This ontology is provided for the convenience of FIBO users. It loads all of the very latest FIBO production ontologies based on the contents of GitHub, rather than those that comprise a specific version, such as a quarterly release. Note that metadata files and other 'load' files, such as the various domain-specific 'all' files, are intentionally excluded.
Copyright (c) 2013-2025 EDM Council, Inc. Copyright (c) 2013-2025 Object Management Group, Inc. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the 'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. See https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
Copyright (c) 2013-2025 EDM Council, Inc.
Copyright (c) 2013-2025 Object Management Group, Inc.
This annotation is typically used to describe an artifact such as a controlled vocabulary, ontology, or other similar resource.
an entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
The guidelines for using names of persons or organizations as creators apply to contributors.
an entity responsible for making the resource
Recommended practice is to identify the creator with a URI. If this is not possible or feasible, a literal value that identifies the creator may be provided.
Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, a table of contents, a graphical representation, or a free-text account of the resource.
Recommended practice is to describe the date, date/time, or period of time as recommended for the property Date, of which this is a subproperty.
a legal document giving official permission to do something with the resource
Recommended practice is to identify the license document with a URI. If this is not possible or feasible, a literal value that identifies the license may be provided.
This annotation is typically used to indicate the most recent date on which an artifact such as a controlled vocabulary, ontology, or other similar resource was changed.
an entity responsible for making the resource available
a related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource
This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. This property is an inverse property of Is Referenced By.
information about rights held in and over the resource
Typically, rights information includes a statement about various property rights associated with the resource, including intellectual property rights. Recommended practice is to refer to a rights statement with a URI. If this is not possible or feasible, a literal value (name, label, or short text) may be provided.
a related resource from which the described resource is derived
This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. The described resource may be derived from the related resource in whole or in part. Best practice is to identify the related resource by means of a URI or a string conforming to a formal identification system.
The intent is to provide a user with a reference as to how the thing being annotated was derived or arrived at. The source can be a URL to a standard, common dictionary (e.g., Collins, Merriam-Webster, Oxford), a formal reference such as an ISO standard, or similar reference. Or it can be a short description of a source from which the entity being annotated was derived.
This annotation is typically used to describe an artifact such as a controlled vocabulary, document, ontology, or other similar resource.
BCP 47: Tags for Identifying Languages, available at https://tools.ietf.org/search/bcp47
This datatype declaration is included to support language-tagged strings, as defined in RDF 1.1. The rdf:langString datatype has not been incorporated directly in OWL 2 to date, and so it must be declared in order to enable its inclusion in the declaration of the Text datatype. Language-tagged strings must be well-formed according to section 2.2.9 of [BCP47].
WGS 84 provides the 'alt' property as an RDF property, so we declare it here to enable use in OWL. However, we have not made it equivalent to hasAltitude due to the potential semantic clash for people using 'alt' with string values or numeric values with different units.
WGS 84 provides the 'lat' property as an RDF property, so we declare it here to enable use in OWL. However, we have not made it equivalent to hasLatitude due to the potential semantic clash for people using 'lat' with string values or numeric values with different units.
WGS 84 provides the 'long' property as an RDF property, so we declare it here to enable use in OWL. However, we have not made it equivalent to hasLongitude due to the potential semantic clash for people using 'long' with string values or numeric values with different units.
an alternative lexical label for a resource
Acronyms, abbreviations, spelling variants, and irregular plural/singular forms may be included among the alternative labels for a concept. Mis-spelled terms are normally included as hidden labels (see skos:hiddenLabel).
The range of skos:altLabel is the class of RDF plain literals.
skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel and skos:hiddenLabel are pairwise disjoint properties.
a note about a modification to a concept
a statement or formal explanation of the meaning of a concept
For the purposes of OMG and other industry standards, definitions must be ISO 704 compliant.
a note for an editor, translator or maintainer of the vocabulary
a note about the past state, use, or meaning of a concept
This property may be used directly, or as a super-property for more specific note types.
the preferred lexical label for a resource, in a given language
A resource has no more than one value of skos:prefLabel per language tag, and no more than one value of skos:prefLabel without language tag.
The range of skos:prefLabel is the class of RDF plain literals.
a note that helps to clarify the meaning and/or the use of a concept
London Stock Exchange plc. legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for London Stock Exchange plc.
Société Générale Plc legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Société Générale
Federal Reserve Bank of New York legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for the Federal Reserve Bank of New York
The Proctor & Gamble Company legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for The Proctor & Gamble Company
BNY Mellon, National Association legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for BNY Mellon, National Association
Morgan Stanley & Co. International plc legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Morgan Stanley & Co. International plc
SIX Financial Information AG legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for SIX Financial Information AG
Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation legal entity identifier
identifier and link to the official legal entity identifier registry entry for the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation as published in the Global LEI Index
Herausgebergemeinschaft Wertpapier-Mitteilungen Keppler, Lehmann GmbH & Co. KG legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Herausgebergemeinschaft Wertpapier-Mitteilungen Keppler, Lehmann GmbH & Co. KG
legal entity identifier for SIX Group AG
Intercontinental Exchange legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Intercontinental Exchange
Bloomberg Finance L.P. legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Bloomberg Finance L.P.
Standard Chartered Securities (North America) LLC legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Standard Chartered Securities (North America) LLC
Thomson Reuters Corporation legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Thomson Reuters Corporation
legal entity identifier for Alphabet Inc.
legal entity identifier for Bloomberg L.P.
legal entity identifier for Euroclear SA/NV
European Central Bank legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for the European Central Bank
ABN AMRO Securities (USA) LLC legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for ABN AMRO Securities (USA) LLC
DTCC Data Repository (U.S) LLC legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for DTCC Data Repository (U.S) LLC
The Depository Trust Company legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for The Depository Trust Company
ICE Trade Vault, LLC legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for ICE Trade Vault, LLC
Corporation Service Company legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for the Corporation Service Company
Clearstream Banking S.A. legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Clearstream Banking S.A.
legal entity identifier for the Bank of Canada
legal entity identifier for Citicorp LLC
BNP Paribas USA, INC. legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for BNP Paribas USA, INC.
State Street Corporation legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for State Street Corporation
State Street Bank and Trust Company legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for State Street Bank and Trust Company
legal entity identifier for Citigroup Inc.
JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association
Deutsche Bank Aktiengesellschaft legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Deutsche Bank Aktiengesellschaft
legal entity identifier for Commerzbank AG
JPMorgan Chase & Co. legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
Bank of America, National Association legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Bank of America, National Association
ABN AMRO Bank N.V. legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for ABN AMRO Bank N.V.
legal entity identifier for Citibank N.A.
Bank of America Europe legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Bank of America Europe Designated Activity Company
Business Entity Data (BED) B.V. legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Business Entity Data (BED) B.V.
Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
Barclays Bank Plc legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Barclays Bank Plc
Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) legal entity identifier
identifier and link to the official legal entity identifier registry entry for the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT)
JP Morgan Securities legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for JP Morgan Securities
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation
WFC Holdings, LLC legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for WFC Holdings, LLC
Wells Fargo & Company legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Wells Fargo & Company
The Home Depot, Inc. legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for The Home Depot, Inc.
Standard Chartered Bank legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Standard Chartered Bank
NatWest Markets Plc legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for NatWest Markets Plc
Chicago Mercantile Exchange, Inc. legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for Chicago Mercantile Exchange, Inc.
BGC Partners, Inc. legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for BGC Partners, Inc.
The Coca-Cola Company legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for The Coca-Cola Company
Bank for International Settlements legal entity identifier
identifier and link to the official legal entity identifier registry entry for the Bank for International Settlements
International Business Machines Corporation legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for International Business Machines Corporation
The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation
S&P Global, Inc. legal entity identifier
legal entity identifier for S&P Global, Inc.
not-for-profit organization that is owned by and acts on behalf of its members
Associations include trade or business associations, industry sector-specific groups, and professional associations, among others. They also commonly include cooperative farms and markets.
organization owned by and operated for the benefit of those using its services
In agriculture, there are broadly three types of cooperatives: a machinery pool, a manufacturing/marketing cooperative, and a credit union
organization that assumes the day-to-day administration and management of a family's affairs
Family offices are often privately held companies set up to handle investment and wealth management for wealthy families.
functional entity defined in terms of the nature of the commercial activity it conducts
party defined in terms of a function they or it performs
party engaged in the purchase and sales of goods produced by others for profit
code used internationally to classify a merchant
ISO 18245:2003 Retail financial services - Merchant category codes
Merchant categories are organized by the type of business, trade or services supplied. Certain category codes including those for very large businesses, such as airlines and some hotel chains, may be delineated to the point of identifying the business. Merchant category codes and/or the descriptions of the service categories are frequently used in credit card and other banking transactions for analysis, transaction classification, such as for use in promotional rewards, and sometimes tax-related purposes.
Values are specified only for those merchant categories that are generally expected to originate retail financial transactions. Criteria for establishing a new category code includes (a) the merchant category is reasonable and substantially different from all other merchant categories currently represented in the list of code values; (b) the merchant category is separate and distinct from all other industries currently represented in the list of code values; (c) the proposal describes a merchant category or industry, and not a process; (d) the minimum annual sales volume of merchants included in the merchant category, taken as a whole, is USD 10 million; and (e) sufficient justification for the addition of a new code value is found.
scheme defining a set of codes for classifying merchant services
ISO 18245 provides a set of merchant category codes that are used internationally. Some countries, regional governments, banks, and other large organizations extend the basic codes with custom additions to fit business needs.
unique identifier for a merchant that is used, for example, for transaction interchange purposes
syndicate
temporary, self-organizing group of people, companies, corporations or entities organized as an alliance whose purpose is to transact some specific business, or to pursue or promote a shared interest
For example, when a group of investment banks work together to bring a new issue of securities to the market, they form a distributing syndicate. Other types of syndicates are created for underwriting, banking, and insurance.
A syndicate is a temporary alliance formed by people or businesses to handle a large transaction that would be hard to execute individually. Syndication makes it easy for businesses to pool their resources and share risks.
syndicate member
role of an individual or organization that is a member of an alliance set up to pool resources and share risk with respect to a large transaction
participating member
syndicate participant
provides a text description of the sector to which the code applies
publisher of data relevant to financial markets
Market data providers include exchanges and independent data vendors, among others. Market valuation and related control and risk processes typically require explicit documentation of the source for a given market rate, such as an interest rate benchmark, exchange rate, stock prices, and so forth.
document offered for general distribution and usually produced in multiple copies
ISO 5127:2017, Information and documentation - Foundation and vocabulary
A publication can be anything made public by print (such as a newspaper, magazine, pamphlet, letter, telegram, via computer modem or program, or in a poster, brochure or pamphlet), orally, or by broadcast (radio, television).
role of person(s) or organization(s) responsible for the printing or distribution of an item, whether in digital or print (physical) form
ISO 10161-1:2014(en), Information and documentation - Open Systems Interconnection - Interlibrary Loan Application Protocol Specification - Part 1: Protocol specification
Publishers may also include banks, government agencies and the like.
indicates the party in the role of issuing the information
identifies the independent party (i.e., the individual or organization) that disseminates the material
prepares and issues material for public consumption
Government of the Kyrgyz Republic
Кыргыз Республикасы
unitary parliamentary secular constitutional republic in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and China
Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Қазақстан Республикасы
unitary dominant-party presidential constitutional republic in Central Asia, bordered by Russia in the north, China in the east, and Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan in the south while also adjoining a large part of the Caspian Sea in the southwest
Government of the Republic of Tajikistan
Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон
unitary dominant-party presidential constitutional secular republic in Central Asia, bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north and China to the east
Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi
unitary presidential constitutional secular republic in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Kyrgyzstan to the northeast, Tajikistan to the southeast, Afghanistan to the south, Turkmenistan and the autonomous republic of Karakalpakstan to the south-west
Government of Turkmenistan
Türkmenistan
unitary dominant-party presidential republic in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest and the Caspian Sea to the west
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Kyrgyzstan, which is the system of courts, including the Supreme Court, that interprets and applies the law in Kyrgyzstan
jurisdiction of the Republic of Kazakhstan
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Kazakhstan, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Kazakhstan
jurisdiction of the Republic of Tajikistan
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Tajikistan, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Tajikistan
jurisdiction of the Republic of Uzbekistan
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Uzbekistan, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Uzbekistan
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Turkmenistan, which is the system of courts, including the Supreme Court of Turkmenistan and its divisions, that interprets and applies the law in Turkmenistan
sovereign state and polity that is Kazakhstan
sovereign state and polity that is Kyrgyzstan
sovereign state and polity that is Tajikistan
sovereign state and polity that is Turkmenistan
sovereign state and polity that is Uzbekistan
Government of Japan
日本国
unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy with a bicameral legislature in Eastern Asia, bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, and extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north toward the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south
Government of Mongolia
Монгол Улс
unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic and landlocked country in Eastern Asia, situated between Russia to the north and China to the south, where it neighbours the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
Government of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea
조선민주주의인민공화국
unitary one-party republic under a totalitarian dictatorship in Eastern Asia, constituting the northern part of the Korean Peninsula, bordered to the north by China and by Russia along the Amnok (known as the Yalu in Chinese) and Tumen rivers, and to the south by South Korea, with the heavily fortified Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) separating the two
Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
中華人民共和國香港特別行政區
devolved executive-led system within a socialist republic that is a metropolitan area and special administrative region of the People's Republic of China on the eastern Pearl River Delta of the South China Sea
Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
中華人民共和國澳門特別行政區
devolved executive-led system within a socialist republic that is a metropolitan area and special administrative region of the People's Republic of China in the western Pearl River Delta by the South China Sea
Government of the People's Republic of China
中华人民共和国
unitary Marxist-Leninist single-party socialist republic in Eastern Asia, covering approximately 9.6 million square kilometers (3.7 million square miles), that is the world's third or fourth-largest country by area
Government of the Republic of China
中華民國
unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic whose neighbors include the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south
Government of the Republic of Korea
대한민국
unitary presidential constitutional republic in Eastern Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, and sharing a land border with North Korea
jurisdiction of the judiciary of China, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in China
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Hong Kong, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Hong Kong
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Japan, which is the system of courts, divided into four basic tiers including the Supreme Court and three levels of lower courts, that interprets and applies the law in Japan
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Macao, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Macao
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Mongolia, which is the system of courts that interpret and apply the law in Mongolia
jurisdiction of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea
jurisdiction of the judiciary of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, which is the system of courts that interpret and apply the law in North Korea
jurisdiction of the judiciary of the Republic of China, which is the system of courts, including the Judicial Yuan, Supreme Court, Council of Grand Justices, and lower courts, that interpret and apply the law in Taiwan
jurisdiction of the judiciary of the Republic of Korea, which is the system of courts, including the Supreme Court, Constitutional Court, and lower courts, that interpret and apply the law in South Korea
regional sovereignty and polity that is Hong Kong
regional sovereignty and polity that is Macao
sovereign state and polity that is China
sovereign state and polity that is Japan
sovereign state and polity that is Mongolia
sovereign state and polity that is North Korea
sovereign state and polity that is South Korea
regional sovereignty and polity that is Taiwan
Government of Malaysia
federal parliamentary constitutional elective monarchy in Southeastern Asia, separated by the South China Sea into two regions, Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo's East Malaysia, that shares land and maritime borders with Thailand, Brunei, and Indonesia, and maritime borders with Singapore, Vietnam, and the Philippines
Government of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste
República Democrática de Timor-Leste
Repúblika Demokrátika Timór-Leste
unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic in Southeastern Asia, an island country that comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecusse, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island surrounded by Indonesian West Timor
Government of the Kingdom of Cambodia
unitary dominant-party parliamentary elective constitutional monarchy in Southeastern Asia, located in the southern portion of the Indochinese peninsula, bordered by Thailand to the northwest, Laos to the northeast, Vietnam to the east and the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest
Government of the Lao People's Democratic Republic
ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ
unitary Marxist-Leninist one-party socialist republic in Southeastern Asia, located on the Indochinese Peninsula, bordered by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southeast and Thailand to the west and southwest
Government of the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace
Negara Brunei Darussalam
unitary Islamic absolute monarchy in Southeastern Asia, located on the north coast of the island of Borneo
Government of the Republic of Indonesia
Republik Indonesia
unitary presidential constitutional republic in Southeastern Asia, consisting of more than seventeen thousand islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea, located between the Indian and Pacific oceans
Government of the Republic of Singapore
Republik Singapura
சிங்கப்பூர் குடியரசு
新加坡共和国
unitary dominant-party parliamentary constitutional republic in Southeastern Asia, located off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, bordering the Straits of Malacca to the west, the Riau Islands (Indonesia) to the south, and the South China Sea to the east
Government of the Republic of the Philippines
Republika ng Pilipinas
unitary presidential constitutional republic in Southeastern Asia, an archipelagic country bordered by the South China Sea to the west, the Philippine Sea to the east, and the Celebes Sea to the southwest, and shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north, Japan to the northeast, Palau to the east and southeast, Indonesia to the south, Malaysia and Brunei to the southwest, Vietnam to the west, and China to the northwest
Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar
ပြည်ထောင်စု သမ္မတ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်
unitary parliamentary assembly-independent republic under a military junta in Southeastern Asia, bordered by Bangladesh and India to its northwest, China to its northeast, Laos and Thailand to its east and southeast, and the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal to its south and southwest
Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam
Government of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam
unitary Marxist-Leninist one-party socialist republic in Southeastern Asia, located at the eastern edge of the Indochinese Peninsula, bordering China to the north, and Laos and Cambodia to the west; while maintaining maritime borders with Thailand through the Gulf of Thailand, and the Philippines, Indonesia and Malaysia through the South China Sea
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Brunei, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Brunei
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Cambodia, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Cambodia
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Indonesia, which is the system of courts, including the Supreme Court of Indonesia, that interprets and applies the law in Indonesia
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Malaysia, which is the system of courts, including the Federal Court of Malaysia, that interprets and applies the law in Malaysia
jurisdiction of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Timor-Leste, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Timor-Leste
jurisdiction of the Lao People's Democratic Republic
jurisdiction of the judiciary of the Lao People's Democratic Republic, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Laos
jurisdiction of the Republic of Singapore
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Singapore, which is the system of courts, including the Supreme Court and State Courts, that interprets and applies the law in Singapore
jurisdiction of the Republic of the Philippines
jurisdiction of the judiciary of the Philippines, which is the system of courts, including the Supreme Court of the Philippines, that interprets and applies the law in the Philippines
jurisdiction of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Myanmar, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Myanmar
jurisdiction of the Royal Thai Government
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Thailand, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Thailand
jurisdiction of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Viet Nam, which is the system of courts, including the Supreme People's Court of Viet Nam, that interprets and applies the law in the Viet Nam
Royal Thai Government
รัฐบาลไทย
unitary military-junta constitutional monarchy in Southeastern Asia, bordered to the north by Myanmar and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by the Andaman Sea and the southern extremity of Myanmar, and sharing maritime borders with Vietnam in the Gulf of Thailand to the southeast, and Indonesia and India on the Andaman Sea to the southwest
sovereign state and polity that is Brunei
sovereign state and polity that is Cambodia
sovereign state and polity that is Indonesia
sovereign state and polity that is the Lao People's Democratic Republic
federated sovereignty and polity that is Malaysia
sovereign state and polity that is Myanmar
sovereign state and polity that is Singapore
sovereign state and polity that is Thailand
sovereign state and polity that is the Philippines
sovereign state and polity that is Timor-Leste
sovereign state and polity that is Viet Nam
Government of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
ශ්‍රී ලංකා ප්‍රජාතාන්ත්‍රික සමාජවාදී ජනරජය
unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic in Southern Asia that is an island country situated on the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, and southeast of the Arabian Sea
Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल
federal parliamentary republic in Southern Asia, mainly situated in the Himalayas, bordering Tibet of China to the north, and India in the south, east, and west
Da Afġānistān Islāmī Jumhoryat
Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
unitary presidential Islamic republic in Southern Asia, bordered by Pakistan to the east and south, Iran to the west, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan to the north, and China to the northeast
Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran
جمهوری اسلامی ایران
unitary Khomeinist presidential Islamic republic in Southern Asia, bordered to the northwest by Armenia and Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan, to the southeast by Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq
Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan
اِسلامی جمہوریہ پاكِستان
federal parliamentary constitutional republic in Southern Asia, bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west, Iran to the southwest, and China to the northeast
Government of the Kingdom of Bhutan
འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་ཁབ་
unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy in Southern Asia, bordered by China to the north and India to the south
Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh
গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ
unitary dominant-party parliamentary constitutional republic in Southern Asia, bordered by India to the west, north, and east, Myanmar to the southeast, and the Bay of Bengal to the south
Bhārat Gaṇarājya
Government of the Republic of India
federal parliamentary constitutional and democratic republic in Southern Asia, bordered by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the northwest; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east
Government of the Republic of Maldives
ދިވެހިރާއްޖެ
unitary presidential republic in Southern Asia, a small archipelagic state situated in the Indian Ocean
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Afghanistan, which is the system of courts, including its Supreme Court or Stera Mahkama, that interprets and applies the law in Afghanistan
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Bangladesh, which is the system of courts, including its Supreme Court, High Court, and Appellate Divisions, that interprets and applies the law in Bangladesh
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Bhutan, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Bhutan
jurisdiction of the judiciary of India, a three-tier unitary independent judiciary comprising the supreme court, headed by the Chief Justice of India, 25 high courts, and a large number of trial courts, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in India
jurisdiction of the judiciary of India, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Iran
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Maldives, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Maldives
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Nepal, which is the system of courts, including the Supreme Court, that interprets and applies the law in Nepal
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Pakistan, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Pakistan
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Sri Lanka, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Sri Lanka
sovereign state and polity that is Afghanistan
sovereign state and polity that is Bangladesh
sovereign state and polity that is Bhutan
federated sovereignty and polity that is India
sovereign state and polity that is Maldives
federated sovereignty and polity that is Nepal
federated sovereignty and polity that is Pakistan
sovereign state and polity that is Sri Lanka
Government of Georgia
საქართველო
unitary parliamentary constitutional republic in Western Asia, bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north and east by Russia, to the south by Turkey and Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan
Government of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية
unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy in Western Asia, located on the East Bank of the Jordan River, bordered by Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Syria, Israel and Palestine (West Bank)
Government of the Kingdom of Bahrain
مملكة البحرين
unitary constitutional monarchy in Western Asia, comprising a small archipelago made up of 70 natural islands and an additional 33 artificial islands, centered around Bahrain Island, between the Qatari peninsula and the north eastern coast of Saudi Arabia
Government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
ٱلْمَمْلَكَة ٱلْعَرَبِيَّة ٱلسَّعُوْدِيَّة
unitary Islamic absolute monarchy in Western Asia, located on the Arabian Peninsula and bordered by Jordan and Iraq to the north, Kuwait to the northeast, Qatar, Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates to the east, Oman to the southeast and Yemen to the south
Government of the Lebanese Republic
ٱلْجُمْهُورِيَّةُ ٱللُّبْنَانِيَّةُ
unitary parliamentary confessionalist constitutional republic in Western Asia, bordered by Syria to the north and east and Israel to the south
Government of the Republic of Armenia
Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն
unitary parliamentary democratic republic in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, the Lachin corridor under a Russian peacekeeping force, and Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan to the south
Azərbaycan Respublikası
Government of the Republic of Azerbaijan
unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Asia, bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, the Russian republic of Dagestan to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia and Turkey to the west, and Iran to the south
Government of the Republic of Cyprus
Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti
Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία
unitary presidential constitutional republic in Western Asia, an island nation in the eastern Mediterranean Sea located south of Turkey, west of Syria, northwest of Lebanon, Israel and Palestine, north of Egypt, and southeast of Greece
Government of the Republic of Iraq
جمهورية العراق
کۆماری عێراق
federal parliamentary constitutional republic in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west
Government of the Republic of Turkey
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti
unitary presidential constitutional republic in Western Asia, bordered by Greece and Bulgaria to the northwest, the Black Sea to the north, Georgia to the northeast, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east, Iraq to the southeast, Syria and the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Aegean Sea to the west
Government of the Republic of Yemen
ٱلْجُمْهُورِيَّةُ ٱلْيَمَنِيَّةُ
unitary presidential constitutional republic (de jure) and unitary provisional government (de facto) in Western Asia located at the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula
Government of the State of Israel
יִשְׂרָאֵל
إسرائيل
unitary parliamentary constitutional republic in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan on the east, the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip to the east and west, respectively, and Egypt to the southwest
Government of the State of Kuwait
دولة الكويت
unitary constitutional monarchy in Western Asia, located at the tip of the Persian Gulf, bordering Iraq to the north and Saudi Arabia to the south
Government of the State of Palestine
دولة فلسطين
unitary semi-presidential republic that is a de jure sovereign state in Western Asia claiming the West Bank (bordering Israel and Jordan) and Gaza Strip (bordering Israel and Egypt)
Government of the State of Qatar
دولة قطر
unitary semi-constitutional monarchy in Western Asia, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula and bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south
Government of the Sultanate of Oman
سلطنة عُمان
unitary absolute monarchy located on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia, bordered by the United Arab Emirates to the northwest, Saudi Arabia to the west, and Yemen to the southwest, and sharing marine borders with Iran and Pakistan
Government of the Syrian Arab Republic
ٱلْجُمْهُورِيَّةُ ٱلْعَرَبِيَّةُ ٱلسُّورِيَّةُ
unitary dominant-party semi-presidential Ba'athist republic bordering Lebanon to the southwest, the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest
Government of the United Arab Emirates
الإمارات العربية المتحدة
federal constitutional elective monarchy located at the eastern end of the Arabian Peninsula, bordering Oman and Saudi Arabia, with maritime borders in the Persian Gulf with Qatar and Iran
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Georgia, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Georgia
jurisdiction of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Jordan, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Jordan
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Bahrain, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Bahrain
jurisdiction of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Saudi Arabia, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Saudi Arabia
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Lebanon, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Lebanon
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Armenia, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Armenia
jurisdiction of the Republic of Azerbaijan
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Azerbaijan, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Azerbaijan
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Cyprus, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Cyprus
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Iraq, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Iraq
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Turkey, which is the system of courts, including the Constitutional Court, Council of State, High Court of Appeals, and lower courts, that interprets and applies the law in Turkey
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Yemen, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Yemen
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Israel, which is the three-tiered system of courts, including the Supreme Court of Israel, that interprets and applies the law in Israel
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Kuwait, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Kuwait
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Palestine, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Palestine
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Qatar, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Qatar
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Oman, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Oman
jurisdiction of the Syrian Arab Republic
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Syria, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Syria
jurisdiction of the United Arab Emirates
jurisdiction of the judiciary of United Arab Emirates, which is the system of courts, including the Federal Supreme Court of the United Arab Emirates and other lower courts, that interprets and applies the law in United Arab Emirates
sovereign state and polity that is Georgia
sovereign state and polity that is Armenia
sovereign state and polity that is Azerbaijan
sovereign state and polity that is Bahrain
sovereign state and polity that is Cyprus
federated sovereignty and polity that is Iraq
sovereign state and polity that is Israel
sovereign state and polity that is Jordan
sovereign state and polity that is Kuwait
sovereign state and polity that is Lebanon
sovereign state and polity that is Palestine
sovereign state and polity that is Qatar
sovereign state and polity that is Saudi Arabia
sovereign state and polity that is Syria
sovereign state and polity that is Turkey
federated sovereignty and polity that is the United Arab Emirates
sovereign state and polity that is Yemen
supranational entity founded in the wake of World War II to uphold human rights, democracy and the rule of law in Europe
Founded in 1949, it has 46 member states, with a population of approximately 675 million; it operates with an annual budget of approximately 500 million euros.
supranational entity that helps to shape the EU's overall strategy, proposes new EU laws and policies, monitors their implementation and manages the EU budget
The European Commission also plays a significant role in supporting international development and delivering aid.
European Commission as regulatory agency
European Commission in its role as a regulator with shared jurisdiction over the European Union
jurisdiction that consists of the member states of the European Union (EU) and three countries of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) (Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway; excluding Switzerland)
The Agreement on the EEA entered into force on 1 January 1994. It seeks to strengthen trade and economic relations between the contracting parties and is principally concerned with the four fundamental pillars of the internal market, namely: the free movement of goods, people, services and capital. The availability of comparable statistical data is considered as relevant to the four freedoms and is therefore included in the agreement.
intergovernmental organization of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland set up for the promotion of free trade and economic cooperation between its members, within Europe, and globally
EFTA was established in 1960 by its then seven Member States for the promotion of free trade and economic integration between its members. The four EFTA States are competitive in several sectors vital to the global economy and score among the highest in the world in competitiveness, wealth creation per inhabitant, life expectancy and quality of life.
individual representing the federated sovereignty and polity that is the European Union
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the European Union, namely, that of the Court of Justice of the EU and Court of Auditors of the EU
individual representing the parliament, council, and other institutions that comprise the government of the European Union
In the EU's unique institutional set-up: - the EU's broad priorities are set by the European Council, which brings together national and EU-level leaders directly elected MEPs represent European citizens in the European Parliament - the interests of the EU as a whole are promoted by the European Commission, whose members are appointed by national governments - governments defend their own country's national interests in the Council of the European Union.
Belarusian entity
Беларускае ўтварэнне
Белорусское предприятие
sovereign state and polity that is Belarus
Bulgarian entity
Българско образувание
sovereign state and polity that is Bulgaria
Czech entity
Český subjekt
sovereign state and polity that is Czechia
Government of Hungary
Magyarország kormánya
unitary, dominant-party, parliamentary republic, bordering Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and Slovenia to the southwest, and Austria to the west
Government of Romania
Guvernul României
unitary, semi-presidential republic at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe, bordering Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, and Moldova to the east
Government of the Czech Republic
Vláda České republiky
unitary, parliamentary, constitutional republic and multi-party, representative democracy, with the president as head of state and prime minister as head of government, that is a landlocked country in Central Europe bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast and Slovakia to the southeast
Government of the Republic of Belarus
Правительство Республики Беларусь
Урад Рэспублікі Беларусь
unitary presidential republic, a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest
Government of the Republic of Bulgaria
Правителство на Република България
unitary parliamentary democracy where the prime minister is the head of government, located in Southeastern Europe bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east
Government of the Republic of Moldova
Guvernul Republicii Moldova
unitary parliamentary constitutional republic that is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south
Government of the Republic of Poland
Rząd Rzeczpospolita Polska
unitary, semi-presidential, constitutional, and representative democratic republic located in Central Europe and bordered by the Baltic Sea, Lithuania, and Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast to the north, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west
Government of the Russian Federation
Правительство Российской Федерации
federal, dominant-party and semi-presidential constitutional republic located in Eastern Europe and Northern Asia
Government of the Slovak Republic
Vláda Slovenskej republiky
unitary, parliamentary democratic republic that is a landlocked country in Central Europe, bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the southwest, and Czech Republic to the northwest
Government of Ukraine
Уряд України
unitary, mixed semi-parliamentary and semi-presidential, constitutional republic located in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the north-east; Belarus to the north; Poland, Slovakia and Hungary to the west; and Romania, Moldova, and the Black Sea to the south
Hungarian entity
Magyar entitás
sovereign state and polity that is Hungary
jurisdiction of Belarus
юрисдикция Беларуси
юрысдыкцыя Беларусі
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Belarus, consisting of the Supreme Court and specialized courts such as the Constitutional Court, which deals with specific issues related to constitutional and business law
jurisdiction of Bulgaria
юрисдикция на България
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Bulgaria, a civil law legal system under the Ministry of Justice, including the Supreme Administrative Court and the Supreme Court of Cassation, which are the highest courts of appeal and oversee the application of laws in subordinate courts
jurisdiction of Czechia
jurisdikce česka
jurisdiction of the judiciary of the Czech Republic, a civil law system grounded in the Constitution of the Czech Republic, including the Constitutional Court, Supreme Court, and Supreme Administrative Court, as well as district and county courts that are divided into civil, criminal, and administrative branches
Magyarország joghatósága
jurisdiction of Hungary
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Hungary, a civil law system based primarily on German that is divided between courts with regular civil and criminal jurisdiction and administrative courts, including local courts, regional appellate courts, and the supreme court
jurisdiction of Moldova
jurisdicția Moldovei
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Moldova, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Moldova, including an independent Constitutional Court
jurisdiction of Poland
jurysdykcja Polski
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Poland, a four-tier court system composed of the Supreme Court, the Supreme Administrative Court, Common Courts (District, Regional, Appellate) and the Military Court
jurisdiction of Romania
jurisdicția României
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Romania, a civil law system influenced by the French system that is a hierarchical system of courts with the High Court of Cassation and Justice being the supreme court of Romania, and includes courts of appeal, county courts and local courts
jurisdiction of Russian Federation
юрисдикция Российской Федерации
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Russian Federation, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in the Russian Federation, including Constitutional Court, Supreme Court and lower federal courts, whose judges are appointed by the Federation Council on the recommendation of the President
jurisdiction of Slovakia
jurisdikcia Slovenska
jurisdiction of the judiciary of the Slovak Republic, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Slovakia, whose highest judicial body is the Constitutional Court of Slovakia, which rules on constitutional issues
jurisdiction of Ukraine
юрисдикція України
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Ukraine, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Ukraine, including the Supreme Court of Ukraine, which is the highest judicial body in the system of courts of general jurisdiction in Ukraine
Entitate moldovenească
Moldovan entity
sovereign state and polity that is Moldova
Podmiot polski
Polish entity
sovereign state and polity that is Poland
Entitate românească
Romanian entity
sovereign state and polity that is Romania
Russian entity
Российское предприятие
federated sovereignty and polity that is the Russian Federation
Slovak entity
Slovenský subjekt
sovereign state and polity that is Slovakia
Ukrainian entity
Українське утворення
sovereign state and polity that is Ukraine
Ahvenanmaan lainkäyttöalue
Aland Islands jurisdiction
Ålandöarnas jurisdiktion
jurisdiction of the Aland District Court, which deals with criminal cases, civil cases and petitionary matters in first instance, with escalation to the appellate level in Finland as needed
Ålands tingsrätt
Ahvenanmaan kokonaisuus
Alandic entity
Ålandisk enhet
regional sovereignty and polity that is Aland
Danish entity
Dansk enhed
sovereign state and polity that is Denmark
Eesti üksus
Estonian entity
sovereign state and polity that is Estonia
Finnish entity
Suomen entiteetti
sovereign state and polity that is Finland
Ahvenanmaan hallitus
Government of Aland
Ålands regering
regional government of the Aland Islands, an archipelago province at the entrance to the Gulf of Bothnia in the Baltic Sea belonging to Finland
The Aland Islands are governed according to the Act on the Autonomy of Aland and international treaties. These laws guarantee the islands' autonomy from Finland, which has ultimate sovereignty over them, as well as a demilitarised status. The Government of Aland answers to the Parliament of Aland, in accordance with the principles of parliamentarism.
Government of Iceland
Ríkisstjórn Íslands
unitary parliamentary republic and representative democracy, that is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic
Government of the Kingdom of Denmark
Kongeriget Danmarks regering
unitary constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, with the monarch as the official head of government, that includes the southernmost of the Scandinavian countries, consisting of a peninsula, Jutland, and an archipelago of 443 named islands
Danish government
Danmarks regering
Government of the Kingdom of Norway
Kongeriket Norges regjering
unitary constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, wherein the monarch is the head of state and the prime minister is the head of government, whose mainland comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula and includes the remote island of Jan Mayen as well as the archipelago of Svalbard
Government of the Kingdom of Sweden
Konungariket Sveriges regering
constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, with a largely ceremonial and representative monarch as head of state, located in Scandinavia between the North Atlantic, the Baltic Sea and Eurasian Russia
Eesti Vabariigi valitsus
Government of the Republic of Estonia
democratic unitary parliamentary republic divided into fifteen counties, located on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe
Government of the Republic of Finland
Suomen tasavallan hallitus
parliamentary republic within the framework of a representative democracy comprised of 19 regions and 310 municipalities, located in the Nordic region of Europe
Government of the Republic of Ireland
Rialtas Phoblacht na hÉireann
parliamentary, representative democratic republic, based on the British model, that is an independent state and member of the European Union, which covers five-sixths of the island of Ireland in the North Atlantic
Government of the Republic of Latvia
Latvijas Republikas valdība
unitary, parliamentary, constitutional republic located in the Baltic region of Northern Europe
Government of the Republic of Lithuania
Lietuvos Respublikos Vyriausybė
unitary semi-presidential republic situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, to the southeast of Sweden and Denmark
Icelandic entity
Íslensk eining
sovereign state and polity that is Iceland
Aonán Éireannach
Irish entity
sovereign state and polity that is Ireland
Danmarks jurisdiktion
jurisdiction of Denmark
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Denmark, a civil law system with some references to Germanic law that was substantially reformed in 2007
Eesti jurisdiktsioon
jurisdiction of Estonia
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Estonia, a civil law legal system based on the Germanic legal model, whose Supreme Court is the court of cassation, which also conducts constitutional review
Suomen lainkäyttövaltaan
jurisdiction of Finland
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Finland, a civil law system divided between courts with regular civil and criminal jurisdiction and administrative courts with jurisdiction over litigation between individuals and the public administration
jurisdiction of Iceland
lögsögu Íslands
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Finland, a three-tier civil law system whose highest court is the Supreme Court of Iceland
dlínse na hÉireann
jurisdiction of Ireland
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Ireland, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Ireland
Latvijas jurisdikcija
jurisdiction of Latvia
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Latvia, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Latvia
Lietuvos jurisdikcija
jurisdiction of Lithuania
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Lithuania, whose highest court is the Constitutional Court (Konstitucinis Teismas), but the general jurisdiction dealing with civil and criminal cases includes the Supreme Court of Lithuania, the Court of Appeal of Lithuania, regional courts, and district courts
jurisdiction of Norway
jurisdiksjon av Norge
jurisdiction of the judiciary system in Norway, a civil law system where laws are created and amended in parliament and the system regulated through the Courts of Justice of Norway
Sveriges jurisdiktion
jurisdiction of Sweden
jurisdiction of the judiciary system in Sweden, which is part of the Ministry of Justice, whose courts are divided into two parallel and separate systems - general courts (allmänna domstolar) for criminal and civil cases, and general administrative courts (allmänna förvaltningsdomstolar) for cases relating to disputes between private persons and the authorities
Latvian entity
Latvijas vienība
sovereign state and polity that is Latvia
Lietuvos subjektas
Lithuanian entity
sovereign state and polity that is Lithuania
Norsk enhet
Norwegian entity
sovereign state and polity that is Norway
Svensk enhet
Swedish entity
sovereign state and polity that is Sweden
Albanian entity
Entiteti shqiptar
sovereign state and polity that is Albania
Andorran entity
Entitat andorrana
sovereign state and polity that is Andorra
Bosanskohercegovački entitet
Bosnian and Herzegovinian entity
Босанскохерцеговачки ентитет
federal sovereignty state and polity that is Bosnia and Herzegovina
Croatian entity
Hrvatski entitet
sovereign state and polity that is Croatia
Government of Montenegro
unitary, dominant-party, parliamentary constitutional republic that is located in South and Southeast Europe on the coast of the Balkans
Government of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Vlada Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine
Влада Федерације Босне и Херцеговине
federal parliamentary constitutional republic that is a representative democracy, located in South and Southeast Europe, within the Balkans
Government of the Hellenic Republic
Κυβέρνηση της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας
unitary parliamentary republic, located on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe
Government of the Holy See
Governo della Santa Sede
Imperium in Consiliis Sanctae Sedis
unitary Christian absolute monarchy (under an ecclesiastical and elective theocracy), headquartered in, operates from, and exercises 'exclusive dominion' over the independent Vatican City State enclave in Rome, of which the pope is sovereign, administered by the Roman Curia
Gobierno del Reino de España
Government of the Kingdom of Spain
unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy, whose monarch is the head of state and prime minister is the head of government, located in Southwestern Europe with some pockets of territory across the Strait of Gibraltar and the Atlantic Ocean
Government of the Portuguese Republic
Governo da República Portuguesa
unitary, semi-presidential, constitutional, representative democratic republic, located mostly on the Iberian Peninsula, in southwestern Europe
Govern del Principat d’Andorra
Government of the Principality of Andorra
unitary parliamentary semi-elective diarchy, a sovereign landlocked microstate on the Iberian Peninsula, in the eastern Pyrenees, bordered by France to the north and Spain to the south
Government of the Republic of Albania
Qeveria e Republikës së Shqipërisë
unitary parliamentary constitutional republic, located in Southeast Europe on the Adriatic and Ionian Sea within the Mediterranean Sea
Government of the Republic of Croatia
Vlada Republike Hrvatske
unitary parliamentary constitutional republic, located in Southeast Europe, bordering Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro to the southeast, sharing a maritime border with Italy
Government of the Republic of Italy
Governo della Repubblica Italiana
unitary parliamentary, constitutional, democratic republic, consisting of a peninsula bordering the Alps and surrounded by several islands, located in south-central Europe
Government of the Republic of Malta
unitary parliamentary constitutional republic modelled on the Westminster system that is a Southern European island country consisting of an archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea
Government of the Republic of North Macedonia
Влада на Република Северна Македонија
unitary parliamentary, constitutional, democratic republic, located in the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe
Government of the Republic of San Marino
Governo della Repubblica di San Marino
unitary parliamentary, diarchic, directorial republic that is a microstate in Southern Europe, completely surrounded by Italy, located on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains
Government of the Republic of Serbia
Влада Републике Србије
unitary, dominant-party, parliamentary constitutional republic that is situated at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe in the southern Pannonian Plain and the central Balkans
Government of the Republic of Slovenia
Vlada Republike Slovenije
unitary, parliamentary constitutional republic bordered by Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the southeast, and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest
Greek entity
Ελληνική οντότητα
sovereign state and polity that is Greece
Entità della Santa Sede
Holy See entity
sovereign state and polity that is the Holy See
Ente italiano
Italian entity
sovereign state and polity that is Italy
juridiksioni i Shqipërisë
jurisdiction of Albania
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Albania, a system of courts that includes the supreme court, constitutional court, appeal court and administrative court, and whose Supreme Court of the Republic of Albania is the highest court and is the final court of appeal
jurisdicció d’Andorra
jurisdiction of Andorra
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Andorra, composed of the Magistrates Court, the Criminal Law Court, the High Court of Andorra, and the Constitutional Court
jurisdiction of Bosnia and Herzegovina
nadležnost Bosne i Hercegovine
надлежност Босне и Херцеговине
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Bosnia and Herzegovina, whose Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina is the supreme, final arbiter of legal matters
jurisdiction of Croatia
nadležnost Hrvatske
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Croatia, a civil law legal system in which law arises primarily from written statutes, influenced by German and Austrian legal systems, whose national courts include the Constitutional Court, which oversees violations of the Constitution, and the Supreme Court, which is the highest court of appeal
jurisdiction of Greece
δικαιοδοσία της Ελλάδας
jurisdiction of the judiciary of the Hellenic Republic, whose supreme courts include the Court of Cassation, the Council of State and the Court of Auditors
giurisdizione dell'Italia
jurisdiction of Italy
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Italy, a system of courts that is based on Roman law modified by the Napoleonic code and later statutes, comprising the Supreme Court of Cassation, the highest court in Italy for both criminal and civil appeal cases, and the Constitutional Court of Italy (Corte Costituzionale)
jurisdiction of Malta
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Malta, which is based partially on English law and partly on Continental law, that interprets and applies the laws of Malta to ensure equal justice under law, and to provide a mechanism for dispute resolution
jurisdiction of Montenegro
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Montenegro, that interprets and applies the laws of Montenegro, and has been working with the European Union over the last several years to increase judicial independence and accountability
jurisdiction of North Macedonia
јурисдикција на Северна Македонија
jurisdiction of the judiciary of North Macedonia, an independent judicial branch that includes a constitutional court
jurisdiction of Portugal
jurisdição de portugal
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Portugal, a system of courts that together constitute one of the four organs of Sovereignty as defined by the Portuguese Constitution
giurisdizione di San Marino
jurisdiction of San Marino
jurisdiction of the judiciary of San Marino, including the Council of Twelve, which forms the judicial branch during the period of legislature of the Council
jurisdiction of Serbia
надлежност Србије
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Serbia, a three-tiered judicial system that includes the Supreme Court of Cassation as the court of the last resort, Courts of Appeal as the appellate instance, and Basic and High courts as the general jurisdictions at first instance
jurisdiction of Slovenia
pristojnost Slovenije
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Slovenia, a system of courts with general responsibilities and specialised courts that deal with matters relating to specific legal areas, including a Constitutional Court at the highest level
jurisdicción de España
jurisdiction of Spain
jurisdiction of judiciary of Spain, a system of courts that includes senior judges - the President and judges of the Constitutional Court (the highest tribunal in the Kingdom) - that interprets and applies the law in Spain
giurisdizione della Santa Sede
ius proprium Sanctae Sedis
jurisdiction of the Holy See
jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome, known as the pope, which includes the apostolic episcopal see of the Diocese of Rome with universal ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the worldwide Catholic Church, as well as a sovereign entity of international law, governing the Vatican City
Maltese entity
sovereign state and polity that is Malta
Montenegrin entity
sovereign state and polity that is Montenegro
North Macedonian entity
Северномакедонски субјект
sovereign state and polity that is North Macedonia
Entidade portuguesa
Portuguese entity
sovereign state and polity that is Portugal
Ente sammarinese
Sammarinese entity
sovereign state and polity that is San Marino
Serbian entity
Српски ентитет
sovereign state and polity that is Serbia
Slovene entity
Slovenska entiteta
sovereign state and polity that is Slovenia
Entidad española
Spanish entity
sovereign state and polity that is Spain
jurisdiction of the Courts of England and Wales
Gouvèrnément d'Guernési
Government of Guernsey
parliamentary representative democracy that is the central government of the Bailiwick of Guernsey, a self-governing dependency of the United Kingdom and one of the British Channel Islands off the coast of Normandy
Gouvèrnément d'Jèrri
Government of Jersey
central government of the Bailiwick of Jersey, a self-governing dependency of the United Kingdom that is the largest of the Channel Islands between England and France
Government of Scotland
Riaghaltas na h-Alba
Government of the Isle of Man
central government of the Isle of Man, a self-governing British Crown dependency in the Irish Sea between England and Ireland
constitutional monarchy that is the government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, including the monarch, who is the head of state and sovereign, prime minister, who is the head of government, and cabinet, parliament (House of Lords and House of Commons), and other agencies and institutions that comprise the government
regional sovereignty and polity that is the Bailiwick of Guernsey
regional sovereignty and polity that is the Isle of Man
regional sovereignty and polity that is the Bailiwick of Jersey
jurisdiction of the bailiwick judiciary of Guernsey, headed by its Bailiff, which is derived from a combination of Norman Customary Law and principles taken from English common law and Equity, as well as from statute law enacted by the competent legislature(s)
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Jersey, headed by is the Bailiff, who as well as performing the judicial functions of a chief justice is also the President (presiding officer) of the States of Jersey and has certain civic, ceremonial and executive functions
jurisdiction of the judiciary of the Isle of Man, including the High Court of Justice of the Isle of Man, consisting of a Civil Division and an appeal division, called the Staff of Government Division
Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru
National Assembly for Wales
Senedd
Welsh Assembly
Northern Ireland Assembly
Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann
Northern Ireland entity
regional devolved sovereignty that is Northern Ireland
jurisdiction of the Courts of Northern Ireland
Scotland entity
regional devolved sovereignty that is Scotland
jurisdiction of the Supreme Courts of Scotland
federated sovereignty and polity that is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom, the tribunal system, including the Asylum and Immigration Tribunal and the Special Immigration Appeals Commission, Employment tribunals and the Employment Appeal Tribunal
Note that the Courts of the United Kingdom are separated into three separate jurisdictions, the Courts of England and Wales, Courts of Scotland and the Courts of Northern Ireland, as the United Kingdom does not have a single unified judicial system, aside from the courts specifically identified in the definition of this individual.
Welsh entity
regional devolved sovereignty that is Wales
federated sovereignty and polity that is Austria
federated sovereignty and polity that is Belgium
sovereign state and polity that is France
federated sovereignty and polity that is Germany
Bundesrepublik Deutschland
Government of the Federal Republic of Germany
democratic, federal parliamentary republic led by a chancellor, where federal legislative power is vested in the parliament, consisting of the Bundestag and the Bundesrat
Gouvernement de la République française
Government of the French Republic
unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic, built on strong representative democratic roots, based on the Constitution of the Fifth Republic which was approved in 1958
Government of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
representative democracy that is a unitary, parliamentary constitutional monarchy, headed by the Grand Duke, which is the world's only remaining sovereign grand duchy
Government of the Kingdom of Belgium
federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy, whose head of state is the king, though with limited prerogatives
Government of the Netherlands
Rijksoverheid
parliamentary constitutional monarchy with a unitary structure, with its monarch as head of state
Government of the Principality of Liechtenstein
semi-constitutional monarchy headed by the Prince of Liechtenstein, with an elected parliament that enacts the law, as well as being a direct democracy, where voters can propose and enact constitutional amendments and legislation independently of the legislature
Government of the Principality of Monaco
constitutional monarchy with the Sovereign Prince of Monaco as head of state, and a Minister of State as the head of government, who presides over a five-member Council of Government
Government of the Republic of Austria
federal, representative democratic republic, with nine states, whose head of state is the Federal President (Bundespräsident), and head of the federal government is the Federal Chancellor (Bundeskanzler)
federal semi-direct democracy under a multi-party presidential directorial republic, which represents a confederation of 26 cantons and communes with executive, legislative and judiciary branches
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Austria (österreichische Justiz), consisting of general courts (ordentliche Gerichte) and courts of public law (Gerichte öffentlichen Rechts)
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Belgium, which is based on civil law and originates from the Napoleonic code, including the Court of Cassation and the courts of appeal, one level below
jurisdiction of the judiciary of France, which is part of the Ministry of Justice based on a civil legal system, headed by the Court of Cassation and Council of State
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Germany, whose civil law system is based on Roman law with some references to early Germanic law, headed by the Bundesverfassungsgericht (German supreme court) responsible for constitutional matters
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Liechtenstein, the system of courts and tribunals which interpret and apply the law in Liechtenstein, including the Regional Court at Vaduz, the Princely High Court of Appeal at Vaduz, the Princely Supreme Court, the Administrative Court, and the State Court
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Luxembourg, the system of courts and tribunals which interpret and apply the law in Luxembourg, including three lower tribunals (justices de paix; in Esch-sur-Alzette, the city of Luxembourg, and Diekirch), two district tribunals (Luxembourg and Diekirch), and a Superior Court of Justice (Luxembourg), which includes the Court of Appeal and the Court of Cassation
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Monaco, the system of courts and tribunals which interpret and apply the law in Monaco, including the Monegasque Supreme Court, one of the highest courts of law in the city-state of Monaco for judicial appeals as well as ensuring the constitution of Monaco is upheld
jurisdiction of the Federal Supreme Court, Federal Criminal Court, Federal Administrative Court, and the Federal Patent Court representing the judiciary branch at the federal level in Switzerland
jurisdiction of the judiciary of the Netherlands, the system of courts which interprets and applies the law in the Netherlands
sovereign state and polity that is Liechtenstein
sovereign state and polity that is Luxembourg
sovereign state and polity that is Monaco
sovereign state and polity that is the Netherlands
federated sovereignty and polity that is Switzerland
division of the government of a state, with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility so that the powers of one branch are not in conflict with the powers associated with the other branches
government and the politicians that that run a subnational territory with powers that may be temporary and reversible, ultimately residing with the central government
the branch of government that is authorized and responsible for the daily administration of the government
The executive branch executes and enforces the law.
union of states under a central government distinct from the individual governments of the separate states
A federation is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing states or regions under a central (federal) government. In a federation, the self-governing status of the component states, as well as the division of power between them and the central government, are typically constitutionally entrenched and may not be altered by a unilateral decision of either party, the states or the federal political body.
polity characterized by a union of partially self-governing states or regions under a central (federal) government
The federated sovereignty is the legal entity that can incur debt for a federal government, as distinct from the Federal government.
system by which a state or community is controlled
In the Commonwealth of Nations, the word government is also used more narrowly to refer to the collective group of people that exercises executive authority in a state. This usage is analogous to what is called an 'administration' in American English. Furthermore, especially in American English, the concepts of the state and the government may be used synonymously to refer to the person or group of people exercising authority over a politically organized territory.
permanent or semi-permanent organization, often an appointed commission, in the machinery of government that is responsible for the oversight and administration of specific functions
There is a notable variety of agency types. Although usage differs, a government agency is normally distinct both from a department or ministry, and other types of public body established by government. The functions of an agency are normally executive in character, since different types of organizations (such as commissions) are most often constituted in an advisory role; this distinction is often blurred in practice however.
individual designated by government decree to lead, or participate in some capacity in a government body
formal organization that is an agency, instrumentality, or other body of a supranational, national, federal, state, or local government, including certain multijurisdictional agencies and departments that carry out the business of government
Identifying government bodies is a pre-requisite for identifying government officials. This information is needed to help ensure compliance with applicable laws relating to bribery or corruption, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), the UK Bribery Act 2010 (UKBA), the U.S. Bank Bribery Act (Bribery Act), and other anti-bribery and corruption laws in the jurisdictions where financial institutions conduct business.
specialized organization responsible for a sector of government public administration
government official that is an executive, who is either appointed or elected to a high office in the government
Minister of Finance, Secretary of State, Attorney General of California
person elected or appointed to administer some aspect of a government
organization that serves a public purpose and is closely tied to a government, but is not a government agency
An instrumentality is a non-governmental agency that acts independently but whose obligations are backed by a government because of its role in providing a public service. Many instrumentalities are private companies, and some are chartered directly by government. Instrumentalities are subject to a unique set of laws that shape their activities. Certain organizations, such as Sallie Mae in the United States, may be considered instrumentalities from some perspectives but not others. Sallie Mae's status was changed in 2004, when it was privatized, and since that time it is no longer considered a government-sponsored enterprise (GSE).
branch of government that comprises the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in the name of the supranational, national, federal, or regional government, depending on its jurisdiction
The judiciary also provides a mechanism for the resolution of disputes. Under the doctrine of the separation of powers, the judiciary generally does not make law (that is, in a plenary fashion, which is the responsibility of the legislature) or enforce law (which is the responsibility of the executive), but rather interprets law and applies it to the facts of each case.
the law-making body of a political unit, usually a national government, that has power to enact, amend, and repeal public policy
Laws enacted by legislatures are known as legislation. Legislatures observe and steer governing actions and usually have exclusive authority to amend the budget or budgets involved in the process.
polity that typically represents a city, township, or other administrative subdivision having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction
Municipal entity in the sense of a legal entity, that is, what it is that incurs debt for a municipality, as distinct from the Municipal government. A municipal entity has a Government which sets laws applicable within the geographical area corresponding to its jurisdiction.
regional government of a city, township, or other administrative subdivision
government and the politicians that that run a country as a whole (as opposed to local government)
legal person that is a supranational entity, crown, state, or subordinate civil authority, such as a province, prefecture, county, municipality, city, or district representing the people of that entity
administrative body for a geographic area, such as a county, smaller town, or other similar community
A local government will typically only have control over their specific geographical region, and cannot pass or enforce laws that will affect a wider area. Local governments can elect officials, enact taxes, and do many other things that a national government would do, just on a smaller scale.
legal person that corresponds to an administrative division, administrative unit, administrative entity or country subdivision (or, sometimes, geopolitical division or subnational entity), that has the capacity to incur debt, issue contracts, and enter into relations with other similar entities
A country may be divided into provinces, which, in turn, are divided into counties, which, in turn, may be divided in whole or in part into municipalities; and so on.
non-physical juridical entity that is represented by one centralized government that has sovereignty over a geographic area
A legal entity that is represented by one centralized government, has a permanent population, defined territory, and the capacity to enter into relations with other sovereign states.
governmental or non-governmental entity that is established by international law or treaty or incorporated at an international level
ISO 20275:2017, Financial services - Entity legal forms (ELF), First Edition, July 2017.
Kiljunen, Kimmo (2004). The European Constitution in the Making. Centre for European Policy Studies. pp. 21-26. ISBN 978-92-9079-493-6
A supranational union is a supranational polity which lies somewhere between a confederation that is an association of states and a federation that is a state. Unlike states in a federal super-state, member states retain ultimate sovereignty, although some sovereignty is shared with, or ceded to, the supranational body.
designation for geographic region administered by a group of indigenous people rather than by a sovereign state or regional governmental entity
legal entity that represents fundamental unit of sovereign tribal (indigenous) government
Any indigenous group or community which is recognized as having rights and obligations independent of the central government.
government representing a group of indigenous people that has legal authority to govern those people, including authority to legislate the existence of tribal entities
relates a polity to a geopolitical entity where the polity has absolute, supreme and ultimate dominion and authority of a political state subject to no higher power, expressed within its territory in full self-government and in complete freedom from any outside influence
relates a polity to a geopolitical entity where the polity exercises shared dominion and authority of a political state
relates a polity to a geopolitical entity where the polity exercises dominion and authority of a political state
identifies an official or government chosen to hold office by voting
relates an instrumentality of some government to the government that it supports
relates a system of governance to its chosen representatives
sovereign state and polity that is a Caribbean country located on the northeastern coast of Central America
sovereign state and polity that is a Central American country bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, and Ecuador to the south of Cocos Island
Government of Belize
unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy, with the queen (Elizabeth II) as head of state represented locally by a governor-general
Government of the Republic of Costa Rica
República de Costa Rica
unitary presidential constitutional republic known for its long-standing and stable democracy
Government of the Republic of El Salvador
República de El Salvador
Unitary presidential, constitutional and representative democratic republic whose president is both head of state and head of government
Government of the Republic of Guatemala
República de Guatemala
unitary presidential and democratic republic that is the most populous country in Central America
Government of the Republic of Honduras
República de Honduras
presidential representative democratic republic whose president is both head of state and head of government
Government of the Republic of Nicaragua
República de Nicaragua
Unitary dominant-party presidential constitutional republic whose president is both head of state and head of government
Government of the Republic of Panama
República de Panamá
sovereign state and polity that is a Central American country bordered by Mexico to the north and west, Belize and the Caribbean to the northeast, Honduras to the east, El Salvador to the southeast and the Pacific Ocean to the south
sovereign state and polity that is a Central American country bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Ocean at the Gulf of Fonseca, and to the north by the Gulf of Honduras, a large inlet of the Caribbean Sea
jurisdiction of the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals in Belize, with the Caribbean Court of Justice as the highest level of appeal for certain cases
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Costa Rica, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Costa Rica
jurisdiction of the Salvadorian judiciary, headed by the Supreme Court, which is composed of 15 judges, one of them being elected as President of the Judiciary
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Guatemala, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Guatemala
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Honduras, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Honduras
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Nicaragua, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Nicaragua
jurisdiction of the Panamanian judiciary, which is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Panama
sovereign state and polity that is the largest country in the Central American isthmus, bordered by Honduras to the northwest, the Caribbean to the east, Costa Rica to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest
sovereign state and polity that is a transcontinental country in Central America and South America, bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the south
sovereign state and polity that is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south by the Pacific Ocean
federated sovereignty and polity that is located in the southern half of South America, bordered by Bolivia and Paraguay to the north, Brazil to the northeast, Uruguay and the South Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Drake Passage to the south
sovereign state and polity that is a landlocked country located in western-central South America
federated sovereignty and polity that is the largest country in both South America and Latin America
sovereign state and polity that occupies a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west, and borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south
sovereign state and polity that is a transcontinental country largely in the north of South America, bounded on the north by the Caribbean Sea, the northwest by Panama, the south by Ecuador and Peru, the east by Venezuela, the southeast by Brazil, and the west by the Pacific Ocean
sovereign state and polity that is located in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west
Government of the Argentine Republic
República Argentina
federal presidential constitutional republic and representative democracy whose president is both head of state and head of government
Government of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
República Bolivariana de Venezuela
federal dominant-party presidential constitutional republic, whose president is both head of state and head of government
Government of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana
unitary presidential constitutional republic and representative democracy, whose president is both head of state and head of government
Government of the Federative Republic of Brazil
República Federativa do Brasil
democratic federative republic, with a presidential system, whose president is both head of state and head of government
Government of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay
República Oriental del Uruguay
República Oriental do Uruguai
Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia
Government of the Plurinational State of Bolivia
Unitary presidential constitutional republic and representative democracy whose president is both head of state and head of government
Government of the Republic of Chile
República de Chile
Government of the Republic of Colombia
República de Colombia
Government of the Republic of Ecuador
República del Ecuador
Government of the Republic of Paraguay
República del Paraguay
unitary dominant-party presidential republic and representative democracy, whose president is both head of state and head of government
Government of the Republic of Peru
República del Perú
Government of the Republic of Suriname
Republiek Suriname
unitary republic and representative democracy, whose president is both head of state and head of government
sovereign state and polity that is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north, Brazil to the south and southwest, Venezuela to the west, and Suriname to the east
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Argentina, which is the system of courts, including the Supreme Court and lower federal courts, that interprets and applies the law in Argentina
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Bolivia, including the Supreme Court of Justice, the Plurinational Constitutional Court, the Judiciary Council, Agrarian and Environmental Court, and District (departmental) and lower courts that interpret and apply the law in Bolivia
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Brazil, which is the system of courts, including the Federal Supreme Court and Federal District Courts, that interprets and applies the law in Brazil
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Chile, which is the system of courts, including a court of appeal, a system of military courts, a constitutional tribunal, and the Supreme Court of Chile, that interprets and applies the law in Chile
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Colombia, which is the system of courts, including the Supreme Court which deals with penal and civil matters, the Council of State, which has special responsibility for administrative law and also provides legal advice to the executive, the Constitutional Court, responsible for assuring the integrity of the Colombian constitution, and the Superior Council of Judicature, responsible for auditing the judicial branch, that interprets and applies the law in Colombia
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Ecuador, which is the system of courts, including as its main body the Judicial Council, and also includes the National Court of Justice, provincial courts, and lower courts, that interprets and applies the law in Ecuador
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Guyana, which is the system of courts, including the Supreme Court of Guyana, that interprets and applies the law in Guyana
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Paraguay, which is the system of courts, including tribunals and Courts of Civil Law and a nine-member Supreme Court of Justice, that interprets and applies the law in Paraguay
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Peru, which is the system of courts, including the Supreme Court of Peru, also known as the Royal Audencia of Lima, that interprets and applies the law in Peru
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Suriname, which is the system of courts, headed by the High Court of Justice of Suriname (Supreme Court), that interprets and applies the law in Suriname
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Uruguay, which is the system of courts, including the Supreme Court, the bench and judges, that interprets and applies the law in Uruguay
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Venezuela, which is the system of courts, including the Venezuelan Supreme Court, that interprets and applies the law in Venezuela
sovereign state and polity that is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest
sovereign state and polity that is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the west by the Pacific Ocean
sovereign state and polity that is located on the northeastern Atlantic coast of South America, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north, French Guiana to the east, Guyana to the west and Brazil to the south
sovereign state and polity that is located in the southeastern region of South America, bordered by Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and east, with the Rio de la Plata (River of Silver) to the south and the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast
sovereign state and polity that is located on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many small islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea
individual representing the federated sovereignty and polity that is Canada
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for Canada
Canada's federal structure divides government responsibilities between the federal government and the ten provinces. Provincial legislatures are unicameral and operate in parliamentary fashion similar to the House of Commons. Canada's three territories also have legislatures, but these are not sovereign and have fewer constitutional responsibilities than the provinces. The territorial legislatures also differ structurally from their provincial counterparts.
individual representing the regional government of the province of Alberta
individual representing the regional government of the province of British Columbia
individual representing the federal parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy of Canada
Canada is a federal parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II being the head of state. The country is officially bilingual at the federal level. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. Its advanced economy is the eleventh largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade networks.
individual representing the regional government of the province of Manitoba
individual representing the regional government of the province of New Brunswick
individual representing the regional government of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador
individual representing the regional government of the Northwest Territories
individual representing the regional government of the province of Nova Scotia
individual representing the regional government of Nunavut
individual representing the regional government of the province of Ontario
individual representing the regional government of the province of Prince Edward Island
individual representing the regional government of the province of Quebec
individual representing the regional government of the province of Saskatchewan
individual representing the regional government of the Yukon territory of Canada
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the Canadian Northwest Territories
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the Courts of the Northwest Territories
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the Canadian territory of Nunavut
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the Courts of Nunavut
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the Canadian Province of Alberta
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the Canadian Province Of Alberta, i.e., that of the Alberta Court of Appeal, Court of Queen's Bench, and Provincial Court of Alberta
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the Canadian Province of British Columbia
province of British Columbia jurisdiction
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the Canadian Province Of British Columbia, i.e., that of the British Columbia Court of Appeal, Supreme Court, and Provincial Court of British Columbia
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the Canadian Province of Manitoba
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the Canadian Province Of Manitoba, i.e., that of the Manitoba Court of Appeal, Court of Queen's Bench, and Provincial Court of Manitoba
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the Canadian Province of New Brunswick
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the Canadian Province Of New Brunswick, i.e., that of the New Brunswick Court of Appeal, Court of Queen's Bench, and Provincial Court of New Brunswick
Province of Newfoundland and Labrador entity
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the Canadian Province of Newfoundland and Labrador
province of Newfoundland and Labrador jurisdiction
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the Canadian Province Of Newfoundland and Labrador, i.e., that of the Newfoundland and Labrador Supreme and Provincial Courts
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the Canadian Province of Nova Scotia
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the Canadian Province Of Nova Scotia, i.e., that of the Nova Scotia Supreme and Provincial Courts and Court of Appeals
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the Canadian Province of Ontario
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the Canadian Province Of Ontario, i.e., that of the Ontario Superior and Provincial Court of Justice as well as Court of Appeals
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the Canadian Province of Prince Edward Island
province of Prince Edward Island jurisdiction
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the Canadian Province Of Prince Edward Island, i.e., that of the Prince Edward Island Court of Appeal, as well as the Supreme and Provincial Courts of Prince Edward Island
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the Canadian Province of Quebec
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the Canadian Province Of Quebec, i.e., that of the Quebec Court of Appeal, and the Supreme and Provincial Courts of Quebec
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the Canadian Province of Saskatchewan
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the Canadian Province Of Saskatchewan, i.e., that of the Saskatchewan Court of Appeal, Court of Queen's Bench, and Provincial Court of Saskatchewan
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the Canadian Yukon territory
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the Courts of Yukon
sovereign state and polity that consists of two major islands, Antigua and Barbuda (separated by 39 miles), and a number of smaller islands in the middle of the Leeward Islands, that is part of the Lesser Antilles
sovereign state and polity that is The Bahamas
sovereign state and polity that is Barbados
regional sovereignty and polity that is Bermuda
regional sovereignty and polity that is the Cayman Islands
soverign state and polity that is Dominica
soverign state and polity that is the Dominican Republic
Government of Antigua and Barbuda
Government of Barbados
unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy, modeled on the British Westminster system, with the Queen of Barbados (Elizabeth II) as head of state, represented locally by a governor-general
Government of Bermuda
parliamentary representative democratic dependency and a British island territory in the North Atlantic Ocean
Government of Grenada
unitary two-party parliamentary constitutional monarchy that is a Commonwealth realm with Queen Elizabeth II as head of state, represented locally by a governor-general, located in the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea at the southern end of the Grenadines island chain
Government of Jamaica
parliamentary constitutional monarchy with legislative power vested in the bicameral Parliament of Jamaica, consisting of an appointed Senate and a directly elected House of Representatives, and an independent member of the British Commonwealth, situated in the Caribbean Sea
Government of Saint Lucia
unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy that is a Commonwealth realm with Queen Elizabeth II as head of state, represented locally by a governor-general, located in the West Indies in the eastern Caribbean Sea on the boundary with the Atlantic Ocean
Government of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy, with the Queen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (Elizabeth II) as head of state represented locally by a governor-general, an Anglo-Caribbean country of several islands in the Lesser Antilles island arc, in the southeast Windward Islands, which lies in the West Indies at the southern end of the eastern border of the Caribbean Sea where the latter meets the Atlantic Ocean
Government of the Cayman Islands
parliamentary democracy with judicial, executive and legislative branches, and a British Overseas Territory, encompassing 3 islands in the western Caribbean Sea
Government of the Commonwealth of Dominica
unitary parliamentary democracy that is an independent republic and member of the Commonwealth of Nations, one of few republics in the Caribbean
Government of the Commonwealth of the Bahamas
parliamentary constitutional monarchy, with the queen of the Bahamas (Elizabeth II) as head of state represented locally by a governor-general
Government of the the Dominican Republic
unitary presidential republic that occupies the eastern five-eighths of the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago, which it shares with Haiti
Government of the Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis
federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy that is a Commonwealth realm with the Queen of Saint Christopher and Nevis (Queen Elizabeth II) as head of state, represented locally by a governor-general, located in the Leeward Islands chain of the Lesser Antilles
Gobierno de la República de Cuba
Government of the Republic of Cuba
unitary Marxist-Leninist, one party socialist republic that includes the island of Cuba as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos
Gouvernement de la République d'Haïti
Government of the Republic of Haiti
unitary semi-presidential republic located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago
Government of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
unitary parliamentary constitutional republic with a two-party system and a bicameral parliamentary system based on the Westminster System, that is the southernmost island country in the Caribbean
soverign state and polity that is Grenada
soverign state and polity that is Jamaica
jurisdiction of the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court of Justice, including the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC), which is the highest court of appeal for certain British territories, some Commonwealth countries and a few UK bodies
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Barbados, an independent branch of the Barbadian government, subject only to the Barbadian Constitution, including the Magistrates' Court, Supreme Court, and Caribbean Court of Justice
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Bermuda, including the Magistrates' Court, Supreme Court, Court of Appeal, and Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC), which is the highest court of appeal for certain British territories, some Commonwealth countries and a few UK bodies
jurisdicción de la República de Cuba
jurisdiction of Cuba
jurisdiction of the judiciary of the Republic of Cuba, including the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Cuba
jurisdiction of the judiciary of the Commonwealth of Dominica, which is a member of the International Criminal Court, with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection with the US military, as covered under Article 98
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Grenada, which is part of the Eastern Caribbean States Supreme Court with an associate judge residing in Grenada
juridiction de la République d'Haïti
jurisdiction of Haiti
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Haiti, whose highest court is the Cour de Cassation, assisted by local and civil courts at a communal level
the jurisdiction of the judiciary of Jamaica, a system based on English common law and local statutes, including the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC), which is the highest court of appeal for certain British territories, some Commonwealth countries and a few UK bodies
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Saint Lucia, a mixed judicial system based on on both the civil law and English common law
jurisdiction of the Federation of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, which is divided into district courts, the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court and the Privy Council in London being the court of last resort
jurisdiction of the judiciary of the Cayman Islands, a four-tiered judicial system is based on English common law, colonial and local statutes, including the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC), which is the highest court of appeal for certain British territories, some Commonwealth countries and a few UK bodies
jurisdiction of the Commonwealth of the Bahamas
jurisdiction of the judiciary of the Bahamas, a judicial system based on English common law and local statutes, including the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC), which is the highest court of appeal for certain British territories, some Commonwealth countries and a few UK bodies, and which considered a safe jurisdiction as an International Financial Center (IFC), with a legal framework that is in compliance with the standards set by Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
jurisdiction of the judiciary of the Dominican Republic, whose highest court is the Supreme Court of Justice, composed of 16 judges appointed by the National Council of Magistrates, an entity created by the constitutional reform of 1994 to ensure the independence of the Judicial Branch
jurisdiction of the Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Saint Kitts and Nevis, a mixed judicial system based on on both the civil law and English common law
jurisdiction of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
jurisdiction of the judiciary of Trinidad and Tobago, a hierarchical system comprising a Supreme Court of Judicature, a Magistracy and a Family Court, with final appeal on some matters decided by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC)
soverign state and polity that is the Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis
soverign state and polity that is Saint Lucia
soverign state and polity that is Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (or simply Saint Vincent)
soverign state and polity that is the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
Federal Government of Mexico
Gobierno Federal de México
federal presidential constitutional republic with shared sovereignty over the republic with the governments of the 31 individual Mexican states, which functions per the Constitution of the United Mexican States
Gobierno de la República
federated sovereignty and polity that is Mexico
jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation, including the system of courts that interprets and applies the law at the federal level in Mexico
The Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation (SCJN) is the Mexican institution serving as the country's federal high court and the spearhead organisation for the judiciary of the Mexican Federal Government. It consists of eleven magistrates, known as ministers of the court, one of whom is designated the court's president.
individual representing the unincorporated territory and polity of the United States located in the South Pacific Ocean, known as American Samoa
American Samoa consists of five main islands and two coral atolls. The largest and most populous island is Tutuila, with the Manu'a Islands, Rose Atoll, and Swains Island also included in the territory. American Samoa is part of the Samoan Islands chain, located west of the Cook Islands, north of Tonga, and some 300 miles (500 km) south of Tokelau.
individual representing the jurisdiction of the US territory of American Samoa
individual representing the unincorporated territory and polity for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands entity
individual representing the unincorporated territory and polity for the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
individual representing the federal district and polity that is the US District of Columbia, also known as 'Washington, D.C.', 'Washington', 'the District', and 'D.C.', that is, the capital of the United States
individual representing the government of the US District of Columbia, also known as Washington, D.C.
individual representing the jurisdiction of the US District of Columbia, also known as Washington, D.C.
Article One, Section Eight of the United States Constitution grants the U.S. Congress 'exclusive jurisdiction' over the city. The District did not have an elected local government until the passage of the 1973 Home Rule Act. The Act devolved certain Congressional powers to an elected mayor and the thirteen-member Council of the District of Columbia. However, Congress retains the right to review and overturn laws created by the council and intervene in local affairs. Jurisdiction is shared among numerous federal agencies, the attorney general for the District, and Congress today. Actions requiring litigation in court may be addressed in the District of Columbia Superior Court or Court of Appeals, or in Federal Court, depending on the issue.
individual representing the government of the US territory of American Samoa
individual representing the government of the US territory of Guam
government of the Northern Mariana Islands
individual representing the government of the US territory of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
individual representing the government of the US territory of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
individual representing the government of the US territory of the Virgin Islands
individual representing the unincorporated territory and polity for the island of Guam
individual representing the jurisdiction of the US territory of Guam
individual representing the jurisdiction of the US territory of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
individual representing the jurisdiction of the US territory of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Alabama
individual representing the regional government of the State of Alabama
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Alabama, i.e., that of the Supreme Court of Alabama and Alabama's Unified Judicial System
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Alaska
individual representing the regional government of the State of Alaska
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Alaska, i.e., that of the Alaska Supreme Court and Alaska Court System
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Arizona
individual representing the regional government of the State of Arizona
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Arizona, i.e., that of the Arizona Supreme Court and Arizona Judicial System
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Arkansas
individual representing the regional government of the State of Arkansas
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Arkansas, i.e., that of the Arkansas Supreme Court and Judiciary System
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of California
individual representing the regional government of the State of California
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of California, i.e., that of the California Supreme Court and Judiciary of California
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Colorado
individual representing the regional government of the State of Colorado
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Colorado, i.e., that of the Colorado Supreme Court and Colorado Judicial System
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Connecticut
individual representing the regional government of the State of Connecticut
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Connecticut, i.e., that of the Connecticut Supreme Court and State of Connecticut Judicial System
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Delaware
individual representing the regional government of the State of Delaware
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Delaware, i.e., that of the Delaware Supreme Court, Court of Chancery, and Judiciary System
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Florida
individual representing the regional government of the State of Florida
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Florida, i.e., that of the Florida Supreme Court and State Courts System of Florida
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Georgia
individual representing the regional government of the State of Georgia
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Georgia, i.e., that of the Supreme Court of Georgia and Judiciary System
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Hawai'i
individual representing the regional government of the State of Hawai'i
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Hawai'i, i.e., that of the Hawai'i Supreme Court and Hawai'i State Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Idaho
individual representing the regional government of the State of Idaho
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Idaho, i.e., that of the Idaho Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Illinois
individual representing the regional government of the State of Illinois
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Illinois, i.e., that of the Illinois Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Indiana
individual representing the regional government of the State of Indiana
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Indiana, i.e., that of the Indiana Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Iowa
individual representing the regional government of the State of Iowa
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Iowa, i.e., that of the Iowa Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Kansas
individual representing the regional government of the State of Kansas
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Kansas, i.e., that of the Kansas Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Kentucky
individual representing the regional government of the State of Kentucky
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Kansas, i.e., that of the Kentucky Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Louisiana
individual representing the regional government of the State of Louisiana
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Louisiana, i.e., that of the Louisiana Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Maine
individual representing the regional government of the State of Maine
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Maine, i.e., that of the Maine Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Maryland
individual representing the regional government of the State of Maryland
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Maryland, i.e., that of the Maryland Court of Appeals and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of (Commonwealth of) Massachusetts
individual representing the regional government of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of (Commonwealth of) Massachusetts, i.e., that of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Michigan
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Michigan
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Michigan, i.e., that of the Michigan Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Minnesota
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Minnesota
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Minnesota, i.e., that of the Minnesota Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Mississippi
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Mississippi
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Mississippi, i.e., that of the Mississippi Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Missouri
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Missouri
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Missouri, i.e., that of the Missouri Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Montana
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Montana
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Montana, i.e., that of the Montana Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Nebraska
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Nebraska
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Nebraska, i.e., that of the Nebraska Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Nevada
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Nevada
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Nevada, i.e., that of the Nevada Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of New Hampshire
individual representing the regional government of the US State of New Hampshire
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of New Hampshire, i.e., that of the New Hampshire Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of New Jersey
individual representing the regional government of the US State of New Jersey
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of New Jersey, i.e., that of the New Jersey Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of New Mexico
individual representing the regional government of the US State of New Mexico
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of New Mexico, i.e., that of the New Mexico Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of New York
individual representing the regional government of the US State of New York
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of New York, i.e., that of the New York Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of North Carolina
individual representing the regional government of the US State of North Carolina
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of North Carolina, i.e., that of the North Carolina Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of North Dakota
individual representing the regional government of the US State of North Dakota
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of North Dakota, i.e., that of the North Dakota Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Ohio
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Ohio
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Ohio, i.e., that of the Ohio Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Oklahoma
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Oklahoma
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Oklahoma, i.e., that of the Oklahoma Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Oregon
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Oregon
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Oregon, i.e., that of the Oregon Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Pennsylvania
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Pennsylvania
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Pennsylvania, i.e., that of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court and Judiciary
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania jurisdiction
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Rhode Island
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Rhode Island
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Rhode Island, i.e., that of the Rhode Island Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of South Carolina
individual representing the regional government of the US State of South Carolina
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of South Carolina, i.e., that of the South Carolina Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of South Dakota
individual representing the regional government of the US State of South Dakota
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of South Dakota, i.e., that of the South Dakota Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Tennessee
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Tennessee
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Tennessee, i.e., that of the Tennessee Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Texas
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Texas
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Texas, i.e., that of the Texas Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Utah
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Utah
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Utah, i.e., that of the Utah Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Vermont
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Vermont
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Vermont, i.e., that of the Vermont Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Virginia
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Virginia
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Virginia, i.e., that of the Virginia Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Washington
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Washington
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Washington, i.e., that of the Washington Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of West Virginia
individual representing the regional government of the US State of West Virginia
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of West Virginia, i.e., that of the West Virginia Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Wisconsin
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Wisconsin
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Wisconsin, i.e., that of the Wisconsin Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the regional sovereignty and polity that is the US State of Wyoming
individual representing the regional government of the US State of Wyoming
individual representing the overall jurisdiction for the US State of Wyoming, i.e., that of the Wyoming Supreme Court and Judiciary
individual representing the federated sovereignty and polity that is the United States of America
individual representing the federal government of the United States of America
individual representing the federal jurisdiction of the United States of America
The United States of America is a federal republic governed by the U.S. Constitution containing fifty states and a federal district which elect the president, and having other territories and possessions in its national jurisdiction. This government is known as the Union, the United States, or the federal government. Federal jurisdiction refers to the legal scope of the government's powers. Under the Constitution and various treaties, the legal jurisdiction of the United States includes territories and territorial waters.
individual representing the unincorporated territory and polity for the Virgin Islands (USA)
individual representing the jurisdiction of the US territory of the Virgin Islands
not-for-profit corporation set up under specific state legislation, typically to provide some social benefit, without an obligation to maximize shareholder return
This is a US-specific type of non-profit corporation defined in recent legislation in a number of states. In California, for example, benefit corporations may be defined as public benefit or mutual benefit corporations, depending on their purpose.
formal, legally binding agreement between members of the Board of Directors of the organization
not-for-profit corporation set up under specific state legislation as a business entity for homeowners' associations
A common interest development is typically a type of housing, composed of individually owned units, such as condominiums, townhouses, or single-family homes, that share ownership of common areas, such as swimming pools, landscaping, and parking. Common interest developments (also known as community interest developments or CIDs) are managed by homeowners' associations.
corporation
formal organization that is a legal entity (artificial person) distinct from its owners, created under the jurisdiction of the laws of a state or nation
A corporation has three distinguishing characteristics: (1) separation of ownership from management and general liability, i.e., its liability to creditors is limited to its resources, unlike some partnerships and sole proprietorships, (2) the ability to negotiate contracts and own property, and (3) transferable ownership, irrespective of changes in membership or the lifetimes of its stockholders.
A corporation is managed by or under the direction of a board of directors, which generally determines corporate policy. Officers manage the day-to-day affairs of the corporation.
corporation whose objective is to make money, i.e., to ensure realization of a financial benefit such that the amount of revenue gained from a business activity exceeds the expenses, costs and taxes needed to sustain that activity
guarantee that is part of the financial basis by which some legal entity is incorporated
memorandum and articles of association by which some legal entity is established
This may be the issuance of shares, the existence of some agreement, guaranties and so on.
for-profit, unincorporated business that has some characteristics of a corporation and some features of a partnership, with ownership interests represented by shares of stock
1. In the UK, the original (17th century) name for a corporation in which the liability of the owners is limited to the nominal value of the stock (shares) held by them. 2. In the US, a joint stock company is similar to a corporation, but with unlimited liability for the shareholders. Investors in a US joint stock company receive stock (shares) which can be transferred, and can elect a board of directors, but are jointly-and-severally liable for the company's debts and obligations. A US joint stock company cannot hold title to a real property.
corporation approved by its jurisdictional oversight and tax authorities as operating for educational, charitable, social, religious, civic or humanitarian purposes
A not-for-profit corporation is formed by incorporators, and has a board of directors and officers, but no shareholders. These incorporators, directors and officers may not receive a distribution of (any money from) profits, but officers and management may be paid reasonable salaries for services to the corporation.
corporation whose issued shares are all held by a family or a small group of investors and, therefore, cannot be bought by the public
For British or Commonwealth companies, a privately held company limited by shares is a type of company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales, Scotland, certain Commonwealth countries and the Republic of Ireland. It has shareholders with limited liability and its shares may not be offered to the general public, unlike those of public limited companies. Limited by shares means that the company has shareholders, and that the liability of the shareholders to creditors of the company is limited to the capital originally invested, i.e. the nominal value of the shares and any premium paid in return for the issue of the shares by the company. A shareholders personal assets are thereby protected in the event of the company's insolvency, but money invested in the company will be lost. A limited company may be private or public. A private limited companys disclosure requirements are lighter, but for this reason its shares may not be offered to the general public (and therefore cannot be traded on a public stock exchange). This is the major distinguishing feature between a private limited company and a public limited company. Most companies, particularly small companies, are private. Private companies limited by shares are required to have the suffix Limited (often written Ltd or Ltd.) or Incorporated (Inc.) as part of their name, though the latter cannot be used in the UK or the Republic of Ireland. In the Republic of Ireland, Teoranta (Teo.) may be used instead, largely by Gaeltacht companies. Cyfyngedig (Cyf.) may be used by Welsh companies in a similar fashion.
corporation whose shares are traded and held publicly
identifier that is officially allocated to an organization at the time of registration, typically in a jurisdiction in which said organization is organized or registered and used in that jurisdiction to identify the organization
In some jurisdictions, such as the State of California, registration identifiers are issued to corporations, including non-profit corporations, limited liability companies, certain partnerships, and foreign corporations doing business in California. The same or a very similar process is used for registration of corporations across the US.
A registration identifier may be required for official communications and is publicly available. The relationship to the jurisdiction in which the organization is organized or registered is typically required, but is optional here to cover cases where jurisdictions may overlap or are not as clearly defined.
scheme that defines the registration identifier per the issuing registration authority
not-for-profit corporation whose objective is specific to some fundamental set of beliefs and practices generally agreed upon by a number of people, and that is incorporated under the law
Often religious corporations are recognized under the law on a sub-national level, for instance by a state or provincial government. The government agency responsible for regulating such corporations is usually the official holder of records, for instance a state department of corporations.
stock corporation
corporation that has shareholders, each of whom receives a portion of the ownership of the corporation through shares of stock
The shares in a stock corporation may receive a return on their investment in the form of dividends. Shares are used for voting on matters of corporate policy or to elect directors, at the corporation's annual meeting and at other meetings of the corporation.
indicates the formal date of incorporation as stated in filing documents
indicates the date on which the corporation has registered in some jurisdiction for regulatory and / or for tax purposes
indicates the aggregate value of all shares held by shareholders
A corporation can, at any time, issue new shares up to the full amount of authorized share capital.
has shares authorized
indicates the maximum number of shares that are permitted to be issued, as established by the board of directors
An initial number of authorized shares is typically established at the time of incorporation, and is documented in articles of incorporation. The number of shares authorized may be extended from time to time by the board of directors as needed, and articles of incorporation and other legal documentation will be amended accordingly. It includes shares that are available, but not yet issued, for sale to generate capital, and shares available for distribution to insiders as part of their compensation packages.
the instrument by which an entity is incorporated
the legal jurisdiction under which the legal entity is incorporated
It is the laws of this jurisdiction that cause and allow the legal entity to exist and to incur debt and be sued at law as a legal entity.
part of a larger organization that might not be co-located with it
part of an organization, such as a line of business, that may have separate accounting and reporting requirements
legal entity that is formed between parties that pool their resources for the purpose of accomplishing a specific task but otherwise retain their distinct identities
In a joint venture, each of the participants is responsible for profits, losses, and costs associated with it. However, the venture is its own entity, separate from the participants' other business interests.
not-for-profit organization that functions independently of government
NGOs, sometimes called civil societies, are organized on community, national and international levels to serve specific social or political purposes, and are cooperative, rather than commercial, in nature.
Some NGOs avoid formal funding altogether and are run primarily by volunteers. NGOs are highly diverse groups of organizations engaged in a wide range of activities, and take different forms in different parts of the world. Some may have charitable status, while others may be registered for tax exemption based on recognition of social purposes. Others may be fronts for political, religious, or other interests.
organization that uses its surplus revenues to further achieve its purpose rather than distributing its surplus income to the organization's owners (directors, investors, and equivalents) as profit / dividends
In the US, a nonprofit organization is an association that explicitly is not required to pay taxes on its income. Such organizations are qualified for this exemption due to their socially desirable objective (e.g. hospitals, charitable organizations, etc., or because they meet some set of requirements as determined by the US Internal Revenue Service.
The nonprofit landscape is highly varied, although many people have come to associate NPOs with charitable organizations. Although charities do comprise an often high profile or visible aspect of the sector, there are many other types of nonprofits. Overall, they tend to be either member-serving or community-serving. Member-serving organizations include mutual societies, cooperatives, trade unions, credit unions, industry associations, sports clubs, retired serviceman's clubs and other organizations that benefit a particular group of people - the members of the organization. Typically, community-serving organizations are focused on providing services to the community in general, either globally or locally: organizations delivering human services programs or projects, aid and development programs, medical research, education and health services, and so on.
contract between the principals in a formal organization that specifies the relationship between the principals, and between the principals and the entity
Also covers the aims and purposes of the Entity.
tax identifier that identifies a taxable person (business) or non-taxable legal entity for a consumption tax that is assessed incrementally, levied on the price of a product or service at each stage of production, distribution, and sale to the end consumer
If the ultimate consumer is a business that collects and pays to the government VAT on its products or services, it can reclaim the tax paid. Not all localities require VAT to be charged, and exports are often exempt. VAT is usually implemented as a destination-based tax, where the tax rate is based on the location of the consumer and applied to the sales price.
indicates owners' equity associated with the entity
indicates the main address at which communications may be delivered for the organization
indicates an address at which an organization carries out operations
identifies an address that is officially recorded with some government authority and at which legal papers may be served
framework, including policies, methods, rules, and processes, used to measure, recognize, present, and disclose the information appearing in an entity's financial statements, and, from a legal ownership perspective, that is applied for accounting consolidation determination
GLEIF Level 2 Relationship Record (RR) Common Data Format (CDF), see https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/relationship-record-cdf-format#
qualifier indicating that the relationship period reflects the period of time covered by the most recent validation documents from an accounting perspective for this relationship
a unique entity that is legally or financially responsible for the performance of financial transactions, or has the legal right in its jurisdiction to enter independently into legal contracts, regardless of whether it is incorporated or constituted in some other way (e.g. trust, partnership, contractual). This excludes natural persons, but includes governmental organizations and supranationals.
a qualifier indicating that the relationship period reflects the validity period for any regulatory filing, accounting document, other document demonstrating the relationship's validity
a classifier for a legal entity that indicates the nature of that entity as defined from a legal or regulatory perspective, in the jurisdiction in which it was established
code that denotes an entity legal form as defined in ISO 20275
scheme that specifies the elements of the codes for entity legal forms, such as those that are sanctioned in a given jurisdiction as defined in ISO 20725
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
an accounting framework developed by the US Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)
the set of legal entity identifiers that comprise the ISO 17442 legal entity identifier specification
GLEIF LEI CDF v2.1 legal entity identifier (LEI) code set
the set of entity legal form identifiers that comprise the ISO 20275 entity legal form specification
International Financial Reporting Standard
an accounting framework developed by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB)
a legal person that has registered for and is identified by a legal entity identifier
Note that the GLEIF data includes multiple LEIs for some entities due to corporate actions or other situations. The duplicates are typically archived after some period of time, but in order to reflect the reality in the data, the restriction is modeled as someValuesFrom rather than exactly 1 LEI for a given entity.
an organization identifier that uniquely identifies a legal person as defined in ISO 17442
a scheme that specifies the elements of an unambiguous legal entity identifier (LEI) scheme to identify the legal entities relevant to any financial transaction
an accounting framework of unstated origin (other than IFRS or US GAAP)
a classifier that qualifies something about the reporting period specified, such as that the date period reflects an accounting or document filing period
a classifier that qualifies something about the relationship between consolidated entities during the reporting period, such as the accounting framework used
a record describing relationships between legal entities
a classifier that specifies the status of the relationship between consolidated entities during the reporting period (active or inactive)
status indicating that as of the last report or update, the reporting legal entity reported that it is legally registered and/or operating, and that the relationship detailed in this relationship record is still valid
status indicating that it has been determined that the relationship ended, e.g. because entity that reported this relationship is no longer legally registered and/or operating; or the relationship is no longer valid for other reasons
indicates the legal address for the entity, in the jurisdiction in which the entity is established, used for registration purposes with respect to obtaining an LEI
indicates the nature of the entity as defined from a legal or regulatory perspective in a given jurisdiction
the precise abbreviation for the entity legal form as defined in the jurisdiction in which it is registered, for example LLC, LLP, Ltd, PLC, Corp.
the percentage ownership interest in the owned entity owned by owning entity, if known
has transliterated legal form abbreviation
a transliterated (i.e., in Latin or Romanized ASCII) representation of the abbreviation for the entity legal form
a transliterated (i.e., in Latin or Romanized ASCII) representation of a name for the entity
indicates the entity considered the 'end node' or consolidating entity (parent) from an ISO 17442 perspective
indicates the entity considered the 'start node' or consolidated entity from an ISO 17442 perspective
indicates that the entity considered the 'end node' or consolidating entity (parent) fully consolidates the accounting of the 'start node' (child) per the accounting rules specified, and is the closest consolidating entity to that child in any applicable ownership hierarchy
indicates that the entity considered the 'start node' or consolidated entity (child) is an international subsidiary of the 'end node' (parent) in the jurisdiction of the child
indicates that something is limited to or conditional due to some rate or other statistical value
indicates that the entity considered the 'end node' or consolidating entity (parent) fully consolidates the accounting of the 'start node' (child) per the accounting rules specified, and is the most distant consolidating entity to that child in any applicable ownership hierarchy
entity that is formed and administered as per commercial law in order to engage in business activities
There are many types of business entities defined in the legal systems of various countries. These include corporations, cooperatives, partnerships, sole proprietorships, sole traders, limited liability companies, certain trusts and trust companies, and so forth. The rules vary by country and by state or province. Some of the more widely recognized types in the US, UK, and EU are defined in FIBO, by region. However, the regulations governing particular types of entity, even those described as roughly equivalent, differ from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
license that allows the holder to conduct business or carry out a specific profession within some jurisdiction for some period of time
a legal person created by a royal charter or decree
Anything with 'Royal Institute' in the name. Also universities are generally set up by royal charter in a monarchy or principality, (often pre-dating any Privy Council i.e. directly be the monarch in the case of older universities). The Bank of England and the British Broadcasting Council (BBC) are also incorporated through Royal Charter.
In a monarchy or principality, the monarch typically vests the power to create such bodies, in an entity called (for example) the Privy Council.
person who is considered competent, under the circumstances, to enter into a contract, conduct business, or participate in other activities that generally require the mental ability to understand problems and make decisions on his or her own behalf
The definition of mental competence, and potentially of the age of majority, is a function of the situation and law in a given jurisdiction.
objective that reflects the charitable, educational, religious, humanitarian, public services, or other not for profit goals of an organization
The objective of all business activities is not to earn profits for its owners. All of the money earned by or donated to a not for profit organization is used in pursuing the organization's objectives.
legal authorization given by one party (the principal) to another (the agent or attorney-in-fact) to perform certain acts on the principal's behalf
The appointment can be effective immediately or if the principal is unable to make decisions or perform certain actions on their own. It may be a (1) general power of attorney that authorizes the agent to act generally on behalf of the principal, such as to transfer funds from one account to another, pay debts, make investments, and so forth, or (2) limited to a specific act or situation, such as for management of an individual's finances in a single account, such as a brokerage account, or for management of healthcare. Decisions made and actions taken by an attorney in fact (within the scope of his or her authority) are legally binding on the principal.
objective that reflects pursuit of a financial benefit that may be realized when the amount of revenue gained from a business activity exceeds the expenses, costs and taxes needed to sustain that activity
Any profit that is gained goes to the business's owners, who may or may not decide to spend it on the business.
objective that reflects values generally thought to be shared by and that is intended to benefit the populace as a whole
not-for-profit objective that reflects the religious goals of an organization
fonds commun de placement
special purpose vehicle
legal entity created to fulfill narrow, specific, and frequently temporary objectives
SPE
SPV
A special purpose vehicle (SPV), also known as a special purpose entity (SPE), refers to a legal entity, typically a limited company or partnership, created to isolate a parent company from financial risk, including bankruptcy.
special purpose entity
legal entity established by a government to consider evidence and make judgements in some field of activity
variable interest entity
legal entity whose shareholders are entitled to a percentage of a named company's profits via a private contract
VIE
Variable interest entity (VIE) is a term used by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to refer to a legal entity with certain characteristics such that a public company with a financial interest in the entity is subject to certain financial reporting requirements. Examples include certain Chinese companies, such as Alibaba, that leverage VIEs to gain access to foreign capital that would otherwise not be available due to Chinese government regulations.
shell company
has intended liquidation date
links an agreement, contract, or legal entity to a date on which it is scheduled to be sold
publicly held company and for profit corporation legal entity for Alphabet Inc., a Delaware stock corporation
Alphabet Inc. business entity identifier
registration identifier assigned by the Delaware Department of Corporations for Alphabet Inc.
date that Alphabet Inc. was first registered as a corporation in the State of Delaware
publicly held company and for profit corporation legal entity for Apple Inc., a California stock corporation
registration identifier assigned by the California Department of Corporations for Apple Inc.
date that Apple Inc. was first registered as a corporation in the State of California
International Business Machines Corporation US-NY
publicly held company and for profit corporation legal entity for International Business Machines Corporation, a New York domestic business corporation
International Business Machines Corporation
International Business Machines Corporation business entity identifier
registration identifier assigned by the New York Division of Corporations for International Business Machines Corporation
International Business Machines Corporation incorporation date
date that International Business Machines Corporation was first registered as a corporation in the State of New York
publicly held company and for profit corporation legal entity for The Coca-Cola Company, a Delaware corporation
The Coca-Cola Company business entity identifier
registration identifier assigned by the Delaware Division of Corporations for The Coca-Cola Company
The Coca-Cola Company incorporation date
date that The Coca-Cola Company was first registered as a corporation in the State of Delaware
The Home Depot, Inc. business entity identifier
registration identifier assigned by the Delaware Division of Corporations for The Home Depot, Inc.
publicly held company and for profit corporation legal entity for The Home Depot, Inc., a Delaware corporation
date that The Home Depot, Inc. was first registered as a corporation in the State of Delaware
publicly held company and for profit corporation legal entity for The Proctor & Gamble Company, an Ohio corporation
The Proctor & Gamble Company business entity identifier
registration identifier assigned by the Ohio Department of Corporations for The Proctor & Gamble Company
The Proctor & Gamble Company incorporation date
date that The Proctor & Gamble Company was first registered as a corporation in the State of Ohio
control established through the terms of some contract
person or organization over which some party exercises some form of authority or influence with respect to some situation
group that has formed some alliance to jointly exercise control over some entity
The types of entity which may enter into such an alliance are the same types of entity as may exercise control in their own right, i.e. independent parties (that is a logical union of natural persons, legal persons and formal organizations).
control conferred by the actions of some court, for example in the context of receivership
party that exercises some control over an entity other than via explicit, legal means
a silent partner, i.e. where someone has made a large investment, which is bilateral (not part of the constitutional framework of the company)
divides further into financial leverage via loans; non fiscal types of leverage (influence)
A control owner (i.e., control person, per SEC regulations) may have some means or right that allows them to exercise control over board composition, other than through proxy assignment or vote. Not all control persons have this facility, as it is not inherent to having a significant (for example, 20 percent or more) ownership stake.
party that has the legal authority to exercise control
party that has the authority to control some legal entity
This type of party is either asserted to be the case by the entity itself or some other party, or is determined through some analysis or calculation based on the available information about controlling interests.
It is assumed that since control follows from some form of ownership or contractual instrument, that the range of entities which may fulfil this party role is the same as that for entity ownership, namely a logical union of natural persons, legal persons and formal organizations.
informal control that involves influence over some party
influence-based de facto controlling party
party that holds influence-based control over some other party
Regulatory or jurisdictional control would fall under this control. Court appointed control is de jure control BUT the scenario in which a government takes over something and then hands it over to some new de jure controller i.e. administrator - in the meantime this is de facto control by e.g. the government.
control that arises through some investment in some entity, other than via the holding of constitutional equity (shares etc.) in that entity
investment-based de facto controlling interest party
party that holds investment-based control over some other party
party that collectively has the authority to control the affairs of some business organization
controlling party that possesses, either directly or indirectly, the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a legal person, whether through the ownership of a majority of voting securities, by contract, or otherwise
Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 17, Chapter 1, Section 49.2
party appointed by some court for the purposes of winding up the affairs of some entity which is no longer solvent
party that has sole control over and directs the affairs of some legal entity
party that has 100 percent ownership some legal entity
By virtue of holding 100 percent of the equity ownership, the Total Owner also holds 100 percent of the controlling equity, if there is a difference. Therefore it is both a total owner and a total controlling party.
relates a controlled party to a controlling member of the organization
indicates a party that owns a controlling stake (over 50 percent) in the entity
indicates the party that acts in an advisory capacity to the controlled party
indicates investment-based de facto control, which is is based on the holding of some investment equity by some party
identifies a controlled organization over which the member has some measure of control
party that is related to a legal entity, directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, and controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with that entity, typically determined by the degree of ownership
situation in which a controlled party is affiliated with a controlling party for some period of time
controlled party in an affiliation situation
controlling party in an affiliation situation
party that is recognized as the ultimate parent of a given organization within the country or jurisdiction of incorporation or organization
party that is recognized as the ultimate parent of a given organization world-wide
party that shares capital, technology, human resources, risks, and benefits of an entity under shared control
party that owns a significant voting stake in an organization that is less than 50 percent but greater than some threshold
Note that the concept of significance varies depending on the jurisdiction, and particularly with respect to reporting requirements. For example, in some cases, three (3) percent ownership of any class or series of shares is considered significant, and in others it means more than five or ten percent of the total combined voting power across all classes of securities.
legal entity that is entirely or majority owned and controlled by another legal entity
A subsidiary is a separate, distinct legal entity from its parent company(ies) for the purposes of taxation, regulatory compliance, and with respect to liability.
voting shareholder that owns 100 percent of the voting shares in some legal entity
By virtue of holding 100 percent of the share ownership, the total controlling interest company also holds 100 percent of the controlling equity, if there is a difference. Therefore, it is both a total owner and a total controlling party.
shareholder whose shares confer the right to vote in corporate elections, including the right to elect directors at annual or special meetings, and to express their views to corporate management and directors on significant issues that may affect the value of those shares
A voting shareholder may exercise control over board composition by (1) attending a shareholder meeting and voting directly, (2) assigning a proxy to vote on their behalf, either as specified in the recommendations made in the proxy card or as indicated in a manner that deviates from those recommendations but is detailed on the proxy card, (3) by rejection of the proxy, either implicitly or explicitly, or (4) through a direct ballot that they create themselves.
has a party which directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with the company
is directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controlled by
relates an organization to another recognized as its ultimate parent, within its country or jurisdiction of incorporation, if it has one
In the case of companies that are subsidiaries of another company that itself has a parent, this identifies the organization at the top of the hierarchy of organizations in the country of registration. Adapted from consensus definition of Ultimate Parent, now that this is split into national and global parent.
consensus definition of ultimate parent, with the split between domestic and global parent
relates an organization to another recognized as its ultimate parent, if it has one
In the case of companies that are subsidiaries of another company that itself has a parent, this identifies the organization at the top of the hierarchy, world-wide. Adapted from consensus definition of Ultimate Parent, now that this is split into national and global parent.
relates a legal entity to another organization that it owns at least 50 percent of
relates a party which directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control by another party to that party
controls directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries
indicates a controlled affiliate that it owns at least 50 percent of
is controlled directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries and owned at least 50 percent by
relates a legal entity to a party that has 100 percent ownership and control over it
party that enjoys the benefits of ownership (such as receipt of income) of something even though its ownership (title) may be in the name of another party (called a nominee or registered owner)
From World Bank Report: In identifying the beneficial owner, the focus should be on two factors: the control exercised and the benefit derived. Control of a corporate vehicle will always depend on context, as control can be exercised in many different ways, including through ownership, contractually or informally.
The Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering (FATF) refers to a 'beneficial owner' as the natural person(s) who ultimately owns or controls a legal entity and/or the natural person on whose behalf a transaction is being conducted. It also includes those persons who exercise ultimate effective control over a legal person or arrangement.
The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) defines a 'beneficial owner' as (1) a single individual with significant responsibility to control, manage or direct a legal entity customer, or (2) each individual, if any, who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, owns 25 percent or more of the equity interests of a legal entity customer; if a trust owns directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, 25 percent or more of the equity interests of a legal entity customer, the beneficial owner is the trustee.
Use of a nominee (who may be an agent, custodian, or a trustee) does not change the position regarding tax reporting and tax liability, and the beneficial owner remains responsible.
situation linking party that enjoys the benefits of ownership (such as receipt of income) of something even though its ownership (title) may be in the name of another party (called a nominee or registered owner) to the asset that they own
Beneficial ownership may be shared among a group of individuals. If a beneficial owner acquires a position of more than 5 percent in the United States, it must file Schedule 13D or 13G under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
financial asset that is a block of securities or other financial assets bought in one transaction on a given date at a specific price
Buying 100 shares of Apple on Jan 10 at $150/share is one purchase lot; buying 50 more shares on Mar 15 at $160/share is another purchase lot.
Purchase lot is typically used as a trading term by brokers and portfolio managers to describe how holdings are grouped.
party that owns shares in and has rights and responsibilities with respect to some asset, provided in exchange for investment
The shares represent an ownership interest in a corporation, mutual fund, or partnership, or a unit of ownership in a structured product, such as a real estate investment trust.
stockholder
ownership interest in the equity of a company, represented by shares that confer financial rights and governance privileges
Shareholding refers to the total ownership a party has in some organization, and determines voting power, dividend entitlement, and exposure to risk.
financial asset that is a block of securities or other financial assets with a distinct cost basis for tax reporting purposes
Tax lots reflect how shares or other assets are tracked for capital gains and may be adjusted by events including: - reinvested dividends (creates very small, new tax lots); - stock splits or mergers (adjusts basis, may create fractional lots); - Wash sale rules (can change which lots are recognized). When an investor sells, they select which tax lot to sell (specific ID, FIFO, etc.), which determines realized gain or loss.
consists of number of units
indicates the number of units of
This property indicates the number of units (e.g., shares, fund units) of the asset held in a shareholding or position, for example.
indicates the party that retains rights in the asset they own in a beneficial ownership situation
indicates an asset in which the beneficial owner holds rights (typically voting rights, management rights, etc.) in a beneficial ownership situation
contract that establishes a new corporation or, when amended, adjusts the legal basis for the corporation, and outlines basic information about the corporation, including the type of business, and a description of the business' operational characteristics
party qualified and authorized to review and verify the accuracy of financial records and ensure that companies comply with tax laws
An auditor is authorized to audit one or more specific organizations, i.e., by the authorizing party indicated by the situation.
An auditor may be an internal auditor - an individual whose primary job function is to audit his or her own company, or an external auditor - an individual from outside the company, who typically is employed by an auditing firm who handles many different clients.
role of an individual that has been given the responsibility to act on behalf of another party under some set of guidelines
authority to act in a fiduciary capacity with respect to the organization, including but not limited to determining and executing corporate policy
situation in which a voting shareholder, entity owner, or some other party in the case of a not-for-profit organization, appoints and/or nominates someone to the board of directors of an organization for some period of time
party that has fiduciary responsibility with respect to the organization, including but not limited to determining and executing corporate policy
situation relating an individual member of the board of directors to the organization
group of people comprising the governing body of an organization that has the authority to set organizational strategy and policies as well as to select and, to some degree manage, leadership
For a public, for profit organization, its members (directors) are elected normally by the subscribers (stockholders) of the firm (generally at an annual general meeting) to govern the firm and look after the subscribers' interests. In the case of a not-for-profit organization, the board ensures the organization is acting in line with its mission. The board has the ultimate decision-making authority and, in general, is empowered to (1) set the company's policy, objectives, and overall direction, (2) adopt bylaws, (3) name members of the advisory, executive, finance, and other committees, (4) hire, monitor, evaluate, and fire the managing director and senior executives, (5) determine and pay the dividend, and (6) issue additional shares. Though all its members might not be engaged in the company's day-to-day operations, the entire board is held liable (under the doctrine of collective responsibility) for the consequences of the firm's policies, actions, and failures to act. Members of the board usually include senior-most executives (called inside directors or executive directors) as well as experts or respected persons chosen from the wider community (called outside directors or non-executive directors).
written rules for conduct of a corporation, association, partnership or any organization
top corporate officer responsible for an organization's overall operations and performance
He or she is the leader of the firm, serves as the main link between the board of directors (the board) and the firm's various parts or levels, and is held solely responsible for the firm's success or failure. One of the major duties of a CEO is to maintain and implement corporate policy, as established by the board. Also called President or managing director, he or she may also be the chairman (or chairperson) of the board.
senior-most corporate officer responsible for financial control and planning for an organization or project
He or she is in charge of all accounting functions including (1) credit control, (2) preparing budgets and financial statements, (3) coordinating financing and fund raising, (4) monitoring expenditure and liquidity, (5) managing investment and taxation issues, (6) reporting financial performance to the board, and (7) providing timely financial data to the CEO. Also called chief finance officer, comptroller, controller, or finance controller.
legislation under which the formation, registration or incorporation, governance, and dissolution of a firm is administered and controlled
corporate officer appointed by the directors of an organization, responsible for ensuring compliance with legal obligations related to corporate governance
His or her formal duties include (1) calling meetings, (2) recording minutes of the meetings, (3) keeping statutory record books, (4) proper payment of dividend and interest payments, and (5) proper drafting and execution of agreements, contracts, and resolutions.
controlling nominee
party that holds legal title to an asset (e.g., stocks, bonds, or property) on behalf of the beneficial owner
The nominee is typically the registered owner of an asset, named in official records.
written rules for conduct of a corporation, adopted by the board of directors
Corporate bylaws may contain any provision, not inconsistent with law or with the certificate of incorporation, relating to the business of the corporation, the conduct of its affairs, and its rights or powers or the rights or powers of its stockholders, directors, officers or employees. Changes to the bylaws of a corporation require a board-level resolution and may require a vote of the shareholders.
high-level management executive of a corporation or other organization, hired by the board of directors or the business owner(s), charged with certain operational responsibilities, and who has the authority to act on behalf of the organization, including the authority to enter into contracts on behalf of the organization
Corporate officers may include a Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Chief Financial Officer (CFO), president, vice president(s), and in some cases a Chief Operating Officer (COO), Chief Compliance Officer (CCO), or other executive responsible for a critical function in the organization.
In banking, corporate officers have the legal capacity to execute some documents and make certain decisions on behalf of the institution due to the nature of the business. The level of authority varies depending on the role the officer plays, however, and based on bank policy. In large institutions, corporate officers may include loan/lending officers, those in certain supervisory roles, and others with varying degrees of authority, and frequently they are given a 'vice president' title, particularly if they are customer facing. Hiring and other decisions related to such corporate officers may be delegated to more operational levels, rather than by the board directly, with respect to such personnel.
Note that in most cases in the United States, corporate officers, especially those with signatory capacity and other fiduciary responsibilities must be employees, especially with respect to financial institutions and other highly regulated domains. There are cases, however, when an independent contractor or professional services provider may play the role of a corporate officer, such as a 'CFO for hire', which is a common practice in start-up organizations.
person appointed and given the responsibility to manage the affairs of an organization and the authority to make decisions within specified role-specific boundaries
member of a board of directors that is also an employee of the organization
independent party qualified and authorized to examine and report on the accuracy of financial records and ensure that companies comply with tax laws
An external auditor is an individual or organization from outside the company, who typically is employed by an auditing firm that handles many different clients.
employee who is qualified and authorized to review and verify the accuracy of financial records and evaluate internal controls and compliance
member of the board of directors of an organization that has no executive responsibilities towards the running of that organization
controlling party that is responsible for the management of daily business operations of an organization
responsible party authorized to sign agreements on behalf of themselves, another person, or an organization
authorizes to sign agreements, access accounts and/or perform other similar tasks
chooses someone, or a group of individuals, to hold office or some other position by voting
In the case of an election of the members of a board of directors, the bylaws state the manner in which that process is effected. The candidate members may be recommended by the board or other proxy and are then elected by the shareholders. A similar process may be conducted to elect outside auditors.
the election of officers of an association, the election of directors by the shareholders
indicates an officer of the organization
indicates a member of the board of directors of the organization
indicates a controlling party that is responsible for the management of daily business operations
specifies a commitment or obligation that an independent party has
indicates the party for which a signatory has the ability to sign agreements, access accounts and perform related tasks
indicates the delegated legal authority that is vested in the controlling party
indicates the organization that the board member oversees
indicates the organization that the person has some authority over and managerial responsibility for
identifies a legal entity (controlled party) over which a principal has some measure of control
appoints or proposes for appointment to an office or place
Note that nominates is defined as a relation between two parties-in-role (the range of which could be a corporation or partnership in the case of an auditor), whereas appoints between independent parties.
entity owner that holds an equity stake in said entity, in the form of shareholders' equity
Typically this would be share ownership or the holding of partnership equity. Ownership in this 'constitutional' sense means that the owner is in some way a member of the organization, such as an employee or director, as distinct from some outside investor.
shareholders's equity that formally confers control in the entity, either by law or as explicitly stated in a corresponding equity instrument
direct ownership of an entity recorded as accounting consolidation
owner (person, group of people, or other business entity) that owns, or holds an ownership interest in, a formal business organization
ownership by some party of an interest in some non-governmental formal organization
ownership by some party of some formal organization or organizational sub-unit that is a foreign affiliate and legally part of the owning entity
equity that represents an ownership interest in some entity, but may or may not take the form of shareholders's equity
Typically an investment in some entity may take the form of shares (issued or privately held), i.e., shareholders' equity, or it may take the form of some capital amount which is not reflected in shareholders' equity. In each case, there would typically be a contractual basis for the investment setting out what controls or other benefits accrue to the investor.
party that owns some stake in some organization by way of investment
This is regardless of whether or not the investor is also a constitutional owner (e.g. shareholder) in the entity.
Contract setting out the terms under which some investor invests in the entity and setting out the rights which are conferred on that investor.
highest-level (top, end) ancestral ownership, evidenced by accounting consolidation, by some party of some other legal entity
provides a formal assurance or promise, esp. that certain conditions shall be fulfilled relating to a product, service, or transaction
relates a formal organization to the situation in which it is owned directly by another entity
relates a formal organization to a direct legal person / owner
relates a legal person to a directly owned formal organization or subsidiary, depending on the percent ownership interest
relates a legal person to the context in which it owns a formal organization
indicates a formal organization, including potentially a sole proprietorship, that is owned by a legal person
indicates a party that owns a formal organization
partner and part-owner that is responsible for managing the day to day operations of the partnership and that may be jointly and severally liable for the obligations of the partnership
Note that although typically a general partner is a person, in the context of certain funds, such as private equity, a general partner may be a firm that manages the fund.
partnership that has at least two general partners that agree to share in all assets, profits, and financial and legal liabilities of the business
General partnerships are the most basic and common form of partnership world-wide.
limited partnership that consists of one or more general partners who are liable for the obligations of the entity as well as one or more protected limited liability partners
The primary difference between an LLLP and more traditional limited partnership is that an LLLP allows liability transfer from the general partner's (to external insurer) for debts and obligations of the limited partnership. Typically, general partners manage the LLLP, while the limited partners' interest is primarily for investment purposes.
partnership that has general partners but provides its individual partners some level of protection against personal liability for certain partnership liabilities
Law firms, accountancies, wealth managers, professional medical groups, and other professional consultancies often take the form of a limited liability partnership.
One example of a limited liability partnership is that of an incorporated limited partnership (ILP) in Australia.
LLPs are a flexible legal and tax entity that allows partners to benefit from economies of scale by working together while also reducing their liability for the actions of other partners.
partner whose liabilities are limited to the extent of their investment or guarantees and that has no involvement in the day to day operations of the partnership
partnership that has at least one general partner and at least one limited partner
In the United States, film production companies, real estate investment firms, and private equity firms are typically formed as limited partnerships. In the United Kingdom, limited partnerships are governed by the Limited Partnerships Act 1907 and, on matters on which that Act is silent, also by the Partnership Act 1890.
Limited partnerships are distinct from limited liability partnerships, in which all partners have limited liability. Similar to a general partnership, the general partners have management control, share the right to use partnership property, share the profits of the firm in predefined proportions, and have joint and several liability for the debts of the partnership.
co-owner, member, and agent of a partnership whose participation level, including proportional liabilities and share in the profit / loss of the business is specified in a partnership agreement
association of two or more legal persons to carry on as co-owners a business for profit
Partnerships exist in many countries world-wide. Examples of the laws related to the establishment and operation of partnerships include the Partnership Act of 1890 in the United Kingdom and the Uniform Partnership Act in the United States.
Whether or not partnerships are established through, for example, incorporation, depends on the jurisdiction. Partnerships typically not corporations in the US, but can be in Australia and Ghana. See https://legalvision.com.au/what-are-incorporated-limited-partnerships/ and http://swiftlaw.co/incorporated-partnership/ for additional details.
contract between partners in a partnership that establishes the terms and conditions of the relationship between the partners
indicates an actor that has some measure of control over the partnership
indicates an actor that may have some measure of influence over the partnership
indicates the organization that the general partner manages
indicates the organization that the limited partner participates in
private limited company that combines the pass through taxation of a sole proprietorship or partnership with the limited liability of a corporation
owner of an interest in a limited liability company
limited liability company taxed as a corporation
limited liability company that has elected to have corporate tax status
In the United States, LLCs that elect to be taxed as a corporation do so by filing an IRS Form 8832.
manager-managed limited liability company
limited liability company in which the members appoint one or more managers to handle the daily operations and administrative responsibilities of the organization
If no members are interested in managing the LLC, an external manager (someone who doesn't own any portion of the LLC) can be hired to run the business operations, including, in some jurisdictions, a third-party entity, such as another company.
owner of an interest in a limited liability company who also runs the day-to-day business operations
hybrid business entity having characteristics of both a corporation and a partnership or sole proprietorship (depending on how many owners there are)
A private company with limited liability, although a business entity, is not a corporation. The primary characteristic this legal form shares with a corporation is limited liability, and the primary characteristic it shares with a partnership is the availability of pass-through income taxation. It is often more flexible than a corporation, and it is well-suited for companies with a single owner.
private limited company whose shareholders' liability is limited to the capital they originally invested
Private limited companies are common in countries including the U.K., Ireland, and Canada. They have one or more members, also called shareholders or owners, who buy in through private sales. Directors are company employees who keep up with all administrative tasks and tax filings but do not need to be shareholders.
indicates a managing member in a controlling role of a limited liability company that has responsibility for the day-to-day business operations
indicates the controlled limited liability company that the managing member runs
party that owns a business, has the rights to all profits from that business and is considered a single entity (unincorporated) together with that business for tax and liability purposes
A sole proprietor has unlimited liability with respect to any business debts.
unincorporated business owned by a single person
trust that cannot be modified, amended or terminated except under certain legal circumstances and typically not without the permission of the grantor's named beneficiary or beneficiaries
Irrevocable trusts also offer asset protection from future creditors and lawsuits.
trust created during an individual's lifetime where a designated person, the trustee, is given responsibility for managing that individual's assets for the benefit of the eventual beneficiary
A living trust is designed to allow for the easy transfer of the trust creator or settlor's assets while bypassing the often complex and expensive legal process of probate. Living trust agreements designate a trustee who holds legal possession of assets and property that flow into the trust.
trust in which legal ownership of the trust property is transferred to the trustee, but the trustor retains full power to revoke, modify or amend the trust
trust established in accordance with the instructions contained in a last will and testament
A will could have more than one testamentary trust. The trustee named is responsible for managing and distributing the trustor's assets to the beneficiaries as directed in the will. Sometimes called a will trust, the testamentary trust is irrevocable.
fiduciary relationship and legal entity in which one party, known as a trustor, gives another party, the trustee, the right to hold title to and manage assets for the benefit of a third party, the beneficiary
formal agreement that establishes a trust, whereby the trustor(s) gives the trustee(s) the responsibility to hold and manage assets for the beneficiary(ies)
A trust agreement typically states the (1) purpose for which the trust was established and fulfillment of which will terminate the trust, (2) details of the assets placed in the trust, (3) powers and limitations of the trustees, their reporting requirements, and other associated provisions, and (4) may also specify the trustees' compensation, if any. A trust agreement involving real estate requires its exact description and the trustor's express, written consent to create the trust to be valid.
party for whose interest (benefit) an annuity, assignment (such as a letter of credit), contract, insurance policy, judgment, promise, trust, will, etc., is made
party empowered to act on behalf of the trustee to manage the assets of the trust
party that holds and manages assets for the benefit of another
The trustee is legally obliged to make all trust-related decisions with the beneficiary's interests in mind, and may be liable for damages in the event of not doing so. Trustees may be entitled to a payment for their services, if specified in the trust agreement. In the specific case of the bond market, a trustee administers a bond issue for a borrower, and ensures that the issuer meets all the terms and conditions associated with the borrowing.
party that establishes a trust and places property under the protection and management of one or more trustees for the benefit of at least one beneficiary
It is not always necessary to identify the trustor who may be also be a trustee and/or one of the beneficiaries. In legal parlance, a trustor is called a settlor in the UK and a grantor in the US, whereas in common usage he or she may also be called a creator, donor, initiator, owner, or trust maker.
identifies the trust over which a trustee has some measure of control
action
event announced, initiated or carried out by an organization that affects a legal entity or the securities it issues and may have a material impact on that entity's stakeholders, such as shareholders and creditors
Actions that impact an entity may be initiated by an issuer, exchange, regulator, creditor, or other third party.
Actions initiated by an issuer are typically approved by that company's board of directors and authorized by their shareholders.
scheme for classifying the kinds of actions and events that may be announced, initiated or carried out by an organization that affects a legal entity or the securities it issues
The set of corporate actions and income events included herein are a subset of those specified in a combination of ISO 15022 Securities - Scheme for Messages (Data Field Dictionary) and the GLEIF LEI-related corporate actions. Other schemes that are specific to a custodian, depository, or regulatory agency may also be important, and should take a similar approach with respect to classification.
action classifier
classifier that distinguishes the kinds of actions and events that may be announced, initiated or carried out by an organization that affects a legal entity or the securities it issues, such as income-oriented events
ISO 15022 classifies events as impacting income vs. others. Other classification schemes distinguish between actions that return profits to shareholders, actions that are designed to influence the share price, and actions involving a change in structure to the issuer organization.
action status
state of some action at some point in time
business strategy classifier
classifier of corporate actions that involve improving liquidity or changing the overall structure of the organization through diversification, combining and closing parts of the business, etc, to increase long-term profitability
change action
corporate action to disseminate information regarding a change further described in the corporate action details
Generic changes may include a change in the terms of an issue, change in the identification of a security, change of board lot, change from global to definitive, etc.
class action
corporate action involving a situation where interested parties seek restitution for financial loss
The security holder may be offered the opportunity to join a class action proceeding and would need to respond with an instruction.
proposed settlement
consent solicitation
corporate action that is a procedure that aims to obtain consent of holder to a proposal by the issuer or a third party without convening a meeting
For example, consent to change the terms of a bond.
corporate action
action carried out by or specifically relating to a legal entity that may affect the securities it issues and may have a material impact on its stakeholders, such as shareholders and creditors
Examples of corporate actions include share issues, stock splits, consolidation, dividends, mergers and acquisitions, rights issues, spin-offs, and the inception of court actions.
Corporate actions are typically approved by a company's board of directors and authorized by the shareholders.
disclosure action
corporate action involving a request for holders or beneficial owners to disclose their name, location and holdings of any issue to the issuer
divestiture
corporate action involving the sales of subsidiary business interests or investments
Divestiture is an action or process involving the sale, spinoff, or liquidation of business assets, including product lines, services, subsidiaries, business property, or even an entire business. Companies may pursue a divestment strategy to refocus on their core business, in response to the operating environment in their industry, to raise capital, or to release underperforming assets.
income-oriented classifier
classifier of corporate actions that impacts income to shareholders
Cash dividends are a classic example where a public company declares a dividend to be paid on each outstanding share. Bonus is another case where the shareholder is rewarded. In a stricter sense, the bonus issue should not impact the share price but in reality, in rare cases, it does and results in an overall increase in value.
legal form change
corporate action indicating a modification of the legal form of the organization
In the United States it is common for companies established as Subchapter S Corporations (S-Corp), typically early stage companies, to modify their structure to become full-fledged Subchapter C Corporations (C-Corp) to facilitate outside fundraising, mergers, acquisitions, and public offerings. Other common form changes include migration from sole proprietorships to more formally registered organizations (e.g., LLC, S-Corp, C-Corp, etc.)
liquidation
corporate action related to winding up a business, including but not limited to distribution of cash, assets, or both
Debt may be paid in order of priority based on preferred claims to assets specified by a security, for example.
mandatory corporate action
action initiated by the board of directors of a corporation that affects all shareholders
Examples of mandatory corporate actions include cash dividends, stock splits, mergers, pre-refunding, return of capital, bonus issue, asset ID change, and spin-offs.
Mandatory means mandatory participation by all shareholders, however the shareholder is not required to do anything.
mandatory with choice corporate action
mandatory corporate action where shareholders are given an opportunity to choose among several options
In case a shareholder does not submit the election, the default option will be applied.
market action
action that is initiated by a market, such as a securities exchange, that affects a legal entity or the securities it issues and may have a material impact on that entity's stakeholders, such as shareholders and creditors
merger / acquisition
corporate action involving the consolidation of legal entities or assets
Such consolidation may be accomplished via financial transactions such as mergers, acquisitions, consolidations, tender offers, purchase of assets, and management acquisitions.
notification
corporate action involving information provided by the issuer having no accounting/financial impact on the holder
organization address change
information action that provides details of address changes for a legal entity
Address changes may impact securities master data management, including but not limited to where shares are registered and by whom.
organization name change
information action that provides details of name changes for a legal entity
Name changes may include legal name changes as well as 'doing business as', and other operational names for an organization.
priority issue
corporate action that is a public offer where, due to a limited amount of securities available, priority is given to existing shareholders
regulatory action
action initiated by a regulatory agency that affects a legal entity or the securities it issues and may have a material impact on that entity's stakeholders, such as shareholders and creditors
spin off
corporate action involving the distribution of subsidiary stock to the shareholders of the parent company without a surrender of shares
Spin-off represents a form of divestiture usually resulting in an independent company or in an existing company. Examples include demerger, distribution, and unbundling.
voluntary corporate action
event in which the shareholders elect to participate and must respond in order for the issuer to process the action
An example of a voluntary corporate action is a tender offer, in which the issuer may request shareholders to tender their shares at a predetermined price.
Shareholders send responses to the issuer's agents, and the issuer will send the proceeds of the action to those shareholders who elect to participate.
asset-backed credit default swap
credit default swap whose underlying reference obligation is an asset-backed security rather than corporate credit
ABCDS
In the case of an ABCDS, the buyer receives protection for defaults on asset-backed securities or tranches of securities, rather than protecting against the default of a particular issuer. Asset-backed securities are securities backed by a pool of loans or receivables, such as auto loans, home equity loans or credit cards loans.
basket credit default swap
credit default swap that references a bespoke, synthetic portfolio of underlying assets whose components have been agreed to for a specific OTC derivative by the parties to the transaction
Draft paper on Credit Default Swaps from the Federal Reserve Board, available at https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/files/2022023pap.pdf
ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code
basket of credit default swaps
basket of reference obligations are credit default swap instruments
Note that the CDS Index is broken down into tranches depending on different types of credits, for example, investment grade and high yield. Tranches are defined by attachment and detachment points for the index loss distribution. It means that when default events occur the lower-level tranches absorb the loss up to the detachment point, before moving to the next senior tranche.
cash settlement method
strategy for calculating or otherwise establishing a reference final price for the contract
The method may include an independently administered synthetic auction process that sets the reference final price.
contingent credit default swap
credit default swap in which an additional triggering event is required
CCDS
In a contingent credit default swap, the trigger requires both a credit event (as in a traditional credit default swap) and another specified event. The additional specified event is usually a significant movement in an index covering equities, commodities, interest rates, or some other overall measure of the economy or relevant industry.
credit default swap
bilateral contract in which one party (protection seller) agrees to provide payment to the other party (protection buyer) should a credit event occur against the underlying, which could be a specified debt (the reference obligation), a specific debt issuer (reference entity), a basket of reference entities and/or reference obligations, or a credit index (reference index)
CDS
According to a 2022 working paper from the Federal Reserve, "credit default swaps (CDS) are, by far, the most common type of credit derivative. They are financial instruments that allow the transfer of credit risk among market participants, potentially facilitating greater efficiency in the pricing and distribution of credit risk. In its most basic form, a CDS is a contract where a 'protection buyer' agrees to make periodic payments (the CDS 'spread' or premium) over a predetermined number of years (the maturity or term of the CDS) to a 'protection seller' in exchange for a payment from the protection seller in the event of default by a 'reference entity.' CDS premiums tend to be paid quarterly and are set as a percentage of the total amount of protection bought (the 'notional amount' of the contract). CDS maturities generally range from one to ten years, with the five-year maturity being particularly common." See https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/files/2022023pap.pdf for more detail.
Note that the effective date of the contract indicates the starting date of the credit protection defined therein.
credit default swap index
index whose underlying reference obligations are credit default swap instruments
credit event notice
irrevocable written or verbal notice that states that a triggering event has occurred
Notices of certain kinds of credit events are required as a condition of a credit default swap. Such notices are sent from a notifying party (either the buyer or the seller) to the counterparty. They provide information that assists the contract parties in determining whether a triggering credit event has occurred.
credit protection terms
legal terms that define triggering events and associated conditions related to settlement
Note that there may be additional payment schedules or a more complex calculation formula required depending on the terms of the contract.
contingent leg
deliverable asset
asset that must be delivered as a part of the process of settling a credit default swap
If the reference obligation is a bond, the deliverable asset (obligation) may be a different bond. If it is a loan, the deliverable asset may involve assigment of a loan.
deliverable obligation buyer
contract party that is obliged to purchase a deliverable obligation (asset) if a triggering event occurs, depending on the event and the contract
deliverable obligation seller
contract party that is obliged to sell a deliverable obligation (asset) if a triggering event occurs, depending on the event and the contract
escrow agent
third party that holds an asset or funds before they are formally transferred from one party to another party, per the terms of a contract, within some specified time period and/or when a triggering event occurs
Use of an escrow agent is one possible mechanism that may be used in some cases, as specified in a credit default swap contract, for delivery purposes.
index credit default swap
credit default swap that references a family of standardized credit derivative indices, where the underlying reference entities are a defined basket of credit from a particular geographic region (e.g. Asia, North America, Europe), and/or credit rating level (e.g. emerging markets, high yield, investment grade)
Credit default indices trade in standard maturities, and the reference entities are typically the most liquid; the reference portfolio is reassessed periodically to maintain this.
index tranche credit default swap
credit default swap that references a synthetic collateralized debt obligation (CDO) based on a credit index where each tranche references a different segment of the loss distribution of the underlying index
Each tranche has a different priority of claims on the principal and interest flows from the collateral pool, and is traditionally portioned into rising levels of seniority.
loan credit default swap
credit default swap whose underlying reference obligation is limited strictly to syndicated secured loans, rather than any type of corporate debt
LCDS
multi-name credit default swap
credit default swap that references more than one obligation or borrower
For instance, a multiname contract could be written to cover defaults in a reference portfolio (such as in the case of a basket credit default swap) or, as has been increasingly common over the past couple of decades,be based on an index of commonly negotiated single-name CDS. The latter are generally called CDS indexes.
notifying party
party responsible for issuing one or more formal notices indicating that an event that is relevant to a given contract has taken place
The notifying party is the party that notifies the other party when a credit or other triggering event has occurred by means of a credit event notice. If more than one party is referenced as being the notifying party then either party may notify the other of such an occurrence.
settlement auction
independently administered synthetic auction process on a set of defined deliverable obligations that sets the reference final price that can be used to facilitate cash settlement of all covered transactions following a credit event
single name credit default swap
credit default swap whose underlying risk is a single reference obligation, or a single reference entity, such as a corporation or a sovereign borrower
triggering event
event that relates to or triggers some aspect of a credit default swap
A triggering event is typically a credit event, but could be anything that happens in the marketplace. For example, a weather-specific contract could be triggered by a hurricane - which wouldn't be considered a credit event per se.
allows substitution
indicates whether it is possible to substitute other obligations in place of the specified deliverable obligation
has contract price
specifies a predetermined price at which the buyer purchases the credit default swap contract
has minimum quotation amount
indicates a minimum intended threshold amount of outstanding principal balance of the reference obligation for which the quote should be obtained
has quotation method
indicates the nature of the pricing quotations to be requested from banks and/or dealers when determining the market value of the reference obligation for purposes of cash settlement
has scheduled termination date
date on which credit protection is due to expire as agreed by both parties
agricultural resource
negotiable commodity that is obtained via some agricultural process, including forestry, fishing, livestock, grain, dairy, corn, cocoa, soybeans, sugar, coffee
ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10
base metal
common metal that tarnishes, oxidizes, or corrodes relatively quickly when exposed to air or moisture, that is widely used in commercial and industrial applications, such as construction and manufacturing
Base metals or alloys include metals other than precious metals, such as copper, lead, zinc, tin, iron, steel, or brass. Note that iron and steel are included under metal and metal products in some classification schemes - see https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/WPU101 for example.
custom basket whose constituents consist of one or more negotiable commodities
A commodity basket may contain constituents from one of the potential underlying assets or from multiple underlying assets.
bullion
physical precious metal that is officially recognized as being at least 99.5 percent pure
In the United States, bullion that is eligible for reference in a commodities contract may include U.S. gold Buffalo coins minted by the U.S. Mint that are 1 troy ounce, 0.5 ounce, 0.25 ounce, or 0.10 ounce; 1 ounce silver coins; certain platinum coins; and gold, silver, palladium, and platinum bullion that meet or exceed the fineness requirements of a regulated futures contract. Bullion must also be certified by an approved certifier, typically identified by an exchange, including but not limited to the U.S. Mint.
Physical metals fall into two categories: (1) bullion, which are coins, ingots or bars of a specific weight and purity; and (2) "numismatic" or collectible coins, which can be rare or old coins, or special proofs that are newly minted as collectibles. If a particular asset is identified as "numismatic" or "collectible", it is, by definition, not considered bullion aside from its melt value.
component of a custom commodity basket whose relative importance with respect to other basket constituents is known
derivative instrument whose primary underlying item is a physical commodity, or the price, or related index, or any other aspect related to a physical commodity
The price of any commodity used as the basis for a commodity derivative may vary according to supply and demand as of the execution date of the contract and at various other times during the lifetime of the contract depending on contract terms. Valuation of a commodity derivative may depend on the spot price for the underlying commodity, futures price, supply and demand, convenience yield, cost of money and/or interest rates, volatility, which models were used to predict future pricing, and so forth.
underlier of a commodity derivative, including, but not limited to, the negotiable commodity itself
The underlying of a commodity swap may include a physical commodity, or the price, or behavior of the price, or any other aspect of a physical commodity.
commodity forward
forward contract in which a buyer and seller agree upon delivery of a specified quality and quantity of goods at a specified future date
CFTC glossary
Commodity forwards are often settled via cash transactions in many industries, including for the purposes of commodity merchandising. Terms may be more "personalized" than is the case with standardized futures contracts (i.e., delivery time and amount are as determined between seller and buyer). A price may be agreed upon in advance, or there may be agreement that the price will be determined at the time of delivery. A forward contract is a private and customizable agreement that settles at the end of the agreement and is traded over-the-counter.
commodity future
futures contract to buy or sell a predetermined amount of a commodity at a specific price on a specific date in the future
A commodity future is an agreement to purchase or sell a commodity for delivery in the future: (1) at a price that is determined at initiation of the contract; (2) that obligates each party to the contract to fulfill the contract at the specified price; (3) that is used to assume or shift price risk; and (4) that may be satisfied by delivery or offset.
commodity index
investment vehicle that tracks a basket of commodities to measure their price and investment return performance
commodity option
option where the option buyer has the right to buy or sell specified commodities or commodity related index at a fixed price or formula, on or before a specified date
commodity return leg
leg of a commodity return swap in which the return is based on a physical commodity, or the price, or behavior of the price, or any other aspect related to a physical commodity
The cash flows from a commodity may be negative as you have a cost from holding the commodity but there are no interim cash flows, so it equates to a negative interest rate. So a commodity swap is like a TRS in that it is based on the return on the increase in value.
commodity spot contract
contract that involves physical delivery of the commodity asset at settlement
commodity swap
commodity derivative that includes, without limitation, any swap for which the primary underlying notional item is a physical commodity, or the price, or behavior of the price, or the level of a commodity index, or other aspect related to a physical commodity
Commodities that can be swapped include: energy. metal, agriculture, environmental, freight, polypropylene products, fertilizer, paper, single and multiple commodity indexes and baskets, and multi-commodity assets where each leg references a different commodity.
Commodity swaps typically involve the exchange of a floating commodity price for a set price over an agreed-upon period.
energy resource
negotiable commodity that is an energy-related product, or a derivative of an energy-related product, including electricity, renewable energy, or any power/energy delivered through a utility network of provider; diesel fuel, fuel oil, gas oil, gasoline, heating oil, jet fuel, kerosene, natural gas, oil (Brent, Tapis, Dubai, WTI)
Note that the concept of an energy resource overlaps with generated resource and extraction resource but is not identical to either.
energy transmission rights
rights to the transmission of power across an electricity distribution network
environmental resource
negotiable commodity including offset credits
extraction resource
negotiable commodity that is a mineral resource obtained via withdrawal from the natural environment
These resources include ores, which contain commercially valuable amounts of metals, such as iron and aluminum, as well as precious metals, such as silver, gold, and platinum; precious stones, such as diamonds; building stones, such as granite; and solid fuels, such as coal and oil shale.
fertilizer resource
negotiable commodity that includes ammonia, diammonium phosphate (DAP), potash, sulphur, urea, urea and ammonium nitrate (UAN)
freight resource
negotiable commodity that is a freight index route
gas commodity
extraction resource that is natural gas
generated resource
negotiable commodity obtained via some generation process, including electricity, renewable energy, or any power/energy delivered through a utility network or provider
grain commodity
agricultural resource that is a small, hard seed, of a food plant, especially of a cereal plant, such as wheat, corn, rye, oats, rice, and millet
industrial resource
negotiable commodity that is obtained via some industrial process, including construction and manufacturing
meat commodity
agricultural resource derived from the flesh of an animal (especially a mammal), such as pork bellies
metal
material that, when freshly prepared, polished, or fractured, shows a lustrous appearance, and conducts electricity and heat relatively well
Examples include precious or industrial metal, such as aluminium, copper, gold, lead, nickel, platinum, silver, tin, zinc.
oil commodity
generated resource that is a viscous liquid derived from petroleum, including for use as fuel, or as a lubricant, and the manufacture of many types of paints, plastics, and other materials
oil grade
measure of the viscosity of oil during operation
paper resource
negotiable commodity that is a paper product, including containerboard, newsprint, pulp, recovered paper
polypropylene resource
negotiable commodity including plastics
service resource
negotiable commodity involving services such as transportation, communications, and trade
derivative instrument whose primary underlying notional item is based on something related to the weather, for example, the average temperature in Chicago in January
CFTC glossary, https://www.cftc.gov/LearnAndProtect/EducationCenter/CFTCGlossary/glossary_wxyz.html
In the CFI standard, weather is classified as an environmental resource.
Such a derivative can be used to hedge risks related to the demand for heating fuel or electricity. The underlying 'asset' is not a negotiable commodity per se, but because the weather can impact the prices and other things related to other commodities, weather derivatives are treated as commodity derivatives for regulatory purposes.
indicates the per unit value of a given commodity as of some specified date
has grade
The grade of oil e.g. Brent Crude.
currency derivative
agreement to deliver and settle a given amount of money in one currency, in exchange for a given amount in another currency at an agreed rate of exchange
FX derivative
foreign exchange derivative
forex derivative
currency forward
agreement to deliver and settle a given amount of money in one currency, in exchange for a given amount in another currency, at an agreed date in the future and at an agreed rate of exchange
FX forward
foreign exchange forward
currency forward outright
forward contract in a foreign exchange market that locks in the price at which an entity must buy or sell a currency on a future date
The holders of a currency forward are obligated to buy or sell the currency at a specified price, at a specified quantity and on a specified future date. These contracts cannot be transferred. Jan 10 Review Notes Outright Forward is the term for the professional markets. Spot + Swap where Swap is 2 simultaneous transactions.
forward outright
outright forward currency transaction
currency option
option giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell currency at a specified exchange rate during a specified period of time
FX option
For this right, a premium is paid to the broker, which will vary depending on the number of contracts purchased. Currency options are one of the best ways for corporations or individuals to hedge against adverse movements in exchange rates. Investors can hedge against foreign currency risk by purchasing a currency option put or call. For example, assume that an investor believes that the USD/EUR rate is going to increase from 0.80 to 0.90 (meaning that it will become more expensive for a European investor to buy U.S dollars). In this case, the investor would want to buy a call option on USD/EUR so that he or she could stand to gain from an increase in the exchange rate (or the USD rise).
foreign exchange option
forex option
currency spot contract
foreign-exchange contract for immediate delivery
Spot rates represent the price that a buyer expects to pay for a foreign currency in another currency at the time of the quote. Though the spot exchange rate is said to be settled immediately, the globally accepted settlement cycle for foreign-exchange contracts is two days. Foreign-exchange contracts are therefore settled on the second day after the day the deal is made.
foreign exchange spot contract
currency spot forward swap
foreign exchange agreement between two parties involving an exchange of two currencies at agreed fixed rates: a) on the spot settlement date and b) a reverse exchange on a later specified date
ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15
currency swap
foreign exchange agreement between two parties to exchange a given amount of one currency for another currency for spot delivery or for forward delivery at an agreed rate after a specified period of time
In the case of a 'forward-forward' swap, both legs will be of type CurrencyFoward.
currency volatility option
currency option whose underlying asset is based on the volatility of a foreign exchange rate
foreign exchange master agreement
product-specific master agreement intended to reflect best market practice and to provide a standard agreement for participants in the foreign exchange markets
The Foreign Exchange Committee of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York has approved and authorized publication of the Foreign Exchange and Options Master Agreement to cover foreign exchange spot and forward transactions as well as currency options.
The International Foreign Exchange Master Agreement (IFEMA) was published jointly by the British Bankers' Association and The Foreign Exchange Committee of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York in 1993 (an amended version was published in 1995). Foreign exchange settlement netting provisions are specified in such master agreements.
foreign exchange settlement netting provision
settlement netting provision that is specific to foreign exchange contracts
Foreign exchange settlement netting, if between two counterparties, which is also referred to as bilateral settlement netting in this case, can take one of two forms, payment netting or novation netting. Often, one of these two methods will be found in combination with close-out netting in master agreements between trading counterparties. Close-out netting, as distinct from payment or novation netting, provides for contract liquidation procedures in the event that one of the parties defaults under a contract or become bankrupt. Payment and novation netting describe the day-to-day processes of calculating and paying net amounts.
has forward exchange rate
rate of exchange between two currencies as specified in a forward contract
has spot exchange rate
rate of exchange between two currencies as specified as of some date and time as quoted by a specific source, typically for a spot contract
expression that specifies a calculation of a cash flow as a component of a cashflow formula
formula for determining cashflows for a derivative instrument
terms setting out a cashflow structure of payments committed to by one party to a contract
Swap cashflows are known as Swapstreams and are the terms for payment to and from either party. These are defined in swap transaction messages and represent the terms of the contract implied by that transaction. Options (Nordea reviews): Cashflows are defined as Payouts. This is not the same as a model of a cashflow which is a consequence of applying some legal term for payment of interest or principal, but is a commitment expressed in purely cashflow terms. Review this though. Payout terms include: Values - values can only go up or down; Static values are defined for limits and the like. i.e. Constraints (and direction) - this covers caps and floors - these are read upward or downward Conditionality Formula relations (Input and Output): - these are values - these may have a cap or a floor on them also - these also may have Multiplication - there is also fixed margin - may have addition or substraction between these Linearity in covered in the above Timing / expiry Observaton (not terms): Probability Sensitivity
contract for difference
cash-settled derivative where the parties agree to exchange on the maturity of the contract the difference between the current value of the underlying asset and the initial value of that asset when the contract is initiated
For example, suppose the initial price of share XYZ is $100 and a CFD for 1000 shares is exchanged. Both the buyer and seller must post some margin. If the price goes to $105, then the buyer gets $5,000 from the seller. If the price goes to $95, the buyer pays the seller $5,000. This contract avoids ownership of the stock and all the associated transactions issues (like stamp taxes). The contract also allows for leverage (typically 10:1) because the margin that must be posted is only a fraction of the value of the underlying asset.
CFD
These contracts can also be on the difference of two assets' prices. They can also be on the difference of a single asset of different maturities (like a bond or futures contracts).
spread trading
credit derivative
derivative instrument that is a privately held, negotiable bilateral contract traded over-the-counter (OTC) between two parties in a creditor/debtor relationship, enabling the creditor to effectively transfer some or all of the risk of a debtor defaulting to a third party
Examples include credit default swaps (CDS), collateralized debt obligations (CDO), total return swaps, and credit spread options and forwards.
The third party accepts the risk in return for payment, known as the premium.
settlement terms specifying additional details with respect to what is to be delivered when, to whom, under what conditions at the time of settlement
contractual terms specific to derivative contracts, including terms related to payments and delivery between parties
clearing house that enables parties to substitute the credit of the DCO for the credit of the parties
For options, the derivatives clearing organization is responsible for clearing transactions for put and call options on common stocks and other equity issues, stock indexes, foreign currencies, interest rate composites and single-stock futures.
Substitution may be done through contract novation, for example. A derivatives clearing organization (DCO) also arranges or provides, on a multilateral basis, for the settlement or netting of obligations, or otherwise provides clearing services or arrangements that mutualize or transfer credit risk among participants.
rate-based derivative whose underlier is some economic indicator
forward rate agreement
agreement to exchange an interest rate commitment on a notional amount at a future date
FRA
The FRA determines the rates to be used along with the termination date and notional value. FRAs are cash-settled with the payment based on the net difference between the interest rate of the contract and the floating rate in the market called the reference rate. The notional amount is not exchanged, but rather a cash amount based on the rate differentials and the notional value of the contract.
rate-based derivative whose underlier is an interest rate
For example, interest rate derivative strategies are the simultaneous trading of two or more rate contracts in which two counterparties agree to exchange interest rate cash flows on defined dates during an agreed period, based on a specified notional amount, from a fixed rate to a floating rate, floating to fixed, fixed to fixed, or floating to floating.
ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth edition, 2019-10
broker that solicits or accepts orders for derivatives that are traded on or subject to the rules of an exchange
Introducing brokers do not accept money, securities, or property (or extend credit in lieu thereof) to margin, guarantee, or secure any trades or contracts that result or may result.
specification for the value for something discernible and for which evidence can be obtained
Derivatives, such as certain exotics, can be based on values ascribed to virtually anything, including weather. Typically, however, an observable value refers to something that can be readily observed in the marketplace, such as a quoted rate (e.g., interest rate, exchange rate), index value, commodity price, stock price, economic indicator, or something similar as of some point in time.
ISO 4914:2021(en), Financial services - Unique product identifier (UPI)
derivative instrument that is not listed on an organized exchange
ISO 4914 defines an OTC derivative instrument as a financial instrument that is, or would be, identified by an ISIN with the prefix 'EZ' or 'ZZ'. Details regarding how the prefix of an ISIN is determined can be found in ISO 6166:2020, Annex A.
financial instrument and bilateral contract that is not listed on an organized exchange
terms for a set of cashflows defined according to a mathematical formula
party responsible for making payments in a transaction specified in a contract
derivative instrument where the holder has the right but may not have the obligation, depending on the nature of the instrument, to enter into the underlying contract, or pay or receive payment related to the underlying financial rate (or rate contract) on a specified future date based on a specified future rate and term
Examples of rate-based derivatives include interest rate swaps, forward rate agreements (FRAs), and interest rate options such as caps, floors, and collars.
Rate-based derivatives derive their value from movements in some rate, e.g, an interest rate, market rate, economic indicator, statistical measure calculated over some collection of indices, rather than from traditional assets like stocks or commodities. They are commonly used by institutions to manage risks associated with interest rate fluctuations.
party that receives payments in a transaction specified in a contract
underlying asset valuation
assessment activity to estimate the value of an underlying asset of a derivative
sequence of characters uniquely identifying an OTC derivative product that is reportable to a trade repository
At a minimum, the UPI code is applicable to OTC derivative instruments falling under the following categories of the Classification of Financial Instruments (ISO 10962): - Swaps (S) - Forwards (J) - Non-listed and complex listed options (H) - Others (miscellaneous) (M)
The UPI code consists of 12 alphanumeric characters decomposed as follows: - the two-character prefix 'QZ' - nine alphanumeric characters (upper case A-Z and 0-9 only, excluding the vowel characters (A, E, I, O, U) and the character Y) without separators or special characters - one alphanumeric check character (A-Z and 0-9 only, excluding the vowel characters (A, E, I, O, U) and the character Y), calculated using the method specified in Annex C of the specification document.
unique product identifier reference data library
set of data comprised of reference data elements with specific values that together describe the product
unique product identifier registry entry
entry in a unique product identifier registry
The Reference Data Library (RDL) is a set of reference data elements, together with their values, which is properly organized and maintained by the UPI service provider. The library associates UPI codes with the values of the reference data elements characterizing the product. Each entry in the library (the registry entry) contains a minimum number of elements as defined in the ISO standard, and may be extended by the service provider.
unique product identifier service provider
organization designated by an external body of financial regulators to assign UPIs and operate a UPI reference data library
At the time of publication of the ISO 4914 standard, there was only one such provider, the Regulatory Oversight Committee, confirmed by the Financial Stability Board as the International Governance Body for globally harmonised identifiers used to track OTC derivatives transactions.
contract terms specific to valuation of the underlying asset(s)
has accreting notional amount
indicates that the notional amount increases through the life of the contract
ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10, clause 6.8.2
has additional costs
indicates costs, such as up front costs, brokerage fees and the like, that must be paid on delivery
has amortizing notional amount
indicates that the notional amount decreases through the life of the contract
has constant notional amount
indicates that the notional amount is constant through the life of the contract
has custom notional amount
indicates that the notional amount is customized per a notional step schedule
has first delivery date
specifies the initial date in a range of dates by which the underlying asset (or some portion thereof) must be delivered in order for the terms of the contract to be fulfilled
has first notice date
specifies the initial date on which a delivery notice can be issued
has last delivery date
specifies the final date in a range of dates by which the underlying asset (or some portion thereof) must be delivered in order for the terms of the contract to be fulfilled
has last notice date
specifies the final date on which a delivery notice can be issued
has settlement terms
relates a derivative to contractual terms specific to the settlement process
has tick value
indicates the cash value of one tick, i.e., the minimum price change of the contract
specifies a price for something on which the contract is based
has valuation terms
relates a derivative to contractual terms specific to valuation of the underlying asset(s)
specifies value of
account change notification obligation
obligation to notify a counterparty of any changes in account details
Example text: "Either party may change its account for receiving a payment or delivery by giving notice to the other party at least five Local Business Days prior to the scheduled date for the payment or delivery to which such change applies unless such other party gives timely notice of a reasonable objection to such change." Note that the notice period is given as a fact about the general kind of obligation which is Master Agreement Change notification Obligation.
derivative credit support agreement
addendum to the master agreement that governs the exchange of collateral between parties in derivatives transactions
Note that in the case of a derivative credit support agreement, the beneficiary actually holds the collateral and has the right to ask for additional collateral if its value falls below the threshold agreed upon per the agreement.
derivative master agreement
master agreement covering derivatives transactions to be carried out between the parties to this contract
Related to conditions precedent that may apply: "Each obligation of each party under Section 2(a)(i) is subject to (1) the condition precedent that no Event of Default or Potential Event of Default with respect to the other party has occurred and is continuing, (2) the condition precedent that no Early Termination Date in respect of the relevant Transaction has occurred or been effectively designated and (3) each other applicable condition precedent specified in this Agreement. " In the above, the Obligations defined under Section 2(a)(i) of the Master Agrement is the obligation to make each payment or delivery defined in a Confirmation for a transaction carried out under this Master Agreement.
Sample preamble to one of these: "EXAMPLE BANK, a Michigan banking corporation and SAMPLECOMPANY US, INC. a Delaware corporation have entered and/or anticipate entering into one or more transactions (each a "Transaction") that are or will be governed by this Master Agreement, which includes the schedule (the "Schedule"), and the documents and other confirming evidence (each a "Confirmation") exchanged between the parties confirming those Transactions. "
The ISDA Master Agreement (Multicurrency-Cross Border version published in 1992) enables trading counterparties to include foreign exchange transactions under a global cross-product close-out netting master agreement. Because there are significant differences in market practices between the derivatives markets and the international foreign exchange spot and forward markets, parties to the ISDA frequently incorporate the ISDA FX and Currency Options Definitions and further tailor the ISDA Schedule to reflect standard market practice for the foreign exchange products.
master agreement early termination right
contractual right of a party to the master agreement to terminate the agreement early
This generally arises from some default event on the part of the other party.
strategy that uses an arithmetic mean calculation
Asian option
option whose exercise terms involve a payoff determined by the average underlying price (either the strike price or the settlement price) of the underlying asset over a predetermined period
For an Asian call option using arithmetic averaging and a 30-day period for sampling the data: On Nov. 1, a trader purchased a 90-day arithmetic call option on stock XYZ with an exercise price of $22, where the averaging is based on the value of the stock after each 30-day period. The stock price after 30, 60, and 90 days was $21.00, $22.00, and $24.00. The arithmetic average (mean) is (21.00 + 22.00 + 24.00) / 3 = 22.33. The profit is the average minus the strike price 22.33 - 22 = 0.33 or $33.00 per 100 share contract. As with standard options, if the average price is below the strike price, the loss is limited to the premium paid for the call options.
The averaging can be either a geometric or arithmetic average.
ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019.
These options allow the buyer to purchase (or sell) the underlying asset at the average price instead of the spot price. There are various ways to interpret the word 'average,' and that needs to be specified in the options contract. Typically, the average price is a geometric or arithmetic average of the price of the underlying asset at discreet intervals, which are also specified in the options contract. Because of the averaging feature, Asian options reduce the volatility inherent in the option; therefore, Asian options are typically cheaper than European or American options. They are used by traders who are exposed to the underlying asset over some time, such as consumers and suppliers of commodities, etc.
financial instrument classifier that classifies Asian options based on whether they are rate-based or price based
Asian option classifier indicating that the payoff is based on the difference between a fixed strike price and the calculated average price of the underlying
Asian option classifier indicating that the payoff is based on the difference between the price of the underlying at expiration and a strike price equal to the calculated average price of the underlying issue
averaging strategy
method used for calculating the average rate or price of an Asian option
barrier option
option whose final exercise depends upon the path taken by the price of an underlying instrument, i.e., whose payoff depends on whether or not the underlying asset has reached or exceeded a predetermined price
For a knock-out barrier option, the option is cancelled if the underlying price crosses a predetermined barrier level; for a knock-in barrier option, the option becomes available-for-exercise if the underlying price crosses a predetermined barrier level.
A barrier option can be a knock-out, meaning it expires worthless if the underlying exceeds a certain price, limiting profits for the holder and limiting losses for the writer. It can also be a knock-in, meaning it has no value until the underlying reaches a certain price. Barrier options can be puts or calls. Barrier options typically have cheaper premiums than traditional vanilla options, primarily because the barrier increases the chances of the option expiring worthless. A trader may choose the cheaper (relative to a comparable vanilla) barrier option if they feel it is quite likely the underlying will hit the barrier.
Barrier features include any terms related to exercising the option ahead of the expiry date.
chooser option
exotic option that allows its holder (buyer) to exercise the right to buy (call) or sell (put) specified assets at a fixed price whereby the buyer does not have to decide whether the contract will be a put or a call until an agreed future date, prior to expiration
For example, assume a trader wants to have an option position for the updated XYZ Inc. earnings release. They think the stock will have a big move, but they are not sure in which direction. The earnings release is in one month, so the trader decides to buy a chooser option that will expire about three weeks after the earnings release. They believe this should provide enough time for the stock to make a significant move if it is going to make one, and fully digest the earnings release. Therefore, the option they choose will expire in seven to eight weeks. The chooser option allows them to exercise the option as a call if the price of XYZ rises, or as a put if the price falls. At the time of the chooser option purchase, XYZ is trading at $28. The trader chooses an at-the-money strike price of $28 and pays a premium of $2 or $200 for one contract ($2 x 100 shares). The buyer can't exercise the option prior to expiry since it is a European option. At expiry, the trader will determine if they will exercise the option as a call or put. Assume the price of XYZ at the time of expiry is $31. This is higher than the strike price of $28, therefore the trader will exercise the option as a call. Their profit is $1 ($31 - $28 - $2) or $100. If XYZ is trading between $28 and $29.99 the trader will still choose to exercise the option as a call, but they will still be losing money since the profit is not enough to offset their $2 cost. $30 is the breakeven point on the call. If the price of BAC is below $28, the trader will exercise the option as a put. In this case, $26 is the breakeven point ($28 - $2). If the underlying is trading between $28 and $26.01 the trader will lose money since the price didn't fall enough to offset the cost of the option. If the price of BAC falls below $26, say to $24, the trader will make money on the put. Their profit is $2 ($28 - $24 - $2) or $200.
Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) glossary, https://www.cftc.gov/LearnAndProtect/EducationCenter/CFTCGlossary/glossary_c.html
A chooser option is an option contract that allows the holder to decide whether it is a call or put prior to the expiration date. Chooser options usually have the same strike price and expiration date regardless of what decision the holder makes. Because the option could benefit from upside or downside movement, chooser options provide investors a great deal of flexibility and thus may cost more than comparable vanilla options. Chooser options are typically European style, and have one strike price and one expiration date regardless of whether the option is exercised as a call or put.
cliquet option
exotic option that is a series of at-the-money (ATM) options, either puts or calls, where each successive option becomes active when the previous one expires
A cliquet is a cash-settled, exotic option that settles at predetermined dates and then resets its strike price based on the price of the underlying security at the time of settlement. Each new option within the cliquet enters into force when the previous option expires. The total premium and the exact reset dates are known at the time of transacting a cliquet. Investors can opt to receive their payout when each option expires or wait until the entire series plays out.
A cliquet is a series of forward start options, all related to each other. Each forward start option represents the advance purchase of a put, or call, option with an at-the-money (ATM) strike price to be determined at a later date, typically when the option becomes active. A forward start option becomes active at a specified date in the future. The premium is paid in advance, while the time to expiration and the underlying security are established at the time the forward start option is purchased. If at the first settlement date the underlying security trades below the strike price of the option (for a call), then it expires worthless and resets to the price of the underlying security at the time of settlement. If at the end of the next settlement the underlying security trades above the new strike, the holder may elect to receive the difference between the market price of the underlying security and the strike price. Alternatively, the holder can let it ride to receive the sum of all payouts at maturity. The main advantage of initiating a cliquet is, if an investor expects volatility to rise, they can lock in their profits at predetermined levels and thus maximize their overall portfolio return.
rachet option
commodore option
exotic option consisting of a number of digital barrier options that pay a coupon if a pre-determined level of the underlying or basket of underlyings is reached
A three-year commodore option with annual barriers would have three potential payoffs. The first would pay at the end of the first year and would be dependent on the pre-determined barrier being reached or exceeded. For example, if the underlying or basket of underlyings reached or exceeded 102% of its initial level at the end of year one, a coupon of 6% would be paid. At the end of year two, if the underlying reached or exceeded 104% of its initial level, another 6% coupon would be paid. The coupon in the final year would be 6% if the underlying reached or exceeded 106%. The coupon should exceed the performance level of the underlying, otherwise the investor would achieve the same result by investing directly in the underlying.
Sometimes the digital barrier increases with the number of years since the trade began. All of the options are active from the start of the trade.
compound option
exotic option for which the underlying asset is another option
For example, assume an investor wants to buy a put to sell 100 shares of stock at $50. The stock is currently trading at $55. The investor could buy a Call-Put, which allows them to buy a call now, for say $1 per share ($100), which will allow them to buy a put with a $50 strike in the future. They pay the $1 per share now, but only need to pay the fee for the second option if they exercise the first resulting in them receiving the second option.
Therefore, there are two strike prices and two exercise dates. They are available for any combination of calls and puts. For example, a put where the underlying is a call option or a call where the underlying is a put option. The underlying is the second option, while the initial option is called the overlying. If the compound option is exercised, there are two premiums.
split-fee options
digital option
exotic option that has a pre-determined payout if the option is in-the-money and the payoff condition is satisfied
For example, let's say the ABC Index is trading at a level of 2,795 on June 2. An investor believes the ABC Index will trade above 2,800 before the end of the trading day, June 4th. The trader purchases 10 ABC Index options at a strike price of 2,800 options for $40 per contract. If the ABC Index closes above 2,800 at the end of the trading day on June 4, the investor is paid $100 per contract, which is a profit of $60 per contract or $600 (($100 - $40) x 10 contracts). However, if the ABC Index closes below 2,800 on June 4. The investor loses all of the premium amount or $400 ($40 x 10 contracts).
There is an upfront fee called the premium for digital options, which is the maximum loss for the option. Unlike traditional options, digital options don't convert or exercise to the underlying asset's shares. Instead, they pay out a fixed reward if the asset's price is above or below the option's strike price.
binary option
double barrier option
barrier option applied to currencies or over the counter stocks that works as a binary, or digital option in that it pays out only under defined circumstances, or it is worthless, at expiration
Considered an exotic option, a double barrier option is a combination of two single barrier options, with one barrier above and one barrier below the current price of the underlying. It is a bet by the holder that the underlying asset will move significantly, in the case of a knock-in barrier option, or will move by a very small amount, in the case of a knock-out barrier option, over the life of the contract. Traders use these options when they have an opinion on volatility but not on the direction of the underlying asset's next price move. A barrier option is a type of option where the payoff, and the very existence of the option, depends on whether or not the underlying asset reaches a predetermined price.
fixed lookback strike expression
cashflow expression specifying the arguments required to calculate the fixed price at which the lookback option is to be exercised
floating lookback strike expression
cashflow expression specifying the arguments required to calculate the best projected price at which the lookback option may be exercised
forward start option
exotic option that is fully specified with respect to a set expiry date, underlying asset and other parameters, purchased and paid for on initiation, but that becomes active at a set activation date with a strike price determined at the time of activation
For example, assume that two parties agree to enter into a call forward start option on XYZ stock. It is September and they agree that the forward start option will activate on January 1 at the money. That means on January 1 the strike price for the option will be the price that stock is trading at on that day. The option will expire in June. The exact strike price is unknown, but the parties do know the strike and underlying's price will be the same at activation. They can look at current six-month options (January to June) and assess volatility to determine a premium for the option. They agree to trade one contract, equivalent to 100 shares of the underlying stock. They decide on a premium of $40, or $4,000 for the contract ($40 x 100 shares). The call buyer agrees to pay the $4,000 now (September), even though the option doesn't activate till January. On January 1, assume the stock price is $400. The strike is set at $400, and an option is now a vanilla option with a June expiry. At the June expiry, assume XYZ is trading at $420. In this case, the option is worth $20 ($420 - $400 strike). If they settle in cash, the buyer receives $2,000, or if they exercise, they receive 100 shares at $400 and can keep them, or sell them at $420 to make $2,000. Notice that this still results in a loss for the buyer, since they paid $4,000 but are only receiving back $2,000. To make money on the call, the price of the underlying needs to move above the strike price plus the premium. Therefore, if the price moves up to $450 by expiration, the option is worth $50 ($450 - $400 strike), and the buyer receives $5,000. That's a net profit of $1,000 over their $4,000 cost. If the underlying is trading below the $400 strike at expiry, the call option expires worthless and the buyer's premium is lost ($4,000 profit to the seller).
For example, the people buying/selling the option could specify that the strike will be at the money (ATM) at activation, or 3% or 5% in the money or out of the money (OTM). Since it is a customized contract, they can negotiate any terms they want.
Forward start options typically attempt to keep future strike prices at the money or near the money. In this way, the holder will have the right, but not the obligation, to buy (call) or sell (put) the underlying asset in the future at or near the then-current market price. Knowing where the strike price will be in relation to the underlying's price makes it easier to come up with the premium (cost) of the option, which is also typically determined and paid at the initiation of the contract prior to the activation date. If, at the expiration date, the underlying trades below the strike price of the option (for a call), then it expires worthless. If the underlying is above the strike (for a call), then the holder exercises it and owns the underlying at the strike price. For a put option, if the underlying is below the strike price, the option has value and will be sold or exercised to realize a gain. If the underlying is above the strike price, the option will expire worthless. Typically, as with most options, the holder may sell the option if it is in the money and take the cash instead of exercising the option. Since it is an exotic option, the seller and buyer of the option may also agree to settle the option with cash instead of delivering the underlying. Once a forward start option becomes active (strike price is set), then the option is valued like a vanilla option.
The only unknown for the contract is the strike price. In terms of pricing the contract, the future price of the underlying asset is also unknown. The contract typically stipulates some parameters for where the strike price will be in relation to the underlying asset's price.
strategy that uses an geometric mean calculation
interest rate cap option
interest rate derivative in which the buyer receives payments at the end of each period in which the interest rate exceeds the agreed strike price
An example of a cap would be an agreement to receive a payment for each month the LIBOR rate exceeds 2.5%.
The interest in each period is effectively capped by the strike rate. That is, the rate of interest may not go above the strike rate because the holder is expected to exercise the option to take the strike as the rate of interest instead.
interest rate floor option
interest rate derivative in which the buyer receives payments at the end of each period in which the interest rate is below the agreed strike price
knock-in option
barrier option that is not triggered until a certain price threshold is met
Assume an investor purchases a knock-in put option with a down Direction, with a barrier price of $90 and a strike price of $100. The underlying security is trading at $110, and the option expires in three months. If the price of the underlying security reaches $90, the option comes into existence and becomes a vanilla option with a strike price of $100. Thereafter, the holder of the option has the right to sell the underlying asset at the strike price of $100, even though it is trading below $90. It is this right that gives the option value. The put option remains active until the expiration date, even if the underlying security rebounds back above $90. However, if the underlying asset does not fall below the barrier price during the life of the contract, the down-and-in option expires worthless. Just because the barrier is reached does not assure a profit on the trade since the underlying would need to stay below $100 (after triggering the barrier) in order for the option to have value.
If the price is never reached, it is as if the contract never existed. However, if the underlying asset reaches a specified barrier, the knock-in option comes into existence. The difference between a knock-in and knock-out option is that a knock-in option comes into existence only when the underlying security reaches a barrier, while a knock-out option ceases to exist when the underlying security reaches a barrier.
knock-out option
barrier option with a built-in mechanism to expire as worthless if a specified price level in the underlying asset is reached
Assume an investor purchases a Knock-Out call option with a down Direction, also called a 'Down and Out Option', on a stock that is trading at $60 with a strike price of $55 and a barrier of $50. Assume the stock trades below $50, at any time, before the call option expires. Therefore, the down-and-out call option promptly ceases to exist.
A knock-out option sets a cap on the level an option can reach in the holder's favor. As knock-out options limit the profit potential for the option buyer, they can be purchased for a smaller premium than an equivalent option without a knock-out stipulation.
lookback option
exotic option that minimizes the uncertainties related to the timing of market entry, providing the holder the advantage of knowing history when determining when to exercise their option
As a type of exotic option, the lookback allows the user to 'look back,' or review, the prices of an underlying asset over the lifespan of the option after it has been purchased. The holder may then exercise the option based on the most beneficial price of the underlying asset. The holder can take advantage of the widest differential between the strike price and the price of the underlying asset. Lookback options do not trade on major exchanges. Instead, they are unlisted and trade over-the-counter (OTC). This type of option reduces uncertainties associated with the timing of market entry and reduces the chances the option will expire worthlessly. Lookback options are expensive to execute, so these advantages come at a cost.
Lookback options are cash settled options, which means the holder receives a cash settlement at execution based on the most advantageous differential between high and low prices during the purchase period. Sellers of lookback options would price the option at or near the widest expected distance of price differential based on past volatility and demand for the options. The cost to purchase this option would be taken up front. The settlement will equate to the profits they could have made from buying or selling the underlying asset. If the settlement was greater than the initial cost of the option, then the option buyer would have profit at settlement, otherwise loss.
lookback strike terms
terms specifying the value of the underlying asset based on analysis during a specific period, typically ending in the maturity of the option, whereby the payoff is determined by comparing the strike price with the value of the selected price
In the case of a fixed strike, the terms depend on whether the option is a call or put. If it is a call, the calculated payout reflects the difference between a running maximum value of the observable during the lookback period, and the pre-agreed strike.
The payoff may either be the difference between a fixed, pre-agreed Strike Price and the observable, or the difference between the best or worst valuable of the observable and the value of that same observable at maturity of the contract (these are the Fixed and Floating lookback terms respectively). This (per review at Nordea) is not mutually exclusive with the terms for Fixed Strike and Resettable Strike, that is, either of those kinds of strike terms may apply, and Lookback strike terms may also apply.
low exercise price option
exotic option that is a European-style call option with an exercise price of one cent that mimics a futures contract
LEPO
LEPOs function as deep-in-the-money options similar to the stock itself. Both buyer and seller of a LEPO operate on margin. LEPO options are not available on any U.S. exchanges. Since the strike price is so close to zero, the investor purchasing the LEPO gains most of the features of owning the share directly with the major exceptions of dividends and voting rights. They are only available with European style expirations.
mountain range option
exotic option based on multiple underlying securities
Mountain range options are named after a series of mountains, each representing a different type of contract. Some of the most common include: (a) Altiplano options: Altiplano options provide investors with the features of both a traditional vanilla option along with a coupon payment, (b) Annapurna options: coupon rates are determined by the performance of the basket's worst-performing security when it drops under a specified range, (c) Everest options: Everest options place a long-term limit on an investor's option while offering a payout based on the lagging performers in the basket, (d) Atlas options: this type of option eliminates both the best - and worst - performing stocks in a basket of securities, and (e) Himalayan options: traders receive a payout based on the basket's best performing stock; payouts are provided on multiple dates.
The price of a mountain range option is based on multiple variables, the most important of which are the correlations between the individual securities in the basket. Some options have discrete payout levels, such as double the investment or triple the investment, if certain performance metrics are hit by the underlying securities while the option is in effect. Mountain range options cannot be priced with standard closed-form approaches. These exotic instruments instead require Monte Carlo simulation methods. Effects such as volatility skew, which is found in most options, can be even more pronounced within mountain range options.
These options blend some of the key characteristics of basket-style or rainbow options—both of which have more than one underlying security or asset—and range options with multiyear time ranges. Prices are based on multiple variables - notably the correlations between the individual securities in the basket.
observed best value
observed value of the underlying asset as of some date during the lookback period that is considered the best value from the perspective of the option holder during the lookback period (depending on whether the option is a call or put)
projected value at maturity
expected value of the underlying asset at maturity calculated as of some date during the lookback period
rainbow option
exotic option linked to the performances of two or more underlying assets
A best of assets plus cash rainbow effectively has n + 1 payoff possibilities. If we consider a 2 asset "best of plus cash", the payoff at expiry is a choice between Asset 1, Asset 2, or the predetermined cash amount. There is no strike price and the payoff is given as: Rainbow = max(S1, S2, Cash;T)
An asset maximum or minimum payout rainbow is similar to the best of n assets plus cash, with the exception that no cash payoff is possible and there is a strike price for this type of option. The payoff of a call and put are given as: Rainbow-Call = max[0, max(S1, S2) - X] Rainbow-Put = max[0, X - max(S1, S2)] Minimum of n Assets. The counterpart to a maximum of n assets, this rainbow pays out the value of the underperformer of the n assets. The payoff for minimum of 2 asset rainbow calls and puts are given as: Rainbow-Call = max[0, mainS1, S2) - X] Rainbow-Put = max[0, X - min(S1, S2)]
Better of n Assets This type of rainbow is similar to the best of n assets plus cash but with the exception that there is no possible cash payoff, and X is set to 0. With this in mind, a better of 2 assets rainbow is essentially a two-asset call option, with a payoff being: Rainbow = max[0, max(S1, S2)] Worse of n Assets Essentially the opposite to the better of n assets, with the payoff being on the asset with the lower value. We can give the payoff for this option on 2 assets as: Rainbow = max[0, min(S1, S2)]
Rainbbow options can speculate on the best performer in the group or minimum performances of all the underlying assets at one time. Each underlying may be called a color so the sum of all of these factors makes up a rainbow. These structures can be rather exotic and made for institutional clients when referring to financial assets. Rainbow options can be structured in many ways depending on how the performances of each underlying asset are considered. Some pay off based on the best or worst performance among the underlying assets. In other words, it looks at the top or bottom performance and pays off based on that single asset. These are sometimes called 'best of' or 'worst of' rainbow options.
Rainbow options are usually calls or puts on the best or worst of n underlying assets. Like a basket option, which is written on a group of assets and pays out on a weighted-average gain on the basket as a whole, a rainbow option also considers a group of assets, but usually pays out on the level of one of them. A simple example is a call rainbow option written on FTSE 100, Nikkei and S&P 500 which will pay out the difference between the strike price and the level of the index that has risen by the largest amount of the three.
swaption
over-the-counter option that confers the right but not the obligation, to enter into a swap transaction at some time in the future
A swaption, also known as a swap option, refers to an option to enter into an interest rate swap or some other type of swap. In exchange for an options premium, the buyer gains the right but not the obligation to enter into a specified swap agreement with the issuer on a specified future date.
swap option
has Asian tail period
window of time during which averaging of the price of the underlying contract is effective
has first barrier price
has price (or level) that activates or deactivates the option
For a double barrier option, this is the level of the first barrier. Otherwise it is the only barrier price.
has first rebate amount
indicates the percentage of the premium paid by the holder for the option
Both knock-out and knock-in barrier options can contain a provision to provide rebates to holders, if the option does not reach the barrier price and becomes worthless.
has lookback period
window of time during which the lookback is effective
has monitoring frequency
has frequency with respect to how often, in days, the asset price is checked to see if the barrier has been breached
has monitoring period
window of time during which pricing is monitored
has option type election date
indicates the date on which the holder of the chooser option contract determines a choice of either a call or a put
has second barrier price
has price (or level) that the second barrier activates or deactivates in the case of a double barrier option
has second rebate amount
indicates the percentage of the premium paid by the holder in the case of a double barrier option
is above strike price
indicates whether the barrier is crossed when the price of the underlier is above (or below, if not) the strike price (threshold)
uses currency in averaging
indicates the currency used in averaging calculation
uses weighted average
indicates whether a weighted average is being used to calculate the average rate or strike price
basket future
futures contract whose underlying asset is a basket of securities and/or indices
ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
bond future
futures contract whose underlying asset is at least one bond
currency future
futures contract whose underlying asset is an agreement to exchange a specified amount of one currency for another at some point in the future based on pricing stated in the contract
foreign exchange future
forex future
debt instrument future
futures contract whose underlying asset is at least one debt instrument
dividend adjustment period
date period used to calculate the difference, if any between an anticipated dividend and the actual dividend distributed in that period
dividend future
futures contract whose underlying asset is at least one stock dividend
equity forward
forward contract to buy or sell the underlying equity stock, equity index, basket of equity stock, equity futures contract, or equity option at a specified future date at the price specified at the outset of the contract
equity future
futures contract whose underlying asset is at least one equity security, specifically a publicly issued and traded share
financial future
futures contract based on underlying assets excluding commodities
forward
derivative instrument that is privately negotiated between parties to buy the underlier at a specified future date at the price specified in the contract
Certain contracts labeled 'forwards', such as London Metal Exchange (LME) Forwards, are actually futures and are exchange-traded. Some power and gas markets, such as Nord Pool, trade electricity forwards with clearinghouse support. Per the ontology, both would be classified as futures by definition, but naming blurs the lines.
Since forward contracts are not exchange traded, there is no mark-to-market requirement, which allows a buyer to avoid almost all capital outflow initially (though some counterparties might set collateral requirements). The forward price makes the forward contract have no value when the contract is written. However, if the value of the underlying commodity changes, the value of the forward contract becomes positive or negative, depending on the position held. Forwards are priced in a manner similar to futures. Like in the case of a futures contract, the first step in pricing a forward is to add the spot price to the cost of carry (interest forgone, convenience yield, storage costs and interest/dividend received on the underlying). Unlike a futures contract though, the price may also include a premium for counterparty credit risk, and the fact that there is not daily marking to market process to minimize default risk. If there is no allowance for these credit risks, then the forward price will equal the futures price.
The primary distinctions between futures and forwards are (1) forwards are bilateral and privately negotiated, (2) forwards are over-the-counter instruments rather than exchange traded, (3) forwards are fully customizable whereas futures are typically standardized, (4) the risk associated with a forward is assumed by the counterparties whereas it is mitigated via central clearing for futures, and (5) there is typically no margin requirement for a forward whereas futures require margin posting.
forward contract
forward contract adjustment method
method by which adjustments will be made to the contract should one or more of a number of extraordinary events occur
future on future
futures contract whose underlying asset is at least one (other) futures contract
future on option
futures contract whose underlying asset is at least one option contract
future on swap
futures contract whose underlying asset is at least one swap contract
index future
futures contract whose underlying asset is at least one reference index or economic indicator
For each index there may be a different multiple for determining the price of the futures contract.
interest rate future
futures contract with an interest-bearing instrument as the underlying asset
Most interest rate futures that trade on American exchanges use U.S. Treasury securities, such as Treasury bills, Treasury bonds, certificates of deposit, Treasury notes, and Ginnie Mae securities, as the underlying asset.
money market future
futures contract with a money market instrument as the underlying asset
standardized futures listing terms
contract terms established by a derivatives exchange that apply to any listing of a futures contract on that exchange.
Individual listings will take on these standard terms but they are not contractual terms of the futures contract, they are facts about that listing on that exchange.
standardized futures terms
contract terms established by a derivatives exchange that apply to any futures contract traded on that exchange
Standard symbology for the commodities are standardized by the exchanges as part of their standard contracts, for example trading in standard bushels, commonly defined kinds of oil and so on. These give the units in which lot sizes are described and defined.
has conversion factor
indicates the price of the delivered bond/note ($1 par value) to yield a fixed rate. The conversion factor is used to calculate a final delivery price.
has dividend adjustment period
indicates at least one date period used to calculate the deviation between an anticipated/expected dividend and the actual dividend issued during that period
has method of adjustment
indicates the method used to address any changes to the contract based on events that occur over the contract lifecycle
has multiple
indicates the multiple for determining the price of the futures contract in relation to the underlying index rate
at-the-money
moneyness classifier that refers to an option whose value in terms of its strike price is the same or close to the current market price of the underlying security
ATM
An ATM option has a delta of ±0.50, positive if it is a call, negative for a put.
basket option
option whose underlying asset is a group, or basket, of commodities, securities, indices, or currencies
As with other options, a basket option gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell the basket at a specific price, on or before a certain date. This exotic option has all the characteristics of a standard option, but with the basis of the strike price on the weighted value of its components. Currency baskets are the most popular type of basket option, and they will settle in the holder's home currency. Because it involves just one transaction, a basket option often costs less than multiple single options as it saves on commissions and fees.
bond option
option giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell (depending on whether it is a call or a put) a bond at a certain price on or before a specified date
butterfly
strategy that combines bull and bear spreads with a fixed risk and capped profit
These spreads are intended as a market-neutral strategy and pay off the most if the underlying asset does not move prior to option expiration. They involve either four calls, four puts, or a combination of puts and calls with three strike prices. Butterfly spreads pay off the most if the underlying asset price doesn't change before the option expires. The upper and lower strike prices are equal distance from the middle, or at-the-money, strike price.
call option
option giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to buy the assets specified at a fixed price or formula, on or before a specified date
The seller (issuer) of the call option assumes the obligation of delivering the assets specified should the buyer exercise the option.
capped option
option with an established profit cap or cap price
The cap price is equal to the option's strike price plus a cap interval for a call option or the strike price minus a cap interval for a put option. A capped option is automatically exercised when the underlying security closes at or above (for a call) or at or below (for a put) the option's cap price.
collar
option trading strategy that involves buying a downside put and selling an upside call that is implemented to protect against large losses, but which also limits large upside gains
condor spread
non-directional options strategy that limits both gains and losses while seeking to profit from either low or high volatility
There are two types of condor spreads. A long condor seeks to profit from low volatility and little to no movement in the underlying asset. A short condor seeks to profit from high volatility and a sizable move in the underlying asset in either direction. A Condor Spread uses either all calls or all puts.
covered call
call option in which the seller (investor) owns an equivalent amount of the underlying security
equity option
option giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to buy (via a call option) or sell (via a put option) the underlying equity assets specified at a pre-determined price (i.e., the strike price, fixed or calculated), on or before a specified date (the expiration date)
For an Equity Option, one contract represents 100 shares of stock. Equity options settle in 'American style'.
exotic option
option that has a non-standard payout structure or other feature
Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) glossary, https://www.cftc.gov/LearnAndProtect/EducationCenter/CFTCGlossary/glossary_e.html
Exotic options include Asian options and lookback options, and are mostly traded in the over-the-counter market.
extrinsic value
measure of the difference between the market price of an option, called the premium, and its intrinsic value
Extrinsic value is also the portion of the worth that has been assigned to an option by factors other than the underlying asset's price. The opposite of extrinsic value is intrinsic value, which is the inherent worth of an option.
option time value
fence
option trading strategy that uses options to limit the range of possible returns on a financial instrument
A fence consists of the following elements: - long position in a financial instrument (e.g., a share, index or currency) - long put (normally with a strike price close to or at the current spot price of the financial instrument) - short put (with a strike price lower than the bought put - e.g., 80% of the current spot price) - short call (with a strike price higher than the current spot price).
The expiration dates of all the options are usually the same. The call strike is normally chosen in such a way that the sum total of the three option premiums is equal to zero. This investment strategy will ensure that the value of the investment at expiry will be between the strike price on the short call and the strike price on the long put. Thus, possible gains and losses (the value of the financial instrument minus the cost of acquiring it) are confined to a specified range. However, if the price of the financial instrument falls below the strike level of the sold put the investor will start participating in any further price declines of the financial instrument.
fixed income option
option giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to buy (via a call option) or sell (via a put option) the underlying fixed income assets specified at a pre-determined price (i.e., the strike price, fixed or calculated), on or before a specified date (the expiration date)
Fixed income options, or debt options, are derivatives contracts that use bonds or other fixed-income securities as their underlying asset.
in-the-money
moneyness classifier that refers to an option that has value in a strike price that is favorable in comparison to the prevailing market price of the underlying asset
ITM
An in-the-money call option means the option holder has the opportunity to buy the security below its current market price. An in-the-money put option means the option holder can sell the security above its current market price.
interest rate option
option that giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to receive a cash payment if market interest rate of a reference rate is higher or lower, depending on the option, than the strike rate of the option
The amount of the payment will be based on the difference between the market rate on the exercise date and the strike rate, multiplied by the notional principal specified in the option contract, to calculate the total payment.
intrinsic value
measure of what an asset is worth, i.e. with respect to its current price
This measure is arrived at by means of an objective calculation or complex financial model. In financial analysis this term is used in conjunction with the work of identifying, as nearly as possible, the underlying value of a company and its cash flow. In options pricing it refers to the difference between the strike price of the option and the current price of the underlying asset.
iron butterfly
butterfly strategy that consists of two call options and two put options, three strike prices and the same expiration date
The key to using this trade as part of a successful trading strategy is to forecast a time when option prices are likely to decline in value generally. This usually occurs during periods of sideways movement or a mild upward trend.
iron fly
iron condor
condor strategy consisting of two puts (one long and one short) and two calls (one long and one short), and four strike prices, all with the same expiration date
The iron condor earns the maximum profit when the underlying asset closes between the middle strike prices at expiration. In other words, the goal is to profit from low volatility in the underlying asset.
long-term equity anticipation security
equity option that allows the holder to buy or sell shares of stock with expiration dates that are longer than one year, and typically up to three years from issue
LEAP
By providing opportunities to control and manage risk or even to speculate, LEAPS are virtually identical to regular options. Expiration dates on LEAPs can range from nine months to three years, which is longer than the holding period for a traditional call or put option. Although they are not available on all stocks, LEAPS are available on most widely held issues.
moneyness
classifier for a derivative relating its strike price to the price of its underlying asset
Moneyness describes the intrinsic value of an option in its current state. The term moneyness is most commonly used with put and call options and is an indicator as to the comparative value of the option with respect to its exercise/strike price. Moneyness can be measured with respect to the underlying stock or other asset's current/spot price or its future price.
option holder
party that owns an option
In a call, the option holder has the right, but not the obligation, to buy the underlying asset, while, in a put, the option holder has the right to sell the underlying asset. An option holder may sell the option contract itself, at which point the buyer becomes the option holder. Once the instrument is exercised there are typically additional, relevant obligations with regard to settlement.
option issuer
issuer granting the rights defined in the option in exchange for some consideration
option on future
option that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a specific futures contract at a specified price on or before the option's expiration date
option premium
current market price of an option contract
The option premium is the income received by the seller (writer) of an option contract to another party. In-the-money option premiums are composed of two factors: intrinsic and extrinsic value. Out-of-the-money options' premiums consist solely of extrinsic value. For stock options, the premium is quoted as a dollar amount per share, and most contracts represent the commitment of 100 shares.
option premium formula
expression used to calculate the premium based either on the price per option or percentage of the notional amount
option trading strategy
trading tactic involving more than one option type, strike price, or expiration date on the same underlying asset
Note that some trading strategies may be considered financial instruments in their own right, but most strategies are not. The critical differentiators include whether the strategy itself can be traded, whether it has a financial instrument identifier independently from the identifier(s) of the embedded instrument(s), such as a FIGI or ISIN, and so forth.
Option trading strategies refer to buying calls or put options or selling calls or put options or both together for the purpose of limiting losses and/or optimizing profits. Basically, these strategies utilize one or more combinations for the best outcome possible based on defined parameters. Simple combinations include option spread trades such as vertical spreads, calendar (or horizontal) spreads, and diagonal spreads. More involved combinations include trades such as condor or butterfly spreads which are actually combinations of two vertical spreads.
out-of-the-money
moneyness classifier that refers to an option whose value in terms of its strike price is not favorable in comparison to the prevailing market price of the underlying asset
OTM
An OTM call option will have a strike price that is higher than the market price of the underlying asset. Alternatively, an OTM put option has a strike price that is lower than the market price of the underlying asset.
protective collar
collar that consists of a covered call and protective put
A protective collar consists of a long position in the underlying security, a put option purchased to hedge the downside risk on a stock, a call option written on the stock to finance the put purchase.
protective put
put option giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to sell the assets specified at with a strike price equal or close to the current price of the underlying asset, on or before a specified date
A protective put is a risk management and options strategy that involves holding a long position in the underlying asset (e.g., stock). A protective put strategy is analogous to the nature of insurance. The main goal of a protective put is to limit potential losses that may result from an unexpected price drop of the underlying asset
synthetic call
put option
option giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to sell the assets specified at a fixed price or formula, on or before a specified date
The seller of the put option assumes the obligation of buying the assets specified should the buyer exercise the option.
risk reversal
option trading strategy that consists of being short (selling) an out of the money put and being long (i.e., buying) an out of the money call, both with the same maturity
A risk reversal is a position which simulates profit and loss behavior of owning an underlying security; therefore, it is sometimes called a synthetic long. This is an investment strategy that amounts to both buying and selling out-of-money options simultaneously. In this strategy, the investor will first make a market hunch; if that hunch is bullish, he will want to go long. However, instead of going long on the stock, he will buy an out of the money call option, and simultaneously sell an out of the money put option. Presumably he will use the money from the sale of the put option to purchase the call option. Then as the stock goes up in price, the call option will be worth more, and the put option will be worth less.
standardized options terms
standardized contract terms established by a securities or options exchange or by an options clearing entity
Such terms may relate to the underlying instruments, exercise price, expiration date, and contract size, for example.
straddle
neutral option trading strategy that involves simultaneously buying both a put option and a call option for the underlying security with the same strike price and the same expiration date
The strategy is profitable only when the value of the underlier varies (rises or falls) from the strike price by more than the total premium paid.
strangle
option trading strategy in which the investor holds a position in both a call and a put option with different strike prices, but with the same expiration date and underlying asset
A strangle is a good strategy if you think the underlying security will experience a large price movement in the near future but are unsure of the direction. However, it is profitable mainly if the asset swings sharply in price.
strike price
price at which a lot of the underlying asset may be bought or sold when the contract is exercised
For call options, the strike price is the price at which the security may be purchased by the option holder; for put options, the strike price is the price at which the security may be sold.
strip strategy
option trading strategy that involves a sequential set of options with periodic reset dates, such that each period between resets behaves like an individual option
Typically, a strip is a strategy that involves being long in one call position and two put options, all with the same strike price on a single underlying stock. The investor who adopts this strategy believes that the underlying price of the stock will plummet in the near-term future. All three of the options will have the same expiration date and the same strike price. If the investor is correct and the price drastically decreases, the puts will pay out substantially. If the investor is wrong and the price of the underlying asset increases, the call option will mitigate the loss. The period between resets may be called a Caplet or Floorlet.
vanilla option
common option giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to buy (via a call option) or sell (via a put option) the underlying assets specified at a pre-determined price (i.e., the strike price, fixed or calculated), on or before a specified date (the expiration date)
Vanilla options include call or put options that have no special or unusual features, and are typically exchange traded.
has calculated market value
indicates a calculated price as of some relative date considered the market value of the option at that point in time
has premium
has cap price
price at which the contract may be exercised
has exercise date offset
indicates the period in days between the reset date and the exercise date
has exercise price
specifies a predetermined price at which the holder commits to buy or sell an underlying asset
has strike price
has exercise schedule
links an option to the schedule specified in the contract that constrains when it may be exercised
An exercise schedule may be as simple as a single date or date period. However, in more complex cases, it may be an ad hoc schedule of individual dates, or a regular schedule of periodic exercise dates.
indicates the exercise convention specified for the option
has interest accrual date offset
indicates the period in days between each reset date and the commencement of interest accrual for the next period
Typically, the option writer collects the premium when the option is initially sold.
has settlement date offset
indicats the period in days between each reset date and the corresponding settlement date
has strike percentage amount
indicates a strike price or level expressed as a percentage of the value of the underlying asset
has strike rate
rate at which the contract may be exercised
allotment right
privileges allotted to existing security holders, entitling them to receive new securities free of charge
Allotment generally means the distribution of equity, particularly shares granted to a participating underwriting firm during an initial public offering (IPO).
bonus right
allotment right formula
rule applied to calculate the number of securities for an allotment right, typically based on the number of these instruments that the holder holds
Note that there may be a combination of a rule expressed in text as well as an expression or more complex formula embedded in a contract for making this determination.
barrier instrument-based mini-future certificate
mini-future certificate that immediately expires if the barrier instrument trading price level is breached during product lifetime
barrier underlying mini-future certificate
mini-future certificate that immediately expires if the barrier underlying level is breached during product lifetime
basket warrant
warrant that permits the holder to acquire a package or group of assets at a specified price during a specified period
bond purchase right
purchase right that gives a prospective acquiree's bondholders the right to buy bonds of the firm or bonds of anyone who acquires the firm at a deep discount to their fair market value
bond subscription right
subscription right entitling existing bond holders to subscribe to new securities at a price normally lower than the prevailing market price
call put warrant
warrant that either does not specify call or put features, or that explicitly includes both a call and put feature
The call and put code, 'B', in the CFI stands for 'Both', meaning such a warrant embodies characteristics of both a call and a put. This can appear in structured warrants or exotic warrants where payout may depend on movements in either direction (or give the holder a choice at certain triggers).
straddle warrant
call warrant
warrant giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to acquire specific underlying assets during a specified period at a specified price
Exercising a call warrant whose underlying instrument is an equity involves buying new shares directly from the company, causing dilution.
combined instruments purchase right
purchase right that gives a prospective acquiree's holders of multiple securities the right to buy securities of the firm or securities of anyone who acquires the firm at a deep discount to their fair market value
combined instruments subscription right
subscription right entitling existing holders of multiple securities to subscribe to new securities at a price normally lower than the prevailing market price
commodity warrant
warrant that permits the holder to acquire a specified amount of a commodity during a specified period at a specified price
Commodity Warrants Australia (CWA) sells warrants based on 12 commodities and financial markets - crude oil, gold, silver, live cattle, corn, orange juice, soy, coffee, cocoa, the Dow Jones Industrial Average, the NASDAQ Composite Index and the S&P 500 Index.
common convertible share purchase right
purchase right that gives a prospective acquiree's common, convertible shareholders the right to buy common, convertible shares of the firm or common, convertible shares of anyone who acquires the firm at a deep discount to their fair market value
common convertible share subscription right
subscription right entitling existing common convertible shareholders to subscribe to new securities at a price normally lower than the prevailing market price
common share purchase right
purchase right that gives a prospective acquiree's common shareholders the right to buy common shares of the firm or common shares of anyone who acquires the firm at a deep discount to their fair market value
common share subscription right
subscription right entitling existing common shareholders to subscribe to new securities at a price normally lower than the prevailing market price
constant leverage certificate
entitlement that combines the structure of an open-end certificate with a leverage option with no fixed term, making leverage available without a term restriction, without a knock-out barrier dependency
covered warrant
warrant that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy (call warrant) or to sell (put warrant) an underlying asset at a specified price (the strike or exercise price) by a predetermined date, issued without an accompanying security by a third party that holds as many securities as would be required if all the warrants are exercised
Covered warrants are very similar to options in that they can be created to allow holders to benefit from either rising prices or falling prices, by having both put and call warrants. They can also be created on a wide variety of underlying instruments, not just equities and they are fairly standardised and are mostly traded on exchanges. The main difference is that warrants tend to have longer maturity dates, typically measured in years instead of months (as with options), and are easier to access for individuals as they can be bought and sold in the same way as shares in the stock exchange.
In contrast to traditional equity warrants, with covered warrants, no new issuance of common stock occurs if the warrant is exercised. The underlying shares of common stock are usually either owned by the issuer of the covered warrants or the issuer has a mechanism, such as owning equity warrants for the underlying shares, through which they can obtain the shares.
currency warrant
warrant that permits the holder to acquire a specified amount in a certain currency at a specified exchange rate during a specified period
debt warrant
warrant that permits the holder to acquire a specified amount of a debt instrument or related debt observable a specified period at a specified price
equity warrant
warrant that permits the holder to acquire a specified amount of an equity instrument during a specified period at a specified price
An equity warrant typically enables a buyer to purchase shares of capital stock issued by the corporation whose equity is the underlying asset.
company warrant
exchange-traded warrant
warrant that is listed on a securities exchange
exotic warrant
warrant that gives the holder the right (but not the obligation) to buy (or sometimes sell) an underlying asset under non-standard or complex conditions, often involving additional features not found in a plain vanilla (standard) warrant
Exotic warrants may be created by investment banks as part of structured products to meet specific investor needs. They are often identified with an 'X' in their English stock short name.
Features of an exotic warrant may include (1) non-standard payoffs, such as path-dependent or condition-based payouts, (2) variations in the underlying asset(s), which may include equities, indices, currencies, interest rates, baskets of assets, etc., and (3) embedded optionality in terms of features such as barriers, lookbacks, digitals, or dual-currency terms.
index warrant
warrant that permits the holder to acquire a specified amount based on the performance of an index during a specified period at a specified price
long mini-future certificate
mini-future certificate that typically entitles the holder to acquire specific underlying assets during a specified period at a specified price
mini-future certificate
entitlement that combines the structure of an open-end certificate with a leverage option with no fixed term, making leverage available without a term restriction, and whose payoff depends on whether or not the underlying asset has reached or exceeded a predetermined price
The price of a mini-future always corresponds to its intrinsic value, i.e. the capital outlay, plus the bid-ask spread. The financing costs associated with building up the leverage effect are offset against the capital outlay on a daily basis, thereby eliminating the need for a premium. Investors have to pay only financing costs they actually utilize. In contrast to options, factors like volatility have no influence at all on the price of mini-futures.
naked warrant
warrant that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy (call warrant) or to sell (put warrant) an underlying asset at a specified price (the strike or exercise price) by a predetermined date, issued without an accompanying security by a third party that does not hold as many securities as would be required if all the warrants are exercised
warrant without an expiration date, giving the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy (call warrant) or to sell (put warrant) an underlying asset at a certain strike price
The strike price, in the case of a perpetual warrant, is usually higher than the market value of the underlying asset at the time of issue.
preferred convertible share purchase right
purchase right that gives a prospective acquiree's preferred, convertible shareholders the right to buy preferred, convertible shares of the firm or preferred, convertible shares of anyone who acquires the firm at a deep discount to their fair market value
preferred convertible share subscription right
subscription right entitling existing preferred, convertible shareholders to subscribe to new securities at a price normally lower than the prevailing market price
preferred share purchase right
purchase right that gives a prospective acquiree's preferred shareholders the right to buy preferred shares of the firm or preferred shares of anyone who acquires the firm at a deep discount to their fair market value
preferred share subscription right
subscription right entitling existing preferred shareholders to subscribe to new securities at a price normally lower than the prevailing market price
warrant that may be traded over the counter (OTC) or through an exchange
purchase right
anti-takeover device that gives a prospective acquiree's shareholders the right to buy shares of the firm or shares of anyone who acquires the firm at a deep discount to their fair market value
The underlying is usually shares but this not necessarily the case. Also known as "Poison Pill".
put warrant
warrant giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to sell the assets specified (i.e., acquire cash in exchange for the underlying assets, such as stock) back to the issuer at a fixed price or formula, on or before a specified date
A put warrant is essentially a company-issued option to sell shares back to the issuer.
short mini-future certificate
mini-future certificate that entitles the holder to acquire cash in exchange for specific underlying assets
structured warrant
warrant that is listed on an exchange, offering investors a way to participate in the price performance of an underlying asset without buying it directly
Unlike company-issued warrants, which are tied to corporate fundraising, structured warrants are issued by third-party financial institutions such as investment banks or brokers. They can be based on a variety of underlying assets, including individual company shares, a basket of shares, or an index.
When structured warrants are exercised, they are typically cash-settled and do not lead to the creation of new shares, thus avoiding dilution of existing shareholders. This is in contrast with company-issued stock options, which can potentially lead to the issuance of new shares, which might dilute the value for existing shareholders.
subscription right
privileges allotted to existing security holders, entitling them to subscribe to new securities at a price normally lower than the prevailing market price
A subscription rights issue increases the number of shares in the market, thus leading to a dilution in each share's value.
anti-dilution right
preemptive right
subscription privilege
traditional warrant
warrant that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy (call warrant) or to sell (put warrant) an underlying asset at a specified price (the strike or exercise price) by a predetermined date, issued by the issuer of the underlying instrument
vanilla warrant
warrant
entitlement that permits the holder to purchase a specified amount of a financial instrument, commodity, currency or other asset during a specified period at a specified price
Warrants are for any kind of instrument. Warrants may be privately issued and may not necessarily be traded on an exchange.
has conversion ratio
indicates the factor used to determine the number of warrants needed in order to buy or sell a specific number of securities or investment units
has oversubscribe option
indicates whether the holders of the rights instrument may get securities in the event that other right holders choose not to subscribe
barrier capital protection certificate
capital-protected product whose protection is defined as a percentage of the nominal price (e.g. 100 percent), with minimum redemption at expiry equivalent to the capital protection
Note that capital protection in this case refers to the nominal amount only, and not to the purchase price. The value of the product may fall below its capital protection value during its lifetime; participation is in the underlying price increase above the strike up to the barrier; possibility of rebate payment once barrier is breached; limited profit potential.
ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.4.7
barrier discount certificate
participation certificate that enables the investor to acquire the underlying asset at a lower price in return for a limited payout, and for which the maximum redemption amount (Cap) is paid out if the barrier is never breached
Due to the barrier, the probability of maximum redemption is higher; the discount, however, is smaller than for a discount certificate. If the barrier is breached the product changes into a discount certificate. Barrier discount certificates have reduced risk compared to direct investment in the underlying assets, with limited profit potential (Cap). With higher risk levels multiple underlying assets (worst-of) allow for higher discounts or a lower barrier.
ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.4.8
barrier reverse convertible certificate
participation certificate whose payout is conditional: should the barrier never be breached, the nominal price plus coupon is paid at redemption; if the barrier is breached the product changes into a reverse convertible
Due to the barrier, the probability of maximum redemption is higher; the coupon, however, is smaller than for a reverse convertible. It has reduced risk compared to a direct investment into the underlying asset(s). With higher risk levels, multiple underlying assets (worst-of) allow for higher coupons or lower barriers; limited profit potential (Cap).
basket certificate
certificate whose underlying asset represents a fraction of a basket of securities that corresponds to the subscription ratio
Basket certificates make sense if an investor is convinced of the potential in a particular sector or region, but shies away from the risk of investing in individual securities. Because the certificate is expected to achieve higher profits than the benchmark index, the share basket usually contains fewer titles than the benchmark index. That increases the potential for profits; but the risk of loss increases compared to the index. Unlike shares, basket certificates are not eligible for dividend payouts. The limited maturity should also be taken into account.
The issuer determines the basket's compilation before quoting the certificate. Fundamentally, all securities with regular, at least daily, price determinations are suited for the portfolio. The selection criteria for the shares or securities in the basket are known and remain unchanged during the life of the certificate. Note, however, that the composition of the share basket can change over time. If the issuer follows a specific strategy with the certificate, the basket has to be adjusted at specific end-of-period dates, provided the market leaders change. In such a case, the basket is called an active basket. If, in contrast, the composition of a share basket remains clearly defined, as is the case for an index certificate, it is called a passive basket.
The success of a basket certificate is measured on whether it can outperform a comparison index or fund, a so-called benchmark. Basket certificates can be roughly divided into three categories based on the criteria for selecting securities: Sector certificates; country or region certificates; and strategy and thematic certificates.
bonus certificate
certificate whose minimum redemption is equal to the nominal value provided the barrier has not been breached, with a greater risk in relation to multiple underlying asset(s) (worst-of), allowing for a higher bonus level or lower barrier, and with a reduced risk compared to a direct investment into the underlying asset(s)
For example: You buy a bonus certificate based on a stock. The price of the stock at the time that you get the certificate is 100 Euros. The bonus level is 120 Euros, and the protection threshold is 80 Euros. Over the two-year term, the price of the stock fluctuates between 90 and 110 Euros. When the certificate matures at the end of the term, you receive the bonus price of 120 Euros.
If the barrier is breached the product becomes a tracker certificate.
ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.2.8
Bonus certificates have a risk buffer for price losses in the underlying; the bonus guarantees a minimum return above the risk level. A bonus certificate represents an alternative to a direct investment in a share or an index. Investors primarily use them if they believe that despite rising prices setbacks are still likely to occur. A bonus certificate is furnished with a bonus amount and an upper and lower price level. If the certificate expires with the price of the underlying ranging between these two levels, owners are paid out their bonuses. If the underlying was at or below the risk level during the certificate's lifetime, its price is that of the current value of the certificate at expiry. If the underlying is above the upper level at expiry, the investor fully participates in the price gains. Some bonus certificates have a profit cap. This is where the certificate stops participating in the price gains of the underlying. A bonus certificate is issued at the current price of the underlying. The upper level is derived from adding the bonus to the issue price. The lower level is determined at issuance and usually expressed in percent.
capital-protected product
structured product that participates in the performance of a financial asset, such as a stock, fund or index, while protecting the investor's capital
Capital protected structured instruments offer investors exposure to chosen underlying assets using various approaches and offering a large variety of asymmetric pay-off profiles. There are one or more reference entities underlying the product. Redemption is made at least in the amount of the conditional capital protection at maturity, provided that no credit event by the reference entity has occurred. Conditional capital protection only applies to the nominal amount and not to the purchase price. The general functioning of a capital guaranteed structured instrument is as follows: the notional amount is split into a zero bond, that will deliver the capital guarantee at maturity, and the difference between the zero bond's value (= present value of the guarantee level at maturity) and the notional amount is used for structuring the performance component with options which deliver the agreed pay-off profile of the structured instrument.
