The Traffic Incident Ontology (TI) is an ontology for traffic incidents. In part, it is based on the Classification of Motor Vehicle Traffic Crashes (AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD, ANSI D.16-2017).
accident
wypadek
something bad that happens that is not expected or intended and that often damages something or injures someone
zdarzenie w ruchu drogowym, gdzie jeden lub więcej uczestników ruchu drogowego bierze udział w zdarzeniu, w wyniku którego uczestnik ruchu drogowego został ranny lub doszło do jego śmierci.
aircraft accident
A transport accident that involves an aircraft in-transport.
at-intersection crash
A traffic crash in which the first harmful event occurs within the limits of an intersection.
at work
This definition is adapted from the definition used in the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries program at the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Engaged in duties, activities or tasks that produce a product or service; that are done in exchange for money, goods, services, profit or benefit; and that are legal activities in the United States.
ANSI D.16-2017, section 2.9.6
cataclysm
An avalanche, landslide/mudslide, hurricane, cyclone, downburst, flood, torrential rain, cloudburst, lightning, tornado, tidal wave, earthquake or volcanic eruption (See 2.4.9 transport crash).
collision
kolizja
occurs when a vehicle that is moving along a roadway collides with another vehicle or object
występuje, gdy pojazd poruszający się po jezdni zderza się z innym pojazdem lub przedmiotem
collision crash
A road vehicle crash other than an overturning crash in which the first harmful event is a collision of a road vehicle in-transport with another road vehicle, other property or pedestrians.
collision involving motor vehicle in-transport
A crash that is both a motor vehicle crash and a collision crash in which the first harmful event is the collision of two or more motor vehicles in-transport.
collision involving other road vehicle in transport
A crash that is both an other-road vehicle crash and a collision crash in which the first harmful event is the collision of two or more other road vehicles in-transport.
collision involving animal
A collision crash in which the first harmful event is the collision of an animal, other than an animal powering an other road vehicle, and a road vehicle in-transport.
collision involving fixed object
Fixed objects include such objects as guardrails, bridge railings or abutments, construction barricades, impact attenuators, trees, embedded rocks, utility poles, ditches, steep earth or rock slopes, culverts, fences and buildings.
A collision crash in which the first harmful event is the striking of a fixed object by a road vehicle in- transport.
collision involving other object
Any collision crash other than a (1) collision involving pedestrian, (2) collision involving motor vehicle in-transport, (3) collision involving other road vehicle in-transport, (4) collision involving parked motor vehicle, (5) collision involving railway vehicle, (6) collision involving pedalcycle, (7) collision involving animal, or (8) collision involving fixed object.
collision involving other road vehicle
A collision involving other road vehicle in- in Transport transport is a crash that is both an other-road- vehicle crash and a collision crash in which the first harmful event is the collision of two or more other road vehicles in-transport.
collision involving parked motor
A crash in which the first harmful event is the striking of a motor vehicle not in- transport (See 2.2.34.1) by a road vehicle in- transport (See 2.2.34).
collision involving pedalcycle
A crash that is both a motor vehicle crash and a collision crash in which the first harmful event is the collision of a pedalcycle in-transport and a motor vehicle in- transport.
collision involving pedestrian crash
A collision crash in which the first harmful event is the collision of a pedestrian and a road vehicle in- transport.
collision involving railway vehicle
A collision crash in which the first harmful event is the collision of a road vehicle in-transport and a railway vehicle.
commerce
Any trade, traffic or transportation of commodities or persons for financial consideration or exchange, or in the furtherance of a business enterprise.
ANSI D.16-2017, section 2.9.1
contact vehicle
A contact vehicle is directly involved in a crash. (See 2.6.2 Collision crash and 2.6.3 Noncollision crash.)