CPI
Depending on the product, they may participate to varying degrees in the underlying asset's upside and protect the capital either entirely or partially.
capital protected investment
capital protection certificate with coupons
Note that capital protection in this case refers to the nominal amount only, and not to the purchase price. The value of the product may fall below its capital protection value during its lifetime; the coupon amount is dependent on the development of the underlying asset; periodic coupon payment is expected.
capital protection certificate with participation
capital-protected product whose protection is defined as a percentage of the nominal amount (e.g. 100 percent), with minimum redemption at expiry equivalent to the capital protection
Note that capital protection in this case refers to the nominal amount only, and not to the purchase price. The value of the product may fall below its capital protection value during its lifetime, and participation is in the underlying price increase above the strike.
capital protection convertible certificate
Note that capital protection in this case refers to the nominal price only, and not to the purchase price. The value of the product may fall below its capital protection value during its lifetime; participation is in the underlying price increase above the conversion price; coupon payment is possible.
discount certificate
participation certificate that enables the investor to acquire the underlying asset at a lower price in return for a limited payout, and for which the underlying asset(s) and/or a cash amount is redeemed should the underlying asset close below the strike on expiry, for which, in return, the potential profit is capped
Discount certificates correspond to a buy-write-strategy; they have reduced risk compared to a direct investment in the underlying asset; with higher risk levels multiple underlying assets (worst-of) allow for higher discounts; limited profit opportunity (Cap).
At the end of the certificate's maturity, a cash disbursement occurs. If the price of the underlying when the maturity is up is higher than the maximal payout or identical to it, the issuer pays the maximum amount. If the price of the underlying is less than the cap, the issuer pays either the current price of the certificate in cash or he gives the investor the underlying, for example a share, at its current price. The issuer can choose. The cash payout is obligatory in the case of discount certificates on indices, currencies or interest.
Discount certificates are ideal for conservative investors that want to guard against market fluctuations and who expect in the medium term sideways-moving prices. Because the buyer of a discount certificate does not profit from price gains that are higher than the cap, this form of investment is best suited for a medium-term oriented engagement. If the certificate reaches its cap before the maturity, the investor should take the profits.
The maximum profit that an investor can reach with a discount certificate is calculated by taking the difference between the purchase price and the cap on the underlying. Losses, in contrast, are lessened by the discount. The investor suffers a loss only when the price of the underlying at the end of the maturity has fallen so far that the discount is depleted. The discount thus works as a buffer against risk.
express certificate
participation certificate whose payout is conditional: should the underlying trade above the strike on the observation date, an early redemption consisting of nominal price plus an additional coupon amount is paid
Express certificates offer the possibility of an early redemption combined with an attractive yield opportunity. They have reduced risk compared to a direct investment into the underlying asset(s). With higher risk levels, multiple underlying assets (worst-of) allow for higher coupons or lower barriers; limited profit opportunity (Cap).
index certificate
certificate whose underlying asset is an index
If the underlying share increases in value, the value of the certificate increases in analog to the gain; with every setback, the certificate value declines accordingly.
Investors should think about currency risks when investing in index certificates that track a share index outside of the euro zone. And they should pay attention to whether the underlying index is a performance or price index. With a performance index, all dividends and profits from subscription rights flow into the index value. In contrast to that, price indices show the pure development of the shares and thus the price declines that usually accompany dividend payouts. Index certificates are particularly interesting to investors that want to profit from positive capital-market developments, but who don’t want to deal with the daily price developments of several individual shares.
With Index certificates investors can participate one-to-one in the development of an exchange index – without actually buying the underlying shares in that comprise that index. Every index certificate has a subscription rate (e.g., 1:10 or 1:100) that defines the value of the certificate in relation to the index listing. The investor invests broadly diversified and transparently with minimal effort and smaller amounts.
leveraged product
structured product that provides a further enhanced yield (over and above that of a yield-enhancement product), often without any limit to the upside participation, and frequently with a stop-loss in order to limit potential capital losses
Leveraged certificates are examples of leveraged products; they provide enhanced participation to an underlying with inbuilt leverage. Leveraged exposure is also provided on the downside performance of the underlying. Another example is a call warrant, which is simply a call option that is traded in a securitized format. This format is interesting in order to be able to trade a call option on underlyings for which no exchange traded option market exists.
outperformance bonus certificate
certificate that allows disproportionate participation (outperformance) in positive performance above the strike, in which the minimum redemption is equal to the nominal value provided the barrier has not been breached, with greater risk multiple underlying asset(s) (worst-of) allow for a higher bonus level or lower barrier, and reduced risk compared to a direct investment into the underlying asset(s)
If the barrier is breached the product changes into an outperformance certificate.
The outperformance bonus certificate combines the strengths of both outperformance and normal bonus certificates. This means that you’re protected on the downside by a bonus level (i.e., a feature of bonus certificates) but nevertheless have the opportunity to participate disproportionately in upside gains in the underlying instrument (the 'outperformance certificate' dimension). If you compare all three structured product types with each other, you’ll see that outperformance bonus certificates come up a bit short in terms of the characteristics of the other two forms. In other words, the disproportionate participation rate (outperformance) is usually somewhat lower than with a 'plain vanilla' outperformance certificate. This is because additional bonus protection has to be bought in order to structure the product properly. The same applies to the bonus dimension: because such a certificate still affords disproportionate participation, its downside protection level is more modest.
outperformance certificate
certificate that allows disproportionate participation (outperformance) in positive performance above the strike, reflecting underlying price moves 1:1 (adjusted by the conversion ratio and any related fees), and whose risk is comparable to direct investment in the underlying asset(s)
For example: You buy an outperformance certificate based on a stock. The certificate’s strike price is 100 Euros and its participation factor is 150 percent. If the price of the underlying stock surpasses the strike price of 100 Euros, you are rewarded with a 150 percent return, instead of just 100 percent. If the price of the stock climbs to 110 Euros, for example, the value of the certificate would be 115 Euros.
participation certificate
participation product that provides the possibility to participate in the gains or losses in the price of an asset, subject to counterparty risk
In many cases, certificates do not give the investor the right to receive dividend distributions from the underlying stocks or other assets. For example: You buy a bonus certificate issued by your bank which is based on a stock that pays annual dividends. During the certificate's term, the bank holds the underlying stock and receives the dividends. At the end of the term, the bank pays the predefined bonus, even though the actual price of the stock is lower (but not below the protection threshold).Depending on the type of certificate, the exact terms and conditions, and the contract's expiry date, it is possible that the investor may receive the underlying asset instead of money at the end of the investment term. That is often the case with discount certificates based on stocks, for example, when their price sits below the predetermined cap. If the certificate's issuer becomes insolvent, the assets which underly the certificate are considered part of the issuer's liquid assets. This is in contrast to owning actual securities or shares in investment funds, as these are segregated assets which remain the property of the investor if the broker or custodian bank fails.
bearer debt note
certificate
participation instrument
structured product that provides the possibility to participate in the performance of an asset or basket of assets
The construction is generally based on a low exercise price option (LEPO) (base value less discounted future dividends) which in some cases might be comparable to a direct investment in the underlying asset(s) or a LEPO combined with other options, which together provide the desired disbursement profile.
These assets could be anything, from equities, funds, bonds, ETFs indices to a mix of those. The most common participation products are tracker certificates, providing 1-to-1 participation to the performance of a basket of securities.
participation product
reverse convertible certificate
participation certificate whose payout is conditional: should the underlying asset close below the strike on expiry, the underlying asset(s) and/ or a cash amount is redeemed; should the underlying asset close above the strike at expiry, the nominal amount plus the coupon is paid at redemption
Note that in the case of a reverse convertible certificate, the coupon is paid regardless of the underlying development. It has reduced risk compared to a direct investment into the underlying asset. With higher risk levels, multiple underlying assets (worst-of) allow for higher coupons; limited profit potential (Cap).
structured product
security whose cash flow characteristics depend upon one or more indices or that have embedded forwards or options or securities where an investor's investment return and the issuer's payment obligations are contingent on, or highly sensitive to, changes in the value of underlying assets, indices, interest rates or cash flows
A structured product is a pre-packaged structured finance investment strategy based on a single security, a basket of securities, options, indices, commodities, debt issuance or foreign currencies, and to a lesser extent, derivatives. Structured products are not homogeneous - there are numerous varieties of derivatives and underlying assets - but they can be classified under the aside categories. Typically, a desk will employ a specialized 'structurer' to design and manage its structured-product offering.
market-linked investment
structured instrument
tracker certificate
certificate that reflects underlying price moves 1:1 (adjusted by conversion ratio and any related fees), in which the associated risk is comparable to direct investment in the underlying asset(s)
Tracker certificates can be purchased on stock exchanges which they are listed on. Many of these certificates track underlying assets at a ratio of 1:100. That means that an investor can invest just a fraction of the amount which would be required to buy the actual underlying asset. For example: You invest in a tracker certificate which is based on a stock basket with a value of 10,000 Euros. Because the tracker certificate uses a ratio of 1:100, you only need to pay 100 Euros for the certificate. If the price of the underlying stocks goes up by 10 percent (to 11,000 Euros), the value of the certificate will also go up by 10 percent (to 110 Euros).
Trackers can be used to invest in the performance of multiple stocks, for example. A tracker certificate is a structured instrument that allows the investor to invest in an underlying asset without actually owning the asset. From an investor perspective, tracker certificates work much like investment funds. The tracker follows the price of an underlying asset (one or more stocks, for example). The investor buys a certificate based on the tracker. If the value of the underlying asset goes up, the value of the certificate goes up with it. If the underlying asset loses value, the certificate loses value.
Some tracker certificates have an expiry date. That means they only track an underlying asset for a predetermined length of time (one year, for example). The certificate matures at the end of that period, at which point you as the investor are paid out its going value at the time of expiry.
Tracker certificates can also be used to profit off negative price developments. This is the case with so-called bear tracker certificates which take a short position on the underlying asset. Note that tracker certificates do not normally pay out dividends. If one holds a certificate which tracks the stock of a company which pay dividends, they will not receive them. However, they may receive some form of compensation from the certificate’s issuer in some cases.
Unlike investment funds – which are divided into shares and owned by investors – tracker certificates are simply debt claims against the issuer (the bank which offers them, for example). That means the underlying asset which you are investing in does not belong to you, but to the issuer. Shares of investment funds, on the other hand, are classified as segregated assets in some jurisdictions, such as Switzerland, and are owned by you as the shareholder rather than by the fund managers. In practice, investors are not likely to notice the difference. But whether you hold tracker certificates or fund shares makes a big difference when an investment company becomes insolvent. Tracker certificates are not protected against issuer bankruptcy, and fall into the pool of general debt claims against the bankrupt party. If the issuer of a tracker certificate goes bankrupt, you may very likely lose all or part of the money which you invested in the tracker certificate. This danger is known as counterparty risk. By investing in tracker certificates, you agree to carry the counterparty risk.
turbo certificate
certificate that acts as a leveraged security, whose price tracks an underlying financial asset's price one for one, and that can be used to go long or short
As risk management each turbo trade has a built-in knock-out level and will terminate if this is hit.
There are two types of turbos: long turbos, sometimes known as bull turbos, and short turbos, also known as bear turbos. You'd buy a long turbo if you thought the price of the underlying asset was set to rise. With a long turbo, the knock-out level will be below the underlying asset's current market price to protect you against downward movements. Alternatively, you'd buy a short turbo if you thought the price of the underlying asset might fall. A short turbo will have a knock-out level which is above the underlying asset's current market price to protect you against upward movements.
Turbos are traded on venue rather than over the counter (OTC), and have fully visible order books that you can view to gauge sentiment and plan your strategy. Turbo trading works by buying a transferrable security whose value is based on an underlying asset's. So, you effectively take a position on that asset's price either rising or falling. For each trade, you choose a knock-out level – the point where you'd like to exit if the market turns against you. This then helps to determine the purchase price for the turbo, which will be your maximum possible loss. You'll pay this outlay in full upfront.
turbo
turbo warrant
twin-win certificate
certificate that makes profits possible with rising and falling underlying asset values, in which a falling underlying asset price converts into profit up to the barrier, and whose minimum redemption is equal to the nominal value provided the barrier has not been breached
If the barrier is breached the product changes into a tracker certificate. With higher risk levels, multiple underlying asset(s) (worst-of) allow for a higher bonus level or lower barrier. Twin-win certificates have reduced risk compared to a direct investment into the underlying asset(s).
Twin-win certificates are suited to investors who are convinced that the underlying instrument has a good chance of going up. If it in fact does, the built-in leverage of the product enables you to participate not just 1:1 in that upside move (as would be the case with a normal tracker certificate), but instead at a disproportionate rate and with no price limitation.
With a twin-win certificate, you can actually have it both ways. In other words, this type of structured product generates a profit for you not only when the price of the underlying instrument goes up, but also if it declines to a certain extent. And this with a specially built-in safety mechanism. The unique structure of these products makes it possible to turn a modest loss in the underlying instrument into a modest gain.
yield-enhancement product
structured product that provides a predefined yield in return for a downside risk
Well-known yield-enhancement products include reverse convertibles. They provide a predetermined yield per annum in return for the willingness of the investor to absorb downside risk of for example a stock, index, currency-pair or fund. Reverse convertibles come in a broad range of variations (with or without barrier, multiple underlyings and/or callability).
swap in which payment streams are referenced to different bases
A basis swap can have two legs of the same tenor but different indices, e.g., 3 month LIBOR vs. 3 month TIBOR. The difference in this case is not driven by different interest rate periods but from different markets, i.e., the difference in efficiency between the two markets. The objective is to hedge against basis risk which is the difference in price between two markets. See also forward swap, as a means for controlling interest rate.
correlation leg
floating leg of a correlation swap that pays an amount based on the observed average correlation of the prices of a collection of underlying products
correlation swap
over-the-counter statistical derivative that allows one to hedge risks associated with the observed average correlation of a collection of underlying products
Each product that can act as the underlier on which the correlation is based has periodically observable prices, such as a commodity, exchange rate, interest rate, or stock index. Correlation trading is a strategy in which the investor receives exposure to the average correlation of an index.
dispersion leg
floating leg of a dispersion swap that pays an amount based on the realized dispersion of the price changes of the underlying product
Underlying assets may include, for example, exchange rates, interest rates, or the price of an index.
variance leg
dispersion swap
statistical derivative used to hedge on the magnitude of a price movement of an underlying asset
A variance swap is an instrument that allows investors to trade future realized (or historical) volatility against current implied volatility.
Some strategies involve selling a variance swap on an index and buying the variance swaps on the individual constituents; this particular kind of spread trade is called a variance dispersion trade.
variance swap
excess return swap
return swap in which the change in the level of the index will be equal to the returns generated primarily by the changes in price of each of the contracts that comprise the index
ISDA Disclosure Annex for Commodity Derivative Transactions. See https://globalmarkets.bnpparibas.com/gm/features/docs/dfdisclosures/ISDA_Commodity_Derivatives_Disclosure_Annex_04_2013.pdf
swap leg whose paying party is obligated to make payments from time to time over the term of a swap calculated by reference to a fixed annual rate or consisting of at least one payment of a fixed amount
2006 ISDA Definitions
swap leg that specifies contractual terms associated with a schedule of payments for any swap calculated by reference to a fixed annual rate
Payments may be fixed or variable, which is independent from the function of the leg (payments, return etc.). The schedule may be expressed in one of two ways: as an explicit schedule of dates or as a formula for determining payment dates in advance (taking into account for example roll rules for non working days).
swap leg whose paying party is obligated to make payments from time to time over the term of a swap calculated by reference to some variable rate, calculated based on the change in value of some underlying asset, or consisting of at least one payment of some floating amount
index return swap
return swap in which payments are based on a fee paid to the seller of the swap and on a floating reference price based on changes in the level of an index from an initial level to a level observed on some valuation date(s)
Payments to the parties may be made either on a periodic basis or on termination of the transaction. One party will receive a payment based upon the change in the level of the index between two valuation dates (multiplied by the notional amount of the swap), as modified by the fee paid to the seller of the swap. If the level of the index increases, the buyer of the swap will be entitled to a payment based on this performance, as such payment may be reduced (or negated) by the fee paid to the seller of the swap. If the level of the index decreases, the seller of the swap will be entitled to a payment based on this performance, as such payment may be increased by the fee paid to the seller of the swap.
financial service provider that maintains a substantial position in swaps for any of the major swap categories
This excludes positions held for hedging or mitigating commercial risk and positions maintained by an employee benefit plan for the primary purpose of hedging or mitigating any risk directly associated with the operation of the plan.
floating leg of a swap that depends on some statistical measure of the performance of the underlier
rate-based leg
swap leg of a rate-based swap based on a floating interest, floating inflation or fixed interest rate
swap in two counterparties each agree to pay the other cash flows on defined dates during an agreed period, based on a specified notional amount and a floating interest, floating inflation or fixed interest rate
performance-based leg wherein the payment is netted at maturity rather than periodically
In this case there is a single payment at maturity/settlement and so there is no stream of cashflows either way. The other leg of these swaps is implied, and is simply the strike price.
return leg
leg of a swap in which the income generated by some underlier is paid
The return, including income from a tangible asset, the constituents of an index, or a notional/specified amount of some asset (e.g. number of shares, amount of a commodity, etc.), may be limited to the dividend or interest amounts on the underlying (simple return), or total return including capital gains and/or the appreciation or decrease in value of the asset (or index constituents).
return swap
swap in which one leg, the return leg, is based on income generated from some underlier
simple return leg
return leg based strictly on the income generated by the underlying asset, excluding appreciation, decrease in value, capital gains, and fees on any increase in value
Payments may include interest payments on a debt instrument or the dividends on an equity, for example.
swap that depends on some statistical measure of the performance of the underlier
strike leg
swap leg that specifies a fixed amount, 'the strike', quoted at the time of execution
The fixed amount may be with respect to some variable or a monetary amount. The realization of a strike leg is not a cashflow per se, but a netting out against the terms defined in the other leg of a statistical swap.
derivative instrument whereby counterparties agree to exchange periodic streams of cash flows or liabilities from two different financial instruments with each other
The notional amount, effective date and termination date are some of the properties that each swap leg has that are taken from the swap contract.
The underlying instruments can be almost anything, representing various asset classes, but most swaps involve cash flows (streams of payments or other commitments over time) based on a notional principal amount that both parties agree to.
Usually, the principal does not change hands. Each cash flow comprises one leg of the swap. One cash flow is generally fixed, while the other is variable, that is, based on a a benchmark interest rate, floating currency exchange rate or index price.
formal confirmation that codifies the terms and conditions specific to a lifecycle event with respect to the overall transaction between the parties
financial service provider that provides a central facility for swap data reporting and recordkeeping
Swap data repositories ('SDRs') are new entities created by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ('Dodd-Frank Act') in order to provide a central facility for swap data reporting and recordkeeping. Under the Dodd- Frank Act, all swaps, whether cleared or uncleared, are required to be reported to registered SDRs. The Dodd-Frank Act added new Section 21 to the Commodity Exchange Act ('CEA'), governing registration and regulation of SDRs and establishing registration requirements and core duties and responsibilities for SDRs.
non-depository institution such as one that deals in swaps, makes a market in swaps, regularly enters into swaps with counterparties as an ordinary course of business for its own account, and engages in any activity causing the person to be commonly known in the trade as a dealer/market maker in swaps
terms defining and the commitment to fulfill cashflow requirements (e.g., interest payments, coupon payments, etc.) for a component of a swap
A one-leg financing swap (also known as a single-leg financing swap) is a type of financial derivative, typically used by institutional investors or corporations, in which one party makes a series of fixed or floating payments to another party in exchange for a single upfront cash payment or financing.
A three-leg financial swap is a more complex type of swap agreement where three different payment streams (or 'legs') are involved, as opposed to the traditional two-leg swaps (like fixed-for-floating interest rate swaps). This structure can be useful for sophisticated risk management or hedging strategies, particularly when exposure to multiple interest rates or currencies is desired.
A two-leg financial swap is the most common type of swap agreement, where two counterparties exchange cash flows or obligations based on different financial variables. Each leg represents a stream of payments or flows tied to specific terms, such as fixed or floating interest rates, currencies, or commodities. The classic example of a two-leg swap is the interest rate swap, where one party pays a fixed interest rate while the other pays a floating interest rate.
For some swaps this may be a commitment to net up the difference between a strike and an outcome, rather than to make a series of cashflows over time. For credit default swaps there are conditional commitments, contingent on the occurrence of a credit event.
In most cases, a swap has two legs, one expressing the obligations of the seller and one expressing the obligations of the buyer. However, it is possible to represent more complex swaps, with one, three or more legs. The legs can be almost anything but usually one leg involves cash flows based on a notional principal amount that both parties agree to.
swap lifecycle event, such as a payment or rate reset event, that applies to one leg of a swap
event that occurs during the lifecycle of a swap, where the overall set of events includes those specific to the issuer, front office, middle office, and/or back office processes
identifier that uniquely identifies a specific event in the lifecycle of a swap
party to a swap and therefore a legal party to the contract that embodies that transaction
swap party responsible for making payments for a given leg of the transaction as defined in the contract
swap party that receives payments for a given leg of the transaction as defined in the contract
legal contractual terms of a swap transaction
total return leg
return leg based on the income generated by the underlying asset as well as any appreciation, decrease in value, capital gains, and fees on any increase in value
This is distinguished from the more general Return Leg by the addition of increase or decrease in the value of the underlying asset.
total return swap
return swap where the seller agrees to pay the other party the difference in value of some underlying asset multiplied by an agreed-upon notional value should the asset value increase between specified periods of time
For example the parties may enter into a two year agreement where every three months they compare the value of the Barclays Capital Aggregate Bond Index to its value three months previously. If the agreed upon notional was US $10,000,000 and the value increased 0.04%, or 4 basis points (bps), the seller would pay the buyer US $4,000. If, after another three months, the value decreased by 3bps, the buyer would pay the seller US $3,000. As part of the agreement, the buyer may also make an additional payment each period to the seller based on a floating rate index multiplied by the notional value.
CFTC Data Dictionary. See https://www.cftc.gov/MarketReports/SwapsReports/DataDictionary/index.htm
In a total return swap that is index-based, the change in the level of the index will be equal to the returns generated by the change in price of each of the contracts that comprise the index plus a return based upon interest earned on any cash collateral posted upon the purchase of the contracts comprising the index.
In exchange, the other party, the buyer of the credit risk, agrees to pay the difference in value of the specified asset multiplied by the notional value should that value decrease between the same specified periods of time. Total return swaps often appear in asset classes other than the credit asset class; however, for the purpose of the CFTC Swaps Report, all total return swaps are counted only in the credit asset class.
identifier for a swap that is used in recordkeeping and swap data reporting
CFTC Data Management Branch 'Unique Swap Identifier (USI) Data Standard', October 1, 2012, usidatastandards100112.pdf
has funding leg
indicates the leg of a return swap that specifies a set payment rate, typically benchmark based but possibly a fixed rate
relates a swap contract to a leg that is part of that swap
has return leg
indicates the leg of a return swap whose payments are based on the return of an underlying asset
relates a swap lifecycle event to the identifier for the swap
relates a swap leg to the to the swap that includes it
Delaware Division of Corporations business entity identifier for BSDR LLC
BSDR LLC legal entity that is a Delaware Limited Liability Company
Chicago Mercantile Exchange, established in 1848 as the world's first futures exchange based in Chicago
Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) business entity identifier
Delaware Division of Corporations business entity identifier for Chicago Mercantile Exchange, Inc.
Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) date established
date that Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) was established as a Delaware Corporation
Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) headquarters address
headquarters address for Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME)
Chicago Mercantile Exchange legal entity that is a Delaware Corporation
business entity identifier for DTCC Data Repository (U.S) LLC
New York State Division of Corporations business entity identifier for DTCC Data Repository (U.S.) LLC
DTCC Data Repository (U.S) LLC date established
date that DTCC Data Repository (U.S) LLC was established
DTCC Data Repository (U.S) LLC headquarters address
headquarters address for DTCC Data Repository (U.S) LLC
DTCC Data Repository (U.S) LLC legal entity that is a New York Limited Liability Company
ICE Trade Vault, LLC legal entity that is a Delaware Limited Liability Company
business entity identifier for ICE Trade Vault, LLC
Delaware Division of Corporations business entity identifier for ICE Trade Vault, LLC
date that ICE Trade Vault, LLC was established
ICE Trade Vault, LLC headquarters address
headquarters address for ICE Trade Vault, LLC
contract IY7VKEUR45886 that is a fixed/float, single currency interest rate swap
contract IY7VKEUR45886 swap leg 1 that is a fixed interest rate leg
Need to create the 1st period fixing date, payment days offset, discount notional amount, average remaining notional currency, net present value currency (pair, of type monetary amount)
contract leg 1 IY7VKEUR45886 effective date
contract leg 1 interest payment terms IY7VKEUR45886
interest payment terms for contract IY7VKEUR45886 swap leg 1 that is a fixed interest rate leg
contract leg 1 IY7VKEUR45886 fixed interest rate
contract leg 1 IY7VKEUR45886 notional amount
contract leg 1 IY7VKEUR45886 termination date
contract IY7VKEUR45886 swap leg 2 that is a floating interest rate leg
Need to create the interest rate reset schedule or add a simple payment frequency, need a separate property for reference interest rate, need rate tenor
contract leg 2 IY7VKEUR45886 effective date
contract leg 2 interest payment terms IY7VKEUR45886
interest payment terms for contract IY7VKEUR45886 swap leg 2 that is a floating interest rate leg
contract leg 2 IY7VKEUR45886 floating interest rate
contract leg 2 IY7VKEUR45886 notional amount
contract leg 2 IY7VKEUR45886 termination date
European Central Bank business day adjustment
ISIN for sample swap contract IY7VKEUR45886
unique swap identifier for sample swap contract IY7VKEUR45886
securities transaction for contract IY7VKEUR45886
Need to create the trade event - this is the activity (maybe we should rename these now? in FND to activity and event?) and add lifecycle elements - date and time, status of the trade and settlement status
swap contract party A for all of the sample contracts in the sample swap data
swap contract party ZZZWWK96TRQY0F2IY7VK
interest rate swap in which the two streams of interest payments are in different currencies
interest rate swap in which both parties pay a fixed interest rate that they could not otherwise obtain outside of a swap arrangement
For example, each counterparty uses a different native currency, but wants to borrow money in the other counterparty's native currency.
Fixed-fixed swaps generally take the form of either a zero coupon swap or a cross-currency swap.
ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI code), Fourth edition, 2019-10.
fixed float cross-currency interest rate swap
interest rate swap in which fixed interest payments on the notional are exchanged for floating interest payments and the two streams of interest payments are in different currencies
fixed float cross currency interest rate swap
fixed-float cross-currency interest rate swap
interest rate swap in which fixed interest payments on the notional are exchanged for floating interest payments
fixed float single currency interest rate swap
interest rate swap in which fixed interest payments on the notional are exchanged for floating interest payments and where both payment streams are expressed in terms of the same currency
fixed-float single-currency interest rate swap
fixed leg that specifies fixed interest amounts and terms for the payment of that interest
This may be the funding leg of some swaps (i.e. one party agrees to pay fixed interest amounts in exchange for whatever is the other leg) or it may be one or both sides of an interest rate swap, where the two parties exchange different interest payment streams.
float float cross-currency interest rate swap
interest rate swap that exchanges cashflows based on two different interest rates in different currencies
float-float cross-currency interest rate swap
interest rate swap that exchanges cashflows based on two different floating interest rates
This is a swap in which two parties swap variable interest rates based on different money markets, and this is usually done to limit interest-rate risk that a company faces as a result of having differing lending and borrowing rates.
float float single currency interest rate swap
interest rate swap that exchanges cashflows based on two different floating interest rates in the same currency
float-float single-currency interest rate swap
floating leg in which variable interest is paid on some notional amount, linked to some underlying interest reference rate
Instead of an absolute rate you have either a variable reference rate or fixed reference rate and an offset that varies in some way, called a spread (same as margin in floating rate notes).
inflation leg
floating rate leg of an inflation swap linked to an inflation index, such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI)
inflation swap
rate swap in which one party pays an amount calculated using an inflation rate index, and the other party pays an amount calculated using another inflation rate index, or a fixed or floating interest rate
swap in which the reference (underlier) for at least one leg is an interest rate
swap leg that has an interest rate payment stream, including both a parametric and cashflow representation for the stream of payments
the amount of money that is subtracted from the notional on each step date
Note that this is an actual concrete sum of money, which may be specified either as a monetary amount (e.g. dollars and cents) or as a percentage of either the original notional amount or the previous notional amount.
event in which a step change in the notional amount for a given swap leg occurs
The frequency / period length of the steps in the step schedule is a multiple of the calculation period or frequency. For example, if the notional is recalculated on every calculation date, applying a new interest rate to the new notional amount, then the two frequencies are the same. If notional is updated every second calculation period, then the step schedule specifies periods that are twice as long, and so on.
recurrence interval indicating the frequency with which step changes occur, which is a multiple of the calculation period in the calculation schedule
schedule of changes in the notional amount on which interest is paid, comprising the regular sequence of step events
overnight index swap
swap in which the periodic payments for one leg are based on an overnight interest rate index multiplied by the same notional amount upon which payments for the other leg of the swap are based
OIS swap
The interest of the overnight rate portion of the swap is compounded and paid at reset dates. The present value for the leg is determined by either compounding of the overnight rate or by taking the geometric average of the rate over a given period.
floating leg in which periodic payments are based on an overnight interest rate index multiplied by the same notional amount on which the payments for the other leg of the swap are based
fixed-float single currency interest rate swap in which interest payments are netted, the notional principal does not change, and there are no embedded options
interest rate swap in which the two streams of interest payments are in the same currency
interest rate swap in which the fixed rate cash flows are compounded and paid once on the expiration date, rather than periodically; the payments on the other side (which can be based on a floating interest rate or a fixed rate) follow typical swap payment schedules
indicates the initial date in a notional step schedule
indicates an optional ceiling (cap) on interest rates on floating rate debts
Rate caps can be viewed as insurance, ensuring that the maximum borrowing rate never exceeds the specified cap level.
indicates an optional lower bound on interest rates on floating rate debts
defines the spread rate that can optionally be used to adjust the floating rate
Such adjustments may be added to or subtracted from the floating rate.
indicates the final date in a notional step schedule
indicates a multiplier applied to the coupon before adding the floating rate spread
dispersion swap index constituents leg
dispersion leg whose underlier is a defined set of constituents of a given equity index
dispersion swap index leg
dispersion leg whose underlier is an equity index
dividend leg
floating leg of a dividend swap
Note that both dividend swaps and some statistical swaps can be based on a dividend stream/leg.
dividend swap
equity swap that has at least one leg whose underlier is a dividend stream
Dividend swaps include those that are fixed-term contracts between two parties where one party makes an interest rate payment for each interval and the other party pays the total dividends received as pay-out by a selected underlying asset.
equity correlation swap
correlation swap that allows one to hedge risks associated with the observed average correlation of a collection of underlying equity products
The underlier for the leg can be any of (1) dividend stream for a single stock, (2) change in value for a single share, (3) change in value for a basket of shares, (4) change in value for an index, (5) value of a dividend stream for a basket of shares, or (6) comparison of the change in value of a given share or basket or index against something else - for example, a single share against an index, which is the thing you are cross-correlating with the volatility of the share.
equity price return swap
return swap whose return leg underlier is based on equities
A price return equity swap is similar to a total return swap, except that dividends are not passed through to the buyer).
equity return leg
return leg whose income is based on equities
equity swap
swap whose payments are linked to the change in value of underlying equities (e.g. shares, basket of equities or index) or their cashflow(s)
Equity swaps can be physically or cash settled.
equity total return swap
total return swap whose return leg underlier is based on equities
equity variance swap
dispersion swap in which the parties agree to exchange payments based on the difference between (i) the realized variance of the price changes of a specified equity underlier over a stated observation period and (ii) a fixed amount of variance that is agreed when the contract is executed
An equity variance swap is a forward swap that uses the variance (being the volatility squared) of an underlying's price movement over a period as the basis for the payoff calculation.
equity volatility swap
dispersion swap that is a forward contract on the variability of movements in the price of its underlying equities
An equity volatility swap is a measure of the amount by which an asset's price is expected to fluctuate over a given period of time; it is normally measured by the annual standard deviation of daily price changes.
qualifying dividend period
date period over which the sum of all qualifying dividends paid by the relevant issuers as identified in the swap terms is calculated
special dividend leg terms
terms that are invoked if special dividend and memorial dividends are applicable
basket of debt instruments
basket of securities whose constituents are debt instruments
capitalized lease obligation debt basket
basket of debt instruments whose constituents are contracts entitling a renter the temporary use of an asset and, in accounting terms, has asset ownership characteristics
A capitalized lease obligation basket is increasingly broadly drafted to include indebtedness incurred to finance the purchase, improvement, repair, renewal etc. of property (including the purchase of stock of a person owning such property).
contribution debt basket
basket of debt instruments that allows a company to incur an amount of indebtedness that is equal to (or in top tier sponsor transactions in the U.S., up to two times) the amount of equity contributed to the group
A non-guarantor debt basket is often also permitted to be secured by assets of a subsidiary other than the issuer/borrower or guarantors.
In U.S. law, a non-guarantor debt basket is a shared basket in an amount not to exceed the greater of $150,000,000 and 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period at any time outstanding that may be used for (A) the incurrence of certain Indebtedness by Restricted Subsidiaries that are not Loan Parties under Sections 6.01(a)(xii), 6.01(a)(xix) and 6.01(a)(xx) and (B) Secured Cash Management Obligations of any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party.
credit facility debt basket
basket of securities whose constituents are credit agreements that allow the borrower to periodically take out money over an extended period of time rather than reapplying for a loan every time they need funds
The credit facility debt basket consists of a number of credit facilities including revolving loans/line of credit, committed facilities, letters of credit and most retail credit accounts. The first port of call for issuers is the credit facility debt basket. In addition to the fixed dollar (or euro) amounts, credit facility debt baskets in senior secured notes and indentures typically provide for a grower component that is the greater of the fixed dollar/euro amount and a percentage of total assets, total tangible assets or EBITDA.
security-based derivative whose underlier is a debt observable
security-based derivative whose underlier is based on equities (e.g. shares, basket of equities or index) or their cashflow(s)
general debt basket
basket of debt instruments that provides additional capacity for potential funding and does not require the proceeds to be used for any particular purpose
The general debt basket has increasingly become a basket for additional secured debt. Lenders providing funding to companies need to carefully consider whether any previous debt incurred by the company using this basket has reduced the available capacity.
incremental facility debt basket
basket of credit facilities whose constituents are extensible, allowing companies to borrow an additional term loan or revolving credit facility (or increase the commitments applicable thereto) under the same credit agreement subject to certain parameters
The incremental debt basket is available to borrowers and guarantors only; it cannot be used by non-guarantor entities to raise indebtedness. The size of the incremental debt basket varies depending on the size and creditworthiness of the credit group. The principle of a basket consists of allowing the borrower, up to a maximum determined amount, to make restricted payments, disposals or investments, or take on incremental debt. Commonly, a basket is expressed as subject to restrictions based on a fixed ('hard cap') amount (e.g., may not exceed EUR 5,000,000).
builder basket
local lines of credit debt basket
basket of debt instruments that may be relevant for companies with international operations, often permitting debt to be incurred by a non-guarantor restricted subsidiary
non-guarantor debt basket
basket of debt instruments that include a provision allowing certain subsidiaries within a corporate group, which are not part of the loan guarantee, to incur a specified amount of indebtedness
ratio debt basket
basket of debt instruments whose constituents are specified based on a leverage ratio based on total debt rather than only secured debt
The ratio basket provides different ratio tests depending on the type of indebtedness being incurred (for example, first lien leverage ratio in respect of first lien indebtedness, senior secured leverage ratio in respect of indebtedness secured by a junior lien and a total net leverage ratio or interest coverage ratio in respect of unsecured indebtedness). A ratio basket would typically allow the borrower to incur debt secured on a senior secured basis subject to a maximum senior secured leverage ratio and unsecured debt subject to a maximum total leverage ratio.
security-based derivative
derivative instrument whose underlier is based on a security, including collections of securities and indices based on securities
bankruptcy
credit event involving a change in state or condition in which a party becomes insolvent
Barron's Dictionary of Banking Terms, Sixth Edition, 2012
credit event
event signifying a sudden change in credit standing, such as bankruptcy or a violation of a bond indenture or loan agreement, that raises doubts about the party's ability to meet current or future obligations
cross default provision
contract provision that triggers a default under one contract if the borrower defaults on another related obligation
Cross default provisions are commonly found in loans, bond indentures, syndicated loans, and other instruments such as certain master agreements (e.g., derivatives transactions master agreements).
default event
credit event representing a failure to meet a contractual obligation, such as failure to repay a debt including interest or principal on a loan or security
A default can occur when a borrower is unable to make timely payments, misses payments, or avoids or stops making payments, typically with respect to a single transaction. A default has adverse effects on the borrower's credit and ability to borrow in the future, and allows the creditor to demand immediate repayment of the obligation in full.
distressed ratings downgrade
credit event triggered when the credit rating of an obligation is downgraded to a distressed debt level
downgrade
credit event triggered when the credit rating of a party or obligation is lowered
On October 17, 2013, Dagong Global Credit Rating downgraded the United States from A to A- and maintained a negative outlook on the country's credit.
entity-specific credit event
credit event that applies to a given legal person
failure to pay
default event that is triggered following any applicable grace period in which a payment obligation is missed
failure to pay interest
default event that where either an expected interest payment is missed altogether or the amount paid is less than the required amount
failure to pay principal
default event that where either an expected principal payment is missed altogether or the amount paid is less than the required amount
filing for bankruptcy
credit event that involves a request to a court to be recognized as bankrupt
The bankruptcy process is initiated via a petition filed by the debtor or on behalf of creditors. The debtor's assets may be used to repay a portion of outstanding debt as specified by the court or a court-appointed individual.
hard credit event
default event that is not repairable
installment default
default event involving non-payment of several installment payments as scheduled in the terms of the agreement, or non-payment of a call by the beneficial owner
The latter may result in a court action by the issuer or the sale of the securities to recover costs and/or a forfeit of partially paid securities.
interest obligation in light of default
obligation in respect of default(s) in the performance of any payment obligation
Prior to the occurrence or effective designation of an early termination date in respect of the relevant transaction, a party that defaults in the performance of any payment obligation will, to the extent permitted by law (and in the case of an ISDA Master Agreement is subject to Section 6(c)), be required to pay interest (before as well as after judgment) on the overdue amount to the other party on demand in the same currency as such overdue amount, for the period from (and including) the original due date for payment to (but excluding) the date of actual payment, at the default rate. Such interest will be calculated on the basis of daily compounding and the actual number of days elapsed.
maturity extension
credit event involving extension of payments beyond the original maturity date of the obligation
As stipulated in the terms and conditions for a bond, for example, the issuer or the bondholder may prolong the maturity date. After extension, the security may differ from original issue (new rate or maturity date). May be subject to bondholder's approval.
moratorium
entity-specific credit event involving a temporary suspension of payments until related issues are resolved
A moratorium may be a legally-mandated hiatus in debt collection as a part of a bankruptcy process.
obligation acceleration
credit event triggered when one or more reference obligations become immediately due and payable as a result of a default or covenant breach on the reference entity's other debt instruments, subject to a materiality threshold
obligation default
credit event triggered as a result of an obligation-specific default
obligation restructuring
credit event that materially impacts an obligation, such as an interest rate reduction, principal reduction, deferral of interest or principal, change in priority ranking, or change in currency or composition of payment
obligation-specific credit event
credit event that relates to an individual credit agreement or debt instrument (reference obligation)
repudiation
credit event involving the refusal to honor the terms of a contract
soft credit event
default event that is repairable
If the default is not repaired within a grace period, then a failure to repair (failure to pay) credit event is triggered, potentially as a hard default.
write-down
obligation-specific credit event whereby the book value of the obligation, such as the outstanding principal amount, is reduced
has default interest compounding basis
indicates the basis on which default interest is to be calculated, as a period of time
has default threshold amount
specifies an amount of money that triggers a failure to pay, repudiation/moratorium or restructuring event
has grace period
window following any payment due date during which a party must fulfill its obligations before a failure to pay credit event occurs
Note that this may be a period denominated in business days or calendar days.
involves multiple events
indicates that the restructuring spans more than one credit event
is default interest applicable
indicates whether a party that defaults in the performance of any payment obligation is, to the extent permitted by law and the applicable agreement, required to pay interest (before as well as after judgment) on the overdue amount to the other party on demand in the same currency as such overdue amount, for the period from (and including) the original due date for payment to (but excluding) the date of actual payment
is grace period extendable
indicates whether or not the grace period may be extended, which may be jurisdiction specific
the process of accumulating interest or other income that has been earned but not paid
There are legal contractual terms for the accrual of interest, as distinct from the payment of interest.
accrued interest
amount of interest that has been incurred, as of a specific date, on a loan or other financial obligation but has not yet been paid out
Accrued interest refers to the interest that has accumulated on a bond or other financial obligation since the last interest payment up to, but not including, the settlement date. This interest is earned over time but not yet paid out to the bondholder, for example. If this is a dirty price, this is the amount of accrued interest that is included in the price. This is therefore passed on to the purchaser of the bond or debt instrument.
the process of reduction of debt or other costs through periodic charges to assets or liabilities, such as through principal payments on mortgages
schedule of periodic payments (repayment installments) that specify changes in the balance of the debt over time
Payments are divided into equal amounts for the duration of the loan or debt instrument, making it the simplest repayment model. A greater amount of the payment is applied to interest at the beginning of the amortization schedule, while more money is applied to principal at the end.
party to a credit agreement that is obligated to repay the amount borrowed (principal) with interest and other fees according to the terms of the instrument
system for allocating identifiers to borrowers
Many banks and other financial institutions have internal systems for assigning identifiers to borrowers. In the United States, larger banks may use a Customer Information File (CIF) number, assigned as a part of their federally mandated Customer Information Program (CIP).
sequence of characters, capable of uniquely identifying a borrower
A given identifier identifies a particular borrower with respect to at least some number of notes/facilities inside a particular institution according to some policy for minting identifiers. Optimally, there would be a single identifier for a given borrower, but due to operational issues, this is often not the case. A CIF number, or Customer Information File number, is used to link accounts across an institution to all notes/facilities owed by a given borrower.
upper bound on the total amount of money that a lender believes a party has the ability to repay an obligation when due, as of some point in time
The notion of borrowing capacity is related to management decisions pertaining to credit, i.e., the creditworthiness of the borrower, loan amount, risk tolerance, and so forth, and may be reassessed from time to time depending on the type of credit agreement and regulatory requirements. Determining borrowing capacity is typically done as a part of loan origination, especially for residential mortgages.
lease that must be reflected on an organization's balance sheet as an asset and as a corresponding liability
In the United States, such leases must be reported per Statement 13 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board. Generally, this applies to leases where the lessee acquires essentially all of the economic benefits and risks of the leased property.
something pledged as security to ensure fulfillment of an obligation to another party, to lend money, extend credit, or provision securities
appraised value of the collateral for an obligation as of a given date
committed credit facility
credit facility that is a confirmed source of financing for the borrower, as long as the borrower meets the conditions of the agreement
committed sub-facility
contractually committed portion of a credit facility that is available to the borrower and may be associated with some specific collateral
contractual agreement in which a debtor receives something of value and typically agrees to repay the creditor by some date in the future, in some form (e.g., cash, securities, etc.), generally with interest
credit agreement in which accrued interest may be periodically repaid or paid at maturity, but principal is paid at maturity
The most common example of a credit agreement repaid at maturity is a bond.
credit agreement in which the principal and accrued interest may be periodically repaid or exchanged
Examples include revolving lines of credit, commercial loans, construction loans, residential mortgages and so forth.
credit enhancement agreement
collateral agreement that governs the exchange of collateral between parties to mitigate counterparty credit risk
A credit enhancement agreement ensures that collateral or a guarantee is established to secure obligations under the agreement. Features may include specification of the kinds of collateral or guarantee that may be used together with the relevant valuation methods, thresholds for the value of the collateral and haircuts applied based on mitigating market risk, margin requirements, dispute resolution with respect to collateral valuation and margin calls, and other operational details related to the transfer, substitution, and return of the collateral if established or posted.
collateralization
credit support agreement
financial collateral arrangement
margin arrangement
credit enhancement beneficiary
party that benefits from the collateral or guarantee established under the agreement, i.e., that is protected against counterparty credit risk because the collateral or guarantee serves as security for the obligation(s) owed to them
credit facility
credit agreement that allows the borrower to periodically take out money over an extended period of time rather than reapplying for a loan every time they need funds
Credit facilities include revolving loans/lines of credit, committed facilities, letters of credit, and most retail credit accounts. They may define sub-facilities to which the lender is prepared to commit for specific purposes.
master commitment
a party to whom an obligation, such as an amount of money, or good, or performance of some service exists
a business recurrence interval convention that is used to calculate the number of days in an interest payment, which applies to the amount of accrued interest or the present value for debt instruments
Day-count conventions apply to swaps, mortgages and forward rate agreements as well as bonds, each of which has its own day-count convention, which varies depending on the type of instrument, whether the interest rate is fixed or floating, and the country of issuance. Among the most common conventions are 30/360 or 365, actual/360 or 365, and actual/actual. A 30/360 convention assumes 30 days in a month and 360 days in a year. An actual/360 convention assumes the actual number of days in the given month and 360 days in the year. An actual/ actual convention uses the actual number of days in the given interest period and year.
day-count convention that uses 30 days in a month and 360 days in a year for calculating interest payments
See ISDA 2006 Section 4.16(f), https://web.archive.org/web/20140913145444/http://www.hsbcnet.com/gbm/attachments/standalone/2006-isda-definitions.pdf for more details on the calculation.
This convention is used for US corporate bonds and many US agency issues. It is most commonly referred to as '30/360', but the term '30/360' may also refer to any of the other conventions of this class, depending on the context. See ISDA 2006 Section 4.16(f), https://web.archive.org/web/20140913145444/http://www.hsbcnet.com/gbm/attachments/standalone/2006-isda-definitions.pdf for more details on the calculation
day-count convention that uses 30 days in a month and 365 days in a year for calculating interest payments
See ICMA Rule 251.1(ii), 251.2, and ISDA 2006 Section 4.16(g), https://web.archive.org/web/20140913145444/http://www.hsbcnet.com/gbm/attachments/standalone/2006-isda-definitions.pdf for more details on the calculation.
See ISDA 2006 Section 4.16(h), https://web.archive.org/web/20140913145444/http://www.hsbcnet.com/gbm/attachments/standalone/2006-isda-definitions.pdf for more details on the calculation.
day-count convention that uses the actual number of days in each month and 360 days in a year for calculating interest payments
See ICMA Rule 251.1(i) (not sterling), ISDA 2006 Section 4.16(e), https://web.archive.org/web/20140913145444/http://www.hsbcnet.com/gbm/attachments/standalone/2006-isda-definitions.pdf for more details on the calculation.
This convention is used in money markets for short-term lending of currencies, including the US dollar and Euro, and is applied in ESCB monetary policy operations. It is the convention used with repurchase agreements.
day-count convention that uses the actual number of days in each month and 365 days in a year for calculating interest payments
See ISDA 2006 Section 4.16(d), https://web.archive.org/web/20140913145444/http://www.hsbcnet.com/gbm/attachments/standalone/2006-isda-definitions.pdf for more details on the calculation.
day-count convention that uses the actual number of days in each month and actual number of days in that year for calculating interest payments
See ICMA Rule 251.1(iii), ISDA 2006 Section 4.16(c), https://web.archive.org/web/20140913145444/http://www.hsbcnet.com/gbm/attachments/standalone/2006-isda-definitions.pdf for more details on the calculation.
This method ensures that all coupon payments are always for the same amount. It also ensures that all days in a coupon period are valued equally. This is the convention used for US Treasury bonds and notes, among other securities.
See ISDA 2006 Section 4.16(b), https://web.archive.org/web/20140913145444/http://www.hsbcnet.com/gbm/attachments/standalone/2006-isda-definitions.pdf for more details on the calculation.
This convention accounts for days in the period based on the portion in a leap year and the portion in a non-leap year.
obligation to pay something, such as an amount of money, good, service, or instrument
In cases where the debtor and payer are the same legal person, then a debt is equivalent to a payment obligation.
contract terms that specify the formal rights and obligations of borrower and lender under a contract in which funds are lent from the one party to the other
These may be terms in a loan contract (including for example a mortgage contract) or they may be the contractual terms of a debt security.
a party that owes a debt or other obligation to another party
schedule of events, including but not limited to payment events, rate reset events and others that will occur over the lifetime of the credit agreement
This is a schedule of actual dates and events that are terms of the contract.
interest rate that does not fluctuate over the lifetime of a loan or other debt instrument
variable interest rate that is based on a specific index or benchmark rate
Certain revolving credit, such as credit-card related debt, may adjust after a specified period of time to an absolute rate stated in the agreement (variable but not floating) rather than based on a benchmark rate (variable, floating).
The index used to determine the specific interest rate is generally included in the terms of the loan. In most cases, lenders will also charge a spread, or added percentage points on top of the established index rate. If a loan is billed as prime plus 2.5 percent, for a prime rate of 3.5 percent, the terms of the loan will require the borrower to pay off a 6 percent interest. Floating interest rates typically involve periodic reset dates for the loan, particularly when the index rate changes. Resets may also occur online at market predetermined intervals, with yearly adjustments being a common arrangement.
amortization in which the very last payment (which, if the schedule was calculated correctly, should be equal to all others) pays off all remaining principal and interest on the loan
the cost of using credit, or another's money, expressed as a rate per period of time, payable by a debtor to a creditor in consideration of the credit extended to the debtor
event reflecting the calculation of interest
regular, contract-specific schedule including the dates on which interest is calculated
The dates may be fixed, or relative to the corresponding interest payment date. It may be the same as the payment date, in arrears, or forward looking to the next interest payment.
event reflecting the actual payment of interest
regular, contract-specific schedule including the dates on which interest is due to be paid
The dates may be fixed, or expressed as an offset of the calculation dates. Typically the payment dates are fixed and calculation dates are expressed as an offset, however.
contract terms for payment of interest on a debt
Interest is usually payable on any outstanding principal amount, therefore interest relates to the amount of debt outstanding at any given point of time, not to the principal amount advanced at the time that the loan was advanced or the debt security issued (aside from the initial payment).
Note that in most cases, the dates and payment frequencies for interest will coincide with the dates and payment frequencies related to the principal.
event reflecting a potential adjustment to an interest rate, typically corresponding to a change in the underlying benchmark interest rate or index specified in the contract
Note that depending on the contract, a rate reset can occur daily or on some other timetable, and depending on the underlying benchmark, the actual rate may or may not change. Rate resets may be associated with variable interest rate loans, scheduled reset dates for loans and other debt instruments, for example, interest rate swaps, certain kinds of bonds, and the like. The date on which interest is (re)calculated may be an explicit or date relative.
regular, contract-specific schedule including the dates on which a rate reset, and corresponding actual rate, is recalculated
event on which an initial rate for a given contract is set, which may be relative the the occurrence of some other contract lifecycle event, such as the execution date
credit agreement permitting the use of real estate, equipment or another asset, such as a vehicle, by the owner of that asset (the lessor) to a user (the lessee) for a specific period of time in return for payment as specified in the agreement
The lessor is the legal owner of the asset, while the lessee obtains the right to use the asset in return for rental payments. The lessee also agrees to abide by various conditions regarding their use of the property or equipment. For example, a person leasing a car may agree to the condition that the car will only be used for personal use.
a party that extends credit or money to a borrower with the expectation of being repaid, usually with interest
variable interest rate charged by a financial institution for borrowing that is not prescribed as a margin over base rate but is set from time to time by the institution
lease of a motor vehicle for a fixed period of time at an agreed amount of money
Motor vehicle leasing is commonly offered by dealers as an alternative to a vehicle purchase but is widely used by businesses as a method of acquiring (or having the use of) vehicles for business use, without the usually needed cash outlay. The key difference in a lease is that after the primary term (usually 2, 3 or 4 years) the vehicle has to either be returned to the leasing company or purchased for the residual value.
amortization in which the payments made do not cover the interest due
asset pledged as collateral that is a financial asset, rather than physical asset
Examples of non-physical collateral include, but are not limited to, bank deposits, accounts receivable, stocks, bonds, other securities, and the like.
amortization in which the very last payment the last payment due may be a large balloon payment of all remaining principal and interest
asset pledged as collateral that has a material form, i.e., is a physical asset of the obligor
Examples of physical collateral include, but are not limited to, real estate, equipment, vehicles, spare parts, inventory, goods, supplies, fixtures, and leasehold improvements.
with respect to a debt: the value of an obligation, such as a bond or loan, raised and that must be repaid at maturity; for investments: the original amount of money invested, separate from any associated interest, dividends or capital gains
event reflecting the actual payment of some amount of the principal of a debt
regular, contract-specific schedule including the dates on which some percentage or all of the principal is due to be (re)paid
contract terms that specify requirements for repayment of the principal
schedule of events, including but not limited to anticipated payment events, rate reset events and others that are expected to occur over the lifetime of the contract
A projected schedule is a regular schedule that documents the anchor dates and frequency of occurrences, using rules, rather than providing an explicit list of dates. This method will project future event dates (transaction event dates), based on the frequencies specified and may be adjusted due to calendar restrictions and other rules to deal with holidays, weekends, and so forth in addition to contract-specific events.
time of day that an interest rate is reset, as indicated by some interest rate authority or market data provider
Examples include certain rates published by the Federal Reserve Board in their H.15 schedule, which are published at 4:15 pm on business days that are not holidays in the US.
retail credit facility
credit facility that is a loan or line of credit used by retailers and real estate companies
Most consumer credit cards are retail credit facilities, for example.
revolving line of credit
credit facility that enables the borrower to withdraw funds, repay, and withdraw again
Revolving credit facilities are essentially lines of credit with variable interest rates.
collateral agreement that grants a financial interest in some collateral to a party that is not an owner of that collateral, specifying terms including relative duties and rights, over and above those specified in the primary contract, regarding the disposition of the asset used as collateral
Examples include deeds of trust and uniform commercial code (UCC) agreements.
sub-facility
portion of a credit facility extended to the borrower for some purpose, possibly per some schedule specified in the facility
Each sub-facility may have separate terms, and may be or include individual promissory notes, depending on the facility. The amount of associated with the individual sub-facilities sums to the total credit facility amount. Sub-facilities may, individually, have a stated purpose, such as to cover inventory, equipment, accounts receivable, working capital, letters of credit, and so forth.
uncommitted credit facility
credit facility that has yet to be confirmed as a source of financing for the borrower
uncommitted sub-facility
sub-facility that has yet to be confirmed as a source of financing for the borrower
an interest rate that is allowed to vary over the maturity of a loan or other debt instrument
links contractual terms embedded in a contract, such as interest or repayment terms to the element those terms apply to
identifies the convention that defines how interest accrues on something, that is the number of days in a month and days in a year that are counted when performing interest accrual calculations
specifies the gross amount of credit that has been provided to the borrower as of a given point in time with respect to a specific agreement (e.g. for line of credit)
specifies the number of payments promised per the terms of the contract over the lifetime of the contract assuming all payments are made
indicates an amount of money available for an individual or organization to borrow
relates a contract, such as a debt instrument or credit agreement, to one or more parties that are incurring the debt
the frequency at which interest is added to the principal of the debt over the course of the agreement
specifies the maximum amount of credit that may be borrowed with respect to a specific agreement (e.g. for line of credit)
indicates the monetary amount of the debt
Represents the total debt amount including principal and interest
the face value of currency units, coins, or securities
the date on which the last interest payment is due
indicates the specific date when the initial exchange of assets or funds takes place
For a credit agreement, this is the initial funding date, such as the funding of the principal amount, or a portion thereof, but for other kinds of instruments, it may be something else. In the context of contracts related to swaps, options, or other derivative instruments, the initial exchange date marks the point where the parties legally commit to the terms of the agreement and exchange the initial required amounts.
the date from which interest begins to accrue
the date on which the first interest payment is due
the date on which the first payment against the principal is due
the day of the month on which interest payments must be made on the debt
the frequency at which interest payments must be made on the debt
relates something, such as an agreement, or debt instrument, to the rate (typically annual) of interest that is to be paid by the debtor to the creditor on the debt
relates something, such as an agreement, or debt instrument, to the upper bound (ceiling) rate (typically annual) of interest on variable-rate debt that is to be paid by the debtor to the creditor on the debt
relates a contract, such as a debt instrument or credit agreement, to one or more parties that are financing the debt
indicates the date on which the principal amount of an instrument is due to be repaid to the investor and interest or coupon payments stop, and/or the date on which the instrument may be redeemed
Maturity dates typically apply to debt instruments, such as notes, drafts, bonds, and other loans, but may also apply to preferred shares and other financial instruments.
specifies the ceiling on the amount of credit that can be drawn by the borrower in a single request with respect to a specific agreement (e.g. for line of credit) within the specified credit limit
indicates the lifespan of credit agreement or offering, from the date of issuance to the scheduled maturity date
indicates an amount of money representing the principal, interest, or other amount owed at a specific point in time
indicates the face value of an obligation, such as a bond or loan, that must be repaid at maturity, i.e., the base amount raised by a mortgage or other debt instrument
the day of the month on which payments on the principal must be made
the frequency at which payments on the principal must be made
relates an instrument to the date by which the principal must be repaid in full
Depending on the terms of the instrument (debt security, such as a bond, loan, etc.), this may be the date of a single payment of the debt principal or of the completion of scheduled partial redemption payments.
links the process of reduction of debt or other costs through periodic charges to the relevant asset or liability
relates something to something else on which it rests, or that supports it in some way
relates some collateral to an agreement pledging the asset as security
relates an agreement to an asset pledged as security
links a monetary amount that is the cost of using credit to the debt that it applies to
links a creditor to a debt that is outstanding and payable to them
links a debt to the party to which it is payable
links the value of a debt, excluding any interest or other costs of using credit, to the debt that it applies to
guaranty that takes the form of some asset that is pledged by a borrower to a lender (usually in return for a loan)
In some cases, the lender may require the borrower to place pledged assets such as cash or securities in a separate account that the lender controls.
guaranty provided by a government entity, such as for a government-backed security
party that guarantees, endorses, or provides indemnity for some obligation on behalf of some other party
Barron's Dictionary of Business and Economics Terms, Fifth Edition, 2012
In some cases, the party acting as guarantor may also be a party to the contract, such as in the case of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. In such cases, the same individual would be modeled as having both roles.
commitment whereby something is formally assured if a party with primary liability fails to perform
The commitment may cover a debt, cash flows on a debt instrument (such as interest payments), or performance of some obligation.
guaranty that is realized as an insurance policy
contract that (1) puts an indemnity cover into effect, (2) serves as a legal evidence of the insurance agreement, (3) sets out the exact terms on which the indemnity cover has been provided, and (4) states associated information such as the (a) specific risks and perils covered, (b) duration of coverage, (c) amount of premium, (d) mode of premium payment, and (e) deductibles, if any
financial service provider that issues an insurance policy
guaranty provided by at least two parties, jointly and severally
letter from a bank or other creditworthy institution guaranteeing that a buyer's payment to a seller will be received on time and for the correct amount
In some states in the U.S., the issuer is not limited to financial institutions -- it is simply a written instrument, addressed by one person to another, requesting the latter to give credit to the person in whose favor it is drawn.
In the event that the buyer is unable to make payment, the bank or other issuer is required to cover the full or remaining amount.
guaranty that takes the form of a letter of credit, i.e., a document issued by a bank guaranteeing the payment up to a stated amount for a specified period
guaranty whereby the issuer will not pledge any assets if doing so would result in less security for lender(s) or investor(s)
counterparty to and typically owner of an insurance policy
relative ranking that a guaranty has in the context of a contract, for example for a credit enhancement priority
relates the guaranty to the monetary amount guaranteed
relates the guarantor to the contract for which they are providing a guaranty
indicates a party that guarantees, endorses, or provides indemnity for some obligation on its behalf
relates a guaranty to some relative ranking that the guaranty has in the context of the contract, for example for a credit enhancement priority
relates guaranty to the contract guarantor, i.e., to the legal person providing the guaranty
identifies a party over which a guarantor has some measure of control by virtue of the guarantee
calculation agent
party that is responsible for determining the value of an instrument and in some cases, determines how much the parties owe one another
A calculation agent is an entity responsible for performing calculations and determinations outlined in financial agreements, often related to derivatives or structured products. They ensure accuracy and timeliness in calculating payments, interest rates, or other terms based on predefined formulas and market conditions. The agent can establish the price for a given instrument and may act as its guarantor and issuer. If the counterparty in a derivative transaction is a broker-dealer, then the broker-dealer will often act as the calculation agent.
financial instrument whose value is determined by the market and that is readily transferable (highly liquid)
Cash instruments can be classified into two subgroups, as securities and other cash instruments such as loans and deposits.
financial instrument representing an ownership interest in bulk goods, such as raw materials and primary agricultural products
The value of the contract is derived from the market value of an underlying commodity or commodity index. Commodity derivatives can be physically or cash settled. Primary underliers include metals, agricultural goods and energy.
financial instrument used for the purposes of currency trading
Example currencies include UK pounds, US dollars, Euro. An example currency instrument is spot currency instrument.
Each instance of a currency instrument has a one to one relationship with its associated currency.
Parameswaran, Sunil. Fundamentals of Financial Instruments: An Introduction to Stocks, Bonds, Foreign Exchange, and Derivatives. John Wiley and Sons (Asia) Pte. Lte., Singapore, 2011.
financial instrument and credit agreement evidencing monies owed by the issuer to the holder on terms as specified
financial instrument that confers on its holders certain rights or obligations, whose value is derived from one or more underlying assets
The three major categories of derivatives are (1) forward and future contracts, (2) options contracts, and (3) swaps. The most common underlying assets include stocks, bonds, commodities, currencies, interest rates and market indexes.
Derivatives can be characterized by whether they are exchange-traded or traded over-the-counter (OTC).
Derivative contracts owe their availability to the existence of markets for an underlying asset or a portfolio of assets on which such agreements are written. The derivative itself is merely a contract between two or more parties. Its value is determined by fluctuations in the underlying asset. Most derivatives are characterized by high leverage.
Note that the quantity value associated with the derivative represents the quantity of the underlier. The price of the underlier is included in settlement terms.
financial instrument that provides the holder an interest in, or the privilege to subscribe to, or to receive specific assets under terms specified
Note that certain fund units, including but not limited to units in pension funds and other non-public investment structures may be considered entitlements but not securities. They may or may not be identified using traditional financial instrument identifiers. Some entitlements, such as warrants, whose value changes based on the value of some underlier, are considered derivative instruments.
financial instrument representing an ownership interest in an entity or pool of assets
security that is exempt from certain regulatory rules
Some exemptions from the registration requirement include: private offerings to a limited number of persons or institutions; offerings of limited size; intrastate offerings; and securities of municipal, state, and federal governments.
Generally, securities must be filed with the appropriate regulatory agencies in the jurisdiction in which they are sold. The registration forms companies file provide essential facts while minimizing the burden and expense of complying with the law. Not all securities must be registered, however. By exempting many small offerings from the registration process, regulators seek to foster capital formation by lowering the cost of offering securities to the public.
written contract that gives rise to both a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability of another entity
Examples of financial instruments include: cash, evidence of an ownership interest in an entity, or a contractual right to receive (or deliver) cash, or another financial instrument.
A financial instrument can be thought of as a template that defines an arrangement structure that remains to be fleshed out with terms and parameters in order to establish a specific instance of the contract.
sequence of characters uniquely identifying a financial instrument for some purpose and within a specified context
Identifiers for financial instruments may include an ISIN, Sedol, CUSIP, BBGID, FIGI, or other identifier issued approximately when the instrument itself is issued, and based on the kind of instrument and jurisdiction in which it is issued.
derivative instrument that obligates the buyer to receive and the seller to deliver the assets specified at an agreed price, at some later point in time
A futures contract obligates the buyer to pay the seller a predetermined price based on the market value of the underlier, unless the contract is sold before settlement date which may happen if a trader waits to take a profit or cut a loss. This contrasts with options trading in which the option buyer may choose whether or not to exercise the option. Futures are distinguished from generic forward contracts in that they contain standardized terms, trade on a formal exchange, are regulated by overseeing agencies, and are guaranteed by clearing houses. Also, in order to insure that payment will occur, futures have a margin requirement that must be settled daily. Finally, by making an offsetting trade, taking delivery of goods, or arranging for an exchange of goods, futures contracts can be closed. Hedgers often trade futures for the purpose of keeping price risk in check.
futures contract
role of a party that issues (or proposes to issue in a formal filing) one or more financial instruments
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended 12 August 2012
An issuer can be any legal person, including a legally competent natural person, company, government, or political subdivision, agency, or instrumentality of a government, depending on the nature of the instrument. A person might provide a loan directly to another party, but most instruments are issued by legal entities.
With respect to certificates of deposit for securities, voting-trust certificates, or collateral- trust certificates, or with respect to certificates of interest or shares in an unincorporated investment trust not having a board of directors or of the fixed, restricted management, or unit type, the term issuer means the person or persons performing the acts and assuming the duties of depositor or manager pursuant to the provisions of the trust or other agreement or instrument under which such securities are issued; and except that with respect to equipment-trust certificates or like securities, the term issuer means the person by whom the equipment or property is, or is to be, used.
security that can be transferred to another party
security that is not transferable to another party
Certain securities that can be redeemed by the issuer may not be 'negotiable', such as savings bonds and certificates of deposit.
derivative instrument that grants to the holder either the privilege to purchase or the privilege to sell the assets specified at a predetermined price or formula at or within a time period in the future
financial product that acts as a container for at least one financial instrument, including other financial products, and whose value is derived from, or based on a reference asset, market measure, or investment strategy
Packaged products are typically included in an institution's approved product catalog, i.e., pre-approved by compliance organizations for sale to clients. Not all institutions maintain such a catalog, with internal identifiers for such products, but many do. Such core products may have as attributes: Type (product and possibly asset class), product identifier, status and approval date, product family approval (as appropriate), and so forth.
Certain properties of the instruments, such as their term, interest rate, eligibility of the client, etc., may be set as a part of the product specification. Some of these are intrinsic but variable properties of the instrument, for example the exact interest rate, whereas others are extrinsic, such as client eligibility. Product offerings have prices, which may build in various fees, that are components of the cost of carry on a trader's books.
Reference assets and market measures may include single equity or debt securities, indexes, commodities, interest rates and/or foreign currencies, as well as baskets of these reference assets or market measures. Like other well-known market instruments such as convertible bonds, many structured products are hybrid securities. Structured products typically have two components - a debt instrument and a derivative, which is often an option. The debt instrument, in some instances, may pay interest at a specified rate and interval. The derivative component establishes payment at maturity, which may give the issuer the right to buy from you, or sell you, the referenced security or securities at a predetermined price. For example, structured products may combine characteristics of debt and equity or of debt and commodities.
SEC Rule 434 defines structured securities as 'securities whose cash flow characteristics depend upon one or more indices or that have embedded forwards or options or securities where an investor's investment return and the issuer's payment obligations are contingent on, or highly sensitive to, changes in the value of underlying assets, indices, interest rates or cash flows'.
debt instrument that is a written promise by one party to another that commits that party to pay a specified sum on demand or within a specified time frame under specified terms
Promissory notes are generally fully fungible. They may or may not be negotiable.
contract provision enabling the issuer (writer) to regain possession through repayment of some stipulated price
In general, redemption is synonymous with 'buy back' or 'cash in', depending on the kind of instrument. Redemption provisions are commonly applicable to the process of annulling a defeasible title, such as for a mortgage or tax sale, by paying the debt or fulfilling an obligation.
transaction between two or more parties involving the exchange of commonly defined financial products
ISO 23897:2020, Financial services - Unique transaction identifier (UTI), clause 3.3
financial instrument that can be bought or sold
A security can be any note, stock, treasury stock, security future, security-based swap, bond, debenture,certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement or in any oil, gas, or other mineral royalty or lease, any collateral-trust certificate, preorganization certificate or subscription, transferable share, investment contract, voting-trust certificate, certificate of deposit for a security, any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege on any security, certificate of deposit, or group or index of securities (including any interest therein or based on the value thereof), or any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege entered into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign currency, or in general, any instrument commonly known as a security, or any certificate of interest or participation in, temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, or warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase, any of the foregoing; but shall not include currency or any note, draft, bill of exchange, or bankers' acceptance which has a maturity at the time of issuance of not exceeding nine months, exclusive of days of grace, or any renewal thereof the maturity of which is likewise limited.
In the U.S., the Supreme Court has adopted a flexible and liberal approach in determining what constitutes a security. In its famous decision of SEC v. W.J. Howey Co., 328 U.S. 293, 90 L.Ed. 1244, 66 S.Ct. 1100 (1946), the Court held that land sales contracts for citrus groves in Florida, coupled with warranty deeds for the land and a contract to service the land, were 'investment contracts' and thus securities. The Court stated that [a]n investment contract for purposes of the Securities Act means a contract, transaction or scheme whereby a person invests his money in a common enterprise and is led to expect profits solely from the efforts of the promoter or a third party. 66 S.Ct. at 1103. According to the Court, it is immaterial whether the shares in the enterprise are evidenced by formal certificates or by nominal interests in the physical assets employed in the enterprise. 66 S.Ct. at 1104.
Some securities may be traded over the counter, or through an exchange, or via some other trading venue such as an electronic trading platform.
Whether a contract or other economic right is a security essentially depends on whether the holder of the contract is acting as an investor who seeks financial benefits based on the work of a promoter or a third party.
spot contract
financial instrument that settles for immediate delivery on a specified date
A spot transaction is a transaction in which some goods or instrument(s) are exchanged for some other goods or instruments, including currency, with no future delivery provision, i.e., within the minimum number of days possible. Examples include currency spots and commodity spot transactions, whose settlement convention is determined by the relevant market.
contract terms that, grouped together, that are generally and consistently reused across many contracts, published by some organization, and capable of being incorporated into a contract by reference
Each exchange has a set of terms they apply to membership agreements and with respect to the instruments that may be traded on that exchange. For example, there is a set expiration date that exchanges will publish for exchange-traded options - in the US it is the Saturday following the third Friday of every month. Similarly, there are set incremental dates for strike for exchange traded options. Contract sizes are also stipulated, for example in the US these are standardized by the OPRA Convention (Options Pricing Reporting Authority).
something that can be assigned a value in the marketplace that forms the basis for a derivative or pool-backed instrument
Underlier means any rate (including interest and foreign exchange rates), currency, commodity, security, instrument of indebtedness, index, quantitative measure, occurrence or non-occurrence of an event, or other financial or economic interest, or property of any kind, or any interest therein or based on the value thereof, in or by reference to which any payment or delivery under a transaction is to be made or determined.
has buying currency
indicates the currency purchased with respect to a currency or related instrument
Note that the buying and selling currencies could be the same under certain circumstances.
has calculation agent
indicates a party (role) responsible for determining the value of an instrument
has commodity value as of execution date
indicates the per unit value of a given commodity as of the date that the contract is executed
Nominal value of a security is its redemption price and will vary from its market value. A preferred stock's nominal (par) value is important in that it is used to calculate its dividend while the nominal value of common stock is an arbitrary value assigned for balance sheet purposes.
The nominal amount of a financial instrument is the face amount used to calculate payments made on that instrument. This amount generally does not change. For securities the nominal value is often referred to as the face or par value. This is the redemption price of the security and is normally stated on the front of that security. With respect to bonds and stocks, it is the stated value of an issued security, as opposed to its market value.
relates an organization, specifically the issuer of a financial instrument, to its principal executive address, as required for issuance of that instrument
Note that in most cases, the principal executive office address is also the headquarters address for a company.
indicates the specific terms related to redemption as specified in the instrument or a related contract document
has selling currency
indicates the currency sold with respect to a currency or related instrument
indicates a party that holds shares in the issuer
relates a derivative to something on which the contract is based
The domain of this property can be either a derivative instrument or, in the case of a swap contract, one leg of the swap.
relates something, such as an instrument or index, to the currency its value is typically expressed in
This should be the same currency that was declared at the time of issuance.
specifies the issuer in which a shareholder holds an equity position
indicates the currency in which the financial instrument was issued
jurisdiction (country, county, state, province, city) in which the financial instrument is legally recorded for regulatory and/or tax purposes
specifies whether a particular financial instrument is or is not transferable
adjusted closing price
amended closing price to reflect a security's value after accounting for any corporate actions, such as stock splits, dividends, and rights offerings
A particularly dramatic change in price occurs when a company announces a stock split. When the change is made, the price displayed will immediately reflect the split. For example, if a company splits its stock 2-for-1, the last closing price will be cut in half. That's the adjusted closing price.
auction method
method for determining a price that represents use of an independently administered synthetic auction
Auction method refers to a process where buyers enter competitive bids and sellers submit competitive offers at the same time. The price at which a security trades represents the highest price that a buyer is willing to pay and the lowest price that a seller is willing to accept. Matching bids and offers are then paired together, and the orders are executed.
best bid
highest bid price a prospective buyer is willing to pay at a particular time for a given security
best offer
lowest price acceptable to a prospective seller for a given security at a particular point in time
bid ask spread
difference between an offer (ask) price and a bid price
bid price
price a prospective buyer is willing to pay
The term 'bid price' is used by traders / market makers with respect to a given security, and that are prepared to buy or sell round lots at publicly quoted prices, and by specialists in certain instruments that perform similar functions on an exchange.
clean price
debt instrument price that does not include accrued interest
closing price
cash value of the last transacted price before the market closes
closing price determination method
strategy for calculating or otherwise determining an official closing price
The official closing price is typically the final price at which something trades during regular market hours on an exchange or trading venue. Because of the evolving nature of online trading in a 24 hour world, every exchange has a method of calculating its official closing price, although that methodology changes from time to time. They may also publish an adjusted closing price, which reflects changes to the price that reflect corporate actions and after hours trading that occur before the opening of the exchange on the following day. Understanding how the closing price is determined is important to ensure price comparability for a given security across exchanges.
collection of security prices
collection consisting of a series of prices, each of which has a specific date and time associated with it, for some security
Note that such a collection is of prices that may be quoted or may be established through analysis, such as an average over a number of markets (composite market) or developed via some pricing model (e.g., matrix pricing).
composite market
group of exchanges and trading venues referenced for pricing purposes
derived price
price that stems from another source or calculation rather than being quoted or based on actual trading data
For example, a product's price can be derived from another pricing source, such as an asset or product, using various contributing factors. Derived prices can also be calculated within a firm using published price spreads or other market data. An interpolated price is determined by interpolation between available price figures, using some algorithm or curve, such as between bid and offer (among others). It also includes yield curves and implied forward curves. That is, interpolation may either be linear (straight line interpolation between two values) or may be expressed as a non linear curve such as a yield curve or an implied forward curve.
There are evaluated prices in which an independent source evaluates a price they have derived, and there are prices which are derived within a firm, from supplied, published end of day price spreads or other market data.
interpolated price
matrix price
dirty price
debt instrument price that includes accrued interest
high price
highest price for a given security over the period specified
internal rate of return
discount rate that results in a net present value (NPV) of zero for a series of future cash flows
This concept is central to many definitions of debt instrument analytics, and is the inverse of net present value.
intra day price
price for a given security at some point between the opening and official closing price on an exchange
low price
lowest value for a given security over the period specified
market price
last reported price at which a security was sold
mean price determination
method for determining a price that represents the arithmetic mean of some set of prices consolidated across sources
mid price
arithmetic mean between bid and offer prices
offer price
price suggested by a prospective seller at a particular time for a given security
ask price
asking price
offering price
official closing price
price of the final trade of a security at the end of a trading day on a given exchange
A stock's closing price is the standard benchmark used by investors to track its performance over time.
end-of-day price
opening price
price at which something first trades at the start of a trading day
Investors that want to buy or sell as soon as the market opens will put in an order at the opening price. Depending on how the closing price for the prior day is determined, and if there is no after hours trading (AFT), the opening price will be the same as the prior trading day's closing price. Otherwise, the opening price may differ from the prior trading day's official closing price.
price analytic
statistical measure involving security prices
price determination method
strategy for calculating or otherwise establishing a price for something
pricing model
expression used to determine a value for an instrument at a given point in time
rate of return
net gain or loss on an investment over a specified time period, expressed as a percentage of the investment's initial cost or value as of a specific point in time
RoR
security price
monetary price for a financial instrument at some point in time
A security price may be the price that some party is willing to pay, has recently paid, or would like to be paid, depending on the circumstances.
trading day
time span that a particular trading venue is open
RTH
In the United States, and with respect to common stock in particular, trading day means any day on which the stock is traded on the principal market, or, if the principal market is not the principal trading market for the common stock, then on the principal securities exchange or securities market on which the common stock is then traded, provided that 'Trading Day' shall not include any day on which the common stock is scheduled to trade on such exchange or market for less than 4.5 hours or any day that the common stock is suspended from trading during the final hour of trading on such exchange or market (or if such exchange or market does not designate in advance the closing time of trading on such exchange or market, then during the hour ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time) unless such day is otherwise designated as a trading day in writing by the holder.
regular trading hours
By convention it is sufficient to provide a value for hasOpeningDateTime, with hasClosingDateTime being optional.
trading session
window of time within a trading day in which orders may be placed and filled
An exchange may have several trading sessions during a day. For example, the exchange may be open from 9 a.m. until 10:30 a.m., from 11:30 a.m. until 1 p.m., and from 2 p.m. to 3:30 p.m. Holding several trading sessions gives the market more time to digest information rationally without having to respond immediately.
volume-weighted average price
average price at which a given security has traded throughout a trading day, determined by multiplying each trade by its volume, adding the results, then dividing by the volume traded for the day
VWAP
volume-weighted open price
price determined by multiplying each trade by its volume, adding the results, then dividing by the volume over a certain period during the trading day (rather than over the course of the entire day)
VWOP
yield
return on the investor's capital investment
A Yield must be based on a price, and must be in reference to some event or duration of time. It has a calculation method, and may have other qualifying terms such as for compounded yield.
Yield reflects income over some period of time which is then annualized, and typically projected into the future, assuming that conditions and rates remain the same, whereas return on investment is retrospective.
the spread between the yields of two items
has book depth
indicates depth of the order book to which the price refers
An order book is the list of orders (manual or electronic) that a trading venue (in particular stock exchanges) uses to record the interest of buyers and sellers in a particular financial instrument. The book depth refers to the number of price levels available at a particular time in the book. Sometimes the book is represented to a fixed depth, and orders beyond that depth are ignored or rejected, and in other cases the book can contain unlimited levels.
has closing price determination method
indicates a strategy by which the official closing price is determined
This method itself changes quite frequently i.e. the exchange may change the way it computes closing prices.
has lot size
magnitude of an item (i.e., total quantity)
For example, with respect to corn, 5000 bushels is a typical contract size. For some oil commodities trades, 1000 barrels is considered a single contract. For equity options, the lot size is typically 100 shares of the underlying.
The lot size, referenced in offerings, listings, orders, and trades, typically refers to the number of shares or units in a single contract.
has number of days accrued
indicates the number of days for which interest has accrued and has not yet been received
has price determination method
indicates a strategy by which a given price is determined
has pricing source
indicates the origin of a given quote or price for a financial instrument
has quote lot size
magnitude of something to which the quote price refers
has rate of return
indicates the retrospective rate of return for a given financial instrument over some period of time
has round lot size
standard number of securities traded on an exchange
In stocks, a round lot is considered 100 shares or a larger number that can be evenly divided by 100. In bonds, a round lot is usually $100,000 worth. Odd lots and smaller lots have become increasingly common due to technology advances and small investor demand.
normal trading unit
unit of trading
has trading date time
indicates the specific date and time associated with a given price
has trading volume
indicates the number of shares/units traded on a given trading day
cash settlement terms
contractual commitment to settle in cash
Note that the security price represents a price per share or per lot, whereas the settlement amount represents a total.
Note that the valuation determined via the appraisal of the underlying asset may include a quotation that is either an upper limit to the outstanding principal balance of the reference obligation for which the quote should be obtained, or a floating rate payer calculation amount.
commitment to deliver an amount of money at the earliest available date as per settlement convention
delivery method
method and commitment to transfer a commodity, currency, security, cash or another instrument as defined in the settlement terms of the contract
elect at exercise method
commitment to determine the delivery strategy at the time of exercise
non-deliverable method
commitment with respect to synthetic options on foreign exchange forwards that are based on non-convertible or thinly traded currencies
physical delivery method
commitment to settle an obligation through the receipt or delivery of the actual underlying instrument(s) or other asset, such as a commodity, instead of through cash settlement
physical settlement terms
commitment to deliver the actual underlying asset on the specified delivery date, rather than cash
If you sell a gold futures contract of say 100 troy ounces then you have to deliver real gold to the buyer on the mutually agreed date. Most derivatives are not actually exercised, but are traded out before their delivery date. However, physical delivery still occurs with some trades: it is most common with commodities, but can also occur with other financial instruments.
settlement
act of finalizing a transaction, including but not limited to finalizing accounting, exchanging consideration, and/or legally recording documents, as applicable
convention employed to determine the closing date (from the stated settlement date) in the process of settling a transaction on which securities or interests in securities are delivered, usually against (in simultaneous exchange for) payment of some consideration
This is often stated in the form 'T+n' where n is the number of business days from the specified settlement date (T).
settlement event
specific event involving the finalization a transaction or portion thereof, including but not limited to finalizing accounting, exchanging consideration, and/or legally recording documents, as applicable
has settlement method
specifies the strategy for settlement from a delivery perspective
indicates the preferred currency for settlement purposes
This property should only be used in cases where the settlement currency is distinct from the currency in which the instrument is denominated.
has settlement amount
indicates the monetary amount required for cash settlement
indicates whether the security can contain fractional share/amounts
is fully automated securities transfer applicable
indicates whether the security is to be held at the transfer agent as part of the FAST (Fully Automated Securities Transfer) program
The Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program (FAST) is a contract between DTC (and its subsidiaries) and transfer agents whereby FAST agents act as custodians for DTC.
code used to denote a metropolitan area where business is conducted
The codes for business centers and municipalities defined herein are largely those identified either as FpML business centers or are locations where there is an exchange, as noted in the ISO 10962 MIC code standard.
coding scheme used to define a set of codes for municipalities or business centers
code used to denote a convention for specifying what happens when a date falls on a day that is weekend or holiday in some municipality or business center
the FpML business center code for Abu Dhabi, Business Day (as defined in 2021 ISDA Definitions Section 2.1.9 (ii))
the FpML business center code for Abu Dhabi, Settlement Day (as defined in 2021 ISDA Definitions Section 2.1.9 (i))
the FpML business center code for Dubai, United Arab Emirates
the FpML business center code for Yerevan, Armenia
the FpML business center code for Luanda, Angola
the FpML business center code for Buenos Aires, Argentina
the FpML business center code for Vienna, Austria
the FpML business center code for Adelaide, Australia
the FpML business center code for Brisbane, Australia
the FpML business center code for Canberra, Australia
the FpML business center code for Darwin, Australia
the FpML business center code for Melbourne, Australia
the FpML business center code for Perth, Australia
the FpML business center code for Sydney, Australia
the FpML business center code for Baku, Azerbaijan
the international business center of Abha
the international business center of Abidjan
the business day adjustment convention for Abu Dhabi
the settlement day adjustment convention for Abu Dhabi
the international business center of Abuja
the international business center of Accra
the international business center of Addis Ababa
the international business center of Adelaide
the international business center of Aden
the international business center of Ahmedabad
the international business center of Algiers
the international business center of Almaty
the international business center of Amman
the international business center of Amsterdam
the international business center of Ankara
the international business center of Athens
the international business center of Auckland
the FpML business center code for Bridgetown, Barbados
the FpML business center code for Dhaka, Bangladesh
the FpML business center code for Brussels, Belgium
the FpML business center code for Sofia, Bulgaria
the FpML business center code for Manama, Bahrain
the FpML business center code for Hamilton, Bermuda
the FpML business center code for Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
the FpML business center code for La Paz, Bolivia
the FpML business center code for Brazil Business Day
the FpML business center code for Brasilia, Brazil
the FpML business center code for Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
the FpML business center code for Sao Paulo, Brazil
the FpML business center code for Nassau, Bahamas
the FpML business center code for Gaborone, Botswana
the FpML business center code for Minsk, Belarus
the international business center of Baghdad
the international business center of Baku
the international business center of Bandar Seri Begawan
the international business center of Bangalore
the international business center of Bangkok
the international business center of Banjul
the international business center of Barcelona
the international business center of Basel
the international business center of Beijing
the international business center of Beirut
the international business center of Belgrade
the international business center of Bogota
the international business center of Boston
the international business center of Brasilia
the international business center of Bratislava
the business day adjustment convention for the Brazil Business Day. This means a business day in any of Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro or Brasilia not otherwise declared as a financial market holiday by the Bolsa de Mercadorias & Futuros (BM&F)
the international business center of Bridgetown
the international business center of Brisbane
the international business center of Brussels
the international business center of Bucharest
the international business center of Budapest
the international business center of Buenos Aires
the FpML business center code for Calgary, Canada
the FpML business center code for Fredericton, Canada
the FpML business center code for Montreal, Canada
the FpML business center code for Ottawa, Canada
the FpML business center code for Toronto, Canada
the FpML business center code for Vancouver, Canada
the FpML business center code for Winnipeg, Canada
the FpML business center code for Basel, Switzerland
the FpML business center code for Geneva, Switzerland
the FpML business center code for Zurich, Switzerland
the FpML business center code for Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
the FpML business center code for Santiago, Chile
the FpML business center code for Yaounde, Cameroon
the FpML business center code for Beijing, China
the FpML business center code for Shanghai, China
the FpML business center code for Bogota, Colombia
the FpML business center code for San Jose, Costa Rica
the FpML business center code for Willemstad, Curacao
the FpML business center code for Nicosia, Cyprus
the FpML business center code for Prague, Czech Republic
the international business center of Cairo
the international business center of Calgary
the international business center of Canberra
the international business center of Caracas
the international business center of Casablanca
the international business center of Charlotte
the international business center of Chennai
the international business center of Chicago
the international business center of Cologne
the international business center of Colombo
the international business center of Conakry
the international business center of Copenhagen
the FpML business center code for Cologne, Germany
the FpML business center code for Dusseldorf, Germany
the FpML business center code for Frankfurt, Germany
the FpML business center code for Hannover, Germany
the FpML business center code for Hamburg, Germany
the FpML business center code for Leipzig, Germany
the FpML business center code for Mainz, Germany
the FpML business center code for Munich, Germany
the FpML business center code for Stuttgart, Germany
the FpML business center code for Copenhagen, Denmark
the FpML business center code for Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
the FpML business center code for Algiers, Algeria
the international business center of Dakar
the international business center of Dar es Salaam
the international business center of Darwin
the international business center of Denver
the international business center of Detroit
the international business center of Dhaka
the international business center of Dodoma
the international business center of Doha
the international business center of Dubai
the international business center of Dublin
the international business center of Dusseldorf
the FpML business center code for Guayaquil, Ecuador
the FpML business center code for Tallinn, Estonia
the FpML business center code for Cairo, Egypt
the FpML business center code for ESAS Settlement Day (as defined in 2006 ISDA Definitions Section 7.1 and Supplement Number 15 to the 2000 ISDA Definitions)
the business day adjustment convention for the ESAS Settlement Day (as defined in 2006 ISDA Definitions Section 7.1 and Supplement Number 15 to the 2000 ISDA Definitions)
ESAS is the Reserve Bank of New Zealand's Exchange Settlement Account System which is used by banks and other approved financial institutions to settle their obligations on a Real-Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) basis.
the FpML business center code for Barcelona, Spain
the FpML business center code for Madrid, Spain
the FpML business center code for San Sebastian, Spain
the FpML business center code for Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
the FpML business center code for TARGET Settlement Day
the international business center of Edinburgh
the FpML business center code for Helsinki, Finland
the FpML business center code for Paris, France
the coding scheme used to define a set of codes for municipalities, or business centers, or business day adjustments for FpML
the international business center of Frankfurt
the international business center of Fredericton
the international business center of Freetown
the FpML business center code for Edinburgh, Scotland
the FpML business center code for London, United Kingdom
the FpML business center code for Tbilisi, Georgia
the FpML business center code for Saint Peter Port, Guernsey
the FpML business center code for Accra, Ghana
the FpML business center code for Banjul, Gambia
the FpML business center code for Conakry, Guinea
the FpML business center code for Athens, Greece
the FpML business center code for Guatemala City, Guatemala
the international business center of Gaborone
the international business center of Geneva
the international business center of George Town
the international business center of Guatemala City
the international business center of Guayaquil
the FpML business center code for Hong Kong, Hong Kong
the FpML business center code for Tegucigalpa, Honduras
the FpML business center code for Zagreb, Republic of Croatia
the FpML business center code for Budapest, Hungary
the international business center of Hamburg
the international business center of Hamilton
the international business center of Hannover
the international business center of Hanoi
the international business center of Harare
the international business center of Helsinki
the international business center of Ho Chi Minh (formerly Saigon)
the international business center of Hong Kong
the international business center of Honolulu
the international business center of Houston
the international business center of Hyderabad
the FpML business center code for Jakarta, Indonesia
the FpML business center code for Dublin, Ireland
the FpML business center code for Jerusalem, Israel
the FpML business center code for Tel Aviv, Israel
the FpML business center code for Ahmedabad, India
the FpML business center code for Bangalore, India
the FpML business center code for Chennai, India
the FpML business center code for Hyderabad, India
the FpML business center code for Kolkata, India
the FpML business center code for Mumbai, India
the FpML business center code for New Delhi, India
the FpML business center code for Baghdad, Iraq
the FpML business center code for Teheran, Iran
the FpML business center code for Reykjavik, Iceland
the FpML business center code for Milan, Italy
the FpML business center code for Rome, Italy
the FpML business center code for Turin, Italy
the international business center of Istanbul
the FpML business center code for St. Helier, Channel Islands, Jersey
the FpML business center code for Kingston, Jamaica
the FpML business center code for Amman, Jordan
the FpML business center code for Tokyo, Japan
the international business center of Jakarta
the international business center of Jeddah
the international business center of Jerusalem
the international business center of Johannesburg
the FpML business center code for Nairobi, Kenya
the FpML business center code for Phnom Penh, Cambodia
the FpML business center code for Seoul, Republic of Korea
the FpML business center code for Kuwait City, Kuwait
the FpML business center code for George Town, Cayman Islands
the FpML business center code for Almaty, Kazakhstan
the international business center of Kampala
the international business center of Karachi
the international business center of Kathmandu
the international business center of Kiev
the international business center of Kingston
the international business center of Kolkata
the international business center of Kuala Lumpur
the international business center of Kuwait City
the FpML business center code for Vientiane, Laos
the FpML business center code for Beirut, Lebanon
the FpML business center code for Colombo, Sri Lanka
the FpML business center code for Luxembourg, Luxembourg
the FpML business center code for Riga, Latvia
the international business center of La Paz
the international business center of Labuan
the international business center of Lagos
the international business center of Leipzig
the international business center of Lilongwe
the international business center of Lima
the international business center of Lisbon
the international business center of Ljubljana
the international business center of London
the international business center of Los Angeles
the international business center of Luanda
the international business center of Lusaka
the international business center of Luxembourg
the FpML business center code for Casablanca, Morocco
the FpML business center code for Rabat, Morocco
the FpML business center code for Monaco, Monaco
the FpML business center code for Ulan Bator, Mongolia
the FpML business center code for Macau, Macao
the FpML business center code for Valletta, Malta
the FpML business center code for Port Louis, Mauritius
the FpML business center code for Male, Maldives
the FpML business center code for Lilongwe, Malawi
the FpML business center code for Mexico City, Mexico
the FpML business center code for Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
the FpML business center code for Labuan, Malaysia
the FpML business center code for Maputo, Mozambique
the international business center of Macau
the international business center of Madrid
the international business center of Mainz
the international business center of Makati
the international business center of Male
the international business center of Manama
the international business center of Manila
the international business center of Maputo
the international business center of Melbourne
the international business center of Mexico City
the international business center of Milan
the international business center of Minneapolis
the international business center of Minsk
the international business center of Mobile
the international business center of Monaco
the international business center of Montevideo
the international business center of Montreal
the international business center of Moscow
the international business center of Mumbai
the international business center of Munich
the international business center of Muscat
the FpML business center code for Windhoek, Namibia
the FpML business center code for Abuja, Nigeria
the FpML business center code for Lagos, Nigeria
the FpML business center code for Amsterdam, Netherlands
the FpML business center code for Rotterdam, Netherlands
the FpML business center code for Oslo, Norway
the FpML business center code for Kathmandu, Nepal
the FpML business center code for New York Fed Business Day (as defined in 2006 ISDA Definitions Section 1.9 and 2000 ISDA Definitions Section 1.9)
the FpML business center code for New York Stock Exchange Business Day (as defined in 2006 ISDA Definitions Section 1.10 and 2000 ISDA Definitions Section 1.10)
the FpML business center code for Auckland, New Zealand
the FpML business center code for Wellington, New Zealand
the international business center of Nairobi
the international business center of Nassau
the business day adjustment convention for the New York Fed
the business day adjustment convention for the New York Stock Exchange
the international business center of New Delhi
the international business center of New York
the international business center of Nicosia
the FpML business center code for Muscat, Oman
the international business center of Oslo
the international business center of Ottawa
the FpML business center code for Panama City, Panama
the FpML business center code for Lima, Peru
the FpML business center code for Manila, Philippines
the FpML business center code for Makati, Philippines
the FpML business center code for Karachi, Pakistan
the FpML business center code for Warsaw, Poland
the FpML business center code for San Juan, Puerto Rico
the FpML business center code for Lisbon, Portugal
the international business center of Panama City
the international business center of Paris
the international business center of Perth
the international business center of Phnom Penh
the international business center of Port Louis
the international business center of Port of Spain
the international business center of Portland
the international business center of Prague
the FpML business center code for Doha, Qatar
the FpML business center code for Bucharest, Romania
the FpML business center code for Belgrade, Serbia
the FpML business center code for Moscow, Russian Federation
the international business center of Rabat
the international business center of Reykjavik
the international business center of Riga
the international business center of Rio de Janeiro
the international business center of Riyadh
the international business center of Road Town
the international business center of Rome
the international business center of Rotterdam
the FpML business center code for Abha, Saudi Arabia
the FpML business center code for Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
the FpML business center code for Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
the FpML business center code for Stockholm, Sweden
the FpML business center code for Singapore, Singapore
the FpML business center code for Ljubljana, Slovenia
the FpML business center code for Bratislava, Slovakia
the FpML business center code for Freetown, Sierra Leone
the FpML business center code for Dakar, Senegal
the FpML business center code for San Salvador, El Salvador
the international business center of Sacramento
the international business center of Saint Peter Port
the international business center of San Francisco
the international business center of San Jose
the international business center of San Juan
the international business center of San Salvador
the international business center of San Sebastian
the international business center of Santiago
the international business center of Santo Domingo
the international business center of Sao Paulo
the international business center of Seattle
the international business center of Seoul
the international business center of Shanghai
the international business center of Singapore
the international business center of Sofia
the international business center of St. Helier
the international business center of Stockholm
the international business center of Stuttgart
the international business center of Sydney
the business day adjustment convention for the TARGET (euro 'Business Center')
TARGET, which stands for the Trans-European Automated Real-time Gross settlement adjustment Express Transfer system, is the real-time gross settlement (RTGS) system for the euro. TARGET operating days are the settlement days for the financial markets in euro, as well as foreign exchange transactions involving the euro.
the FpML business center code for Bangkok, Thailand
the FpML business center code for Tunis, Tunisia
the FpML business center code for Ankara, Turkey
the FpML business center code for Istanbul, Turkey
the FpML business center code for Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
the FpML business center code for Taipei, Taiwan
the FpML business center code for Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
the FpML business center code for Dodoma, Tanzania
the international business center of Taipei
the international business center of Tallinn
the international business center of Tashkent
the international business center of Tbilisi
the international business center of Tegucigalpa
the international business center of Teheran
the international business center of Tel Aviv
the international business center of Tokyo
the international business center of Toronto
the international business center of Tunis
the international business center of Turin
the FpML business center code for Kiev, Ukraine
the FpML business center code for Kampala, Uganda
the FpML business center code for Boston, Massachusetts, United States
the FpML business center code for Chicago, United States
the FpML business center code for Charlotte, North Carolina, United States
the FpML business center code for Washington, District of Columbia, United States
the FpML business center code for Denver, United States
the FpML business center code for Detroit, Michigan, United States
the FpML business center code for U.S. Government Securities Business Day (as defined in 2006 ISDA Definitions Section 1.11 and 2000 ISDA Definitions Section 1.11)
the business day adjustment convention for U.S. Government Securities
the FpML business center code for Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
the FpML business center code for Houston, United States
the FpML business center code for Los Angeles, United States
the FpML business center code for Mobile, Alabama, United States
the FpML business center code for Minneapolis, United States
the FpML business center code for New York, United States
the FpML business center code for Portland, Oregon, United States
the FpML business center code for Sacramento, California, United States
the FpML business center code for Seattle, United States
the FpML business center code for San Francisco, United States
the FpML business center code for Wichita, United States
the FpML business center code for Montevideo, Uruguay
the FpML business center code for Tashkent, Uzbekistan
the international business center of Ulan Bator
the FpML business center code for Caracas, Venezuela
the FpML business center code for Road Town, Virgin Islands (British)
the FpML business center code for Hanoi, Vietnam
the FpML business center code for Ho Chi Minh (formerly Saigon), Vietnam
the international business center of Valletta
the international business center of Vancouver
the international business center of Vienna
the international business center of Vientiane
the international business center of Warsaw
the international business center of Washington
the international business center of Wellington
the international business center of Wichita
the international business center of Willemstad
the international business center of Windhoek
the international business center of Winnipeg
the FpML business center code for Aden, Yemen
the international business center of Yaounde
the international business center of Yerevan
the FpML business center code for Johannesburg, South Africa
the FpML business center code for Lusaka, Zambia
the FpML business center code for Harare, Zimbabwe
the international business center of Zagreb
the international business center of Zurich
status indicating that as of the last report or update, the entity was legally registered and operating
status indicating that the registration was determined to be erroneous or invalid after issuance
identifier that uniquely identifies a business register, such as a register identified by the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (GLEIF) registration authorities list
registration authority that is responsible for maintaining a registry of business entities
A business registry may include any government-managed registry for registering a business, such as a state department of corporations in the US, as well as other registries such as a local operating unit (LOU) for registration of legal entity identifiers (LEIs). Any sanctioned registration authority as defined by the Registration Authorities List, published by GLEIF, is a business registration authority in this sense.
registry for registering and maintaining information about business entities
status indicating that the registration was abandoned prior to issuance
status indicating that the registration was determined to be a duplicate registration of the same entity as another registration; duplicate status is assigned to the non-surviving registration (i.e. the identifier that should no longer be used)
code for the reason that a legal entity ceased to exist and/or operate
entity expiration reason - corporate action
expiration reason indicating that an entity was acquired or merged with another entity
expiration reason indicating that an entity ceased to operate
expiration reason indicating something that is neither due to disolution nor corporate action
registry for registering and maintaining information about the legal forms that are valid for business entities for a particular jurisdiction following the ISO 20275 standard
entry in an entity legal form registry that conforms to ISO 20275
lifecycle stage indicating the operational and/or legal status of an entity
In some jurisdictions, there may be other possible values for entity status, such as suspended in the State of California, thus the individuals provided herein are not intended to be exhaustive.
code for the level of validation performed by the GLEIF or LOU with respect to the reference data provided by the registrant
entity validation level - entity-supplied only
Based on the validation procedures in use by the LOU responsible for the record, the information associated with this record has significant reliance on the information that a submitter provided due to the unavailability of corroborating information.
entity validation level - fully corroborated
Based on the validation procedures in use by the LOU responsible for the record, there is sufficient information contained in authoritative public sources to corroborate the information that the submitter has provided for the record.
entity validation level - partially corroborated
Based on the validation procedures in use by the LOU responsible for the record, the information supplied by the registrant can be partially corroborated by public authoritative sources, while some of the record is dependent upon the information that the registrant submitted, either due to conflicts with authoritative information, or due to data unavailability.
status indicating that the entity is no longer legally registered and/or operating, whether as a result of business closure, acquisition by or merger with another (or new) entity, or determination of illegitimacy
status indicating that the registration has been validated and issued, and which identifies an entity that was operating legally as of the last update
status indicating that the registration that has not been renewed by the specified renewal date and is not known by public sources to have ceased operation as of the last update
registry for registering and maintaining information about business entities for a particular jurisdiction
entry in a legal entity identifier registry that conforms to ISO 17442 and the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (GLEIF) Common Data Format (CDF)
registrar that is authorized by the Global LEI Foundation to issue legal entity identifiers
LOUs supply registration, renewal and other services, and act as the primary interface for legal entities wishing to obtain an LEI.
status indicating that the registration is for an entity that has been merged into another legal entity, such that this legal entity no longer exists as an independently operating entity
North American Industry Classification System code
the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code representing an industry
North American Industry Classification System scheme
the scheme defining the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Codes
The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is the standard used by Federal statistical agencies in classifying business establishments for the purpose of collecting, analyzing, and publishing statistical data related to the U.S. business economy. NAICS was developed under the auspices of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), and adopted in 1997 to replace the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. It was developed jointly by the U.S. Economic Classification Policy Committee (ECPC), Statistics Canada and Mexico's Instituto Nacional Estadistica y Geografia, to allow for a high level of comparability in business statistics among the North American countries.
status indicating that the registration is about to be transferred to a different registration authority, after which its registration status will revert to a non-pending status
status indicating that the registration has requested transfer to a different registration authority, and for which transfer is in progress
status indicating that an application for registration has been submitted and is in process, pending validation
identifier that uniquely identifies a business registry, and is associated with a registration authority and jurisdiction, issued by the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (GLEIF)
lifecycle stage indicating the status of a given registration of something, such as a business or legal entity, as specified by the registration authority
There may be other possible values for registration status, depending on the registry, thus the individuals provided herein are not intended to be exhaustive.
status indicating that the registration is for an entity that has ceased operation, without having been merged into another entity
standard industrial classification scheme
the scheme defining the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Code List
Standard Industrial Classifications are four-digit codes that categorize companies by the type of business activities they engage in. These codes were created by the U.S. government in 1937 to facilitate analysis of economic activity across government agencies and within industries. They were mostly replaced in 1997 by a new system of six-digit codes called the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). The new codes were adopted in part to standardize industry data collection and analysis in between Canada, the United States and Mexico which had entered into the North American Free Trade Agreement. Note that certain organizations, such as the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) still use SIC codes for some purposes.
status indicating that the registration that has been transferred to a different registration authority
denotes a registered legal name for the entity in an alternative language used in the legal jurisdiction in which the entity is registered
has automatically transliterated legal name
denotes an auto-generated ASCII-transliterated representation of the legal name for the entity
indicates the date on which an entity ceases(d) to exist
indicates the reason that an entity ceased to exist (i.e., disolved, merged with another entity, etc.)
indicates the status of the entity (i.e., active, inactive)
indicates the date on which something ceases(d) to exist
indicates the date on which an identifier or other registered item was created and/or first registered
denotes a preferred ASCII-transliterated representation of the legal name for the entity
denotes a primary legal name that was used previously for the entity
indicates the date that the status of a specific registration in the registry was revised
indicates the status of a specific registration, such as for an identifier or license
denotes a name for the registry, for example, for a business registry in which a business registration identifier for the legal entity is registered
indicates the date by which a specific registration in the registry must be renewed or updated
This property is equivalent to the date of expiry in some registries, such as the BIC registry.
denotes a 'trading as', 'brand name', 'doing business as', or 'operating under' name currently used by the entity in addition to, but not replacing, the (primary) legal, official registered name
denotes an optional ASCII-transliterated (i.e. Latin- or Romanized) representation of the legal name for the entity
identifies the business registration authority for the legal entity, used by the Local Operating Unit (LOU) as the basis for validation, as defined in the GLEIF Registration Authorities List
indicates the date that a specific registration in the registry was most recently reviewed and validated
indicates the level of validation performed by the registrar with respect to the legal entity
indicates whether the information about the entity is maintained internally or by a third-party
an undertaking whose business is to receive deposits or other repayable funds from the public and to grant credits for its own account as defined by the European Banking Authority (EBA)
an undertaking the business of which is to take deposits or other repayable funds from the public and to grant credits for its own account, and to which authorisation has been granted to operate within the European Union and European Economic Area countries (EEA)
classification specific to European financial institutions that designates them as credit institutions / investment firms as defined by the European Banking Authority (EBA)
a branch of a credit institution authorised in another European Economic Area (EEA) country that has the right to passport its activities
any legal person whose regular occupation or business is the provision of one or more investment services to third parties and/or the performance of one or more investment activities on a professional basis
a firm dealing for its own account on markets in financial futures or options or other derivatives and on cash markets for the sole purpose of hedging positions on derivatives markets, or dealing for the accounts of other members of those markets and being guaranteed by clearing members of the same markets, where responsibility for ensuring the performance of contracts entered into by such a firm is assumed by clearing members of the same markets
a branch of a credit institution whose Head Office is in a third country
a legal person that has been granted authorisation in accordance with Article 10 to provide and execute payment services throughout the European community
registry of credit institutions to which authorisation has been granted to operate within the European Union and European Economic Area countries (EEA), a repository of financial data and institution characteristics for covered institutions collected by the the European Banking Authority (EBA)
entry in the Credit Institution Register, a repository of credit institutions collected by the European Banking Authority (EBA) as provided by the various national banking authorities for those institutions that qualify
European Banking Authority legal entity, whose main task is to contribute, through the adoption of binding Technical Standards (BTS) and Guidelines, to the creation of the European Single Rulebook in banking
The Authority also plays an important role in promoting convergence of supervisory practices to ensure a harmonised application of prudential rules. Finally, the EBA is mandated to assess risks and vulnerabilities in the EU banking sector through, in particular, regular risk assessment reports and pan-European stress tests. To perform these tasks, the EBA can produce a number of regulatory and non regulatory documents including binding Technical Standards, Guidelines, Recommendations, Opinions and ad-hoc or regular reports.
European Banking Authority (EBA) Regulator
European Banking Authority (EBA) regulator and registration authority
European banking regulatory agency and central bank
regulatory agency, registration authority and central banking role of the European Central Bank
European Central Bank, whose main aim is to maintain price stability, i.e. to safeguard the value of the euro
The European Central Bank is responsible for the prudential supervision of credit institutions located in the euro area and participating non-euro area Member States, within the Single Supervisory Mechanism, which also comprises the national competent authorities. It thereby contributes to the safety and soundness of the banking system and the stability of the financial system within the EU and each participating Member State.
European Central Bank headquarters and legal address
headquarters and legal address for the European Central Bank
Sonnemannstrasse 20
European Central Bank legal entity identifier registry entry
Financial Conduct Authority, enabling a fair and thriving financial services market for the good of consumers and the economy in the UK
Financial Conduct Authority legal entity, enabling a fair and thriving financial services market for the good of consumers and the economy in the UK
Financial Conduct Authority headquarters and legal address
headquarters and legal address for the Financial Conduct Authority
Prudential Regulatory Authority, which is an agency of the Bank of England, responsible for the prudential regulation and supervision of banks, building societies, credit unions, insurers and major investment firms
Prudential Regulatory Authority entity, which is an agency of the Bank of England, responsible for the prudential regulation and supervision of banks, building societies, credit unions, insurers and major investment firms
Prudential Regulatory Authority headquarters and legal address
headquarters and legal address for the Prudential Regulatory Authority
ABN AMRO Bank functional entity, which it the third largest Dutch bank
ABN AMRO Bank N.V. legal entity that is a public limited company in the Netherlands
naamloze vennootschap, B5PM
headquarters address for ABN AMRO Bank N.V.
Gustav Mahlerlaan 10
ABN AMRO Bank N.V. legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for ABN AMRO Bank N.V.
Bank of America Europe functional entity, a licenced credit institution and Bank of America Corporation's primary European banking entity
BofA Europe is a wholly owned subsidiary of Bank of America, N.A.
the Bank of America Europe legal entity that is a Designated Activity Company in Ireland
Designated Activity Company (en), Cuideachta Ghníomhaíochta Ainmnithe (ga)
Bank of America Europe Designated Activity Company
Bank of America Europe headquarters address
headquarters address for Bank of America Europe
legal address for Bank of America Europe
Bank of America Europe legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for Bank of America Europe
Barclays Bank functional entity, a diversified, multinational universal bank, and its functions span retail banking, corporate banking, investment banking, wealth management, and U.S. consumer finance
Barclays Bank Plc legal entity that is a Public Limited Company in the United Kingdom
Public Limited Company (en), Cwmni Cyfyngedig Cyhoeddus (cy), B6ES
headquarters address for Barclays Bank Plc
Barclays Bank Plc legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for Barclays Bank Plc
wholly-owned subsidiary of DTCC that owns and operates the Global Market Entity Identifier Utility (GMEI) legal entity identifier (LEI) solution in the federated Global LEI system (GLEIS)
Business Entity Data (BED) B.V. legal entity that is a privately held company in the Netherlands
Besloten Vennootschap
Business Entity Data (BED) B.V. headquarters address
headquarters address for Business Entity Data (BED) B.V.
Bernhardplein 200
Business Entity Data (BED) B.V. legal address
legal address for Business Entity Data (BED) B.V.
Business Entity Data (BED) B.V. legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for Business Entity Data (BED) B.V.
Clearstream functional entity, which is an international central securities depository (ICSD) based in Luxembourg, providing post-trade infrastructure and securities services for the international market and 56 domestic markets worldwide
Clearstream Banking S.A. headquarters address
headquarters address for Clearstream Banking S.A.
legal address for Clearstream Banking S.A.
Clearstream Banking S.A. legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for Clearstream Banking S.A.
Euroclear legal entity that provides post-trade infrastructure and securities services in Europe and internationally
The company offers asset services, cash and banking services, connectivity, global securities financing, investment fund services, issuance, IT solutions, settlement, and market coverage services. It also provides post-trade infrastructure services for the German securities industry; and manages, safe keeps, and administers the securities that it holds on behalf of its customers. Clearstream Banking S.A was formerly known as Cedel Bank S.A. and changed its name to Clearstream Banking S.A. in March 2002. The company was founded in 1970 and is based in Luxembourg.
Commerzbank functional entity, a multinational bank based in Germany, supporting retail and commercial customers, focused on digitalised banking with personal advice, consistent customer focus, and sustainability
Commerzbank Aktiengesellschaft legal entity that is a stock corporation in Germany
Aktiengesellschaft, 6QQB
Kaiserstraße 16
Commerzbank AG legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for Commerzbank AG
Euroclear functional entity, which is a global clearing house, central securities depository, and custodian that specializes in the settlement of securities transactions as well as the safekeeping and asset servicing of these securities
headquarters address for Euroclear SA/NV
Boulevard du Roi Albert II 1
Euroclear SA/NV legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for Euroclear SA/NV
Euroclear legal entity that is the parent company of the international and national central securities depositories ((I)CSDs) of the Euroclear group of companies; it owns the group's shared securities processing platforms and delivers a range of services to the group's depositories
international non-profit association founded in 1960 that is the voice of the European banking sector, uniting 32 national banking associations in Europe that together represent some 4,500 banks - large and small, wholesale and retail, local and international - employing about 2.1 million people
international non-profit association under Belgian law founded in 1999 with the launch of the Euro and based in Brussels (56, Ave des Arts, 1000 Brussels)
Its members are national banking associations in the Member States of the European Union which are involved in the Eurozone.
Herausgebergemeinschaft Wertpapier-Mitteilungen Keppler, Lehmann
subdivision of Herausgebergemeinschaft Wertpapier-Mitteilungen Keppler, Lehmann that operates the WM Datenservice, Europe's largest registry for the Legal Entity Identifier (LEI)
Herausgebergemeinschaft Wertpapier-Mitteilungen Keppler, Lehmann GmbH & Co. KG
Herausgebergemeinschaft Wertpapier-Mitteilungen Keppler, Lehmann GmbH & Co. KG legal entity that is a privately held company in Germany
Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung & Compagnie Kommanditgesellschaft
ING Bank functional entity, a global, multinational banking and financial services corporation based in the Netherlands
ING Bank N.V. legal entity that is a public limited company in the Netherlands
BIJLMERDREEF 106
ING Bank N.V. legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for ING Bank N.V.
JP Morgan Securities functional entity, a global, multinational financial services corporation and subsidiary of JP Morgan Chase & Co. that provides commercial banking, global corporate banking, investment banking and other services to its clients
JP Morgan Securities legal entity that is a public limited company in the United Kingdom
JP Morgan Securities Plc headquarters address
headquarters address for JP Morgan Securities Plc
legal address for JP Morgan Securities Plc
JP Morgan Securities legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for JP Morgan Securities
London Stock Exchange functional entity, which is a global business and financial information services and news provider, a securities exchange, and the SEDOL code issuer and registration authority
London Stock Exchange as local operating unit
London Stock Exchange functional entity that is an LEI Local Operating Unit (LOU) registrar
London Stock Exchange plc. headquarters address
headquarters address for London Stock Exchange plc.
London Stock Exchange plc. legal address
legal address for London Stock Exchange plc.
London Stock Exchange plc. legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for London Stock Exchange plc.
UnaVista registry service provided by the London Stock Exchange supporting LEI registration
Lux CSD functional entity, which provides Luxembourg's financial community with issuing and central bank settlement as well as custody services for a wide range of securities including investment funds
Lux CSD functional entity that is an LEI Local Operating Unit (LOU) registrar
LuxCDS LEI registry; LuxCSD has been issuing ISO 17442:2012 compliant LEIs with the prefix 2221 since September 2014
LuxCSD S.A. legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for LuxCSD S.A.
The European Central Bank (ECB) approved LuxCSD for its Securities Settlement System (SSS).
Morgan Stanley & Co. International functional entity, an international financial services corporation and subsidiary of Morgan Stanley that provides investment banking, brokerage and other services to its clients
Morgan Stanley & Co. International Plc legal entity that is a public limited company in the United Kingdom
Morgan Stanley & Co. International Plc headquarters address
headquarters address for Morgan Stanley & Co. International Plc
Morgan Stanley & Co. International Plc legal address
legal address for Morgan Stanley & Co. International Plc
Morgan Stanley & Co. International Plc legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for Morgan Stanley & Co. International Plc
corporation that is a subsidiary of Nasdaq, Inc. that manages Nasdaq exchanges in Helsinki, Copenhagen, Stockholm, Iceland, Riga, Tallinn and Vilnius
NatWest Markets functional entity that is the investment banking arm of the Royal Bank of Scotland, offering financing, risk management and trading solutions to UK and Western Europe customers and financial institutions
NatWest Markets Plc legal entity that is a public limited company in the United Kingdom
NatWest Markets Plc headquarters address
headquarters address for NatWest Markets Plc
NatWest Markets Plc legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for NatWest Markets Plc
SIX Financial Information functional entity, which provides market data gathered from the world's major trading venues directly and in real-time, and is the Valoren issuer and registration authority as well as the national numbering agency (NNA) for Switzerland, Belgium, and Liechtenstein, and the former TELEKURS ID financial instrument identifier issuer and registration authority
SIX Financial Information AG legal entity
The company name SIX is an abbreviation and stands for Swiss Infrastructure and Exchange.
SIX Financial Information AG legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for SIX Financial Information AG
SIX Financial Information functional entity that is an LEI Local Operating Unit (LOU) registrar
SIX Group functional entity, which offers exchange services, financial information and banking services with the aim of increasing efficiency, quality and innovative capacity along the entire Swiss banking value chain
SIX Group AG legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for SIX Group AG
Société Générale
Société Générale functional entity, a French multinational universal bank and financial services company
Société Générale entité
Société Générale legal entity that is a public limited company with a board of directors
SA à conseil d'administration (s.a.i.) (fr), K65D
headquarters address for Société Générale
29 Boulevard Haussmann
Société Générale legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for Société Générale
Standard Chartered Bank functional entity, a global bank connecting corporate, institutional and affluent clients to sustainable growth opportunities across Asia, Africa and the Middle East
Standard Chartered Bank legal entity that is an unregistered company in the United Kingdom
Standard Chartered Bank headquarters address
headquarters address for Standard Chartered Bank
legal address for Standard Chartered Bank
Standard Chartered Bank legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for Standard Chartered Bank
association that represents banks and financial institutions established in Sweden that contributes to a sound and efficient regulatory framework that facilitates for banks to help create economic wealth for customers and society
Herausgebergemeinschaft Wertpapier-Mitteilungen Keppler, Lehmann (WM Gruppe) headquarters address
headquarters and legal address for Herausgebergemeinschaft Wertpapier-Mitteilungen Keppler, Lehmann (WM Gruppe)
Herausgebergemeinschaft Wertpapier-Mitteilungen Keppler, Lehmann GmbH & Co. KG legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for Herausgebergemeinschaft Wertpapier-Mitteilungen Keppler, Lehmann GmbH & Co. KG
depository institution, usually a corporation, that accepts deposits, makes loans, pays checks, and performs related services, for individual members of the public, businesses or other organizations
any company that owns and/or has direct or indirect control of one or more banks; BHCs may also own nonbanking subsidiaries such as broker-dealers and asset managers
Office of Financial Research (OFR) Annual Report, 2012, Glossary
A bank holding company may also own another bank holding company, which in turn owns or controls a bank; the company at the top of the ownership chain is called the top holder.
product provided to consumers and businesses by a depository institution
Examples include checking account, savings account, certificate of deposit, debit or pre-paid card, or credit card.
financial service offered by a depository institution
Examples include cash management service, foreign exchange service, lending or credit service, investment service, insurance service, merchant service, payroll service, and the like.
firm in the business of buying and selling securities, operating as both a broker and a dealer, depending on the transaction
The term broker-dealer is used in U.S. securities regulation parlance to describe stock brokerages, because most of them act as both agents and principals. A brokerage acts as a broker (or agent) when it executes orders on behalf of clients, whereas it acts as a dealer (or principal) when it trades for its own account.
international identifier for financial and non-financial institutions used to facilitate automated processing of information for financial services
ISO 9362:2014 Banking -- Banking telecommunication messages -- Business identifier code (BIC)
The BIC is used for addressing messages, routing business transactions and identifying business parties. Note that the use of OrganizationSubUnitIdentifier in FIBO corresponds to the Branch Code in the SWIFT scheme.
scheme that specifies the elements of a unique business identifier code (BIC) scheme to identify financial and non-financial institutions used to facilitate automated processing of information for financial services
four-character (4 alphanumeric) code associated with an organization for the purposes of banking telecommunications
For new BIC registration by an organization already identified with a BIC or an affiliated organization [after the transition period ending November 2018], SWIFT will still reserve the usage of an existing party prefix to these organizations. This legacy rule will be reserved to existing BIC owners. If they wish to preserve this value, no other organization will be allowed to use the same code
For new BIC registration from an organization not yet identified by a BIC, the party prefix will be allocated at the discretion of the RA. The code will not have a mnemonic or acronym value anymore.
two-character (2 alphanumeric) code associated with the organization for the purposes of banking telecommunications
In the prior version of the standard, position 7 of the BIC determined the location of the BIC in a particular country. In a country spanning over multiple time zones, each character may have been used to define a different time zone. If an organization moved location to a different time zone within the same country, the existing BIC would normally have been deleted and replaced by a new BIC with the appropriate location code.
With the revision of the standard [and transition period ending November 2018], the location code has been re-defined as a 'party suffix' without any specific meaning. A new reference data attribute has been introduced in the SWIFTRef directories to indicate where the institution is located and to which time zone it refers.
financial institution that is the monetary authority and major regulatory bank for a country (or group of countries)
Its functions include issuing and managing the country's currency, controlling monetary policy and supervising money market operations, managing exchange and gold reserves, acting as lender of last resort to commercial banks, and providing banking services to the government. Central banks are state-controlled but are increasingly being given an independent status to insulate them from partisan politics.
clearing house that helps facilitate trading in derivatives and equities markets
These clearing houses are often operated by the major banks in the country. The house's prime responsibility is to provide efficiency and stability to the financial markets that they operate in. There are two main processes that are carried out by CCPs: clearing and settlement of market transactions. Clearing relates to identifying the obligations of both parties on either side of a transaction. Settlement occurs when the final transfer of securities and funds occur. CCPs benefit both parties in a transaction because they bear most of the credit risk. If two individuals deal with one another, the buyer bears the credit risk of the seller, and vice versa. When a CCP is used the credit risk that is held against both buyer and seller is coming from the CCP, which in all likelihood is much less than in the previous situation.
functional entity that provides a central point for depositing financial instruments ('securities'), for example, bonds and shares
CSDs' clients are typically financial institutions themselves (such as custodian banks and brokers) rather than individual investors.
commercial bank that facilitates payment and settlement of financial transactions, such as check clearing or facilitating trades between the sellers and buyers of securities or other financial instruments or contracts
clearing house that is organized as a corporation
Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014
financial service provider that is exchange affiliated and provides clearing services, including the validation, delivery, and settlement of financial transactions, for financial intermediaries
service provided on behalf of an institutional market participant by a clearing services provider following a trade that finalizes the transfer of security ownership
depository institution that engages in various financial services, such as accepting deposits and making loans
A commercial bank is a financial institution that is owned by stockholders, operates for a profit, and engages in various lending activities. Commercial banks provide services, such as accepting deposits, giving business loans and auto loans, mortgage lending, and basic investment products like savings accounts and certificates of deposit.
The traditional commercial bank is a brick and mortar institution with tellers, safe deposit boxes, vaults and ATMs. However, some commercial banks do not have any physical branches and require consumers to complete all transactions by phone or Internet. In exchange, they generally pay higher interest rates on investments and deposits, and charge lower fees.
finance company that makes loans to manufacturers and wholesalers, secured by accounts receivable, inventories, and equipment
party that directly or indirectly advises others as to the value or advisability of buying or selling futures contracts or options
Indirect advice includes exercising trading authority over a customer's account. In the U.S., registered CTAs are registered with the Commodities Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) and are generally required to be members of the National Futures Association (NFA).
finance company that lends to individuals under the small loans laws of the jurisdiction in which they operate
financial institution that provides the opportunity for individuals to invest in collective investment vehicles in a fiduciary rather than a principle role
Example institutional investors include banks, insurance companies, mutual funds, pension funds, and other similar large funds.
Collective investment vehicles invest the pooled resources of the individuals and firms into numerous equity, debt, and derivatives promises. The individual, however, holds equity in the CIV itself rather what the CIV invests in specifically. The two most popular examples of contractual savings institutions are mutual funds and private pension plans.
Typically more than 70 percent of the daily trading on the New York Stock Exchange is conducted on behalf of institutional investors.
institutional investment firm
institutional investor
investisseur institutionnel
not-for-profit depository institution that makes personal loans and offers other consumer banking services, organized for the purpose of promoting thrift among its members and creating a source of credit for provident or productive purposes
financial service offered by an entity primarily engaged in providing infrastructure for hosting or data processing services
finance services provider primarily engaged in providing infrastructure for hosting or data processing services
These establishments may provide specialized hosting activities, such as web hosting, streaming services or application hosting, provide application service provisioning, or may provide general time-share mainframe facilities to clients. Data processing establishments provide complete processing and specialized reports from data supplied by clients or provide automated data processing and data entry services.
any financial institution engaged in the business of receiving demand deposits from the public or other institutions
12 U.S. Code Section 1813 - Definitions, see, for example, http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/1813
national or regional financial institution designed to provide medium- and long-term capital for productive investment, often accompanied by technical assistance, in poor countries
service involving any transfer of funds other than a transaction involving a paper instrument, that is initiated through an electronic terminal, telephone, or computer and that orders or authorizes a financial institution to debit or credit an account
EFT services include transfers through automated teller machines, point-of-sale terminals, automated clearinghouse systems, telephone bill-payment plans in which periodic or recurring transfers are contemplated, and remote banking programs.
investment company which is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of issuing face-amount certificates of the installment type, or which has been engaged in such business and has any such certificate outstanding
Section 4, definition of investment companies, Investment Company Act of 1940 as amended and approved as of 3 January 2012, see https://www.sec.gov/about/laws/ica40.pdf
An investor may enter into a contract with an issuer of a face amount certificate to contract to receive a stated or fixed amount of money (the face amount) at a stated date in the future. In exchange for this future sum, the investor must deposit an agreed lump sum or make scheduled installment payments over time. Face amount certificates are rarely issued these days, as most of the tax advantages that the investment once offered have been lost through changes in the tax laws.
financial intermediary in the business of making loans that obtains its financing from banks, institutions, and other money market sources rather than from deposits
financial service provider identified as either a government agency or privately owned entity that collects funds from the public and from other institutions, and invests those funds in financial assets, such as loans, securities, bank deposits, and income-generating property
Financial institutions are differentiated by the way they obtain and invest funds. Depository institutions accept public deposits, which are insured by the government against loss, and channel those deposits into lending activities. Non-depository institutions, such as brokerage firms, life insurance companies, pension funds, and investment companies, fund their investment activities directly from financial markets by selling securities to the public or by selling insurance policies, in the case of insurance companies.
identifier that is officially allocated to a financial service provider based on a function that they provide, typically in a jurisdiction over which a regulatory agency has some jurisdiction
financial service provider identifier scheme
scheme that defines the financial service provider identifier per the issuing registration authority or regulatory agency
party that does both of the following: (1) solicits or accepts orders to buy or sell futures contracts, options on futures, retail off-exchange forex contracts, or swaps and (2) accepts money or other assets from customers to support such orders
business entity established to own stock in another company, typically to own enough voting shares to have some level of control over that company's policies and management
Holding companies protect their owners from losses to some degree, protecting assets, for example, in case of bankruptcy. They can also be set up to own property such as real estate, patents, trademarks, stocks and other assets to limit financial and legal liability
non-depository institution whose primary and predominant business activity is the writing of insurance or the reinsuring of risks underwritten by insurance companies, and that provides compensation based on the happening of at least one contingency
In the US, insurance companies are subject to supervision by the insurance commissioner or a similar official or agency of a State; or any receiver or similar official or any liquidating agent for such a company, in his capacity as such. Common forms of insurance include life, property and casualty, and health insurance. In addition to insuring against hazards, many insurance companies also sell investments or investment-like products. The most prevalent investment products offered by insurers are annuities and life insurance policies that also feature investment elements. A number of insurance companies operate brokerage arms that trade securities on behalf of clients.
financial service in which the insurer promises to provide compensation for specific potential future losses in exchange for a periodic payment
Insurance providers invest the compensation they receive in order to make a profit. In general, insurance transfers risk from individuals or organizations to a larger pool of individuals or organizations that are better able to mitigate that risk.
financial service provider that acts as an underwriter or agent that serves as intermediary between the issuer of securities and the investing public
Major investment banks include Barclays, BofA Merrill Lynch, Warburgs, Goldman Sachs, Deutsche Bank, JP Morgan, Morgan Stanley, Salomon Brothers, UBS, Credit Suisse, Citibank and Lazard. Some investment banks specialize in particular industry sectors. Many investment banks also have retail operations that serve small, individual customers.
any issuer which: (a) is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting, or trading in securities; (b) is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of issuing face-amount certificates of the installment type, or has been engaged in such business and has any such certificate outstanding; or (c) is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding, or trading in securities, and owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40 per centum of the value of such issuer's total assets (exclusive of Government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis
Section 3a of the Investment Company Act of 1940 as amended in January, 2012, https://www.sec.gov/about/laws/ica40.pdf
An investment company is organized as either a corporation or as a trust. Individual investors' money is then pooled together in a single account and used to purchase securities that will have the greatest chance of helping the investment company reach its objectives. All investors jointly own the portfolio that is created through these pooled funds, and each investor has an undivided interest in the securities.
In the US, all investment company offerings are subject to the Securities Act of 1933, which requires the investment company to register with the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) and to give all purchasers a prospectus. Investment companies are also subject to the Investment Company Act of 1940, which sets forth guidelines on how investment companies must operate.
financial service designed to assist investors in using capital to create more money, either through income-producing vehicles or through more risk-oriented ventures to result in capital gains, including but not limited to providing investment advice, asset and portfolio management, and brokerage services
investment company that sells and manages a portfolio of securities other than a face-amount certificate company or unit investment fund
Management companies allow investors to pool their capital with that of other investors in order to purchase professionally-managed groups of diversified securities.
financial service provided by a financial institution to a merchant or other business, including but not limited to managing financial transactions via a secure channel
Example merchant services include credit and debit card processing, check guarantee and conversion services, point of sale (PoS) systems, gift card and loyalty programs, online transaction processing, etc.
regulatory agency that controls the monetary policy, regulation and supply of money in some country or group of countries
a central bank, the executive branch of a government, a central bank for several nations, a currency board
any person doing business, whether or not on a regular basis or as an organized business concern, in one of the following capacities: (1) currency dealer or exchanger, (2) check casher, (3) issuer of traveler's checks, money orders, or stored value, (4) seller or redeemer of traveler's checks, money orders, or stored value, (5) money transmitter, or (6) postal service
This definition excludes banks and persons registered with or examined by the Securities and Exchange Commission or the Commodities Futures Trading Commission.
financial service provider that originates and/or funds mortgages for residential or commercial property
financial institution that does not have a full banking license and typically is not supervised by a national or international banking regulatory agency
The term 'non-bank' may have been derived from 'non-deposit taking banking institution'. To be clearer, in the United States, non-depository institutions are explicitly disjoint with depository institutions (financial institutions that take deposits of some sort, potentially including securities) in FIBO. Banks are defined as financial institutions that take demand deposits from the public and that also provide commercial lending services. Many 'non-bank' institutions take deposits or provide commercial lending services, but they may not do both.
A non-depository financial institution acts as a middleman between two parties in a financial transaction, and does not provide traditional depository services, such as brokerage firms, insurance companies, and investment companies. These kinds of institutions facilitate alternative financial services, such as investment (both collective and individual), risk pooling, financial consulting, brokering, money transmission, and check cashing. NBFIs are a source of consumer credit (along with licensed banks). Examples of nonbank financial institutions include insurance firms, venture capitalists, currency exchanges, some microloan organizations, and pawn shops. These non-bank financial institutions provide services that are not necessarily suited to banks, serve as competition to banks, and specialize in sectors or groups. Note, however, that there are exceptions in Europe, for example, where the same firm may have banking, insurance, and brokerage functions.
non-banking financial institution (NBFI)
financial service that involves acceptance of electronic payments by a variety of payment methods including credit card, bank-based payments such as direct debit, bank transfer, and real-time bank transfer based on online banking
financial service, typically provided to small businesses that are not large enough to have an internal finance organization, that involves managing payment of wages to employees
Payroll services typically include printing of employee pay checks, direct deposit of wages to employee bank accounts, calculation and withholding of employee taxes, calculation and payment of corporate payroll taxes and fees with appropriate government authorities (such as Social Security in the US), filing government quarterly and annual reports, and so forth. They may also include management of retirement and savings plans, health benefits, timekeeping, automated integration with the business' accounting system, etc.
underwriter who, as principal, purchases from an investment company, or pursuant to some contract has the right to purchase from such company, any security for distribution, or who as agent for such company sells or has the right to sell any security to a dealer or to the public, excluding any dealer who purchases from such company through sn underwriter acting as an agent for such company
Principal underwriter of or for a closed-end company or any issuer which is not an investment company, or of any security issued by such a company or issuer, means any underwriter who, in connection with a primary distribution of securities, (a) is in privity of contract with the issuer or an affiliated person of the issuer; (b) acting alone or in concert with one or more other persons, initiates or directs the formation of an underwriting syndicate; or (c) is allowed a rate of gross commission, spread, or other profit greater than the rate allowed another underwriter participating in the distribution.
registered agent and financial service provider that advises high net worth individuals on investments and manages their portfolios
financial institution that provides some financial service while spreading the financial risk inherent in that service to lower the probability of a catastrophic financial event by aggregating customers across diverse dimensions as a risk management practice
Insurance companies are the most common form of risk pooling institution.
finance company that purchases retail and wholesale paper from automobile and other consumer and commercial goods dealers
depository institution that is (a) any federal savings bank or association chartered under section 1464 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act; (b) any state chartered building and loan association, savings and loan association, or homestead association; or (c) any cooperative bank (other than a cooperative bank which is a state bank as defined in subsection (a)(2)) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, which is organized and operating according to the laws of the State (as defined in subsection (a)(3)) in which it is chartered or organized; and (c) any corporation (other than a bank) that the board of directors and the comptroller of the currency jointly determine to be operating in substantially the same manner as such a depository institution
non-governmental organization that has the power to create and exercise some degree of regulatory authority over an industry or profession in some country or group of countries
financial institution that acts as a fiduciary, trustee or agent of trusts and agencies
A professional trust company may be independently owned or owned by, for example, a bank or a law firm, and which specializes in being a trustee of various kinds of trusts. The trust company oversees the management of assets covered by the trust agreement. Such companies often are used when a grantor feels the trust company can do an equal or better job managing the assets than an individual person, or if the grantor does not know of anyone else who can act as trustee. Trust companies sometimes act as fiscal agents for corporations by attending to the registration and transfer of their stocks and bonds, serving as a trustee for their bond and mortgage creditors, and transacting general banking and loan business.
financial service provider that evaluates and assumes another party's risk for a fee, such as a commission, premium, spread or interest
written contract between parties that commits the underwriter to assuming risk
investment company which (a) is organized under a trust indenture, contract of custodianship or agency, or similar instrument, (b) does not have a board of directors, and (c) issues only redeemable securities, each of which represents an undivided interest in a unit of specified securities; but does not include a voting trust
financial service that combines financial and investment advice, accounting and tax services, retirement planning and legal or estate planning for one set fee
the date that the financial service provider was formally established
This may be the date on its papers of incorporation or formation document, or the date on which it was granted a license.
date on which insurance became effective
indicates a party in which a venture capital firm, a buyout firm, or a holding company has invested
indicates a venture capital firm, a buyout firm, or a holding company that is a financial sponsor (i.e. investor in) of the party
relates a regulatory agency to something it controls or supervises the availability of in some market by means of rules and regulations
The Federal Reserve System, whose banks together comprise the central bank of the United States, supervises banking system and regulates the money supply in the US.
Bank for International Settlements
Bank für Internationalen Zahlungsausgleich
Banque Des Reglements Internationaux
international financial organization that serves central banks in their pursuit of monetary and financial stability, helping to foster international cooperation in those areas and acting as a bank for central banks
Established in 1930, the BIS is owned by 63 central banks, representing countries from around the world that together account for about 95 percent of world GDP. Its head office is in Basel, Switzerland and it has two representative offices: in Hong Kong SAR and in Mexico City, as well as Innovation Hub Centres around the world.
Bank for International Settlements address
Tower building address for the Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
Bank for International Settlements as banking services provider
Bank for International Settlements role as a banking services provider to central banks and other monetary authorities
The Bank for International Settlements offers a wide range of financial services specifically designed to assist central banks and other official monetary institutions in the management of their foreign exchange reserves. BIS facilitates international financial cooperation and endeavors to make monetary policy more predictable and transparent. Its customers are central banks and international organizations; they do not accept deposits from, or provide financial services to, private individuals or corporate entities.
Bank for International Settlements date established
date that Bank for International Settlements was established to offer financial services to BIS member central banks
Bank for International Settlements legal entity identifier registry entry
Global LEI Index registry entry for Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
entry in a registry that conforms to ISO 9362 for the management of BIC codes and related registration information
Business Identifier Code registration authority
registration authority and financial service provider, appointed by the International Standards Organization (ISO), that is the official registration authority (RA) for ISO 9362, Banking - Banking telecommunication messages - Business identifier code (BIC)
registry for registering and maintaining information about bank and other business identifier codes that conform to ISO 9362
Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (GLEIF) legal entity identifier registry entry
Global LEI Index registry entry for Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (GLEIF)
registry that contains historical and current LEI records including related reference data in one authoritative, central repository
The reference data provides the information on a legal entity identifiable with an LEI. The Global LEI Index is the only global online source that provides open, standardized and high quality legal entity reference data.
Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation
Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (GLEIF) legal entity, tasked to support the implementation and use of the Legal Entity Identifier (LEI)
Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation address
physical address of the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (GLEIF)
ISO 13616:2007, International Bank Account Number (IBAN) Registration Authority (RA) and financial service provider, appointed by the International Standards Organization (ISO), that is the official registration authority (RA) for ISO 13616:2007, Financial services - International bank account number (IBAN)
Legal Entity Identifier registration authority
registration authority appointed by the International Standards Organization (ISO) that is the official registration authority (RA) for ISO 17442, Financial services - Legal entity identifier (LEI)
ISO 10383, Market Identifier Code (MIC) Registration Authority (RA) and financial service provider, appointed by the International Standards Organization (ISO), that is the official registration authority (RA) for ISO 10383, Codes for exchanges and market identification (MIC)
registry for registering and maintaining information for market identifier codes that conform to ISO 10383
entry in a market identifier code registry that conforms to ISO 10383
Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) legal entity identifier registry entry
Global LEI Index registry entry for the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT)
Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication
Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) legal entity, which is a global member-owned cooperative and the world's leading provider of secure financial messaging services
Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication SCRL/CVBA
Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication address
corporate address for the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT)
market identifier code status that indicates that as of the last report or update, the code was registered and actively in use
ISO 10383, Securities and related financial instruments - Codes for exchanges and market identification (MIC), version 2.0
trading venue that is more loosely regulated than a regulated exchange
The SEC formally defines an alternative trading system as any organization, association, person, group of persons, or systems (1) that constitutes, maintains, or provides a market place or facilities for bringing together purchasers and sellers of securities or for otherwise performing with respect to securities the functions commonly performed by a stock exchange within the meaning of Rule 3b-16 under the Exchange Act; and (2) that does not (i) set rules governing the conduct of subscribers other than the conduct of such subscribers' trading on such organization, association, person, group of persons, or system, or (ii) discipline subscribers other than by exclusion from trading.
data reporting services provider that is authorized to provide the service of publishing certain trade reports on behalf of banks, investment firms, or asset management companies
authorised publication arrangement
authorized publication arrangement
data reporting services provider that is authorized to provide the service of reporting details of transactions to competent authorities or ESMA (the European Securities and Markets Authority) on behalf of investment firms
exchange in which buyers and sellers submit competitive bids that do not involve direct negotiations between parties, as part of an auction scheduled either on demand or on a periodic basis
data reporting services provider that is authorized to provide the service of collecting trade reports for financial instruments from regulated markets, MTFs, OTFs and APAs and consolidating them into a continuous electronic live data stream providing price and volume data per financial instrument
Consolidated tape is an electronic system that collates real-time exchange-listed data, such as price and volume, and disseminates it to investors. Through the consolidated tape, various major exchanges, including the New York Stock Exchange, the NASDAQ, and the Chicago Board Options Exchange, report trades and quotes.
financial services provider that provides services for crypto assets that enable the control of crypto assets, and participate in, or provide, financial services for issuers' offers, or sale, of crypto assets
Services related to crypto assets may include businesses that exchange crypto assets for fiat currencies, or vice versa, that conduct transactions that move crypto assets from one crypto asset address, or account, to another, and/or that provide facilities for the safekeeping, or administration, of crypto assets, or instruments.
privately organized alternative trading system, that allows institutional investors the ability to trade without exposure until after the trade has been executed and reported
market data provider and reporting party that reports and/or publishes data on securities transactions, including required regulatory reporting for such transactions, and as such is subject to regulatory supervision
exchange, trading system, or platform that enables listing for trading futures or option contracts based on any underlying commodity, index or instrument
alternative trading system that automatically matches buy and sell orders for securities in the market
ECNs allow brokerages and investors in different geographic areas to trade without a third party involved, offering privacy for investors. They also allow after-hours trading, but trading may be subject to commissions and other fees.
any organization, association, or group of persons, whether incorporated or unincorporated, which constitutes, maintains, or provides a facility for bringing together purchasers and sellers of financial instruments, commodities, or other products, services, or goods, and includes the market place and facilities maintained by such exchange
ISO 10383, Securities and related financial instruments - Codes for exchanges and market identification (MIC), Third edition, 2012-10-01, confirmed 2018-03-29
An exchange is typically a corporation or mutual organization that provides securities trading services, where securities may be bought and sold by third parties. As a facility, an exchange is also a place of trade associated with a particular site, i.e., stock exchange, regulated market such as an Electronic Trading Platform (ECN), or unregulated market, such as an Automated Trading System (ATS), or market data provider. Stock exchanges also provide facilities for the issue and redemption of securities as well as other financial instruments and capital events including the payment of income and dividends. The securities traded on a stock exchange include: shares issued by companies, unit trusts, derivatives, pooled investment products and bonds. To be able to trade a security on a certain stock exchange, it has to be listed there. Usually there is a central location at least for recordkeeping, but trade is less and less linked to such a physical place, as modern markets are electronic networks, which gives them advantages of speed and cost of transactions. Trade on an exchange is by members only.
registered agent who, in accordance with the rules of an exchange, may trade on or through the exchange and whose name is entered in a list, register or roll kept by the exchange as an agent who may trade on or through the exchange
as of the last report or update, the exchange code has expired
ISO 10383, Securities and related financial instruments - Codes for exchanges and market identification (MIC), Third edition, version 2.0
classification scheme for market categories and related content per the ISO 10383 standard
automated system for organizing and disseminating price quotes by brokers and dealer firms that facilitates electronic trading in securities
The National Association of Securities Dealers Automatic Quotation (Nasdaq), Nasdaq SmallCap Market, and the Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board (OTCBB) exchange platforms are integrated into one IQS. By using this integrated system, investors have access to a wide range of securities, ranging from large blue-chip companies to smaller micro-caps.
An IQS ties the price quotations of a number of exchanges together into one platform. This allows investors to more easily access security price quotations that would otherwise need to be monitored on several separate exchanges.
In the United States, an IQS is an automated interdealer quotation system of a national securities association registered pursuant to section 15A(a) of the Exchange Act (15 U.S.C. 78o-3(a)).
classifier representing the controlled vocabulary that delineates the nature of the exchange or data reporting services provider where possible
As of October 2022, the controlled vocabulary includes two codes that are not semantically useful, namely 'not specified', or NSPD, and 'other', or OTHR. These are included for the sake of completeness but ignored with respect to how the exchange or market is classified. If something has one of these two codes as a market category, they will be classified either as an operating-level or segment-level marketas appropriate with no other distinction in terms of how they are instantiated.
market category classifier for an approved publication arrangement
market category classifier for an approved reporting mechanism
market category classifier for an alternative trading system
market category classifier for a crypto asset services provider
market category classifier for a consolidated tape provider
market category classifier for a designated contract market
market category classifier for an interdealer quotation system
market category classifier for a multilateral trading facility
market category classifier indicating that the market category has not been specified by the reporting party
market category classifier for an organized trading facility
market category classifier indicating that the reporting party believes that the market classifier is something other than any of the given market categories
market category classifier for a regulated market
market category classifier for a recognized market operator
market category classifier for a swap execution facility
market category classifier for a systematic internalizer
market category classifier for a trade reporting facility
identifier that specifies a universal method of identifying exchanges, trading platforms, regulated or non-regulated markets, and data reporting services providers as sources of prices and related information in order to facilitate automated processing
ISO 10383, Securities and related financial instruments - Codes for exchanges and market identification (MIC), Third edition, 2012-10-01
It is intended for use in any application and communication for identification of places - where a financial instrument is listed (place of official listing), - where a related trade is executed (place of trade), and - where trade details are reported (trade reporting facility).
lifecycle stage indicating the status of the MIC code, as specified by the registration authority
classifier that indicates whether the exchange or data reporting services provider is an operating level or market segment level facility
market-level classifier for an operating-level facility
market-level classifier for a segment-level facility
section of an exchange/market/trade reporting facility that specialises in one or more specific instruments or that is regulated differently
A market segment MIC can only be registered if an operating/exchange MIC already exists.
It is not required to have a MIC registered for all segments of a market, only for those segments that need to be identified.
ISO 10383, Securities and related financial instruments - Codes for exchanges and market identification (MIC), Third edition, 2012-10-01, confirmed 2018-03-29, clause 2.2
market identifier that identifies a section of an exchange/market/trade reporting facility that specialises in one or more specific instruments or that is regulated differently
trading system that facilitates the exchange of financial instruments between multiple parties
Multilateral trading facilities allow eligible contract participants to gather and transfer a variety of securities, especially instruments that may not have an official market. These facilities are often electronic systems controlled by approved market operators or larger investment banks. Traders will usually submit orders electronically, where a matching software engine is used to pair buyers with sellers.
facility used for reporting over-the-counter (OTC) and other direct trades that are not executed by the exchange but are reported through the exchange
exchange/market/trade reporting facility in a specific market/country
ISO 10383, Securities and related financial instruments - Codes for exchanges and market identification (MIC), Third edition, 2012-10-01, confirmed 2018-03-29, clause 2.1
market identifier that identifies an exchange/market/trade reporting facility in a specific market/country
organised trading facility
organized trading facility
multi-lateral system which is not an RM or an MTF and in which multiple third-party buying and selling interests in bonds, structured finance products, emission allowances or derivatives are able to interact in the system in a way that results in a contract in accordance with the provisions of Title II of MiFID II
OTFs were introduced by the European Commission as part of MiFID II and are focused on non-equities such as derivatives and cash bond markets. OTFs are intended to be similar in scope to a swap execution facility (SEF), a type of entity created by the Dodd-Frank Act in the U.S. The goal of SEFs and OTFs is to bring transparency and structure to OTC derivatives trading.
Unlike RMs and MTFs, operators of OTFs will have discretion as to how to execute orders, subject to pre-transparency and best execution obligations.
exchange in which prices are determined from bid and ask quotations made by market makers, dealers, or specialists
In a quote-driven market, dealers fill orders from their own inventory or by matching them with other orders. Note that this differs from a typical market, which is order-driven rather than quote-driven.
recognised market operator
recognized market operator
exchange that is operated or maintained by an operator registered under certain securities regulations that brings together purchasers and sellers of capital market products
registered multilateral trading facility
multilateral system operated by an investment firm or market operator, which brings together multiple third-party buying and selling interests in financial instruments in the system, in accordance with non-discretionary rules, in a way that results in a contract in accordance with the provisions of Title II of the MiFID II
regulated market that is operated by and/or managed by a market operator that brings together or facilitates the bringing together of multiple third-party buying and selling interests in financial instruments
In the financial community in the EU, such an exchange operates in accordance with its non-discretionary rules in a way that results in a contract, in respect of the financial instruments admitted to trading under its rules and/or systems, and which is authorised and functions regularly and in accordance with the provisions of Title III of MiFID II.
exchange that enables participants to execute and trade swaps
Swap execution facilities, including trading systems and other platforms, allow for greater transparency and represent a significant shift in the way derivative trading has been done. The Dodd-Frank Act lays the foundation for this change of derivative execution.
systematic internaliser
systematic internalizer
investment firm that, on an organised, frequent, systematic and substantial basis, deals on its own account by executing client orders outside a regulated exchange, MTF or OTF without operating a multilateral system
facility that provides a mechanism for the reporting of transactions effected otherwise than on an exchange
In the United States, for example, trades by FINRA members in Nasdaq-listed and other exchange-listed securities, as approved by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), executed otherwise than on an exchange may be reported to a FINRA TRF. While each FINRA TRF is affiliated with a registered national securities exchange, each FINRA TRF is a FINRA facility and is subject to FINRA's registration as a national securities association.
as of the last report or update, the exchange code was revised
indicates the status of a specific market identifier code (MIC)
indicates the ISO 3166-1 country in which an exchange, data reporting services provider, or crypto asset services provider operates
indicates the municipality or business center in which in which an exchange, data reporting services provider, or crypto asset services provider operates
TRADING SCREEN FOR FORWARD FREIGHT AGREEMENTS (FFA).
ASSENT ATS IS A US EQUITY DARK POOL OPERATED BY ASSENT, LLC - A SUBSIDIARY OF SUNGARD.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER FOR NON EQUITIES.
BULGARIAN STOCK EXCHANGE - ALTERNATIVE MARKET
ACE DERIVATIVES AND COMMODITY EXCHANGE LTD
DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE FOR COMMODITIES TRADING IN INDIA.
ADVISE TECHNOLOGIES - APA TRANSPARENCY REPORTING
AGRICULTURAL FUTURES EXCHANGE OF THAILAND
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES.
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR STRUCTURED PRODUCTS.
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR BONDS (CORPORATE, GOVERNMENT, T-BILL, CP, CD, MTN).
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR FX FORWARDS.
REPORTING MATCHED TRADES TO CCP'S FOR CLEARING.
BROKER OF REMIT PHYSICAL WHOLESALE ENERGY PRODUCTS AND PRE-ARRANGEMENT OF BLOCK FUTURES.
DEACTIVATED JAN 2017 UNTIL MARKET LAUNCH. AIMX WAS INACTIVE FROM DECEMBER 2007 UNTIL DECEMBER 2016. REACTIVATED AUGUST 2017.
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY. REGISTERED MARKET FOR BONDS.
EFFECTIVE NOVEMBER 1, 2025, LEGAL ENTITY NAME CHANGE FROM TSX ALPHA U.S., INC. TO TMX ALPHA US, LLC.
AMMAN STOCK EXCHANGE - NON-LISTED SECURITIES MARKET
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY (MTF) FOR EQUITIES.
AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND BANKING GROUP LIMITED
AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND BANKING GROUP LIMITED - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR DERIVATIVES.
AS A SECURITIES EXCHANGE,SSX PROVIDES LISTING FACILITIES TO COMPANIES AND SECURITIES ISSUERS AS WELL AS TRADING FACILITIES FOR STOCK BROKERS, TRADERS AND INVESTORS TO BUY AND SELL SHARES/SECURITIES.
AQUIS EXCHANGE EUROPE AUCTION ON DEMAND (AOD)
AQUIS EXCHANGE EUROPE NON DISPLAY ORDER BOOK (NDOB)
AQUIS EXCHANGE PLC AUCTION ON DEMAND (AOD)
AQUIS EXCHANGE PLC AMP NON DISPLAY ORDER BOOK
PAN-EUROPEAN EQUITIES TRADING EXCHANGE (MTF).
REGISTERED FOR BROKING OF EUROPEAN POWER AND GAS WHOLESALE PRODUCTS.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY (MTF) FOR DIGITAL ASSETS.
NYSE ARCA OPTIONS TRADING PLATFORM FROM NYSE EURONEXT.
ALTERNATIVE TRADING FACILITY FOR DIGITAL ASSETS.
MARKET FOR ETR (EXCHANGE TRADED RECEIVABLES) ORDER EXECUTION.
INTELLIGENTCROSS ASPEN INTELLIGENT BID/OFFER
CLEARCORP DEALING SYSTEMS INDIA LIMITED - ASTROID
ANONYMOUS SYSTEM FOR TRADING IN RUPEE OTC INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES.
ON-MARKET AUTOMATED BOOKBUILD MECHANISM CALLED ASX BOOKBUILD TO ALLOW ASX LISTED COMPANIES TO PRICE AND ALLOCATE NEW SECURITIES.
CENTRE POINT ARE ORDER TYPES IN ASX TRADE ENABLING EXECUTION AT THE PREVAILING MIDPOINT OF THE BEST BID AND OFFER OF THE ASX CENTRAL LIMIT ORDER BOOK.
ASX PUREMATCH IS AN ADDITIONAL ORDER BOOK LAUNCHING IN MID 2011 AIMED AT MEETING THE NEEDS OF LATENCY SENSITIVE TRADERS, PROVIDING TRADING IN A SUBSET OF ASX LISTED SECURITIES.
ASX LAUNCHED VOLUMEMATCH IN JUNE 2011, AN ASX TRADE EXECUTION FACILITY THAT ENABLES END USERS TO SEARCH FOR LIQUIDITY AND EXECUTE LARGE ORDERS ANONYMOUSLY.
ASSET MANAGEMENT COMPANY FOR QUALIFIED INVESTORS.
AUTOMATED TRADING DESK FINANCIAL SERVICES, LLC
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR OPEN END FUNDS.
REGISTERED FOR BROKING WHOLESALE GAS PRODUCTS.
DEUTSCHE BANK'S ELECTRONIC PLATFORM FOR TRADING FOREIGN EXCHANGE AND PRECIOUS METALS.
ELECTRONIC PLATFORM FOR COMMODITIES AND FX.
AQUIS EXCHANGE EUROPE - AQUIS VWAP MATCH (AVM)
AQUIS EXCHANGE LIMITED - AQUIS VWAP MATCH (AVM)
BANK OF AMERICA SECURITIES - CENTRAL RISK
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH EQUITY SWAP - EXTERNAL PRICE SOURCE
LSEG HAS COMPLETED ITS ACQUISITION OF TURQUOISE TRADING LIMITED (TURQUOISE) THROUGH A MERGER OF THE BUSINESSES OF TURQUOISE AND BAIKAL GLOBAL LIMITED (BAIKAL).THE NEW VENTURE WILL CONTINUE TO TRADE UNDER THE TURQUOISE NAME.
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH EQUITY SWAP - INTERNAL PRICE SOURCE
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH - JAPAN INSTINCT X
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH INSTINCT X ATS
DARK POOL REQUESTED BY MISTAKE. BAML AND BAMP ARE THE SAME.
BLOOMBERG APPROVED PUBLICATION ARRANGEMENT.
BLOOMBERG DATA REPORTING SERVICES B.V. - APA
BALTPOOL UAB IS THE ELECTRICITY MARKET OPERATOR OF LITHUANIA.
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET DARK BOOK
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET SECURITIES MIC CODE FOR DARK ORDER BOOK TRADES
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET SECURITIES MIC CODE FOR OFF-BOOK TRADES
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET INTEGRATED BOOK
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET SECURITIES MIC CODE FOR INTEGRATED BOOK TRADES
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET DARK BOOK (NL)
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH - SWAP EXECUTIONS
BANK OF AMERICA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION - LONDON BRANCH OFFICE - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
BANK OF AMERICA SECURITIES EQUITY SWAP - SYNTHETIC PRICE SOURCE
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH - SIMPLEX BLAST X
TO BE USED FOR REPORTING DARK BOOK EXECUTIONS.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR CASH EQUITIES.
CBOE EUROPE (BXE) OFF-BOOK TRADE REPORTS.
TO BE USED FOR EXECUTIONS RESULTING FROM CBOE BXE AUCTIONS BOOK.
BARCLAYS BANK IRELAND PLC - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
U.S. EQUITIES SINGLE DEALER PLATFORM/POOL.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR REGULATED OTC DERIVATIVES TRANSACTIONS.
BARCLAYS BANK PLC - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
BLOOMBERG SEF LLC - SECURITY-BASED SWAP EXECUTION FACILITY (SBSEF)
BANCO BILBAO VIZCAYA ARGENTARIA S.A. - UK
BANQUE ET CAISSE D'EPARGNE DE L'ETAT, LUXEMBOURG - BCEE
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER. MIC FOR SI ACTIVITY.
BOLSA DE CEREAIS E MERCADORIAS DE MARINGA
BARCLAYS CAPITAL SECURITIES LIMITED - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
PAN-EUROPEAN RECOGNISED INVESTMENT EXCHANGE.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER FOR CORPORATE, COVERED AND OTHER PUBLIC BONDS ISSUED BY BELGIAN ISSUERS.
BOERSE BERLIN - BERLIN SECOND REGULATED MARKET
LAUNCHED IN NOVEMBER 2011, MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY.
OTC COMMODITY DERIVATIVES DONE BILATERALLY WITH CLIENTS OF THE FIRM. NO ELECTRONIC PLATFORM.
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET OFF BOOK (NL)
CBOE EU - REGULATED MARKET SECURITIES MIC CODE FOR OFF-BOOK TRADES.
TO BE USED FOR EXECUTIONS RESULTING FROM CBOE EU DXE AUCTIONS BOOK.
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET INTEGRATED BOOK (NL)
CBOE EU - REGULATED MARKET SECURITIES MIC CODE FOR INTEGRATED BOOK TRADES.
THE BFX IS THE FIRST MULTI-ASSET CLASS EXCHANGE IN THE MIDDLE EAST REGION AND WILL BE INTERNATIONALLY ACCESSIBLE TO TRADE CASH INSTRUMENTS, STRUCTURED PRODUCTS AND SHARIA-COMPLIANT FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AS WELL AS DERIVATIVES.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR INTERNATIONAL EQUITIES.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER FOR FIXED INCOME.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER FOR FIXED INCOME UK.
COMMODITIES AND DERIVATIVES OTC AND EXCHANGE MARKET OPERATOR.
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL BANK - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
BNY MELLON S.A./N.V. - BRUSSELS BRANCH - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
SPOT MARKET FOR CRYPTO CURRENCY AND DERIVATIVES.
THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON - LONDON BRANCH
ELECTRONIC BLOCK TRADING PLATFORM FOR EQUITIES.
EQUITIES CROSSING, EQUITIES DARK POOL, PAN-EUROPEAN EQUITIES.
MTF FOR ELECTRONIC TRADING OF FREIGHT DERIVATIVES
BLOCK FOCUSED LIQUIDITY POOL FOR AUSTRALIAN EQUITIES.
ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM FOR EQUITIES.
SIBIU MONETARY- FINANCIAL AND COMMODITIES EXCHANGE
THE SIBIU MONETARY FINANCIAL AND COMMODITIES EXCHANGE (BURSA MONETAR FINANCIARA SI DE MARFURI SIBIU OR BMFMS IN ROMANIAN) IS ROMANIA'S SECOND LARGEST FINANCIAL MARKET.
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL BANK DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL BANK DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
BLOOMBERG MULTI-LATERAL TRADING FACILITY.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER. FOR UK MIFID II.
BANK OF AMERICA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION - LONDON BRANCH OFFICE
BANK OF CHINA LIMITED - FRANKFURT BRANCH
REGULATED MARKET FOR GOVERNMENT DEBT SECURITIES.
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/BONDS/CATALYST/BONDSPOT/MTF
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITIES FOR DEBT INSTRUMENTS.
OFF EXCHANGE IDENTIFIER FOR OTC TRADES REPORTED TO CBOE EUROPE
BOTSWANA STOCK EXCHANGE - EXCHANGE TRADED FUNDS (ETF)
BOTSWANA STOCK EXCHANGE - VENTURE CAPITAL
BOLSA DE VALORES MINAS-ESPIRITO SANTO-BRASILIA
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER. EXECUTING VENUE FOR OTC DERIVATIVES FX.
OPERATING MIC COVERING OTC MARKETS FOR BRD - GROUPE SOCIETE GENERALE S.A.
BRD - GROUPE SOCIETE GENERALE S.A. - LIQUIDITY PROVIDER
BRD - GROUPE SOCIETE GENERALE S.A. - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR OTC DERIVATIVES
BNP PARIBAS SECURITIES SERVICES LONDON BRANCH
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER - FOR UK MIFID II.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM, DESIGNATED CONTRACT MARKET (DCM).
CME AMSTERDAM B.V. - RFQ TRADING PROTOCOL
BROKERTEC EUROPE LIMITED - RFQ TRADING PROTOCOL
TUNIS STOCK EXCHANGE (BOURSE DE TUNIS) - BONDS MARKET
MULTILATERAL TRADING PLATFORM, NORDIC SECURITIES
REGULATED MARKET FOR WARRANTS, CERTIFICATES, STRUCTURED PRODUCTS AND ETFS.
EQUITIES, SECURITIES, FINANCIAL ASSETS, INDICES, INTEREST RATES, AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, AND FOREIGN EXCHANGE FUTURES AND SPOT CONTRACTS.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR GOVIES AND NON GOVIES
BOLSA ELECTRONICA DE VALORES DEL URUGUAY
CBOE BYX U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE NON-DISPLAYED.
CBOE BZX U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE NON-DISPLAYED.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR FIXED INCOME SECURITIES AND DERIVATIVES.
APPROVED PUBLICATION ARRANGEMENT. OFF EXCHANGE IDENTIFIER FOR OTC TRADES REPORTED TO CBOE EU.
REGISTERED ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR BONDS AND DERIVATIVES (INTEREST RATES AND FX).
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER. CREDIT AGRICOLE BANK POLSKA S.A. IS GOING TO GET THE STATUS OF SI BY 15 SEPTEMBER 2020.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR STRUCTURED PRODUCTS. THE OWNER OF CATS HAS CHANGED FROM CITIGROUP TO BOERSE STUTTGART.
COMMONWEALTH BANK OF AUSTRALIA (EUROPE) N.V.
COMMONWEALTH BANK OF AUSTRALIA - LONDON BRANCH
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER. THIS MIC WILL BE USED FOR TRANSACTIONS IN COMMODITY DERIVATIVES EXECUTED AS SI UNDER MIFID 2 REGIME.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER - TRANSACTIONS EXECUTED ON THE COMMANDER PLATFORM OF COMMERZBANK.
CITIBLOC IS AN ATS UNDER THE OPERATING MIC CGMI
REGISTERED MARKET FOR SWAP EXECUTION IN THE US
CENTRALE DE COMMUNICATIONS LUXEMBOURG S.A. (CCLUX) CHANGED ITS NAME TO FINESTI S.A.
CONTINENTAL CAPITAL MARKETS LIMITED - OTF
CBOE EUROPE EQUITIES - EUROPEAN EQUITIES (NL)
NORTH AMERICAN DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE, INC.
SYSTEMS/PLATFORM FOR REPOS, MONEY INSTRUMENTS AND FX MARKET.
REGISTERED MARKET FOR SWAP EXECUTION OF METALS IN THE US
CESKOSLOVENSKA OBCHODNI BANKA, A.S. - OTHER LIQUIDITY PROVIDER (OLP)
CESKOSLOVENSKA OBCHODNI BANKA, A.S. - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
ELECTRONIC TRADING, TRADE REGISTRATION AND FINANCIAL SETTLEMENT FOR TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING FIXED INCOME SECURITIES AND OTC DERIVATIVES.
CETO WAS ONLY FOR BONDSPOT AS JOINT-STOCK COMPANY, NOT AS MARKET.
PAN-EUROPEAN RECOGNISED INVESTMENT EXCHANGE. CHANGE OF CODE TO CEUX.
CBOE EUROPE (DXE) OFF-BOOK TRADE REPORTS.
EQUITIES ALTERNATIVE LIQUIDITY POOL AUSTRALIA
CHINA FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRADE SYSTEM - SHANGHAI - HONG KONG BOND CONNECT
EQUITIES ALTERNATIVE LIQUIDITY POOL HONG KONG
EQUITIES ALTERNATIVE LIQUIDITY POOL JAPAN
EQUITIES ALTERNATIVE LIQUIDITY POOL TAIWAN.
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA - COLLATERALIZED MONEY MARKET GUARANTEE SERVICE
COLLATERALIZED MONEY MARKET GUARANTEE SERVICE.
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA - BONDS CCP SERVICE
CCP SERVICE FOR GOVERNMENT BONDS, CORPORATE BONDS AND REPOS.
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA - EURO BONDS CCP SERVICE
CCP SERVICE FOR EURO GOVERNMENT BONDS, EURO CORPORATE BONDS.
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS EUROPE AG - EMEA LIQUIDITY HUB
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS EUROPE AG - EMEA TRADING
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA - CCP AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY DERIVATIVES
CCP SERVICE ON AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES DERIVATIVES.
CENTRAL COUNTERPARTY ACROSS MULTIPLE TRADING VENUES COVERING A WIDE RANGE OF ASSET CLASSES.
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS LIMITED - EMEA LIQUIDITY HUB
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS EUROPE AG - LONDON BRANCH
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS LIMITED - EMEA TRADING
CITI MEXICO RPI (RETAIL PRICE IMPROVEMENT)
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA - CCP ENERGY DERIVATIVES
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA - CCP EQUITY DERIVATIVES
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA - EQUITY CCP SERVICE
CCP SERVICE FOR EQUITIES AND COMPARABLE PRODUCTS SUCH WARRANTS, CONVERTIBLE BONDS, CLOSED-END FUNDS, INVESTMENT COMPANIES, REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES, ETF AND ETC.
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA - TRIPARTY REPO CCP SERVICE
MARKET MODEL FOCUSED ON EQUAL OPPORTUNITY TRADING AND MARKET-LEVEL INNOVATION TO DRIVE GROWTH IN THE CANADIAN EQUITY MARKET
EXCHANGE-BACKED NON DISPLAY VENUE IN ASIA, FOR SECURITIES LISTED IN AUSTRALIA, HONG KONG, JAPAN AND SINGAPORE.
MARKET FOR JAPANESE EQUITIES AND ETF, ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM.
CBOE EUROPE - CXE - OFF-BOOK TRADE REPORTS.
ORDER MATCHING SERVICE AT PRE-DEFINED PRICE LEVELS
OFF BOOK, ON-EXCHANGE SYSTEM FOR CFDS AND EQUITIES.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER FOR HUNGARIAN GMT BONDS.
REGISTERED ATS DARK POOL FOR EQUITIES. CITICROSS ATS CEASED OPERATIONS ON APRIL 30, 2019.
CIMD S.V. S.A. - APPROVED PUBLICATION ARRANGEMENT
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR BONDS INSTRUMENTS.
CIMD S.V. S.A. - OTF FOR ENERGY DERIVATIVES
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR ENERGY DERIVATIVES INSTRUMENTS.
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR DERIVATIVES INSTRUMENTS.
MARKET FOR TRADING AND AUCTIONING ENVIRONMENTAL COMMODITIES AND ENERGY CONTRACTS
FULLY INTEGRATED FUTURES EXECUTION PLATFORM REGULATED BY THE MONETARY AUTHORITY OF SINGAPORE AS A RMO). IT ALSO OFFERS AN ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR OTC CLEARED COMMODITY SWAPS WHICH IS FULLY INTEGRATED TO PARTNER CLEARING HOUSES.
CM CAPITAL MARKETS BROKERAGE, SOCIEDAD DE VALORES, S.A. APPROVED PUBLICATION ARRANGEMENT (APA).
CLEAR MARKETS JAPAN, INC. OFFERS ELECTRONIC TRADING SERVICES FOR BOTH CLEARED AND NON-CLEARED SWAPS IN JAPAN.
ON-DEMAND AUCTION BASED ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM (DARK) OFFERING TWO AUCTION TYPES.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR ENERGY TRACKING CERTIFICATES.
CITIGROUP AGENCY OPTION AND EQUITIES ROUTING ENGINE
US BROKER DEALER PROVIDING AGENCY ROUTING FOR EQUITIES AND OPTIONS.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR TRADING IN UNLISTED COMPANIES AND EMPLOYEE OWNERSHIP SERVICES.
CLEARCORP DEALING SYSTEMS INDIA LIMITED - CROMS
ANONYMOUS ORDER MATCHING (MARKET REPO PLATFORM).
CREDIT SUISSE EQUITIES (AUSTRALIA) LIMITED
CREDIT SUISSE AES EUROPE BENCHMARK CROSS
CREDIT SUISSE SECURITIES (HONG KONG) LIMITED
CREDIT SUISSE INTERNATIONAL - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
CLEARING HOUSE FOR EQUITY, FIXED INCOME AND COMMODITIES DERIVATIVES
FOREIGN EXCHANGE ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION NETWORK (ECN).
CBOE AUSTRALIA - LARGE IN SCALE BIDS TRADING VENUE - BLOCK TRADES.
CBOE AUSTRALIA MARKET PEG (FARPOINT) VENUE
CBOE AUSTRALIA - BIDS PRICE IMPROVEMENT VENUE
CBOE AUSTRALIA LARGE IN SCALE BIDS VENUE - TRADES WITH PRICE IMPROVEMENT.
CBOE AUSTRALIA PRIMARY PEG (NEARPOINT) VENUE
CBOE AUSTRALIA - TRANSFERABLE CUSTODY RECEIPT MARKET
ELECTRONIC MARKET FOR FIXED INCOME PRODUCTS.
ELECTRONIC MARKET FOR CREDIT PRODUCTS. CXRT HAS BEEN DEACTIVATED FROM MAY 2014 TO 26 JANUARY 2015(IMPLEMENTATION DATE).
MIC TO IDENTIFY DARK MIDPOINT PEGGED TRANSACTIONS. NOT TO BE USED FOR REGULATORY REPORTING PURPOSES.
DEUTSCHE BANK AG MARKET SEGMENT MARKET CODE FOR THE CENTRAL RISK BOOK AS PER MMT2 STANDARD DEFINITION PROPOSED BY FIXPROTOCOL.ORG AND SUPPORTED BY EUROPEAN TDM'S(HTTP://WWW.BATSTRADING.CO.UK/BXTR/)
DEUTSCHE BANK AG MARKET SEGMENT MARKET CODE FOR CLOSE CROSS AS PER MMT2 STANDARD DEFINITION PROPOSED BY FIXPROTOCOL.ORG AND SUPPORTED BY EUROPEAN TDM'S(HTTP://WWW.BATSTRADING.CO.UK/BXTR/)
DEUTSCHE BANK AG MARKET SEGMENT MARKET CODE FOR DCA AS PER MMT2 STANDARD DEFINITION PROPOSED BY FIXPROTOCOL.ORG AND SUPPORTED BY EUROPEAN TDM'S(HTTP://WWW.BATSTRADING.CO.UK/BXTR/)
DEUTSCHE BANK AG - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM FOR TRADING ASIAN EXCHANGE TRADED EQUITY PRODUCTS.
DEUTSCHE BANK AG MARKET SEGMENT MARKET CODE FOR MANUAL OTC FILLS AS PER MMT2 STANDARD DEFINITION PROPOSED BY FIXPROTOCOL.ORG AND SUPPORTED BY EUROPEAN TDM'S(HTTP://WWW.BATSTRADING.CO.UK/BXTR/)
DEUTSCHE BANK AG ELECTRONIC OFF EXCHANGE TRADING PLATFORM.
DEUTSCHE BANK AG MARKET SEGMENT MARKET CODE FOR SUPERX EU AS PER MMT2 STANDARD DEFINITION PROPOSED BY FIXPROTOCOL.ORG AND SUPPORTED BY EUROPEAN TDM'S(HTTP://WWW.BATSTRADING.CO.UK/BXTR/)
REGISTERED ATS FOR EQUITIES. THIS MIC CODE IS A GLOBAL PRODUCT WITH HAVING A PRESENCE IN US (NEW YORK), UK (LONDON) AND APAC (HONG KONG).
MTF FOR MONEY MARKET PRODUCTS - PLATFORM NOT LAUNCHED BY MARKET ORGANISATION
INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE FOR THE LISTING AND TRADING IN DOMESTIC- AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES.
MULTI-BANK ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR FX OPTIONS
DUBAI GOLD AND COMMODITIES EXCHANGE DMCC
ON TUESDAY 18TH NOVEMBER, 2008, THE DUBAI INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKET WAS REBRANDED AS NASDAQ DUBAI.
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - DANISH EQ DERIVATIVES
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - DANISH FI DERIVATIVES
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - OTC DKK WB EQ DERIVATIVES
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - DKK WB EQ DERIVATIVES
MIC TO IDENTIFY DARK MID-POINT PEGGED TRANSACTIONS. NOT TO BE USED FOR TRANSACTION REPORTING PURPOSES.
NORDIC@MID DARK POOL FOR FIRST NORTH DENMARK
NORDIC@MID DARK POOL FOR FIRST NORTH FINLAND
NORDIC@MID DARK POOL FOR FIRST NORTH ICELAND
NORDIC@MID DARK POOL FOR FIRST NORTH SWEDEN
OTC DERIVATIVES AVAILABLE TO THE SWISS MARKET USING THE CATS PLATFORM IN ASSOCIATION WITH SWISSQUOTE BANK. THE OWNER OF CATS HAS CHANGED FROM CITIGROUP TO BOERSE STUTTGART.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY (MTF) FOR BONDS AND DERIVATIVES.
DAIWA EQUITIES ELECTRONIC CROSSING PLATFORM
DOHA SECURITIES MARKET CHANGED TO QATAR EXCHANGE.
BOERSE DUESSELDORF - QUOTRIX - REGULIERTER MARKT
REGISTERED FOR FOREIGN EXCHANGE OPTIONS AND OTC FX DERIVATIVES.
ELECTRONIC PLATFORM FOR TRADING IN SWAPS AND DERIVATIVES.
ELECTRONIC AUCTION TRADING PLATFORM FOR CASH-RICH INVESTORS TO ENTER SECURED MONEY MARKETS INVESTMENTS VIA TRI-PARTY REPO MECHANISM
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - EUR FI DERIVATIVES
EBS MARKET- CLOB - FOR THE TRADING OF SPOT FX, PRECIOUS METALS AND OTHER FX PRODUCTS
EBS MTF - RFQ - FOR THE TRADING OF FX PRODUCTS
EBS MTF - RFQ - FOR ASSET MANAGERS TRADING FX PRODUCTS
EBS MTF - CLOB - FOR THE TRADING OF FX PRODUCTS
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FX DERIVATIVES.
EBS SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED - ALL MARKETS
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR FX DERIVATIVES.
APPROVED CLEARING HOUSE UNDER MONETARY AUTHORITY OF SINGAPORE (MAS) REGULATION.
REFINITIV TRANSACTION SERVICES LIMITED - FX SPOT ECN
CBOE EDGX U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE NON-DISPLAYED.
CBOE EDGA U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE NON-DISPLAYED.
REGISTERED MARKET FOR FUTURES AND OPTIONS.
EQUITY EXPRESS SECURITIES EXCHANGE (EESE)
AQUIS EXCHANGE PLC AQUIS - EIX INFRASTRUCTURE BOND MARKET
NASDAQ OSLO ASA - EUROPEAN POWER AND GAS DERIVATIVES
PLATFORM FOR SECURITIES FINANCING TRANSACTIONS.
NASDAQ OSLO ASA - NORDIC POWER DERIVATIVES AND EUROPEAN UNION ALLOWANCES
NASDAQ OSLO ASA - SWEDISH ELECTRICITY CERTIFICATE
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR EMERGING MARKET FIXED INCOME BOND.
PLATFORM FOR EMERGING MARKETS SECURITIES
MARKET FOR THE TRADING OF MULTI-CURRENCY DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
E-MID - BANCA D'ITALIA SHARES TRADING MARKET
MARKET FOR THE NATIONAL CENTRAL BANK (BANCA D'ITALIA) SHARES.
MARKET FOR INTERBANK DEPOSITS IN EUROPE.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR REPO TRADES.
MIAX EMERALD: ELECTRONIC TRADING FOR DERIVATIVES.
LCH.CLEARNET ENCLEAR PROVIDES AN OTC CLEARING SERVICE FOR VARIOUS COMMODITY PRODUCTS INCLUDING FREIGHT, CONTAINERS, EMISSIONS, IRON ORE, FERTILISER AND COAL.
REGISTERED ORGANIZED MARKET PLACE (OMP) IN THE CAPACITY OF AN ENERGY BROKER PLATFORM.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR WARRANTS AND CERTIFICATES
INTERNET-BASED BULLETIN BOARD FOR POSTING INDICATIONS OF INTEREST IN BUYING AND SELLING OTC DERIVATIVES, PRIMARILY FOCUSED ON CREDIT DEFAULT SWAPS.
EUROPEAN POWER EXCHANGE (DAY AHEAD AND INTRADAY MARKETS FOR ELECTRICITY IN CENTRAL EUROPE).
MIAX PEARL: ELECTRONIC TRADING FOR EQUITIES NON-DISPLAYED (DARK) EXECUTIONS.
MIAX PEARL: ELECTRONIC TRADING FOR EQUITIES.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY (MTF) FOR SECURITIES FINANCING.
BOERSE BERLIN EQUIDUCT TRADING - REGULIERTER MARKT
BOERSE BERLIN EQUIDUCT TRADING - BERLIN SECOND REGULATED MARKET
BOERSE BERLIN EQUIDUCT TRADING - FREIVERKEHR
NOT IN USE ANYMORE - MARKET FOR EQUITIES WORLDWIDE
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER FOR BONDS ISSUED BY THE HELLENIC REPUBLIC.
ELECTRONIC FIXED INCOME TRADING PLATFORM.
ELECTRONIC ETF, ETC/ETN AND OPEN-END FUNDS MARKET
ELECTRONIC PLATFORM TO TRADE SPOT ENERGY CONTRACTS.
ETS EURASIAN TRADING SYSTEM COMMODITY EXCHANGE
THE REGIONAL FINANCIAL CENTRE OF ALMATY CITY (RFCA) AND OJSC "RUSSIAN TRADING SYSTEM" STOCK EXCHANGE HAVE SET UP A COMMODITY EXCHANGE, JSC "EURASIAN TRADING SYSTEM" HEADQUARTERED IN ALMATY, KAZAKHSTAN.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR EMISSION ALLOWANCES (EUAS).
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - OTC EUR WB EQ DERIVATIVES
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - EUR WB EQ DERIVATIVES
TURKISH MERCANTILE EXCHANGE - ELECTRONIC WAREHOUSE RECEIPT MARKET
WIENER BOERSE AG, AUSTRIAN ENERGY EXCHANGE
BID-OFFER CROSSING NETWORK TO BE OPERATED BY EXANE BNP PARIBAS.
EXCP IS THE IDENTIFIER TO BE USED FOR CLIENT EXECUTIONS EXECUTED UNDER EXANE'S CLOSING PRICE MECHANISM.
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - DIRECT CAPITAL ACCESS
OPERATING MIC COVERING THE CROSSING MECHANISMS OPERATED BY EXANE BNP PARIBAS.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY DEDICATED TO DYNAMIC AND COMPETITIVE SMES, WHICH ARE LOOKING FOR CAPITAL TO FINANCE THEIR GROWTH.
EUROPEAN MID-POINT CROSSING NETWORK OPERATED BY EXANE BNP PARIBAS.
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - CHILD ORDER CROSSING
SMART ORDER ROUTING CROSSING MECHANISM OPERATED BY EXANE BNP PARIBAS.
STARTING FROM 22ND JUNE 2009 EXPANDI WILL MERGE IN MTA MARKETS (MTAA)
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
EXSI IS THE IDENTIFIER TO BE USED FOR CLIENT EXECUTIONS EXECUTED UNDER THE SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER REGIME BY EXANE BNP PARIBAS.
LICENSED ENERGY MARKET OPERATOR FOR DAY AHEAD/INTRADAY ELECTRICITY MARKETS AND ESTABLISHMENT OF NATURAL GAS MARKET.
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - VOLUME PROFILE CROSSING
CROSSING MECHANISM OPERATED BY EXANE BNP PARIBAS WHERE A BUY AND A SELL ORDER HAVE OPPOSITE VOLUME PROFILES FOR AN INTERVAL OF TIME.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR OTC FOREIGN EXCHANGE PRODUCTS.
FINSTREET GLOBAL MARKETS - PRIVATE MARKET
FINANCIAL INFORMATION CONTRIBUTORS EXCHANGE
GLOBAL, CLOUD BASED PLATFORM FOR CONTRIBUTORS INFORMATION EXCHANGE IN REAL-TIME.
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - FINNISH EQ DERIVATIVES
FINRA/NASDAQ TRF CHICAGO (TRADE REPORTING FACILITY)
FINRA/NASDAQ TRF CARTERET (TRADE REPORTING FACILITY)
FINRA HAS TWO TRF PARTICIPANTS, NYSE AND NASDAQ.
FINRA/NYSE TRF (TRADE REPORTING FACILITY)
INTRODUCING BROKER FOR EXCHANGE TRADED DERIVATIVES CONTRACTS.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER.RESERVED FOR FUTURE USE.
FIRST NORTH IS OPERATED BY NASDAQ. FIRST NORTH IS A NORDIC ALTERNATIVE MTF MARKETPLACE FOR TRADING SHARES AND OTHER TYPES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS.
BOERSE FRANKFURT - REGULIERTERMARKT - OFF-BOOK
BOERSE FRANKFURT - FREIVERKEHR - OFF-BOOK
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY REGULATED MARKET.
TURKISH MERCANTILE EXCHANGE - FUTURES MARKET
FLOW TRADERS DISCLOSED LIQUIDITY PROVISION THROUGH LEVEL ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM (ATS).
CLEARCORP DEALING SYSTEMS INDIA LIMITED - FX-CLEAR
FX-CLEAR, A FOREX DEALING SYSTEM, OFFERS BOTH ORDER MATCHING AND NEGOTIATION MODES FOR DEALING COVERS INTER-BANK USD-INR SPOT AND SWAP TRANSACTIONS AND TRANSACTIONS IN MAJOR CROSS CURRENCIES.
REGISTERED AND REGULATED MARKET FOR OTC FOREIGN EXCHANGE OPTIONS TRADING. MARKET FOR SPOT FX AND OPTIONS.
FINANCIAL AND RISK TRANSACTIONS SERVICES IRELAND LIMITED - FORWARDS MATCHING
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY (MTF) FOR OTC DERIVATIVES.
FXMARKETSPACE SUSPENDED TRADING OPERATIONS ON OCTOBER 17, 2008
REFINITIV SWAP EXECUTION FACILITY RFS SEGMENT.
FINANCIAL AND RISK TRANSACTIONS SERVICES IRELAND LIMITED - FXALL RFQ MTF
FXALL REQUEST FOR QUOTE (RFQ) MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY (MTF).
FINANCIAL AND RISK TRANSACTIONS SERVICES IRELAND LIMITED - FXALL RFS MTF
FXALL REQUEST FOR STREAM MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY.
CLEARCORP DEALING SYSTEMS INDIA LIMITED - FX-SWAP
FX-SWAP, A FOREX SWAP DEALING SYSTEM, OFFERS AN ORDER MATCHING SYSTEM FOR FOREX SWAPS. THE PLATFORM OFFERS SWAP INSTRUMENTS EXTENDING UP TO 12 MONTHS.
WHOLESALE MARKET MAKER IN NMS AND OTC EQUITY SECURITIES
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - OTC GBP WB EQ DERIVATIVES
MULTI-ASSET CLASS EXCHANGE PROVIDING AN ELECTRONIC PLATFORM FOR TRADING ON COMMODITY DERIVATIVES, CURRENCY DERIVATIVES, EQUITY, EQUITY DERIVATIVES AND BONDS.
BULGARIAN STOCK EXCHANGE - SME GROWTH MARKET BEAM
BULGARIAN STOCK EXCHANGE SME GROWTH MARKET.
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - GBP WB EQ DERIVATIVES
GEMMA (GILT EDGED MARKET MAKERSASSOCIATION)
LITHUANIAN NATURAL GAS EXCHANGE FOR PHYSICAL DELIVERY PRODUCTS TRADING.
ADDITIONAL PRODUCTS: DRY FREIGHT DERIVATIVES AND UK GAS TRADING
ELECTRONIC PLATFORM FOR TRADING INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES.
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL PARIS BRANCH
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR SECURITIES FINANCING TRANSACTIONS.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR CRYPTOCURRENCIES.
TRADING CEASED AS OF 29TH JUNE 2012. MARKET WILL NOT BE REACTIVATED.
ISE GEMINI EXCHANGE IS A NATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE REGISTERED WITH THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION. ISE GEMINI EXCHANGE WILL FACILITATE THE ELECTRONIC TRADING OF EQUITY AND INDEX OPTIONS.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR EURO DENOMINATED GOVERNMENT AND CORPORATE BONDS.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR OTC EQUITY SECURITIES.
TRADING PLATFORM FOR US TREASURY SECURITIES - OPERATED BY STATE STREET
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL CONTRACTS.
TRADING VENUE FOR EUROPEAN ENERGY MARKETS.
THE GREEN STOCK EXCHANGE - ACB IMPACT MARKETS
MARKETPLACE FOR SUSTAINABLE SECURITIES (SECURITIES, BONDS, COMMODITIES)
GFI SWAPS EXCHANGE, LLC - SECURITY BASED SWAPS
SWAPS EXECUTION FACILITY - SECURITIY BASED SWAPS
THE GUYANA ASSOCIATION OF SECURITIES COMPANIES AND INTERMEDIARIES INC.
THIS COMPANY IS THE LOCAL STOCK EXCHANGE THAT ORGANISES AND SUPERVISES THE STOCK MARKET IN GUYANA.
GOLDMAN SACHS BANK EUROPE SE - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL PARIS BRANCH - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNAL NETTING FACILITY.
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNAL CROSSING FACILITY.
EU REGULATED MARKET FOR TECHNICAL LISTINGS IN COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEMES.
REGISTERED ATS FOR TRADING US CASH EQUITIES. FINRA MEMBER AND REG ATS ON FILE WITH THE SEC
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR EQUITIES AND BONDS.
BOERSE HAMBURG - LANG AND SCHWARZ EXCHANGE
BOERSE HAMBURG - LANG AND SCHWARZ EXCHANGE - REGULIERTER MARKT
BOERSE HAMBURG - LANG AND SCHWARZ EXCHANGE - FREIVERKEHR
BOERSE HANNOVER - REGULIERTER MARKT - ELECTRONIC TRADING
BOERSE HANNOVER - FREIVERKEHR - ELECTRONIC TRADING
MTF FOR CERTIFICATES AND COVERED WARRANT.
CENTRAL COUNTER PARTY FOR EXCHANGE TRADED DERIVATIVES
ELECTRONIC SECONDARY SECURITIES MARKET (HDAT)
HENEX FINANCIAL ENERGY MARKET - DERIVATIVES MARKET
HKMEX HAS CEASED ITS ACTIVITIES IN MAY 2013.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY ORDER DRIVEN FOR EQUITIES.
THE HELLENIC EXCHANGE OTC MARKET IS THE OVER-THE-COUNTER ELECTRONIC TRADING MARKET FOR ATHENS EXCHANGE.
WHOLESALE MARKET MAKER FOR NMS EQUITIES. ELECTRONIC TRADING SERVICES FOR OTHER BROKER-DEALER CLIENTS.
MTF FOR BONDS BASED ON RFQ NEGOTIATION MODEL.
HUDSON RIVER TRADING - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
HANOI SECURITIES TRADING CENTRE HAS BECOME THE HANOI STOCK EXCHANGE IN JANUARY 2009.
TRADING PLATFORM WHICH IS SPECIFICALLY TRADING ASIA PACIFIC CASH EQUITIES WITH THE FOCUS OF HONG KONG CASH EQUITIES.
MTS HUNGARY IS A DIVISION OF EUROMTS AND TRADES GOVIES BONDS.
IATS IS AN ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM OPERATED PURSUANT TO REGULATION ATS BY INTERACTIVE BROKERS LLC.
INDEPENDENT SUBSIDIARY OF THE ICE, RESPONSIBLE FOR THE END-TO-END ADMINISTRATION OF BENCHMARKS.
ELECTRONIC TRADING (SINGLE DEALER PLATFORM).
IBEX WAS ESTABLISHED JANUARY 2014, AS A FULLY-OWNED SUBSIDIARY OF THE BULGARIAN ENERGY HOLDING EAD. IBEX HOLDS A 10-YEAR LICENSE BY THE STATE ENERGY AND WATER REGULATORY COMMISSION TO ORGANIZING A POWER EXCHANGE FOR ELECTRICITY IN BULGARIA.
TRADING PLATFORM FOR THE IBERIAN GAS MARKET.
VOLUME-TRIGGERED, MULTI-PARTY DARK CONTINUOUS BLOCK CROSSING ATS FOR US EQUITIES.
BULGARIAN STOCK EXCHANGE - INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS
MTF - ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR OTC DERIVATIVES
CONTINUOUS BLOCK CROSSING DESTINATION FOR US EQUITIES.
INDONESIA COMMODITY AND DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE
COMMODITY DERIVATIVES, INCLUDING THREE MAJOR GROUPS OF COMMODITIES: METALS, SOFT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, AND ENERGY.
INTERCONTINENTAL EXCHANGE - ICE FUTURES EUROPE
CALL MARKET CROSS PRICED AT THE DAY'S VWAP FOR US EQUITIES.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR OTC OIL SWAPS.
NEW YORK BOARD OF TRADE (NYBOT) IS RENAMED IN ICE FUTURES US. XNYF IS CHANGED INTO ICUS (ALREADY CREATED IN MAY 08 - V48) AS PER EXCHANGE REQUEST
INDIAN COMMODITY EXCHANGE LTD IS A SCREEN BASED ON-LINE DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE FOR COMMODITIES.
REGISTERED ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM (ATS) FOR FIXED INCOME STRUCTURED PRODUCTS.
EBS MTF - RFQ - FX PRODUCTS FOR ASSET MANAGERS
ICAP ENERGY LTD OTF - EUROPEAN COMMODITIES AND ENERGY DERIVATIVES
OTF FOR TRADING OF EUROPEAN COMMODITIES AND ENERGY DERIVATIVES.
TP ICAP E. AND C. OTF - ICAP COMMODITIES AND ENERGY DERIVATIVES
OTF FOR THE TRADING OF COMMODITIES AND ENERGY DERIVATIVES.
PLATFORM FOR OTC TRADE IN NATURAL GAS AND ELECTRICITY.
IEOS IS AN ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM OPERATED PURSUANT TO REGULATION ATS BY INTERACTIVE BROKERS LLC.
ELECTRONIC PLATFORM TO TRADE FUTURES AND OPTIONS PRODUCTS.
ELECTRONIC PLATFORM TO TRADE FUTURES AND OPTIONS PRODUCTS. IFCA REPLACES MIC XWCE.
ICE FUTURES EUROPE - OIL AND REFINED PRODUCTS DIVISION
ICE FUTURES EUROPE - FINANCIAL PRODUCTS DIVISION
ICE FUTURES EUROPE - EQUITY PRODUCTS DIVISION
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY (OTF) FOR OTC DERIVATIVES. NOT LIVE YET.
ICE FUTURES EUROPE - AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS DIVISION
INSTITUTIONAL FINANCIAL SECURITIES MARKET
PROFESSIONAL INVESTOR MARKET FOR ASSET BACKED SECURITIES, BONDS, DERIVATIVES AND SECURITISED PRODUCTS
ELECTRONIC PLATFORM TO TRADE FUTURES AND OPTIONS PRODUCTS. IFUS REPLACES MIC ICUS.
ICE FUTURES EUROPE - EUROPEAN UTILITIES DIVISION
MTF/SEF FOR THE TRADING OF INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES.
INDIA INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE (IFSC) LIMITED
ELECTRONIC PLATFORM TO TRADE FUTURES, OPTIONS AND OTC AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR CREDIT DERIVATIVES.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR CASH EQUITY.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR COMMODITIES.
ELECTRONIC PLATFORM TO TRADE CREDIT PRODUCTS.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR EQUITY DERIVATIVES.
ELECTRONIC PLATFORM TO TRADE ENERGY PRODUCTS.
ELECTRONIC PLATFORM TO TRADE EQUITY PRODUCTS.
TP ICAP UK MTF - EXCHANGE TRADED PRODUCTS
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR EXCHANGE-TRADED FUNDS.
TP ICAP UK MTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING GILTS
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING GILTS.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR GILTS.
ELECTRONIC PLATFORM TO TRADE CURRENCY PRODUCTS.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER. EFFECTIVE MERGER DATE IS ON 20 JULY 2020.
TP ICAP UK MTF - MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS.
TP ICAP UK MTF - INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES.
TP ICAP UK MTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITIES DEBT
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT.
FULLY OWNED SUBSIDIARY COMPANY OF NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE OF INDIA LIMITED (NSE).
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER - LIVE IN JANUARY 2018.
OTF FOR THE TRADING OF CREDIT DERIVATIVES.
OTF FOR THE TRADING OF EQUITY DERIVATIVES.
ICAP SECURITIES OTF - BUTLER FX DERIVATIVES
ICAP UK OTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT
OTF FOR THE TRADING OF CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT.
ICAP UK OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING UK GILTS
OTF FOR THE TRADING OF GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING UK GILTS.
ICAP UK OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS - UK GILTS
OTF FOR THE TRADING OF GOVERNMENT BONDS - UK GILTS.
OTF FOR THE TRADING OF INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES.
OTF FOR THE TRADING OF MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS.
ISWAP EURO MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES.
REGISTERED MARKET FOR COMMERCIAL PROPERTY EQUITY.
REGISTERED MARKET FOR EQUITIES IN COMMERCIAL PROPERTY.
SCREEN SERVICE FOR SWAP RATES FOR SWAP TRANSACTIONS WORLDWIDE.
ICAP SECURITIES AND DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE LIMITED
MIC TO USE IS NEXX AND RELATED SEGMENT MICS.
INTER-CONNECTED STOCK EXCHANGE OF INDIA LTD
AUTHORISED MTF FOR OF EURO INTEREST RATE SWAPS.
ICAP GLOBAL DERIVATIVES LIMITED - ELECTRONIC
MTF/SEF FOR THE TRADING OF INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES - CLOB.
ISWAP EURO MTF - TARGETED STREAMING / RFQ
MTF/SEF FOR THE TRADING OF INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES - VOICE / RFQ.
AIM ITALIA - MERCATO ALTERNATIVO DEL CAPITALE
COMBINATION OF SME MARKETS OF AIM ITALIA AND MAC IN ITALY.
INTERNATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE SAINT-PETERSBOURG
SECURITIES MARKETS, IPO. REGISTRED IN APRIL 2007
DELETED DUE TO ORGANIZATIONAL MERGER OF OSE AND JASDAQ.
BULGARIAN STOCK EXCHANGE - INTERNATIONAL MTF
INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS OF MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY, ORGANIZED BY BULGARIAN STOCK EXCHANGE.
JEFFERIES INTERNATIONAL - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
JEFFERIES EUROPE - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
MARKET MAKING PLATFORM FOR US EQUITIES OPERATED BY JUMP EXECUTION, LLC.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER FOR EU EQUITIES OPERATED BY JUMP TRADING EUROPE B.V.
MULTI-ASSET PLATFORM FOR SECURITIES, FUTURES, AND FX.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER FOR EU EQUITIES.
REGISTERED SEF FOR INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES. BOUGHT BY BATS HOTSPOT FX (MIC: BHSF).
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM (JANE STREET CAPITAL LLC)
PURELY BROKER NEUTRAL CROSSING POOL FOR JAPANESE EQUITIES.
QUINTET PRIVATE BANK (EUROPE) S.A. - EURO COMMERCIAL PAPERS
QUINTET PRIVATE BANK (EUROPE) S.A. - STRUCTURED PRODUCTS
QUINTET PRIVATE BANK (EUROPE) S.A. - FX TREASURY DERIVATIVES
CENTRAL COUNTERPARTY OF THE BUDAPEST STOCK EXCHANGE, MTS HUNGARY PLATFORM, CENTRAL EASTERN EUROPEAN GAS EXCHANGE.
KDPW_CCP CLEARED OVER THE COUNTER (OTC) TRADES
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR SWISS EQUITIES (OTC).
KCM PRIMARILY OPERATES AS A MARKET-MAKER IN THE OVER-THE-COUNTER MARKET FOR NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE AND AMERICAN STOCK EXCHANGE LISTED SECURITIES.
KEM OPERATES AS A MARKET-MAKER IN OVER-THE-COUNTER EQUITY SECURITIES, PRIMARILY THOSE TRADED IN THE NASDAQ STOCK MARKET AND ON THE OTC BULLETIN BOARD.
ELECTRONIC MARKET MAKER, ALTERNATIVE LIQUIDITY PROVIDER FOR US AND EUROPEAN STOCKS
REGISTERED DIGITAL ASSET EXCHANGE MARKET, REGULATED BY ADGM FINANCIAL SERVICES REGULATORY AUTHORITY (FSRA).
US ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION NETWORK (ECN) FOR EQUITIES TRADING.
EQUITIES HOSTED POOL VIA INTELLIGENT CROSS.
RBC CAPITAL MARKETS LLC - TRAJECTORY CROSS
LAKE TRAJECTORY CROSS VIA LEVEL ATS - EQUITIES.
SWAP EXECUTION FACILITY FOR LATIN AMERICA OTC DERIVATIVES
GENERAL MIC FOR LANDESBANK BADEN-WUERTTEMBERG (LBBW).
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER. REGISTERED MARKET FOR LLOYDS BANK CORPORATE MARKET.
LLOYDS BANK CORPORATE MARKETS WERTPAPIERHANDELSBANK GMBH
LBBW - LANDESBANK BADEN-WUERTTEMBERG - LIQUIDITY PROVIDER
LBBW - LANDESBANK BADEN-WUERTTEMBERG - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
LDFX IS THE CURRENEX (MIC: XCUR) LONDON MATCHING ENGINE.
TRADING AND CLEARING PLATFORM FOR DIGITAL CURRENCY DERIVATIVES.
REGISTERED MARKET FOR EQUITIES, ELECTRONIC TRADING.
TP ICAP UK MTF - LIQUIDNET CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITIES DEBT
TO BE USED FOR EXECUTIONS RESULTING FROM CBOE EUROPE LIS SERVICE.
TO BE USED FOR EXECUTIONS RESULTING FROM CBOE EU LIS SERVICE.
US REGISTERED BROKER DEALER OPERATING TWO ATS AND OFFERING TRADING AND ALGORITHMIC TRADING SERVICES
LIECHTENSTEINISCHE LANDESBANK (OSTERREICH) AG
LMAX ALLOWS THE BENEFIT OF DIRECT ACCESS TO FINANCIAL MARKETS AND ALSO FACILITATES MTF WHERE TRADES ARE ENTERED DIRECTLY INTO THE MARKET AS ORDERS AND ALSO ACCESS FIVE LEVELS OF MARKET DEPTH WHERE THE BOOK IS WEIGHTED BETWEEN BUYERS AND SELLERS.
FSA REGULATED MTF FOR RETAIL CLIENTS TO TRADE CFDS UNDERLYINGS IN MULTIPLE ASSETS CLASSES INCLUDING EQUITIES.
REGULATED MTF FOR CFDS IN MULTIPLE ASSETS CLASSES INCLUDING FX AND CASH-SETTLED DERIVATIVES.
FSA REGULATED MTF FOR RETAIL CLIENTS TO TRADE CFDS UNDERLYINGS IN MULTIPLE ASSETS CLASSES INCLUDING INDICES/RATES/COMMODITIES.
FSA REGULATED MTF FOR RETAIL CLIENTS TO TRADE CFDS.
TP ICAP EU - MTF - LIQUIDNET EU FIXED INCOME
SERVICE COMPANY PROVIDING TRADEABLE OTC DERIVATIVE PRODUCTS
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR U.S. TREASURY SECURITIES.
LIQUIFI IS AN ATS UNDER THE OPERATING MIC CGMI
ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM (ATS) OPERATED BY BARCLAYS SECURITIES JAPAN LIMITED.
LYNX ATS IS A REGISTERED MARKET FOR THE FULLY ELECTRONIC TRADING OF EQUITIES AND FIXED INCOME.
MERGE OF AIM ITALIA AND MAC, MAC WILL BE OPENED TILL END 2012. AFTER, XAIM WILL BE THE MIC TO USE.
REGISTERED ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM FOR EQUITIES.
MARKETAXESS SINGAPORE PTE LIMITED - LIVE MARKETS
REGISTERED MARKET FOR DEBT AND EQUITIES.
MACQUARIE BANK EUROPE DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY
MERCADO ALTERNATIVO DE RENTA FIJA (MARF)
ALTERNATIVE FIXED INCOME MARKET FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES ISSUES.
DARK TRADING BOOK OF THE CBOE CANADA INC. EXCHANGE.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER IN FX DERIVATIVES AND STRUCTURED PRODUCTS.
MORGAN STANLEY BANK INTERNATIONAL LIMITED - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR EQUITIES, BONDS, DERIVATIVES.
ISE MERCURY WILL BE A NATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE REGISTERED WITH THE US SEC. ISE MERCURY WILL FACILITATE THE ELECTRONIC TRADING OF EQUITY AND INDEX OPTIONS. TARGETED LAUNCH: FIRST HALF OF 2015.
NASDAQ COPENHAGEN A/S - AUCTION ON DEMAND
METROPOLITAN STOCK EXCHANGE OF INDIA LIMITED
MTS CZECH REPUBLIC IS A DOMESTIC MARKET WHERE IT WILL BE POSSIBLE TO TRADE GOVIES BONDS IN LOCAL CURRENCY.
MTS PORTUGAL IS OPERATING AS A DIVISION OF EUROMTS SINCE 30 JUNE 2014
MACQUARIE SECURITIES DARK POOL FOR TRADING AUSTRALIAN EQUITIES.
MACQUARIE CAPITAL SECURITIES DARK POOL FOR TRADING HK EQUITIES.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - DARK POOL
REGISTERED MARKET FOR BONDS ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS.
MORGAN STANLEY EUROPE S.E. - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
THE MESDAQ IS DESIGNED FOR HIGH-GROWTH COMPANIES AND TECHNOLOGY INTENSIVE INDUSTRIES.
FINANCIAL CONDUCT AUTHORITY REGULATED MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR FX SPOT, FORWARD, SWAP TRADING.
UK FINANCIAL CONDUCT AUTHORITY REGULATED MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR FX SPOT, FORWARD, SWAP TRADING.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER IN FX DERIVATIVES.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER . LICENCE APPLIED FOR TO PROVIDE POST-BREXIT INVESTMENT SERVICES TO EU CLIENTS. ANTICIPATED SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER IN BONDS.
ANTICIPATED SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER FOR BONDS.
REGULATED MARKET OPERATOR FOR THE ORGANISED GAS MARKET IN SPAIN.
MITSUBISHI UFJ INVESTOR SERVICES AND BANKING
HOLDINGS COMPANY FOR MIAX EXCHANGES AND OTHER ENTITIES.
EQUITIES, BONDS, CURRENCIES, MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS, COMMODITIES AND MOEX BOARD.
THE MIV, DEDICATED TO INVESTMENT VEHICLES, IS DIVIDED INTO THREE SEGMENTS: UNITS OF CLOSED-END FUNDS SEGMENT, INVESTMENT COMPANIES SEGMENT, REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES SEGMENT (REICS FROM THE EXPANDI MARKET). RENAMED INTO EURONEXT MIV MILAN
REGISTERED ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM (ATS) FOR FIXED INCOME SECURITIES.
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH AUCTION CROSS
USED FOR HIGH TOUCH AND 'DIRECT TO CAPITAL' EXECUTIONS.
BOFA SECURITIES EUROPE - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH OTC - EUROPE
MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL BANK DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY
MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH VWAP CROSS - EUROPE
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH VWAP CROSS
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH INSTINCT X - EUROPE
POINT IN TIME CROSSES THAT ALLOWS PARTICIPANTS TO CROSS MOC ORDERS FOR US EQUITIES.
FIRST NORTH SWEDEN - NORWAY AUCTION ON DEMAND
MIAX PEARL: ELECTRONIC TRADING FOR DERIVATIVES.