Any road vehicle which comes in contact with one or more road vehicles, non-motorists or property in a collision crash, or has a noncollision crash.
crash
An unstabilized situation which includes at least one harmful event.
damage
A harm to property that reduces the monetary value of that property.
dangerous behaviour
niebezpieczne zachowanie
action by a traffic user which results in a traffic incident
dangerous overtaking
niebezpiecznie wyprzedzanie
action in which a traffic user overtakes another vehicle in a way that leads to an incident
death
śmierć
a process leading to the cessation of all vital functions of the body as a result of irreversible inhibition of biological reactions in its cells
proces prowadzący do ustania wszelkich funkcji życiowych organizmu w wyniku nieodwracalnego zahamowania reakcji biologicznych w jego komórkach.
deliberate intent
The classification given to the cause of an event which occurs when a person acts deliberately to cause the event or deliberately refrains from prudent acts which would prevent occurrence of the event.
destruction of property
zniszczenie mienia
damage to or the destruction of public or private property, caused either by a person who is not its owner or by natural phenomena
uszkodzenie lub zniszczenie własności publicznej lub prywatnej, spowodowane przez osobę niebędącą jej właścicielem lub przez zjawiska naturalne.
disabling damage
A road vehicle damage which precludes departure of the vehicle from the scene of the crash in its usual operating manner by daylight after simple repairs.
distance back
distance front
driver
An occupant who is in actual physical control of a transport vehicle or, for an out-of control vehicle, an occupant who was in control until control was lost.
ANSI D.16-2017, section 2.2.37
driveway access-related crash
A traffic crash that (1) occurs adjacent to a driveway, (2) is not a driveway access crash and (3) results from an activity, behavior or control related to the movement of traffic units onto or out of a driveway.
driveway-towaway operation
operation in which an empty or unladen motor vehicle with one or more sets of wheels on the surface of the roadway is being transported by means of a saddle-mount or tow-bar between vehicle manufacturer's facilities, a vehicle manufacturer and a dealership or purchaser or to a repair facility
driveway access crash
This requires at least one traffic unit (vehicle, pedalcyclist or pedestrian) to be physically on the driveway access within the trafficway.
A traffic crash in which the first harmful event occurs on a driveway access (See 2.5.9) or involves a road vehicle entering or leaving another roadway by way of a driveway access (See Figure 4).
driving under the influence
prowadzenie pojazdu w stanie nietrzeźwości
driving motor or non-mechanical vehicles during or after consuming alcohol or psychoactive substances
prowadzenie pojazdów mechanicznych albo innych niż mechaniczne w okresie spożywania lub po spożyciu alkoholu lub substancji psychoaktywnych
entrance/exit ramp-related crash
If the first harmful event occurs in the intersection of a ramp and a surface roadway, then it would be classified under 2.7.3 – at-intersection crash.
A traffic crash in which the first harmful event occurs off the entrance/exit ramp roadway, but is related to the use of or entry onto the ramp.
entrance/exit ramp crash
This would include all the areas between the gore and termination of the entrance/exit ramp.
A traffic crash in which the first harmful event occurs on an entrance or exit ramp roadway and is not the result of an activity, behavior or control related to the movement of traffic units through an intersection.
entry on red light
wejście na czerwonym świetle
action of crossing the pedestrian crossing while the traffic light is red
fainting
omdlenie
krótkotrwała utrata przytomności wywołana przejściowym globalnym zmniejszeniem perfuzji mózgowej. Charakteryzuje się szybkim rozwojem objawów aż do zupełnej utraty przytomności, krótkim czasem trwania oraz samoistnym i pełnym odzyskaniem przytomności.
short-term loss of consciousness due to transient global decrease in cerebral perfusion. It is characterized by rapid development of symptoms up to complete loss of consciousness, short duration, and spontaneous and full recovery.
farm vehicle driver
farmer who drives a commercial motor vehicle that is used within 150 air-miles of their farm to transport agricultural products, farm machinery, farm supplies, or both, to or from a farm
fatal crash
Any injury crash that results in one or more fatal injuries.
fatal injury
If the person did not die at the scene but died within 30 days of the motor vehicle crash in which the injury occurred, the injury classification should be changed from the attribute previously assigned to the attribute "Fatal injury" 2.3.3 Fatality A fatality is any death resulting from a fatal injury (See 3.1.3).