MORGAN STANLEY AUSTRALIA SECURITIES LIMITED
MORGAN STANLEY BANK INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
MORGAN STANLEY MTF - CONTINUOUS CROSS DARK
MICHAEL/STROM DOM MAKLERSKI SPOLKA AKCYJNA
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR COMMODITY DERIVATIVES, EMISSION ALLOWANCES AND EMISSION ALLOWANCE DERIVATIVES.
MORGAN STANLEY AND CO. INTERNATIONAL PLC
MORGAN STANLEY AUTOMATED LIQUIDITY PROVISION
MORGAN STANLEYS SECURITIES JOINT VENTURE WITH MITSUBISHI UFJ FINANCIAL GROUP IN JAPAN.
MORGAN STANLEY AND CO. INTERNATIONAL PLC - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
REGISTERED ATS FOR EQUITIES IN THE U.S. MIC TO USE: MSTX.
MUSCAT STOCK EXCHANGE - NON-LISTED INSTRUMENTS
RENAMED FROM "ELECTRONIC SHARE MARKET" TO "EURONEXT MILAN"
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR TRADING DURING EXTENDED HOURS (FOR ITALIAN AND INTL. SHARES, FROM 6PM TO 8:30PM MILAN TIME).
UNIFICATION OF MTA AND MTAX ON MARCH 3RD 2008. MTAA IS THE MIC TO USE.
FINANCIAL, CORPORATE AND COVERED BONDS TRADING PLATFORM FOR PROFESSIONAL INVESTORS.
REGISTERED MARKET FOR BONDS AND ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR FIXED INCOME PRODUCTS
LEGAL ENTITY OPERATING ALL RELATED MARKET SEGMENT MICS.
MARKETAXESS CORPORATION SINGLE-NAME CDS CENTRAL LIMIT ORDER
MARKETAXESS CORPORATION MID-X TRADING SYSTEM
BOERSE MUENCHEN - GETTEX - REGULIERTER MARKT
MITSUBISHI UFJ TRUST INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
MARKETAXESS EUROPE LIMITED - LIVE MARKETS
N2EX, THE UK MARKET OPERATED BY NASDAQ OMX COMMODITIES AND NORD POOL SPOT, IS A MARKETPLACE FOR PHYSICAL UK POWER CONTRACTS AND LAUNCH A PLATFORM FOR FINANCIAL FUTURES CONTRACTS.
NATIONAL AUSTRALIA BANK - FX DERIVATIVES AND FIXED INCOME SECURITIES
NAB EUROPE LIMITED - FIXED INCOME SECURITIES
ORGANIZING AND CONDUCTING TRADING OF THE FUTURES CONTRACTS ON THE COMMODITY SESSION.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY (MTF) FOR TRADING IN SECURITIES OF BALTIC COUNTRIES.
NASDAQ OMX NORDIC HAVE A MIC (XSTO) THAT SHOULD BE USED FOR REPORTING PURPOSES (INCLUDING THE DERIVATIVES MARKET)
REGISTERED MARKET FOR ELECTRONIC TRADING OF UNLISTED SECURITIES.
THE NOBLE MARKETS VENUE FOR CRYPTOGRAPHIC AND DIGITAL ASSETS.
REGISTERED FOR LISTED DERIVATIVES (OPTIONS AND FUTURES) TRADING - FORMERLY NATIONAL COMMODITY EXCHANGE LIMITED.
ELECTRONIC PLATFORM TO TRADE UK OCM GAS SPOT MARKET.
CLEARCORP DEALING SYSTEMS INDIA LIMITED - NDS-CALL
ELECTRONIC REQUEST FOR QUOTE (RFQ) (OWNED BY RBI).
CLEARCORP DEALING SYSTEMS INDIA LIMITED - NDS-OM
ANONYMOUS ORDER MATCHING (OWNED BY RBI).
ELECTRONIC PLATFORM TO TRADE EUROPEAN GAS SPOT.
NATIONAL EQUITIES EXCHANGE AND QUOTATIONS
FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES, CASH SETTLED FUTURES CONTRACTS. ELECTRONIC TRADING QND CLEARING
EBS MTF - RFQ - FOR CORPORATES TRADING FX PRODUCTS
TRADING PLATFORM FOR THE EXECUTION OF EQUITY, OPTION, FIXED INCOME, AND OTC SECURITIES.
NGX PROVIDES ELECTRONIC TRADING, CENTRAL COUNTERPARTY CLEARING AND DATA SERVICES TO THE NORTH AMERICAN NATURAL GAS AND ELECTRICITY MARKETS.
OFFICIAL PLATFORM FOR SUBMISSION OF NIBOR BASIS RATES AND DISTRIBUTION OF NIBOR FIXING RATES
THE EGYPTIAN EXCHANGE (EGX) LAUNCHED ON THURSDAY 3 JUNE 2010 THE FIRST TRADING SESSION IN THE NILE STOCK EXCHANGE (NILEX).
CLEARPOOL EXECUTION SERVICES, LLC - NATURAL LIQUIDITY ALLIANCE
NATIONAL MULTI-COMMODITY EXCHANGE OF INDIA
REGIONAL EXCHANGE CENTRE - MICEX VOLGA REGION
NNCS ORGANIZES THE TRADING (AND REPORTING) ON THE COMMODITY SESSION WHERE TRADES ARE EXECUTED SEPARATELY FROM THE MOSCOW OFFICE.
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - NORWEGIAN EQ DERIVATIVES
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - NORWEGIAN FI DERIVATIVES
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - OTC NOK WB EQ DERIVATIVES
NORD POOL SPOT AS ENERGY EXCHANGE FOR NORDIC PHYSICAL MARKETS.
CENTRAL COUNTER PARTY CLEARING HOUSE (CCP) FOR COMMODITY DERIVATIVES.
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - NOK WB EQ DERIVATIVES
PLATFORM FOR NEGOTIABLE EUROPEAN COMMERCIAL PAPERS (NEU CP).
GASPOINT NORDIC IS OPERATING A PLATFORM FOR CONTINUOUS ELECTRONIC TRADING OF GAS, DELIVERABLE TO THE ETF VIRTUAL TRADING POINT.
INTELLIGENTCROSS - NATURAL LIQUIDITY CROSS
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY - NASDAQ OMX EUROPE - NEW MIC
INTERNAL CONDITIONAL CROSSING PLATFORM FOR NOMURA JAPAN.
NX IS THE INTERNAL EQUITIES ONLY CROSSING PLATFORM FOR NOMURA.
INTERNAL FUTURES DARK POOL PLATFORM FOR NOMURA JAPAN.
INTERNAL CROSSING PLATFORM FOR NOMURA NX SELECT.
NX IS A REGISTERED ATS IN THE US MARKETS - CURRENTLY PROVIDING CROSSING FACILITIES FOR REG NMS LISTED STOCKS.
INTERNAL VWAP CROSSING PLATFORM FOR NOMURA.
AT THE END OF DEC 2009, THE NYSE SHUT DOWN EURO-MILLENNIUM, THE EUROPEAN EQUITIES ATS. IN DEC 2009, THE CONVERGEX GROUP BOUGHT MILLENNIUM, THE US EQUITIES ATS.
REGISTERED MARKET FOR SWAP EXECUTION OF ENERGY IN THE US
NZX DERIVATIVES - FUTURES & OPTIONS MARKET
APPROVED PUBLICATION ARRANGEMENT OPERATED BY OSLO BORS.
BLUE OCEAN ATS, LLC IS A US REGISTERED BROKER DEALER (CRD #306512) AND OPERATOR OF AN ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM (ATS).
OCTAURA - COLLATERALIZED LOAN OBLIGATION (CLO)
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR BONDS AND OTC DERIVATIVES.
ARRANGING PLATFORM FOR OIL SWAP TRANSACTIONS.
REGISTERED BROKER FOR EQUITIES DERIVATIVES AND RATES DERIVATIVES IN NYC
OMIE IS LEGAL SUCCESSOR OF OMEL AS MARKET OPERATOR BY WAY OF UNIVERSAL LEGAL SUCCESSION
REGISTERED CLEARING HOUSE ACTING AS CENTRAL COUNTERPARTY FOR EXCHANGE AND OTC DERIVATIVES
OMIP - POLO PORTUGUES, S.G.M.R., S.A. / OMIP DERIVATIVES MARKET
OTC SECURITY THAT IS NOT QUOTED ON THE NNQS (PREVIOUSLY OTCBB) BUT IS ELIGIBLE FOR TRADE REPORTING TO THE TRADE REPORTING FACILITY, IS CATEGORIZED AS "OTHER-OTC".
OSL DIGITAL SECURITIES - ASIA'S LEADING DIGITAL ASSET PLATFORM.
SECURITIES LENDING, TRADE REGISTRATIONS AND FINANCIAL SETTLEMENT FOR DERIVATIVES. AS OF 1 MAY 2015 OSLO CLEARING ASA IS LEGALLY INTEGRATED INTO SIX X-CLEAR LTD.
ASIA LEADING DIGITAL ASSET PLATFORM - OSL SG EXCHANGES.
OTCQB MARKET TIER HELPS INVESTORS EASILY IDENTIFY COMPANIES THAT ARE REGISTERED AND CURRENT IN THEIR REPORTING OBLIGATIONS WITH THE SEC OR REPORT TO A U.S. BANKING OR INSURANCE REGULATOR.
OTC LINK NQB IDQS (INTER-DEALER QUOTATION SYSTEM)
ELECTRONIC QUOTATION SYSTEM FOR PREMIUM MARKET TIER (OPERATED BY PINK SHEETS)
ALTERNATIVE PLATFORM FOR SPANISH SECURITIES
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER FOR BONDS EXCLUDED ETC AND ETN.
APPROVED PUBLICATION ARRANGEMENT (APA) SERVICE OF THE BULGARIAN STOCK EXCHANGE (BSE).
MIC TO USE IS TPCD. TULLETT PREBON HAS MIGRATED BUSINESS TO ITS NEW TPCREDITDEAL PLATFORM.
PDEX PROVIDES A CENTRALIZED INFRASTRUCTURE FOR TRADING SECURITIES.
PREVISOULY PDQ ATS. REPLACED BY CODA MIC.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY - HALF-YEAR TRADING SCHEDULE.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY - MONTHLY TRADING SCHEDULE.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY - QUARTERLY TRADING SCHEDULE.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY - YEARLY TRADING SCHEDULE.
PAYWARD EUROPE SOLUTIONS LIMITED (KRAKEN)
QUOTE DRIVEN MARKET IS A TRADING SEGMENT UNDER PFTS STOCK EXCHANGE.
TRADING PLATFORM FOR NDF AND DERIVATIVE PRODUCTS.
PAYWARD GLOBAL SOLUTIONS LIMITED (KRAKEN) - IE
MTF FOR LARGE BLOCK PAN-EUROPEAN EQUITIES.
SERVICE COMPANY PROVIDING EXECUTION SERVICES FOR OTC DERIVATIVES.
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/POLISH POWER EXCHANGE/REGULATED MARKET
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/COMMODITIES/POLISH POWER - EXCHANGE/ORGANIZED TRADING FACILITIES
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/COMMODITIES/POLISH POWER EXCHANGE/SPOT
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/COMMODITIES/POLISH POWER EXCHANGE/ENERGY MARKET
BOERSE MUENCHEN - FREIVERKHER - PLUS - EUROPE
PAN-EUROPEAN EQUITY MARKET FOR SMALL AND MID-CAP COMPANIES. TRADING WAS INTERRUPTED AS OF AUGUST 20, 2010 AND MARKET WILL NOT BE REACTIVATED.
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - PAN-NORDIC EQ DERIVATIVES
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/ENERGY MARKET/POEE
ENERGY MARKT OF THE WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE - MARKET HAS CEASED ITS ACTIVITY
MTSD PORTUGAL IS OPERATING AS A DIVISION OF EUROMTS SINCE 30 JUNE 2014
TRADING PLATFORM FOR OTC EQUITIES AND DEBT.
MTS PRIME IS A MARKET WHERE PARTICIPANTS CAN TRADE CORPORATE, COVERED AND FINANCIAL BONDS. IT IS A MARKET UNDER EUROMTS UMBRELLA.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR OTC ENERGY PRODUCTS
FORMERLY KNOWN AS PURE (CSE OTHER LISTED) FORMERLY KNOWN AS THE CANADIAN NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE (CNSX).
TP ICAP E. AND C. OTF - PVM COMMODITIES AND ENERGY DERIVATIVES
ELECTRONIC NATION-WIDE EXCHANGE FOR TRADING OF ELECTRICITY
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR EEA STOCKS - MARKET CEASED ITS ACTIVITIES ON NOVEMBER 15, 2013
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR FX SPOT TRADING.
FIXED INCOME, CURRENCIES AND COMMODITIES.
RBC INVESTOR SERVICES BANK S.A. - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
RBS CROSS IS THE BROKER CROSSING SYSTEM (BCS) OPERATED BY RBS.
CONTINUOUS DARK LIMIT ORDER BOOK THAT ALLOWS PARTICIPANTS TO INTERACT ONLY WITH SPECIFIED COUNTERPARTIES.
RISK MITIGATION SERVICES.REPLACED BY RESF.
OSTTRA SEF MTF - RESET - RISK MITIGATION SERVICES
MARKETAXESS SINGAPORE PTE LIMITED - RFQ - HUB
RIVERCROSS IS AN ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM (ATS) OPERATED PURSUANT TO REGULATION ATS BY RIVERCROSS SECURITIES, LLLP, PROVIDING A SECURE AND CONFIDENTIAL LIQUIDITY SOURCE FOR U.S.-REGISTERED BROKER-DEALERS AND THEIR CLIENTS.
LEVEL ATS - RAYMOND JAMES AND ASSOCIATES X
SWISS INTERBANK REPO MARKET OPERATED BY SIX REPO AG.
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/BONDS/CATALYST/BONDSPOT/REGULATED MARKET
PRINCIPAL STOCK MARKET FOR EQUITY AND BONDS.
RBC INVESTOR SERVICES TRUST - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
NON-PROFIT PARTNERSHIP FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF FINANCIAL MARKET RTS
NON REGULATED, US SEC AND SWISS FINMA COMPLIANT AND BANKING LICENSE EXEMPT EQUITY FUNDRAISING AND TRADING PLATFORM.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FIXED INCOME BOLSA DE BARCELONA
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FIXED INCOME BOLSA DE BILBAO.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR SECURITIES, ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM (ATS).
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM, DESIGNATED CONTRACTS MARKET (DCM).
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR COMMODITIES.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR SWAPS, SWAP EXECUTION FACILITY (SEF).
SKANDINAVISKA ENSKILDA BANKEN AB LIQUIDITY POOL.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY - ELECTRONIC EXCHANGE FOR STOCK BORROWING AND LENDING TRANSACTIONS.
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - SWEDISH EQ DERIVATIVES
SISTEMA ESPECIAL DE LIQUIDACAO E CUSTODIA DE TITULOS PUBLICOS
SELIC (SISTEMA ESPECIAL DE LIQUIDACAO E CUSTODIA DE TITULOS PUBLICOS - IN ENGLISH: SPECIAL SYSTEM FOR CUSTODY AND SETTLEMENT OF PUBLIC SECURITIES) IS THE CENTRAL CUSTODIAN FOR ALL SECURITIES EMITTED BY THE BRAZILIAN NATIONAL TREASURY.
SEND - SISTEMA ELECTRONICO DE NEGOCIACION DE DEUDA
SEND IS AN ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM, DEVELOPED BY AIAF MERCADO DE RENTA FIJA, DESIGNED FOR THE TRADING OF RETAIL DISTRIBUTED FIXED INCOME SECURITIES LISTED IN THIS MARKET.
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - OTC SEK WB EQ DERIVATIVES
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - SEK WB EQ DERIVATIVES
FIS SECURITIES FINANCE MATCHING PLATFORM
SG AMERICAS SECURITIES, LLC - SECOND VENUE
SIGMA X2 (SGMT) IS THE ATS OF REGISTERED BROKER-DEALER GOLDMAN SACHS AND CO (GSCO).
GS'S MTF. IMPLEMENTATION DATE: FEBRUARY 1ST 2008
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR EUROPEAN EQUITIES.
SG OPTION EUROPE - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER BUSINESSES.
STOCK EXCHANGE OF HONG KONG LIMITED - SHANGHAI - HONG KONG STOCK CONNECT
MAINLAND INVESTORS TRADING IN SEHK SECURITIES UNDER SHANGHAI-HONG KONG STOCK CONNECT
CREDIT SUISSE SECURITIES (EUROPE) LIMITED
SCOTIABANK (IRELAND) DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY
ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM (ATS)OPERATED BY GOLDMAN SACHS
SIGMA X CANADA IS GOLDMAN SACHS CANADA INC'S NON-DISPLAYED ATS.
CREDIT SUISSE BANK (EUROPE), S.A. - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
SUSQUEHANNA INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES LIMITED
SUSQUEHANNA INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES LIMITED - LONDON BRANCH
SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION - BRUSSELS BRANCH
SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION - DUESSELDORF BRANCH
SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION EUROPE LIMITED
SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION - LONDON BRANCH
SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION EUROPE LIMITED - PARIS BRANCH
SMX IS ASIA'S FIRST MULTI-PRODUCT GLOBAL COMMODITY DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE.
SMALL EXCHANGE, INC - DESIGNATED CONTRACT MARKET
MARKET MAKER FOR US EXCHANGE LISTED EQUITIES
SYSTEM FOR SUPPORT OF THE SHARE AND BOND MARKETS.
SHARES, DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS, GOVERNMENT BONDS, STRUCTURED FINANCE PRODUCTS, SPOT COMMODITIES.
MAREX SPECTRON INTERNATIONAL LIMITED OTF
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR OTC DERIVATIVES.
REGULATED MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR TURBO WARRANT-TRADING.
MIAX SAPPHIRE: ELECTRONIC AND FLOOR TRADING FOR DERIVATIVES.
ST. PETERSBURG INTERNATIONAL MERCANTILE EXCHANGE
SPOTEX IS AN INSTITUTIONAL FOREIGN EXCHANGE ECN. OUR CLIENTS ARE PRIME BROKERS, HEDGE FUNDS, AND AUTOMATED TRADING SYSTEMS.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR OTC DERIVATIVES - SLOVAK AND CZECH POWER AND GAS.
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR OTC EQUITY DERIVATIVES.
STATE STREET FOREIGN EXCHANGE SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER.
THE SSE GIVES INVESTORS ACCESS TO INFORMATION ON PUBLICLY LISTED BUSINESSES WITH STRONG SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PURPOSE.
STATE STREET BANK INTERNATIONAL FX - LONDON BRANCH
CORPORATE BONDS, COVERED BONDS, ETFS, SUPRANATIONAL, SOVEREIGN AND AGENCY (SSA).
ELECTRONIC/VOICE HYBRID TRADING PLATFORM FOR BONDS AND OTC DERIVATIVES.
STIFEL, NICOLAUS AND COMPANY, INCORPORATED
UNREGULATED MARKET OF THE PRAGUE STOCK EXCHANGE.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER. AFTER ITS ACQUISITION BY HUDSON RIVER TRADING, SUN TRADING INTERNATIONAL HAS CEASED DEALING AND HAS BEEN DE-AUTHORISED.
BOERSE STUTTGART - REGULIERTER MARKT - TECHNICAL PLATFORM 2
BOERSE STUTTGART - FREIVERKEHR - TECHNICAL PLATFORM 2
BOERSE STUTTGART - REGULIERTER MARKT - TECHNICAL PLATFORM 3
BOERSE STUTTGART - FREIVERKEHR - TECHNICAL PLATFORM 3
BOERSE STUTTGART - FREIVERKEHR - TECHNICAL PLATFORM 4
BOERSE STUTTGART - FREIVERKEHR - TECHNICAL PLATFORM 2 - DLT
SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES SECURITIES EXCHANGE
REGISTERED MARKET FOR EQUITIES AND BONDS.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER FOR FIXED INCOME AND EQUITIES.
STOCK EXCHANGE OF HONG KONG LIMITED - SHENZHEN - HONG KONG STOCK CONNECT
MAINLAND INVESTORS TRADING IN SEHK SECURITIES UNDER SHENZHEN-HONG KONG STOCK CONNECT.
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/BONDS/TREASURY BOND/BONDSPOT/B2C MARKET/MTF
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/BONDS/BONDSPOT/TREASURY BOND MARKET
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR ENERGY DERIVATIVES.
TDX IS A SWISS ORGANIZED TRADING FACILITY (OTF), OPERATED BY TAURUS SA, A REGULATED SECURITIES FIRM AUTHORIZED AND SUPERVISED BY THE SWISS FINANCIAL MARKET AUTHORITY (FINMA).
TP ICAP E AND C OTF - COMMODITY AND ENERGY DERIVATIVES
OTF FOR THE TRADING OF COMMODITY AND ENERGY DERIVATIVES.
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - OTF - EUROPEAN GOVERNMENT BONDS
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF EUROPEAN GOVERNMENT BONDS.
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - MTF - FX DERIVATIVES
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - FX DERIVATIVES
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING UK GILTS
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS - UK GILTS
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - MTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING UK GILTS
MTF FOR THE TRADING OF GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING UK GILTS.
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - MTF - COMMODITIES AND ENERGY DERIVATIVES
MTF FOR THE TRADING OF COMMODITIES AND ENERGY DERIVATIVES.
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - MTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT
MTF FOR THE TRADING OF CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT.
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - MTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS - UK GILTS
MTF FOR THE TRADING OF GOVERNMENT BONDS - UK GILTS.
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - MTF - MONEY MARKETS
MTF FOR THE TRADING OF MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS.
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PREBON FX DERIVATIVES
OTF FOR THE TRADING OF PREBON FX DERIVATIVES.
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - GOVERNMENT BONDS - EXCLUDING GILTS
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES
OTF FOR THE TRADING OF INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES.
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - REPOS
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - FX DERIVATIVES
SWAP EXECUTION FACILITY (OTC CLEARED INSTRUMENTS).
EXCHANGE NAME "THIRD MARKET" WILL BE CHANGED TO "NASDAQ INTERMARKET", AS A RESULT OF WHICH THE MIC CHANGES FROM THRD TO XNIM.
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - MTF - INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES
MTF FOR THE TRADING OF INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES.
ICE TMC ATS IS OPERATED BY ICE BONDS SECURITIES CORPORATION.
REGISTERED ATS FOR CORPORATE BONDS AND CREDIT DEFAULT SWAPS.
TMX SELECT IS AN EQUITIES ATS IN CANADA. OWNED BY TMX GROUP, IT LEVERAGES THE SAME TECHNOLOGY AS THE TORONTO STOCK EXCHANGE TO TRADE SECURITIES THAT ARE LISTED BY EXCHANGES THAT ARE RECOGNIZED IN A CANADIAN JURISDICTION.
EURONEXT - TRADED BUT NOT LISTED AMSTERDAM
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY (MTF) FOR BLOCKS.
MTF FOR DERIVATIVES. DISCONTINUATION OF COMPANY AND SERVICES.
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - MADRID - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - MADRID - GOVERNMENT BONDS - EXCLUDING GILTS
MTF FOR EQUITIES. DISCONTINUATION OF COMPANY AND SERVICES.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR CREDIT PRODUCTS
OTC ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR SPOT CRYPTOASSETS.
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - FRANKFURT - OTF
TP ICAP EU - MTF - DERIVATIVES REGISTRATION
MTF FOR THE BROKING OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE, ENERGY, COMMODITY AND INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES.
MULTILATERAL TRADING PLATFORM FOR EQUITY DERIVATIVES.
TULLETT PREBON - INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES - OTF
TULLETT PREBON - INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES - LIQUIDITY CHAIN - OTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT.
TULLETT PREBON - INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES - MIREXA - OTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT
TULLETT PREBON - INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES - MIREXA - OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF GOVERNMENT BONDS.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
OTC ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES.
MTF FOR THE BROKING OF SECURITIES, DERIVATIVES AND REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS.
TULLETT PREBON - INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES - TPSYNREX - OTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT
TURQUOISE EUROPE - PERIODIC AUCTIONS ORDER BOOK
TURQUOISE EUROPE - NYLON CASH ORDER BOOK
REFINITIV TRANSACTIONS SERVICES LIMITED - FXALL RFQ
TRADING REQUEST FOR QUOTE PLATFORM FOR FX OTC DERIVATIVES.
US ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION NETWORK (ECN) FOR US EQUITIES.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR SECURITIES.
TRADITION'S HYBRID TRADING PLATFORM FOR OTC DERIVATIVES AND OTHER FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS.
APPROVED PUBLICATION ARRANGEMENT SEGMENT
REFINITIV TRANSACTION SERVICES LIMITED - FORWARDS MATCHING
REGISTERED MARKET FOR OTC FX DERIVATIVES.
MULTIDEALER- TO-CUSTOMER TRADING PLATFORM FOR FX OPTIONS.
SECURITIES EXCHANGE OFFERING A MULTI-ASSET, MULTI-CURRENCY TRADING PLATFORM. OFFER ISSUERS LISTING SERVICES ON THREE BOARDS-MAIN BOARD, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISE (SME) BOARD AND VENTURE CAPITAL (VCAP) BOARD.
TURQUOISE - PERIODIC AUCTIONS ORDER BOOK
ORDER BOOK FOR TURQUOISE FREQUENT TRANSPARENT AUCTION TRADING.
NON-DISPLAYED LARGE IN SCALE SERIES OF SCHEDULED BLOCK UNCROSSINGS.
TRADING PLATFORM FOR CLEARED EQUITY CONTRACTS-FOR-DIFFERENCE.
MIC TO USE IS XLOD - LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE PLC HAD ENTERED INTO AN AGREEMENT WITH TURQUOISE TO ACQUIRE ITS DERIVATIVES BUSINESS.
PLATFORM FOR BLOCK INTERESTS IN OTC EQUITY TOTAL RETURN SWAPS.
TRUEEX LLC - DESIGNATED CONTRACT MARKET (DMC)
DESIGNATED CONTRACT MARKET-ELECTRONIC MARKET FOR TRADING FUTURES, OPTIONS ON FUTURES, SWAPS AND OTHER DERIVATIVES
TRUEEX LLC - SEF (SWAP EXECUTION FACILITY)
SWAP EXECUTION FACILITY -ELECTRONIC MARKET FOR TRADING SWAPS
ELECTRONIC MARKET FOR TRADING FUTURES, OPTIONS ON FUTURES, SWAPS AND OTHER DERIVATIVES
TRADITION SECURITIES AND DERIVATIVES INC.
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF CORPORATE BONDS.
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF CREDIT DERIVATIVES.
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF EQUITY DERIVATIVES.
MULTI-ASSET CLASS SWAP EXECUTION FACILITY (SEF).
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - FRANKFURT - OTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - FRANKFURT - OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS - EX GILTS
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING UK GILTS.
TP UK OTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF FX DERIVATIVES.
TP UK OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING UK GILTS
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF GOVERNMENT BONDS - UK GILTS.
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES.
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT.
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF - CREDIT DERIVATIVES
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF CREDIT DERIVATIVES.
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING UK GILTS
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING UK GILTS.
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF - MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS.
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF REPOS.
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF REPOS.
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS - UK GILTS
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF GOVERNMENT BONDS - UK GILTS.
TRADEWEB EUROPE LIMITED - GLOBAL TRADING PLATFORM
UNICREDIT BANK CZECH REPUBLIC AND SLOVAKIA, A.S.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER FOR UNIPOL BANCA BRANDED BONDS.
REGISTERED ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM FOR CROSSING ORDERS IN US EQUITIES
FX/PM DERIVATIVES (FX/PM FORWARDS, FX/PM SWAPS, FX/PM OPTIONS).
UBS PRICE IMPROVEMENT NETWORK IN EMEA (EQUITIES).
UBS PRICE IMPROVEMENT NETWORK IN THE US (EQUITIES).
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR EQUITIES.
UBS TRADING PLATFORMS - MIC TO USE IS UBSG.
UBS AG LONDON BRANCH TRADING PLATFORM SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER. REGISTERED FOR SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER BUT NON-ACTIVE.
REGISTERED MARKET FOR EQUITIES, BONDS AND DERIVATIVES.
THE MTS UK GOVERNMENT BOND MARKET OPERATES AS AN MTF AND WILL BE OPEN EXCLUSIVELY TO THE COMMUNITY OF GEMMS.
APPROVED MARKET FOR EQUITIES, BONDS AND DERIVATIVES
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER. MIC CODE FOR UNICREDIT ACTING AS AN SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER UNDER UK MIFIR/MIFID.
THE MICEX REGIONAL EXCHANGE CENTRES ONLY INITIATE TRADE BUSINESS, I.E. THERE IS NO TRADE THERE.
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - OTC USD WB EQ DERIVATIVES
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - USD WB EQ DERIVATIVES
ICE BONDPOINT ATS IS OPERATED BY ICE BONDS SECURITIES CORPORATION.
VIRTU CLIENT MARKET MAKING IS A WHOLESALE MARKET MAKER AND BLOCK POSITIONER IN OTC AND NMS US EQUITIES.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR OTC SECURITIES. FSA APPROVAL RECEIVED ON JANUARY 2010.
MARKET MAKERS OF NASDAQ AND PINK SHEET SECURITIES.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR US EQUITIES.
VIRTU FINANCIAL IRELAND LIMITED (LONDON BRANCH)
VIRTU FINANCIAL IRELAND LIMITED ELECTRONIC PLATFORMS.
ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM FOR US EQUITIES EXECUTING VIRTU'S WHOLESALE, INSTITUTIONAL, CLIENT AND PROP FLOW.
VIRTU FINANCIAL IRELAND LIMITED - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER
VIRTU FINANCIAL IRELAND LIMITED SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER.
VIRTU FINANCIAL IRELAND LIMITED SYSTEMATIC OTC PLATFORM.
THE FAROESE SECURITIES MARKET (VMF) IS THE STOCK EXCHANGE OF THE FAROE ISLANDS.
BROKER DEALER SPECIALIZING IN INSTITUTIONAL EXECUTION AND MARKET-MAKING IN US EQUITIES, FIXED INCOME AND OPTIONS.
NYSE EURONEXT - COMPARTIMENT DES VALEURS RADIEES PARIS
THIS MTF HAS MERGED WITH NYSE EURONEXT MARCHE LIBRE PARIS (XMLI) IN JANUARY 2008
OVER-THE-COUNTER (OTC) TRADING PLATFORM FOR STRUCTURED PRODUCTS, EQUITIES AND BONDS.
ORGANISED TRADING FACILITY (OTF) FOR STRUCTURED PRODUCTS AND BONDS. LIVE IN JANUARY 2018.
BROKER DEALER OPERATING OTC AND ON EXCHANGE MARKET MAKING BUSINESSES AND EXECUTION SERVICES DIVISION IN US EQUITIES.
WIENER BOERSE AG AMTLICHER HANDEL (OFFICIAL MARKET)
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/BONDS/CATALYST/LISTING
WIENER BOERSE AG VIENNA MTF (VIENNA MTF)
WIENER BOERSE AG GEREGELTER FREIVERKEHR (SECOND REGULATED MARKET)
WIENER BOERSE AG MIDPOINT AMTLICHER HANDEL (OFFICIAL MARKET)
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/ BONDS/CATALYST/MAIN MARKET
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/COMMODITY DERIVATIVES
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES
WELLS FARGO SECURITIES LIQUIDITY PARTITION AT LEVEL ATS.
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER. FX AND RATES DERIVATIVES.
WELLS FARGO SECURITIES, LLC - EQUITIES - LIQUIDITY PROVIDERS
WELLS FARGO SECURITIES LIQUIDITY PROVIDER PARTITION AT INTELLIGENTCROSS.
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/COMMODITIES/POLISH POWER EXCHANGE/GAS
WINTERFLOOD SECURITIES LIMITED - ELECTRONIC PLATFORM
REGISTERED MARKET MAKER - ELECTRONIC PLATFORM
WINTERFLOOD SECURITIES LIMITED - MANUAL TRADING
REGISTERED MARKET MAKER - MANUAL TRADING
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE - OTHER THAN XOFF OR XXXX
ONLY FOR IPO/SPO PURPOSES. TRANSACTIONS ARE NOT SUBJECTED TO BE REPORTED TO ARM.
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/BONDS/CATALYST/MTF
WOOD AND COMPANY FINANCIAL SERVICES, A.S.
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE - SPO BOOK BUILDING
EURONEXT - MARKET WITHOUT QUOTATIONS LISBON
COMMODITIES AND DERIVATIVES TRADING EXCHANGE
FINRA ALTERNATIVE DISPLAY FACILITY (ADF)
THE ALTERNATIVE DISPLAY FACILITY (ADF) IS AN SRO DISPLAY ONLY FACILITY THAT IS OPERATED BY FINRA.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR UNQUOTED STOCKS AND FUNDS.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR EQUITIES AND BONDS MARKET
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY - MERGE OF AIM ITALIA AND MAC, MAC WILL BE OPENED TILL END 2012.
EURONEXT AMSTERDAM - MULTI-CURRENCY TRADING
BEURS VAN ANTWERPEN (ANTWERP STOCK EXCHANGE)
REGIONAL EXCHANGE CENTRE - MICEX FAR EAST
IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE - GLOBAL EXCHANGE MARKET
THE IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE IS MOVING TO A SINGLE MIC CODE REGIME AND THEREFORE XDUB WILL BE THE MIC CODE FOR ALL IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE MARKETS.
ATLANTIC SECURITIES MARKET (ASM). THE ASM IS AUTHORISED BY THE CENTRAL BANK OF IRELAND AS A MTF AND IS REGULATED BY THE IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE PLC.
REGULATED MARKETPLACE FOR TRADING EQUITY AND EQUITY RELATED SECURITIES.
BAHAMAS INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE
JAKARTA FUTURES EXCHANGE (BURSA BERJANGKA JAKARTA)
PERIMETER FINANCIAL CORP. - BLOCKBOOK ATS
ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM FOR BLOCK TRADING OF CANADIAN LISTED EQUITIES
BOLSA DE DIVIDA E VALORES DE ANGOLA (BODIVA) - ANGOLA SECURITIES EXCHANGE
REGULATED MARKETS FOR SECURITIES TRADING.
JSE - FORMER BOND EXCHANGE OF SOUTH AFRICA.
BOURSE DE BEYROUTH - BEIRUT STOCK EXCHANGE
BARBADOS STOCK EXCHANGE - INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES MARKET
STOCK EXCHANGE OF THAILAND - FOREIGN BOARD
BLUENEXT MTF HAS BECOME A REGULATED MARKET.
MERGER BETWEEN THE BRAZILIAN MERCANTILE AND FUTURES EXCHANGE (BM AND F) AND THE SAO PAULO STOCK EXCHANGE (BOVESPA) => BM AND F BOVESPA S.A.
NASDAQ OMX HAS ACQUIRED THE BOSTON STOCK EXCHANGE (BSE).
EURONEXT - EURONEXT BRUSSELS - DERIVATIVES
SIX SWISS BILATERAL TRADING PLATFORM FOR STRUCTURED OTC PRODUCTS
REGISTERED MARKET FOR EQUITIES, BONDS, COMMERCIAL PAPER AND OTHER FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS.
BOLSA DE VALORES DE LA REPUBLICA DOMINICANA SA.
ELECTRONIC MARKET FOR TRADING US LISTED DERIVATIVES.
CAIRO AND ALEXANDRIA STOCK EXCHANGES (CASE) HAVE BEEN RENAMED TO THE EGYPTIAN EXCHANGE.
THE ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM - "CAN-ATS" ( NEW COMPANIES AND EQUITIES) OFFER ACCESS TO TRADING FOR NEWLY SET-UP BUSINESSES AS WELL AS FOR OTHER COMPANIES THAT CANNOT BE TRADED ON THE REGULATED MARKET OF BUCHAREST STOCK EXCHANGE.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR CURRENCY FUTURES EFP'S AND OTC CURRENCY TRADING
CENTRAL EUROPEAN GAS HUB (CEGH) IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT TRADING HUBS FOR NATURAL GAS IN CENTRAL EUROPE AND PROVIDES EXCHANGE SERVICES TOGETHER WITH VIENNA STOCK EXCHANGE.
CHINESE GOLD AND SILVER EXCHANGE SOCIETY
ORGANISED MARKET PLACE FOR ELECTRICITY TRADING.
NEW YORK COCOA, COFFEE AND SUGAR EXCHANGE
UNREGULATED FX AND PRECIOUS METALS TRADING VENUE.
ADMINISTRATOR OF AN OVER THE COUNTER MARKET OPERATIONS REGISTRATION SYSTEM (OTC).
JOINT-STOCK COMPANY STOCK EXCHANGE INNEX
SIX SWISS EXCHANGE - DEAL POOL - BOOK BUILDING AND ANNOUNCEMENT PLATFORM
ENERGY BROKING IRELAND GAS TRADING PLATFORM
ELECTRONIC TRADING AND BROKING PLATFORM FOR OTC NATURAL GAS PHYSICAL SPOT TRANSACTIONS.
FROM 01/05/2011 EDX'S EXISTED PRODUCTS WILL USE NEW TURQUOISE DERIVATIVES MIC CODE.
EUROPEAN ENERGY EXCHANGE - NON-MTF MARKET
EUROPEAN ENERGY EXCHANGE - REGULATED MARKET
EUREX REPO ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR HQLA BLOCKCHAIN.
REGISTERED MARKET FOR SECURITIES, ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM.
EUREX REPO - FUNDING AND FINANCING PRODUCTS
EUREX REPO ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR FUNDING AND FINANCING PRODUCTS.
EUREX REPO ELECTRONIC TRADING SEGMENT FOR TRIPARTY REPO.
XETRA INTERNATIONAL MARKET - REGULATED MARKET
XETRA INTERNATIONAL, MARKET SEGMENT REGULATED.
XETRA INTERNATIONAL MARKET - OPEN MARKET
XETRA INTERNATIONAL, MARKET SEGMENT OPEN.
XETRA INTERNATIONAL, OPERATING LEVEL. TO BE GLOBALLY USED FOR ORDERROUTING AND OTHER PURPOSES LIKE "SCHLUNOTEN" (EXECUTIONS).
XETRA - NON-FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - OFF-BOOK
EURONEXT COM, COMMODITIES FUTURES AND OPTIONS
EURONEXT EQF, EQUITIES AND INDICES DERIVATIVES
EURONEXT IRF, INTEREST RATE FUTURE AND OPTIONS
ET IS NOW OPERATED FROM FRANKFURT (GERMANY)
HAS TERMINATED ALL EXCHANGE OPERATIONS EFFECTIVE DECEMBER 31, 2008
ELECTRONIC PLATFORM FOR INDEX CALCULATION.
MERCADO DE FUTUROS Y OPCIONES SOBRE CITRICOS
FINANCIALCONTENT - DIGITAL ASSET TRADE REPORTING FACILITY
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM. REGISTERED MARKET FOR ENERGY, COMMODITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL DERIVATIVES.
BORSA ISTANBUL - FUTURES AND OPTIONS MARKET
FINEX, THEY NO LONGER OPERATE IN DUBLIN AND THEREFORE THE MIC CODE DELETED. FINEX (NOW ICE) CONTINUE TO OPERATE AS ICE IN NEW YORK.
CENTRAL EASTERN EUROPEAN GAS EXCHANGE LTD
CEEGEX IS A ORGANISED NATURAL GAS MARKET PROVIDING SERVICES FOR THE GAS MARKET PLAYERS WITHIN THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA (EEA).
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/ EQUITIES/GLOBAL CONNECT - MTF
GESTORE MERCATO ELETTRICO - ITALIAN POWER EXCHANGE
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR COMMODITIES, CFDS, CREDIT, FUTURES, METALS, AND NEW MARKETS.
TRADEGATE EXCHANGE IS AN OFFICIAL REGULATED STOCK EXCHANGE IN BERLIN/GERMANY FOR SHARES, BONDS, ETFS AND FONDS.
EURONEXT PAN-EUROPEAN MTF FOR HIGH FREQUENCY TRADING (HFT)
HONG KONG EXCHANGES AND CLEARING LIMITED, OR HKEX, OPERATES A SECURITIES MARKET AND A DERIVATIVES MARKET IN HONG KONG AND THE CLEARING HOUSES FOR THOSE MARKETS.
HANOI STOCK EXCHANGE (UNLISTED PUBLIC COMPANY TRADING PLATFORM)
TRADING PLATFORM FOR UNLISTED PUBLIC COMPANIES WHICH DON'T MEET THE LISTING CRITERIA BUT TRADED IN THE OTC MARKET.
MTF PLATFORM FOR CORPORATE BONDS TRADING.
ALTERNATIVE CANADIAN MARKETPLACE TO REGISTERED INVESTMENT DEALERS AND THEIR CLIENTS TO TRADE CANADIAN LISTED EQUITIES.
THE JAKARTA (JSX) AND SURABAYA (SSX) STOCK EXCHANGES HAVE MERGED TO BECOME THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE (IDX).
IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE - ENTERPRISE SECURITIES MARKET
TAIWAN INTERNATIONAL MERCANTILE EXCHANGE
EXCHANGE FOR TRADING ELECTRONICALLY ENERGY DERIVATIVES
SETTLEMENT PLATFORM FOR CSD AND NON CSD FUNDS.
INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, LLC - ALTERNATIVE MARKETS
PARIMUTUEL, ELETRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR DERIVATIVES.
INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, LLC - EQUITIES
ISLAMABAD STOCK EXCHANGE HAS BEEN INTEGRATED TO THE PAKISTAN STOCK EXCHANGE IN JANUARY 2017.
CHANGE OF MARKET NAME AND MARKET WEBSITE
THE JAKARTA (JSX) AND SURABAYA (SSX) STOCK EXCHANGES HAVE MERGED TO BECOME THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE (IDX). MIC TO USE IS XIDX
FUTURES EXCHANGE. PREVIOUSLY KNOWN AS THE KANSAI COMMODITIES EXCHANGE.
MERGER OF THE THREE STOCK EXCHANGES IN PAKISTAN. PSX SUCCESSFULLY STARTED TO OPERATE FROM JANUARY 11, 2016, ONWARDS.
REGISTERED MARKET FOR COMMODITY SUCH AS GOLD, PETRO, ETC
FREEBOARD IS A NEW MARKET FOR COMPANIES LISTED, NEITHER ON THE STOCK MARKET DIVISION NOR ON THE KOSDAQ MARKET DIVISION OF KRX.
KOBE KIITO TORIHIKIJO (RAW SILK EXCHANGE)
KOREA THIRD OFFICIAL EXCHANGE - LAUNCH DATE: JULY 1ST 2013
KANMON SHOHIN TORIHIKIJO (COMMODITY EXCHANGE)
LAHORE STOCK EXCHANGE HAS BEEN INTEGRATED TO THE PAKISTAN STOCK EXCHANGE IN JANUARY 2017.
MERCADO DE VALORES LATINOAMERICANOS (LATIBEX SMN)
LCH GROUP IS A LEADING MULTI-ASSET CLASS AND MULTI-NATIONAL CLEARING HOUSE, SERVING MAJOR EXCHANGES AND PLATFORMS AS WELL AS A RANGE OF OTC MARKETS.
LJUBLJANA STOCK EXCHANGE (SEMI-OFFICIAL MARKET)
LJSE SEMI-OFFICIAL MARKET DOES NOT EXIST SINCE 30 JUNE 2008
LJUBLJANA STOCK EXCHANGE (OFFICIAL MARKET)
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE - CURVEGLOBAL MARKETS
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE DERIVATIVES MARKET (PART OF LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE REGULATED MARKET).
MERGER BETWEEN THE MALAYSIA DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE AND THE BURSA MALAYSIA. XKLS IS THE VALID CODE TO USE
DEACTIVATED JAN 2017 UNTIL MARKET LAUNCH. REACTIVATED AUGUST 2017.
THE MAIS PURPOSE IS TO CREATE NEW FUND-RAISING OPPORTUNITIES FOR INNOVATIVE BUSINESS WITH HIGH POTENTIAL GROWTH AS WELL AS PROVIDE A GREATER RANGE OF INVESTMENT ALTERNATIVES.
MERCADO CONTINUO ESPANOL - CONTINUOUS MARKET
BOLSA MEXICANA DE VALORES (MEXICAN STOCK EXCHANGE)
MIC USED FOR MIAX FUTURES EXCHANGE PRODUCTS CLEARED AT OCC.
MIC USED FOR MIAX FUTURES EXCHANGE PRODUCTS CLEARED AT MIAX FUTURES CLEARING.
MIC TO USE AS FROM 19 DEC 2011 IS MISX. MERGER BETWEEN RTS AND MICEX GROUPS.
MIAX OPTIONS EXCHANGE: ELECTRONIC TRADING FOR DERIVATIVES.
OMLX, THE LONDON SECURITIES AND DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE LIMITED
SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES (SMES).
THE MONTREAL EXCHANGE / BOURSE DE MONTREAL
MONTREAL EXCHANGE THE / BOURSE DE MONTREAL
CENTRAL COUNTERPARTY CLEARING CENTER MFB - JOINT-STOCK COMPANY
CENTRAL COUNTERPARTY OF PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY SAINT PETERSBURG EXCHANGE COVERING A WIDE RANGE OF ASSETS CLASSES.
MTF OF BONDS MANAGED AND ORGANISED BY BORSA ITALIANA.
MEFF SEGMENT FOR THE TRADING OF POWER DERIVATIVES
SISTEMA ELETRONICO DE NEGOCIACION DE ACTIVOS FINANCIEROS
NATIONAL COMMODITY AND DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE LTD
PREVIOUSLY (2005) NAMED NASDAQ SMALLCAP MARKET.NASDAQ CAPITAL MARKET SECURITY SATISFIES ALL APPLICABLE QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS FOR NASDAQ SECURITIES IN RULE 4300 OTHER THAN THOSE APPLICABLE TO NASDAQ NATIONAL MARKET SECURITIES.
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/ EQUITIES/NEW CONNECT - MTF
MARKET FINANCING THE GROWTH OF YOUNG COMPANIES WITH A LARGE GROWTH POTENTIAL, ORGANISED AND OPERATED BY THE WSE
NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE OF AUSTRALIA LIMITED
NEW ZEALAND FUTURES AND OPTIONS EXCHANGE
ELECTRONIC MARKETPLACE COMPRISED OF MULTIPLE BROKER-DEALERS THAT QUOTE AND TRADE SECURITIES LISTED ON NYSE AND AMEX
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR LISTED DERIVATIVES.
BLOCKCHAIN BASED MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY (MTF).
NAGOYA SENI TORIHIKIJO (TEXTILE EXCHANGE) - CHUBU COMMODITY EXCHANGE
REGULATED MARKET, TRADING PLATFORM NXCHANGE.
NEW YORK MERCANTILE EXCHANGE - OTC MARKETS
DIVISION OF THE NEW YORK MERCANTILE EXCHANGE - OTC MARKETS (ECM)
NEW YORK BOARD OF TRADE (NYBOT) IS RENAMED IN ICE FUTURES US. XNYF IS CHANGED INTO ICUS AS PER EXCHANGE REQUEST
NEW YORK MERCANTILE EXCHANGE - ENERGY MARKETS
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR ENERGY MARKETS
OSLO BORS ASA - OSLO AXESS LIT X AUCTIONS
OSAKA SENI TORIHIKIJO (TEXTILE EXCHANGE)
OESTERREICHISCHE TERMIN- UND OPTIONENBOERSE, CLEARING BANK AG
NASDAQ ACQUIRED THE PHILADELPHIA STOCK EXCHANGE (PHLX)
ELECTRONIC CROSSING PLATFORM FOR EQUITIES
INTERNATIONAL, SIGNAL-FREE, INTERNAL CROSSING NETWORK
THE MARKET OPERATOR PLUS STOCK EXCHANGE PLC CHANGED ITS NAME TO ICAP SECURITIES AND DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE LIMITED, ISDX WITH EFFECT FROM 31 OCTOBER 2012.
BORSA ISTANBUL - PRECIOUS METALS AND DIAMONDS MARKETS
EUROPEAN ENERGY EXCHANGE - OTF GAS MARKET
MTF MARKET OF THE PRAGUE STOCK EXCHANGE.
EUROPEAN ENERGY EXCHANGE - REGULATED GAS MARKET
REGULATED MARKET SEGMENT FOR SPOT AND FUTURES GAS MARKETS OF EEX.
SPANISH: BOLSA LATINOAMERICANA DE VALORES, S.A.
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE - PRIVATE SECURITIES MARKET
HYBRID MODEL MTF FOR PAN-EUROPEAN EQUITIES.
SIX SWISS EXCHANGE - STRUCTURED PRODUCTS
WARRANTS AND STRUCTURED PRODUCTS SEGMENT. WWW.SIX-GROUP.COM/EN/PRODUCTS-SERVICES/THE-SWISS-STOCK-EXCHANGE.HTML
ELECTRONIC TRADING SYSTEM FOR SHARES, BONDS, ETFs, INVESTMENT FUNDS
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER. DEMERGER BY ABSORBTION OF THE DIVISION CERTIFICATES AND EQUITY TRADING OF RAIFFEISEN CENTROBANK AG TO RAIFFEISEN BANK INTERNATIONAL AG ON 01 DECEMBER 2022.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR EQUITIES AND BONDS LEGALLY DEFINED AS A MULTI-SIDED TRADING SYSTEM (MOS) WITH MORE OPEN CONDITIONS FOR ACCEPTING SECURITIES.
XRMS IS NOT ANYMORE EXISTING MARKET IN SLOVAK REPUBLIC.
XROV ONLY ORGANIZES THE ACCESS TO THE MOSCOW TRADING SYSTEM AND SIGNS AGREEMENTS FOR THIS ACCESS WITH REGIONAL PARTICIPANTS OF THE MOSCOW TRADING SYSTEM. XROV IS NOT A PLATFORM WHERE TRADES ARE EXECUTED SEPARATELY FROM THE MOSCOW OFFICE.
ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR FIXED INCOME SECURITIES.
MARKET FOR STRUCTURED PRODUCTS - COUNTRY SEGMENT 1.
MARKET FOR STRUCTURED PRODUCTS - COUNTRY SEGMENT 2.
MARKET FOR STRUKTURED PRODUCTS - COUNTRY SEGMENT 3.
SINGAPORE CENTRAL LIMIT ORDER BOOK INTERNATIONAL
CENTRAL LIMIT ORDER BOOK (CLOB) MARKET. NO LONGER ACTIVE.
REGULATED PLATFORM TO ISSUE AND TRADE DIGITAL ASSETS. WWW.SIX-GROUP.COM/EN/PRODUCTS-SERVICES/THE-SWISS-STOCK-EXCHANGE.HTML
EBBO EQUITY ORDER BOOK. WWW.SIX-GROUP.COM/EN/PRODUCTS-SERVICES/THE-SWISS-STOCK-EXCHANGE.HTML
SHENZHEN STOCK EXCHANGE - SHENZHEN - HONG KONG STOCK CONNECT
SOCIETE GENERALE - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER BUSINESSES.
NO MORE AN EXCHANGE BECAUSE ITS LICENCE OF EXCHANGE ACTIVITY WAS CEASED IN 2010 DUE TO THE REORGANIZATION.
BSP REGIONAL ENERGY EXCHANGE - SOUTH POOL
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR THE TRADING OF STRUCTURED PRODUCTS.
MERCADO DE FUTUROS DE ACEITE DE OLIVA, S.A.
SHANGHAI STOCK EXCHANGE - SHANGHAI - HONG KONG STOCK CONNECT
FOREIGN INVESTORS TRADING IN A-SHARE STOCK LISTED IN SHANGHAI STOCK EXCHANGE UNDER SHANGHAI-HONG KONG STOCK CONNECT
TRADING VENUE FOR SWISS BLUE-CHIP EQUITIES.
SIX SWISS EXCHANGE - SIX SWISS EXCHANGE AT MIDPOINT
SWISS OPTIONS AND FINANIAL FUTURES EXCHANGE
MID/SMALL CAP EQUITY, FUNDS, ETFS, BOND SEGMENT. WWW.SIX-GROUP.COM/EN/PRODUCTS-SERVICES/THE-SWISS-STOCK-EXCHANGE.HTML
REGISTERED MARKET FOR EQUITIES IN JAPAN.
TALLINN STOCK EXCHANGE - REGULATED MARKET
XTAR DELETED, XTAL SHOULD BE USED. NO REAL DIFFERNCES BEWEEN BOTH SEGMENTS.
TOKYO STOCK EXCHANGE'S TOSTNET-3 MARKET IS AN OFF-AUCTION MARKET DESIGNED FOR ISSUER'S SHARE BUYBACK.
TOYOHASHI KANKEN TORIHIKIJO (DRIED COCOON EXCHANGE) - CHUBU COMMODITY EXCHANGE
BUDAPEST STOCK EXCHANGE MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY (MTF).
OTC ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM FOR ENERGY PRODUCTS.
INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, LLC - TOPAZ
ORDERS ROUTING SYSTEM FOR CRYPTOCURRENCIES EXCHANGES.
ZAGREB MONEY AND SHORT TERM SECURITIES MARKET INC
EQUITY, FX, FIXED INCOME AND COMMODITY PRODUCTS.
AQUIS EXCHANGE PLC - AMP - DARK ORDER BOOK
UBS MTF LIMITED - PERIODIC AUCTION ORDER BOOK
REGISTERED STOCK EXCHANGE WITH SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE BOARD OF INDIA FOR OFFERRING CURRENCY DERIVATIVES.
ALTERNATIVE MARKET-FIRST NORTH LITHUANIA
MIC IS NOW FNLT. MARKET NOT USED YET, SO IMPACT OF MIC CHANGE IS LIMITED.
WIENER BOERSE AG, WERTPAPIERBOERSE (SECURITIES EXCHANGE)
BOLSA DE VALORES Y PRODUCTOS DE ASUNCION SA
SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER. REGISTERED MARKET FOR FX OTC DERIVATIVES.
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/EQUITIES/MAIN MARKET
INTERCONTINENTAL EXCHANGE - ICE FUTURES CANADA
WINNIPEG COMMODITY EXCHANGE BECAME ICE FUTURES CANADA SINCE JANUARY 1ST, 2008
REGISTERED ELECTRONIC ATS FOR US EQUITIES.
XXSC WILL COMPRISE THE INFORMATION FOR "FRAA" AND "FRAB". QUOTE AND TRADE INFORMATION IS DISTRIBUTED VIA CEF (CONSOLIDATED EXCHANGE FEED), THEREFORE THE SHORT NAME "FRANKFURT CEF SC" REFERS TO CEF AND SC TO SCOACH.
YOKOHAMA COMMODITY EXCHANGE (WRONGLY RENAMED TOKYO GRAIN EXCHANGE SEPT 2006)
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY OF THE ZAGREB STOCK EXCHANGE.
MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES.
COMHAR CAPITAL MARKETS, LLC - US EQUITIES
CALCULATION AGENT AND SETTLEMENT PLATFORM.
ZURCHER KANTONALBANK SECURITIES EXCHANGE
BOLSA Y MERCADOS DE VALORES DE LA REPUBLICA DOMINICANA, S.A.
MALDIVES STOCK EXCHANGE COMPANY PVT. LTD
MIAMI INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, LLC
OFF-EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS - LISTED AND UNLISTED INSTRUMENTS
OFF-EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS - LISTED INSTRUMENTS
SOCIETE DE GESTION DE LA BOURSE DES VALEURS (SGBV)
24X NATIONAL EXCHANGE - DARK market segment-level market identifier
24X NATIONAL EXCHANGE LLC operating-level market identifier
24 EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SSY FUTURES LTD - FREIGHT SCREEN operating-level market identifier
360X DLT - MTF market segment-level market identifier
360X MTF market segment-level market identifier
3DXE market segment-level market identifier
CTSE NOMINEES operating-level market identifier
CREDIT AGRICOLE CIB operating-level market identifier
ATHENS EXCHANGE - APA facility market identifier
ASSENT ATS operating-level market identifier
ABANCA operating-level market identifier
ALPHA BANK operating-level market identifier
ABN AMRO BANK NV operating-level market identifier
ABN AMRO CLEARING BANK operating-level market identifier
ALM. BRAND BANK operating-level market identifier
BULGARIAN STOCK EXCHANGE - ALTERNATIVE MARKET market segment-level market identifier
VENOMEX LIMITED (EX. YOSHI MARKETS) market segment-level market identifier
ACE DERIVATIVES AND COMMODITY EXCHANGE LTD operating-level market identifier
KCG ACKNOWLEDGE FI market segment-level market identifier
ACX CLEARING CORPORATION LTD. operating-level market identifier
ALPHA DRK market segment-level market identifier
ADVISE TECHNOLOGIES - APA TRANSPARENCY REPORTING facility market identifier
ABIDE FINANCIAL DRSP LIMITED APA facility market identifier
AGRICULTURAL FUTURES EXCHANGE OF THAILAND operating-level market identifier
AFRINEX LIMITED operating-level market identifier
AFS - OTF operating-level market identifier
AFS E-VENUES B.V. operating-level market identifier
AFS - OTF - INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
AFS - OTF - STRUCTURED PRODUCTS market segment-level market identifier
AFS - OTF - BONDS market segment-level market identifier
AFS - OTF - FX FORWARDS market segment-level market identifier
ACCESS FINTECH operating-level market identifier
A AND G BANCA PRIVADA SAU operating-level market identifier
ARRACO IRELAND LTD operating-level market identifier
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE - AIM MTF market segment-level market identifier
AIXECUTE operating-level market identifier
ASTANA INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE LTD operating-level market identifier
AKIS - BANCO BPM operating-level market identifier
NYSE ALTERNEXT DARK market segment-level market identifier
ALLT - OTF operating-level market identifier
ALPHAX US operating-level market identifier
AKTIESELSKABET ARBEJDERNES LANDSBANK operating-level market identifier
JSE ALTERNATE EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT - ALTERNEXT AMSTERDAM market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT GROWTH BRUSSELS market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT GROWTH LISBON market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT GROWTH PARIS market segment-level market identifier
AMERICAN LEDGER ATS operating-level market identifier
AMMAN STOCK EXCHANGE - NON-LISTED SECURITIES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
ASSET MATCH PRIVATE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MTS NETHERLANDS market segment-level market identifier
NYSE AMERICAN OPTIONS market segment-level market identifier
AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND BANKING GROUP LIMITED market segment-level market identifier
ABBEY NATIONAL TREASURY SERVICES PLC operating-level market identifier
AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND BANKING GROUP LIMITED - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER operating-level market identifier
WIENER BOERSE AG - APA facility market identifier
ASIA PACIFIC CLEAR market segment-level market identifier
ASIA PACIFIC EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SYDNEY STOCK EXCHANGE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
AQUIS EXCHANGE EUROPE AUCTION ON DEMAND (AOD) market segment-level market identifier
AQUIS EXCHANGE EUROPE NON DISPLAY ORDER BOOK (NDOB) market segment-level market identifier
AQUIS EXCHANGE EUROPE operating-level market identifier
AQSE MAIN MARKET (NON-EQUITY) market segment-level market identifier
AQUIS STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
AQSE GROWTH MARKET (NON-EQUITY) market segment-level market identifier
AQSE GROWTH MARKET (EQUITY) market segment-level market identifier
AQSE MAIN MARKET (EQUITY) market segment-level market identifier
AQSE TRADING (NON-EQUITY) market segment-level market identifier
AQSE TRADING (EQUITY) market segment-level market identifier
AQUA EQUITIES L.P. operating-level market identifier
AQUIS EXCHANGE PLC AUCTION ON DEMAND (AOD) market segment-level market identifier
AQUIS EXCHANGE PLC AMP NON DISPLAY ORDER BOOK market segment-level market identifier
AQUIS EXCHANGE PLC operating-level market identifier
ARRACO GLOBAL MARKETS LTD operating-level market identifier
ARCHAX EUROPE - BONDS market segment-level market identifier
ARCA DARK market segment-level market identifier
ARCHAX EUROPE - MTF (MADRID) operating-level market identifier
ARCHAX operating-level market identifier
NYSE ARCA OPTIONS market segment-level market identifier
NYSE ARCA market segment-level market identifier
ARCHAX - DIGITAL ASSETS market segment-level market identifier
AREX - AUTOMATED RECEIVABLES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ARIAN TRADING FACILITY operating-level market identifier
ARKONIS operating-level market identifier
ARTEX GLOBAL MARKETS AG operating-level market identifier
AEGIS SWAP EXECUTION FACILITY operating-level market identifier
ATHENS STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
INTELLIGENTCROSS ASPEN MAKER/TAKER market segment-level market identifier
INTELLIGENTCROSS ASPEN INVERTED market segment-level market identifier
INTELLIGENTCROSS ASPEN INTELLIGENT BID/OFFER market segment-level market identifier
CLEARCORP DEALING SYSTEMS INDIA LIMITED - ASTROID market segment-level market identifier
ASX BOOKBUILD market segment-level market identifier
ASX - CENTRE POINT market segment-level market identifier
ASX - PUREMATCH market segment-level market identifier
ASX TRADEMATCH market segment-level market identifier
ASX - VOLUMEMATCH market segment-level market identifier
ATADEL FUNDS operating-level market identifier
AUTOMATED TRADING DESK FINANCIAL SERVICES, LLC operating-level market identifier
ATFUND MTF market segment-level market identifier
ATHLOS CAPITAL INVESTMENT SERVICES LTD operating-level market identifier
BRAEMAR SECURITIES LTD operating-level market identifier
ATONLINE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
ALPHA VENTURE PLUS operating-level market identifier
XCHANGE ALPHA operating-level market identifier
AUREL - OTF market segment-level market identifier
AUTILLA - BASE METALS market segment-level market identifier
AUTOBAHN FX market segment-level market identifier
AUTILLA - PRECIOUS METALS market segment-level market identifier
AUTILLA operating-level market identifier
AQUIS EXCHANGE EUROPE - AQUIS VWAP MATCH (AVM) market segment-level market identifier
AQUIS EXCHANGE LIMITED - AQUIS VWAP MATCH (AVM) market segment-level market identifier
AUSTRALIAN WHEAT BOARD operating-level market identifier
AUSTRALIAN WOOL EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
AXIOLOGY operating-level market identifier
ALEXANDRIA PANKKIIRILIIKE OYJ operating-level market identifier
BAADER BANK operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE CEREALES DE BUENOS AIRES operating-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA SECURITIES - CENTRAL RISK market segment-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH EQUITY SWAP - EXTERNAL PRICE SOURCE market segment-level market identifier
BAIKAL operating-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH EQUITY SWAP - INTERNAL PRICE SOURCE operating-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH - JAPAN INSTINCT X operating-level market identifier
BARBADOS STOCK EXCHANGE - JUNIOR MARKET market segment-level market identifier
THE BALTIC EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH INSTINCT X ATS operating-level market identifier
MERR POOL XLN operating-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH GCX operating-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION operating-level market identifier
BLOOMBERG - APA facility market identifier
BLOOMBERG DATA REPORTING SERVICES B.V. - APA facility market identifier
BALTPOOL operating-level market identifier
BARCLAYS FX - TRADING market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET DARK BOOK market segment-level market identifier
BARCLAYS LIQUID MARKETS market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET OFF BOOK market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET INTEGRATED BOOK market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET DARK BOOK (NL) market segment-level market identifier
BARCLAYS ATS operating-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH - SWAP EXECUTIONS operating-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION - LONDON BRANCH OFFICE - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA SECURITIES EQUITY SWAP - SYNTHETIC PRICE SOURCE market segment-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH - SIMPLEX BLAST X operating-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - BXE DARK ORDER BOOK market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - BXE ORDER BOOKS market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - BXE OFF-BOOK market segment-level market identifier
CBOE BZX OPTIONS EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - BXE PERIODIC market segment-level market identifier
CBOE BZX U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
CBOE BYX U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
BARCLAYS BANK IRELAND PLC operating-level market identifier
BARCLAYS BANK IRELAND PLC - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
BONDBLOX EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BARCLAYS SINGLE DEALER PLATFORM market segment-level market identifier
BLOOMBERG SEF LLC operating-level market identifier
BARCLAYS BANK PLC - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
BLOOMBERG SEF LLC - SECURITY-BASED SWAP EXECUTION FACILITY (SBSEF) market segment-level market identifier
BB SECURITIES LTD operating-level market identifier
BANCO BILBAO VIZCAYA ARGENTARIA S.A operating-level market identifier
BITSTAMP GLOBAL facility market identifier
BANCO BILBAO VIZCAYA ARGENTARIA S.A. - UK operating-level market identifier
BARCLAYS DIRECT EX ATS market segment-level market identifier
BANQUE ET CAISSE D'EPARGNE DE L'ETAT, LUXEMBOURG - BCEE operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE COMERCIO DE SANTA FE operating-level market identifier
BANCA MARCH S.A. operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE CEREAIS E MERCADORIAS DE MARINGA operating-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE REGULATED MARKETS operating-level market identifier
BROKERCREDITSERVICE (CYPRUS) LIMITED operating-level market identifier
BELARUS CURRENCY AND STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BARCLAYS CAPITAL SECURITIES LIMITED - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
BARCLAYS CAPITAL SECURITIES LIMITED operating-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE EQUITIES operating-level market identifier
BAYERNLB - IDEAL FX market segment-level market identifier
BANQUE DEGROOF PETERCAM LUXEMBOURG S.A. operating-level market identifier
DSK BANK EAD operating-level market identifier
MTS ASSOCIATED MARKETS operating-level market identifier
BULGARIAN ENERGY TRADING PLATFORM operating-level market identifier
BOND ELECTRONIC EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BANCA ETICA operating-level market identifier
BELFIUS BANK NV/SA operating-level market identifier
BELFIUS BANK NV/SA FIXED INCOME market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE BERLIN - REGULIERTER MARKT market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE BERLIN - FREIVERKEHR market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE BERLIN - BERLIN SECOND REGULATED MARKET market segment-level market identifier
BITSTAMP EUROPE facility market identifier
BETA MARKET market segment-level market identifier
BLOOMBERG TRADEBOOK JAPAN LIMITED operating-level market identifier
BET OTC BILAT COMMODITY DERIVATIVES operating-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - BXE DARK ORDER BOOK (NL) market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - BXE ORDER BOOKS (NL) market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - BXE OFF-BOOK (NL) market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET OFF BOOK (NL) market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - DXE PERIODIC (NL) market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET INTEGRATED BOOK (NL) market segment-level market identifier
BAHRAIN FINANCIAL EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BANCO FINANTIA S.A. operating-level market identifier
BITSTAMP DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BGC PARTNERS (AUSTRALIA) PTY LTD operating-level market identifier
BGC BROKERS LP - TRAYPORT market segment-level market identifier
BGC DERIVATIVE MARKETS L.P. market segment-level market identifier
BGC FINANCIAL INC operating-level market identifier
BGC BROKERS LP operating-level market identifier
BGC SHOKEN KAISHA LTD - ETP operating-level market identifier
BGC BROKERS LP - MTF market segment-level market identifier
BGC BROKERS LP - OTF market segment-level market identifier
BORSA ITALIANA GLOBAL EQUITY MARKET market segment-level market identifier
BERENBERG FIXED INCOME market segment-level market identifier
BERENBERG FIXED INCOME UK market segment-level market identifier
BERENBERG FX market segment-level market identifier
BALKAN GAS HUB EAD operating-level market identifier
BGL BNP PARIBAS operating-level market identifier
BGC PARTNERS SINGAPORE RMO operating-level market identifier
BERENBERG operating-level market identifier
BERENBERG UK operating-level market identifier
CBOE SEF, LLC operating-level market identifier
BANK HANDLOWY W WARSZAWIE S.A. operating-level market identifier
BIDS TRADING L.P. operating-level market identifier
OFF-EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS - LISTED AND UNLISTED INSTRUMENTS operating-level market identifier
BANQUE INTERNATIONALE A LUXEMBOURG S.A. operating-level market identifier
BOND INVEST operating-level market identifier
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL BANK - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
BOLSA INSTITUCIONAL DE VALORES operating-level market identifier
BEIJING STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BNY MELLON S.A./N.V. - BRUSSELS BRANCH - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
BNY MELLON S.A./N.V. - BRUSSELS BRANCH operating-level market identifier
BNY MELLON MARKETS EUROPE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON market segment-level market identifier
THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON - LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
BKS BANK AG operating-level market identifier
BAYERNLB operating-level market identifier
BANJA LUKA STOCK EXCHANGE - FREE MARKET market segment-level market identifier
BAYERNLB - BONDS MARKET market segment-level market identifier
BAYERNLB - EQUITIES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
BLOCK EVENT operating-level market identifier
BAYERNLB - FX DERIVATIVES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
BAYERNLB - LIQP BONDS MARKET market segment-level market identifier
INSTINET BLOCKCROSS ATS market segment-level market identifier
BLINK MTF market segment-level market identifier
BLOCKMATCH UK DARK market segment-level market identifier
BELGIAN POWER EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BLOOMBERG TRADEBOOK LLC operating-level market identifier
BALTEX - FREIGHT DERIVATIVES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
PRO SECURITIES ATS operating-level market identifier
BANQUE DE LUXEMBOURG operating-level market identifier
INSTINET BLX (AU) operating-level market identifier
BME CLEARING S.A. market segment-level market identifier
BMO CAPITAL MARKETS LIMITED operating-level market identifier
BME - BOLSAS Y MERCADOS ESPANOLES operating-level market identifier
BMFMS-ATS market segment-level market identifier
DERIVATIVES REGULATED MARKET - BMFMS market segment-level market identifier
SIBIU MONETARY- FINANCIAL AND COMMODITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BANK OF MONTREAL - LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL BANK DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY operating-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL BANK DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL BANK DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY market segment-level market identifier
BLOOMBERG TRADING FACILITY LIMITED operating-level market identifier
MTS BELGIUM market segment-level market identifier
BINANCE operating-level market identifier
TRADEWEB DIRECT LLC market segment-level market identifier
BONDS.COM, INC. operating-level market identifier
BANCA NAZIONALE DEL LAVORO SPA operating-level market identifier
BNP PARIBAS ARBITRAGE SNC operating-level market identifier
BNPP CORTEX ATS operating-level market identifier
BNP PARIBAS FORTIS SA/NV operating-level market identifier
BNPP CORTEX EQUITIES operating-level market identifier
BNP PARIBAS SA LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
BANK BGZ BNP PARIBAS S.A. operating-level market identifier
BNP PARIBAS SA operating-level market identifier
BNP PARIBAS ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM operating-level market identifier
THE BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA operating-level market identifier
BLOCKMATCH UK NT market segment-level market identifier
CONVERGEX operating-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION - LONDON BRANCH OFFICE market segment-level market identifier
CINNOBER BOAT operating-level market identifier
BANK OF CHINA LIMITED - FRANKFURT BRANCH operating-level market identifier
BANK OF SCOTLAND PLC operating-level market identifier
BONDVISION ITALIA market segment-level market identifier
BONDSCAPE operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ OMX BX DARK market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/BONDS/CATALYST/BONDSPOT/MTF market segment-level market identifier
BRUCE ATS operating-level market identifier
OFF EXCHANGE IDENTIFIER FOR OTC TRADES REPORTED TO CBOE EUROPE facility market identifier
BOTSWANA STOCK EXCHANGE - EXCHANGE TRADED FUNDS (ETF) market segment-level market identifier
BOTSWANA STOCK EXCHANGE - VENTURE CAPITAL market segment-level market identifier
BOLSA DE CORREDORES - BOLSA DE VALORES operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALORES MINAS-ESPIRITO SANTO-BRASILIA operating-level market identifier
BANK PICTET & CIE (EUROPE) AG operating-level market identifier
BANCA PASSADORE operating-level market identifier
PKO BANK POLSKI S.A. operating-level market identifier
BARCLAYS BANK PLC operating-level market identifier
BLOOMBERG BPOOL operating-level market identifier
BNP PARIBAS SECURITIES SERVICES operating-level market identifier
BITSTAMP ASIA PTE. LTD. facility market identifier
BPX MARKETS LIMITED - DEBT INSTRUMENTS market segment-level market identifier
BPX MARKETS LIMITED - REPO market segment-level market identifier
BPX MARKETS LIMITED operating-level market identifier
BRAEMAR SECURITIES LTD - OTF market segment-level market identifier
BRD - GROUPE SOCIETE GENERALE S.A. operating-level market identifier
BRD - GROUPE SOCIETE GENERALE S.A. - LIQUIDITY PROVIDER market segment-level market identifier
BRD - GROUPE SOCIETE GENERALE S.A. - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
BANCA REALE operating-level market identifier
BRED BANQUE POPULAIRE operating-level market identifier
BLOCKMATCH UK SELECT market segment-level market identifier
BRYAN GARNIER AND CO LIMITED operating-level market identifier
BRAZILIAN ENERGY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ROMANIAN COMMODITIES EXCHANGE - BRM-SMT market segment-level market identifier
BERNSTEIN CROSS (BERN-X) operating-level market identifier
BANCO DE SABADELL, S.A. operating-level market identifier
BRAEMAR SECURITIES ESPANA SA - OTF operating-level market identifier
BAKU STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BAYERNLB - FX HANDEL market segment-level market identifier
INTELLIGENTCROSS - BSGX market segment-level market identifier
BANCO SANTANDER, LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
BSE SME market segment-level market identifier
BNP PARIBAS SECURITIES SERVICES LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
BOSTON SECURITY TOKEN EXCHANGE LLC operating-level market identifier
CME AMSTERDAM B.V. operating-level market identifier
BLOOMBERG TRADEBOOK SINGAPORE PTE LTD operating-level market identifier
BROKERTEC AMERICAS LLC - CHICAGO market segment-level market identifier
BROKERTEC AMERICAS LLC operating-level market identifier
BROKERTEC EUROPE LIMITED - ALL MARKETS operating-level market identifier
BROKERTEC AMERICAS LLC - RFQ PLATFORM market segment-level market identifier
BLOOMBERG TRADING FACILITY B.V. operating-level market identifier
BTL OTC BILAT COMMODITY DERIVATIVES operating-level market identifier
BITNOMIAL operating-level market identifier
CME AMSTERDAM B.V. - RFQ TRADING PROTOCOL market segment-level market identifier
BROKERTEC EUROPE LIMITED - RFQ TRADING PROTOCOL market segment-level market identifier
BANCA TRANSILVANIA S.A. operating-level market identifier
TUNIS STOCK EXCHANGE (BOURSE DE TUNIS) - BONDS MARKET market segment-level market identifier
BITSTAMP UK LTD facility market identifier
NASDAQ COMMODITIES - BULK COMMODITY market segment-level market identifier
BURGUNDY NORDIC MTF market segment-level market identifier
BURGUNDY REGULATED MARKET market segment-level market identifier
BITSTAMP USA, INC. facility market identifier
LCH LTD - BUY IN market segment-level market identifier
CARACAS STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
B3 S.A. - BRASIL BOLSA BALCAO operating-level market identifier
BONDVISION UK market segment-level market identifier
BOLSA ELECTRONICA DE VALORES DEL URUGUAY operating-level market identifier
BONDVISION US market segment-level market identifier
BX DIGITAL operating-level market identifier
CBOE BYX U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE DARK market segment-level market identifier
CBOE BZX U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE DARK market segment-level market identifier
CBOE C2 OPTIONS EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
CAIXABANK operating-level market identifier
CME AMSTERDAM B.V. - APA facility market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE AES CROSSFINDER market segment-level market identifier
CLSA AMERICAS - LIQUIDITY HUB operating-level market identifier
CANDEAL.CA INC operating-level market identifier
CANNEX FINANCIAL EXCHANGE LTS operating-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - APA (NL) facility market identifier
CAPI - OTF operating-level market identifier
CREDIT AGRICOLE BANK POLSKA S.A. operating-level market identifier
CAPITOLIS OTF operating-level market identifier
CARNEGIE INVESTMENT BANK AB operating-level market identifier
FORECASTEX, LLC operating-level market identifier
CAVENDISH MARKETS B.V. operating-level market identifier
CAVEAT EMPTOR market segment-level market identifier
THE CAZENOVE MTF operating-level market identifier
COMMONWEALTH BANK OF AUSTRALIA (EUROPE) N.V. operating-level market identifier
COMMONWEALTH BANK OF AUSTRALIA - LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
COMMERZBANK AG operating-level market identifier
COMMERZBANK COMMODITY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
COMMERZBANK EQUITY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
COMMERZBANK EQUITY market segment-level market identifier
COMMERZBANK COMMANDER market segment-level market identifier
COMMERZBANK FIXED INCOME market segment-level market identifier
COMMERZBANK INTEREST RATE SWAPS market segment-level market identifier
CITIBLOC market segment-level market identifier
CREDITEX BROKERAGE LLP operating-level market identifier
CBM SARB operating-level market identifier
CITIBANK N.A. LONDON operating-level market identifier
CBOE FX NDFS operating-level market identifier
CESKOSLOVENSKA OBCHODNA BANKA, A.S. operating-level market identifier
CBOE STOCK EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
CME SWAPS MARKETS (CBOT) market segment-level market identifier
CICADA ATS operating-level market identifier
CITADEL CONNECT EUROPE operating-level market identifier
CASPY COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
CHICAGO CLIMATE FUTURES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
CHINA FINANCIAL FUTURES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
FINESTI S.A. operating-level market identifier
CONTINENTAL CAPITAL MARKETS LIMITED - OTF operating-level market identifier
CONTINENTAL CAPITAL MARKETS S.A. operating-level market identifier
CARTAX operating-level market identifier
CANTORCO2E.COM LIMITED operating-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE REGULATED MARKETS (NL) operating-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE EQUITIES - EUROPEAN EQUITIES (NL) operating-level market identifier
CITADEL SECURITIES operating-level market identifier
CITADEL SECURITIES ATS operating-level market identifier
NORTH AMERICAN DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE, INC. operating-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE (DEUTSCHLAND) AG market segment-level market identifier
CLEARCORP DEALING SYSTEMS (INDIA) LTD. operating-level market identifier
CECABANK operating-level market identifier
CME SWAPS MARKETS (COMEX) market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
CESKOSLOVENSKA OBCHODNI BANKA, A.S. - OTHER LIQUIDITY PROVIDER (OLP) market segment-level market identifier
CITIBANK EUROPE PLC operating-level market identifier
CITIBANK EUROPE PLC - LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
RESURETY MARKETS operating-level market identifier
CESKOSLOVENSKA OBCHODNI BANKA, A.S. - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
CETIP S.A. - MERCADOS ORGANIZADOS market segment-level market identifier
BONDSPOT S.A. market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - DXE DARK ORDER BOOK (NL) market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - CXE ORDER BOOKS (NL) market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - DXE OFF-BOOK (NL) market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - DXE ORDER BOOKS (NL) market segment-level market identifier
CROSSFINDER AUSTRALIA market segment-level market identifier
CHINA FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRADE SYSTEM - SHANGHAI - HONG KONG BOND CONNECT market segment-level market identifier
CROSSFINDER HONG KONG market segment-level market identifier
CHINAFICC operating-level market identifier
CREDIT FINANCIER INVEST (CFI) LTD operating-level market identifier
CANTOR FITZGERALD IRELAND LIMITED operating-level market identifier
CBOE FIXED INCOME MARKETS, LLC operating-level market identifier
CROSSFINDER JAPAN market segment-level market identifier
CROSSFINDER TAIWAN operating-level market identifier
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA - COLLATERALIZED MONEY MARKET GUARANTEE SERVICE market segment-level market identifier
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA - BONDS CCP SERVICE market segment-level market identifier
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA - EURO BONDS CCP SERVICE market segment-level market identifier
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS EUROPE AG - EMEA LIQUIDITY HUB market segment-level market identifier
CITI MATCH DE CONTRA LIQUIDITY market segment-level market identifier
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS EUROPE AG - EMEA TRADING market segment-level market identifier
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA - CCP AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA operating-level market identifier
CITI MATCH AUSTRALIA operating-level market identifier
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS LIMITED - EMEA LIQUIDITY HUB market segment-level market identifier
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS EUROPE AG operating-level market identifier
CITI MATCH - GB market segment-level market identifier
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS EUROPE AG - LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
CITI MATCH - HK operating-level market identifier
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS operating-level market identifier
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS LIMITED operating-level market identifier
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS LIMITED - EMEA TRADING market segment-level market identifier
CITI MATCH GB CONTRA LIQUIDITY market segment-level market identifier
CITI MEXICO RPI (RETAIL PRICE IMPROVEMENT) operating-level market identifier
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA - CCP ENERGY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA - CCP EQUITY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA - EQUITY CCP SERVICE market segment-level market identifier
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA SPA - TRIPARTY REPO CCP SERVICE market segment-level market identifier
ONECHRONOS operating-level market identifier
CA CHEUVREUX operating-level market identifier
CBOE AUSTRALIA operating-level market identifier
CHI-X CANADA ATS operating-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - CXE DARK ORDER BOOK market segment-level market identifier
CHI-EAST operating-level market identifier
CBOE JAPAN - ALPHA operating-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - CXE OFF-BOOK market segment-level market identifier
CBOE JAPAN - SELECT market segment-level market identifier
CBOE JAPAN - MATCH market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - CXE ORDER BOOKS market segment-level market identifier
BATS CHI-X EUROPE LIMITED - CHI-CLEAR market segment-level market identifier
CANADIAN IMPERIAL BANK OF COMMERCE operating-level market identifier
CIB BANK operating-level market identifier
CIBC WORLD MARKETS PLC operating-level market identifier
CITI CROSS market segment-level market identifier
LIQUIDITY HUB JAPAN operating-level market identifier
CIMD S.V. S.A. - APPROVED PUBLICATION ARRANGEMENT facility market identifier
CIMD S.V. S.A. - OTF FOR BONDS market segment-level market identifier
CIMD S.V. S.A. - OTF operating-level market identifier
CIMD S.V. S.A. - OTF FOR ENERGY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
CIMD S.V. S.A. - OTF FOR DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
CIOI market segment-level market identifier
NYSE NATIONAL, INC. - DARK market segment-level market identifier
CITI DARK market segment-level market identifier
CITI MATCH - JP operating-level market identifier
CLSA AUSTRALIA - DARK operating-level market identifier
LCH LTD - CROSS NETTING market segment-level market identifier
CLSA HONG KONG - DARK operating-level market identifier
CLSA JAPAN - DARK operating-level market identifier
CLIMEX operating-level market identifier
CLSA PHILIPPINES - DARK operating-level market identifier
CLEAR STREET operating-level market identifier
EEX ASIA PTE. LTD. operating-level market identifier
VERTO MTF operating-level market identifier
CAPI - APPROVED PUBLICATION ARRANGEMENT market segment-level market identifier
CREDIT INDUSTRIEL ET COMMERCIAL operating-level market identifier
CMC MARKETS UK PLC operating-level market identifier
CME CLEARING EUROPE market segment-level market identifier
CME EUROPE - DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
CME EUROPE operating-level market identifier
CME SWAPS MARKETS (CME) market segment-level market identifier
CLEAR MARKETS JAPAN, INC. operating-level market identifier
CLEAR MARKETS EUROPE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
CLEAR MARKETS NORTH AMERICA, INC. operating-level market identifier
EUROCREDIT MTS market segment-level market identifier
SGX CURRENCYNODE operating-level market identifier
CARNEGIE AS operating-level market identifier
LA COTE ALPHA operating-level market identifier
CODA MARKETS - MICRO AND BLOCK operating-level market identifier
COMHAR CAPITAL MARKETS, LLC operating-level market identifier
COMMERG LTD. operating-level market identifier
COMMERG operating-level market identifier
CONCORDE SECURITIES LTD. operating-level market identifier
CBOE OPTIONS EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
CITIGROUP AGENCY OPTION AND EQUITIES ROUTING ENGINE market segment-level market identifier
BMO CAPITAL MARKETS - CAD OTC TRADES operating-level market identifier
CLEARPOOL EXECUTION SERVICES, LLC operating-level market identifier
CAPTIN operating-level market identifier
CLIMATE TRUST operating-level market identifier
COREDEAL MTS operating-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE (US) operating-level market identifier
CREDEM BANCA operating-level market identifier
CLEARCORP DEALING SYSTEMS INDIA LIMITED - CROMS market segment-level market identifier
CROSSX TECHNOLOGIES LTD operating-level market identifier
CRYEX - FX AND DIGITAL CURRENCIES operating-level market identifier
CRYPTO FACILITIES facility market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE AG operating-level market identifier
CESKA SPORITELNA, A.S. operating-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE EQUITIES (AUSTRALIA) LIMITED operating-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE AES EUROPE BENCHMARK CROSS market segment-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE AES CROSSFINDER EUROPE market segment-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE CLOSEX market segment-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT operating-level market identifier
CANADIAN SECURITIES EXCHANGE - CSE2 market segment-level market identifier
CITADEL SECURITIES FI operating-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE (EUROPE) operating-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE (EUROPE) market segment-level market identifier
CITADEL SECURITIES FI - EUROPE operating-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE SECURITIES (HONG KONG) LIMITED operating-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE INTERNATIONAL operating-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE EQUITIES (JAPAN) LIMITED operating-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE AG - LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE LIGHT POOL market segment-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE BANK (EUROPE), S.A. operating-level market identifier
CESKOSLOVENSKA OBCHODNI BANKA, A.S. operating-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE AG - OHS market segment-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE INTERNATIONAL - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
CHINA STAINLESS STEEL EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ CLEARING AB market segment-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE VWAPX market segment-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE (CH) operating-level market identifier
CLEARTOKEN CCP LIMITED operating-level market identifier
CLEARTOKEN DEPOSITORY LTD operating-level market identifier
CAPE TOWN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
CLEARTOKEN CSD LIMITED operating-level market identifier
CULVERT CAPITAL LLC operating-level market identifier
CUREX FX operating-level market identifier
CBOE AUSTRALIA - BIDS BLOCK TRADE VENUE market segment-level market identifier
CBOE AUSTRALIA - LIMIT VENUE market segment-level market identifier
CBOE AUSTRALIA - ETFS market segment-level market identifier
CBOE AUSTRALIA MARKET PEG (FARPOINT) VENUE market segment-level market identifier
CBOE AUSTRALIA - BIDS PRICE IMPROVEMENT VENUE market segment-level market identifier
CBOE AUSTRALIA MOC market segment-level market identifier
CBOE AUSTRALIA PRIMARY PEG (NEARPOINT) VENUE market segment-level market identifier
CBOE AUSTRALIA MID-POINT VENUE market segment-level market identifier
CBOE AUSTRALIA - QUOTED MANAGED FUNDS market segment-level market identifier
CBOE AUSTRALIA - TRANSFERABLE CUSTODY RECEIPT MARKET market segment-level market identifier
CBOE AUSTRALIA VWAP market segment-level market identifier
CBOE AUSTRALIA - WARRANTS market segment-level market identifier
CREDITEX BROKERAGE LLP - OTF market segment-level market identifier
CREDITEX BROKERAGE LLP - MTF market segment-level market identifier
D2X - CRYPTO DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
D2X MARKET operating-level market identifier
DAIWA CAPITAL MARKETS EUROPE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
GXG MARKETS A/S operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT AMSTERDAM - DARK BOOK FACILITY market segment-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BOERSE AG - APA SERVICE facility market identifier
DASH ATS operating-level market identifier
DANSKE BANK A/S operating-level market identifier
DANSKE BANK A/S - LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
J AND E DAVY - IRISH GOVERNMENT BOND operating-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BANK SECURITIES INC. operating-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BANK AG operating-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BANK - CENTRAL RISK BOOK market segment-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BANK - CLOSE CROSS market segment-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BANK - DIRECT CAPITAL ACCESS market segment-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BOERSE DIGITAL EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BANK AG - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BANK HONG KONG ATS operating-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BANK AG - LONDON operating-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BANK AG - LONDON market segment-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BANK LUXEMBOURG S.A. operating-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BANK - MANUAL OTC market segment-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BANK OFF EXCHANGE TRADING operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT BRUSSELS - DARK BOOK FACILITY market segment-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BANK - SUPERX EU market segment-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BANK SUPER X operating-level market identifier
DBV-X market segment-level market identifier
CASABLANCA STOCK EXCHANGE - DERIVATIVES operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ COPENHAGEN A/S - NORDIC@MID market segment-level market identifier
DUTCH CARIBBEAN SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
DEAL DONE TRADING operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT DUBLIN- DARK BOOK FACILITY market segment-level market identifier
DCX (DERIVATIVES CURRENCY EXCHANGE) operating-level market identifier
DEKABANK DEUTSCHE GIROZENTRALE operating-level market identifier
DEX LIMITED operating-level market identifier
DUBAI GOLD AND COMMODITIES EXCHANGE DMCC operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ HELSINKI LTD - NORDIC@MID market segment-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE HOLDINGS (LUXEMBOURG) S.A R.L. operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ ICELAND HF. - NORDIC@MID market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ DUBAI operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - DANISH EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - DANISH FI DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - OTC DKK WB EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
DANSK OTC operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - DKK WB EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT LISBON - DARK BOOK FACILITY market segment-level market identifier
BOLSA DE MADRID - DARK MIDPOINT market segment-level market identifier
BORSA ITALIANA - DARK BOOK FACILITY market segment-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH DENMARK - NORDIC@MID market segment-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH FINLAND - NORDIC@MID market segment-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH ICELAND - NORDIC@MID market segment-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH SWEDEN - NORDIC@MID market segment-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH SWEDEN - NORWAY NORDIC@MID market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT OSLO - DARK BOOK FACILITY market segment-level market identifier
SWISS DOTS BY CATS operating-level market identifier
DOWGATE EURO GOVERNMENT BONDS market segment-level market identifier
DOWGATE operating-level market identifier
DOWGATE - MTF (MADRID) operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT PARIS - DARK BOOK FACILITY market segment-level market identifier
DAIWA DRECT operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT UK - REPORTING SERVICES facility market identifier
QATAR STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH DENMARK -SME GROWTH MARKET market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - NORDIC@MID market segment-level market identifier
GULF MERCANTILE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BOERSE DUESSELDORF - REGULIERTER MARKT market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE DUESSELDORF - FREIVERKEHR market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE DUESSELDORF - QUOTRIX - REGULIERTER MARKT market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE DUESSELDORF - QUOTRIX MTF market segment-level market identifier
DIGITAL VEGA operating-level market identifier
DEALERWEB FIXED INCOME operating-level market identifier
DRIVEWEALTH INSTITUTIONAL LLC operating-level market identifier
DW SEF LLC market segment-level market identifier
DZ BANK operating-level market identifier
MTS REPO - AGENCY CASH MANAGEMENT market segment-level market identifier
ERSTE BANK HUNGARY ZRT. operating-level market identifier
BLOCKMATCH EUROPE DARK market segment-level market identifier
EBM - MTF market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - EUR FI DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
BRATISLAVA STOCK EXCHANGE - MTF market segment-level market identifier
EBS MARKET- CLOB - FOR THE TRADING OF SPOT FX, PRECIOUS METALS AND OTHER FX PRODUCTS market segment-level market identifier
EBS MTF - RFQ - FOR THE TRADING OF FX PRODUCTS market segment-level market identifier
EBS MTF - FX PRODUCTS - RFQ SEGMENT market segment-level market identifier
EBS MTF - RFQ - FOR ASSET MANAGERS TRADING FX PRODUCTS market segment-level market identifier
EBS MTF - CLOB - FOR THE TRADING OF FX PRODUCTS market segment-level market identifier
EBS MTF operating-level market identifier
EBS UK MTF - TAILORED ORDER BOOKS market segment-level market identifier
EBS SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED - ALL MARKETS operating-level market identifier
EBS MTF market segment-level market identifier
LEVEL ATS - VWAP CROSS market segment-level market identifier
EUREX CLEARING AG operating-level market identifier
EUREX CLEARING ASIA PTE. LTD. operating-level market identifier
TRADECHO EU APA facility market identifier
EUREX CLEARING AG - SME market segment-level market identifier
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE - APA facility market identifier
REFINITIV TRANSACTION SERVICES LIMITED - FX SPOT ECN market segment-level market identifier
ENTERPRISE COMMODITY SERVICES LIMITED operating-level market identifier
EUROPEAN CLIMATE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT DUBLIN - TRADED BONDS market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EDGX U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE DARK market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EDGA U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EDGA U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE DARK market segment-level market identifier
BATS DIRECT EDGE operating-level market identifier
GLOBAL EXCHANGE MARKET - TRADED BONDS market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EDGX OPTIONS EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EDGX U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
EDMOND DE ROTHSCHILD (FRANCE) operating-level market identifier
EDX MARKETS operating-level market identifier
EUREX EXCHANGE ASIA PTE. LTD. operating-level market identifier
EAST EUROPEAN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
EQUITY EXPRESS SECURITIES EXCHANGE (EESE) operating-level market identifier
ENERGIEFINANZ TRADING PLATFORM operating-level market identifier
EG MARKET TECHNOLOGIES operating-level market identifier
ERSTE GROUP BANK AG operating-level market identifier
AQUIS EXCHANGE PLC AQUIS - EIX INFRASTRUCTURE BOND MARKET market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ OSLO ASA - EUROPEAN POWER AND GAS DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
ELIXIUM market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ OSLO ASA - NORDIC POWER DERIVATIVES AND EUROPEAN UNION ALLOWANCES market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ OSLO ASA - SWEDISH ELECTRICITY CERTIFICATE market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ COMMODITIES - GBP POWER/ENERGY market segment-level market identifier
ELIXIUM S.A. operating-level market identifier
EURO MTF 3S market segment-level market identifier
EMERGING MARKETS BOND EXCHANGE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
ROMANIAN COMMODITIES EXCHANGE - OTF market segment-level market identifier
FINACOR EMATCH market segment-level market identifier
E-MID - E-MIDER MARKET market segment-level market identifier
E-MID - BANCA D'ITALIA SHARES TRADING MARKET market segment-level market identifier
E-MID REPO market segment-level market identifier
MIAX EMERALD, LLC market segment-level market identifier
EURO MTF market segment-level market identifier
EBM market segment-level market identifier
ATHENS EXCHANGE ALTERNATIVE MARKET market segment-level market identifier
ENCLEAR operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT MARKETS SINGAPORE PTE. LTD. operating-level market identifier
ENGNSOL - OMP market segment-level market identifier
SEB ENSKILDA market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT SYNAPSE market segment-level market identifier
BLOCKMATCH EUROPE NT market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT - EASY NEXT market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT ACCESS LISBON market segment-level market identifier
EPEX SPOT SE operating-level market identifier
MIAX PEARL EQUITIES EXCHANGE DARK market segment-level market identifier
MIAX PEARL EQUITIES market segment-level market identifier
EQUILEND CANADA CORP. operating-level market identifier
EQUILEND LIMITED operating-level market identifier
EQUILEND EUROPE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
EQUOS SPOT market segment-level market identifier
EQUOS DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
EQUILEND LIMITED - SWAPS market segment-level market identifier
EQUILEND EUROPE LIMITED - SWAPS market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE BERLIN EQUIDUCT TRADING - REGULIERTER MARKT market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE BERLIN EQUIDUCT TRADING - BERLIN SECOND REGULATED MARKET market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE BERLIN EQUIDUCT TRADING - FREIVERKEHR market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE BERLIN EQUIDUCT TRADING - OTC market segment-level market identifier
EQUILEND LLC operating-level market identifier
BX WORLDCAPS market segment-level market identifier
EUROBANK operating-level market identifier
BLOCKMATCH EUROPE SELECT market segment-level market identifier
CBOE DIGITAL EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ERSTE BEFEKTETESI ZRT operating-level market identifier
ENGNSOL operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ OMX ESPEED market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - NORWAY ETF market segment-level market identifier
ELECTRONIC ETF, ETC/ETN AND OPEN-END FUNDS MARKET market segment-level market identifier
EUROTLX market segment-level market identifier
ETORO EU operating-level market identifier
ENERGY TRADING PLATFORM AMSTERDAM operating-level market identifier
ETS EURASIAN TRADING SYSTEM COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ATHENS EXCHANGE EUAS MARKET market segment-level market identifier
CITADEL CONNECT EUROPE - EU operating-level market identifier
EUREX ZURICH operating-level market identifier
EURO-FINANCE AD operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - OTC EUR WB EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
EUREX REPO MARKET market segment-level market identifier
EUREX CH SECLEND MARKET market segment-level market identifier
EUREX OTC SPOT MARKET market segment-level market identifier
EUWAX AG operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - EUR WB EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
EUWAX market segment-level market identifier
EVOLUTION MARKETS operating-level market identifier
TURKISH MERCANTILE EXCHANGE - ELECTRONIC WAREHOUSE RECEIPT MARKET market segment-level market identifier
EUROPEAN WHOLESALE SECURITIES MARKET operating-level market identifier
WIENER BOERSE AG, AUSTRIAN ENERGY EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - BID-OFFER CROSSING market segment-level market identifier
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - CLOSING PRICE market segment-level market identifier
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - DIRECT CAPITAL ACCESS market segment-level market identifier
EXANE BNP PARIBAS operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT GROWTH MILAN market segment-level market identifier
ELECTRONX operating-level market identifier
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - LIQUIDITY PROVISION market segment-level market identifier
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - MID POINT market segment-level market identifier
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - CHILD ORDER CROSSING market segment-level market identifier
EXOTIX CAPITAL - OTF operating-level market identifier
EXPANDI MARKET market segment-level market identifier
EXPERT MARKET market segment-level market identifier
EXANE DERIVATIVES CORPORATE BONDS market segment-level market identifier
EXANE DERIVATIVES OTC DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER operating-level market identifier
EXANE DERIVATIVES OTHER BONDS market segment-level market identifier
EXANE DERIVATIVES SHARES market segment-level market identifier
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - GB market segment-level market identifier
EXANE DERIVATIVES STRUCTURED PRODUCTS market segment-level market identifier
EXANE DERIVATIVES operating-level market identifier
ENERGY EXCHANGE ISTANBUL operating-level market identifier
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - VOLUME PROFILE CROSSING market segment-level market identifier
EXANE DERIVATIVES CONVERTIBLES market segment-level market identifier
CANTOR SPREADFAIR operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT FX operating-level market identifier
FINECO BANK operating-level market identifier
CHICAGO BOARD OF TRADE (FLOOR) market segment-level market identifier
CHICAGO MERCANTILE EXCHANGE (FLOOR) market segment-level market identifier
KAASUPORSSI - FINNISH GAS EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
FINSTREET GLOBAL MARKETS operating-level market identifier
FINSTREET GLOBAL MARKETS - PRIVATE MARKET market segment-level market identifier
FINANCIALCONTENT operating-level market identifier
FINANCIAL INFORMATION CONTRIBUTORS EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - FINNISH EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
FINRA/NASDAQ TRF CHICAGO (TRADE REPORTING FACILITY) facility market identifier
FINRA/NASDAQ TRF CARTERET (TRADE REPORTING FACILITY) facility market identifier
FINRA ORF (TRADE REPORTING FACILITY) facility market identifier
FINRA/NYSE TRF (TRADE REPORTING FACILITY) facility market identifier
FISH POOL ASA operating-level market identifier
FREIGHT INVESTOR SERVICES LIMITED operating-level market identifier
FLOW TRADERS B.V. BONDS market segment-level market identifier
FLOW TRADERS - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
FLOW TRADERS operating-level market identifier
MTS FRANCE SAS operating-level market identifier
FMX SECURITIES operating-level market identifier
FMX EXECUTION, LLC operating-level market identifier
FENICS - US TREASURIES market segment-level market identifier
FMX NON-DELIVERABLE FORWARDS operating-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH DENMARK market segment-level market identifier
INFRONT FUNDS MARKET market segment-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH ESTONIA market segment-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH FINLAND market segment-level market identifier
FENICS FUTURES market segment-level market identifier
FENICS FX ECN market segment-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH ICELAND market segment-level market identifier
GFI SECURITIES LLC - FENICS DELTA X market segment-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH LITHUANIA market segment-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH LATVIA market segment-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH SWEDEN market segment-level market identifier
FINANTIA UK LIMITED operating-level market identifier
FENICS INVITATIONS market segment-level market identifier
FIRSTPLACE WIENER BOERSE operating-level market identifier
BOERSE FRANKFURT - REGULIERTER MARKT market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE FRANKFURT - FREIVERKEHR market segment-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BOERSE MID-POINT CROSS market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE FRANKFURT - SCALE market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE FRANKFURT - REGULIERTERMARKT - OFF-BOOK market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE FRANKFURT - FREIVERKEHR - OFF-BOOK market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE FRANKFURT - SCALE - OFF-BOOK market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ COMMODITIES - FREIGHT COMMODITY market segment-level market identifier
COINBASE DERIVATIVES operating-level market identifier
FONDS DES RENTES / RENTENFONDS operating-level market identifier
FORTE - OTF operating-level market identifier
FTSEF LLC operating-level market identifier
FISHEX operating-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH FINLAND - SME GROWTH MARKET market segment-level market identifier
42 FINANCIAL SERVICES - MTF market segment-level market identifier
42 FINANCIAL SERVICES operating-level market identifier
TURKISH MERCANTILE EXCHANGE - FUTURES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
FLOW TRADERS U.S LLC operating-level market identifier
FTX US DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
CLEARCORP DEALING SYSTEMS INDIA LIMITED - FX-CLEAR market segment-level market identifier
FINANCIAL AND RISK TRANSACTIONS SERVICES IRELAND LIMITED - FORWARDS MATCHING market segment-level market identifier
FXCM - MTF operating-level market identifier
FXMARKETSPACE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
REFINITIV MATCHING NDFS SEF market segment-level market identifier
TFS VOLBROKER OTF operating-level market identifier
REFINITIV SEF REQUEST FOR STREAM market segment-level market identifier
FINANCIAL AND RISK TRANSACTIONS SERVICES IRELAND LIMITED - FXALL RFQ MTF market segment-level market identifier
FINANCIAL AND RISK TRANSACTIONS SERVICES IRELAND LIMITED - FXALL RFS MTF market segment-level market identifier
REFINITIV MATCHING NDFS SINGAPORE market segment-level market identifier
CLEARCORP DEALING SYSTEMS INDIA LIMITED - FX-SWAP market segment-level market identifier
G1 EXECUTION SERVICES operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - OTC GBP WB EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
BOURSE AFRICA LIMITED operating-level market identifier
GOODBODY STOCKBROKERS UC operating-level market identifier
BULGARIAN STOCK EXCHANGE - SME GROWTH MARKET BEAM market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - GBP WB EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
GEMMA (GILT EDGED MARKET MAKERSASSOCIATION) operating-level market identifier
LITHUANIAN NATURAL GAS EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
GFI SECURITIES LLC - ALL MARKETS operating-level market identifier
GFI AUSTRALIA PTY LTD operating-level market identifier
GFI BROKERS - MTF market segment-level market identifier
GFI BROKERS - OTF market segment-level market identifier
GUANGZHOU FUTURES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
GFI AUCTIONMATCH operating-level market identifier
GFI BROKERS operating-level market identifier
GFI SECURITIES LTD operating-level market identifier
GFI FOREXMATCH market segment-level market identifier
GFI MARKETMATCH market segment-level market identifier
GFI ENERGYMATCH market segment-level market identifier
GFI RATESMATCH market segment-level market identifier
GARANTUM FONDKOMMISSION AB operating-level market identifier
GLOBAL FUTURES AND OPTIONS LTD operating-level market identifier
GFI PARIS - OTF market segment-level market identifier
GFI SINGAPORE RMO operating-level market identifier
GFI SECURITIES LTD - MTF market segment-level market identifier
GFI SECURITIES LTD - OTF market segment-level market identifier
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL PARIS BRANCH operating-level market identifier
FX SPOT+ market segment-level market identifier
GATE US LLC operating-level market identifier
GLOMAX EXCHANGE LTD operating-level market identifier
ESSEX RADEZ, LLC operating-level market identifier
ACS EXECUTION SERVICES, LLC operating-level market identifier
MTF SOFIA - GROWTH MARKET market segment-level market identifier
GMEX EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
GRIFFIN MARKETS EUROPE - OTF market segment-level market identifier
GRIFFIN MARKETS EUROPE operating-level market identifier
GREENMARKET EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
GMG DUBAI LIMITED operating-level market identifier
GMG EUROPE B.V. operating-level market identifier
GMG BROKERS LIMITED operating-level market identifier
ISE GEMINI EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
GALAXY operating-level market identifier
MTS GERMANY market segment-level market identifier
GLOBAL OTC operating-level market identifier
GPB-FINANCIAL SERVICES LTD operating-level market identifier
THE GREEN EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
GRIFFIN MARKETS LIMITED operating-level market identifier
GRIFFIN MARKETS LIMITED - OTF market segment-level market identifier
BME GROWTH MARKET market segment-level market identifier
THE GREEN STOCK EXCHANGE - ACB IMPACT MARKETS operating-level market identifier
GOLDMAN SACHS (ASIA) LLC operating-level market identifier
GOLDMAN SACHS BANK EUROPE SE operating-level market identifier
GFI SWAPS EXCHANGE, LLC - SECURITY BASED SWAPS market segment-level market identifier
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL - SIGMA BCN market segment-level market identifier
THE GUYANA ASSOCIATION OF SECURITIES COMPANIES AND INTERMEDIARIES INC. operating-level market identifier
GOLDMAN SACHS AND CO. operating-level market identifier
GFI SWAPS EXCHANGE, LLC operating-level market identifier
GOLDMAN SACHS BANK EUROPE SE - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL BANK operating-level market identifier
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL operating-level market identifier
GALLARDO SECURITIES LIMITED operating-level market identifier
GS PRINCIPAL LIQUIDITY ASIA market segment-level market identifier
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL PARIS BRANCH - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
GSX CHINA operating-level market identifier
GSX HONG KONG market segment-level market identifier
GSX KOREA operating-level market identifier
THE GIBRALTAR STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
GSX MICRO market segment-level market identifier
GSX NATURAL operating-level market identifier
GSX TAIWAN operating-level market identifier
KCG AMERICAS LLC operating-level market identifier
GTS SECURITIES operating-level market identifier
GTX ECN operating-level market identifier
GTX SEF, LLC operating-level market identifier
GXG MTF FIRST QUOTE market segment-level market identifier
GXG MTF market segment-level market identifier
GX MARKETCENTER operating-level market identifier
BOERSE HAMBURG - REGULIERTER MARKT market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE HAMBURG - FREIVERKEHR market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE HAMBURG - LANG AND SCHWARZ EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE HAMBURG - LANG AND SCHWARZ EXCHANGE - REGULIERTER MARKT market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE HAMBURG - LANG AND SCHWARZ EXCHANGE - FREIVERKEHR market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE HANNOVER - REGULIERTER MARKT market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE HANNOVER - FREIVERKEHR market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE HANNOVER - REGULIERTER MARKT - ELECTRONIC TRADING market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE HANNOVER - FREIVERKEHR - ELECTRONIC TRADING market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE HANNOVER - ELECTRONIC TRADING market segment-level market identifier
HSBC CONTINENTAL EUROPE operating-level market identifier
HSBC BANK POLSKA S.A. operating-level market identifier
VORVEL CERTIFICATES market segment-level market identifier
ICE CLEAR NETHERLANDS B.V. operating-level market identifier
ELECTRONIC SECONDARY SECURITIES MARKET (HDAT) operating-level market identifier
HENEX FINANCIAL ENERGY MARKET - DERIVATIVES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
HELABA operating-level market identifier
HENEX S.A. operating-level market identifier
HENEX ELECTRICITY SPOT MARKET market segment-level market identifier
HENEX GAS SPOT MARKET market segment-level market identifier
HONG KONG MERCANTILE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
VORVEL EQUITY AUCTION market segment-level market identifier
VORVEL BONDS operating-level market identifier
HELLENIC EXCHANGE OTC MARKET market segment-level market identifier
HPC ETRADING market segment-level market identifier
HPC ENERGY TRADING market segment-level market identifier
HPC SA - VOICE OTF market segment-level market identifier
HPC SA operating-level market identifier
POTAMUS TRADING LLC operating-level market identifier
HPC OTF - UK ETRADING PLATFORM market segment-level market identifier
HPC OTF operating-level market identifier
HRTEU LIMITED operating-level market identifier
VORVEL RFQ market segment-level market identifier
HUDSON RIVER TRADING - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER operating-level market identifier
HUDSON RIVER TRADING (HRT) operating-level market identifier
HUDSON RIVER TRADING operating-level market identifier
HSBC TRINKAUS AND BURKHARDT AG operating-level market identifier
CBOE FX operating-level market identifier
HANOI STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
HSBC-X HONG KONG operating-level market identifier
HSBC-X UNITED KINGDOM operating-level market identifier