Any injury that results in death within 30 days after the motor vehicle crash in which the injury occurred.
fatality
Any death resulting from a fatal injury.
forcing the right of way
wymuszenie pierwszeństwa
niepowstrzymanie się od ruchu, jeżeli ruch mógłby zmusić innego kierującego do zmiany kierunku lub pasa ruchu albo istotnej zmiany prędkości, a pieszego - do zatrzymania się, zwolnienia lub przyspieszenia kroku
refraining from traffic if this traffic may force another driver to change direction or lane or change the speed significantly and to stop, slow down or accelerate by pedestrians
functional damage
Any road vehicle damage, other than disabling damage, which affects operation of the road vehicle or its parts.
harmful event
An occurrence of injury or damage.
hazardous material
Any motor vehicle transporting quantities of hazardous materials in quantities above the thresholds established by the U.S. Department of Transportation, or other authorized entity, is required to display a hazardous materials placard.
A substance or material which has been designated by the U.S. Department of Transportation, or other authorizing entity, as capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety and property when transported in commerce.
hazardous materials placard
This placard identifies the hazard class division number, 4-digit hazardous material identification number, or name of the hazardous material being transported.
A sign required to be affixed to any motor vehicle transporting quantities of hazardous materials in quantities above the thresholds established by the U.S. Department of Transportation, or other authorized entity.
in-transport
When applied to motor vehicles, “ in-transport '' means on a roadway or in motion within or outside the trafficway. A transport vehicle which is also a working motor vehicle at the time of the unstabilized situation is not `` in-transport. '' In roadway lanes used for travel during some periods and for parking during other periods, a parked motor vehicle should be considered to be in-transport during periods when parking is forbidden.
The state or condition of a transport vehicle which is in motion or within the portion of a transport way ordinarily used by similar transport vehicles.
injury
A bodily harm to a person.
injury crash
Any road vehicle crash that results in one or more injuries.
inoperative vehicle
niesprawny pojazd
state of a vehicle in which some or all of its functions do not work
interchange crash
A traffic crash in which the first harmful event occurs within boundaries which include all ramps of auxiliary roadways and include each roadway entering or leaving the interchange to a point 30 meters (100 feet) beyond the gore or curb return at the outermost ramp connection. Interchange crashes may include at-intersection crashes, intersection- related crashes, driveway access crashes or nonjunction crashes.
intersection-related crash
A traffic crash in which the first harmful event (1) occurs on an approach to or exit from an intersection and (2) results from an activity, behavior or control related to the movement of traffic units through the intersection.
interstate commerce
A commerce in the United States where the transit between the points of origin and termination does not occur entirely within the borders of the state of origin.
interstate system
The National System of Interstate and Defense Highways as defined in Section 101, Title 23, United States Code.
intrastate commerce
A commerce in any state where the transit between the points of origin and termination occurs entirely within the borders of the state of origin.
jackknife crash
A noncollision crash in which the first harmful event results from unintended contact between any two units of a multi-unit road vehicle such as a truck combination.
legal intervention
A category of deliberate intent in which the person who acts or refrains from acting is a law-enforcing agent or other official.
motor carrier
The legal business entity, individual, partnership, corporation or organization that directs, controls and is responsible for the transportation of goods, property or people.
motor vehicle crash
A transport crash that (1) involves a motor vehicle in-transport, (2) is not an aircraft accident or watercraft accident, and (3) does not include any harmful event involving a railway train in-transport prior to involvement of a motor vehicle in-transport.
motor vehicle damage
A road vehicle damage to a motor vehicle.
motor vehicle nontraffic crash
A motor vehicle crash which is a nontraffic crash.
motor vehicle traffic crash
A motor vehicle cash which is a traffic crash.
motorcycle conversion kit
An original definition from ANSI D.16-2017: A motorcycle conversion assembly makes it possible to convert a conventional two-wheel motorcycle into a motorcycle having the look and the stability of a tricycle-type vehicle, which improves stability and increases ease of operation.
A device that makes it possible to convert a conventional two-wheel motorcycle into a motorcycle having the look and the stability of a tricycle-type vehicle, which improves stability and increases ease of operation.
motorist
Any occupant of a motor vehicle in-transport.
movement speed
relates a vehicle to its movement speed
moving object
obiekt ruchomy
object which is in motion and changes location
no apparent injury (O)
A situation where there is no reason to believe that the person received any bodily harm from the motor vehicle crash. There is no physical evidence of injury and the person does not report any change in normal function.
no apparent injury crash
A no apparent injury crash is also called a property damage only crash.
Any road vehicle crash other than an injury crash.
non-contact vehicle
A noncontact vehicle is indirectly involved in a crash.
Any vehicle other than a contact vehicle.
non-fatal injury crash
Any injury crash other than a fatal crash.
ANSI D.16-2017, section 2.4.28
non-junction crash
A road vehicle crash that is not an at-intersection crash, a driveway access crash or an intersection-related crash.
non-motorist
Any person other than a motorist
ANSI D.16-2017, section 2.2.41
non-traffic crash
A road vehicle crash which is not a traffic crash.
noncollision crash
Any road vehicle crash other than a collision crash.
niedostosowanie prędkości do warunków atmosferycznych
not adapting speed to weather conditions
action of driving at a speed that is inadequate to weather conditions
not in-transport
Original definition from ANSI D.16-2017: any transport vehicle which is not "in-transport."
The state or condition of a transport vehicle which is not "in-transport."
object mass
relates an object to its mass
object value
relates an object to its value
occupant
Any person who is part of a transport vehicle.
ANSI D.16-2017, section 2.2.35
off-roadway crash
Any road vehicle crash other than an on-roadway crash.
on-roadway crash
(1) a collision crash in which the initial point of contact between colliding units in the first harmful event is within a roadway or (2) a non-collision crash in which the road vehicle involved was partly or entirely on the roadway at the time of the first harmful event.
other-road-vehicle crash
A transport crash that (1) involves an other road vehicle in- transport and (2) is not an aircraft accident, watercraft accident, motor vehicle crash or railway accident.
other-road-vehicle damage
A road vehicle damage to an other road vehicle.
other-road-vehicle nontraffic crash
An other-road-vehicle crash which is a nontraffic crash.
other-road-vehicle traffic crash
An other- road-vehicle crash which is a traffic crash.
inne przedmioty z którymi samochód może się zderzyć
other objects with which car can colide
objects other than infrastructure, agents, vehicles, property, natural places, hazardous material, hazardous material placard, with which vehicles can collide
overturning crash
A road vehicle crash in which the first harmful event is the overturning of a road vehicle.
passenger
Any occupant of a road vehicle other than its driver.
pedalcycle crash
An other-road-vehicle crash that (1) involves a pedalcycle in-transport and (2) is not a streetcar crash.
pedalcyclist
Any occupant of a pedalcycle in-transport.
pedestrian
pieszy
Any person who is not an occupant.
a person walking rather than travelling in a vehicle
osobę znajdującą się poza pojazdem na drodze i niewykonującą na niej robót lub czynności przewidzianych odrębnymi przepisami
personal conveyance
A device, other than a transport device, used by a pedestrian (See 2.2.36) for personal mobility assistance or recreation. These devices can be motorized or human powered, but not propelled by pedaling.
police pursuit
This notice needs to be either through the use of visual or audible emergency signals, including alternating flashing headlights, or a combination of emergency devices. A pursuit is terminated when the motorist stops, or when the attempt to apprehend is discontinued.