HUNGARIAN DERIVATIVE ENERGY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MTS HUNGARY market segment-level market identifier
HUNGARIAN POWER EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
HWH ENERGIMEGLING operating-level market identifier
IBKR ATS market segment-level market identifier
ICE BENCHMARK ADMINISTRATION operating-level market identifier
INTERACTIVE BROKERS CORP operating-level market identifier
INVEST BANCA - IBIS EQUITY market segment-level market identifier
IBERCAJA BANCO SA operating-level market identifier
INDEPENDENT BULGARIAN ENERGY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
IBERIAN GAS HUB operating-level market identifier
INVEST BANCA operating-level market identifier
INTERACTIVE BROKERS LLC operating-level market identifier
INSTINET BLX market segment-level market identifier
ICE BONDS SECURITIES CORPORATION operating-level market identifier
INTERACTIVE BROKERS operating-level market identifier
BULGARIAN STOCK EXCHANGE - INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS market segment-level market identifier
TRAYPORT market segment-level market identifier
ICAP EUROPE operating-level market identifier
ICAP ENERGY AS operating-level market identifier
ICAP HYDE TANKER DERIVATIVES LIMITED market segment-level market identifier
INSTINET CBX (US) market segment-level market identifier
INDONESIA COMMODITY AND DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ISLAND ECN LTD, THE operating-level market identifier
ICAP ENERGY market segment-level market identifier
ICAP ENERGY - OTF operating-level market identifier
ICE SWAP TRADE LLC operating-level market identifier
INTERCONTINENTAL EXCHANGE - ICE FUTURES EUROPE operating-level market identifier
NOMURA ICE - HK market segment-level market identifier
NOMURA ICE - KR market segment-level market identifier
ICAP EU - OTF - REGISTRATION market segment-level market identifier
ICAP EU - OTF operating-level market identifier
TP ICAP UK MTF operating-level market identifier
ICAP SINGAPORE RMO operating-level market identifier
INSTINET VWAP CROSS market segment-level market identifier
ICAP SECURITIES market segment-level market identifier
NOMURA ICE - SH market segment-level market identifier
ICAP SEF (US) LLC. market segment-level market identifier
NOMURA ICE - SZ market segment-level market identifier
ICAP TRUEQUOTE market segment-level market identifier
NOMURA ICE - TW market segment-level market identifier
CURRENEX IRELAND MTF operating-level market identifier
ICE FUTURES U.S. INC operating-level market identifier
INDIAN COMMODITY EXCHANGE LTD operating-level market identifier
CURRENEX IRELAND MTF - RFQ market segment-level market identifier
IDX MARKETS, LLC operating-level market identifier
EBS MTF - RFQ - FX PRODUCTS FOR ASSET MANAGERS market segment-level market identifier
ICAP ENERGY LTD OTF - EUROPEAN COMMODITIES AND ENERGY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
TP ICAP E. AND C. OTF - ICAP COMMODITIES AND ENERGY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
INFOENGINE OTC operating-level market identifier
IBKR EOS ATS market segment-level market identifier
INTERCONTINENTAL EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
IEX DAP LLC operating-level market identifier
INVESTORS EXCHANGE - DAX FACILITY market segment-level market identifier
INVESTORS EXCHANGE - DARK market segment-level market identifier
INVESTORS EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ICE FUTURES ABU DHABI operating-level market identifier
IRAN FARA BOURSE operating-level market identifier
ICE FUTURES CANADA operating-level market identifier
ICE FUTURES U.S. ENERGY DIVISION market segment-level market identifier
ICE FUTURES EUROPE - OIL AND REFINED PRODUCTS DIVISION market segment-level market identifier
ICE FUTURES EUROPE operating-level market identifier
INFRONT FX MARKET market segment-level market identifier
ICE FUTURES EUROPE - FINANCIAL PRODUCTS DIVISION market segment-level market identifier
ICE FUTURES EUROPE - EQUITY PRODUCTS DIVISION market segment-level market identifier
SWAPXECUTE operating-level market identifier
ICE FUTURES EUROPE - AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS DIVISION market segment-level market identifier
ICE FUTURES SINGAPORE operating-level market identifier
INSTITUTIONAL FINANCIAL SECURITIES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
ICE FUTURES U.S. operating-level market identifier
ICE FUTURES EUROPE - EUROPEAN UTILITIES DIVISION market segment-level market identifier
FX CONNECT IRELAND MTF - ALLOCATIONS market segment-level market identifier
FX CONNECT IRELAND MTF operating-level market identifier
FX CONNECT IRELAND MTF - RFQ market segment-level market identifier
ICAP GLOBAL DERIVATIVES LIMITED operating-level market identifier
INSTINET IDX market segment-level market identifier
INDIA INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE (IFSC) LIMITED operating-level market identifier
IKB DEUTSCHE INDUSTRIEBANK AG operating-level market identifier
LOUIS CAPITAL MARKETS UK market segment-level market identifier
ICE MARKETS AGRICULTURE market segment-level market identifier
ICE MARKETS BONDS market segment-level market identifier
ICE CREDIT TRADE market segment-level market identifier
ICAP MTF - CREDIT DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
TP ICAP UK MTF - CASH EQUITY market segment-level market identifier
CREDITEX LLC market segment-level market identifier
ICAP MTF - COMMODITIES market segment-level market identifier
ICE ENDEX OTF FUTURES market segment-level market identifier
ICE MARKETS CREDIT market segment-level market identifier
IMC FINANCIAL MARKETS operating-level market identifier
TP ICAP UK MTF - EQUITY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
ICE MARKETS ENERGY market segment-level market identifier
ICE MARKETS EQUITY market segment-level market identifier
TP ICAP UK MTF - EXCHANGE TRADED PRODUCTS market segment-level market identifier
IRAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TP ICAP UK MTF - FX DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
ICE MARKETS FOREIGN EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
TP ICAP UK MTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING GILTS market segment-level market identifier
TP ICAP UK MTF - GILTS market segment-level market identifier
ICE MARKETS RATES market segment-level market identifier
IMMH - INTESA SANPAOLO operating-level market identifier
TP ICAP UK MTF - MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS market segment-level market identifier
TP ICAP UK MTF - INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
TP ICAP UK MTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITIES DEBT market segment-level market identifier
INTEGRAL MTF operating-level market identifier
MTS IRELAND market segment-level market identifier
INSTINET DESK CROSS market segment-level market identifier
INTELLIGENTCROSS operating-level market identifier
INFRONT MARKETS operating-level market identifier
ING BANK NV operating-level market identifier
ING BANK NV - SPRINTERS market segment-level market identifier
ING BANK NV - FOREIGN EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
ING BANK NV - EQUITY market segment-level market identifier
ING BANK NV - LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
ING BANK SLASKI SA operating-level market identifier
NSE IFSC LIMITED market segment-level market identifier
INTELLIGENTCROSS - ALPS market segment-level market identifier
STONEX FINANCIAL INC. operating-level market identifier
INVESTEC BANK PLC operating-level market identifier
ICAP UK OTF - CREDIT DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
ICAP UK OTF - EQUITY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
ICAP SECURITIES OTF - BUTLER FX DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
ICAP UK OTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT market segment-level market identifier
ICAP UK OTF - FX DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
ICAP UK OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING UK GILTS market segment-level market identifier
ICAP UK OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS - UK GILTS market segment-level market identifier
ICAP UK OTF - INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
ICAP UK OTF - MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS market segment-level market identifier
INSTINET EUROPE LIMITED OTC market segment-level market identifier
ICAP UK OTF operating-level market identifier
ISWAP EURO MTF operating-level market identifier
IPSX PRIME market segment-level market identifier
IPSX WHOLESALE market segment-level market identifier
BANCA DI ASTI operating-level market identifier
BIVER BANCA operating-level market identifier
ISDAFIX operating-level market identifier
ICAP SECURITIES AND DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE LIMITED market segment-level market identifier
INTER-CONNECTED STOCK EXCHANGE OF INDIA LTD operating-level market identifier
ICBC STANDARD BANK operating-level market identifier
ISWAP UK MTF operating-level market identifier
ISWAP UK MTF - TRADE REGISTRATION market segment-level market identifier
ISWAP UK MTF ORDER BOOK market segment-level market identifier
ICAP GLOBAL DERIVATIVES LIMITED - ELECTRONIC market segment-level market identifier
ISWAP EURO MTF - TRADE REGISTRATION market segment-level market identifier
ISWAP EURO MTF - ORDERBOOK market segment-level market identifier
ISWAP EURO MTF - SEF market segment-level market identifier
ISWAP UK MTF TARGETED STREAMING/RFQ market segment-level market identifier
ISWAP EURO MTF - TARGETED STREAMING / RFQ market segment-level market identifier
ICAP GLOBAL DERIVATIVES LIMITED - VOICE market segment-level market identifier
POSIT MTF operating-level market identifier
INTERNATIONAL TRADING SYSTEM (ITS) operating-level market identifier
AIM ITALIA - MERCATO ALTERNATIVO DEL CAPITALE operating-level market identifier
ICAP UK OTF - ORDERBOOK market segment-level market identifier
INTELLIGENTCROSS - VWAP CROSS market segment-level market identifier
INVESCO CANADA PTF TRADES operating-level market identifier
INTERNATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE SAINT-PETERSBOURG operating-level market identifier
JOINT ASIAN DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
JAPANCROSSING market segment-level market identifier
JASDAQ TACHIAIGAI (OFF-FLOOR MARKET) operating-level market identifier
JYSKE BANK operating-level market identifier
BULGARIAN STOCK EXCHANGE - INTERNATIONAL MTF market segment-level market identifier
JEFFERIES ASIA operating-level market identifier
INTELLIGENTCROSS - JEFB market segment-level market identifier
JEFFERIES EUROPE operating-level market identifier
JEFFERIES INTERNATIONAL - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
JEFFERIES EUROPE - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
JEFFERIES INTERNATIONAL operating-level market identifier
JUMP TRADING - US EQUITY PLATFORM market segment-level market identifier
JUMP TRADING EU EQUITY PLATFORM operating-level market identifier
JUMP TRADING - MULTI-ASSET PLATFORM operating-level market identifier
JUMP TRADING operating-level market identifier
JANE STREET NETHERLANDS B.V. operating-level market identifier
JANE STREET CAPITAL, LLC operating-level market identifier
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK N.A. LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
J.P. MORGAN SE operating-level market identifier
JPJENKINS operating-level market identifier
JP MORGAN - JPMI MARKET operating-level market identifier
JPMS, LLC operating-level market identifier
J.P. MORGAN SECURITIES PLC operating-level market identifier
JSE BOND ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM market segment-level market identifier
JAVELIN SEF, LLC operating-level market identifier
JSE REPO MARKET market segment-level market identifier
JANE STREET EXECUTION SERVICES LLC operating-level market identifier
JANE STREET JX operating-level market identifier
JANE STREET FINANCIAL LTD operating-level market identifier
DEN JYSKE SPAREKASSE operating-level market identifier
KABU.COM PTS operating-level market identifier
CBOE JAPAN - KAI-X market segment-level market identifier
KBC BANK NV GROUP MARKETS operating-level market identifier
QUINTET PRIVATE BANK (EUROPE) S.A. - EURO COMMERCIAL PAPERS market segment-level market identifier
QUINTET PRIVATE BANK (EUROPE) S.A. operating-level market identifier
KYTE BROKING LIMITED operating-level market identifier
QUINTET PRIVATE BANK (EUROPE) S.A. - STRUCTURED PRODUCTS market segment-level market identifier
QUINTET PRIVATE BANK (EUROPE) S.A. - FX TREASURY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
KELER CCP operating-level market identifier
KDPW_CCP operating-level market identifier
K AND H BANK ZRT operating-level market identifier
KNIGHT LINK EUROPE operating-level market identifier
KALSHIEX LLC operating-level market identifier
EUROMTS LINKERS MARKET operating-level market identifier
ZURCHER KANTONALBANK - EKMU-X market segment-level market identifier
KNIGHT CAPITAL MARKETS LLC market segment-level market identifier
KNIGHT EQUITY MARKETS LP market segment-level market identifier
KNIGHT operating-level market identifier
KNIGHT LINK market segment-level market identifier
KNIGHT MATCH ATS market segment-level market identifier
KOREA ECN SECURITIES CO. LTD (ATS) operating-level market identifier
KOMERCNI BANKA, A.S. operating-level market identifier
OTFLINK operating-level market identifier
KRAKEN DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
PAYWARD MENA HOLDINGS LTD. operating-level market identifier
FLOW DARK market segment-level market identifier
LAVAFLOW ECN market segment-level market identifier
LAVAFX market segment-level market identifier
RBC CAPITAL MARKETS LLC - HOSTED POOL market segment-level market identifier
RBC CAPITAL MARKETS LLC - TRAJECTORY CROSS operating-level market identifier
LAMPOST CAPITAL operating-level market identifier
LATAM SEF operating-level market identifier
LAN AND SPAR BANK A/S operating-level market identifier
GFI SECURITIES LLC - CREDITMATCH (LATG) market segment-level market identifier
LAVA TRADING (CITI) operating-level market identifier
LBBW - LANDESBANK BADEN-WUERTTEMBERG operating-level market identifier
LLOYDS BANK CORPORATE MARKETS operating-level market identifier
LLOYDS BANK CORPORATE MARKETS WERTPAPIERHANDELSBANK GMBH operating-level market identifier
BULGARIAN STOCK EXCHANGE - SBL market segment-level market identifier
LBBW - LANDESBANK BADEN-WUERTTEMBERG - LIQUIDITY PROVIDER market segment-level market identifier
LBBW - LANDESBANK BADEN-WUERTTEMBERG - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
LCH.CLEARNET operating-level market identifier
CURRENEX LDFX market segment-level market identifier
LEDGEREDGE B.V. operating-level market identifier
LEDGER X LLC operating-level market identifier
LEDGEREDGE operating-level market identifier
LEDGEREDGE SECURITIES INC. operating-level market identifier
LIQUIDNET EU LIMITED EQUITY MTF operating-level market identifier
LIQUIDNET EU LIMITED FIXED INCOME MTF market segment-level market identifier
LEVEL ATS operating-level market identifier
LIQUIDNET CANADA ATS operating-level market identifier
PT LSEG - CLEARED IDR MATCHING operating-level market identifier
LIQUIDNET, INC. FIXED INCOME ATS market segment-level market identifier
LIGA BANK EG operating-level market identifier
TP ICAP UK MTF - LIQUIDNET CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITIES DEBT market segment-level market identifier
LIQUIDNET H20 market segment-level market identifier
TP ICAP UK MTF - LIQUIDNET CASH EQUITY market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - LIS SERVICE market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE - LIS SERVICE (NL) market segment-level market identifier
LIQUIDNET, INC. H2O ATS market segment-level market identifier
LIQUIDNET, INC. operating-level market identifier
LIECHTENSTEINISCHE LANDESBANK (OSTERREICH) AG operating-level market identifier
LMAX - DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
LMAX - EQUITIES market segment-level market identifier
LMAX - FX AND CASH-SETTLED DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
LMAX - INDICES/RATES/COMMODITIES market segment-level market identifier
LMAX EXCHANGE SINGAPORE - NDFS operating-level market identifier
LME CLEAR operating-level market identifier
LUMINOR BANK AS operating-level market identifier
LUMINEX TRADING AND ANALYTICS LLC - ATS market segment-level market identifier
EUROGLOBALMTS market segment-level market identifier
TP ICAP EU - MTF - LIQUIDNET EU EQUITY market segment-level market identifier
TP ICAP EU - MTF - LIQUIDNET EU FIXED INCOME market segment-level market identifier
LOOPFX operating-level market identifier
OTC MARKET operating-level market identifier
LOUIS CAPITAL MARKETS UK LLP operating-level market identifier
LLOYDS BANK operating-level market identifier
LONDON PLATINUM AND PALLADIUM MARKET operating-level market identifier
LPSFX LLC operating-level market identifier
LIQUIDITYEDGE operating-level market identifier
CITI LIQUIFI market segment-level market identifier
LANG AND SCHWARZ TRADE CENTER operating-level market identifier
LUMINEX TRADING AND ANALYTICS LLC operating-level market identifier
LONG-TERM STOCK EXCHANGE, INC. operating-level market identifier
BARCLAYS LX JAPAN operating-level market identifier
LYNX ATS market segment-level market identifier
M2 LIMITED operating-level market identifier
BME MTF EQUITY (IIC AND ECR SEGMENTS) market segment-level market identifier
MACQUARIE AUSTRALIA BLOCK CROSSING market segment-level market identifier
MERCATO ALTERNATIVO DEL CAPITALE market segment-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS EUROPE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
MAGMA ATS operating-level market identifier
MAKOR SECURITIES LONDON LTD operating-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS SINGAPORE PTE LIMITED - LIVE MARKETS market segment-level market identifier
MALDIVES STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS NL B.V. operating-level market identifier
MACQUARIE BANK EUROPE DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY operating-level market identifier
MACQUARIE INTERNAL MARKETS (HONG KONG) operating-level market identifier
MACQUARIE BANK INTERNATIONAL LIMITED operating-level market identifier
MACQUARIE INTERNAL MARKETS (JAPAN) operating-level market identifier
MACQUARIE CAPITAL EUROPE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
MACQUARIE BANK LIMITED, LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
MACQUARIE INTERNAL MARKETS (AUSTRALIA) operating-level market identifier
MERCADO ALTERNATIVO DE RENTA FIJA (MARF) market segment-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS SINGAPORE PTE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
CBOE CANADA - MATCHNOW market segment-level market identifier
MATRIX LIMITED operating-level market identifier
MAX MARKETS LIMITED operating-level market identifier
MILLENNIUM BCP operating-level market identifier
MBANK S.A. operating-level market identifier
MORGAN STANLEY BANK INTERNATIONAL LIMITED - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
MTF SOFIA operating-level market identifier
MTS CASH DOMESTIC - MTF market segment-level market identifier
MACQUARIE CAPITAL (IRELAND) operating-level market identifier
ISE MERCURY, LLC market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ COPENHAGEN A/S - AUCTION ON DEMAND market segment-level market identifier
CURRENEX MTF operating-level market identifier
CURRENEX MTF - RFQ market segment-level market identifier
CURRENEX MTF - STREAMING market segment-level market identifier
METROPOLITAN STOCK EXCHANGE OF INDIA LIMITED operating-level market identifier
MTS CZECH REPUBLIC market segment-level market identifier
MEDIP (MTS PORTUGAL SGMR, SA) operating-level market identifier
MIBGAS - DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
MACQUARIE EXECUTION (AU) operating-level market identifier
MACQUARIE EXECUTION (HK) operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ MIDPOINT-ELO (M-ELO) market segment-level market identifier
MEMX LLC DARK market segment-level market identifier
MEMX LLC RETAIL MIDPOINT market segment-level market identifier
MEMX LLC EQUITIES market segment-level market identifier
MONTENEGRIN POWER EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MERKUR MARKET - DARK POOL market segment-level market identifier
MERCADO ELECTRONICO DE RENTA FIJA market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT GROWTH - OSLO market segment-level market identifier
MORGAN STANLEY EUROPE S.E. - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
ACE MARKET market segment-level market identifier
MET ZURICH operating-level market identifier
MF GLOBAL ENERGY MTF operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT - MERCADO DE FUTUROS E OPCOES market segment-level market identifier
FX CONNECT - MTF - ALLOCATIONS market segment-level market identifier
FX CONNECT - MTF operating-level market identifier
FX CONNECT - MTF - RFQ market segment-level market identifier
MIZUHO BANK, LTD. DUESSELDORF BRANCH operating-level market identifier
MIZUHO BANK EUROPE N.V. operating-level market identifier
MIZUHO BANK, LTD. LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
MIZUHO BANK LTD. - PARIS BRANCH operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ HELSINKI LTD - AUCTION ON DEMAND market segment-level market identifier
MIZUHO SECURITIES EUROPE operating-level market identifier
MIZUHO INTERNATIONAL operating-level market identifier
MERCADO ORGANIZADO DEL GAS operating-level market identifier
MITSUBISHI UFJ INVESTOR SERVICES AND BANKING operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ ICELAND HF. - AUCTION ON DEMAND market segment-level market identifier
MIDCHAINS operating-level market identifier
MIAMI INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS, INC. operating-level market identifier
MOSCOW EXCHANGE - ALL MARKETS operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT MIV MILAN market segment-level market identifier
MIZUHO INTERNAL CROSSING operating-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS ATS market segment-level market identifier
MERITKAPITAL operating-level market identifier
MARKET SECURITIES (FRANCE) SA operating-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH AUCTION CROSS market segment-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH OTC market segment-level market identifier
BOFA SECURITIES EUROPE - RFQ market segment-level market identifier
BOFA SECURITIES EUROPE - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH OTC - EUROPE market segment-level market identifier
BOFA SECURITIES EUROPE operating-level market identifier
MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL BANK DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY operating-level market identifier
MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL operating-level market identifier
MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL - RFQ market segment-level market identifier
MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH VWAP CROSS - EUROPE market segment-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH VWAP CROSS market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT ACCESS BRUSSELS market segment-level market identifier
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH INSTINCT X - EUROPE operating-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH DENMARK - AUCTION ON DEMAND market segment-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH FINLAND - AUCTION ON DEMAND market segment-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH ICELAND - AUCTION ON DEMAND market segment-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH SWEDEN - AUCTION ON DEMAND market segment-level market identifier
MOC CROSS market segment-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH SWEDEN - NORWAY AUCTION ON DEMAND market segment-level market identifier
ELECTRONIC BOND MARKET market segment-level market identifier
MIAX PEARL, LLC market segment-level market identifier
MORGAN STANLEY AUSTRALIA SECURITIES LIMITED operating-level market identifier
MORGAN STANLEY MTF - PERIODIC AUCTION operating-level market identifier
MORGAN STANLEY BANK INTERNATIONAL LIMITED operating-level market identifier
MORGAN STANLEY AND CO. LLC operating-level market identifier
MORGAN STANLEY MTF - CONTINUOUS CROSS DARK market segment-level market identifier
MICHAEL/STROM DOM MAKLERSKI SPOLKA AKCYJNA operating-level market identifier
MAREX SPECTRON EUROPE LIMITED - OTF operating-level market identifier
MORGAN STANLEY EUROPE S.E. operating-level market identifier
MORGAN STANLEY AND CO. INTERNATIONAL PLC operating-level market identifier
MS LONG CROSS market segment-level market identifier
MORGAN STANLEY AUTOMATED LIQUIDITY PROVISION market segment-level market identifier
MORGAN STANLEY MUFG SECURITIES CO., LTD operating-level market identifier
MORGAN STANLEY MTF - NEGOTIATED TRADE market segment-level market identifier
MS POOL market segment-level market identifier
MS RPOOL market segment-level market identifier
MAREX SPECTRON - OTF market segment-level market identifier
MORGAN STANLEY AND CO. INTERNATIONAL PLC - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
MS TRAJECTORY CROSSING ATS market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - AUCTION ON DEMAND market segment-level market identifier
MS TRAJECTORY CROSS market segment-level market identifier
MTS INTERDEALER SWAPS MARKET market segment-level market identifier
MUSCAT STOCK EXCHANGE - BOOK BUILDING market segment-level market identifier
MUSCAT STOCK EXCHANGE - NON-LISTED INSTRUMENTS market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT MILAN market segment-level market identifier
BORSA ITALIANA - TRADING AFTER HOURS market segment-level market identifier
BONDMATCH market segment-level market identifier
MTS AUSTRIA market segment-level market identifier
MTS BONDS.COM market segment-level market identifier
MTS ITALIA market segment-level market identifier
MTS DENMARK market segment-level market identifier
MTS FINLAND market segment-level market identifier
MTS GREECE market segment-level market identifier
MTS CORPORATE MARKET market segment-level market identifier
MTS S.P.A. operating-level market identifier
MTS POLAND operating-level market identifier
MTS SWAP MARKET market segment-level market identifier
MTS MARKETS INTERNATIONAL INC. operating-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS CANADA COMPANY market segment-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS CORPORATION SINGLE-NAME CDS CENTRAL LIMIT ORDER market segment-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS CORPORATION MID-X TRADING SYSTEM market segment-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS SEF CORPORATION market segment-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS CORPORATION operating-level market identifier
MUFG BANK (EUROPE) N.V. operating-level market identifier
MUFG BANK, LTD. - LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
MUFG BANK, LTD. - MILANO BRANCH operating-level market identifier
MUFG BANK, LTD. - PARIS BRANCH operating-level market identifier
MITSUBISHI DIAMOND CROSSING operating-level market identifier
MARIANA UFP LLP operating-level market identifier
BOERSE MUENCHEN - REGULIERTER MARKT market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE MUENCHEN - FREIVERKEHR market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE MUENCHEN - GETTEX - REGULIERTER MARKT market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE MUENCHEN - GETTEX - FREIVERKEHR market segment-level market identifier
MUFG SECURITIES EMEA PLC operating-level market identifier
MUFG SECURITIES (EUROPE) N.V - operating-level market identifier
MITSUBISHI UFJ TRUST INTERNATIONAL LIMITED operating-level market identifier
MERCADO DE VALORES DE CORDOBA S.A. market segment-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS EUROPE LIMITED - LIVE MARKETS market segment-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS NL B.V. - LIVE MARKETS market segment-level market identifier
MEMX LLC OPTIONS market segment-level market identifier
MX2 LLC EQUITIES market segment-level market identifier
MX2 LLC OPTIONS market segment-level market identifier
MYTREASURY operating-level market identifier
NATIONAL AUSTRALIA BANK - FX DERIVATIVES AND FIXED INCOME SECURITIES market segment-level market identifier
NAB EUROPE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
NATIONAL AUSTRALIA BANK operating-level market identifier
NATIONAL AUSTRALIA BANK EUROPE S.A. operating-level market identifier
NAB EUROPE LIMITED - FIXED INCOME SECURITIES market segment-level market identifier
NATIONAL MERCANTILE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - APA SERVICE facility market identifier
NASDAQ BALTIC operating-level market identifier
NSDQ DARK market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ OMX DERIVATIVES MARKETS market segment-level market identifier
NASD OTC MARKET operating-level market identifier
NATIXIS operating-level market identifier
NAVESIS-MTF market segment-level market identifier
NATIONAL BANK FINANCIAL INC. operating-level market identifier
NOBLE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NATIONAL BOARD OF TRADE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ OMX BX OPTIONS market segment-level market identifier
PAKISTAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SMBC NIKKO CAPITAL MARKETS EUROPE GMBH operating-level market identifier
SMBC NIKKO CAPITAL MARKETS LIMITED operating-level market identifier
ICE ENDEX UK OCM GAS SPOT operating-level market identifier
ICE ENDEX FUTURES operating-level market identifier
CLEARCORP DEALING SYSTEMS INDIA LIMITED - NDS-CALL market segment-level market identifier
CLEARCORP DEALING SYSTEMS INDIA LIMITED - NDS-OM market segment-level market identifier
ICE ENDEX EUROPEAN GAS SPOT market segment-level market identifier
NSX DARK operating-level market identifier
NATIONAL EQUITIES EXCHANGE AND QUOTATIONS operating-level market identifier
NEO CONNECT market segment-level market identifier
CBOE CANADA - NEO-D (DARK) market segment-level market identifier
CBOE CANADA - NEO-L (MARKET BY ORDER) operating-level market identifier
CBOE CANADA - NEO-N (MARKET BY PRICE) market segment-level market identifier
NOMURA FINANCIAL PRODUCTS EUROPE GMBH operating-level market identifier
NOREXECO ASA operating-level market identifier
OSTTRA SEF operating-level market identifier
EBS MTF - RFQ - FOR CORPORATES TRADING FX PRODUCTS market segment-level market identifier
FIDELITY CROSSSTREAM market segment-level market identifier
NATIONAL FINANCIAL SERVICES, LLC operating-level market identifier
FIDELITY DARK market segment-level market identifier
NATURAL GAS EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NORWEGIAN INTER BANK OFFERED RATE market segment-level market identifier
NILE STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
CLEARPOOL EXECUTION SERVICES, LLC - NATURAL LIQUIDITY ALLIANCE market segment-level market identifier
NORDDEUTSCHE LANDESBANK - GIROZENTRALE operating-level market identifier
APX POWER NL operating-level market identifier
NATIONAL MULTI-COMMODITY EXCHANGE OF INDIA operating-level market identifier
NOMURA SECURITIES INTERNATIONAL operating-level market identifier
NOMURA SECURITIES CO LTD operating-level market identifier
NOMURA - EXTERNAL CROSSING PLATFORM market segment-level market identifier
NORDIC MTF market segment-level market identifier
NEW EUROMTS market segment-level market identifier
REGIONAL EXCHANGE CENTRE - MICEX VOLGA REGION operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - COMMODITIES market segment-level market identifier
NODAL EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - NORWEGIAN EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
NOMURA OTC TRADES operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - NORWEGIAN FI DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ OMX EUROPE market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - OTC NOK WB EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
NORD POOL SPOT AS operating-level market identifier
HSH NORDBANK operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ OSLO ASA operating-level market identifier
NOS CLEARING ASA operating-level market identifier
NOMURA INTERNATIONAL PLC operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT NOTC operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - NOK WB EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
NOW CP - NEU CP operating-level market identifier
GASPOINT NORDIC A/S operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ PRIVATE MARKET - SECONDMARKET operating-level market identifier
NORDIC SME market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ SPOT AB operating-level market identifier
NOBLE SECURITIES S.A. operating-level market identifier
BENDIGO STOCK EXCHANGE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
INTELLIGENTCROSS - NATURAL LIQUIDITY CROSS market segment-level market identifier
NATIXIS LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ EUROPE (NURO) DARK market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ OMX EUROPE operating-level market identifier
NATWEST MARKETS PLC operating-level market identifier
NATWEST MARKETS NV operating-level market identifier
BLOCKMATCH JAPAN market segment-level market identifier
NX FUTURES market segment-level market identifier
NX JAPAN market segment-level market identifier
NX SELECT JAPAN market segment-level market identifier
NEXTRADE operating-level market identifier
NX ATS - CROSSING PLATFORM operating-level market identifier
NX VWAP market segment-level market identifier
MILLENNIUM market segment-level market identifier
CME SWAPS MARKETS (NYMEX) market segment-level market identifier
NYMEX EUROPE LTD. operating-level market identifier
NEW YORK PORTFOLIO CLEARING operating-level market identifier
NYSE DARK market segment-level market identifier
NYKREDIT BANK operating-level market identifier
ASX - NEW ZEALAND FUTURES AND OPTIONS market segment-level market identifier
NZX CENTRAL market segment-level market identifier
NZX DERIVATIVES - FUTURES & OPTIONS MARKET market segment-level market identifier
NZX DARK market segment-level market identifier
360T US-OTC market segment-level market identifier
OSLO BORS - APA facility market identifier
OB GROUP ENERGY LIMITED operating-level market identifier
OBERBANK AG operating-level market identifier
BLUE OCEAN ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM operating-level market identifier
ONECHRONOS FX operating-level market identifier
SOVA CAPITAL operating-level market identifier
OCTAURA - COLLATERALIZED LOAN OBLIGATION (CLO) operating-level market identifier
OCTAURA - LOANS operating-level market identifier
OCTAURA - ATS market segment-level market identifier
ONECHRONOS MARKETS EUROPE operating-level market identifier
ONECHRONOS MARKETS UK operating-level market identifier
ODDO BHF operating-level market identifier
ODDO CONTREPARTIE operating-level market identifier
OSAKA DIGITAL EXCHANGE - START market segment-level market identifier
ODX - OSAKA DIGITAL EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
OHV OTF operating-level market identifier
OILX market segment-level market identifier
OLDENBURGISCHE LANDESBANK AG FX HANDEL operating-level market identifier
OTCEX LLC operating-level market identifier
OMI POLO ESPANOL S.A. (OMIE) operating-level market identifier
OMEGA ATS operating-level market identifier
THE IBERIAN ENERGY CLEARING HOUSE operating-level market identifier
OMIP - POLO PORTUGUES, S.G.M.R., S.A. / OMIP DERIVATIVES MARKET operating-level market identifier
CITI-ONE market segment-level market identifier
ONE TRADING EXCHANGE - PERPETUALS market segment-level market identifier
ONE TRADING EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH SWEDEN - NORWAY market segment-level market identifier
OTHER OTC market segment-level market identifier
OP CORPORATE BANK PLC operating-level market identifier
PEX-PRIVATE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
OPTIMX MARKETS, INC operating-level market identifier
OPTIONS PRICE REPORTING AUTHORITY operating-level market identifier
OPTIVER V.O.F. operating-level market identifier
OPTAXE MTF operating-level market identifier
OSL DIGITAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SIX X-CLEAR AG operating-level market identifier
OSL SG EXCHANGES operating-level market identifier
OTCQB MARKETPLACE market segment-level market identifier
OTCID MARKET market segment-level market identifier
OTC LINK NQB IDQS (INTER-DEALER QUOTATION SYSTEM) operating-level market identifier
OTC LINK ATS - OTC MARKETS operating-level market identifier
OTC LINK ECN operating-level market identifier
OTC OVERNIGHT market segment-level market identifier
OTCQX MARKETPLACE market segment-level market identifier
OTC EXCHANGE OF INDIA operating-level market identifier
OTCX EU MTF operating-level market identifier
OTP BANK NYRT operating-level market identifier
OTP BANK ROMANIA SA operating-level market identifier
BERNER KANTONALBANK OTC-X operating-level market identifier
OTCX TRADING LIMITED UK MTF operating-level market identifier
OPENYIELD ATS operating-level market identifier
PARKER POLAND SP. ZO.O. operating-level market identifier
PARFX market segment-level market identifier
PATRIA FINANCE A.S. operating-level market identifier
ALTERNATIVE PLATFORM FOR SPANISH SECURITIES operating-level market identifier
PIRAEUS BANK operating-level market identifier
BULGARIAN STOCK EXCHANGE - APA facility market identifier
TULLETT PREBON PLC - PREBON CDS market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ COPENHAGEN A/S - PURESTREAM market segment-level market identifier
PHILIPPINE DEALING AND EXCHANGE CORP operating-level market identifier
CODA MARKETS ATS DARK market segment-level market identifier
CODA MARKETS operating-level market identifier
PEEL HUNT LLP UK operating-level market identifier
PEPINS - MTF - HALF-YEAR market segment-level market identifier
PEPINS - MTF - MONTH market segment-level market identifier
PEPINS - MTF - QUARTER market segment-level market identifier
PEPINS - MTF operating-level market identifier
PEPINS - MTF - YEAR market segment-level market identifier
PERPETUAL MARKETS - PERP market segment-level market identifier
PAYWARD EUROPE SOLUTIONS LIMITED (KRAKEN) facility market identifier
FIRST NORTH FINLAND - PURESTREAM market segment-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH SWEDEN - PURESTREAM market segment-level market identifier
PFTS QUOTE DRIVEN market segment-level market identifier
PFTS STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
PARNDF market segment-level market identifier
PAYWARD GLOBAL SOLUTIONS LIMITED (KRAKEN) - IE facility market identifier
PAYWARD GLOBAL TRADING (KRAKEN) operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ HELSINKI - PURESTREAM market segment-level market identifier
PEEL HUNT SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
ARITAS FINANCIAL LTD operating-level market identifier
OTC PINK CURRENT market segment-level market identifier
OTC PINK NO INFORMATION market segment-level market identifier
OTC PINK LIMITED market segment-level market identifier
OTC PINK MARKETPLACE market segment-level market identifier
ARITAS SECURITIES LLC operating-level market identifier
PIPER SANDLER AND CO. operating-level market identifier
PIPER SANDLER AND CO. - ATS market segment-level market identifier
BANK POLSKA KASA OPIEKI S.A. operating-level market identifier
PLUS DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/POLISH POWER EXCHANGE/REGULATED MARKET market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/COMMODITIES/POLISH POWER - EXCHANGE/ORGANIZED TRADING FACILITIES market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/COMMODITIES/POLISH POWER EXCHANGE/SPOT market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/COMMODITIES/POLISH POWER EXCHANGE/ENERGY MARKET market segment-level market identifier
PLUS STOCK EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE MUENCHEN - FREIVERKHER - PLUS - EUROPE market segment-level market identifier
MTS PORTUGAL SGMR, SA operating-level market identifier
PERPETUAL MARKETS - MAIN operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - PAN-NORDIC EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/ENERGY MARKET/POEE market segment-level market identifier
MTS PORTUGAL market segment-level market identifier
PORTFOLIO STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
PACIFIC OTC operating-level market identifier
PO TRADE LIQUIDITY operating-level market identifier
PROPERTY PARTNER EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MTS PRIME market segment-level market identifier
PROSPECTS market segment-level market identifier
PRAGMA ATS operating-level market identifier
OTC GREY MARKET market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - PURESTREAM market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ PSX market segment-level market identifier
POLISH TRADING POINT operating-level market identifier
INSTINET BLOCKCROSS ATS operating-level market identifier
PUMA CAPITAL, LLC operating-level market identifier
PUMA CAPITAL, LLC - OPTIONS market segment-level market identifier
PUNDION LLC operating-level market identifier
CANADIAN SECURITIES EXCHANGE - PURE market segment-level market identifier
PROVABLE MARKETS operating-level market identifier
TP ICAP E. AND C. OTF - PVM COMMODITIES AND ENERGY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
POWER EXCHANGE INDIA LTD. operating-level market identifier
QCX, LLC operating-level market identifier
QUOTE MTF operating-level market identifier
MTS QUASI GOVERNMENT operating-level market identifier
INFRONT QUANT market segment-level market identifier
QWICKROUTE operating-level market identifier
Q-WIXX PLATFORM operating-level market identifier
R5FX LIMITED operating-level market identifier
RABOBANK INTERNATIONAL UK operating-level market identifier
RABOBANK operating-level market identifier
RAYMOND JAMES operating-level market identifier
RBC INVESTOR SERVICES BANK S.A. operating-level market identifier
RBC - PARIS BRANCH operating-level market identifier
RBC EUROPE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
RBC CAPITAL MARKETS (EUROPE) GMBH operating-level market identifier
RBC - ROYAL BANK OF CANADA operating-level market identifier
RBC CAPITAL MARKETS LLC operating-level market identifier
RBC INVESTOR SERVICES TRUST operating-level market identifier
RAILBIRD EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
RAIFFEISEN BANK (HUNGARY) operating-level market identifier
RAIFFEISEN BANK INTERNATIONAL AG operating-level market identifier
RBC INVESTOR SERVICES BANK S.A. - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
RBS CROSS operating-level market identifier
INSTINET RETAIL CBX market segment-level market identifier
RBC CAPITAL MARKETS ARBITRAGE S.A. operating-level market identifier
RENAISSANCE SECURITIES (CYPRUS) LIMITED operating-level market identifier
EBS MTF - RESET market segment-level market identifier
EBS MTF - RESET SEGMENT market segment-level market identifier
OSTTRA SEF MTF - RESET - RISK MITIGATION SERVICES market segment-level market identifier
RAIFFEISENBANK, AS. operating-level market identifier
REAL FORTUNE INVESTMENT L.L.C operating-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS NL B.V. - RFQ HUB market segment-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS SINGAPORE PTE LIMITED - RFQ - HUB market segment-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS EUROPE LIMITED - RFQ - HUB market segment-level market identifier
RIVERCROSS DARK market segment-level market identifier
RIVERCROSS operating-level market identifier
REFINITIV - FORWARDS MATCHING operating-level market identifier
LEVEL ATS - RAYMOND JAMES AND ASSOCIATES X market segment-level market identifier
RAIFFEISENLANDESBANK OBEROSTERREICH operating-level market identifier
RMB MORGAN STANLEY operating-level market identifier
RMB MORGAN STANLEY - INVENTORY MANAGER market segment-level market identifier
REFINITIV MTF operating-level market identifier
MTS ISRAEL market segment-level market identifier
TAIPEI EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ROSARIO FUTURE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SIX REPO AG operating-level market identifier
RWANDA OTC MARKET operating-level market identifier
MOSCOW ENERGY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/BONDS/CATALYST/BONDSPOT/REGULATED MARKET market segment-level market identifier
ROUTE4GAS operating-level market identifier
RAIFFEISEN BANK S.A. (ROMANIA) operating-level market identifier
RWANDA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
RBC INVESTOR SERVICES TRUST - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
REFINITIV TRANSACTIONS SERVICES LIMITED operating-level market identifier
REFINITIV TRANSACTION SERVICES PTE. LTD operating-level market identifier
MOSCOW EXCHANGE - DERIVATIVES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
RTX FINTECH AND RESEARCH operating-level market identifier
RULEMATCH operating-level market identifier
NON-PROFIT PARTNERSHIP FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF FINANCIAL MARKET RTS operating-level market identifier
RAIFFEISENVERBAND SALZBURG operating-level market identifier
SOCIETY3 FUNDERSMART operating-level market identifier
SAGETRADER operating-level market identifier
BANCO SANTANDER S.A. operating-level market identifier
SPAREBANK 1 MARKETS operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE BARCELONA RENTA FIJA market segment-level market identifier
SCOTIABANK operating-level market identifier
JAPANNEXT - XROSSNET market segment-level market identifier
JAPANNEXT - J - MARKET operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE BILBAO RENTA FIJA market segment-level market identifier
JAPANNEXT - U - MARKET market segment-level market identifier
JAPANNEXT - VWAP CROSSING market segment-level market identifier
SPOT REGULATED MARKET - BMFMS market segment-level market identifier
SYDBANK A/S operating-level market identifier
STANDARD CHARTERED BANK AG operating-level market identifier
SCALABLE CAPITAL operating-level market identifier
BME SCALEUP market segment-level market identifier
SCOTTISH STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SEED DIGITAL SECURITIES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
SEED FUTURES market segment-level market identifier
SEED DIGITAL COMMODITIES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
ZERO HASH LLC operating-level market identifier
SEED SEF market segment-level market identifier
STIFEL EUROPE BANK AG operating-level market identifier
SEB LITHUANIA operating-level market identifier
SEB - LIQUIDITY POOL operating-level market identifier
SECDEX CLEARING LIMITED operating-level market identifier
SECDEX DEPOSITORY LIMITED operating-level market identifier
SECDEX EXCHANGE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
SECFINEX operating-level market identifier
SECDEX DIGITAL CUSTODIAN LIMITED operating-level market identifier
SEEDRS - SECONDARY MARKET operating-level market identifier
SECURITISED DERIVATIVES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - SWEDISH EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
SISTEMA ESPECIAL DE LIQUIDACAO E CUSTODIA DE TITULOS PUBLICOS operating-level market identifier
SEMOPX operating-level market identifier
SEND - SISTEMA ELECTRONICO DE NEGOCIACION DE DEUDA market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - OTC SEK WB EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
STOCK EXCHANGE PERSPECTIVA operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - SEK WB EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
SWISSCANTO FUNDS CENTRE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
FIS SECURITIES FINANCE MATCHING PLATFORM operating-level market identifier
SG AMERICAS SECURITIES, LLC - SECOND VENUE market segment-level market identifier
SG AMERICAS SECURITIES, LLC operating-level market identifier
SIGMA X2 - BENCHMARK CROSS market segment-level market identifier
SHANGHAI GOLD EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
GOLDMAN SACH MTF operating-level market identifier
SIGMA X2 market segment-level market identifier
SIGMA X EUROPE NON-DISPLAYED BOOK operating-level market identifier
SIGMA X EUROPE AUCTION BOOK market segment-level market identifier
SIGMA X EUROPE NEGOTIATED TRADE market segment-level market identifier
SIGMA X MTF NON-DISPLAYED BOOK operating-level market identifier
SIGMA X MTF - AUCTION BOOK market segment-level market identifier
SIGMA X MTF - NEGOTIATED TRADE market segment-level market identifier
SG OPTION EUROPE operating-level market identifier
D.E. SHAW DARK market segment-level market identifier
ASSET MATCH operating-level market identifier
D.E. SHAW operating-level market identifier
STOCK EXCHANGE OF HONG KONG LIMITED - SHANGHAI - HONG KONG STOCK CONNECT market segment-level market identifier
ALIOR BANK operating-level market identifier
SIB CYPRUS LTD operating-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE SECURITIES (EUROPE) LIMITED market segment-level market identifier
SCOTIABANK (IRELAND) DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY operating-level market identifier
SIEGE FX LIMITED operating-level market identifier
SIGMA X AUSTRALIA operating-level market identifier
SIGMA X HONG KONG market segment-level market identifier
SIGMA X JAPAN operating-level market identifier
SIGMA X CANADA operating-level market identifier
CREDIT SUISSE BANK (EUROPE), S.A. - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
SIM VENTURE SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SUSQUEHANNA INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES LIMITED operating-level market identifier
SUSQUEHANNA INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES LIMITED - LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
SKB BANKA D.D. LJUBLJANA operating-level market identifier
SPAREKASSEN KRONJYLLAND operating-level market identifier
SKYTRA operating-level market identifier
SALZBURGER LANDES-HYPOTHEKENBANK operating-level market identifier
MTS SLOVAKIA market segment-level market identifier
SL-X - SECURITIES LENDING MTF operating-level market identifier
SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION - BRUSSELS BRANCH operating-level market identifier
SMBC NIKKO SNET DARKPOOL operating-level market identifier
SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION - DUESSELDORF BRANCH operating-level market identifier
SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION EUROPE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION - LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION EUROPE LIMITED - PARIS BRANCH operating-level market identifier
SINGAPORE MERCANTILE EXCHANGE PTE LTD operating-level market identifier
SMALL EXCHANGE, INC - DESIGNATED CONTRACT MARKET operating-level market identifier
SMBC BANK EU AG operating-level market identifier
MTS SPAIN market segment-level market identifier
SPAR NORD BANK operating-level market identifier
SANTANDER UK operating-level market identifier
TWO SIGMA SECURITIES, LLC operating-level market identifier
SPAD TRADING market segment-level market identifier
SPECTRAXE operating-level market identifier
SPB EXCHANGE - ALL MARKETS operating-level market identifier
SPOTLIGHT STOCK MARKET DENMARK market segment-level market identifier
SPREADEX operating-level market identifier
MAREX SPECTRON INTERNATIONAL LIMITED OTF operating-level market identifier
SPOTLIGHT STOCK MARKET EUROPE market segment-level market identifier
SPECTRUM MARKETS operating-level market identifier
SPOTLIGHT STOCK MARKET FINLAND market segment-level market identifier
MIAX SAPPHIRE, LLC market segment-level market identifier
ST. PETERSBURG INTERNATIONAL MERCANTILE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SPOTLIGHT STOCK MARKET NORWAY market segment-level market identifier
SPREADZERO operating-level market identifier
SPOTLIGHT STOCK MARKET ETP market segment-level market identifier
SPAREBANK 1 SMN operating-level market identifier
SPOT FX operating-level market identifier
SQUARE GLOBAL - OTF operating-level market identifier
SPEEDROUTE LLC operating-level market identifier
STATE STREET BANK INTERNATIONAL GMBH operating-level market identifier
STATE STREET BANK INTERNATIONAL FX market segment-level market identifier
STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY operating-level market identifier
SOCIAL STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST FX market segment-level market identifier
STATE STREET BANK INTERNATIONAL FX - LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
FIRST NORTH SWEDEN - SME GROWTH MARKET market segment-level market identifier
BONDVISION EUROPE MTF market segment-level market identifier
E-EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SSW MARKET MAKING operating-level market identifier
SCHNEIDER OTF operating-level market identifier
STANDARD CHARTERED operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ COMMODITIES - STEEL COMMODITY market segment-level market identifier
STIFEL NICOLAUS EUROPE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
STIFEL, NICOLAUS AND COMPANY, INCORPORATED operating-level market identifier
STOXX LIMITED operating-level market identifier
PURESTREAM operating-level market identifier
PRAGUE STOCK EXCHANGE - START (MTF) market segment-level market identifier
SUN TRADING INTERNATIONAL operating-level market identifier
BOERSE STUTTGART - REGULIERTER MARKT market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE STUTTGART - FREIVERKEHR market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE STUTTGART - REGULIERTER MARKT - TECHNICAL PLATFORM 2 market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE STUTTGART - FREIVERKEHR - TECHNICAL PLATFORM 2 market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE STUTTGART - REGULIERTER MARKT - TECHNICAL PLATFORM 3 market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE STUTTGART - FREIVERKEHR - TECHNICAL PLATFORM 3 market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE STUTTGART - FREIVERKEHR - TECHNICAL PLATFORM 4 market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE STUTTGART - FREIVERKEHR - DLT market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE STUTTGART - FREIVERKEHR - TECHNICAL PLATFORM 2 - DLT market segment-level market identifier
STX FIXED INCOME operating-level market identifier
BIT2ME SECURITY TOKENS EXCHANGE - STX operating-level market identifier
SUNRISE BROKERS operating-level market identifier
SUNRISE - MTF market segment-level market identifier
SUNRISE - OTF market segment-level market identifier
SUN TRADING LLC operating-level market identifier
SVENSKA HANDELSBANKEN AB market segment-level market identifier
SVENSKA HANDELSBANKEN AB - SVEX operating-level market identifier
SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SWAPSTREAM operating-level market identifier
SWEDBANK operating-level market identifier
SWEDBANK ESTONIA operating-level market identifier
SWEDBANK LITHUANIA operating-level market identifier
SWEDBANK LATVIA operating-level market identifier
FXSWAPX operating-level market identifier
SAXO BANK A/S operating-level market identifier
SYNOPTION operating-level market identifier
SYNKRONY EXCHANGE facility market identifier
STOCK EXCHANGE OF HONG KONG LIMITED - SHENZHEN - HONG KONG STOCK CONNECT market segment-level market identifier
TRADING 212 LIMITED operating-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP ENERGY market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP TRADEBLADE market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/BONDS/TREASURY BOND/BONDSPOT/B2C MARKET/MTF market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/BONDS/BONDSPOT/TREASURY BOND MARKET market segment-level market identifier
TRADEGATE BERLIN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TRADITION OTF market segment-level market identifier
TFS CME DIRECT market segment-level market identifier
TIDE CM operating-level market identifier
TORONTO DOMINION BANK - LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
TD SECURITIES operating-level market identifier
TRADITION PARIS - TSAF operating-level market identifier
INTELLIGENTCROSS - TDSX market segment-level market identifier
TRADEVILLE operating-level market identifier
TAURUS TDX operating-level market identifier
TP ICAP E AND C OTF - COMMODITY AND ENERGY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - OTF - EUROPEAN GOVERNMENT BONDS market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - MTF - FX DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - FX DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING UK GILTS market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS - UK GILTS market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - MTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING UK GILTS market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - MTF - COMMODITIES AND ENERGY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - MTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - MTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS - UK GILTS market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - MTF - MONEY MARKETS market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - MTF - REPOS market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PREBON FX DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - GOVERNMENT BONDS - EXCLUDING GILTS market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - REPOS market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - FX DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
RADIAL-X operating-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - REPOS market segment-level market identifier
TP ICAP FX HUB operating-level market identifier
TRADITION ESPANA OTF operating-level market identifier
THAILAND FUTURES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TFS GREEN AUSTRALIAN GREEN MARKETS operating-level market identifier
TFS GREEN CARBON CREDIT GLOBAL MARKETS market segment-level market identifier
T.F.S. DERIVATIVES HK LIMITED operating-level market identifier
TFS GREEN EUROPEAN GREEN MARKETS market segment-level market identifier
TRADITION ENERGY market segment-level market identifier
TFS VARIANCE SWAPS SYSTEM market segment-level market identifier
TFS GREEN UNITED STATES GREEN MARKETS operating-level market identifier
VOLBROKER operating-level market identifier
TRADEGATE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TRADEGATE AG - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
THEMIS TRADING LLC operating-level market identifier
THIRD MARKET CORPORATION market segment-level market identifier
REFINITIV US SEF LLC operating-level market identifier
TOTAN ICAP CO. LTD operating-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - MTF - INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
TRADINGLAB operating-level market identifier
LOUIS CAPITAL MARKETS EU market segment-level market identifier
ICE TMC market segment-level market identifier
TRADING 212 MARKETS LIMITED operating-level market identifier
TRUMID EU MTF operating-level market identifier
TURKISH MERCANTILE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TRUMID ATS operating-level market identifier
EUROBENCHMARK TRES. BILLS market segment-level market identifier
TRUMID UK MTF operating-level market identifier
TMX SELECT operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT - TRADED BUT NOT LISTED AMSTERDAM market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT - TRADING FACILITY BRUSSELS market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT BLOCKS market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT - TRADING FACILITY LONDON market segment-level market identifier
TORA CROSSPOINT operating-level market identifier
TOM MTF DERIVATIVES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - MADRID - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - MADRID - GOVERNMENT BONDS - EXCLUDING GILTS market segment-level market identifier
TOM MTF CASH MARKETS operating-level market identifier
TOWER RESEARCH CAPITAL EUROPE operating-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP CREDITDEAL market segment-level market identifier
TP ICAP - UK - DIGITAL ASSETS - SPOT facility market identifier
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - FRANKFURT - OTF operating-level market identifier
TP ICAP EU - MTF - DERIVATIVES REGISTRATION market segment-level market identifier
TP ICAP EU - MTF - EQUITY AND ETF market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON (EUROPE) LIMITED operating-level market identifier
TP ICAP E AND C OTF operating-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP EQUITYTRADE market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EU OTF - REGISTRATION market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - MADRID operating-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EU OTF operating-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP FORWARDDEAL market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS operating-level market identifier
TP ICAP EU - MTF operating-level market identifier
TP ICAP - UK - DIGITAL ASSETS facility market identifier
THE PROPERTY INVESTMENT EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
THE PROPERTY INVESTMENT MARKET operating-level market identifier
TP ICAP EU - MTF - ORDERBOOK market segment-level market identifier
TP ICAP EU - MTF - REGISTRATION market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON - INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES - OTF operating-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON - INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES - LIQUIDITY CHAIN - OTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON - INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES - MIREXA - OTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON - INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES - MIREXA - OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP REPO market segment-level market identifier
TP ICAP SEF market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP SWAPDEAL market segment-level market identifier
TP SEF, INC. operating-level market identifier
TP ICAP RMO market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF operating-level market identifier
TP UK OTF operating-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP SPOTDEAL market segment-level market identifier
TPSEF, INC - VOICE market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON - INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES - TPSYNREX - OTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT market segment-level market identifier
TURQUOISE EUROPE - PERIODIC AUCTIONS ORDER BOOK market segment-level market identifier
TURQUOISE EUROPE - NYLON CASH ORDER BOOK market segment-level market identifier
TURQUOISE EUROPE - DARK market segment-level market identifier
TURQUOISE EUROPE - LIT ORDER BOOK operating-level market identifier
TRAIANA INC operating-level market identifier
REFINITIV TRANSACTIONS SERVICES LIMITED - FXALL RFQ market segment-level market identifier
TRADITION ASIA LIMITED operating-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS POST-TRADE LIMITED - APA facility market identifier
TRADE REPUBLIC BANK operating-level market identifier
TRACK ECN operating-level market identifier
TOWER RESEARCH CAPITAL TRCX operating-level market identifier
TFS CURRENCIES PTE LTD operating-level market identifier
TRADITION operating-level market identifier
TRAD-X market segment-level market identifier
TRADEWEB EUROPE LIMITED - APA facility market identifier
TRADEWEB EUROPE LIMITED - OTF market segment-level market identifier
TRADEWEB EUROPE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
REFINITIV TRANSACTION SERVICES LIMITED - FORWARDS MATCHING market segment-level market identifier
TRADEWEB FX OPTIONS market segment-level market identifier
TRADING 212 MARKETS (IRELAND) LIMITED operating-level market identifier
MARKETAXESS POST-TRADE B.V. - APA facility market identifier
MERJ EXCHANGE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
TURQUOISE - PERIODIC AUCTIONS ORDER BOOK market segment-level market identifier
TURQUOISE NYLON CASH ORDER BOOK market segment-level market identifier
TURQUOISE NYLON CLEARED CONTRACT market segment-level market identifier
TURQUOISE DERIVATIVES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
TURQUOISE - DARK ORDER BOOK market segment-level market identifier
TURQUOISE SWAPMATCH market segment-level market identifier
TURQUOISE - LIT ORDER BOOK operating-level market identifier
TOWER RESEARCH CAPITAL EUROPE LTD operating-level market identifier
TRUEEX LLC - DESIGNATED CONTRACT MARKET (DMC) market segment-level market identifier
TRUEEX LLC - SEF (SWAP EXECUTION FACILITY) market segment-level market identifier
TRADING 212 UK LIMITED operating-level market identifier
TRUEEX LLC operating-level market identifier
TRADEWEB LLC operating-level market identifier
TRAD-X EUROPE operating-level market identifier
TRADITION SECURITIES AND DERIVATIVES INC. operating-level market identifier
TSAF OTC - OTF operating-level market identifier
TRADITION SBSEF market segment-level market identifier
DBOT ATS, LLC operating-level market identifier
TP UK OTF - CORPORATE BONDS market segment-level market identifier
TP UK OTF - CREDIT DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
TP UK OTF - EQUITY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
TRADITION SEF operating-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - FRANKFURT - OTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - FRANKFURT - OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS - EX GILTS market segment-level market identifier
TP UK OTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT market segment-level market identifier
TP UK OTF - FX DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
TP UK OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING UK GILTS market segment-level market identifier
TP UK OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS - UK GILTS market segment-level market identifier
TRADITION SINGAPORE PTE. LTD. operating-level market identifier
TP UK OTF - INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF - CREDIT DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING UK GILTS market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF - MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS market segment-level market identifier
TP UK OTF - MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF - REPOS market segment-level market identifier
TP UK OTF - REPOS market segment-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS - UK GILTS market segment-level market identifier
TP UK OTF - ORDERBOOK market segment-level market identifier
TRADEWEB EU BV - APA facility market identifier
TRADEWEB EU BV - MTF market segment-level market identifier
TRADEWEB EU BV - OTF market segment-level market identifier
TRADEWEB EU BV operating-level market identifier
TRADEWEB EUROPE LIMITED - GLOBAL TRADING PLATFORM operating-level market identifier
TRADEWEB EUROPE LIMITED - HONG KONG operating-level market identifier
TRADEWEB JAPAN KK - PTS operating-level market identifier
TRADEWEB JAPAN KK - ETP market segment-level market identifier
TRADEWEB COMPANY - ATS operating-level market identifier
TW SEF LLC market segment-level market identifier
TRADEWEB EUROPE LIMITED - SINGAPORE operating-level market identifier
BOFA VWAP CROSS AT LEVEL market segment-level market identifier
TEXAS STOCK EXCHANGE - DARK market segment-level market identifier
TEXAS STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
360 TRADING NETWORKS INC. operating-level market identifier
UNICREDIT BANK CZECH REPUBLIC AND SLOVAKIA, A.S. operating-level market identifier
UNIVERSAL BARTER EXCHANGE CREDIT UNION operating-level market identifier
UBI BANCA operating-level market identifier
UNION BANK OF INDIA UK LTD operating-level market identifier
UNIPOL BANCA S.P.A. operating-level market identifier
UBS ATS operating-level market identifier
UBS AG LONDON BRANCH - TRADING operating-level market identifier
UBS PIN-FX market segment-level market identifier
UBS EUROPE SE operating-level market identifier
UBS PIN (EMEA) market segment-level market identifier
UBS FX market segment-level market identifier
UBS TRADING operating-level market identifier
UBS EUROPE SE market segment-level market identifier
UBS EUROPE SE - TRADING operating-level market identifier
UBS PIN (UBS PRICE IMPROVEMENT NETWORK) market segment-level market identifier
UBS SECURITIES LLC operating-level market identifier
UBS CROSS operating-level market identifier
UBS AG LONDON BRANCH market segment-level market identifier
UNICREDIT BANK AUSTRIA AG operating-level market identifier
UNICREDIT BULBANK AD operating-level market identifier
UNICREDIT BANK AG operating-level market identifier
UNICREDIT BANK HUNGARY ZRT. operating-level market identifier
UNICREDIT SPA operating-level market identifier
UNITEDBLOCKTRADE operating-level market identifier
UKRAINIAN INTERBANK CURRENCY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
CREDIT AGRICOLE CIB UK BRANCH operating-level market identifier
UKRAINIAN EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MTS UK market segment-level market identifier
TP ICAP UK MTF - ORDERBOOK market segment-level market identifier
EPEX SPOT operating-level market identifier
TP ICAP UK MTF - REGISTRATION market segment-level market identifier
ALT XCHANGE (U) operating-level market identifier
MTS CEDULAS MARKET operating-level market identifier
UNICREDIT BANK AG - LONDON BRANCH - UK operating-level market identifier
REGIONAL EXCHANGE CENTRE - MICEX URAL operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - OTC USD WB EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - USD WB EQ DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
EUROMTS LIMITED market segment-level market identifier
UEDA TRADITION SECURITIES LTD. operating-level market identifier
ICE BONDPOINT market segment-level market identifier
VIRTUAL AUCTION GLOBAL LIMITED operating-level market identifier
VIRTUAL AUCTION GLOBAL MARKETS - MTF operating-level market identifier
VIRTU CLIENT MARKET MAKING market segment-level market identifier
VANTAGE CAPITAL MARKETS LLP - OTF operating-level market identifier
VIRTU MATCHIT - CONDITIONAL ROOM market segment-level market identifier
TSX VENTURE EXCHANGE - DRK market segment-level market identifier
VEGA-CHI operating-level market identifier
VERTICAL operating-level market identifier
VIRTU FINANCIAL CAPITAL MARKETS LLC operating-level market identifier
VICTORIA FALLS STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
VIRTU FINANCIAL IRELAND LIMITED (LONDON BRANCH) operating-level market identifier
VIRTU FINANCIAL IRELAND LIMITED operating-level market identifier
VIRTU MATCHIT - MAIN CROSSING SESSION market segment-level market identifier
VIRTU FINANCIAL IRELAND LIMITED - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER market segment-level market identifier
VIRTU FINANCIAL IRELAND LIMITED - OTC market segment-level market identifier
VIRTU FINANCIAL BD operating-level market identifier
POSIT UK operating-level market identifier
KABU.COMPTS-VWAP market segment-level market identifier
VONTOBEL LIQUIDITY EXTENDER operating-level market identifier
VENOMEX LIMITED operating-level market identifier
THE FAROESE SECURITIES MARKET operating-level market identifier
MTS SLOVENIA market segment-level market identifier
WALL STREET ACCESS NYC - VNDM market segment-level market identifier
TRADITION - VOLATIS market segment-level market identifier
BANK VONTOBEL EUROPE AG operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT - VENTES PUBLIQUES BRUSSELS market segment-level market identifier
NYSE EURONEXT - COMPARTIMENT DES VALEURS RADIEES PARIS market segment-level market identifier
VTB CAPITAL PLC operating-level market identifier
VORTEX market segment-level market identifier
TRADELINK market segment-level market identifier
TRADEPLUS market segment-level market identifier
VSEOBECNA UVEROVA BANKA, AS operating-level market identifier
VIRTU AMERICAS LLC operating-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE EQUITIES - NL market segment-level market identifier
VWD - APA SERVICE facility market identifier
VWD TRANSACTIONSOLUTIONS AG operating-level market identifier
WALL STREET ACCESS NYC market segment-level market identifier
WIENER BOERSE AG AMTLICHER HANDEL (OFFICIAL MARKET) market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/BONDS/CATALYST/LISTING market segment-level market identifier
WIENER BOERSE AG VIENNA MTF (VIENNA MTF) market segment-level market identifier
WIENER BOERSE AG GEREGELTER FREIVERKEHR (SECOND REGULATED MARKET) market segment-level market identifier
BANK ZACHODNI WBK S.A. operating-level market identifier
WIENER BOERSE AG MIDPOINT AMTLICHER HANDEL (OFFICIAL MARKET) market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/ BONDS/CATALYST/MAIN MARKET market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/COMMODITY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
ICAP WCLK market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
WEEDEN AND CO MARKETS operating-level market identifier
WELLS FARGO SECURITIES, LLC - EQUITIES operating-level market identifier
WELLS FARGO LIQUIDITY CROSS ATS operating-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/ ETPS market segment-level market identifier
WELLS FARGO BANK NA - LONDON BRANCH operating-level market identifier
WELLS FARGO SECURITIES, LLC - EQUITIES - LIQUIDITY PROVIDERS market segment-level market identifier
WELLS FARGO SECURITIES EUROPE, S.A. operating-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/COMMODITIES/POLISH POWER EXCHANGE/GAS market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/INDICES market segment-level market identifier
WINTERFLOOD SECURITIES LIMITED - ELECTRONIC PLATFORM operating-level market identifier
WINTERFLOOD SECURITIES LIMITED - MANUAL TRADING market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE - OTHER THAN XOFF OR XXXX market segment-level market identifier
WEMATCH operating-level market identifier
WEMATCH - SBL market segment-level market identifier
WEMATCH - SWAPS market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/BONDS/CATALYST/MTF market segment-level market identifier
WEMATCH US operating-level market identifier
WOOD AND COMPANY FINANCIAL SERVICES, A.S. operating-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE - SPO BOOK BUILDING market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT - MARKET WITHOUT QUOTATIONS LISBON market segment-level market identifier
WALL STREET ACCESS operating-level market identifier
WEMATCH US - SBL market segment-level market identifier
WELLS FARGO SECURITIES INTERNATIONAL operating-level market identifier
WESTPAC BANKING CORPORATION operating-level market identifier
WEMATCH US - SWAPS market segment-level market identifier
ABG SUNDAL COLLIER AB operating-level market identifier
ABG SUNDAL COLLIER ASA operating-level market identifier
BOURSE DES VALEURS ABIDJAN operating-level market identifier
ABAXX EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT ACCESS DUBLIN market segment-level market identifier
AMSTERDAM COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ATHENS EXCHANGE S.A. DERIVATIVES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
FINRA ALTERNATIVE DISPLAY FACILITY (ADF) market segment-level market identifier
ABU DHABI SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
AEX-AGRICULTURAL FUTURES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ALTERNATIVA FRANCE operating-level market identifier
AFRICAN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
AIM ITALIA - MERCATO ALTERNATIVO DEL CAPITALE market segment-level market identifier
ALBERTA STOCK EXCHANGE, THE operating-level market identifier
ALGIERS STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ALBANIA SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ALTEX - ATS operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT AMSTERDAM - MULTI-CURRENCY TRADING market segment-level market identifier
AMMAN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT - EURONEXT AMSTERDAM operating-level market identifier
ASIANEXT DERIVATIVES facility market identifier
ASIANEXT TOKEN MARKETPLACE operating-level market identifier
ASIANEXT CRYPTO SPOT facility market identifier
BEURS VAN ANTWERPEN (ANTWERP STOCK EXCHANGE) operating-level market identifier
AUSTRALIAN OPTIONS MARKET operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT - APA facility market identifier
REGIONAL EXCHANGE CENTRE - MICEX FAR EAST operating-level market identifier
AUTOMATED EQUITY FINANCE MARKETS operating-level market identifier
THE ARCHIPELAGO ECN operating-level market identifier
ARMENIA SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NYSE AMERICAN LLC market segment-level market identifier
IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE - GLOBAL EXCHANGE MARKET market segment-level market identifier
ASX - ALL MARKETS operating-level market identifier
ATHENS EXCHANGE S.A. CASH MARKET market segment-level market identifier
ATLANTIC SECURITIES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
ALPHA EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ALPHA-X market segment-level market identifier
NEW ZEALAND STOCK EXCHANGE - AUCKLAND operating-level market identifier
ARIZONA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BAHAMAS INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BARBADOS STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BAHRAIN BOURSE operating-level market identifier
BANGALORE STOCK EXCHANGE LTD operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE BARCELONA market segment-level market identifier
MERCHBOLSA AGENCIA DE VALORES, S.A. operating-level market identifier
BOLSA BRASILIERA DE FUTUROS operating-level market identifier
JAKARTA FUTURES EXCHANGE (BURSA BERJANGKA JAKARTA) operating-level market identifier
PERIMETER FINANCIAL CORP. - BLOCKBOOK ATS operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE COMERCIO DE CORDOBA operating-level market identifier
BUDAPEST COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
LA BOLSA ELECTRONICA DE CHILE operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE COMERCIO DE MENDOZA S.A. operating-level market identifier
BOLSA CENTROAMERICANA DE VALORES operating-level market identifier
MERCADO DE VALORES DE MENDOZA S.A. market segment-level market identifier
BERMUDA STOCK EXCHANGE LTD operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE DIVIDA E VALORES DE ANGOLA (BODIVA) - ANGOLA SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BELGRADE STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BOERSE BERLIN operating-level market identifier
JSE CASH BOND MARKET market segment-level market identifier
BOURSE DE BEYROUTH - BEIRUT STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BELGIAN FUTURES AND OPTIONS EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALORES DE BILBAO market segment-level market identifier
BARBADOS STOCK EXCHANGE - INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
STOCK EXCHANGE OF THAILAND - FOREIGN BOARD market segment-level market identifier
STOCK EXCHANGE OF THAILAND operating-level market identifier
BANJA LUKA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT BLOCK 2 market segment-level market identifier
BLUENEXT operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE MERCADORIAS E FUTUROS operating-level market identifier
BONDMART operating-level market identifier
BUDAPEST STOCK EXCHANGE - XBOND market segment-level market identifier
BOLSA NACIONAL DE VALORES, S.A. operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALORES DE COLOMBIA operating-level market identifier
BOLSA BOLIVIANA DE VALORES S.A. operating-level market identifier
BSE LTD operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ OMX BX market segment-level market identifier
BOTSWANA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BOX OPTIONS EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BRATISLAVA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT - EURONEXT BRUSSELS - DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
BREMER WERTPAPIERBOERSE operating-level market identifier
ROMANIAN COMMODITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BX SWISS AG operating-level market identifier
BRUT ECN market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT - EURONEXT BRUSSELS operating-level market identifier
BOURSE REGIONALE DES VALEURS MOBILIERES operating-level market identifier
DERIVATIVES REGULATED MARKET - BVB market segment-level market identifier
SPOT REGULATED MARKET - BVB operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALORES DE SAO PAULO operating-level market identifier
BROKERTEC FUTURES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SIX SWISS BILATERAL TRADING PLATFORM FOR STRUCTURED OTC PRODUCTS market segment-level market identifier
BUDAPEST STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE COMERCIO DE BUENOS AIRES operating-level market identifier
BULGARIAN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
CAPE VERDE STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MOZAMBIQUE STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALORES DO PARANA operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALORES DE LA REPUBLICA DOMINICANA SA. operating-level market identifier
EGYPTIAN EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
CALCUTTA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
CAN - ATS market segment-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALORES DE CARACAS market segment-level market identifier
CASABLANCA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
CAYMAN ISLANDS STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
CBOE DIGITAL EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
CBOE FUTURES EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
CBOE GLOBAL MARKETS INC. operating-level market identifier
CHICAGO BOARD OF TRADE operating-level market identifier
CHUBU COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
CHICAGO CLIMATE EXCHANGE, INC operating-level market identifier
BAXTER FINANCIAL SERVICES operating-level market identifier
COMMODITIES EXCHANGE CENTER market segment-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BOERSE - CEF - REAL-TIME FEED operating-level market identifier
WIENER BOERSE AG, CEGH GAS EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
UZBEK COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
CHINA FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRADE SYSTEM facility market identifier
CANTOR FINANCIAL FUTURES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
CHINESE GOLD AND SILVER EXCHANGE SOCIETY operating-level market identifier
CHITTAGONG STOCK EXCHANGE LTD. operating-level market identifier
NYSE TEXAS, INC. market segment-level market identifier
THE INTERNATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NYSE NATIONAL, INC. market segment-level market identifier
CHICAGO MERCANTILE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE COMERCIO CONFEDERADA S.A. operating-level market identifier
CANADIAN SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
COLOMBO STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
CHICAGO RICE AND COTTON EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
CROATIAN POWER EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NEW YORK COCOA, COFFEE AND SUGAR EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ COPENHAGEN A/S operating-level market identifier
CAMBODIA SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BOERSE STUTTGART - TECHNICAL PLATFORM 4 market segment-level market identifier
UZBEKISTAN REPUBLICAN CURRENCY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
CURRENEX operating-level market identifier
CEVALDOM - OTC MARKET operating-level market identifier
CX2 market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ CXD operating-level market identifier
CYPRUS STOCK EXCHANGE - OTC market segment-level market identifier
CYPRUS STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
DAR ES SALAAM STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BOERSE AG - CUSTOMIZED INDICES market segment-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BOERSE AG - VOLATILITY INDICES market segment-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BOERSE AG - INDICES market segment-level market identifier
DALIAN COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
DELHI STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BOERSE STUTTGART - DIGITAL EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
JOINT-STOCK COMPANY STOCK EXCHANGE INNEX operating-level market identifier
DUBAI FINANCIAL MARKET operating-level market identifier
DHAKA STOCK EXCHANGE LTD operating-level market identifier
SIX SWISS EXCHANGE - DEAL POOL - BOOK BUILDING AND ANNOUNCEMENT PLATFORM market segment-level market identifier
ITALIAN DERIVATIVES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
DNB BANK ASA operating-level market identifier
CADE - MERCADO DE DEUDA PUBLICA ANOTADA operating-level market identifier
AIAF - MERCADO DE RENTA FIJA market segment-level market identifier
TORONTO STOCK EXCHANGE - DRK market segment-level market identifier
DAMASCUS SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BORSA ISTANBUL - DEBT SECURITIES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
DOUALA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
DTB DEUTSCHE TERMINBOERSE GMBH operating-level market identifier
IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE - ALL MARKET operating-level market identifier
BOERSE DUESSELDORF operating-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BOERSE AG, FRANKFURT AM MAIN operating-level market identifier
EQUIDUCT market segment-level market identifier
ENERGY BROKING IRELAND GAS TRADING PLATFORM operating-level market identifier
EBS UK MULTILATERAL TRADING FACILITY operating-level market identifier
ECB EXCHANGE RATES operating-level market identifier
EUROPEAN COMMODITY CLEARING AG operating-level market identifier
MTF - CYPRUS EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT OTHER COMMODITY DERIV market segment-level market identifier
EASTERN CARIBBEAN SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ELECTRICITY DAY-AHEAD MARKET market segment-level market identifier
EDX LONDON LIMITED operating-level market identifier
EUROPEAN ENERGY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
EUROPEAN ENERGY EXCHANGE - NON-MTF MARKET market segment-level market identifier
EUROPEAN ENERGY EXCHANGE - REGULATED MARKET market segment-level market identifier
EUREX REPO - HQLA MARKET market segment-level market identifier
ELECTRICITY INTRA-DAY MARKET market segment-level market identifier
XETRA MIDPOINT REGULATED MARKET market segment-level market identifier
XETRA MIDPOINT OPEN MARKET market segment-level market identifier
MERCADO MEXICANO DE DERIVADOS operating-level market identifier
XETRA MIDPOINT SCALE market segment-level market identifier
EMS EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BOERSE BERLIN EQUIDUCT TRADING market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE BERLIN EQUIDUCT TRADING - US market segment-level market identifier
BORSA ISTANBUL - EQUITY MARKET market segment-level market identifier
EUREX REPO - FUNDING AND FINANCING PRODUCTS market segment-level market identifier
EUREX REPO - TRIPARTY market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT GROWTH DUBLIN market segment-level market identifier
XETRA - REGULIERTER MARKT market segment-level market identifier
XETRA - FREIVERKEHR market segment-level market identifier
XETRA INTERNATIONAL MARKET - REGULATED MARKET market segment-level market identifier
XETRA INTERNATIONAL MARKET - OPEN MARKET market segment-level market identifier
XETRA - NON-FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT ETF ACCESS market segment-level market identifier
XETRA INTERNATIONAL MARKET operating-level market identifier
XETRA - SCALE market segment-level market identifier
XETRA - REGULIERTERMARKT - OFF-BOOK market segment-level market identifier
XETRA - FREIVERKEHR - OFF-BOOK market segment-level market identifier
XETRA - SCALE - OFF-BOOK market segment-level market identifier
XETRA - NON-FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - OFF-BOOK market segment-level market identifier
EUREX BONDS market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT COM, COMMODITIES FUTURES AND OPTIONS market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT EQF, EQUITIES AND INDICES DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT IRF, INTEREST RATE FUTURE AND OPTIONS market segment-level market identifier
EUREX REPO SECLEND MARKET market segment-level market identifier
EUREX REPO GMBH operating-level market identifier
EUREX DEUTSCHLAND operating-level market identifier
US FUTURES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
FINANCIALCONTENT - INDEXES market segment-level market identifier
MERCADO DE FUTUROS Y OPCIONES SOBRE CITRICOS operating-level market identifier
FINANCIALCONTENT - DIGITAL ASSET TRADE REPORTING FACILITY market segment-level market identifier
FEX GLOBAL operating-level market identifier
FUKUOKA FUTURES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
FUKUOKA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SOCIETE DU NOUVEAU MARCHE operating-level market identifier
BORSA ISTANBUL - FUTURES AND OPTIONS MARKET market segment-level market identifier
FINEX (NEW YORK AND DUBLIN) operating-level market identifier
FINNISH OPTIONS MARKET operating-level market identifier
DEUTSCHE BOERSE AG operating-level market identifier
FINANCIELE TERMIJNMARKET AMSTERDAM operating-level market identifier
GAMI ASSET INVESTMENT L.L.C operating-level market identifier
CENTRAL EASTERN EUROPEAN GAS EXCHANGE LTD operating-level market identifier
TRADEGATE EXCHANGE - FREIVERKEHR market segment-level market identifier
GLOBAL COAL LIMITED operating-level market identifier
GLOBAL COMMODITIES EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
GLOBAL DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
HONG KONG GROWTH ENTERPRISES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
GFI BASISMATCH market segment-level market identifier
GAMI GLOBAL INVESTMENT L.L.C operating-level market identifier
GHANA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/ EQUITIES/GLOBAL CONNECT - MTF market segment-level market identifier
GESTORE MERCATO ELETTRICO - ITALIAN POWER EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
GLOBALCLEAR MERCANTILE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TRADEGATE EXCHANGE - REGULIERTER MARKT market segment-level market identifier
GEORGIA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
GLOBAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALORES NACIONAL SA operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALORES DE GUAYAQUIL operating-level market identifier
HANSEATISCHE WERTPAPIERBOERSE HAMBURG operating-level market identifier
NIEDERSAECHSISCHE BOERSE ZU HANNOVER operating-level market identifier
RISK MANAGEMENT EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ HELSINKI LTD operating-level market identifier
NIPPON NEW MARKET - HERCULES operating-level market identifier
ARCA EUROPE market segment-level market identifier
HIROSHIMA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
HONG KONG FUTURES EXCHANGE LTD. operating-level market identifier
HONG KONG EXCHANGES AND CLEARING LTD operating-level market identifier
HANOI STOCK EXCHANGE - DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
HANOI STOCK EXCHANGE (UNLISTED PUBLIC COMPANY TRADING PLATFORM) market segment-level market identifier
HONDURIAN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ISTANBUL GOLD EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BAKU INTERBANK CURRENCY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SIX CORPORATE BONDS AG operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ ICELAND HF. operating-level market identifier
INSTINET CANADA CROSS operating-level market identifier
INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
INSTINET EUROPE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE - ENTERPRISE SECURITIES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
BLOCKMATCH EUROPE operating-level market identifier
INSTINET PACIFIC LTD operating-level market identifier
INSTINET JAPAN operating-level market identifier
INTERNATIONAL MARTIME EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MULTI COMMODITY EXCHANGE OF INDIA LTD. operating-level market identifier
TAIWAN INTERNATIONAL MERCANTILE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
INTERNATIONAL MONETARY MARKET market segment-level market identifier
IMX HEALTH - FUTURES operating-level market identifier
SHANGHAI INTERNATIONAL ENERGY EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
INSTINET operating-level market identifier
INVESTRO operating-level market identifier
INDEX AND OPTIONS MARKET market segment-level market identifier
INTERNATIONAL PETROLEUM EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
HELEX ELECTRONIC BOOK BUILDING market segment-level market identifier
IRAQ STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, LLC - ALTERNATIVE MARKETS market segment-level market identifier
INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, LLC - EQUITIES market segment-level market identifier
ISLAMABAD STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BORSA ISTANBUL operating-level market identifier
INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, LLC operating-level market identifier
JAMAICA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TOKYO STOCK EXCHANGE JASDAQ market segment-level market identifier
JAKARTA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
JAKARTA NEGOTIATED BOARD operating-level market identifier
JAPAN EXCHANGE GROUP operating-level market identifier
JOHANNESBURG STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
JIWAY EXCHANGE LTD operating-level market identifier
OSAKA DOJIMA COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
THE PAKISTAN STOCK EXCHANGE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
KAZAKHSTAN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
KANSAS CITY BOARD OF TRADE market segment-level market identifier
KHOREZM INTERREGION COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
KOREA EXCHANGE COMMODITY MARKET market segment-level market identifier
KOREA EXCHANGE EMISSIONS MARKET market segment-level market identifier
KOREA FREEBOARD MARKET operating-level market identifier
KOREA EXCHANGE (FUTURES MARKET) market segment-level market identifier
KOBE GOMU TORIHIKIJO (RUBBER EXCHANGE) operating-level market identifier
KHARTOUM STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
KHARKOV COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
KIEV UNIVERSAL EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
KIEV INTERNATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
KOBE KIITO TORIHIKIJO (RAW SILK EXCHANGE) operating-level market identifier
BURSA MALAYSIA operating-level market identifier
KOREA NEW EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
KOREA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
KOREA EXCHANGE (KOSDAQ) market segment-level market identifier
KOREA EXCHANGE (STOCK MARKET) operating-level market identifier
KYRGYZ STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
KANMON SHOHIN TORIHIKIJO (COMMODITY EXCHANGE) operating-level market identifier
KUWAIT STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
KYOTO STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
LAHORE STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
LAO SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MERCADO DE VALORES LATINOAMERICANOS (LATIBEX SMN) market segment-level market identifier
LONDON BULLION MARKET operating-level market identifier
LONDON COMMODITY EXCHANGE, THE operating-level market identifier
LCH LTD operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT - EURONEXT LONDON operating-level market identifier
LONDON DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
LABUAN INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
LGT BANK AG operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT LIFFE market segment-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALORES DE LIMA operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT - EURONEXT LISBON operating-level market identifier
AB NASDAQ VILNIUS operating-level market identifier
SI ENTER market segment-level market identifier
LJUBLJANA STOCK EXCHANGE (SEMI-OFFICIAL MARKET) operating-level market identifier
LJUBLJANA STOCK EXCHANGE (OFFICIAL MARKET) operating-level market identifier
LIECHTENSTEINISCHE LANDESBANK AG operating-level market identifier
LONDON METAL EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE - CURVEGLOBAL MARKETS market segment-level market identifier
MALAYSIA DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE BHD operating-level market identifier
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE - MTF market segment-level market identifier
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
LIQUIDITY CUBE PTY LTD operating-level market identifier
LIBYAN STOCK MARKET operating-level market identifier
LONDON TRADED OPTIONS MARKET operating-level market identifier
LUSAKA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
LUXEMBOURG STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MERCADO ABIERTO ELECTRONICO operating-level market identifier
MID AMERICA COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE MADRID market segment-level market identifier
MACEDONIAN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MARKET FOR ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENT market segment-level market identifier
MALTA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALORES DE NICARAGUA operating-level market identifier
MAPUTO STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT PARIS MATIF market segment-level market identifier
STOCK EXCHANGE OF MAURITIUS LTD operating-level market identifier
MERCADO CONTINUO ESPANOL - CONTINUOUS MARKET market segment-level market identifier
MARCHE INTERBANCAIRE DES DEVISES M.I.D. operating-level market identifier
MADRAS STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MEFF RENTA FIJA market segment-level market identifier
MEMX LLC operating-level market identifier
MERCHANTS' EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MERCADO DE VALORES DE BUENOS AIRES S.A. market segment-level market identifier
BOLSA MEXICANA DE VALORES (MEXICAN STOCK EXCHANGE) operating-level market identifier
MIAX FUTURES EXCHANGE - OCC CLEARING market segment-level market identifier
MEFF FX FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
MIAX FUTURES EXCHANGE, LLC operating-level market identifier
MOSCOW INTERBANK CURRENCY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MIDWEST STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MERCATO ITALIANO DEI FUTURES operating-level market identifier
BORSA ITALIANA S.P.A. operating-level market identifier
MIAMI INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT ACCESS PARIS market segment-level market identifier
OMLX, THE LONDON SECURITIES AND DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE LIMITED operating-level market identifier
CYPRUS STOCK EXCHANGE - SMES market segment-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALORES DE MONTEVIDEO operating-level market identifier
MONTENEGRO STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MONTREAL CLIMATE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
THE MONTREAL EXCHANGE / BOURSE DE MONTREAL operating-level market identifier
MOLDOVA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT PARIS MONEP market segment-level market identifier
MONTREAL EXCHANGE THE / BOURSE DE MONTREAL operating-level market identifier
CENTRAL COUNTERPARTY CLEARING CENTER MFB - JOINT-STOCK COMPANY operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT - ACCESS MILAN market segment-level market identifier
MEFF POWER DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
MEFF FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT DUBLIN market segment-level market identifier
MALAWI STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MATBA-ROFEX operating-level market identifier
BVB MTS INTERNATIONAL market segment-level market identifier
EUROMTS LTD operating-level market identifier
BOERSE MUENCHEN operating-level market identifier
MUSCAT STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MERCADO DE VALORES DEL LITORAL S.A. market segment-level market identifier
MX2 LLC operating-level market identifier
SISTEMA ELETRONICO DE NEGOCIACION DE ACTIVOS FINANCIEROS operating-level market identifier
NAIROBI STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NAMIBIAN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ - ALL MARKETS operating-level market identifier
NATIONAL COMMODITY AND DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE LTD operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ CAPITAL MARKET market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/ EQUITIES/NEW CONNECT - MTF market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ OPTIONS MARKET market segment-level market identifier
PJSC NATIONAL DEPOSITORY OF UKRAINE operating-level market identifier
NORDIC DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE OF AUSTRALIA LIMITED operating-level market identifier
NEW ZEALAND FUTURES AND OPTIONS EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NEPAL STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NEWEX market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ FIXED INCOME TRADING market segment-level market identifier
NORDIC GROWTH MARKET operating-level market identifier
NAGOYA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ/NGS (GLOBAL SELECT MARKET) market segment-level market identifier
NIIGATA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ INTERMARKET market segment-level market identifier
CENTRAL JAPAN COMMODITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NYSE LIFFE market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ OMX NLX market segment-level market identifier
NORDIC MTF REPORTING market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ/NMS (GLOBAL MARKET) market segment-level market identifier
NOMISMA (LIECHTENSTEIN) AG operating-level market identifier
NORDEA operating-level market identifier
BVB ENERGY DERIVATIVES market segment-level market identifier
THE NIGERIAN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE OF INDIA operating-level market identifier
NAGOYA SENI TORIHIKIJO (TEXTILE EXCHANGE) - CHUBU COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NXCHANGE B.V. MTF market segment-level market identifier
NEW YORK COTTON EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NEW YORK MERCANTILE EXCHANGE - OTC MARKETS market segment-level market identifier
NEW YORK MERCANTILE EXCHANGE - ENERGY MARKETS market segment-level market identifier
NEW YORK MERCANTILE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE, INC. operating-level market identifier
NZX - ALL MARKETS operating-level market identifier
OSLO BORS ASA - OSLO AXESS LIT X AUCTIONS market segment-level market identifier
OSLO AXESS NORTH SEA - DARK POOL market segment-level market identifier
NORDIC ALTERNATIVE BOND MARKET market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT EXPAND OSLO market segment-level market identifier
OSLO BORS - DERIVATIVES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
ONECHICAGO, LLC operating-level market identifier
ODESSA COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
OFF-EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS - LISTED INSTRUMENTS operating-level market identifier
OMX NORDIC EXCHANGE STOCKHOLM AB operating-level market identifier
OTC PUBLICATION VENUE market segment-level market identifier
OSLO BORS - LIT X AUCTIONS market segment-level market identifier
OSLO CONNECT market segment-level market identifier
OSLO BORS NORTH SEA - DARK POOL market segment-level market identifier
OSAKA EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
OSAKA EXCHANGE J-NET market segment-level market identifier
OSLO BORS operating-level market identifier
OSAKA MERCANTILE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
OSAKA SENI TORIHIKIJO (TEXTILE EXCHANGE) operating-level market identifier
OESTERREICHISCHE TERMIN- UND OPTIONENBOERSE, CLEARING BANK AG operating-level market identifier
OTP BANKA D.D. operating-level market identifier
POSIT AUCTION market segment-level market identifier
PALESTINE SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
POSIT AUCTION UK market segment-level market identifier
EURONEXT - EURONEXT PARIS operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ OMX FUTURES EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
STOCK EXCHANGE SAINT PETERSBURG operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ OMX PHLX market segment-level market identifier
PHILADELPHIA OPTIONS EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
PHILIPPINE STOCK EXCHANGE, INC. operating-level market identifier
PEEL HUNT CROSSING market segment-level market identifier
SAINT-PETERSBURG CURRENCY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
PLUS MARKETS GROUP operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT PARIS - MULTI-CURRENCY TRADING market segment-level market identifier
BORSA ISTANBUL - PRECIOUS METALS AND DIAMONDS MARKETS market segment-level market identifier
POSIT DARK UK market segment-level market identifier
PNGX MARKETS LIMITED operating-level market identifier
PORTAL market segment-level market identifier
POSIT DARK market segment-level market identifier
EUROPEAN ENERGY EXCHANGE - OTF GAS MARKET market segment-level market identifier
POWERNEXT operating-level market identifier
PRAGUE STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
PRIDNEPROVSK COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
PRAGUE STOCK EXCHANGE - MTF market segment-level market identifier
PACIFIC EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
EUROPEAN ENERGY EXCHANGE - REGULATED GAS MARKET market segment-level market identifier
POSIT - ASIA PACIFIC operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ OMX PSX market segment-level market identifier
LATIN AMERICAN STOCK EXCHANGE, INC. operating-level market identifier
XP INVESTMENTS UK LLP operating-level market identifier
XP INVESTMENTS US, LLC operating-level market identifier
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE - PRIVATE SECURITIES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
POWER EXCHANGE CENTRAL EUROPE operating-level market identifier
QLX market segment-level market identifier
SIX SWISS EXCHANGE - STRUCTURED PRODUCTS market segment-level market identifier
SIX SWISS EXCHANGE - ETF QOD market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE DUESSELDORF - QUOTRIX market segment-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALORES DE QUITO operating-level market identifier
RASDAQ market segment-level market identifier
RINGGIT BOND MARKET operating-level market identifier
RAIFFEISEN CENTROBANK AG operating-level market identifier
SIX REPO AG - CH REPO MARKET market segment-level market identifier
POSIT RFQ market segment-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALORES DO RIO DE JANEIRO operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ RIGA AS operating-level market identifier
RM-SYSTEM CZECH STOCK EXCHANGE - MTF market segment-level market identifier
SK RM-S (SLOVAK STOCK EXCHANGE) operating-level market identifier
RM-SYSTEM CZECH STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE COMERCIO ROSARIO operating-level market identifier
SIX REPO AG - OTC SPOT MARKET market segment-level market identifier
REGIONAL EXCHANGE CENTRE - MICEX SOUTH operating-level market identifier
MERCADO DE VALORES DE ROSARIO S.A. market segment-level market identifier
ROMANIAN POWER MARKET operating-level market identifier
PEEL HUNT RETAIL market segment-level market identifier
RTR (REUTERS-REALTIME-DATEN) operating-level market identifier
INTERNET DIRECT-ACCESS EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