An event that is initiated when a law enforcement officer, operating an authorized emergency vehicle, gives notice to stop to a motorist the officer is attempting to contact, and that motorist fails to comply with the signal by either maintaining his/her speed, increasing speed, or taking other evasive action to elude the officer 's continued attempts to stop the motorist.
possible injury
Possible injuries are those that are reported by the person or are indicated by his/her behavior, but no wounds or injuries are readily evident, and includes : Momentary loss of consciousness or claim of injury, limping, or complaint of pain or nausea.
Any injury reported or claimed which is not a fatal, suspected serious, or suspected minor injury.
private motor carrier
person who provides transportation of property or passengers, by commercial motor vehicle, and is not a for-hire motor carrier
property
Any physical object other than a person.
property damage only crash
A no apparent injury crash.
qualified VA examiner
advanced practice nurse, doctor of chiropractic, doctor of medicine, doctor of osteopathy, physician assistant, or other medical professional who is employed in the Department of Veterans Affairs
radar detector
device or mechanism designed to detect the emission of radio microwaves, laser beams or any other future speed measurement technology employed by enforcement personnel to measure the speed of commercial motor vehicles upon public roads and highways for enforcement purposes
railway accident
A transport accident that (1) involves a railway train in-transport and (2) is not an aircraft accident, watercraft accident or motor vehicle crash.
receiver
person who takes delivery from a motor carrier or driver of a commercial motor vehicle of property transported in interstate commerce or hazardous materials transported in interstate or intrastate commerce
road vehicle crash
A transport crash that is either a motor vehicle crash or an other-road vehicle crash.
road vehicle damage
A damage to a road vehicle.
road vehicle nontraffic crash
A nontraffic crash.
road vehicle traffic crash
A traffic crash.
role in accident
role a vehicle takes in an accident
role of person in traffic
role a person can take while being in traffic
school bus crash
(1) a motor vehicle crash in which a school bus, with or without a pupil on board, is involved directly as a contact vehicle, or (2) a motor vehicle crash or an other-road- vehicle crash in which a school bus, with or without a pupil on board, is involved indirectly as a noncontact vehicle.
niedopasowanie prędkości
speed mismatching
action of having inadequate speed
state
state or condition of a transport vehicle
obiekt statyczny
static object
object that does not move
streetcar crash
An other-road-vehicle crash that involves a streetcar in-transport.
suspected minor injury
Any injury that is evident at the scene of the crash, other than fatal or serious injuries, including lump on the head, abrasions, bruises, minor lacerations (cuts on the skin surface with minimal bleeding and no exposure of deeper tissue /muscles).
suspected serious injury
Any injury other than fatal which results in one or more of the following : Severe laceration resulting in exposure of underlying tissues /muscle /organs or resulting in significant loss of blood; broken or distorted extremity (arm or leg); crush injuries; suspected skull, chest, or abdominal injury other than bruises or minor lacerations; significant burns (second and third degree burns over 10 % or more of the body); unconsciousness when taken from the crash scene, or paralysis.
too high
zbyt duża prędkość
action of having too high speed
too low
zbyt mała prędkość
action of having too low speed
too small distance between vehicles
zachowanie zbyt małej odległości między pojazdami
action of maintaining too small a distance between two vehicles
traffic crash
A road vehicle crash in which (1) the unstabilized situation originates on a trafficway or (2) a harmful event occurs on a trafficway.
traffic incident
zdarzenie drogowe
all road accidents - irrespective of whether there is an accident or serious material damage
wszystkie wydarzenia na drodze – niezależnie od tego, czy są jakieś ofiary lub poważne straty materialne
przyczyna zdarzeń drogowych
traffic incident causes
possible causes of a traffic incident
skutek zdarzeń drogowych
traffic incident effect
possible effect of a traffic incident
traffic participant
uczestnik ruchu
pedestrians, drivers, and other people in the vehicle or on a vehicle on the road
pieszy, kierujący, a także inne osoby przebywające w pojeździe lub na pojeździe znajdującym się na drodze
traffic unit
A land vehicle or a pedestrian.
traffic violation
wykroczenie drogowe
czyn społecznie szkodliwy (nawet w stopniu znikomym), zabroniony przez ustawę obowiązującą w czasie jego popełnienia pod groźbą kary aresztu, ograniczenia wolności, grzywny do 5000 złotych lub nagany
socially harmful act (even to a slight extent), prohibited by the law in force at the time of its commission, under pain of imprisonment, restriction of liberty, fine up to PLN 5,000 or reprimand
transport crash
A crash (1) that involves a transport vehicle in-transport, (2) in which the first harmful event is not produced by the discharge of a firearm or explosive device, and (3) that does not directly result from a cataclysm where the timing is such that the cataclysm is occurring at the time of the accident or crash.
transport device
Any device designed primarily for moving persons or property along with the device itself from one place to another, except (1) a weapon, (2) a device used primarily within the confines of a building and its premises, or (3) a personal conveyance.
unstabilized situation
It originates when control is lost and terminates when control is regained or, in the absence of persons who are able to regain control, when all persons and propertyare at rest.
A set of events not under human control.
korzystanie z telefonu komórkowego podczas prowadzenia samochodu
using mobile phone during driving
action of using a mobile phone by a driver while operating a vehicle
veteran operator
operator of a commercial motor vehicle who is a veteran enrolled in the health care system
poszkodowanie
victim
to be hurt or damaged because of something or someone
zostać zranionym lub uszkodzonym z powodu czegoś lub kogoś
watercraft accident
A transport accident if it (1) involves a watercraft in-transport and (2) is not an aircraft accident.
pogoda
weather
current atmospheric conditions
work zone crash
A motor vehicle traffic crash in which the first harmful event occurs within the boundaries of a work zone or on an approach to or exit from a work zone, resulting from an activity, behavior or control related to the movement of the traffic units through the work zone.
does
relates a traffic user or a vehicle to an action
gross combination weight rating
This is for truck tractors and single-unit trucks pulling a trailer (s). GCWR is the sum of the gross vehicle weight ratings (GVWR) of all units; power unit and its trailer (s).
The value specified by the manufacturer as the recommended maximum loaded weight of a combination (articulated) motor vehicle.
GCWR
gross vehicle weight
The actual weight of a road vehicle including the weight of the road vehicle, its load of persons and property, and all added equipment.
GVW
gross vehicle weight rating
This rating includes the maximum rated capacity of a vehicle, including the base vehicle, mounted equipment and any cargo and passengers. Most of the time, GVWR is the sum of the maximum rated capacity of the axles of the vehicle.
The value specified by the manufacturer as the recommended maximum loaded weight of a single motor vehicle.
GVWR
has cause
relates a process to another process that causes it
has dangerous behaviour
relates a traffic user to a dangerous behaviour he is exhibiting
has effect
relates a process to another process that is its effect
has patient
relates a hospital to a patient present there
has traffic user
relates a crash to a traffic user who participates in it
is cause of
relates a process to another one that is caused by it
is effect of
relates a process to another process of which it is an effect
is offence of
is participant of
relates a traffic user to a crash in which he participates
is patient of
relates a traffic user to a hospital in which he is being treated
is capable of driving at
relates a vehicle to the ADS level at which it operates
total lanes in roadway
Original definition: The total number of lanes in a roadway is collected for each vehicle, on the roadway on which that vehicle was traveling. Through lanes also includes shared through/turn lanes but excludes, turn-only lanes, auxiliary lanes, such as collector-distributor lanes, weaving lanes, frontage road lanes, parking lanes, acceleration/deceleration lanes, toll collection lanes and truck climbing lanes. Total lanes are collected in two parts as total through lanes and total auxiliary lanes.
A number of through lanes of the roadway.