JSE EQUITY DERIVATIVES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
SAMARA CURRENCY INTERBANK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SAPPORO SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SPOTLIGHT STOCK MARKET AB operating-level market identifier
SAUDI STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
JAPANNEXT - X - MARKET market segment-level market identifier
SGX BOND PRO market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE FRANKFURT WARRANTS TECHNICAL 1 market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE FRANKFURT WARRANTS TECHNICAL 2 market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE FRANKFURT WARRANTS TECHNICAL 3 market segment-level market identifier
SGX CATALIST market segment-level market identifier
SGX COMMODITIES market segment-level market identifier
SINGAPORE CENTRAL LIMIT ORDER BOOK INTERNATIONAL market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE FRANKFURT WARRANTS TECHNICAL operating-level market identifier
STOXX LIMITED - CUSTOMIZED INDICES market segment-level market identifier
SIX DIGITAL EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
SIX SWISS EXCHANGE - EBBO BOOK market segment-level market identifier
SHENZHEN STOCK EXCHANGE - SHENZHEN - HONG KONG STOCK CONNECT market segment-level market identifier
SWAPEX, LLC operating-level market identifier
SINGAPORE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
JSE COMMODITY DERIVATIVES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
ASX - TRADE24 market segment-level market identifier
SOCIETE GENERALE operating-level market identifier
SOCIETE GENERALE (LONDON BRANCH) operating-level market identifier
SHANGHAI FUTURES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SGX GLOBAL LISTING market segment-level market identifier
SANTIAGO STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SHENZHEN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SHANGHAI STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SIBERIAN EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SIBERIAN INTERBANK CURRENCY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SGX DERIVATIVES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
SIX SWISS EXCHANGE - SLS market segment-level market identifier
SHENZHEN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT BLOCK market segment-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALORES DE SAO PAULO - SOMA operating-level market identifier
BSP REGIONAL ENERGY EXCHANGE - SOUTH POOL operating-level market identifier
EURONEXT STRUCTURED PRODUCTS MTF market segment-level market identifier
SOUTH PACIFIC STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MERCADO DE FUTUROS DE ACEITE DE OLIVA, S.A. operating-level market identifier
SHANGHAI STOCK EXCHANGE - SHANGHAI - HONG KONG STOCK CONNECT market segment-level market identifier
SARAJEVO STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
HOCHIMINH STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
REPUBLICAN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BOERSE STUTTGART - TECHNICAL PLATFORM 2 market segment-level market identifier
FIDELITY CROSSSTREAM ATS market segment-level market identifier
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB operating-level market identifier
BOERSE STUTTGART - TECHNICAL PLATFORM 3 market segment-level market identifier
BOERSE STUTTGART operating-level market identifier
STOXX LIMITED - VOLATILITY INDICES market segment-level market identifier
STOXX LIMITED - INDICES market segment-level market identifier
SURABAYA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
EL SALVADOR STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ESWATINI STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SWX SWISS BLOCK operating-level market identifier
SIX SWISS EXCHANGE - SIX SWISS EXCHANGE AT MIDPOINT market segment-level market identifier
SWISS OPTIONS AND FINANIAL FUTURES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SIX SWISS EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TAISDAQ operating-level market identifier
TEL AVIV STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TAIWAN FUTURES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TAIWAN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NASDAQ TALLINN AS operating-level market identifier
TOKYO STOCK EXCHANGE-TOKYO PRO MARKET market segment-level market identifier
TALLINN STOCK EXCHANGE - REGULATED MARKET operating-level market identifier
TEHRAN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TORONTO FUTURES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TOKYO FINANCIAL EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TRADEPOINT FINANCIAL NETWORKS PLC operating-level market identifier
TIRANA STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TOKYO STOCK EXCHANGE - TOSTNET-1 market segment-level market identifier
TOKYO STOCK EXCHANGE - TOSTNET-2 market segment-level market identifier
TOKYO STOCK EXCHANGE - TOSTNET-3 market segment-level market identifier
TOYOHASHI KANKEN TORIHIKIJO (DRIED COCOON EXCHANGE) - CHUBU COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TOKYO GRAIN EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TOKYO STOCK EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
TOKYO COMMODITY EXCHANGE market segment-level market identifier
BUDAPEST STOCK EXCHANGE - XTEND market segment-level market identifier
TSX VENTURE EXCHANGE - NEX market segment-level market identifier
TORONTO OPTIONS EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP ENERGYTRADE market segment-level market identifier
INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, LLC - TOPAZ market segment-level market identifier
XTRAMARKED operating-level market identifier
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ZAGREB MONEY AND SHORT TERM SECURITIES MARKET INC operating-level market identifier
TORONTO STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
XTB S.A. operating-level market identifier
TSX VENTURE EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
NUEVA BOLSA DE COMERCIO DE TUCUMAN S.A. market segment-level market identifier
TUNIS STOCK EXCHANGE (BOURSE DE TUNIS) operating-level market identifier
TULLETT PREBON PLC operating-level market identifier
TURKISH DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
XTX DIRECT operating-level market identifier
XTX MARKETS SAS operating-level market identifier
XTX MARKETS operating-level market identifier
UKRAINIAN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
AQUIS EXCHANGE PLC - AMP - DARK ORDER BOOK operating-level market identifier
UGANDA SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
UKRAINIAN UNIVERSAL COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
MONGOLIAN STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
UBS MTF LIMITED - PERIODIC AUCTION ORDER BOOK market segment-level market identifier
UNIVERSAL BROKER'S EXCHANGE 'TASHKENT' operating-level market identifier
UNITED STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALENCIA market segment-level market identifier
VARAZDIN STOCK EXCHANGE, THE operating-level market identifier
VESTIMA operating-level market identifier
ALTERNATIVE MARKET-FIRST NORTH LITHUANIA market segment-level market identifier
WIENER BOERSE AG, WERTPAPIERBOERSE (SECURITIES EXCHANGE) market segment-level market identifier
VLADIVOSTOK (RUSSIA) STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
BOLSA DE VALORES Y PRODUCTOS DE ASUNCION SA operating-level market identifier
VP BANK AG operating-level market identifier
VANCOUVER STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
SIX SWISS EXCHANGE - BLUE CHIPS SEGMENT market segment-level market identifier
CBOE EUROPE EQUITIES - LONDON market segment-level market identifier
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/EQUITIES/MAIN MARKET operating-level market identifier
WIENER BOERSE AG operating-level market identifier
INTERCONTINENTAL EXCHANGE - ICE FUTURES CANADA market segment-level market identifier
WEEDEN ATS market segment-level market identifier
FRANKFURT CEF SC operating-level market identifier
NO MARKET (E.G. UNLISTED) operating-level market identifier
TRADEWEB AUSTRALIA operating-level market identifier
YOKOHAMA COMMODITY EXCHANGE (WRONGLY RENAMED TOKYO GRAIN EXCHANGE SEPT 2006) operating-level market identifier
ZAGREB STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
THE ZAGREB STOCK EXCHANGE MTF market segment-level market identifier
PROGRESS MARKET market segment-level market identifier
ZHENGZHOU COMMODITY EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ZIMBABWE STOCK EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
COMHAR CAPITAL MARKETS, LLC - US EQUITIES operating-level market identifier
JSE INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
ZAGREB STOCK EXCHANGE - APA facility market identifier
BULGARIAN STOCK EXCHANGE - MAIN MARKET market segment-level market identifier
ZERO HASH market segment-level market identifier
JSE CURRENCY DERIVATIVES MARKET market segment-level market identifier
ZERO HASH EUROPE operating-level market identifier
ZURCHER KANTONALBANK SECURITIES EXCHANGE operating-level market identifier
ZOBEX market segment-level market identifier
ZODIA MARKETS operating-level market identifier
the coding scheme used to define the set of markets and exchanges corresponding to the ISO 10383 Codes for exchanges and market identification (MIC) standard
ABU DHABI SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
AEX-AGRICULTURAL FUTURES EXCHANGE as service provider
AFRICAN STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
AGRICULTURAL FUTURES EXCHANGE OF THAILAND as service provider
AIM ITALIA - MERCATO ALTERNATIVO DEL CAPITALE as service provider
ALBANIA SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
ALBERTA STOCK EXCHANGE, THE as service provider
ALTERNATIVE PLATFORM FOR SPANISH SECURITIES as service provider
AMMAN STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
AMMAN STOCK EXCHANGE - NON-LISTED SECURITIES MARKET as service provider
AMSTERDAM COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
AQUA SECURITIES L.P. as service provider
AREX - AUTOMATED RECEIVABLES EXCHANGE as service provider
ARITAS FINANCIAL LTD as service provider
ARITAS SECURITIES LLC as service provider
ARIZONA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
ARMENIA SECURITIES EXCHANGE OJSC as service provider
ASIA PACIFIC EXCHANGE as service provider
AUSTRALIAN OPTIONS MARKET as service provider
AUSTRALIAN WOOL EXCHANGE as service provider
AUTILLA - BASE METALS as service provider
AUTILLA - PRECIOUS METALS as service provider
AUTOMATED EQUITY FINANCE MARKETS as service provider
BAHAMAS INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
BAKU INTERBANK CURRENCY EXCHANGE as service provider
BANGALORE STOCK EXCHANGE LTD as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH AUCTION CROSS as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH GCX as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH INSTINCT X - EUROPE as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH INSTINCT X ATS as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH OTC as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH OTC - EUROPE as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH VWAP CROSS as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA - MERRILL LYNCH VWAP CROSS - EUROPE as service provider
BARBADOS STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
BARBADOS STOCK EXCHANGE - JUNIOR MARKET as service provider
BARCLAYS CAPITAL INC. as service provider
BARCLAYS FX - TRADING as service provider
BARCLAYS LIQUID MARKETS as service provider
BATS CHI-X EUROPE LIMITED - CHI-CLEAR as service provider
BELARUS CURRENCY AND STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
BELGIAN POWER EXCHANGE as service provider
BELGRADE STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
BENDIGO STOCK EXCHANGE LIMITED as service provider
BERMUDA STOCK EXCHANGE LTD as service provider
BGC BROKERS LP - TRAYPORT as service provider
BOLSA BOLIVIANA DE VALORES S.A. as service provider
BOLSA DE CEREAIS E MERCADORIAS DE MARINGA as service provider
BOLSA DE CEREALES DE BUENOS AIRES as service provider
BOLSA DE COMERCIO CONFEDERADA S.A. as service provider
BOLSA DE COMERCIO DE BUENOS AIRES as service provider
BOLSA DE COMERCIO DE CORDOBA as service provider
BOLSA DE COMERCIO DE MENDOZA S.A. as service provider
BOLSA DE COMERCIO DE SANTA FE as service provider
BOLSA DE COMERCIO ROSARIO as service provider
BOLSA DE CORREDORES - BOLSA DE VALORES as service provider
BOLSA DE VALORES DE CARACAS as service provider
BOLSA DE VALORES DE COLOMBIA S.A. as service provider
BOLSA DE VALORES DE GUAYAQUIL as service provider
BOLSA DE VALORES DE LIMA as service provider
BOLSA DE VALORES DE MONTEVIDEO as service provider
BOLSA DE VALORES DE NICARAGUA as service provider
BOLSA DE VALORES DE QUITO as service provider
BOLSA DE VALORES DE SAO PAULO - SOMA as service provider
BOLSA DE VALORES DO PARANA as service provider
BOLSA DE VALORES DO RIO DE JANEIRO as service provider
BOLSA DE VALORES MINAS-ESPIRITO SANTO-BRASILIA as service provider
BOLSA DE VALORES NACIONAL SA as service provider
BOLSA DE VALORES Y PRODUCTOS DE ASUNCION SA as service provider
BOLSA ELECTRONICA DE VALORES DEL URUGUAY as service provider
BOLSA LATINOAMERICANA DE VALORES, S.A. as service provider
BOLSA NACIONAL DE VALORES, S.A. as service provider
BOLSA Y MERCADOS DE VALORES DE LA REPUBLICA DOMINICANA, S.A. as service provider
BOND ELECTRONIC EXCHANGE as service provider
BORSA ISTANBUL - DEBT SECURITIES MARKET as service provider
BORSA ISTANBUL - EQUITY MARKET as service provider
BORSA ISTANBUL - FUTURES AND OPTIONS MARKET as service provider
BORSA ISTANBUL - PRECIOUS METALS AND DIAMONDS MARKETS as service provider
BOTSWANA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
BOTSWANA STOCK EXCHANGE - EXCHANGE TRADED FUNDS (ETF) as service provider
BOTSWANA STOCK EXCHANGE - VENTURE CAPITAL as service provider
BOURSE AFRICA LIMITED as service provider
BOURSE REGIONALE DES VALEURS MOBILIERES as service provider
BOX OPTIONS EXCHANGE as service provider
BRAZILIAN ENERGY EXCHANGE as service provider
BROKERTEC FUTURES EXCHANGE as service provider
BSP REGIONAL ENERGY EXCHANGE - SOUTH POOL as service provider
BURGUNDY REGULATED MARKET as service provider
CADE - MERCADO DE DEUDA PUBLICA ANOTADA as service provider
CALCUTTA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
CAMBODIA SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
CANNEX FINANCIAL EXCHANGES LIMITED as service provider
CANTORCO2E.COM LIMITED as service provider
CANTOR FINANCIAL FUTURES EXCHANGE as service provider
CAPE VERDE STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
CARACAS STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
CASPY COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
CAYMAN ISLANDS STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
CENTRAL JAPAN COMMODITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
CHICAGO CLIMATE EXCHANGE, INC as service provider
CHICAGO CLIMATE FUTURES EXCHANGE as service provider
CHICAGO RICE AND COTTON EXCHANGE as service provider
CHINA STAINLESS STEEL EXCHANGE as service provider
CHINESE GOLD AND SILVER EXCHANGE SOCIETY as service provider
CHITTAGONG STOCK EXCHANGE LTD. as service provider
CHUBU COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
CITADEL SECURITIES LLC as service provider
CITIGROUP AGENCY OPTION AND EQUITIES ROUTING ENGINE as service provider
CITI MEXICO RPI (RETAIL PRICE IMPROVEMENT) as service provider
CME SWAPS MARKETS (CBOT) as service provider
CME SWAPS MARKETS (CME) as service provider
CME SWAPS MARKETS (COMEX) as service provider
CME SWAPS MARKETS (NYMEX) as service provider
CODA MARKETS - MICRO AND BLOCK as service provider
CODA MARKETS ATS DARK as service provider
COLOMBO STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
CONVERGEX EXECUTION SOLUTIONS LLC as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE AES CROSSFINDER as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE EQUITIES (JAPAN) LIMITED as service provider
CRYEX - FX AND DIGITAL CURRENCIES as service provider
DAMASCUS SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
DAR ES SALAAM STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
DELHI STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
DERIVATIVES REGULATED MARKET - BMFMS as service provider
DEUTSCHE BANK - CENTRAL RISK BOOK as service provider
DEUTSCHE BANK - CLOSE CROSS as service provider
DEUTSCHE BANK - DIRECT CAPITAL ACCESS as service provider
DEUTSCHE BANK - SUPERX EU as service provider
DEUTSCHE BANK HONG KONG ATS as service provider
DEUTSCHE BANK OFF EXCHANGE TRADING as service provider
DEUTSCHE BANK SUPER X as service provider
DHAKA STOCK EXCHANGE LTD as service provider
DOUALA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
DTB DEUTSCHE TERMINBOERSE GMBH as service provider
DUBAI FINANCIAL MARKET as service provider
DUBAI GOLD AND COMMODITIES EXCHANGE DMCC as service provider
DUTCH CARIBBEAN SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
EASTERN CARIBBEAN SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
EAST EUROPEAN STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
EBS MTF - CLOB - FOR THE TRADING OF FX PRODUCTS as service provider
ELECTRICITY DAY-AHEAD MARKET as service provider
ELECTRICITY INTRA-DAY MARKET as service provider
ENERGY EXCHANGE ISTANBUL as service provider
ESWATINI STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
ETS EURASIAN TRADING SYSTEM COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
EUREX CH SECLEND MARKET as service provider
EUREX OTC SPOT MARKET as service provider
EUROBENCHMARK TRES. BILLS as service provider
EUROMTS LINKERS MARKET as service provider
EUROPEAN CLIMATE EXCHANGE as service provider
EXOTIX CAPITAL - OTF as service provider
FIDELITY CROSSSTREAM ATS as service provider
FINANCIALCONTENT - DIGITAL ASSET TRADE REPORTING FACILITY as service provider
FINANCIALCONTENT - INDEXES as service provider
FINANCIAL INFORMATION CONTRIBUTORS EXCHANGE as service provider
FINANCIELE TERMIJNMARKET AMSTERDAM as service provider
FINEX (NEW YORK AND DUBLIN) as service provider
FINNISH OPTIONS MARKET as service provider
FUKUOKA FUTURES EXCHANGE as service provider
FUKUOKA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
FXMARKETSPACE LIMITED as service provider
GEORGIA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
GESTORE MERCATO ELETTRICO - ITALIAN POWER EXCHANGE as service provider
GHANA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
GLOBALCLEAR MERCANTILE EXCHANGE as service provider
GLOBAL COMMODITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
GLOBAL DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE as service provider
GULF MERCANTILE EXCHANGE LTD (GME) as service provider
HANOI STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
HANOI STOCK EXCHANGE - DERIVATIVES as service provider
HANOI STOCK EXCHANGE (UNLISTED PUBLIC COMPANY TRADING PLATFORM) as service provider
HIROSHIMA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
HOCHIMINH STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
HONG KONG FUTURES EXCHANGE LTD. as service provider
HSBC-X UNITED KINGDOM as service provider
ICE ENDEX OTF FUTURES as service provider
ICE FUTURES SINGAPORE as service provider
ICE FUTURES U.S. INC as service provider
INDEX AND OPTIONS MARKET as service provider
INDIAN COMMODITY EXCHANGE LTD as service provider
INDONESIA COMMODITY AND DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE as service provider
INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
INTELLIGENTCROSS ASPEN MAKER/TAKER as service provider
INTERNATIONAL MARTIME EXCHANGE as service provider
INTERNATIONAL MONETARY MARKET as service provider
INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, LLC as service provider
INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, LLC - ALTERNATIVE MARKETS as service provider
INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, LLC - EQUITIES as service provider
INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, LLC - TOPAZ as service provider
INTERNATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE SAINT-PETERSBOURG as service provider
INTERNET DIRECT-ACCESS EXCHANGE as service provider
INVESTORS EXCHANGE LLC as service provider
IRAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE as service provider
ISLAMABAD STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
ISTANBUL GOLD EXCHANGE as service provider
JAKARTA FUTURES EXCHANGE (BURSA BERJANGKA JAKARTA) as service provider
JAKARTA NEGOTIATED BOARD as service provider
JAKARTA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
JAMAICA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
JOINT-STOCK COMPANY STOCK EXCHANGE INNEX as service provider
JOINT ASIAN DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE as service provider
JSE COMMODITY DERIVATIVES MARKET as service provider
JSE EQUITY DERIVATIVES MARKET as service provider
JSE INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES MARKET as service provider
KAASUPORSSI - FINNISH GAS EXCHANGE as service provider
KANMON SHOHIN TORIHIKIJO (COMMODITY EXCHANGE) as service provider
KAZAKHSTAN STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
KHARKOV COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
KHARTOUM STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
KHOREZM INTERREGION COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
KIEV INTERNATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
KIEV UNIVERSAL EXCHANGE as service provider
KNIGHT CAPITAL MARKETS LLC as service provider
KNIGHT EQUITY MARKETS LP as service provider
KOBE GOMU TORIHIKIJO (RUBBER EXCHANGE) as service provider
KOBE KIITO TORIHIKIJO (RAW SILK EXCHANGE) as service provider
KOREA ECN SECURITIES CO. LTD (ATS) as service provider
KOREA EXCHANGE COMMODITY MARKET as service provider
KOREA EXCHANGE EMISSIONS MARKET as service provider
KOREA FREEBOARD MARKET as service provider
KOREA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
KYOTO STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
KYRGYZ STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
BRATISLAVA STOCK EXCHANGE - MTF as service provider
BRATISLAVA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
SK RM-S (SLOVAK STOCK EXCHANGE) as service provider
DEKABANK DEUTSCHE GIROZENTRALE as service provider
ZURCHER KANTONALBANK - EKMU-X as service provider
ZURCHER KANTONALBANK SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
MACQUARIE BANK INTERNATIONAL LIMITED as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE CLOSEX as service provider
CREDIT AGRICOLE CORPORATE AND INVESTMENT BANK as service provider
KYTE BROKING LIMITED as service provider
SUN TRADING INTERNATIONAL as service provider
TRADEWEB EUROPE LIMITED - GLOBAL TRADING PLATFORM as service provider
TRADEWEB EUROPE LIMITED - HONG KONG as service provider
TRADEWEB EUROPE LIMITED - SINGAPORE as service provider
TRADEWEB EUROPE LIMITED as service provider
BROKERTEC EUROPE LIMITED - ALL MARKETS as service provider
BROKERTEC EUROPE LIMITED - RFQ TRADING PROTOCOL as service provider
BROKERTEC EUROPE LIMITED as service provider
ICAP HYDE TANKER DERIVATIVES LIMITED as service provider
MITSUBISHI UFJ INVESTOR SERVICES AND BANKING as service provider
LIQUIDNET CANADA ATS as service provider
EURONEXT - EURONEXT LONDON as service provider
EURONEXT - TRADING FACILITY LONDON as service provider
HELLENIC ENERGY EXCHANGE S.A. as service provider
BOLSA DE DIVIDA E VALORES DE ANGOLA - SOCIEDADE GESTORA DE MERCADOS REGULAMENTADOS, S.A. as service provider
TRADING 212 MARKETS LIMITED as service provider
HPC INVESTMENT SERVICES LIMITED as service provider
ICE BENCHMARK ADMINISTRATION as service provider
SCOTTISH STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
THE PROPERTY INVESTMENT MARKET as service provider
TRUMID FINANCIAL UK LIMITED as service provider
EBS MTF - FX PRODUCTS - RFQ SEGMENT as service provider
EBS MTF - RESET SEGMENT as service provider
EBS MTF - RFQ - FOR ASSET MANAGERS TRADING FX PRODUCTS as service provider
EBS MTF - RFQ - FOR CORPORATES TRADING FX PRODUCTS as service provider
EBS MTF - RFQ - FOR THE TRADING OF FX PRODUCTS as service provider
EBS MTF - RFQ - FX PRODUCTS FOR ASSET MANAGERS as service provider
ABG SUNDAL COLLIER ASA as service provider
GEMMA (GILT EDGED MARKET MAKERSASSOCIATION) as service provider
LIQUIDNET EU LIMITED EQUITY MTF as service provider
LIQUIDNET EU LIMITED FIXED INCOME MTF as service provider
ICAP MTF - COMMODITIES as service provider
ICAP MTF - CREDIT DERIVATIVES as service provider
CREDIT FINANCIER INVEST (CFI) LTD as service provider
TRADING 212 UK LIMITED as service provider
EMERGING MARKETS BOND EXCHANGE LIMITED as service provider
TURQUOISE GLOBAL HOLDINGS LTD as service provider
LIQUIDNET, INC. FIXED INCOME ATS as service provider
LIQUIDNET, INC. H2O ATS as service provider
CAPI - APPROVED PUBLICATION ARRANGEMENT as service provider
THE INTERNATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
VIRTUAL AUCTION GLOBAL LIMITED as service provider
VANTAGE CAPITAL MARKETS LLP as service provider
LLOYDS BANK CORPORATE MARKETS WERTPAPIERHANDELSBANK GMBH as service provider
TOWER RESEARCH CAPITAL EUROPE as service provider
OTCX TRADING LIMITED UK as service provider
CLSA PHILIPPINES - DARK as service provider
INSTINET GERMANY GMBH as service provider
GLOBAL FUTURES AND OPTIONS LTD as service provider
CENTRAL BANK OF MUCHBE (SARB) as service provider
AQUIS STOCK EXCHANGE LIMITED as service provider
KING AND SHAXSON LIMITED as service provider
UNION BANK OF INDIA UK LTD as service provider
CLSA AUSTRALIA PTY LTD as service provider
BNY MELLON MARKETS EUROPE LIMITED as service provider
ASIA DIGITAL EXCHANGE PTE. LTD as service provider
EQUILEND EUROPE LIMITED - SWAPS as service provider
EQUILEND EUROPE LIMITED as service provider
STIFEL NICOLAUS EUROPE LIMITED as service provider
ICAP GLOBAL DERIVATIVES LIMITED as service provider
ASIA DIGITAL DERIVATIVES PTE. LTD. as service provider
MTS ASSOCIATED MARKETS as service provider
SEEDRS - SECONDARY MARKET as service provider
ICAP ENERGY LTD OTF - EUROPEAN COMMODITIES AND ENERGY DERIVATIVES as service provider
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE PLC as service provider
BRAEMAR SECURITIES ESPANA SA as service provider
TOWER RESEARCH CAPITAL TRCX as service provider
PLATFORM SECURITIES LLP as service provider
VIRTU EUROPE TRADING LIMITED as service provider
FREIGHT INVESTOR SERVICES LIMITED as service provider
ENTERPRISE COMMODITY SERVICES LIMITED as service provider
MIZUHO SECURITIES EUROPE as service provider
ETORO (EUROPE) LIMITED as service provider
VIRTUAL AUCTION GLOBAL MARKETS - MTF as service provider
MIZUHO INTERNATIONAL PLC as service provider
JUMP TRADING INTERNATIONAL LIMITED as service provider
ATHENS EXCHANGE EUAS MARKET as service provider
AQUIS EXCHANGE LIMITED as service provider
ASIA DIGITAL ASSET EXCHANGE PTE. LTD. as service provider
XTX EXECUTION SERVICES LLC as service provider
LOUIS CAPITAL MARKETS UK LLP as service provider
ICAP SINGAPORE PTE LTD as service provider
BALTIC EXCHANGE LIMITED(THE) as service provider
BOURSE DES VALEURS ABIDJAN as service provider
CME EUROPE - DERIVATIVES as service provider
CLSA AMERICAS - LIQUIDITY HUB as service provider
CONTINENTAL CAPITAL MARKETS LIMITED - OTF as service provider
LLOYDS BANK CORPORATE MARKETS as service provider
EQUILEND CANADA CORP. as service provider
INSTINET EUROPE LIMITED OTC as service provider
INSTINET EUROPE LIMITED as service provider
JOHANNESBURG STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
JSE ALTERNATE EXCHANGE as service provider
JSE BOND ELECTRONIC TRADING PLATFORM as service provider
JSE CASH BOND MARKET as service provider
JSE CURRENCY DERIVATIVES MARKET as service provider
ICAP SECURITIES AND DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE LIMITED as service provider
ICAP SECURITIES OTF - BUTLER FX DERIVATIVES as service provider
GPB-FINANCIAL SERVICES LTD as service provider
MARKETAXESS POST-TRADE LIMITED as service provider
MTS INTERDEALER SWAPS MARKET UK as service provider
SWISSCANTO FUNDS CENTRE LIMITED as service provider
CLSA HONG KONG - DARK as service provider
PT LSEG TRANSACTION SERVICES INDONESIA as service provider
CONTINENTAL CAPITAL MARKETS S.A. as service provider
OB GROUP ENERGY LIMITED as service provider
HUDSON RIVER TRADING - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
BRYAN GARNIER AND CO LIMITED as service provider
LOUIS CAPITAL MARKETS EU as service provider
TULLETT PREBON EU OTF as service provider
SSY FUTURES LTD - FREIGHT SCREEN as service provider
LONDON HOUSE EXCHANGE LIMITED as service provider
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - BID-OFFER CROSSING as service provider
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - CLOSING PRICE as service provider
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - DIRECT CAPITAL ACCESS as service provider
SOVA CAPITAL LIMITED as service provider
TRUMID FINANCIAL EU LIMITED as service provider
BROKERTEC AMERICAS LLC - RFQ PLATFORM as service provider
BROKERTEC AMERICAS LLC as service provider
CYPRUS STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
TRADEWEB JAPAN KK - ETP as service provider
TRADEWEB JAPAN KK - PTS as service provider
LAN AND SPAR BANK A/S as service provider
TEL AVIV STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
EVOLUTION MARKETS LIMITED as service provider
EBS SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED as service provider
ACCX GROUP (UK) LIMITED as service provider
HONG KONG EXCHANGES AND CLEARING LTD as service provider
HONG KONG GROWTH ENTERPRISES MARKET as service provider
HONG KONG MERCANTILE EXCHANGE as service provider
STOCK EXCHANGE OF HONG KONG LIMITED - SHANGHAI - HONG KONG STOCK CONNECT as service provider
STOCK EXCHANGE OF HONG KONG LIMITED - SHENZHEN - HONG KONG STOCK CONNECT as service provider
TURQUOISE GLOBAL HOLDINGS EUROPE BV as service provider
LIQUIDNET EUROPE LIMITED as service provider
MITSUBISHI UFJ TRUST INTERNATIONAL LIMITED as service provider
BOURSE DE LUXEMBOURG as service provider
MOSCOW EXCHANGE - ALL MARKETS as service provider
MOSCOW EXCHANGE - DERIVATIVES MARKET as service provider
CENTRAL COUNTERPARTY CLEARING CENTER MFB - JOINT-STOCK COMPANY as service provider
NON-PROFIT PARTNERSHIP FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF FINANCIAL MARKET RTS as service provider
JOIN-STOCK COMPANY EXCHANGE SAINT-PETERSBURG as service provider
PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY SPB EXCHANGE as service provider
BITSTAMP GLOBAL LIMITED as service provider
CROSSX TECHNOLOGIES LTD as service provider
BURSA DE VALORI BUCURESTI SA as service provider
OPENYIELD TRADING LLC as service provider
BOSTON SECURITY TOKEN EXCHANGE LLC as service provider
CBOE EUROPE - BXE DARK ORDER BOOK (NL) as service provider
CBOE EUROPE - BXE OFF-BOOK (NL) as service provider
CBOE EUROPE - BXE ORDER BOOKS (NL) as service provider
CBOE EUROPE - CXE ORDER BOOKS (NL) as service provider
AMERICANOS ROYALE DIVINE INTERNATIONAL TRUST as service provider
BLOOMBERG DATA REPORTING SERVICES B.V. - APA as service provider
ONECHRONOS MARKETS FX LLC as service provider
BLOOMBERG DATA REPORTING SERVICES LIMITED as service provider
MULTI COMMODITY EXCHANGE OF INDIA LTD. as service provider
MERJ EXCHANGE LIMITED as service provider
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET DARK BOOK as service provider
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET INTEGRATED BOOK as service provider
CBOE EUROPE - REGULATED MARKET OFF BOOK as service provider
CBOE EUROPE REGULATED MARKETS as service provider
FINANCIAL INDUSTRY REGULATORY AUTHORITY, INC. as service provider
PAYWARD MENA HOLDINGS LTD. as service provider
CLEARTOKEN DEPOSITORY LTD as service provider
BLOOMBERG TRADEBOOK SINGAPORE PTE LTD as service provider
CARTA CAPITAL MARKETS, LLC as service provider
THE GIBRALTAR STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
RESURETY MARKETS LLC as service provider
ATHLOS CAPITAL INVESTMENT SERVICES LTD as service provider
ONECHRONOS MARKETS UK LIMITED as service provider
ASTANA INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE LTD as service provider
ONECHRONOS MARKETS LLC as service provider
NEST SERVICES LIMITED as service provider
ONECHRONOS MARKETS NL B.V. as service provider
OTC MARKETS GROUP INC. as service provider
OCTAURA SECURITIES TRADINGCO LLC as service provider
BANJA LUKA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
TRADING 212 MARKETS (IRELAND) LIMITED as service provider
OCTAURA LL TRADINGCO LLC as service provider
CASABLANCA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
BLOOMBERG TRADING FACILITY B.V. as service provider
TEXAS STOCK EXCHANGE LLC as service provider
CLEARTOKEN CCP LIMITED as service provider
STOCK EXCHANGE OF THAILAND - FOREIGN BOARD as service provider
STOCK EXCHANGE OF THAILAND as service provider
INTELLIGENT CROSS LLC as service provider
INTELLIGENTCROSS ASPEN INTELLIGENT BID/OFFER as service provider
INTELLIGENTCROSS ASPEN INVERTED as service provider
ARTEX GLOBAL MARKETS AG as service provider
BITSTAMP ASIA PTE. LTD. as service provider
LUMINEX TRADING AND ANALYTICS LLC - ATS as service provider
LUMINEX TRADING AND ANALYTICS LLC as service provider
CAPITOLIS UK LIMITED as service provider
PAYWARD GLOBAL TRADING PTE LTD as service provider
GALLARDO SECURITIES LIMITED as service provider
POLISH POWER EXCHANGE as service provider
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/COMMODITIES/POLISH POWER EXCHANGE/ENERGY MARKET as service provider
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/COMMODITIES/POLISH POWER EXCHANGE/GAS as service provider
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/COMMODITIES/POLISH POWER EXCHANGE/SPOT as service provider
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/POLISH POWER EXCHANGE/REGULATED MARKET as service provider
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE - OTHER THAN XOFF OR XXXX as service provider
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE - SPO BOOK BUILDING as service provider
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/ BONDS/CATALYST/MAIN MARKET as service provider
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/ ETPS as service provider
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/BONDS/CATALYST/LISTING as service provider
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/EQUITIES/MAIN MARKET as service provider
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES as service provider
ROMANIAN COMMODITIES EXCHANGE S.A. as service provider
MICHAEL/STROM DOM MAKLERSKI SPOLKA AKCYJNA as service provider
CREDIT AGRICOLE BANK POLSKA S.A. as service provider
BANK ZACHODNI WBK S.A. as service provider
NOBLE SECURITIES S.A. as service provider
PARKER POLAND SP. Z O.O. as service provider
POLISH TRADING POINT S.A. as service provider
QATAR STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
BARCLAYS BANK IRELAND PLC - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
BARCLAYS BANK IRELAND PLC as service provider
CANADIAN IMPERIAL BANK OF COMMERCE as service provider
IMMH - INTESA SANPAOLO as service provider
SHANGHAI INTERNATIONAL ENERGY EXCHANGE as service provider
SHANGHAI GOLD EXCHANGE as service provider
DALIAN COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
ZHENGZHOU COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
CHINA FINANCIAL FUTURES EXCHANGE as service provider
CHINA FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRADE SYSTEM - SHANGHAI - HONG KONG BOND CONNECT as service provider
CHINA FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRADE SYSTEM as service provider
SHANGHAI STOCK EXCHANGE - SHANGHAI - HONG KONG STOCK CONNECT as service provider
SHANGHAI STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
SHANGHAI FUTURES EXCHANGE as service provider
42 FINANCIAL SERVICES A.S. as service provider
POWER EXCHANGE CENTRAL EUROPE as service provider
WIENER BOERSE AG, CEGH GAS EXCHANGE as service provider
PRAGUE STOCK EXCHANGE - START (MTF) as service provider
PRAGUE STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
RM-SYSTEM CZECH STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
RM-SYSTEM, CESKA BURZA CENNYCH PAPIRU A.S. as service provider
POWER EXCHANGE INDIA LTD. as service provider
METROPOLITAN STOCK EXCHANGE OF INDIA LIMITED as service provider
ACE DERIVATIVES AND COMMODITY EXCHANGE LTD as service provider
NATIONAL COMMODITY AND DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE LTD as service provider
CLEARCORP DEALING SYSTEMS (INDIA) LIMITED as service provider
INTER-CONNECTED STOCK EXCHANGE OF INDIA LTD as service provider
NATIONAL MULTI-COMMODITY EXCHANGE OF INDIA as service provider
NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE OF INDIA as service provider
REFINITIV INDIA TRANSACTION SERVICES PRIVATE LIMITED as service provider
INDIA INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE (IFSC) LIMITED as service provider
TOKYO STOCK EXCHANGE, INC. as service provider
OSAKA DIGITAL EXCHANGE CO.,LTD. as service provider
JAPAN EXCHANGE GROUP, INC. as service provider
JASDAQ TACHIAIGAI (OFF-FLOOR MARKET) as service provider
JAPAN ALTERNATIVE MARKET CO,. LTD. as service provider
UEDA TRADITION SECURITIES LTD. as service provider
TOKYO COMMODITY EXCHANGE, INC. as service provider
CTSE NOMINEES (PTY) LTD as service provider
THE CAPE TOWN STOCK EXCHANGE PROPRIETARY LIMITED as service provider
BOERSE BERLIN EQUIDUCT TRADING - FREIVERKEHR as service provider
BOERSE BERLIN EQUIDUCT TRADING - OTC as service provider
BOERSE BERLIN EQUIDUCT TRADING - REGULIERTER MARKT as service provider
BOERSE BERLIN EQUIDUCT TRADING as service provider
BOERSE FRANKFURT - REGULIERTER MARKT as service provider
FRANKFURTER WERTPAPIERBOERSE as service provider
FRANKFURTER WERTPAPIERBORSE as service provider
XETRA - REGULIERTER MARKT as service provider
SCALABLE CAPITAL GMBH as service provider
BAYERISCHE BOERSE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT as service provider
BOERSE MUENCHEN - FREIVERKHER - PLUS - EUROPE as service provider
BOERSE MUENCHEN - GETTEX - REGULIERTER MARKT as service provider
BOERSE MUENCHEN - REGULIERTER MARKT as service provider
GREENMARKET EXCHANGE as service provider
HSBC BANK POLSKA S.A. as service provider
BOURSE DES VALEURS MOBILIERES DE TUNIS as service provider
BITSTAMP FINANCIAL SERVICES LTD as service provider
INDEPENDENT BULGARIAN ENERGY EXCHANGE as service provider
B3 S.A. - BRASIL BOLSA BALCAO as service provider
BOLSA BRASILIERA DE FUTUROS as service provider
BOLSA DE MERCADORIAS E FUTUROS as service provider
BOLSA DE VALORES DE SAO PAULO as service provider
MORGAN STANLEY AND CO. INTERNATIONAL PLC - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
MORGAN STANLEY AND CO. INTERNATIONAL PLC as service provider
BERNER KANTONALBANK OTC-X as service provider
INTERACTIVE BROKERS LLC as service provider
LANG AND SCHWARZ TRADE CENTER as service provider
OMICLEAR, C.C., S.A. as service provider
HUNGARIAN POWER EXCHANGE as service provider
BREMER WERTPAPIERBOERSE as service provider
360T ASIA PACIFIC PTE. LTD. as service provider
SALZBURGER LANDES-HYPOTHEKENBANK as service provider
CONCORDE SECURITIES LTD. as service provider
TRADEGATE AG WERTPAPIERHANDELSBANK as service provider
UBS EUROPE SE - TRADING as service provider
OLDENBURGISCHE LANDESBANK AG FX HANDEL as service provider
CESKOSLOVENSKA OBCHODNA BANKA, A.S. as service provider
EUROPEAN WHOLESALE SECURITIES MARKET as service provider
MALTA STOCK EXCHANGE PLC as service provider
TRADE REPUBLIC BANK GMBH as service provider
BADEN-WURTTEMBERGISCHE WERTPAPIERBOERSE GMBH as service provider
BOERSE STUTTGART DIGITAL EXCHANGE GMBH as service provider
BOERSE STUTTGART GMBH as service provider
ENERGIEFINANZ TRADING PLATFORM as service provider
CARNEGIE INVESTMENT BANK AB as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE (DEUTSCHLAND) AG as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT as service provider
DEUTSCHE BANK LUXEMBOURG S.A. as service provider
DEUTSCHE BOERSE AG, FRANKFURT AM MAIN as service provider
XETRA - REGULIERTERMARKT - OFF-BOOK as service provider
XETRA INTERNATIONAL MARKET - OPEN MARKET as service provider
XETRA INTERNATIONAL MARKET - REGULATED MARKET as service provider
XETRA INTERNATIONAL MARKET as service provider
DEUTSCHE HOLDINGS (LUXEMBOURG) S.A R.L. as service provider
VONTOBEL LIQUIDITY EXTENDER as service provider
NOMISMA (LIECHTENSTEIN) AG as service provider
MARKETAXESS SINGAPORE PTE LIMITED as service provider
MARKETAXESS SINGAPORE PTE. LIMITED as service provider
SIX CORPORATE BONDS AG as service provider
SIX SWISS EXCHANGE AG as service provider
BOEAG BOERSEN AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT as service provider
TRADEGATE EXCHANGE GMBH as service provider
EUROPEAN ENERGY EXCHANGE AG as service provider
SPAREKASSEN KRONJYLLAND as service provider
EUREX CLEARING ASIA PTE. LTD. as service provider
EUREX EXCHANGE ASIA PTE. LTD. as service provider
EURONEXT LISBON - SOCIEDADE GESTORA DE MERCADOS REGULAMENTADOS S.A. as service provider
BANK VONTOBEL EUROPE AG as service provider
EUREX CLEARING AG - SME as service provider
RAIFFEISENVERBAND SALZBURG EGEN as service provider
RAIFFEISEN CENTROBANK AG as service provider
EUROPEAN COMMODITY CLEARING AG as service provider
STIFEL EUROPE BANK AG as service provider
CIMD S.V. S.A. - OTF FOR BONDS as service provider
CIMD S.V. S.A. - OTF FOR DERIVATIVES as service provider
CIMD S.V. S.A. - OTF FOR ENERGY DERIVATIVES as service provider
CIMD S.V. S.A. - OTF as service provider
360 TRADING NETWORKS UK LIMITED as service provider
LIECHTENSTEINISCHE LANDESBANK (OSTERREICH) AG as service provider
OMIP - POLO PORTUGUES, S.G.M.R., S.A. as service provider
CENTRAL EASTERN EUROPEAN GAS EXCHANGE LTD as service provider
BOERSE FRANKFURT WARRANTS TECHNICAL 1 as service provider
BOERSE FRANKFURT WARRANTS TECHNICAL 2 as service provider
BOERSE FRANKFURT WARRANTS TECHNICAL 3 as service provider
BOERSE FRANKFURT WARRANTS TECHNICAL as service provider
LIECHTENSTEINISCHE LANDESBANK AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT as service provider
360 TREASURY SYSTEMS AG as service provider
EUREX REPO - HQLA MARKET as service provider
EUREX REPO SECLEND MARKET as service provider
HUNGARIAN DERIVATIVE ENERGY EXCHANGE as service provider
CBOE BYX U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE DARK as service provider
CBOE BYX U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
CBOE BZX OPTIONS EXCHANGE as service provider
CBOE BZX U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE DARK as service provider
CBOE BZX U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
CBOE C2 OPTIONS EXCHANGE as service provider
CBOE DIGITAL EXCHANGE, LLC as service provider
CBOE EDGA U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE DARK as service provider
CBOE EDGA U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
CBOE EDGX OPTIONS EXCHANGE as service provider
CBOE EDGX U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE DARK as service provider
CBOE EDGX U.S. EQUITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
CBOE FUTURES EXCHANGE as service provider
CBOE GLOBAL MARKETS INC. as service provider
CBOE GLOBAL MARKETS, INC. as service provider
CBOE OPTIONS EXCHANGE as service provider
ELECTRONIC SECONDARY SECURITIES MARKET (HDAT) as service provider
BERENBERG FIXED INCOME UK as service provider
BERENBERG FIXED INCOME as service provider
VWD TRANSACTIONSOLUTIONS AG as service provider
CBOE FIXED INCOME MARKETS, LLC as service provider
ICE MARKETS AGRICULTURE as service provider
ICE MARKETS FOREIGN EXCHANGE as service provider
INTERCONTINENTAL EXCHANGE as service provider
INTERCONTINENTAL EXCHANGE, INC. as service provider
TRADEWEB MARKETS LLC as service provider
NATIONAL AUSTRALIA BANK EUROPE S.A. as service provider
BANCO BILBAO VIZCAYA ARGENTARIA SOCIEDAD ANONIMA as service provider
BANK POLSKA KASA OPIEKI S.A. as service provider
TRADITION SINGAPORE PTE. LTD. as service provider
INTERACTIVE BROKERS IRELAND LIMITED as service provider
ALLIANCEBERNSTEIN LIMITED as service provider
CARGILL AUSTRALIA LIMITED as service provider
POSIT - ASIA PACIFIC as service provider
VIRTU FINANCIAL CAPITAL MARKETS LLC as service provider
RAIFFEISEN BANK (HUNGARY) as service provider
MERCHBOLSA AGENCIA DE VALORES, S.A. as service provider
CROSSFINDER HONG KONG as service provider
RBC INVESTOR SERVICES TRUST - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
RBC INVESTOR SERVICES TRUST as service provider
JANE STREET EXECUTION SERVICES LLC as service provider
NASDAQ FUTURES, INC. as service provider
MARKETAXESS CORPORATION MID-X TRADING SYSTEM as service provider
MARKETAXESS CORPORATION SINGLE-NAME CDS CENTRAL LIMIT ORDER as service provider
MARKETAXESS SEF CORPORATION as service provider
NOMURA FINANCIAL PRODUCTS EUROPE GMBH as service provider
SPOTLIGHT STOCK MARKET AB as service provider
XP INVESTMENTS UK LLP as service provider
MEXDER, MERCADO MEXICANO DE DERIVADOS, S.A. DE C.V. as service provider
COMHAR CAPITAL MARKETS, LLC - US EQUITIES as service provider
COMHAR CAPITAL MARKETS, LLC as service provider
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS EUROPE AG - LONDON BRANCH as service provider
JEFFERIES EUROPE - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
ICE FUTURES U.S. ENERGY DIVISION as service provider
REFINITIV TRANSACTION SERVICES PTE. LTD as service provider
ARRACO GLOBAL MARKETS LTD as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE SECURITIES (USA) LLC as service provider
MUFG SECURITIES (EUROPE) N.V - as service provider
BANK OF CHINA LIMITED as service provider
MORGAN STANLEY EUROPE SE as service provider
GFI AUSTRALIA PTY LTD as service provider
BGC SHOKEN KAISHA LTD as service provider
THAILAND FUTURES EXCHANGE PUBLIC COMPANY LIMITED as service provider
ZODIA MARKETS HOLDINGS LIMITED as service provider
BANCO SANTANDER S.A. as service provider
TRADITION FINANCIAL SERVICES ESPANA SOCIEDAD DE VALORES SA as service provider
360 TRADING NETWORKS INC. as service provider
MIZUHO INTERNAL CROSSING as service provider
ICE ENDEX UK OCM GAS SPOT as service provider
HWH ENERGIMEGLING AS as service provider
BELGIAN FUTURES AND OPTIONS EXCHANGE as service provider
EURONEXT - EASY NEXT as service provider
EURONEXT - EURONEXT BRUSSELS - DERIVATIVES as service provider
EURONEXT - EURONEXT BRUSSELS as service provider
SMBC NIKKO CAPITAL MARKETS EUROPE GMBH as service provider
BROKERCREDITSERVICE (CYPRUS) LIMITED as service provider
NEW YORK MERCANTILE EXCHANGE, INC. as service provider
BRD - GROUPE SOCIETE GENERALE S.A. - LIQUIDITY PROVIDER as service provider
BRD - GROUPE SOCIETE GENERALE S.A. - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
BRD - GROUPE SOCIETE GENERALE S.A. as service provider
DCX (DERIVATIVES CURRENCY EXCHANGE) as service provider
TOWER RESEARCH CAPITAL EUROPE LIMITED as service provider
BUDAPEST COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
BUDAPEST STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
BUDAPESTI ERTEKTOZSDE NYILVANOSAN MUKODO RESZVENYTARSASAG as service provider
TFS VOLBROKER LIMITED as service provider
ZERO HASH LIQUIDITY SERVICES LLC as service provider
ADVISE TECHNOLOGIES - APA TRANSPARENCY REPORTING as service provider
JANE STREET NETHERLANDS B.V. as service provider
WELLS FARGO SECURITIES EUROPE as service provider
KUWAIT STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
MACQUARIE AUSTRALIA BLOCK CROSSING as service provider
MACQUARIE INTERNAL MARKETS (AUSTRALIA) as service provider
TP ICAP BROKING LIMITED as service provider
TULLETT PREBON - INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES - LIQUIDITY CHAIN - OTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT as service provider
TULLETT PREBON - INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES - MIREXA - OTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT as service provider
TULLETT PREBON - INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES - MIREXA - OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS as service provider
TULLETT PREBON - INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES - OTF as service provider
TULLETT PREBON - INSTITUTIONAL SERVICES - TPSYNREX - OTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT as service provider
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - FRANKFURT - OTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT as service provider
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - FRANKFURT - OTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS - EX GILTS as service provider
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - FRANKFURT - OTF as service provider
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT as service provider
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF - CREDIT DERIVATIVES as service provider
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS - UK GILTS as service provider
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF - GOVERNMENT BONDS EXCLUDING UK GILTS as service provider
TULLETT PREBON SECURITIES - MTF - MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS as service provider
BGC PARTNERS (SINGAPORE) LIMITED as service provider
FLOW TRADERS B.V. BONDS as service provider
AKTIESELSKABET ARBEJDERNES LANDSBANK as service provider
BOURSE DE BEYROUTH - BEIRUT STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
NATIONAL BANK FINANCIAL INC. as service provider
CLEAR MARKETS NORTH AMERICA, INC. as service provider
MONTREAL EXCHANGE THE / BOURSE DE MONTREAL as service provider
THE MONTREAL EXCHANGE / BOURSE DE MONTREAL as service provider
MACQUARIE BANK EUROPE DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY as service provider
TWO SIGMA SECURITIES, LLC as service provider
BAHRAIN FINANCING COMPANY B.S.C as service provider
EL SALVADOR STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
EG MARKET TECHNOLOGIES as service provider
TRADITION ASIA LIMITED as service provider
REVOLUT DIGITAL ASSETS EUROPE LTD as service provider
BGC PARTNERS (AUSTRALIA) PTY LTD as service provider
CHICAGO BOARD OF TRADE (FLOOR) as service provider
CHICAGO BOARD OF TRADE as service provider
KANSAS CITY BOARD OF TRADE as service provider
GRIFFIN MARKETS LIMITED as service provider
SG AMERICAS SECURITIES, LLC as service provider
BOFA SECURITIES EUROPE SA as service provider
SINGAPORE MERCANTILE EXCHANGE PTE LTD as service provider
FENICS - US TREASURIES as service provider
ABG SUNDAL COLLIER AB as service provider
MAREX SPECTRON INTERNATIONAL LIMITED as service provider
ABIDE FINANCIAL DRSP LIMITED as service provider
PIPER SANDLER AND CO. as service provider
ATHENS EXCHANGE - APA as service provider
HELLENIC EXCHANGES-ATHENS STOCK EXCHANGE S.A. as service provider
BANK PICTET & CIE (EUROPE) AG as service provider
MACQUARIE CAPITAL EUROPE LIMITED as service provider
STATE STREET GLOBALLINK IRELAND LIMITED as service provider
SKB BANKA D.D. LJUBLJANA as service provider
XP INVESTMENTS US, LLC as service provider
JUMP TRADING EUROPE B.V. as service provider
SMBC NIKKO SECURITIES INC. as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE SECURITIES (HONG KONG) LIMITED as service provider
ICE FUTURES ABU DHABI as service provider
SGX DERIVATIVES TRADING LIMITED (SGX-DT) as service provider
SINGAPORE EXCHANGE LIMITED as service provider
MAKOR SECURITIES LONDON LTD as service provider
ICE ENDEX EUROPEAN GAS SPOT as service provider
RBC INVESTOR SERVICES BANK S.A. - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
RBC INVESTOR SERVICES BANK S.A. as service provider
CITADEL CONNECT EUROPE - EU as service provider
CITADEL SECURITIES FI - EUROPE as service provider
TAIWAN FUTURES EXCHANGE as service provider
TULLETT PREBON (SINGAPORE) LIMITED as service provider
VSEOBECNA UVEROVA BANKA, AS as service provider
CROSSFINDER AUSTRALIA as service provider
PUMA CAPITAL, LLC - OPTIONS as service provider
ALTERNATIVE MARKET-FIRST NORTH LITHUANIA as service provider
NASDAQ COPENHAGEN A/S as service provider
FIDELITY CROSSSTREAM as service provider
NATIONAL FINANCIAL SERVICES, LLC as service provider
FLOW TRADERS U.S LLC as service provider
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - APA SERVICE as service provider
NASDAQ STOCKHOLM AB - COMMODITIES as service provider
SINGAPORE EXCHANGE BOND TRADING PTE. LTD. as service provider
MAREX SPECTRON EUROPE LIMITED as service provider
FINECOBANK BANCA FINECO S.P.A. as service provider
BAXTER FINANCIAL SERVICES as service provider
NASDAQ MIDPOINT-ELO (M-ELO) as service provider
RBC CAPITAL MARKETS LLC as service provider
EURONEXT MARKETS SINGAPORE PTE. LTD. as service provider
STONEX FINANCIAL INC. as service provider
CLEAR MARKETS JAPAN, INC. as service provider
INSTINET BLOCKCROSS ATS as service provider
BRAEMAR SECURITIES LTD as service provider
BTL OTC BILAT COMMODITY DERIVATIVES as service provider
MACQUARIE BANK LIMITED, LONDON BRANCH as service provider
AUTOMATED TRADING DESK FINANCIAL SERVICES, LLC as service provider
TP ICAP E AND C LIMITED as service provider
TP ICAP E. AND C. LIMITED as service provider
TULLETT PREBON (EUROPE) LIMITED as service provider
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - MADRID - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT as service provider
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - MADRID - GOVERNMENT BONDS - EXCLUDING GILTS as service provider
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - MADRID as service provider
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - CORPORATE BONDS AND SECURITISED DEBT as service provider
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - FX DERIVATIVES as service provider
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - GOVERNMENT BONDS - EXCLUDING GILTS as service provider
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES as service provider
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS as service provider
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS - REPOS as service provider
TULLETT PREBON EUROPE - OTF - PARIS as service provider
TULLETT PREBON PLC - PREBON CDS as service provider
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP CREDITDEAL as service provider
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP ENERGY as service provider
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP ENERGYTRADE as service provider
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP EQUITYTRADE as service provider
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP FORWARDDEAL as service provider
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP REPO as service provider
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP SPOTDEAL as service provider
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP SWAPDEAL as service provider
TULLETT PREBON PLC - TP TRADEBLADE as service provider
G1 EXECUTION SERVICES as service provider
NATURAL GAS EXCHANGE as service provider
TAIWAN STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
GOLDMAN SACHS (ASIA) L.L.C. as service provider
CBOE FX MARKETS, LLC as service provider
MORGAN STANLEY MUFG SECURITIES CO., LTD as service provider
INTERACTIVE BROKERS CORP as service provider
ICE BONDS SECURITIES CORPORATION as service provider
WEEDEN AND CO MARKETS as service provider
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL BANK as service provider
BLOOMBERG TRADEBOOK LLC as service provider
ACS EXECUTION SERVICES, LLC as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE EQUITIES (AUSTRALIA) LIMITED as service provider
KRAKEN DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE INC. as service provider
SMALL EXCHANGE, INC - DESIGNATED CONTRACT MARKET as service provider
DRIVEWEALTH INSTITUTIONAL LLC as service provider
STX FIXED INCOME B.V. as service provider
ZERO HASH HOLDINGS LTD. as service provider
MADRAS STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
TRADEWEB AUSTRALIA PTY LTD as service provider
INTERCONTINENTAL EXCHANGE - ICE FUTURES CANADA as service provider
VIRTU CLIENT MARKET MAKING as service provider
VIRTU MATCHIT - CONDITIONAL ROOM as service provider
VIRTU MATCHIT - MAIN CROSSING SESSION as service provider
RAIFFEISEN BANK S.A. as service provider
BANCA TRANSILVANIA S.A. as service provider
MIAX FUTURES EXCHANGE, LLC as service provider
INSTINET PACIFIC LTD as service provider
BGC DERIVATIVE MARKETS, L.P. as service provider
BLOOMBERG TRADING FACILITY LIMITED as service provider
NORDIC GROWTH MARKET NGM AKTIEBOLAG as service provider
MALAYSIA DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE BHD as service provider
CRYPTO FACILITIES LTD as service provider
CLEAR MARKETS EUROPE LIMITED as service provider
FOREX CAPITAL MARKETS LIMITED as service provider
ERSTE BEFEKTETESI ZRT as service provider
MACQUARIE CAPITAL (IRELAND) DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY as service provider
REFINITIV TRANSACTION SERVICES LIMITED as service provider
REFINITIV TRANSACTIONS SERVICES LIMITED as service provider
TRANSACTIONS SERVICES LIMITED as service provider
ASX OPERATIONS PTY. LTD. as service provider
AUSTRALIAN SECURITIES EXCHANGE (ASX) as service provider
HUDSON RIVER TRADING (HRT) as service provider
HUDSON RIVER TRADING as service provider
T.F.S. DERIVATIVES HK LIMITED as service provider
STATE STREET GLOBAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED as service provider
INSTINET CANADA LIMITED as service provider
GARANTUM FONDKOMMISSION AB as service provider
RBC CAPITAL MARKETS (EUROPE) GMBH as service provider
KOREA EXCHANGE (FUTURES MARKET) as service provider
KOREA EXCHANGE (KOSDAQ) as service provider
KOREA EXCHANGE (STOCK MARKET) as service provider
MARKETAXESS EUROPE LIMITED as service provider
GFI SWAPS EXCHANGE LLC as service provider
CLEARPOOL EXECUTION SERVICES, LLC - NATURAL LIQUIDITY ALLIANCE as service provider
CLEARPOOL EXECUTION SERVICES, LLC as service provider
JEFFERIES JAPAN LIMITED as service provider
RTX FINTECH AND RESEARCH LLC as service provider
ICE FUTURES EUROPE - AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS DIVISION as service provider
ICE FUTURES EUROPE - EQUITY PRODUCTS DIVISION as service provider
ICE FUTURES EUROPE - EUROPEAN UTILITIES DIVISION as service provider
ICE FUTURES EUROPE - FINANCIAL PRODUCTS DIVISION as service provider
ICE FUTURES EUROPE - OIL AND REFINED PRODUCTS DIVISION as service provider
INTERCONTINENTAL EXCHANGE - ICE FUTURES EUROPE as service provider
INTERNATIONAL PETROLEUM EXCHANGE as service provider
SIX REPO AG - CH REPO MARKET as service provider
SIX REPO AG - OTC SPOT MARKET as service provider
WOOD AND COMPANY FINANCIAL SERVICES, A.S. as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH - SWAP EXECUTIONS as service provider
MIZUHO BANK, LTD. DUESSELDORF BRANCH as service provider
TFS CURRENCIES PTE LTD as service provider
BNP PARIBAS SECURITIES (JAPAN) LIMITED as service provider
OSL DIGITAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
BNP PARIBAS SECURITIES SERVICES as service provider
STANDARD CHARTERED BANK AG as service provider
REFINITIV US SEF LLC as service provider
CITADEL CONNECT EUROPE as service provider
CITADEL SECURITIES FI as service provider
BEURS VAN ANTWERPEN (ANTWERP STOCK EXCHANGE) as service provider
TALLINN STOCK EXCHANGE - REGULATED MARKET as service provider
VIRTU FINANCIAL IRELAND LIMITED (LONDON BRANCH) as service provider
VIRTU FINANCIAL IRELAND LIMITED - OTC as service provider
VIRTU FINANCIAL IRELAND LIMITED - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
VIRTU FINANCIAL IRELAND LIMITED as service provider
BLOOMBERG TRADEBOOK JAPAN LIMITED as service provider
BITSTAMP EUROPE S.A. as service provider
ERSTE BANK HUNGARY ZRT. as service provider
PROVABLE MARKETS LLC as service provider
MARKETAXESS CANADA COMPANY as service provider
WALL STREET ACCESS NYC - VNDM as service provider
WALL STREET ACCESS NYC as service provider
UNICREDIT BULBANK AD as service provider
BET OTC BILAT COMMODITY DERIVATIVES as service provider
JANE STREET FINANCIAL LTD as service provider
JANE STREET CAPITAL, LLC as service provider
STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY as service provider
STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST FX as service provider
OSLO BORS - LIT X AUCTIONS as service provider
OSLO BORS ASA - OSLO AXESS LIT X AUCTIONS as service provider
SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION - BRUSSELS BRANCH as service provider
SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION - DUESSELDORF BRANCH as service provider
SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION - LONDON BRANCH as service provider
STIFEL, NICOLAUS AND COMPANY, INCORPORATED as service provider
J AND E DAVY - IRISH GOVERNMENT BOND as service provider
EURONEXT DUBLIN - TRADED BONDS as service provider
GLOBAL EXCHANGE MARKET - TRADED BONDS as service provider
IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE - ALL MARKET as service provider
IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE - ENTERPRISE SECURITIES MARKET as service provider
IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE - GLOBAL EXCHANGE MARKET as service provider
THE IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE PLC as service provider
THE IRISH STOCK EXCHANGE PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY as service provider
ENERGY BROKING IRELAND GAS TRADING PLATFORM as service provider
SUSQUEHANNA INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES LIMITED as service provider
GOODBODY STOCKBROKERS UC as service provider
FINANCIAL AND RISK TRANSACTION SERVICES IRELAND LIMITED as service provider
FINANCIAL AND RISK TRANSACTIONS SERVICES IRELAND LIMITED - FXALL RFQ MTF as service provider
FINANCIAL AND RISK TRANSACTIONS SERVICES IRELAND LIMITED as service provider
CANTOR FITZGERALD IRELAND LIMITED as service provider
MP DEVELOPERS S.R.O. as service provider
ELECTRON EXCHANGE DCM, LLC as service provider
KBC BANK NV GROUP MARKETS as service provider
BNP PARIBAS ARBITRAGE SNC as service provider
MORGAN STANLEY AUSTRALIA SECURITIES LIMITED as service provider
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS INC. as service provider
CME CLEARING EUROPE LIMITED as service provider
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS EUROPE AG as service provider
ICE CLEAR NETHERLANDS B.V. as service provider
AFS - OTF - FX FORWARDS as service provider
AFS - OTF - INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES as service provider
AFS - OTF - STRUCTURED PRODUCTS as service provider
COMMONWEALTH BANK OF AUSTRALIA (EUROPE) N.V. as service provider
TRADEWEB EU BV - APA as service provider
TRADEWEB EU BV - MTF as service provider
TRADEWEB EU BV - OTF as service provider
ENERGY TRADING PLATFORM AMSTERDAM as service provider
CAVENDISH MARKETS B.V. as service provider
ZERO HASH EUROPE B.V. as service provider
MUFG BANK (EUROPE) N.V. as service provider
EURONEXT IRF, INTEREST RATE FUTURE AND OPTIONS as service provider
EURONEXT - ALTERNEXT AMSTERDAM as service provider
EURONEXT - EURONEXT AMSTERDAM as service provider
EURONEXT - TRADED BUT NOT LISTED AMSTERDAM as service provider
EURONEXT AMSTERDAM N.V. as service provider
EURONEXT COM, COMMODITIES FUTURES AND OPTIONS as service provider
EURONEXT EQF, EQUITIES AND INDICES DERIVATIVES as service provider
MIZUHO BANK EUROPE N.V. as service provider
ALEXANDRIA PANKKIIRILIIKE OYJ as service provider
THE ZAGREB STOCK EXCHANGE MTF as service provider
ZAGREB STOCK EXCHANGE - APA as service provider
ZAGREB STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
LJUBLJANA STOCK EXCHANGE (OFFICIAL MARKET) as service provider
LJUBLJANA STOCK EXCHANGE (SEMI-OFFICIAL MARKET) as service provider
LJUBLJANSKA BORZA VREDNOSTNIH PAPIRJEV D.D. LJUBLJANA as service provider
CROATIAN POWER EXCHANGE LTD. FOR ELECTRICITY MARKET ORGANIZATION AND ELECTRICITY TRADING as service provider
BULGARIAN STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
SCOTIABANK (IRELAND) DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY as service provider
TURKISH MERCANTILE EXCHANGE as service provider
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION as service provider
CASSA DI RISPARMIO DI ASTI S.P.A. SIGLABILE: BANCA C.R.ASTI S.P.A., OPPURE BANCA DI ASTI as service provider
AFFIDATY SOCIETA' PER AZIONI as service provider
BORSA ITALIANA S.P.A. as service provider
E-MID SOCIETA DI INTERMEDIAZIONE MOBILIARE S.P.A as service provider
CASSA DI COMPENSAZIONE E GARANZIA S.P.A. as service provider
BANCO BPM SOCIETA' PER AZIONI as service provider
INVEST BANCA - IBIS EQUITY as service provider
GUANGZHOU FUTURES EXCHANGE as service provider
BEIJING STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
NATIONAL EQUITIES EXCHANGE AND QUOTATIONS as service provider
COMMERZBANK COMMANDER as service provider
COMMERZBANK COMMODITY DERIVATIVES as service provider
COMMERZBANK EQUITY DERIVATIVES as service provider
COMMERZBANK FIXED INCOME as service provider
FMX SECURITIES (SINGAPORE) PTE. LIMITED as service provider
CHINAFICC INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS LTD as service provider
SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
SAUDI STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
UKRAINIAN INTERBANK CURRENCY EXCHANGE as service provider
BOLSA INSTITUCIONAL DE VALORES as service provider
BOLSA MEXICANA DE VALORES (MEXICAN STOCK EXCHANGE) as service provider
MONTENEGRIN POWER EXCHANGE LLC as service provider
BOLSA CENTROAMERICANA DE VALORES S.A. as service provider
HONDURIAN STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
PJSC NATIONAL DEPOSITORY OF UKRAINE as service provider
DEN JYSKE SPAREKASSE as service provider
WINTERFLOOD SECURITIES LIMITED - ELECTRONIC PLATFORM as service provider
WINTERFLOOD SECURITIES LIMITED - MANUAL TRADING as service provider
JP MORGAN - JPMI MARKET as service provider
GOLDMAN SACHS BANK EUROPE SE - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
GOLDMAN SACHS BANK EUROPE SE as service provider
MERCADO CONTINUO ESPANOL - CONTINUOUS MARKET as service provider
BME - BOLSAS Y MERCADOS ESPANOLES as service provider
BIT2ME SECURITY TOKENS EXCHANGE STX SA as service provider
BOLSAS Y MERCADOS ESPANOLES SISTEMAS DE NEGOCIACION SOCIEDAD ANONIMA as service provider
BOLSAS Y MERCADOS ESPANOLES RENTA FIJA, S.A.U as service provider
CEVALDOM DEPOSITO CENTRALIZADO DE VALORES, S. A. as service provider
KEY CAPITAL PARTNERS AV SA as service provider
BOLSA DE BILBAO RENTA FIJA as service provider
BOLSA DE VALORES DE BILBAO as service provider
ARCHAX MARKETS EUROPE, S.V., S.A. as service provider
KING AND SHAXSON CAPITAL MARKETS S.V., S.A. as service provider
A AND G BANCA PRIVADA SAU as service provider
MEFF FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES as service provider
MEFF FX FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES as service provider
MEFF POWER DERIVATIVES as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE BANK (EUROPE), S.A. as service provider
EUROPEAN DIGITAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, S.L. as service provider
MERCADO ELECTRONICO DE RENTA FIJA as service provider
SOCIEDAD RECTORA DE LA BOLSA DE VALORES DE MADRID, S.A.U. as service provider
BOLSA DE BARCELONA RENTA FIJA as service provider
EDMOND DE ROTHSCHILD (FRANCE) as service provider
AQUIS EXCHANGE EUROPE as service provider
MARKET SECURITIES (FRANCE) SA as service provider
MARCHE DE TITRES-FRANCE (MTS FRANCE) as service provider
EURONEXT LONDON LIMITED as service provider
EURONEXT PARIS MATIF as service provider
EURONEXT PARIS MONEP as service provider
EURONEXT STRUCTURED PRODUCTS MTF as service provider
GRIFFIN MARKETS EUROPE - OTF as service provider
GRIFFIN MARKETS EUROPE as service provider
DEALERBOX TECHNOLOGIES as service provider
TRADITION PARIS - TSAF as service provider
EXANE BNP PARIBAS - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
PNGX MARKETS LIMITED as service provider
AMERICAN LEDGER ATS LLC as service provider
ACCESS FINTECH (UK) LTD as service provider
PAYWARD EUROPE SOLUTIONS LIMITED as service provider
PAYWARD GLOBAL SOLUTIONS LIMITED as service provider
PO CAPITAL MARKETS PTY LIMITED as service provider
ACX CLEARING CORPORATION LTD. as service provider
GAMI GLOBAL INVESTMENT L.L.C as service provider
EQUITY EXPRESS SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
BUYSIDE TRADING SOLUTIONS LIMITED as service provider
GLOBAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
BULGARIAN ENERGY TRADING PLATFORM AD as service provider
COINBASE DERIVATIVES, LLC as service provider
LEDGEREDGE SECURITIES INC. as service provider
24X NATIONAL EXCHANGE LLC as service provider
UNITED GENERAL LIMITED as service provider
ONE TRADING EXCHANGE B.V. as service provider
SGX FX MARKETS PTE. LTD. as service provider
ALGORITHMICA SOLUTIONS LTD as service provider
FINSTREET GLOBAL MARKETS LIMITED as service provider
LIQUIDITY CUBE PTY LTD as service provider
DIGINEX CAPITAL PTE. LTD as service provider
RAILBIRD EXCHANGE, LLC as service provider
INTERNATIONAL TRADING SYSTEM LIMITED as service provider
CICADA SECURITIES LLC as service provider
REAL FORTUNE INVESTMENT L.L.C as service provider
ABAXX EXCHANGE PTE. LTD. as service provider
GAMI ASSET INVESTMENT L.L.C as service provider
BANQUE INTERNATIONALE A LUXEMBOURG S.A. as service provider
INVESCO CANADA PTF TRADES as service provider
DEUTSCHE BANK SECURITIES INC. as service provider
CESKA SPORITELNA, A.S. as service provider
MORGAN STANLEY AND CO. LLC as service provider
RAIFFEISEN BANK INTERNATIONAL AG as service provider
BELFIUS BANK NV/SA FIXED INCOME as service provider
SISTEMA ESPECIAL DE LIQUIDACAO E CUSTODIA DE TITULOS PUBLICOS as service provider
NAB EUROPE LIMITED - FIXED INCOME SECURITIES as service provider
MACQUARIE GROUP LIMITED as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE AG - LONDON BRANCH as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE AG - OHS as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION - LONDON BRANCH OFFICE - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION - LONDON BRANCH OFFICE as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION as service provider
LBBW - LANDESBANK BADEN-WUERTTEMBERG - LIQUIDITY PROVIDER as service provider
LBBW - LANDESBANK BADEN-WUERTTEMBERG - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
LBBW - LANDESBANK BADEN-WUERTTEMBERG as service provider
CIBC WORLD MARKETS PLC as service provider
WELLS FARGO SECURITIES INTERNATIONAL as service provider
MUFG BANK, LTD. - LONDON BRANCH as service provider
MUFG BANK, LTD. - MILANO BRANCH as service provider
MUFG BANK, LTD. - PARIS BRANCH as service provider
FONDS DES RENTES / RENTENFONDS as service provider
UNICREDIT BANK AUSTRIA AG as service provider
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS AUSTRALIA PTY LIMITED as service provider
RABOBANK INTERNATIONAL LONDON as service provider
NOMURA INTERNATIONAL PLC as service provider
LANDESBANK HESSEN-THUERINGEN GIROZENTRALE as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE (EUROPE) as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE AES CROSSFINDER EUROPE as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE AES EUROPE BENCHMARK CROSS as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE SECURITIES (EUROPE) LIMITED as service provider
NORDDEUTSCHE LANDESBANK - GIROZENTRALE as service provider
CITIBANK N.A. LONDON as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE INTERNATIONAL - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
CREDIT SUISSE INTERNATIONAL as service provider
WESTPAC BANKING CORPORATION as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL BANK DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL BANK DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY as service provider
MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL BANK DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY as service provider
ROYAL BANK OF CANADA as service provider
HSBC CONTINENTAL EUROPE as service provider
LCH LTD - CROSS NETTING as service provider
SEB - LIQUIDITY POOL as service provider
NATIONAL AUSTRALIA BANK LIMITED as service provider
TD GLOBAL FINANCE UNLIMITED COMPANY as service provider
GOLDMAN SACHS & CO. LLC as service provider
BARCLAYS BANK PLC - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
DEALERWEB FIXED INCOME as service provider
SMBC NIKKO CAPITAL MARKETS LIMITED as service provider
ABN AMRO CLEARING BANK N.V. as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH EQUITY SWAP - EXTERNAL PRICE SOURCE as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH EQUITY SWAP - INTERNAL PRICE SOURCE as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA SECURITIES - CENTRAL RISK as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA SECURITIES EQUITY SWAP - SYNTHETIC PRICE SOURCE as service provider
MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL - RFQ as service provider
MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL as service provider
MARKETAXESS CORPORATION as service provider
GFI SECURITIES LIMITED as service provider
THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON as service provider
RAIFFEISENLANDESBANK OBEROSTERREICH AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH - JAPAN INSTINCT X as service provider
BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH - SIMPLEX BLAST X as service provider
RENAISSANCE SECURITIES (CYPRUS) LIMITED as service provider
KOMERCNI BANKA, A.S. as service provider
AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND BANKING GROUP LIMITED - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND BANKING GROUP LIMITED as service provider
BANCO COMERCIAL PORTUGUES S.A. as service provider
HSBC TRINKAUS AND BURKHARDT AG as service provider
J.P. MORGAN SECURITIES PLC as service provider
BARCLAYS CAPITAL SECURITIES LIMITED as service provider
WELLS FARGO BANK NA - LONDON BRANCH as service provider
IMC FINANCIAL MARKETS as service provider
BNP PARIBAS FORTIS SA/NV as service provider
QUINTET PRIVATE BANK (EUROPE) S.A. as service provider
UNICREDIT BANK CZECH REPUBLIC AND SLOVAKIA, A.S. as service provider
THE BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA as service provider
BMO CAPITAL MARKETS - CAD OTC TRADES as service provider
BMO CAPITAL MARKETS LIMITED as service provider
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS as service provider
DAIWA CAPITAL MARKETS EUROPE LIMITED as service provider
COMMONWEALTH BANK OF AUSTRALIA - LONDON BRANCH as service provider
CITIBANK EUROPE PLC - LONDON BRANCH as service provider
CREDIT INDUSTRIEL ET COMMERCIAL as service provider
BANQUE DEGROOF PETERCAM LUXEMBOURG S.A. as service provider
SVENSKA HANDELSBANKEN AB - SVEX as service provider
SVENSKA HANDELSBANKEN AB as service provider
BRED BANQUE POPULAIRE as service provider
BANK BGZ BNP PARIBAS S.A. as service provider
BANK OF MONTREAL - LONDON BRANCH as service provider
SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION EUROPE LIMITED - PARIS BRANCH as service provider
SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION EUROPE LIMITED as service provider
MITSUBISHI UFJ MORGAN STANLEY SECURITIES CO.,LTD. as service provider
CREDITEX BROKERAGE LLP as service provider
BANK OF SCOTLAND PLC as service provider
PKO BANK POLSKI S.A. as service provider
MORGAN STANLEY MTF - CONTINUOUS CROSS DARK as service provider
MORGAN STANLEY MTF - NEGOTIATED TRADE as service provider
MORGAN STANLEY MTF - PERIODIC AUCTION as service provider
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS JAPAN INC. as service provider
BANQUE DE LUXEMBOURG as service provider
THE TORONTO-DOMINION BANK as service provider
IKB DEUTSCHE INDUSTRIEBANK AG as service provider
CESKOSLOVENSKA OBCHODNI BANKA, A.S. - OTHER LIQUIDITY PROVIDER (OLP) as service provider
CESKOSLOVENSKA OBCHODNI BANKA, A.S. - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
CESKOSLOVENSKA OBCHODNI BANKA, A.S. as service provider
BANQUE ET CAISSE D'EPARGNE DE L'ETAT, LUXEMBOURG - BCEE as service provider
ABBEY NATIONAL TREASURY SERVICES PLC as service provider
MIZUHO BANK LTD. - PARIS BRANCH as service provider
BNP PARIBAS SECURITIES CORP. as service provider
JEFFERIES INTERNATIONAL - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
BANCO DE SABADELL, S.A. as service provider
RAYMOND JAMES AND ASSOCIATES, INC. as service provider
MUFG SECURITIES EMEA PLC as service provider
BANCA NAZIONALE DEL LAVORO SPA as service provider
BAYERISCHE LANDESBANK as service provider
BAYERNLB - BONDS MARKET as service provider
BAYERNLB - EQUITIES MARKET as service provider
BAYERNLB - FX HANDEL as service provider
BAYERNLB - LIQP BONDS MARKET as service provider
RBC CAPITAL MARKETS ARBITRAGE S.A. as service provider
J.P. MORGAN CAZENOVE LIMITED as service provider
WELLS FARGO LIQUIDITY CROSS ATS as service provider
WELLS FARGO SECURITIES, LLC as service provider
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL - SIGMA BCN as service provider
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL PARIS BRANCH as service provider
GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL as service provider
TRADITION SECURITIES AND DERIVATIVES INC. as service provider
NATWEST MARKETS N.V. as service provider
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS LIMITED as service provider
BANK HANDLOWY W WARSZAWIE S.A. as service provider
NOMURA SECURITIES CO LTD as service provider
UNICREDIT BANK HUNGARY ZRT. as service provider
NORTH AMERICAN DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE, INC. as service provider
MORGAN STANLEY BANK INTERNATIONAL LIMITED - SYSTEMATIC INTERNALISER as service provider
MORGAN STANLEY BANK INTERNATIONAL LIMITED as service provider
STATE STREET BANK INTERNATIONAL FX - LONDON BRANCH as service provider
STATE STREET BANK INTERNATIONAL FX as service provider
STATE STREET BANK INTERNATIONAL GMBH as service provider
GOLDMAN SACHS PARIS INC. AND CO. as service provider
BGC BROKERS LP - MTF as service provider
LA BOLSA ELECTRONICA DE CHILE as service provider
LABUAN INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL EXCHANGE as service provider
LAHORE STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
LAO SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
LITHUANIAN NATURAL GAS EXCHANGE as service provider
LONDON BULLION MARKET as service provider
LONDON COMMODITY EXCHANGE, THE as service provider
LONDON DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE as service provider
LONDON METAL EXCHANGE as service provider
LONDON PLATINUM AND PALLADIUM MARKET as service provider
LONDON TRADED OPTIONS MARKET as service provider
LONG-TERM STOCK EXCHANGE, INC. as service provider
LUSAKA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
MACEDONIAN STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
MACQUARIE EXECUTION (HK) as service provider
MACQUARIE INTERNAL MARKETS (HONG KONG) as service provider
MACQUARIE INTERNAL MARKETS (JAPAN) as service provider
MALAWI STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
MALDIVES STOCK EXCHANGE COMPANY PVT. LTD as service provider
MAPUTO STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
MARCHE INTERBANCAIRE DES DEVISES M.I.D. as service provider
MARKET FOR ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENT as service provider
MEDIP (MTS PORTUGAL SGMR, SA) as service provider
MERCADO DE FUTUROS DE ACEITE DE OLIVA, S.A. as service provider
MERCADO DE FUTUROS Y OPCIONES SOBRE CITRICOS as service provider
MERCADO DE VALORES DE BUENOS AIRES S.A. as service provider
MERCADO DE VALORES DE CORDOBA S.A. as service provider
MERCADO DE VALORES DEL LITORAL S.A. as service provider
MERCADO DE VALORES DE MENDOZA S.A. as service provider
MERCADO DE VALORES DE ROSARIO S.A. as service provider
MERCADO ORGANIZADO DEL GAS as service provider
MERCATO ITALIANO DEI FUTURES as service provider
MERKUR MARKET - DARK POOL as service provider
MF GLOBAL ENERGY MTF as service provider
MIAMI INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS, INC. as service provider
MIAMI INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES EXCHANGE, LLC as service provider
MIBGAS - DERIVATIVES as service provider
MID AMERICA COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
MIDWEST STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
MOLDOVA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
MONGOLIAN STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
MONTENEGROBERZA A.D. PODGORICA as service provider
MONTREAL CLIMATE EXCHANGE as service provider
MOSCOW ENERGY EXCHANGE as service provider
MOSCOW INTERBANK CURRENCY EXCHANGE as service provider
MOZAMBIQUE STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
MTS INTERDEALER SWAPS MARKET as service provider
MTS PORTUGAL SGMR, SA as service provider
MTS QUASI GOVERNMENT as service provider
MTS REPO - AGENCY CASH MANAGEMENT as service provider
NAGOYA SENI TORIHIKIJO (TEXTILE EXCHANGE) - CHUBU COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
NAGOYA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
NAIROBI STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
NAMIBIAN STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
NASDAQ - ALL MARKETS as service provider
NASDAQ CAPITAL MARKET as service provider
NASDAQ EUROPE (NURO) DARK as service provider
NASDAQ FIXED INCOME TRADING as service provider
NASDAQ/NGS (GLOBAL SELECT MARKET) as service provider
NASDAQ/NMS (GLOBAL MARKET) as service provider
NASDAQ OMX BX OPTIONS as service provider
NASDAQ OMX DERIVATIVES MARKETS as service provider
NASDAQ OPTIONS MARKET as service provider
NATIONAL BOARD OF TRADE LIMITED as service provider
NATIONAL MERCANTILE EXCHANGE as service provider
NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE OF AUSTRALIA LIMITED as service provider
NEPAL STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
NEW YORK COCOA, COFFEE AND SUGAR EXCHANGE as service provider
NEW YORK COTTON EXCHANGE as service provider
NEW YORK MERCANTILE EXCHANGE - ENERGY MARKETS as service provider
NEW YORK MERCANTILE EXCHANGE - OTC MARKETS as service provider
NEW YORK PORTFOLIO CLEARING as service provider
NEW ZEALAND FUTURES AND OPTIONS EXCHANGE as service provider
NEW ZEALAND STOCK EXCHANGE - AUCKLAND as service provider
NIIGATA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
NIPPON NEW MARKET - HERCULES as service provider
NO MARKET (E.G. UNLISTED) as service provider
NOMURA SECURITIES INTERNATIONAL as service provider
NORWEGIAN INTER BANK OFFERED RATE as service provider
NUEVA BOLSA DE COMERCIO DE TUCUMAN S.A. as service provider
NX ATS - CROSSING PLATFORM as service provider
NYSE EURONEXT - COMPARTIMENT DES VALEURS RADIEES PARIS as service provider
ODESSA COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
OESTERREICHISCHE TERMIN- UND OPTIONENBOERSE, CLEARING BANK AG as service provider
OFF-EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS - LISTED AND UNLISTED INSTRUMENTS as service provider
OFF-EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS - LISTED INSTRUMENTS as service provider
OMI POLO ESPANOL S.A. (OMIE) as service provider
OMLX, THE LONDON SECURITIES AND DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE LIMITED as service provider
OMX NORDIC EXCHANGE STOCKHOLM AB as service provider
OPTIONS PRICE REPORTING AUTHORITY as service provider
OSAKA DOJIMA COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
OSAKA MERCANTILE EXCHANGE as service provider
OSAKA SENI TORIHIKIJO (TEXTILE EXCHANGE) as service provider
OSLO AXESS NORTH SEA - DARK POOL as service provider
OSLO BORS NORTH SEA - DARK POOL as service provider
OTC EXCHANGE OF INDIA as service provider
OTC PUBLICATION VENUE as service provider
PAKISTAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE as service provider
PALESTINE SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
PERIMETER FINANCIAL CORP. - BLOCKBOOK ATS as service provider
PEX-PRIVATE EXCHANGE as service provider
PHILADELPHIA OPTIONS EXCHANGE as service provider
PHILIPPINE DEALING AND EXCHANGE CORP as service provider
PHILIPPINE STOCK EXCHANGE, INC. as service provider
PLUS DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE as service provider
PRIDNEPROVSK COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
REGIONAL EXCHANGE CENTRE - MICEX FAR EAST as service provider
REGIONAL EXCHANGE CENTRE - MICEX SOUTH as service provider
REGIONAL EXCHANGE CENTRE - MICEX URAL as service provider
REGIONAL EXCHANGE CENTRE - MICEX VOLGA REGION as service provider
REPUBLICAN STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
RISK MANAGEMENT EXCHANGE as service provider
RIVER CROSS SECURITES, LP as service provider
ROMANIAN POWER MARKET as service provider
RTR (REUTERS-REALTIME-DATEN) as service provider
RWANDA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
SAINT-PETERSBURG CURRENCY EXCHANGE as service provider
SAMARA CURRENCY INTERBANK EXCHANGE as service provider
SANTIAGO STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
SAPPORO SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
SARAJEVO STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
SECDEX CLEARING LIMITED as service provider
SECDEX DEPOSITORY LIMITED as service provider
SECDEX DIGITAL CUSTODIAN LIMITED as service provider
SECDEX EXCHANGE LIMITED as service provider
SHENZHEN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE as service provider
SHENZHEN STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
SHENZHEN STOCK EXCHANGE - SHENZHEN - HONG KONG STOCK CONNECT as service provider
SIBERIAN INTERBANK CURRENCY EXCHANGE as service provider
SIBIU MONETARY- FINANCIAL AND COMMODITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
SIM VENTURE SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
SINGAPORE CENTRAL LIMIT ORDER BOOK INTERNATIONAL as service provider
SL-X - SECURITIES LENDING MTF as service provider
SOCIAL STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
SOCIETE DE GESTION DE LA BOURSE DES VALEURS (SGBV) as service provider
SOCIETE DU NOUVEAU MARCHE as service provider
SOCIETY3 FUNDERSMART as service provider
SOUTH PACIFIC STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
SPOT REGULATED MARKET - BMFMS as service provider
STOCK EXCHANGE OF MAURITIUS LTD as service provider
STOCK EXCHANGE PERSPECTIVA as service provider
STOXX LIMITED - CUSTOMIZED INDICES as service provider
STOXX LIMITED - INDICES as service provider
STOXX LIMITED - VOLATILITY INDICES as service provider
ST. PETERSBURG INTERNATIONAL MERCANTILE EXCHANGE as service provider
SURABAYA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
SWISS OPTIONS AND FINANIAL FUTURES EXCHANGE as service provider
SYDNEY STOCK EXCHANGE LIMITED as service provider
TAIWAN INTERNATIONAL MERCANTILE EXCHANGE as service provider
TEHRAN STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
TFS GREEN AUSTRALIAN GREEN MARKETS as service provider
TFS GREEN CARBON CREDIT GLOBAL MARKETS as service provider
TFS GREEN EUROPEAN GREEN MARKETS as service provider
TFS GREEN UNITED STATES GREEN MARKETS as service provider
TFS VARIANCE SWAPS SYSTEM as service provider
THE FAROESE SECURITIES MARKET as service provider
THE GREEN STOCK EXCHANGE - ACB IMPACT MARKETS as service provider
THE GUYANA ASSOCIATION OF SECURITIES COMPANIES AND INTERMEDIARIES INC. as service provider
THE NIGERIAN STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
THE PAKISTAN STOCK EXCHANGE LIMITED as service provider
THE PROPERTY INVESTMENT EXCHANGE as service provider
THIRD MARKET CORPORATION as service provider
TIRANA STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
TOKYO FINANCIAL EXCHANGE as service provider
TOKYO GRAIN EXCHANGE as service provider
TOM MTF CASH MARKETS as service provider
TOM MTF DERIVATIVES MARKET as service provider
TORONTO FUTURES EXCHANGE as service provider
TORONTO OPTIONS EXCHANGE as service provider
TORONTO STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
TOYOHASHI KANKEN TORIHIKIJO (DRIED COCOON EXCHANGE) - CHUBU COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
TRADEPOINT FINANCIAL NETWORKS PLC as service provider
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
TRUEEX LLC - DESIGNATED CONTRACT MARKET (DMC) as service provider
TRUEEX LLC - SEF (SWAP EXECUTION FACILITY) as service provider
TSX VENTURE EXCHANGE as service provider
TSX VENTURE EXCHANGE - NEX as service provider
TURKISH DERIVATIVES EXCHANGE as service provider
UBS AG LONDON BRANCH as service provider
UBS AG LONDON BRANCH - TRADING as service provider
UBS PIN (UBS PRICE IMPROVEMENT NETWORK) as service provider
UGANDA SECURITIES EXCHANGE as service provider
UKRAINIAN STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
UKRAINIAN UNIVERSAL COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
UNITED STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
UNIVERSAL BROKER'S EXCHANGE 'TASHKENT' as service provider
UZBEK COMMODITY EXCHANGE as service provider
UZBEKISTAN REPUBLICAN CURRENCY EXCHANGE as service provider
VANCOUVER STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
VARAZDIN STOCK EXCHANGE, THE as service provider
VICTORIA FALLS STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
VLADIVOSTOK (RUSSIA) STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/BONDS/CATALYST/MTF as service provider
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/COMMODITY DERIVATIVES as service provider
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/ENERGY MARKET/POEE as service provider
WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE/ EQUITIES/NEW CONNECT - MTF as service provider
YOKOHAMA COMMODITY EXCHANGE (WRONGLY RENAMED TOKYO GRAIN EXCHANGE SEPT 2006) as service provider
ZAGREB MONEY AND SHORT TERM SECURITIES MARKET INC as service provider
ZIMBABWE STOCK EXCHANGE as service provider
not-for-profit financial institution, typically formed by the employees of a company, labor union, or religious group, operated as a cooperative association organized for the purpose of promoting thrift among its members and creating a source of credit for provident or productive purposes
Bank of Canada
Banque du Canada
The Bank of Canada's overall goal is to promote a stable and efficient financial system in Canada. The focus on the financial system as a whole parallels the Bank's approach to monetary policy, which focuses on the entire economy. The Bank provides liquidity to the financial system, gives policy advice to the federal government on the design and development of the system, oversees major clearing and settlement systems, and provides banking services to these systems and their participants.
head office address for the Bank of Canada
Bank of Canada legal entity identifier registry entry
unique, 9-digit number that is the standard identifier for legal entities in Canada which are typically a business
Canada Revenue Agency business number registration identifier scheme
registration identifier scheme for business numbers defined by the Canada Revenue Agency for the registration of a business or legal entity
Canada Revenue Agency business number registration service
Canada Revenue Agency service for the registration of business entities
Canada Revenue Agency business number entity registry
Canada Revenue Agency business number registry
Agence du revenu du Canada
Canada Revenue Agency
taxation authority of the Government of Canada
This agency administers tax laws for the Canadian government and for several of the provinces and territories of Canada.
Canada Revenue Agency head office address
head office address for the Canada Revenue Agency
Canadian banking regulatory agency, registration authority and central bank role of the Bank of Canada
regulatory agency, registration authority and central banking role of the Bank of Canada
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the Canada Revenue Agency
concatenation of an entity's business number, the 'RC' abbreviation and a 4-digit subaccount number used for reporting corporate income tax
An organization may have more than one tax account through its subunits, this is handled through additional 4-digit subaccount numbers. This is used as both an account and an identifier for the registration.
Canada Revenue Agency corporation income tax number identifier scheme
registration identifier scheme for corporation income tax numbers defined by the Canada Revenue Agency for the registration of a business or legal entity
Canada Revenue Agency corporation income tax number registration service
Canada Revenue Agency service for the registration of corporation income tax accounts
Canada Revenue Agency corporation income tax number registry
Canada Revenue Agency Goods and Services Tax / Harmonized Sales Tax number registry
registry that records and tracks individual GST/HST numbers for the Canada Revenue Agency
Canada Revenue Agency Goods and Services Tax / Harmonized Sales Tax registration number identifier scheme
registration identifier scheme for GST/HST accounts defined by the Canada Revenue Agency for the registration of a business or legal entity
Canada Revenue Agency GST/HST registation number identifier scheme
Goods and Services Tax / Harmonized Sales Tax registration number
concatenation of an entity's business number, the 'RT' abbreviation and a 4-digit subaccount number used for reporting GST/HST
An organization may have more than one GST/HST account through its subunits, this is handled through additional 4-digit subaccount numbers. This is used as both an account and an identifier for the registration.
Canada Revenue Agency GST/HST number registration service
Canada Revenue Agency service for the registration of GST/HST accounts
concatenation of an entity's business number, the 'RM' abbreviation and a 4-digit subaccount number used for customs and import/export reporting purposes
An organization may have more than one import-exports account through its subunits, this is handled through additional 4-digit subaccount numbers. This is used as both an account and an identifier for the registration.
Canada Revenue Agency import export program number identifier scheme
registration identifier scheme for an import export program number defined by the Canada Revenue Agency for the registration of a business or legal entity
Canada Revenue Agency import export program number registration service
Canada Revenue Agency service for the registration of import export program number accounts
Canada Revenue Agency import export program number registry
Canada Revenue Agency information return program number identifier scheme
registration identifier scheme for information return program numbers defined by the Canada Revenue Agency for the registration of a business or legal entity
concatenation of an entity's business number, the 'RZ' abbreviation and a 4-digit subaccount number used for information returns
An organization may have more than one information returns program number through its subunits, this is handled through additional 4-digit subaccount numbers. This is used as both an account and an identifier for the registration. As opposed to other program numbers, this number is used for filing information returns and not as an account.
Canada Revenue Agency information return program number registration service
Canada Revenue Agency service for the registration of an information return program number accounts
Canada Revenue Agency import information return program number registry
Canada Revenue Agency information return program number registry
Canada Revenue Agency payroll deductions program number registration service
Canada Revenue Agency service for the registration of payroll deductions program number accounts
Canada Revenue Agency payroll deductions program number identifier scheme
registration identifier scheme for payroll deductions program number defined by the Canada Revenue Agency for the registration of a business or legal entity
concatenation of an entity's business number, the 'RP' abbreviation and a 4-digit subaccount number used for reporting payroll deductions
An organization may have more than one deduction account through its subunits, this is handled through additional 4-digit subaccount numbers. This is used as both an account and an identifier for the registration.
Canada Revenue Agency payroll deductions program number registry
Canada Revenue Agency payroll deduction program registry
concatenation of an entity's business number, the 'RR' abbreviation and a 4-digit subaccount number used for registered charity contribution
An organization may have more than one registered charity account through its subunits, this is handled through additional 4-digit subaccount numbers. This is used as both an account and an identifier for the registration.
Canada Revenue Agency registered charity program number identifier scheme
registration identifier scheme for registered charity program numbers defined by the Canada Revenue Agency for the registration of a business or legal entity
Canada Revenue Agency registered charity program number registration service
Canada Revenue Agency service for the registration of a registered charity program number accounts
Canada Revenue Agency import registered charity program number registry
Canada Revenue Agency registered charity program number registry
ABN AMRO Securities functional entity, which is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of ABN AMRO Bank N.V.
ABN AMRO Securities (USA) LLC headquarters address
headquarters address for ABN AMRO Securities (USA) LLC
ABN AMRO Securities (USA) LLC legal address
legal address for ABN AMRO Securities (USA) LLC
ABN AMRO Securities (USA) LLC legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for ABN AMRO Securities (USA) LLC
ABN AMRO Securities (USA) LLC legal entity that is a Delaware limited liability company
Alphabet Inc. legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for Alphabet Inc.
Apple Inc. legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for for Apple Inc.
Delaware corporation that is BNP Paribas USA, INC.
BNY Mellon, National Association functional entity that is a state-chartered bank and a member of the Federal Reserve based in New York
BNY Mellon, National Association legal entity that is a Delaware Corporation
BNY Mellon, National Association address
registration address for BNY Mellon, National Association
business entity identifier for BNY Mellon, National Association
South Dakota Business Entity registration identifier for BNY Mellon, National Association
BNY Mellon, National Association - Business Identifier Code (BIC)
business identifier code (BIC) for BNY Mellon, National Association
BNY Mellon, National Association business party prefix
BNY Mellon, National Association business party suffix
BNY Mellon, National Association date established
date that BNY Mellon, National Association (originally Mellon National Bank and Trust Company in Pennsylvania) was established according to the NIC Repository
BNY Mellon, National Association date insured
date that BNY Mellon, National Association (originally Mellon National Bank and Trust Company in Pennsylvania) was initially insured with respect to deposit insurance
BNY Mellon, National Association FDIC Certificate number
FDIC Certificate number for BNY Mellon, National Association
BNY Mellon, National Association legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for BNY Mellon, National Association
BNY Mellon, National Association RSSD identifier
research statistics supervision discount identifier (RSSD ID), assigned by the Federal Reserve to BNY Mellon, National Association
routing transit number (RTN) for BNY Mellon, National Association
national bank functional entity for Bank of America, National Association, a national bank based in Charlotte, North Carolina
Bank of America, National Association US
business entity for Bank of America, National Association, a national banking entity established under the National Banking Act of 1864
Bank of America, National Association date established
date that Bank of America, National Association was established
Bank of America, National Association date insured
date that Bank of America, National Association was initially insured with respect to deposit insurance by the FDIC
Bank of America, National Association headquarters address
registration address that is identified as the headquarters address for Bank of America, National Association
Bank of America, National Association legal address
registration address that is identified as the legal address for Bank of America, National Association
Bank of America, National Association legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for Bank of America, National Association
financial holding company functional entity for the Bank of New York Mellon Corporation
The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation US-DE
publicly held company and for profit corporation that is The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation legal entity, incorporated in Delaware
Bank of New York Mellon Corporation address
registration address for The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation
Bank of New York Mellon Corporation business entity identifier
registration identifier assigned by the Delaware Department of Corporations for the Bank of New York Mellon Corporation
Bank of New York Mellon Corporation incorporation date
the date that the Bank of New York Mellon Corporation was first incorporated in the State of Delaware
Bank of New York Mellon Corporation legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation
Bank of New York Mellon Corporation RSSD identifier
research statistics supervision discount identifier (RSSD ID), assigned by the Federal Reserve to The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation
The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation date established
date that The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation was established by Alexander Hamilton
Citi Cards South Dakota Acceptance Corp.
finance company functional entity for the Citi Cards South Dakota Acceptance Corp., a credit card provider based in Sioux Falls, South Dakota
Citi Cards South Dakota Acceptance Corp. US-DE
stock corporation legal entity for Citi Cards South Dakota Acceptance Corp., a Delaware Corporation headquartered in Sioux Falls, South Dakota
Citi Cards South Dakota Acceptance Corp. business entity identifier
registration identifier assigned by the Delaware Department of Corporations for Citi Cards South Dakota Acceptance Corp.
Citi Cards South Dakota Acceptance Corp. headquarters address
registration address for Citi Cards South Dakota Acceptance Corp.
Citi Cards South Dakota Acceptance Corp. incorporation date
date that Citi Cards South Dakota Acceptance Corp. was first incorporated in the State of Delaware
Citi Cards South Dakota Acceptance Corp. ownership
entity ownership context for Citi Cards South Dakota Acceptance Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of Citigroup Inc.
Citi Cards South Dakota Acceptance Corp. RSSD identifier
research statistics supervision discount identifier (RSSD ID), assigned by the Federal Reserve to Citi Cards South Dakota Acceptance Corp.
national bank functional entity for Citibank, N.A. (National Association), a national bank based in Sioux Falls, South Dakota
stock corporation legal entity for Citibank, N.A. (National Association), a Delaware Corporation headquartered in Sioux Falls, South Dakota
Citibank, N.A. business entity identifier
registration identifier assigned by the Delaware Department of Corporations for Citibank N.A.
date that Citibank, N.A. (originally First National City Bank Of New York) was established
date that Citibank, N.A. (as First National City Bank Of New York) was initially insured with respect to deposit insurance by the FDIC
FDIC Certificate number for Citibank, N.A.
From the NIC and FDIC records, it appears that Citibank, National Association (with RSSD of 112855 and FDIC certificate of 16100) and Citibank, N.A. have been merged into a single national bank, with the surviving FDIC certificate and RSSD as defined herein.
registration address that is identified as a headquarters address for Citibank N.A.
date that Citibank, N.A. (National Association) was first incorporated in the State of Delaware
registration address that is identified as a legal address for Citibank N.A. (National Association)
Citibank, N.A. legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for Citibank, N.A.
entity ownership context for Citibank, N.A., a wholly owned subsidiary of Citicorp LLC
research statistics supervision discount identifier (RSSD ID), assigned by the Federal Reserve to Citibank, N.A.
routing transit number (RTN) for Citibank, N.A.
financial holding company functional entity for Citicorp LLC
private company with limited liability legal entity for Citicorp LLC, a Delaware Limited Liability Company
registration identifier assigned by the Delaware Department of Corporations for Citicorp LLC
Citicorp LLC legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for Citicorp LLC
entity ownership context for Citicorp LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Citigroup Inc.
research statistics supervision discount identifier (RSSD ID), assigned by the Federal Reserve to Citicorp LLC
date that Citicorp LLC was first registered as a limited liability company in the State of Delaware
financial holding company functional entity for Citigroup Inc.
stock corporation legal entity for Citigroup Inc., a Delaware Corporation
Citigroup Inc. business entity identifier
registration identifier assigned by the Delaware Department of Corporations for Citigroup Inc.
registration address identified as a headquarters address for Citigroup Inc.
date that Citigroup Inc. was first registered as a corporation in the State of Delaware
Citigroup Inc. legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for Citigroup Inc.
research statistics supervision discount identifier (RSSD ID), assigned by the Federal Reserve to Citigroup Inc.
business entity for Deutsche Bank Aktiengesellschaft, a national bank domiciled in Germany and operating in the US
management company functional entity for FMR LLC, a multinational financial services corporation based in Boston, MA
private company with limited liability legal entity for FMR LLC that is a Delaware Limited Liability Company
Fidelity Management and Research Company
registration identifier assigned by the Delaware Department of Corporations for FMR LLC
date that FMR LLC (originally Fidelity Management and Research Company) was first established
registration address identified as a headquarters address for FMR LLC
FMR LLC legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for FMR LLC
research statistics supervision discount identifier (RSSD ID), assigned by the Federal Reserve to FMR LLC
Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC legal entity that is a New York limited liability company
International Business Machines Corporation address
registration address for International Business Machines Corporation
International Business Machines Corporation Business Identifier Code (BIC)
business identifier code (BIC) for International Business Machines Corporation
International Business Machines Corporation business party prefix
business party prefix for International Business Machines Corporation
International Business Machines Corporation business party suffix
business party suffix for International Business Machines Corporation
International Business Machines Corporation legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for International Business Machines Corporation
financial holding company functional entity for JPMorgan Chase & Co.
publicly held company and for profit corporation legal entity for the JPMorgan Chase & Co., a Delaware Corporation
JPMorgan Chase & Co. business entity identifier
registration identifier assigned by the Delaware Department of Corporations for JPMorgan Chase & Co.
JPMorgan Chase & Co. Business Identifier Code (BIC)
business identifier code (BIC) for JPMorgan Chase & Co.
JPMorgan Chase & Co. business party prefix
business party prefix for JPMorgan Chase & Co.
JPMorgan Chase & Co. business party suffix
business party suffix for JPMorgan Chase & Co.
JPMorgan Chase & Co. headquarters address
registration address identified as the headquarters address for JPMorgan Chase & Co.
date that JPMorgan Chase & Co. was first registered as a corporation in the State of Delaware
JPMorgan Chase & Co. legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for JPMorgan Chase & Co.
research statistics supervision discount identifier (RSSD ID), assigned by the Federal Reserve to JPMorgan Chase & Co.
JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association
national bank functional entity for JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association
JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association US
business entity for JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, a national banking entity established under the National Banking Act of 1864
JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association address
registration address for JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association
JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association business entity identifier
registration identifier assigned by the Ohio Department of Corporations for JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association
JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association - business identifier code (BIC)
business identifier code (BIC) for JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association
JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association business party prefix
business party prefix for JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association
JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association business party suffix
business party suffix for JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association
JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association date established
date that JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association was established
JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association date insured
date that JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association was initially insured with respect to deposit insurance by the FDIC
JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association FDIC Certificate number
FDIC Certificate number for JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association
JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association
JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association RSSD identifier
research statistics supervision discount identifier (RSSD ID), assigned by the Federal Reserve to JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association
JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association RTN
routing transit number (RTN) for JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association
JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association registration date
date that JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association was first registered as a corporation in the State of Ohio
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC functional entity, which is an investment management company that provides wealth management, capital markets, investment banking, and other financial services to their clients world wide
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC legal entity that is a Delaware limited liability company
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC headquarters address
headquarters address for Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
legal address for Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
state-chartered bank functional entity for Pinnacle Bank
stock corporation legal entity for Pinnacle Bank, a California Corporation
Pinnacle Bank business entity identifier
registration identifier assigned by the California Division of Corporations for Pinnacle Bank
Pinnacle Bank California Certificate of Authority
certificate issued by the California Department of Business Oversight, California's primary regulator of financial service providers and products, for Pinnacle Bank
Pinnacle Bank California Certificate of Authority identifier
registration identifier assigned by the California Department of Business Oversight for the California Certificate of Authority (banking license) for Pinnacle Bank
date that Pinnacle Bank was first registered as a stock corporation in the State of California
FDIC Certificate number for Pinnacle Bank
registration address identified as the headquarters address for Pinnacle Bank
registration address identified as the legal address for Pinnacle Bank
research statistics supervision discount identifier (RSSD ID), assigned by the Federal Reserve to Pinnacle Bank
routing transit number (RTN) for Pinnacle Bank
Standard Chartered Securities (North America) LLC
Delaware limited liability company that is Standard Chartered Securities (North America)
Federal Reserve state-chartered member bank functional entity for the State Street Bank and Trust, based in Boston, Massachusetts
State Street Bank and Trust Company US-MA
trust legal entity for the State Street Bank and Trust Company, a Massachusetts Trust Company headquartered in Boston
Second Bank - State Street Trust Company
State Street Bank and Trust Company business entity identifier
registration identifier assigned by the Massachusetts Corporations Division for State Street Bank and Trust Company
State Street Bank and Trust Company - business identifier code (BIC)
business identifier code (BIC) for State Street Bank and Trust Company
State Street Bank and Trust Company business party prefix
business party prefix for State Street Bank and Trust Company
State Street Bank and Trust Company business party suffix
business party suffix for State Street Bank and Trust Company
State Street Bank and Trust Company date established
date that State Street Bank and Trust (originally Second Bank - State Street Trust Company) was established as a state member bank with the FRS
State Street Bank and Trust Company date insured
date that State Street Bank and Trust Company was initially insured with respect to deposit insurance by the FDIC
State Street Bank and Trust Company FDIC Certificate number
FDIC Certificate number for State Street Bank and Trust Company
State Street Bank and Trust Company legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for State Street Bank and Trust Company
State Street Bank and Trust Company RSSD identifier
research statistics supervision discount identifier (RSSD ID), assigned by the Federal Reserve to State Street Bank and Trust Company
routing transit number (RTN) for State Street Bank and Trust Company
State Street Bank and Trust Company registration date
date that State Street Bank and Trust Company was first registered as a trust company in the State of Massachusetts
financial holding company functional entity for the State Street Corporation
publicly held company and for profit corporation legal entity for State Street Corporation
State Street Corporation business entity identifier
registration identifier assigned by the Massachusetts Corporations Division for State Street Corporation
State Street Corporation headquarters address
registration address identified as the headquarters address for State Street Corporation
State Street Corporation incorporation date
date that State Street Corporation was first registered as a corporation in the State of Delaware
State Street Corporation legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for State Street Corporation
State Street Corporation RSSD identifier
research statistics supervision discount identifier (RSSD ID), assigned by the Federal Reserve to State Street Corporation
The Coca-Cola Company business identifier code (BIC)
business identifier code (BIC) for The Coca-Cola Company
The Coca-Cola Company business party prefix
business party prefix for The Coca-Cola Company
The Coca-Cola Company business party suffix
business party suffix for The Coca-Cola Company
registration address for The Coca-Cola Company
The Coca-Cola Company legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for The Coca-Cola Company
registration address for The Home Depot, Inc.
The Home Depot, Inc. legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for The Home Depot, Inc.
The Proctor & Gamble Company business identifier code (BIC)
business identifier code (BIC) for The Proctor & Gamble Company
The Proctor & Gamble Company business party prefix
business party prefix for The Proctor & Gamble Company
The Proctor & Gamble Company business party suffix
business party suffix for The Proctor & Gamble Company
The Proctor & Gamble Company corporate address
registration address for The Proctor & Gamble Company
The Proctor & Gamble Company date established
date that The Proctor & Gamble was founded
The Proctor & Gamble Company legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for The Proctor & Gamble Company
financial holding company functional entity for WFC Holdings, LLC
private company with limited liability legal entity for WFC Holdings, LLC legal entity, a Delaware Limited Liability Corporation
WFC Holdings, LLC business entity identifier
registration identifier assigned by the Delaware Department of Corporations for WFC Holdings, LLC
registration address identified as the headquarters address for WFC Holdings, LLC
date that WFC Holdings, LLC was first registered as a corporation in the State of Delaware
WFC Holdings, LLC legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for WFC Holdings, LLC
entity ownership context for WFC Holdings, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Wells Fargo & Company
financial holding company functional entity for Wells Fargo & Company
publicly held company and for profit corporation legal entity for Wells Fargo & Company, a Delaware Corporation
Wells Fargo & Company business entity identifier
registration identifier assigned by the Delaware Department of Corporations for Wells Fargo & Company
Wells Fargo & Company headquarters address
registration address identified as the headquarters address for Wells Fargo & Company
Wells Fargo & Company incorporation date
date that Wells Fargo & Company was first registered as a corporation in the State of Delaware
Note that one of its predecessor companies was registered was first registered in Delaware in 1929, and the bank itself was founded in 1870.
Wells Fargo & Company legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for Wells Fargo & Company
research statistics supervision discount identifier (RSSD ID), assigned by the Federal Reserve to Wells Fargo & Company
national bank functional entity for Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, US
business entity for the Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, a national banking entity established under the National Banking Act of 1864
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association - business identifier code (BIC)
business identifier code (BIC) for Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association business party prefix
business party prefix for Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association business party suffix
business party suffix for Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association date established
date that Wells Fargo Bank, National Association was established under the National Banking Act of 1863
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association date insured
date that Wells Fargo Bank, National Association was initially insured with respect to deposit insurance by the FDIC
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association FDIC Certificate number
FDIC Certificate number for Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association headquarters address
registration address identified as the headquarters address for Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association legal address
registration address identified as the legal address for Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association ownership
entity ownership context for Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, a subsidiary of WFC Holdings, LLC
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association RSSD identifier
research statistics supervision discount identifier (RSSD ID), assigned by the Federal Reserve to Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association RTN
routing transit number (RTN) for Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
agency of a foreign banking organization
place of business of a foreign bank, located in any state, at which credit balances are maintained, checks are paid, money is lent, or, to the extent not prohibited by state or federal law, deposits are accepted from a person or entity that is not a citizen or resident of the United States
Obligations shall not be considered credit balances unless they are: (1) Incidental to, or arise out of the exercise of, other lawful banking powers; (2) To serve a specific purpose; (3) Not solicited from the general public; (4) Not used to pay routine operating expenses in the United States such as salaries, rent, or taxes; (5) Withdrawn within a reasonable period of time after the specific purpose for which they were placed has been accomplished; and (6) Drawn upon in a manner reasonable in relation to the size and nature of the account.
corporation chartered by a state to engage in international banking, so named because the corporation enters into an 'agreement' with the Fed's Board of Governors that it will limit its activities to those permitted
agreement corporation whose charter allows the corporation to engage in international banking
agreement corporation whose charter allows the corporation to engage in international investment banking
commercial bank owned exclusively (except to the extent directors' qualifying shares are required by law) by other depository institutions or depository institution holding companies, the activities of which are limited by its articles of association exclusively to providing services to or for other depository institutions, their holding companies, and the officers, directors, and employees of such institutions and companies, and to providing correspondent banking services at the request of other depository institutions or their holding companies
Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980, available at https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-94/pdf/STATUTE-94-Pg132.pdf, section 711
Bankers' banks are typically (1) organized solely to do business with other financial institutions (with the exceptions defined herein), (2) owned primarily by the financial institutions with which they conduct business, and (3) do not do business with the general public.
bankers' bank that is not subject to reserve requirements
bankers' bank whose activities are not limited by specific requirements of the Federal Reserve
bankers' bank subject to reserve requirements
bankers' bank whose activities are limited by specific requirements of the Federal Reserve
any office or any place of business located in any State of the United States at which deposits are received
any institution, other than a bank or an organization operating under section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act [12 U.S.C. 601 et seq.], organized under the laws of any State of the United States, or the District of Columbia which maintains credit balances incidental to or arising out of the exercise of banking powers and engages in the business of making commercial loans
state-chartered savings association that is organized and operates according to the laws of the state in which it is chartered or organized, including Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island or Vermont
place of business of a foreign bank, located in any state, at which deposits are received, and that is not an agency as defined in https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21
branch that resides in the United States, and whose parent is also located in the United States
financial service provider that is incorporated and domiciled in the United States
domestic institution that engages in banking activities usually in connection with the business of banking in the United States
This classification is used primarily to cover organizations acting as financial institutions in the US that are not otherwise classified in the context of the National Information Center (NIC).
domestic non-bank subsidiary of a domestic entity
non-bank financial service provider based in the United States of which 25 percent or more of whose voting shares are owned or controlled by an entity that is also based in the United States, or of which a majority of its directors are controlled by such domestic entity, or of which 25 percent or more of whose voting shares are held by trustees for the benefit of the shareholders or members of such domestic entity
corporation chartered by the Federal Reserve to engage in international banking and financial operations
edge corporation whose charter allows the corporation to engage in international banking
branch of an edge corporation that is located in the United States
edge corporation whose charter allows the corporation to engage in international investment banking
federally-chartered financial institution that is supervised, examined, and regulated by the Farm Credit Administration and operates in accordance with the Farm Credit Act of 1971, as amended, 12 U.S.C. 2001 et seq
All Farm Credit System institutions are federally-chartered instrumentalities of the United States.
federal agency of foreign banking organization
agency of a foreign bank established and operating under section 3102 of CFR Title 12, Chapter 32 and section 4 of the International Banking Act of 1978
federal branch of foreign banking organization
branch of a foreign bank established and operating under section 3102 of CFR Title 12, Chapter 32 and section 4 of the International Banking Act of 1978
credit union that has a federal affiliation
savings bank that has a federal affiliation
financial entity engaged in a broad range of banking-related activities as permitted under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999
Can be a domestic or foreign domiciled holding company
These activities include: insurance underwriting, securities dealing and underwriting, financial and investment advisory services, merchant banking, issuing or selling securitized interests in bank-eligible assets, and generally engaging in any non-banking activity authorized by the Bank Holding Company Act. The Federal Reserve Board is responsible for supervising the financial condition and activities of financial holding companies. Similarly, any non-bank commercial company that is predominantly engaged in financial activities, earning 85 percent or more of its gross revenues from financial services, may choose to become a financial holding company. These companies are required to sell any non-financial (commercial) businesses within ten years.
financial institution organized under the laws of a foreign country, a territory of the United States, Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, or the Virgin Islands, which engages in the business of banking, or any subsidiary or affiliate, organized under such laws, of any such institution
For the purposes of the International Banking Act of 1978, the term 'foreign bank' includes, without limitation, foreign commercial banks, foreign merchant banks and other foreign institutions that engage in banking activities usual in connection with the business of banking in the countries where such foreign institutions are organized or operating.
Foreign bank means an organization that is organized under the laws of a foreign country and that engages directly in the business of banking outside the United States. The term foreign bank does not include a central bank of a foreign country that does not engage or seek to engage in a commercial banking business in the United States through an office.
financial service provider that is headquartered outside the United States and that can acquire or establish freestanding banks or bank holding companies in the United States
Foreign banking organization means: (1) A foreign bank, as defined in section 1(b)(7) of the International Banking Act of 1978 (12 U.S.C. 3101(7)), that: (i) Operates a branch, agency, or commercial lending company subsidiary in the United States; (ii) Controls a bank in the United States; or (iii) Controls an Edge corporation acquired after March 5, 1987; and (2) Any company of which the foreign bank is a subsidiary.
These entities are regulated and supervised as domestic institutions.
foreign banking organization as a bank holding company
foreign banking organization that is a bank holding company in the United States
A foreign banking organization that also acts as a bank holding company is thus supervised by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve.
foreign banking organization of a bank holding company
foreign banking organization that is owned or controlled by a bank holding company
branch that resides outside of the United States whose parent is located outside of the United States
foreign branch of foreign bank managed by US office
branch that resides outside of the United States whose parent is located outside of the United States that is managed by a US branch or agency of the foreign bank
branch that resides outside of the United States, but has a parent that is located in the United States
foreign institution that engages in banking activities usually in connection with the business of banking in the countries where such foreign institutions are organized or operating
limited service financial institution that raises funds by selling certificates called 'investment shares' and by accepting deposits
Often called Morris Plan banks or industrial loan companies, industrial banks are distinguished from commercial loan companies because industrial banks accept deposits in addition to making consumer loans. Industrial banks differ from commercial banks because they do not offer demand deposit (checking) accounts. Industrial banks are not regulated by the Federal Reserve.
insured federal branch of foreign banking organization
any office or any place of business of a foreign bank located in any State of the United States at which deposits are received established and operating under section 4 of the International Banking Act of 1978 that is insured and regulated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
insured state branch of foreign banking organization
any office or any place of business of a foreign bank located in any State of the United States at which deposits are received, established and operating under the laws of that State that is insured and regulated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
bank holding company established or designated by a foreign banking organization under subpart O of the Federal Reserve Board's Regulation YY (12 CFR part 252)
international bank of US depositary, edge, trust company
bank that is owned or controlled by a US depository institution, Edge Act corporation or trust company
international non-bank subsidiary of a domestic entity
non-bank financial service provider based outside of the United States of which 25 percent or more of whose voting shares are owned or controlled by an entity that is based in the United States, or of which a majority of its directors are controlled by such domestic entity, or of which 25 percent or more of whose voting shares are held by trustees for the benefit of the shareholders or members of such domestic entity
branch of a foreign bank that receives only such deposits as would be permitted for a corporation organized under section 25A of the Federal Reserve Act (12 U.S.C. 611-631)
financial institution that accepts deposits primarily from individuals and places a large portion of its funds into mortgage loans
commercial bank whose charter is approved by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) rather than by a state banking agency
National Banks are required to be members of the Federal Reserve System and belong to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
specialized non-depository lending institution that has broad borrowing and lending powers and may invest in stocks and bonds
An Article XII Investment Company is not an 'investment company' subject to registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940. An Article XII Investment Company may accept credit balances in New York that are incidental to the exercise of its other powers and may accept deposits outside New York with the approval of the Superintendent. Article XII Investment Companies may specialize in commercial or retail sales finance; others are involved in domestic and international commercial and merchant banking.
non-bank subsidiary of a domestic entity
non-bank entity of which 25 percent or more of whose voting shares are owned or controlled by an entity that is based in the United States, or of which a majority of its directors are controlled by such domestic entity, or of which 25 percent or more of whose voting shares are held by trustees for the benefit of the shareholders or members of such domestic entity
trust company that accepts and executes trusts, but does not issue currency; non-depository trust companies can either be Federal Reserve Members or Federal Reserve Non-members
facility that is any branch, agency, representative office, or commercial lending company subsidiary of a foreign bank in the United States
regional administrative office of a foreign bank
representative office that (1) Is established by a foreign bank that operates two or more branches, agencies, commercial lending companies, or banks in the United States; (2) Is located in the same city as one or more of the foreign bank's branches, agencies, commercial lending companies, or banks in the United States; (3) Manages, supervises, or coordinates the operations of the foreign bank or its affiliates, if any, in a particular geographic area that includes the United States or a region thereof, including by exercising credit approval authority in that area pursuant to written standards, credit policies, and procedures established by the foreign bank; and (4) Does not solicit business from actual or potential customers of the foreign bank or its affiliates.
office of a foreign bank which is located in any state and is not a federal branch, federal agency, state branch, state agency, or commercial lending company subsidiary
banking institution organized to accept savings deposits and pay interest on those savings deposits
Savings banks can have state and federal affiliations, for example, State Savings Banks and Federal Savings Banks
financial institution that accepts deposits primarily from individuals and channels its funds primarily into residential mortgage loans
company that directly or indirectly controls a savings association or related holding company, and explicitly excludes any company that is also a bank holding company
state agency of foreign banking organization
agency of a foreign bank established and operating under the laws of any state, where state means any State of the United States or the District of Columbia
state branch of foreign banking organization
branch of a foreign bank located in any State of the United States at which deposits are received, established and operating under the laws of that State, where state means any State of the United States or the District of Columbia
commercial bank whose charter is approved by a state banking regulator
A state bank is defined as any bank, banking association, trust company, savings bank, industrial bank (or similar depository institution operating substantially in the same manner as an industrial bank), or other banking institution which is engaged in the business of receiving deposits other than trust funds, and in the US, is incorporated under the laws of any State or which is operating under the Code of Law for the District of Columbia, including any cooperative bank or other unincorporated bank the deposits of which were insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation on the day before the date of the enactment of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989.
State-chartered banks may or may not be members of the Federal Reserve System, but typically belong to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, who may be their primary federal regulator for those that are not FRS members.
credit union that has a state affiliation
savings bank that has a state affiliation
entity of which 25 percent or more of whose voting shares are owned or controlled by an entity that is based in the United States, or of which a majority of its directors are controlled by such domestic entity, or of which 25 percent or more of whose voting shares are held by trustees for the benefit of the shareholders or members of such domestic entity
From the perspective of the International Banking Act of 1978, the definition of subsidiary is the definition from the Bank Holding Act of 1956. Thus, the meaining of the term 'subsidiary' with respect to the NIC repository and, specifically, with respect to the definition of an 'international non-bank subsidiary of a domestic entity', is the definition from the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956.
The Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 defines a 'Subsidiary', with respect to a specified bank holding company, means (1) any company 25 per centum or more of whose voting shares (excluding shares owned by the United States or by any company wholly owned by the United States) is owned or controlled by such bank holding company; or (2) any company the election of a majority of whose directors is controlled in any manner by such bank holding company; or (3) any company 25 per centum or more of whose voting shares are held by trustees for the benefit of the shareholders or members of such bank holding company.
savings association that primarily accepts savings account deposits and invests most of the proceeds in mortgages
Savings banks and savings and loan associations and credit unions are examples of thrift institutions.
bank that is licensed to conduct business in the United States
As defined in the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, https://www.fdic.gov/regulations/laws/rules/1000-400.html#fdic1000sec.3a
A bank, as specified in the Investment Company Act of 1940, is a financial intermediary that is (a) a depository institution (as defined in section 3 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act) or a branch or agency of a foreign bank (as such terms are defined in section 1(b) of the International Banking Act of 1978), (b) a member bank of the Federal Reserve System, (c) any other banking institution or trust company, whether incorporated or not, doing business under the laws of any State or of the United States, a substantial portion of the business of which consists of receiving deposits or exercising fiduciary powers similar to those permitted to national banks under the authority of the Comptroller of the Currency, and which is supervised and examined by State or Federal authority having supervision over banks, and which is not operated for the purpose of evading the provisions of this title, and (d) a receiver, conservator, or other liquidating agent of any institution or firm included in clause (a), (b), or (c) of this paragraph.
The Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 defines a bank as any depository financial intermediary that accepts checking accounts (checks) or makes commercial loans, and its deposits are insured by a federal deposit insurance agency. A bank acts as a middleman between suppliers of funds and users of funds, substituting its own credit judgement for that of the ultimate suppliers of funds, collecting those funds from three sources: checking accounts, savings and time deposits; short-term borrowings from other banks; and equity capital. A bank earns money by reinvesting these funds in longer-term assets.
bank holding company that is licensed to conduct business in the United States and is regulated and supervised by the Federal Reserve in accordance with the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956
According to the FFIEC, a bank holding company is a company that owns and/or controls one or more U.S. banks or one that owns, or has controlling interest in, one or more banks. A bank holding company may also own another bank holding company, which in turn owns or controls a bank; the company at the top of the ownership chain is called the top holder. The Board of Governors is responsible for regulating and supervising bank holding companies, even if the bank owned by the holding company is under the primary supervision of a different federal agency (OCC or FDIC).
From the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, a 'bank holding company' means any company (1) which directly or indirectly owns, controls, or holds with power to vote, 25 per centum or more of the voting shares of each of two or more banks or of a company which is or becomes a bank holding company by virtue of this Act, or (2) which controls in any manner the election of a majority of the directors of each of two or more banks, or (3) for the benefit of whose shareholders or members 25 per centum or more of the voting shares of each of two or more banks or a bank holding company is held by trustees; and for the purposes of this Act, any successor to any such company shall be deemed to be a bank holding company from the date as of which such predecessor company became a bank holding company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (A) no bank shall be a bank holding company by virtue of its ownership or control of shares in a fiduciary capacity, except where such shares are held for the benefit of the shareholders of such bank, (B) no company shall be a bank holding company which is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, and was so registered prior to May 15, 1955 (or which is affiliated with any such company in such manner as to constitute an affiliated company within the meaning of such Act), unless such company (or such affiliated company), as the case may be, directly owns 25 per centum or more of the voting shares of each of two or more banks, (C) no company shall be a bank holding company by virtue of its ownership or control of shares acquired by it in connection with its underwriting of securities and which are held only for such period of time as will permit the sale thereof upon a reasonable basis, (D) no company formed for the sole purpose of participating in a proxy solicitation shall be a bank holding company by virtue of its control of voting rights of shares acquired in the course of such solicitation, and (E) no company shall be a bank holding company if at least 80 per centum of its total assets are composed of holdings in the field of agriculture.
cooperative association organized for the purpose of promoting thrift among its members and creating a source of credit for provident or productive purposes
As soon as you deposit funds into a credit union account, you become a partial owner and participate in the union's profitability. Credit unions may be formed by large corporations and organizations for their employees and members.
uninsured federal agency of foreign banking organization
agency of a foreign bank established and operating under section 3102 of CFR Title 12, Chapter 32 and section 4 of the International Banking Act of 1978 that is not insured or regulated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
uninsured federal branch of foreign banking organization
any office or any place of business of a foreign bank located in any State of the United States at which deposits are received established and operating under section 4 of the International Banking Act of 1978 that is not insured or regulated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
An uninsured branch does not accept retail deposits and need not apply for federal deposit insurance.
uninsured state agency of foreign banking organization
agency of a foreign bank established and operating under the laws of any state that is not insured or regulated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
uninsured state branch of foreign banking organization
any office or any place of business of a foreign bank located in any State of the United States at which deposits are received, established and operating under the laws of that State that is not insured or regulated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
indicates, with respect to a foreign bank, the country in which the foreign bank is chartered or incorporated
indicates, with respect to a foreign bank, the governmental entity or entities in the foreign bank's home country with responsibility for the supervision and regulation of the foreign bank
indicates whether some capability of a financial service provider is contingent on conformance with certain Federal Reserve policies, regulations, or other requirements
Bloomberg L.P. business entity identifier
Delaware Division of Corporations business entity identifier for Bloomberg L.P.
date that Bloomberg L.P. was established
Bloomberg Finance L.P. business entity identifier
Delaware Division of Corporations business entity identifier for Bloomberg Finance L.P.
date that Bloomberg Finance L.P. was established
Bloomberg Finance L.P. functional entity, which is the professional services and financial data management part of the Bloomberg organization
Bloomberg Finance L.P. legal entity that is a Delaware Limited Partnership
Bloomberg Finance L.P. as local operating unit
Bloomberg Finance L.P. functional entity that is a legal entity identifier (LEI) local operating unit (LOU) registrar
Bloomberg Finance L.P. legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for Bloomberg Finance L.P.
entity ownership context for Bloomberg Finance, a wholly owned subsidiary of Bloomberg L.P.
Bloomberg L.P. functional entity, which is a global business and financial information services and news provider as well as a FIGI registration authority
Bloomberg L.P. legal entity that is a Delaware Limited Partnership
Bloomberg L.P. legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier Global LEI Index registry entry for Bloomberg L.P.
Federal Reserve RSSD identifier for Bloomberg L.P. as a data processing servicer
Corporation Service Company legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier for Corporation Service Company
Depository Trust Company legal entity that is a limited-purpose trust company under New York State banking law
The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation (DTCC) legal entity that is a Delaware corporation
The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation headquarters address
headquarters address for the The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation
The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation business entity identifier
Delaware Department of Corporations business entity identifier for The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation
The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation legal address
legal address for the The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation
The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation
FDIC certificate number for The Depository Trust Company
headquarters and legal address for The Depository Trust Company
DTC legal entity identifier registry entry
RSSD identifier for The Depository Trust Company
Federal Reserve RSSD identifier for The Depository Trust Company (DTC)
Routing Transit Number (RTN) for the Depository Trust Company (DTC)
The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation
DTCC is a global financial services organization focused on developing solutions to secure today's marketplace, while shaping the future of our industry, whose mission includes risk mitigation, creation of market efficiencies, and cost reduction. They are a large financial services holding company, developing trade repositories and building global capabilities across the spectrum of asset classes.
central counterparty clearing house (CCP), securities depository, and registration authority (RA) functional entity for The Depository Trust Company
DTCC's subsidiary, The Depository Trust Company (DTC), established in 1973, was created to reduce costs and provide clearing and settlement efficiencies by immobilizing securities and making 'book-entry' changes to ownership of the securities. DTC brings efficiency to the securities industry by retaining custody of more than 3.5 million securities issues valued at US$37.2 trillion, including securities issued in the US and more than 131 countries and territories.
entity ownership context for the Depository Trust Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation
Federal Reserve Bank of New York legal entity identifier registry entry
Global LEI Index registry, which contains historical and current LEI records including related reference data in one authoritative, central repository
Global Markets Entity Identifier registry
Global Markets Entity Identifier (GMEI) registry. The GMEI utility is a pre-Local Operating Unit of the Global Legal Entity Identifier System (GLEIS).
ICE Benchmark Administration Limited (IBA) was established in July 2013 following an announcement by the Hogg Tendering Advisory Committee, an independent committee set up by the UK government to select the new administrator for the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR).
Intercontinental Exchange functional entity, which owns exchanges for financial and commodity markets, and operates 23 regulated exchanges and marketplaces
Intercontinental Exchange, Inc. business entity identifier
Delaware Division of Corporations business entity identifier for Intercontinental Exchange, Inc.
Intercontinental Exchange date established
date that Intercontinental Exchange was established
Intercontinental Exchange date registered
date that Intercontinental Exchange, Inc. was registered as a legal entity with the Delaware Division of Corporations
Intercontinental Exchange headquarters address
headquarters address for Intercontinental Exchange, Inc.
Intercontinental Exchange legal entity that is a Delaware Corporation
Intercontinental Exchange legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for Intercontinental Exchange
S&P Global functional entity that is a global data, research, benchmark, and analytics provider, including S&P Dow Jones Indices, S&P Global Platts (commodities and energy market data), S&P Global Ratings, and S&P Global Market Intelligence (which manages CUSIP Global Services) divisions
S&P Global Inc. business entity identifier
New York Division of Corporations business entity identifier for S&P Global Inc.
The data established reflects the historical establishment of McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, Inc., including intermediate name and ownership changes.
headquarters address for S&P Global, as represented in the New York Division of Corporations repository
S&P Global legal entity that is a New York Domestic Business Corporation
S&P Global legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for S&P Global, Inc.
Thomson Reuters functional entity, which is a global business and financial information services and news provider as well as the RIC issuer and registration authority
Note that in 2018, the market data subsidiary of Thomson Reuters became Refinitiv, which then sold a 55% stake to Blackstone Group LP in August 2018. In October 2019, Blackstone and Thomson Reuters announced the sale of the company to London Stock Exchange Group. LSEG completed the US$27 billion purchase from the two previous owners in late January 2021, and Refinitiv is now a subsidiary of LSEG. The well-known financial instrument identifier called a 'RIC code' has been a Refinitiv branded code since its founding.
Thomson Reuters legal entity, founded in Toronto with operating headquarters in New York that is both a Canadian and U.S. entity listed on both the Toronto Stock Exchange and New York Stock Exchange
date that Thomson Reuters was established
The data established reflects the date that the Thomson Corporation merged with (purchased) the Reuters Group
Thomson Reuters Corporation Canadian headquarters address
Canadian headquarters address for Thomson Reuters Corporation
headquarters address for Thomson Reuters Corporation
Canadian legal domicile address for Thomson Reuters
Thomson Reuters Corporation legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for Thomson Reuters Corporation
CBOE Global Markets, Inc. business entity identifier
Delaware Division of Corporations business entity identifier for CBOE Global Markets, Inc.
date that CBOE Global Markets, Inc. was established per their registration with the Delaware Division of Corporations
CBOE Global Markets headquarters address
the headquarters address for CBOE Global Markets, Inc.
the CBOE Global Markets, Inc. legal entity that is a Delaware corporation
Chicago Board Options Exchange operating-level market founded in 1973 that is the world's largest options market with contracts focusing on individual equities, indexes, and interest rates
Chicago Board Options Exchange as service provider
Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE) in its role as a financial service provider and holding company, which is one of the world's largest exchange holding companies, offering cutting-edge trading and investment solutions to investors around the world. CBOE offers trading across a diverse range of products in multiple asset classes and geographies, including options, futures, U.S. and European equities, exchange-traded products (ETPs), global foreign exchange (FX), and multi-asset volatility products. Our trading venues include the largest options exchange in the U.S. and the largest stock exchange by value traded in Europe. In addition, the company is the second-largest stock exchange operator in the U.S. and a leading market globally for ETP trading.
Chicago Board Options Exchange date established
date that the Chicago Board Options Exchange was established
Intercontinental Exchange holding company and financial service provider that owns exchanges for financial and commodity markets, and operates 23 regulated exchanges and marketplaces
NYSE (New York Stock Exchange) American Options segment-level market that is an options trading platform under the name AMEX options exchange which facilitates trading of the options on domestic stocks; American depository receipts; broad-based, industry sector, and international indexes; exchange traded funds; HOLDRS; LEAPS; and equity and index FLEX options
NYSE American Options as service provider
NYSE (New York Stock Exchange) American Options functional entity that operates an options trading platform under the name AMEX options exchange, facilitating trading of options on domestic stocks; American depository receipts; broad-based, industry sector, and international indexes; exchange traded funds; HOLDRS; LEAPS; and equity and index FLEX options
NYSE American Options, LLC business entity identifier
the Delaware Division of Corporations business entity identifier for NYSE American Options LLC
NYSE American Options LLC date established
date that NYSE American Options LLC was established
the NYSE American Options LLC legal entity that is a Delaware limited liability company
NYSE Arca functional entity that is an electronic stock market, supporting trading of equity securities and options products listed in the United States, including trading exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and exchange-listed securities
NYSE (New York Stock Exchange) Arca functional entity that operates an electronic stock market, supporting trading of equity securities and options products listed in the United States, including trading exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and exchange-listed securities
NYSE Arca, Inc. business entity identifier
the Delaware Division of Corporations business entity identifier for NYSE Arca, Inc.
NYSE Group holding company and financial service provider that operates three listings exchanges, NYSE, NYSE American and NYSE Arca, each of which has a unique market model designed for corporate and ETF issuers, as well as NYSE National, which is a trading venue but not a listings market
NYSE Arca Holdings, Inc. business entity identifier
the Delaware Division of Corporations business entity identifier for NYSE Arca Holdings, Inc.
NYSE Arca Holdings, Inc. legal entity that is a Delaware corporation
NYSE Arca Holdings, Inc. date established
date that NYSE Arca Holdings, Inc. was established as a Delaware corporation
the NYSE Arca, Inc. legal entity that is a Delaware corporation
date that NYSE Arca, Inc. was established as a Delaware corporation
the headquarters address for NYSE Arca, Inc.
NYSE Dark segment-level market that is a segment of the NYSE involved in trading of dark pools
NYSE Group functional entity that operates three listings exchanges, NYSE, NYSE American and NYSE Arca, each of which has a unique market model designed for corporate and ETF issuers, as well as NYSE National, which is a trading venue but not a listings market
NYSE Group, Inc. business entity identifier
the Delaware Division of Corporations business entity identifier for NYSE Group, Inc.
the date that NYSE Group, Inc. was established
NYSE Group, Inc. legal entity that is a Delaware corporation
NYSE Holdings functional entity that through its subsidiaries, operates stock exchanges, including the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), NYSE Arca, Inc., and NYSE MKT LLC in the United States; and European based exchanges comprising Euronext N.V. - the London, Paris, Amsterdam, Brussels, and Lisbon stock exchanges, as well as the NYSE Liffe derivatives markets in London, Paris, Amsterdam, Brussels, and Lisbon
NYSE Holdings LLC business entity identifier
Delaware Division of Corporations business entity identifier for NYSE Holdings LLC
the date that NYSE Holdings LLC was established as a Delaware limited liability company
the NYSE Holdings LLC legal entity that is a Delaware limited liability company
New York Stock Exchange operating-level market founded in 1792 that is a market place for trading of common stock and other securities
The New York Stock Exchange is a leading global cash equity exchange. It is the leading equity exchange for initial public offerings, or IPOs, globally, and enables companies seeking to raise capital to become publicly listed through the IPO process upon meeting exchange listing standards. In addition to common stocks, preferred stocks and warrants, the NYSE lists structured products, such as capital securities and mandatory convertible securities. In addition, NYSE operates NYSE Bonds, an electronic trading platform with transparent pricing for debt securities, including corporate bonds.
New York Stock Exchange as service provider
New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) functional entity that manages the NYSE operating-level market
New York Stock Exchange date established
date that the New York Stock Exchange was founded
New York Stock Exchange headquarters address
headquarters address for the New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange LLC legal entity that is a New York domestic limited liability company, which is the successor organization to New York Stock Exchange, Inc.
New York Stock Exchange LLC business entity identifier
the New York Department of State Division of Corporations business entity identifier for New York Stock Exchange LLC
New York Stock Exchange LLC date established
date that the New York Stock Exchange LLC was established as a New York limited liability company
registration and legal agency role of the Delaware-based, United Agent Group subsidiary of Corporate Creations Network, Inc., which has operating units throughout the US
registration and legal agency role of the New York-based, United Agent Group subsidiary of Corporate Creations Network, Inc., which has operating units throughout the US
United Agent Group Inc. legal entity, registered in Delaware, that provides registered agent and incorporation services
United Agent Group Inc. US-DE business entity identifier
Delaware Department of Corporations business entity identifier for the United Agent Group Inc.
United Agent Group Inc. US-DE headquarters address
headquarters address for the United Agent Group Inc. US-DE
United Agent Group Inc. legal entity, registered in New York, that provides registered agent and incorporation services
United Agent Group Inc. US-NY business entity identifier
New York Department of State Division of Corporations business entity identifier for the United Agent Group Inc.
United Agent Group Inc. US-NY headquarters address
headquarters address for the United Agent Group Inc. US-NY
Delaware Department of Corporations business entity identifier for the American Bankers Association (ABA)
registered address identified as the headquarters address for the American Bankers Association (ABA)
American Bankers Association (ABA) Issuer Identification Number (IIN) registry, a repository of institution characteristics for those that have assigned IINs, managed by the ABA
an entry in the ABA IIN registry, a repository of financial institution characteristics collected by the ABA for those institutions to which they issue IINs
American Bankers Association (ABA) Routing Transit Number (RTN) registry, a repository of institution characteristics for those that have assigned RTNs, managed by the ABA's designated registration authority (RA)
an entry in the ABA RTN registry, a repository of financial institution characteristics collected by the ABA Registrar on behalf of the ABA
Accuity Inc. legal entity that is a Delaware corporation and subsidiary of Wolters Kluwer
Delaware Department of Corporations business entity identifier for Accuity Inc.
registered address that is identified as the headquarters address for Accuity Inc.
American Bankers Association (ABA) legal entity, which is a trade association whose membership comprises financial institutions of all sizes
American Bankers Association RTN Registrar
American Bankers Association (ABA) Routing Transit Number (RTN) Registrar, which is a delegated capability currently provided by Accuity
American Bankers Association Registration Authority
American Bankers Association (ABA) Registration Authority (RA), which is a function of the ABA for registration of issuer identification numbers in the US
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
regulatory agency and registration authority for the overall Federal Reserve System
CFTC Industry Filings repository, a repository of organizational characteristics and financial data for Designated Contract Markets (DCM), Swap Execution Facilities (SEF), Derivatives Clearing Organizations (DCO), Swap Data Repositories (SDR), and Lists of Foreign Boards of Trade (FBOT) Registered with the Commission
regulatory agency, registration authority, and oversight role of the State of California's Department of Business Oversight
registry of business entities for businesses that have registered with the State of California Business Programs Division
State of California, Secretary of State, Business Programs Division
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the State of California's Business Programs Division
California business registration identifier scheme
registration identifier scheme for business entity identifiers defined by the State of California, Secretary of State for the registration of business entities
California business registration service
State of California, Secretary of State, service for the registration of business entities
California Department of Business Oversight
State of California's Department of Business Oversight
The Department of Business Oversight (DBO) protects consumers and oversees financial service providers and products. The DBO supervises the operations of state-licensed financial institutions, including banks, credit unions and money transmitters. Additionally, the DBO licenses and regulates a variety of financial service providers, including securities brokers and dealers, investment advisers, payday lenders and other consumer finance lenders.
GLEIF Registration Authority List identifier for the California Business Entities Registry
commodities, futures and derivatives regulator
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC)
Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), an independent Federal agency whose mission is to foster open, transparent, competitive, and financially sound markets, to avoid systemic risk, and to protect the market users and their funds, consumers, and the public from fraud, manipulation, and abusive practices related to derivatives and other products that are subject to the Commodity Exchange Act
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB)
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), an independent Federal agency that helps consumer finance markets work by making rules more effective, by consistently and fairly enforcing those rules, and by empowering consumers to take more control over their economic lives
registration and legal agency role of the Corporation Service Company
Corporation Service Company (CSC) legal entity, which was founded in 1899, and provides registered agent, corporate governance, corporate compliance, and intellectual property management for businesses worldwide
Corporation Service Company legal address
registration address that is identified as the headquarters address for the Corporation Service Company
Corporation Service Company business entity identifier
Delaware Department of Corporations business entity identifier for the Corporation Service Company
registration and legal agency role of the The Corporation Trust Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Wolters Kluwer
The Corporation Trust Company (CT Corporation) legal entity, which provides registered agent and incorporation services
Corporation Trust Company business entity identifier
Delaware Department of Corporations business entity identifier for The Corporation Trust Company (CT Corporation)
Corporation Trust Company headquarters address
registration address that is identified as the headquarters address for the The Corporation Trust Company (CT Corporation)
State of Delaware, Division of Corporations, registry of business entities
Delaware business registration identifier scheme
registration identifier scheme for business entity identifiers defined by the State of Delaware, Division of Corporations for the registration of business entities
State of Delaware, Division of Corporations, service for the registration of business entities
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the State of Delaware's Division of Corporations
State of Delaware's Division of Corporations
GLEIF Registration Authority List identifier for the Delaware Business Entities Registry
EDGAR repository, a repository of financial information about securities and their issuers, including but not limited to corporate quarterly and annual filings, collected by the SEC
EDGAR, the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval system, performs automated collection, validation, indexing, acceptance, and forwarding of submissions by companies and others who are required by law to file forms with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Its primary purpose is to increase the efficiency and fairness of the securities market for the benefit of investors, corporations, and the economy by accelerating the receipt, acceptance, dissemination, and analysis of time-sensitive corporate information filed with the agency.
unique nine-digit number assigned by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to business entities operating in the United States for the purposes of identification
Note that despite the name, the business may not necessarily employ anyone.
employer identification numbering scheme
taxpayer identification numbering scheme used in the United States to identify business entities
Delaware Department of Corporations business entity identifier for the FDIC
identifier issued to a depository institution by the FDIC on approval of that institution's application for insurance
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation's (FDIC) institution directory, a repository of financial data and institution characteristics for covered institutions collected by the FDIC
an entry in the FDIC institution directory, a repository of financial institution characteristics collected by the FDIC related to the institutions they insure
Farm Credit Administration (FCA), an independent Federal agency that regulates and examines the banks, associations, and related entities of the Farm Credit System (FCS), including the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation (Farmer Mac)
The FCS is the largest agricultural lender in the United States. It is a nationwide network of lending institutions that are owned by their borrowers. It serves all 50 States and Puerto Rico.
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the Farm Credit Administration (FCA)
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), which preserves and promotes public confidence in the U.S. financial system by insuring deposits in banks and thrift institutions for at least $250,000; by identifying, monitoring and addressing risks to the deposit insurance funds; and by limiting the effect on the economy and the financial system when a bank or thrift institution fails.
An independent agency of the federal government, the FDIC was created in 1933 in response to the thousands of bank failures that occurred in the 1920s and early 1930s. Since the start of FDIC insurance on January 1, 1934, no depositor has lost a single cent of insured funds as a result of a failure.
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council
FFIEC, a formal interagency body empowered to prescribe uniform principles, standards, and report forms for the federal examination of financial institutions by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (FRB), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), and to make recommendations to promote uniformity in the supervision of financial institutions
The Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC) was established on March 10, 1979, pursuant to title X of the Financial Institutions Regulatory and Interest Rate Control Act of 1978 (FIRA), Public Law 95-630. In 1989, title XI of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989 (FIRREA) established The Appraisal Subcommittee (ASC) within the Examination Council.
federal financial institutions examination regulator
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC)
formal organization that is an independent agency, instrumentality or other permanent or semi-permanent organization in the machinery of government in the United States, authorized by the executive branch or by Congress, that operates at the national (federal) level
Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), responsible for strengthening and securing the United States secondary mortgage markets by providing effective supervision, sound research, reliable data, and relevant policies
The FHFA is an independent regulatory agency responsible for the oversight of vital components of the secondary mortgage markets - the housing government sponsored enterprises of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Federal Home Loan Bank System. Combined these entities provide more than $5.5 trillion in funding for the U.S. mortgage markets and financial institutions. Additionally, FHFA is the conservator of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA)
Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, whose jurisdiction is the Sixth District of the Federal Reserve
Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, whose jurisdiction is the First District of the Federal Reserve
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, whose jurisdiction is the Seventh District of the Federal Reserve
Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, whose jurisdiction is the Fourth District of the Federal Reserve
Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, whose jurisdiction is the Eleventh District of the Federal Reserve
Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, whose jurisdiction is the Tenth District of the Federal Reserve
Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, whose jurisdiction is the Ninth District of the Federal Reserve
Federal Reserve Bank of New York, whose jurisdiction is the Second District of the Federal Reserve
legal entity and instrumentality that is Federal Reserve Bank of New York
Federal Reserve Bank of New York address
headquarters address for the Federal Reserve Bank of New York
Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, whose jurisdiction is the Third District of the Federal Reserve
Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, whose jurisdiction is the Fifth District of the Federal Reserve
Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, whose jurisdiction is the Twelfth District of the Federal Reserve
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, whose jurisdiction is the Eighth District of the Federal Reserve
The members of the Board of Governors are nominated by the President of the United States and confirmed by the U.S. Senate. By law, the appointments must yield a 'fair representation of the financial, agricultural, industrial, and commercial interests and geographical divisions of the country,' and no two Governors may come from the same Federal Reserve District. The full term of a Governor is 14 years; appointments are staggered so that one term expires on January 31 of each even-numbered year. A Governor who has served a full term may not be reappointed, but a Governor who was appointed to complete the balance of an unexpired term may be reappointed to a full 14-year term. Once appointed, Governors may not be removed from office for their policy views. The lengthy terms and staggered appointments are intended to contribute to the insulation of the Board--and the Federal Reserve System as a whole--from day-to-day political pressures to which it might otherwise be subject. In addition to serving as members of the Board, the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board serve terms of four years, and they may be reappointed to those roles and serve until their terms as Governors expire. The Chairman serves as public spokesperson and representative of the Board and manager of the Board's staff. The Chairman also presides at Board meetings. Affirming the apolitical nature of the Board, recent Presidents of both major political parties have selected the same person as Board Chairman.
a region of the US identifying the jurisdiction of a Federal Reserve Bank, numbered and named for the city in which that reserve bank is located
The Federal Reserve officially identifies Districts by number and Reserve Bank city. In the 12th District, the Seattle Branch serves Alaska, and the San Francisco Bank serves Hawaii. The System serves commonwealths and territories as follows: the New York Bank serves the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands; the San Francisco Bank serves American Samoa, Guam, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. The Board of Governors revised the branch boundaries of the System in February 1996.
Federal Reserve district and member bank, with jurisdiction over a specific region of the US, named for the city in which the reserve bank is located
identifier associated with a Federal Reserve district
jurisdiction of the Eighth District of the Federal Reserve, which covers all of Arkansas, eastern Missouri, western Kentucky, western Tennessee, southern Illinois, southern Indiana and northern Mississippi
Federal Reserve eighth district identifier
identifier for the eighth district of the Federal Reserve, which represents the district governed by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Eighth District of the Federal Reserve System
jurisdiction of the Eleventh District of the Federal Reserve, which covers Texas, northern Louisiana and southern New Mexico
Federal Reserve eleventh district identifier
identifier for the eleventh district of the Federal Reserve, which represents the district governed by the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
Eleventh District of the Federal Reserve System
jurisdiction of the Fifth District of the Federal Reserve, which covers Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Washington, D.C., and most of West Virginia
Federal Reserve fifth district identifier
identifier for the fifth district of the Federal Reserve, which represents the district governed by the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond
Fifth District of the Federal Reserve System
jurisdiction of the First District of the Federal Reserve, which covers the New England states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and Massachusetts
Federal Reserve first district identifier
identifier for the first district of the Federal Reserve, which represents the district governed by the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston
First District of the Federal Reserve System
jurisdiction of the Fourth District of the Federal Reserve, which covers Ohio, western Pennsylvania, the northern panhandle of West Virginia, and eastern Kentucky
Federal Reserve fourth district identifier
identifier for the fourth district of the Federal Reserve, which represents the district governed by the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland
Fourth District of the Federal Reserve System
jurisdiction of the Ninth District of the Federal Reserve, which covers Minnesota, Montana, North and South Dakota, 26 counties in northwestern Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan
Federal Reserve ninth district identifier
identifier for the ninth district of the Federal Reserve, which represents the district governed by the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis
Ninth District of the Federal Reserve System
Federal Reserve regulatory agency and central bank
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the Federal Reserve System
jurisdiction of the Second District of the Federal Reserve, which covers New York state, the 12 northern counties of New Jersey, Fairfield County in Connecticut, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands
Federal Reserve second district identifier
identifier for the second district of the Federal Reserve, which represents the district governed by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York
Second District of the Federal Reserve System
jurisdiction of the Seventh District of the Federal Reserve, which covers all of Iowa and most of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan and Wisconsin
Federal Reserve seventh district identifier
identifier for the seventh district of the Federal Reserve, which represents the district governed by the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
Seventh District of the Federal Reserve System
jurisdiction of the Sixth District of the Federal Reserve, which covers Alabama, Florida, and Georgia, and portions of Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee
Federal Reserve sixth district identifier
identifier for the sixth district of the Federal Reserve, which represents the district governed by the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta
Sixth District of the Federal Reserve System
central banking system of the U.S., comprised of the Federal Reserve Board, the 12 Federal Reserve Banks, the Federal Open Market Committee, and the national and state member banks
The Federal Reserve, the central bank of the United States, provides the nation with a safe, flexible, and stable monetary and financial system.
Federal Reserve System as member bearing organization
central banking system as an organization that has members that are people or other organizations
financial institution that is a member of the Federal Reserve System (FRS)
membership situation, in which the Federal Reserve System has at least one member for some period of time
Federal Reserve System non-member institution
depository institution that is not member of the Federal Reserve System (FRS)
A non-member bank is a commercial bank that is state-chartered and NOT a member of the Federal Reserve System. It includes all insured commercial banks and industrial banks.
jurisdiction of the Tenth District of the Federal Reserve, which covers western Missouri, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming, Colorado and northern New Mexico
Federal Reserve tenth district identifier
identifier for the tenth district of the Federal Reserve, which represents the district governed by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City
Tenth District of the Federal Reserve System
jurisdiction of the Third District of the Federal Reserve, which covers eastern Pennsylvania, southern New Jersey, and Delaware
Federal Reserve third district identifier
identifier for the third district of the Federal Reserve, which represents the district governed by the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia
Third District of the Federal Reserve System
jurisdiction of the Twelfth District of the Federal Reserve, which covers Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and Washington, as well as Alaska, Hawaii, American Samoa, Guam, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
Federal Reserve twelfth district identifier
identifier for the twelfth district of the Federal Reserve, which represents the district governed by the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco
Twelfth District of the Federal Reserve System
regulatory agency role of the Federal Stability Oversight Council (FSOC)
regulatory agency and self-regulatory organizational role of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA)
largest non-governmental regulator of securities firms in the United States, namely, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA)
Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC), which provides comprehensive monitoring of the stability of our nation's financial system, as established under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
The Council is charged with identifying risks to the financial stability of the United States; promoting market discipline; and responding to emerging risks to the stability of the United States' financial system. The Council consists of 10 voting members and 5 nonvoting members and brings together the expertise of federal financial regulators, state regulators, and an independent insurance expert appointed by the President.
a numbering system that allows a credit, debit, or other card to be identified as having been issued by a particular financial institution
IINs are issued directly by the American Banker's Association (ABA) in the US. The ABA is the Registration Authority (RA) for ISO/IEC 7812, which defines the IIN, in other words.
The issuer identification number (IIN) is a six digit number that is unique to a single card issuer. The number is only used to identify the card issuer, and is not used to identify a particular product, service, or region associated with the card issuer.
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts's Corporations Division
Massachusetts business registration identifier scheme
registration identifier scheme for business entity identifiers defined by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts's Corporations Division for the registration of business entities
Massachusetts business registration service
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Secretary of State, Corporations Division, service for the registration of business entities
registry of business entities for businesses that have registered with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Secretary of State
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Secretary of State, Corporations Division
Massachusetts Registration Authority Code
GLEIF Registration Authority List identifier for the Massachusetts Corporation Registry
National Information Center (NIC) registry entry
an entry in the the National Information Center (NIC) repository, a repository of financial data and institution characteristics collected by the Federal Reserve System
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC)
National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), the independent federal agency that regulates, charters and supervises federal credit unions
An independent agency of the federal government, the NCUA operates and manages the National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund (NCUSIF), insuring the deposits of more than 98 million account holders in all federal credit unions and the overwhelming majority of state-chartered credit unions.
national credit union insurer and regulator
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA)
National Information Center (NIC) Repository
National Information Center (NIC) repository, a repository of financial data and institution characteristics collected by the Federal Reserve System
The National Information Center (NIC)repository provides comprehensive information on banks and other institutions for which the Federal Reserve has a supervisory, regulatory, or research interest including both domestic and foreign banking organizations operating in the U.S.
New York State (NYS) business entities registry
New York State (NYS) Department of State, Division of Corporations, State Records and Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) registry of business entities
New York business registration identifier scheme
registration identifier scheme for business entity identifiers defined by the New York State (NYS) Department of State, Division of Corporations for the registration of business entities
State of New York business registration service
New York State (NYS) Department of State, Division of Corporations service for the registration of business entities
State of New York corporations regulator
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the State of New York's Division of Corporations
New York State (NYS) Department of State Division of Corporations
New York State (NYS) Department of State's Division of Corporations
GLEIF Registration Authority List identifier for the New York State (NYS) Department of State, Division of Corporations, State Records and Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) registry of business entities
non-depository trust company - member institution
non-depository trust company that is a member of the Federal Reserve system
non-depository trust company - non-member institution
non-depository trust company that is not a member of the Federal Reserve system
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
OCC, which charters, regulates, and supervises all national banks and federal savings associations as well as federal branches and agencies of foreign banks. The OCC is an independent bureau of the U.S. Department of the Treasury.
The mission of the OCC is to ensure that national banks and federal savings associations operate in a safe and sound manner, provide fair access to financial services, treat customers fairly, and comply with applicable laws and regulations.
OTS, which is a part of the OCC, responsible for chartering, regulating, and supervising all federal savings associations
registry of business entities for businesses that have registered with the Ohio Secretary of State
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the Ohio Secretary of State, Business Services Division
Ohio business registration identifier scheme
registration identifier scheme for business entity identifiers defined by the Ohio Secretary of State, Business Services Division for the registration of business entities
Ohio Secretary of State, Business Services Division service for the registration of business entities
Ohio Secretary of State, Business Services Division
GLEIF Registration Authority List identifier for the Ohio Business Filing Portal
federal regulatory agency that is designated as the main agency responsible for oversight of a given institution for an institution
Research, Statistics, Supervision and Regulation, and Discount and Credit identifier
unique identifier assigned by the Federal Reserve to financial institutions for regulatory and oversight purposes
unique nine digit identifier, used primarily in the United States, to identify a banking or other financial institution for clearing funds, and, as it appears on a check, denotes the banking institution that holds the account from which funds are to be drawn
Routing transit numbers are issued by Accuity on behalf of the American Bankers Association (ABA).
The ABA RTN was originally designed to facilitate the sorting, bundling, and shipment of paper checks back to the drawer's (check writer's) account. As new payment methods were developed (ACH and Wire), the system was expanded to accommodate these payment methods. The ABA RTN is necessary for the Federal Reserve Banks to process Fedwire funds transfers, and by the Automated Clearing House to process direct deposits, bill payments, and other such automated transfers.
independent commission established by the Securities Act of 1933 and Securities Exchange Act of 1934 whose mission is to protect investors, maintain fair, orderly, and efficient markets, and facilitate capital formation
The SEC oversees the key participants in the securities world, including securities exchanges, securities brokers and dealers, investment advisors, and mutual funds. Here the SEC is concerned primarily with promoting the disclosure of important market-related information, maintaining fair dealing, and protecting against fraud. Crucial to the SEC's effectiveness in each of these areas is its enforcement authority. Each year the SEC brings hundreds of civil enforcement actions against individuals and companies for violation of the securities laws. Typical infractions include insider trading, accounting fraud, and providing false or misleading information about securities and the companies that issue them. One of the major sources of information on which the SEC relies to bring enforcement action is investors themselves - another reason that educated and careful investors are so critical to the functioning of efficient markets. To help support investor education, the SEC offers the public a wealth of educational information on this Internet website, which also includes the EDGAR database of disclosure documents that public companies are required to file with the Commission. Though it is the primary overseer and regulator of the U.S. securities markets, the SEC works closely with many other institutions, including Congress, other federal departments and agencies, the self-regulatory organizations (e.g. the stock exchanges), state securities regulators, and various private sector organizations. In particular, the Chairman of the SEC, together with the Chairman of the Federal Reserve, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the Chairman of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, serves as a member of the President's Working Group on Financial Markets.
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
State of South Dakota registry of business information
South Dakota business registration identifier scheme
registration identifier scheme for business entity identifiers defined by the State of South Dakota, Secretary of State, Corporations Division for the registration of business entities
South Dakota business registration service
State of South Dakota, Secretary of State, Corporations Division service for the registration of business entities
South Dakota, Secretary of State Corporations Division
State of South Dakota's Corporations Division
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the State of South Dakota's Secretary of State, Corporations Division
South Dakota Registration Authority Code
GLEIF Registration Authority List identifier for the South Dakota Business Information Registry
formal organization that is an independent agency, instrumentality or other permanent or semi-permanent organization in the machinery of government of any one of the states or territories of the United States
state-chartered bank that is a member of the Federal Reserve System (FRS)
identification number used by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) in the administration of tax laws in the United States
A TIN must be furnished on returns, statements, and other tax related documents. For example a number must be furnished: - When filing tax returns. - When claiming treaty benefits. A TIN must be on a withholding certificate if the beneficial owner is claiming any of the following: - Tax treaty benefits (other than for income from marketable securities) - Exemption for effectively connected income - Exemption for certain annuities.
taxpayer identification numbering scheme
tax identification scheme used in the United States
regulatory agency and registration authority role of the Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS)
U.S. Department of the Treasury, the executive agency responsible for promoting economic prosperity and ensuring the financial security of the United States
The Department is responsible for a wide range of activities such as advising the President on economic and financial issues, encouraging sustainable economic growth, and fostering improved governance in financial institutions. The Department of the Treasury operates and maintains systems that are critical to the nation's financial infrastructure, such as the production of coin and currency, the disbursement of payments to the American public, revenue collection, and the borrowing of funds necessary to run the federal government. The Department works with other federal agencies, foreign governments, and international financial institutions to encourage global economic growth, raise standards of living, and to the extent possible, predict and prevent economic and financial crises. The Treasury Department also performs a critical and far-reaching role in enhancing national security by implementing economic sanctions against foreign threats to the U.S., identifying and targeting the financial support networks of national security threats, and improving the safeguards of our financial systems.
Uniform Bank Performance Report (UBPR) Repository
Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC)'s Uniform Bank Performance Report (UBPR) Repository, a repository of institution characteristics and analytical tool created for bank supervisory, examination, and management purposes
In a concise format, it shows the impact of management decisions and economic conditions on a bank's performance and balance-sheet composition. The performance and composition data contained in the report can be used as an aid in evaluating the adequacy of earnings, liquidity, capital, asset and liability management, and growth management. Bankers and examiners alike can use this report to further their understanding of a bank's financial condition, and through such understanding, perform their duties more effectively.
identifies the primary federal regulator for an institution
identifies an additional federal regulator, over and above the primary federal regulator, for an institution
party empowered as an official representative by a regulatory agency to investigate and review specified documents for accuracy and truthfulness
Black's Law Dictionary, see http://thelawdictionary.org/examiner/
grant of permission needed to legally perform some task, provide some service, exercise a certain privilege, or pursue some business or occupation
a scheme for organizing information and allocating identifiers to regulations
an identifier associated with a regulation
the capacity of some natural person to regulate some industry, organization, or product by virtue of some certification program on behalf of some regulatory agency
regulatory agency that has jurisdiction over the assessment, determination, collection, imposition and other aspects of any tax
container for records associated with a business arrangement for regular transactions and services
In general, an account is associated with a contractual relationship between a buyer and seller under which payment may be made at a later time. General ledger accounts are an exception to this, however, and typically do not have account holders, including internal account holders. They may, on the other hand, have responsible parties.
financial asset in the form of an account
An account holder is named on the account and is authorized to conduct transactions associated with the account. Authorization is typically evidenced by signatures maintained on file by the account provider.
Note that this concept of account holder applies to internal accounts that are non-general ledger accounts also have account holders, such as payroll accounts, internal checking accounts associated with cashier's checks, and so forth.
ISO 13616-1:2007 Financial services - International bank account number (IBAN)
party that provides and services an account
service-agreement that is account-specific, applicable in cases where a client might hold multiple accounts with differing terms and conditions
Customers of financial service providers frequently hold multiple accounts - brokerage accounts, checking and savings accounts, trust accounts, and so forth - which may have specific terms and conditions associated with them.
periodic summary of account activity for a given period of time
Common kinds of account statements include checking account statements, usually provided monthly, and brokerage account statements, which are provided monthly or quarterly, depending on the terms of the account agreement. Monthly credit card bills are also considered account statements.
event recognized by an entry in the records of an account
The balance is the net amount after factoring in all debits and credits, including service charges and fees.
identifier that identifies a demand deposit account provided by a bank
identifier that uniquely identifies the financial institution and, when appropriate, the branch of that financial institution servicing an account
identifier that uniquely identifies an individual account at a specific financial institution in a particular country and which includes a bank identifier of the financial institution servicing that account
account offered by a broker that allows the investor to deposit funds and place investment orders
The investor owns the assets contained in the brokerage account and must usually claim as income any capital gains incurred.
certificate of deposit
cash instrument associated with a time deposit account that cannot be withdrawn for a certain period of time (term)
When the term is over it can be withdrawn or it can be held for another term. The longer the term the better the yield on the money.
structured system of financial account codes used to classify, record, and organize an entity's financial transactions in accordance with applicable legal, regulatory, and reporting requirements
account close date, transaction record close date, and so forth
service involving the extension of credit to support business activities
Examples include operating lines of credit and term loans for property, plant and equipment (PP&E).
account that represents an identified, named collection of balances and cumulative totals used to summarize customer transaction-related activity over a designated period of time
non-interest-bearing deposit account in which deposits are payable immediately on demand, or that are issued with an original maturity or required notice period of less than seven days, or that represent funds for which the depository institution does not reserve the right to require at least seven days' written notice of an intended withdrawal
Demand deposits include any matured time deposits without automatic renewal provisions, unless the deposit agreement provides for the funds to be transferred at maturity to another type of account. Demand deposits do not include: (i) money market deposit accounts (MMDAs) or (ii) NOW accounts.
account that provides a record of money placed with a depository institution for safekeeping and management
Deposit accounts include savings accounts, money market accounts, and transactional accounts, such as demand deposit accounts, among others.
The account holder has the right to withdraw deposited funds, as set forth in the terms and conditions governing the account agreement. Deposit accounts may be insured up to a certain amount, depending on the jurisdiction.
organized collection of ledger accounts used to record and summarize changes in position as transactions are posted during an accounting period
event that has a monetary impact and is documented in the records associated with an account
identifier for a bank account that is an expanded version of the basic bank account number (BBAN), intended for use internationally
For an account in Switzerland, suppose that an example domestic account number is 762 1162-3852.957. Suppose further that the bank identifier portion of that domestic account number is 762, or normalized for the BBAN is '00762'. For that example, the corresponding BBAN is '00762011623852957' and IBAN is 'CH9300762011623852957'.
Note that international bank account numbers are formatted uniquely by country. A description of the country-specific formats is available from SWIFT (https://www.swift.com/), which is the ISO registrar for ISO 13616.
The IBAN structure is defined in ISO 13616-1 and consists of a two-letter ISO 3166-1 country code, followed by two check digits and up to thirty alphanumeric characters for a BBAN (Basic Bank Account Number) which has a fixed length per country and, included within it, a bank identifier with a fixed position and a fixed length per country. The check digits are calculated based on the scheme defined in ISO/IEC 7064 (MOD97-10).
account that provides a record of deposits of funds and/or securities held at a financial institution
The typical objectives of an investment account are to achieve long term growth, income or capital preservation from the deposited asset portfolio. Investment accounts are typically not insured.
account associated with a product or service that requires the account holder to provide funds for management by the account provider
The account holder may or may not be entitled to consideration in exchange for providing such funds, for example, interest, depending on the type of account and the terms and conditions associated with it. Also, there may be fees associated with management services provided by the account provider. Note too that this may be an internal account held on behalf of an institution or a customer account.
individual record for one element or sub-element in a ledger that records and summarizes increases, decreases, and balances associated with that specific element
Ledger accounts are internal to a legal entity's accounting system(s).
classification scheme used to organize an entity's financial accounts in accordance with applicable legal, regulatory, and reporting requirements
classifier used to organize an entity's financial accounts in accordance with applicable legal, regulatory, and reporting requirements
'Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting', September 2024, Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB).
classifier for ledger accounts used to track present rights of an entity to an economic benefit
A present right of an entity to an economic benefit entitles the entity to the economic benefit and the ability to restrict others' access to the benefit to which the entity is entitled. Assets are economic resources that an entity controls as a result of past events and that it expects to generate future economic benefits.
Assets commonly have features that help identify them - for example, assets may be contractual, tangible, exchangeable, or separable. However, those features are not essential characteristics of assets. Their absence is not sufficient to preclude an item from qualifying as an asset.
classifier for ledger accounts used to track the residual interest in the assets of an entity that remains after deducting its liabilities
classifier for ledger accounts used to track outflows or other using up of assets of an entity or incurrences of its liabilities (or a combination of both) from delivering or producing goods, rendering services, or carrying out other activities
classifier for ledger accounts used to track present obligations of an entity to transfer an economic benefit
Liabilities are obligations whose settlement is expected to involve transferring assets, providing services, or other outflows of resources.
Liabilities commonly have features that help identify them. For example, many liabilities require the obligated entity to pay cash to one or more identified other entities. Liabilities may not require an entity to pay cash but may require the entity to convey other assets, provide services, or transfer other economic benefits or to be ready to do so.
classifier for ledger accounts used to track inflows or other enhancements of assets of an entity or settlements of its liabilities (or a combination of both) from delivering or producing goods, rendering services, or carrying out other activities
corporate officer that has overarching responsibility for the relationship with a specific borrower or account
account associated with a service in which the account holder receives funds from the account provider under certain terms and conditions for repayment
Note that this may be an internal account held on behalf of an institution or a customer account, such as a line of credit account associated with an internal line of business.
any deposit account that is not explicitly considered a transaction account
Non-transaction accounts include: (a) savings deposits ((i) money market deposit accounts (MMDAs) and (ii) other savings deposits) and (b) time deposits ((i) time certificates of deposit and (ii) time deposits, open account).
date by which payment of the current outstanding balance, part thereof, or a minimum amount due must be made to the creditor
date that determines in which posting period a document or journal entry is added to an account record
responsible party who manages a client's account and oversees their relationship with the service provider
time deposit account that allows deposits evidenced by a negotiable or nonnegotiable instrument, or a deposit in book entry form evidenced by a receipt or similar acknowledgement issued by the bank, that provides, on its face, that the amount of such deposit is payable to the bearer, to any specified person, or to the order of a specified person, as follows: (1) on a certain date not less than seven days after the date of deposit, (2) at the expiration of a specified period not less than seven days after the date of the deposit, or (3) upon written notice to the bank which is to be given not less than seven days before the date of withdrawal.
deposit account that the depositor does not have a right, and is not permitted, to make withdrawals from within six days after the date of deposit unless the deposit is subject to an early withdrawal penalty of at least seven days' simple interest on amounts withdrawn within the first six days after deposit
A time deposit from which partial early withdrawals are permitted must impose additional early withdrawal penalties of at least seven days' simple interest on amounts withdrawn within six days after each partial withdrawal. If such additional early withdrawal penalties are not imposed, the account ceases to be a time deposit. The account may become a savings deposit if it meets the requirements for a savings deposit; otherwise it becomes a demand deposit.
time deposit account that allows deposits (other than time certificates of deposit) for which there is in force a written contract with the depositor that neither the whole nor any part of such deposit may be withdrawn prior to (1) the date of maturity, which shall be not less than seven days after the date of the deposit, or (2) the expiration of a specified period of written notice of not less than seven days
high-level classifier for an individual transaction
date on which a specific transaction was initiated
deposit account from which the depositor / account holder is permitted to make transfers or withdrawals by negotiable / transferable instruments, payment orders of withdrawal, telephone transfers, and so forth, and that may be accessible via an electronic device such as an automated teller machine (ATM), remote service unit (RSU), mobile device, and by debit card
Excluded from transaction accounts are savings deposits (both money market deposit accounts (MMDAs) and other savings deposits), even though such deposits permit some third-party transfers. However, an account that otherwise meets the definition of a savings deposit but that authorizes or permits the depositor to exceed the transfer limitations specified for that account shall be reported as a transaction account.
identifier for an individual transaction associated with an account
record of transactions associated with an account
The date a particular transaction record is closed typically corresponds to (and may precede) the date the account is closed, though in the case of certain accounts, such as a credit card account, if a customer is issued a new account or card number due to loss, fraud, or for some other reason, it is possible that multiple transaction records would be associated with the account. In that case, the close date might correspond to the date that a hold was placed on the original account.
unique identifier for record of transactions
second-level classifier for a transaction, e.g., direct deposit, check, cash advance, withdrawal, payment, purchase, and so forth
indicates the account to which the transaction record or individual transaction applies
relates an account to the net amount of money available in that account
relates something to the date that it was closed
relates a credit agreement to an account used as the basis for managing transactions
relates an account statement to the amount of money available in that account at the end of the statement period
relates something to the date that it was created
indicates the date by which payment of some amount must be made to the creditor
indicates the date that the transaction was posted to the account
relates an account to a client or customer that is considered the primary owner of the account
Note that for many financial institutions, there must be a client or customer designated as the primary owner. In cases where there is a tax identifier associated with the account, it is that of the primary owner.
relates an account to a client or customer that is considered a secondary, co-owner of the account
relates an account statement to the amount of money available in that account at the beginning of the statement period
indicates the date on which the transaction actually occurred
provides a textual description of the transaction
indicates the status of the transaction record
indicates the merchant (seller) involved in the transaction
connects a given customer account to another customer account
links an account statement to the individual transactions it documents
agreement that designates a party as a registered agent to represent and act on behalf of another party in some, typically legal, financial, or medical capacity
registered agent (person or organization) designated by a business entity, such as a corporation, to receive legal correspondence on behalf of the business entity in the jurisdiction in which the agent's address is located
The person may be an officer of the corporation or a third party, such as the corporation's attorney, or a company providing such agency services.
stage in the lifecycle of a trade indicating that a change or addition has been made to the terms of the trade, leaving the original terms largely intact
collection of goods, services, or other things (e.g., financial contracts) that can be purchased and sold in some marketplace
A basket may be associated with a specific market sector, and may be delineated for the purposes of statistical analysis, such as for calculating CPI. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), with respect to the CPI, a market basket is a package of goods and services that consumers purchase for day-to-day living. The weight of each item is based on the amount of expenditure reported by a sample of households.
From a securities perspective, a basket is a collection of products or securities that are designated to mimic the performance of a market. For investors, the market basket is the principal idea behind index funds, which are essentially a broad sample of stocks, bonds or other securities in the market; this provides investors with a benchmark against which to compare their investment returns.
any party that acts as an intermediary between a buyer and a seller, usually charging a commission
17 CFR 45.1, Definitions - see the definition of agent
A broker that specializes in stocks, bonds, commodities, or certain derivatives must be registered with the exchange in which the securities are traded.
any party in the business of buying and selling securities, operating as both a broker and a dealer, depending on the transaction
publication including a list of products available for sale with their descriptions and possibly prices
stage in the lifecycle of a trade indicating that a third-party clearing house, acting as an intermediary, has reconciled the orders involved in the trade
Clearing validates the availability of funds, records the transfer, and in the case of securities ensures the delivery of the security to the buyer.
stage in the lifecycle of a trade indicating that the trade has been finalized, and that there is no longer a corresponding open position on the books of the trader, eliminating any exposure
lifecycle of an agreement, including, but not limited to a credit agreement, financial instrument, or other formal contract, from initial stages through retirement
Certain business agreements, such as partnership agreements,may involve planning, drafting/review/revision, execution and management, renewal, and possibly sunsetting phases. Financial contracts, such as loans and other instruments have specific stages and events during the execution and management phase, i.e. from the effective date of the contract through maturity and redemption.
kind of event that occurs during one or more stages of the lifecycle of an agreement
a call notification or coupon payment as a part of a bond lifecycle
actual occurrence of an event during a specific stage of a specific contract lifecycle
realization of the lifecycle of a specific contract
realization, from start to finish of a phase in an occurrence of a specific contract lifecycle
any party that purchases goods or services for resale and acts on their own behalf in a transaction
A dealer is a counterparty or principal in the transaction with the customer.
the extent to which an individual or organization is unprotected and open to damage, danger, risk of suffering a loss, or uncertainty
Examples include financial exposure, credit exposure, legal exposure, credit rating exposure, reputational exposure, and so forth.
the extent to which an individual or organization is open to risk of suffering a loss in a transaction, or with respect to some investment or set of investments, e.g., some holding; the amount one stands to lose in that transaction or investment
Examples in banking include the total amount of unsecured loans, the amount of loans advanced to a single borrower, group, industry, or country, and the probability of loss from devaluation, revaluation, or foreign exchange fluctuations.
any financial service in which a third party (the intermediary) matches lenders and investors with entrepreneurs and other borrowers in need of capital
Often investors and borrowers do not have precisely matching needs, and the intermediary's capital is put at risk to transform the credit risk and maturity of the liabilities to meet the needs of investors.
product provided to consumers and businesses by financial institutions such as banks, insurance companies, brokerage firms, consumer finance companies, and investment companies
catalog of financial products and/or services available for sale with their description and other product details
service provided to consumers and businesses by financial institutions such as banks, insurance companies, brokerage firms, consumer finance companies, and investment companies
functional entity either licensed to provide financial services to consumers and/or businesses or established by law to provide financial services, such as a central bank
real or personal property (assets), including but not limited to financial assets, to which one holds title and of which one has possession
Note that a holding may refer to a single asset, such as a piece of real estate, a portfolio of assets, multiple portfolios, and so forth, and is frequently aggregated over multiple assets.
any party that has been legally empowered to act on behalf of another party
any individual who is licensed to perform a legally binding function, and who has been legally empowered to act on behalf of another party
Insurance agents, realtors, financial advisors, certain attorneys, and brokers are examples of legal agents.
stage in the lifecycle of a trade indicating that the trade, and related instrument(s) has ended (expired)
party that receives an offer from something from someone (i.e., an offerer) based on the terms of the offering
expression of interest in providing something to someone that is contingent upon acceptance, forbearance, or some other consideration, as might be desired by an offeree(s)
The making of an offer is the first of three steps in the traditional process of forming a valid contract: an offer, an acceptance of the offer, and an exchange of consideration. (Consideration is the act of doing something or promising to do something that a person is not legally required to do, or the forbearance or the promise to forbear from doing something that he or she has the legal right to do.)
An offering may or may not be considered a 'state of affairs' or situation, depending on the circumstances. In some cases such as a prospectus or other offering in the context of financial services, an offering may also be classified as a situation. Users may choose to model an individual offering as both an offering and situation, depending on the circumstances, in other words.
party that proposes to make something available to someone (i.e., an offeree) based on the terms of the offering
stage in the lifecycle of a trade indicating that the trade has been established and there is an associated open position on the books of the trader as a consequence
investor's stake, i.e., a holding, in a particular asset (such as an individual security)
A position can be long or short, and it can be in any asset class, such as stocks, bonds, futures, or options. A position can be open (current) or closed (past), but in general use, unless a position is specifically referred to as closed, the assumption is that it references an open position.
lifecycle specific to a product or product family
The product life cycle describes the period of time over which an item is developed, brought to market and eventually removed from the market. The cycle is broken into four stages: introduction, growth, maturity and decline. The idea of the product life cycle is used in marketing to decide when it is appropriate to advertise, reduce prices, explore new markets or create new packaging.
kind of event that occurs during one or more stages of a product lifecycle
actual occurrence of an event that happens during a specific stage of a specific product lifecycle
realization of the lifecycle of a specific product
research and development phase of a product lifecycle or the introduction phase in a marketing lifecycle, growth stage in an economic lifecycle for a product
realization of a specific stage in the lifecycle of a given product
legal agent designated by some party to represent them and act on their behalf under a formal agency agreement
Agency capacity, as specified in an agency agreement, may include power of attorney, the ability to act as an agent in certain kinds of transactions such as real estate, tax, audit or other financial or legal transactions, as a fiduciary, including as a trustee or legal guardian, for service of process, and so forth.
commodity under the jurisdiction of the regulatory agency, such as the Commodities Futures Trading Commission (CFTF) in the United States, which includes any commodity traded in an organized contracts market
The CFTC polices matters of information and disclosure, fair trading practices, registration of firms and individuals, protection of customer funds, record keeping, and maintenance of orderly options and futures markets in the United States.
contract terms that define the commitment to and mechanism for settling one or more sides of a transaction
In general, settlement involves arrangement of disposition of property, typically for legal reasons. With respect to financial transactions, it involves completion of a trade, either between brokers or agents, or between a broker and client. This may include settlement in cash, either for the entire transaction or for the cash leg of a transaction, either now or at some specified time in the future.
stage in the trade lifecycle in which the trade has been terminated early, i.e., prior to maturity
Early termination may be triggered by a position sell or early termination provision, such as auto call/cancel, knock-out, etc.
any service provider that is licensed to perform a legally binding function and has been legally empowered to act on behalf of another party
Note that third-party agent is defined as a service provider (organization) acting in an agency capacity, such as a law firm, accountancy, or investment bank. This is distinct from the concept of an individual (licensed agent), for example one who works for a broker-dealer, that is a registered agent licensed to sell securities.
situation that realizes an agreement between parties participating in a voluntary action of buying and selling goods and services
Deutsche Bank Presentation on the Lifecycle of a Trade, available at http://www.slideshare.net/ahaline/23512555-tradelifecycle
The advent of money as a medium of exchange has allowed trade to be conducted in a manner that is much simpler and effective compared to earlier forms of trade, such as bartering. In financial markets, trading also can mean performing a transaction that involves the selling and purchasing of a security.
The seller must deliver the commodity sold to the buyer; the buyer must pay the agreed purchase price, which could be in the form of other goods or services, on the agreed date.
Trading activities typically include (a) regularly underwriting or dealing in securities; interest rate, foreign exchange rate, commodity, equity, and credit derivative contracts; other financial instruments; and other assets for resale, (b) acquiring or taking positions in such items principally for the purpose of selling in the near term or otherwise with the intent to resell in order to profit from short-term price movements, and (c) acquiring or taking positions in such items as an accommodation to customers or for other trading purposes. (Source: Instructions for Preparation of Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income (FFIEC 031 and 041), Schedule RC-D - Trading Assets and Liabilities, 2013.
sequence of characters identifying a trade within some context
Note that a given trade may consist of multiple transactions, and thus there may be multiple identifiers for such transactions associated with a specific trade.
lifecycle that defines the evolution of a trade, from initiation through settlement
The trade life cycle covers the period of time over which a trade is initiated, typically as a part of a broader deal, is consumated, processed and executed, is settled or closed for other reasons, and is reported. Parts of a trade lifecycle may include or overlap with the lifecycle of one or more contracts.
kind of event that occurs during one or more stages of the lifecycle of a trade
realization of an event that happens during a specific stage of a specific trade lifecycle
realization of the lifecycle for a specific trade
realization of a phase in the lifecycle of a specific trade
party that engages in the transfer of financial assets in any financial market on behalf of a client or the financial services provider
approach used for buying and selling in the securities markets
A trading strategy is a plan whose aim is to make a profit or hedge against risk, based on rules and other criteria used when making trading decisions. A trading strategy may be simple or complex, and involve considerations such as investment style (e.g., value vs. growth), market cap, technical indicators, fundamental analysis, industry sector, level of portfolio diversification, time horizon or holding period, risk tolerance, leverage, tax considerations, and so on.
sequence of characters identifying a financial transaction uniquely whenever useful and agreed by the parties or community involved in the transaction
Harmonization of the Unique Transaction Identifier - Technical Guidance, 20 Feb 2017, described in https://www.bis.org/cpmi/publ/d158.pdf
ISO 23897:2020, Financial services - Unique transaction identifier (UTI)
In particular, a UTI will help to ensure the consistent aggregation of OTC derivatives and other securities transactions by minimising the likelihood that the same transaction will be counted more than once (for instance, because it is reported by more than one counterparty to a transaction, or to more than one trade repository (TR)).
basket whose constituents have some relative importance with respect to one another
component of a basket whose relative importance with respect to other basket constituents is known
acts as an enabler in a situation in which an event, a task, a conversation or something else occurs
specifies a legal entity that generates something
specifies an identifier for the entity that generated a unique transaction identifier
Note that the range of is identified by must be that entity's LEI in the context of a UTI.
identifies a party as one that has the legal, medical or financial capacity to act on behalf of someone else under specific circumstances
indicates the base number of units of something associated with some offering
relates something to a voluntary but conditional promise submitted by a buyer or seller (offeror) to another (offeree) for acceptance, and which becomes legally enforceable if accepted by the offeree
indicates the notional monetary amount, determined based on reference data, market rates or some other agreed method associated with some offering
indicates the price associated with an offering, which may be an explicit or calculated price
indicates the actual number of units of something, including any premium on the number of units, associated with some offering
indicates the person(s) or organization(s) responsible for determining the contents of a basket
describes the methodology or program used to determine the membership of a collection
indicates the date by which an executed order or transaction must be settled
Settlement might involve either a buyer paying in cash or a seller delivering the relevant instrument(s) and receiving the proceeds as specified by the terms of a given transaction.
indicates the date on which a security or other instrument-specific trade actually takes place
identifies the representation or tangible form of something in some context
identifies someone or something that expedites some event, transaction, conversation or something else in some context
relates an offering to one or things that are the subject of the offer
capital contributed in excess of the par value (stated value) of the ownership interest issued
earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization
measure of potential cash flow that excludes the effects of capital structure, taxes and non-cash expenses
By stripping out the non-cash depreciation and amortization expense as well as taxes and debt costs dependent on the capital structure, EBITDA attempts to represent cash profit generated by the company's operations. EBITDA is not a metric recognized under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). Some public companies report EBITDA in their quarterly results along with adjusted EBITDA figures typically excluding additional costs, such as stock-based compensation.
EBITDA is often used as a proxy for cash flow, as it shows how much cash a company can generate from its core operations. However, EBITDA has some limitations, such as ignoring the cost of maintaining and replacing capital assets, and being susceptible to manipulation by excluding certain expenses.
non-physical, tangible asset whose value is derived from a contractual claim, such as bank deposits, bonds, stocks, rights, certificates, and bank balances
Financial assets are typically more liquid than other tangible assets, such as commodities or real estate. Financial assets may not cover all assets that might be included on a balance sheet, and do not include tangible, physical assets or intangible assets such as intellectual property.
income
revenue received during a period of time
Income includes cash or cash equivalent(s) received during some period of time in exchange for labor or services, from the sale of goods or property, or as receipts from financial investments.
owners' equity
owners' share in a business plus operating profit
Owner's equity is represented by capital investments and accumulated earnings less any dividends or other financial obligations. It is typically used to talk about equity in a business, but may also refer to the net assets of a pool or special purpose vehicle.
capital
contributed capital
assets received from investors in exchange for an ownership interest
tangible asset that has a material form, such as property, equipment, and inventory
Physical (tangible) assets are real items of value that are used to generate revenue for a company.
net profits kept to accumulate in a business after dividends are paid
If the corporation takes a loss, then that loss is retained and called variously retained losses, accumulated losses or accumulated deficit. Retained earnings and losses are cumulative from year to year with losses offsetting earnings.
equity that is manifested in the form of shares in an entity, fund or structured product
amount of readily available cash in banknotes and coins
This is an actual sum of money, not the measure of a sum of money in monetary units, although it has the same basic properties (decimal number with a currenct unit).
medium of exchange value, defined by reference to the geographical location of the monetary authorities responsible for it
Codes for the representation of currencies and funds, ISO 4217, Eighth edition, 2015-08-01, section 3.2
selected group of currencies, in which the weighted average is used as a measure of the value or the amount of an obligation
A currency basket functions as a benchmark for regional currency movements; its composition and weighting depends on its purpose.
sequence of characters representing some currency
The first (left-most) two characters of the ISO 4217 3-letter currency identifier relate to the currency authority that issues the currency, and is, in most cases the ISO 3166-1 alpha 2 code for the geopolitical entity whose central bank is the issuer. The third (right-most) character of the identifier (alphabetic code) is an indicator derived from the name of the major currency unit or fund. If the currency is not associated with a single geographical entity as described in ISO 3166-1, typically a specially allocated identifier (alpha-2 code) is used to describe the currency authority. This code has been allocated by the Maintenance Agency from within the user-assigned range of codes XA to XZ specified in 8.1.3 of ISO 3166-1:2013. The character following X will be a mnemonic, where possible, derived from the name of the geographical area concerned.
rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another
The exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and British pound is distinct from the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the euro.
artificial currency used as calculation basis for another currency(s) and accounting purposes
Codes for the representation of currencies and funds, ISO 4217, Eighth edition, 2015-08-01, section 3.3
sequence of characters that can be used to uniquely identify funds
amount charged, expressed as a percentage of principal, in exchange for the use of assets
Interest rates are typically noted on an annual basis, known as the annual percentage rate (APR). The assets borrowed could include cash, consumer goods, and large assets such as a vehicle or building. The rate is derived by dividing the amount of interest by the amount of principal borrowed. Interest rates are quoted on bills, notes, bonds, credit cards, and many kinds of consumer and business loans.
measure that is an amount of money specified in monetary units
price that that is expressed as a monetary amount
As the consideration given in exchange for transfer of ownership, price forms the essential basis of commercial transactions. It may be fixed by a contract, left to be determined by an agreed upon formula at a future date, or discovered or negotiated during the course of dealings between the parties involved. In commerce, price is determined by what (1) a buyer is willing to pay, (2) a seller is willing to accept, and (3) the competition is allowing to be charged.
measure of some amount of money expressed as a percentage of some other amount, some notional amount or some concrete money amount
metal that is considered to be rare and/or have a high economic value
sequence of characters uniquely identifying the precious metal in some context
amount of money, goods, or services requested, expected, required, or given in exchange for something else
nominal monetary unit of measure used to represent the real value (or cost) of any economic item; i.e. goods, services, assets, liabilities, income, expenses
sequence of characters that can be used to uniquely identify a nominal monetary unit
monetary price expressed in relation to a well-known measurable unit by which the goods or services are allocated
For example, gold is commonly measured in troy ounces, grams, etc., and oil is measured in terms of barrels.
specifies a unit of currency representing R units of the dealt currency, where R is the exchange rate value, in an exchange rate
specifies the medium of exchange value in which something, such as a monetary amount is denominated
specifies a unit of currency representing the exchanged (target) currency in an exchange rate; R units of this currency represent one unit of the base currency
indicates the type of funds, such as next day for US funds
relates a code for the minor unit of currency to the currency or fund
Requirements sometimes arise for values to be expressed in terms of minor units of currency. When this occurs, it is necessary to know the decimal relationship that exists between the currency concerned and its minor unit. - 0 means that there is no minor unit for the currency; - 1, 2, and 3 signify a ratio of 10 to 1, 100 to 1 and 1000 to 1 respectively.
specifies a value for something in terms of an amount of money and the currency in which it is denoted
has a generally unchangeable value used for certain calculations, expressed as some monetary amount
For certain kinds of derivative instruments, including but not limited to swaps, the notional amount indicates face amount of a swap upon which the payment streams for that swap are based. While this is typically constant throughout the lifetime of a contract, it can be accreting, amortizing, or custom, such as in the case of a notional step schedule.
The notional amount (or notional principal amount or notional value) on a financial instrument is typically the face amount used to calculate payments made on that instrument. This amount generally does not change and is thus referred to as notional. When applied to a swap this is the amount used for calculating the actual value of the interest due. Also known as notional value when describing derivative contracts in the options, futures, and currency markets, this term is often used to value the underlying asset in a derivatives trade. It can be the total value of a position, how much value a position controls, or an agreed-upon amount in a contract. An example is that a firm might have a variable rate loan on $100,000 but decide to swap only $40,000. The $40,000 is the notional amount of the swap and becomes the amount on which interest is paid.
relates a numeric code to something, such as a currency or fund
In the case of currency codes, the numeric currency code is derived, where possible, from the United Nations Standard Country or Area Code. Additional codes to meet special requirements (as described in 5.1.3) and in respect of funds will be allocated as necessary from within the user-assigned range of codes 950 to 998. Funds codes are allocated in descending order commencing at 998.
indicates the value of something expressed as an amount of money or goods
has a value for a rate expressed as a number (may be a percentage or raw number)
links a price to something it provides a value for
the ADB Unit of Account
the currency identifier for UAE Dirham
the currency identifier for Afghani
the currency identifier for Lek
the currency identifier for Armenian Dram
the currency identifier for Netherlands Antillean Guilder
the currency identifier for Kwanza
the currency identifier for Argentine Peso
the currency identifier for Australian Dollar
the currency identifier for Aruban Florin
the currency identifier for Azerbaijan Manat
the currency Afghani
the currency Algerian Dinar
the currency Argentine Peso
the currency Armenian Dram
the currency Aruban Florin
the currency Australian Dollar
the currency Azerbaijan Manat
the currency identifier for Convertible Mark
the currency identifier for Barbados Dollar
the currency identifier for Taka
the currency identifier for Bulgarian Lev
the currency identifier for Bahraini Dinar
the currency identifier for Burundi Franc
the currency identifier for Bermudian Dollar
the currency identifier for Brunei Dollar
the currency identifier for Boliviano
the funds identifier for Mvdol
the currency identifier for Brazilian Real
the currency identifier for Bahamian Dollar
the currency identifier for Ngultrum
the currency identifier for Pula
the currency identifier for Belarusian Ruble
the currency identifier for Belize Dollar
the currency Bahamian Dollar
the currency Bahraini Dinar
the currency Baht
the currency Balboa
the currency Barbados Dollar
the currency Belarusian Ruble
the currency Belize Dollar
the currency Bermudian Dollar
the currency Boliviano
the currency Bolívar Soberano
The Bolívar Soberano (VES) is redenominated by removing six zeros from the denominations. A new currency code VED/926 representing the new valuation (1,000,000 times old VES/928) is introduced on 1 October 2021 for any internal needs during the redenomination process, but is not replacing VES as the official currency code. The Central Bank of Venezuela will not adopt the new codes in the local system, VES/928 remains in use. The actual currency code VES/928 remains the valid code after 1 October 2021 to use in any future transactions to indicate the redenominated Bolívar Soberano.
Bond Markets Unit European Composite Unit (EURCO)
the Bond Markets Unit European Composite Unit (EURCO)
Bond Markets Unit European Monetary Unit (E.M.U.-6)
the Bond Markets Unit European Monetary Unit (E.M.U.-6)
Bond Markets Unit European Unit of Account 17 (E.U.A.-17)
the Bond Markets Unit European Unit of Account 17 (E.U.A.-17)
Bond Markets Unit European Unit of Account 9 (E.U.A.-9)
the Bond Markets Unit European Unit of Account 9 (E.U.A.-9)
the currency Brazilian Real
the currency Brunei Dollar
the currency Bulgarian Lev
the currency Burundi Franc
the currency identifier for Canadian Dollar
the currency identifier for Congolese Franc
the currency CFA Franc BCEAO
the currency CFA Franc BEAC
the currency CFP Franc
the funds identifier for WIR Euro
the currency identifier for Swiss Franc
the funds identifier for WIR Franc
the funds identifier for Unidad de Fomento
the currency identifier for Chilean Peso
the currency identifier for Yuan Renminbi
the currency identifier for Colombian Peso
the funds identifier for Unidad de Valor Real
the currency identifier for Costa Rican Colon
the currency identifier for Peso Convertible
the currency identifier for Cuban Peso
the currency identifier for Cabo Verde Escudo
the currency identifier for Czech Koruna
the currency Cabo Verde Escudo
the currency Canadian Dollar
the currency Cayman Islands Dollar
the currency Chilean Peso
the currency Colombian Peso
the currency Comorian Franc
the currency Congolese Franc
the currency Convertible Mark
the currency Cordoba Oro
the currency Costa Rican Colon
the currency Cuban Peso
the currency Czech Koruna
the currency identifier for Djibouti Franc
the currency identifier for Danish Krone
the currency identifier for Dominican Peso
the currency identifier for Algerian Dinar
the currency Dalasi
the currency Danish Krone
the currency Denar
the currency Djibouti Franc
the currency Dobra
the currency Dominican Peso
the currency Dong
the currency identifier for Egyptian Pound
the currency identifier for Nakfa
the currency identifier for Ethiopian Birr
the currency identifier for Euro
the currency East Caribbean Dollar
the currency Egyptian Pound
the currency El Salvador Colon
the currency Ethiopian Birr
the currency Euro
the currency identifier for Fiji Dollar
the currency identifier for Falkland Islands Pound
the currency Falkland Islands Pound
the currency Fiji Dollar
the currency Forint
the currency identifier for Pound Sterling
the currency identifier for Lari
the currency identifier for Ghana Cedi
the currency identifier for Gibraltar Pound
the currency identifier for Dalasi
the currency identifier for Guinean Franc
the currency identifier for Quetzal
the currency identifier for Guyana Dollar
the currency Ghana Cedi
the currency Gibraltar Pound
the currency whose unit is one troy ounce of the precious metal Gold
the currency Gourde
the currency Guarani
the currency Guinean Franc
the currency Guyana Dollar
the currency identifier for Hong Kong Dollar
the currency identifier for Lempira
the currency identifier for Kuna
the currency identifier for Gourde
the currency identifier for Forint
the currency Hong Kong Dollar
the currency Hryvnia
the currency identifier for Rupiah
the currency identifier for New Israeli Sheqel
the currency identifier for Indian Rupee
the currency identifier for Iraqi Dinar
the currency identifier for Iranian Rial
the currency identifier for Iceland Krona
the set of currency identifiers that comprise the ISO 4217 specification
the currency Iceland Krona
the currency Indian Rupee
the currency Iranian Rial
the currency Iraqi Dinar
the currency identifier for Jamaican Dollar
the currency identifier for Jordanian Dinar
the currency identifier for Yen
the currency Jamaican Dollar
the currency Jordanian Dinar
the currency identifier for Kenyan Shilling
the currency identifier for Som
the currency identifier for Riel
the currency identifier for Comorian Franc
the currency identifier for North Korean Won
the currency identifier for Won
the currency identifier for Kuwaiti Dinar
the currency identifier for Cayman Islands Dollar
the currency identifier for Tenge
the currency Kenyan Shilling
the currency Kina
the currency Kuna
Effective 1 Jan 2023, Croatia will use the Euro as its primary currency. The Kuna (HRK) and Euro (EUR) will be used during the parallel circulation period from 1 January 2023 to 14 January 2023 inclusive. The period of mandatory dual price display lasts from 5 September 2022 to 31 December 2023. As of 1 January 2023, the Kuna should be listed as the old/historic currency of Croatia. The exchange rate is fixed at EUR 1 = HRK 7.53450
The Kuna (HRK) will be retained in FIBO at least through 2023 due to the possibility of dual listing and to support instrument pricing that predated this change.
the currency Kuwaiti Dinar
the currency Kwanza
the currency Kyat
the currency identifier for Lao Kip
the currency identifier for Lebanese Pound
the currency identifier for Sri Lanka Rupee
the currency identifier for Liberian Dollar
the currency identifier for Loti
the currency identifier for Libyan Dinar
the currency Lao Kip
the currency Lari
the currency Lebanese Pound
the currency Lek
the currency Lempira
the currency Leone
The Sierra Leonean LEONE (SLL) is redenominated by removing three (3) zeros from the denominations. A new currency code SLE/925 representing the new valuation (1,000 times old SLL/694) is introduced on 1st April 2022 for any internal needs during the redenomination process, and is replacing SLL as the official currency code, after the transition period to be determined. During this transition period, both the old Leone and new Leone will be in physical circulation for at least 90 days. The Bank of Sierra Leone will adopt the new code in the local system but SLL/694 shall remain in use until further notice. The Sierra Leonean currency shall continue to be the LEONE and this will not change after redenomination.
the currency Liberian Dollar
the currency Libyan Dinar
the currency Lilangeni
the currency Loti
the currency identifier for Moroccan Dirham
the currency identifier for Moldovan Leu
the currency identifier for Malagasy Ariary
the currency identifier for Denar
the currency identifier for Kyat
the currency identifier for Tugrik
the currency identifier for Pataca
the currency identifier for Ouguiya
the currency identifier for Mauritius Rupee
the currency identifier for Rufiyaa
the currency identifier for Malawi Kwacha
the currency identifier for Mexican Peso
the funds identifier for Mexican Unidad de Inversion (UDI)
the currency identifier for Malaysian Ringgit
the currency identifier for Mozambique Metical
the currency Malagasy Ariary
the currency Malawi Kwacha
the currency Malaysian Ringgit
the currency Mauritius Rupee
the currency Mexican Peso
the funds Mexican Unidad de Inversion (UDI)
The UDI is an inflation adjusted mechanism set by the Central Bank of Mexico according to the variation in the Mexican Consumer Price Index. The value of the UDI is expressed in terms of Mexican Pesos per UDI. It is used to denominate mortgage loans, some bank deposits with maturities of 3 month or more and Government bonds (UDIBONOS).
the currency Moldovan Leu
the currency Moroccan Dirham
the currency Mozambique Metical
the funds Mvdol
For indexation purposes and denomination of certain financial instruments (e.g. treasury bills). The Mvdol is set daily by the Central Bank of Bolivia based on the official USD/BOB rate.
the currency identifier for Namibia Dollar
the currency identifier for Naira
the currency identifier for Cordoba Oro
the currency identifier for Norwegian Krone
the currency identifier for Nepalese Rupee
the currency identifier for New Zealand Dollar
the currency Naira
the currency Nakfa
the currency Namibia Dollar
the currency Nepalese Rupee
the currency Netherlands Antillean Guilder
the currency New Israeli Sheqel
the currency New Taiwan Dollar
the currency New Zealand Dollar
the currency Ngultrum
the currency North Korean Won
the currency Norwegian Krone
the currency identifier for Rial Omani
the currency Ouguiya
the currency identifier for Balboa
the currency identifier for Sol
the currency identifier for Kina
the currency identifier for Philippine Peso
the currency identifier for Pakistan Rupee
the currency identifier for Zloty
the currency identifier for Guarani
the currency Paʻanga
the currency Pakistan Rupee
the currency whose unit is one troy ounce of the precious metal Palladium
the currency Pataca
the currency Peso Convertible
the currency Peso Uruguayo
the currency Philippine Peso
the currency whose unit is one troy ounce of the precious metal Platinum
the currency Pound Sterling
the currency Pula
the currency identifier for Qatari Rial
the currency Qatari Rial
the currency Quetzal
the currency identifier for Romanian Leu
the currency identifier for Serbian Dinar
the currency identifier for Russian Ruble
the currency identifier for Rwanda Franc
the currency Rand
the currency Rial Omani
the currency Riel
the currency Romanian Leu
the currency Rufiyaa
the currency Rupiah
the currency Russian Ruble
the currency Rwanda Franc
the currency identifier for Saudi Riyal
the currency identifier for Solomon Islands Dollar
the currency identifier for Seychelles Rupee
the currency identifier for Sudanese Pound
the IMF's SDR (Special Drawing Right)
the currency identifier for Swedish Krona
the currency identifier for Singapore Dollar
the currency identifier for Saint Helena Pound
the currency identifier for Leone
the currency identifier for Somali Shilling
the currency identifier for Surinam Dollar
the currency identifier for South Sudanese Pound
the currency identifier for Dobra
the currency identifier for El Salvador Colon
the currency identifier for Syrian Pound
the currency identifier for Lilangeni
the currency Saint Helena Pound
the currency Saudi Riyal
the currency Serbian Dinar
the currency Seychelles Rupee
the currency whose unit is one troy ounce of the precious metal Silver
the currency Singapore Dollar
the currency Sol
the currency Solomon Islands Dollar
the currency Som
the currency Somali Shilling
the currency Somoni
the currency South Sudanese Pound
the currency Sri Lanka Rupee
the currency Sucre
the currency Sudanese Pound
the currency Surinam Dollar
the currency Swedish Krona
the currency Swiss Franc
the currency Syrian Pound
the currency identifier for Baht
the currency identifier for Somoni
the currency identifier for Turkmenistan New Manat
the currency identifier for Tunisian Dinar
the currency identifier for Paʻanga
the currency identifier for Turkish Lira
the currency identifier for Trinidad and Tobago Dollar
the currency identifier for New Taiwan Dollar
the currency identifier for Tanzanian Shilling
the currency Taka
the currency Tala
the currency Tanzanian Shilling
the currency Tenge
the currency Trinidad and Tobago Dollar
the currency Tugrik
the currency Tunisian Dinar
the currency Turkish Lira
the currency Turkmenistan New Manat
the currency UAE Dirham
the currency identifier for Hryvnia
the currency identifier for Uganda Shilling
the currency identifier for US Dollar
the currency US Dollar
the funds US Dollar (Next day)
"Next day" funds are immediately available for transfer in like funds, and, subject to settlement, available the next business day for same day funds transfer or withdrawal in cash.
the funds identifier for US Dollar (Next day)
the funds identifier for Uruguay Peso en Unidades Indexadas (UI)
the currency identifier for Peso Uruguayo
the currency identifier for Unidad Previsional
the currency identifier for Uzbekistan Sum
the currency Uganda Shilling
the funds Unidad Previsional
The Unidad Previsional (UP) is a daily accounting unit that tracks changes to the nominal wage index. The value of UP is expressed in terms of Uruguayan Pesos per UP, with the initial value of one peso (UYU 1.00) on 04/30/2018. The institution responsible for the calculation and publication is the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (National Bureau of Statistics) according to Law 19,608.
the funds Unidad de Fomento
The CLF is a daily economically-financial unit calculated by the Central Bank of Chile according to inflation (as measured by the Chilean Consumer Price Index of the previous month). The value of the CLF is expressed in terms of Chilean Pesos per CLF. The use of CLF has been widely extended to all types of bank loans, financial investments (time deposits, mortgages and other public or private indexed instruments), contracts and fees in some cases.
the funds Unidad de Valor Real
The UVR is a daily account unit set by the Central Bank of Colombia according to the variation in the Consumer Price Index of Colombia. The value of UVR is expressed in terms of Colombian Pesos per UVR. It is used to denominate and update mortgage loans and some public debt bonds.
the funds Uruguay Peso en Unidades Indexadas (UI)
The UYI (URUIURUI) is used for issuance of debt instruments by the Uruguayan government in the international global bond market. It is calculated based on an established methodology using underlying inflationary statistics in the Uruguayan market. (Introduced in 2002).
the currency Uzbekistan Sum
the currency identifier for Bolívar Soberano
Note that the numeric currency code corresponding to the Bolívar Soberano with currency code 'VED' is 926.
Note that the numeric currency code corresponding to the Bolívar Soberano with currency code 'VES' is 928.
the currency identifier for Dong
the currency identifier for Vatu
the currency Vatu
the funds WIR Euro
WIR Euro - WIR Bank for use with the EFTPOS system with their own WIR-card and the Electronic Banking Services
the funds WIR Franc
WIR Franc - WIR Bank for use with the EFTPOS system with their own WIR-card and the Electronic Banking Services.
the currency identifier for Tala
the currency Won
the currency identifier for CFA Franc BEAC
identifier for the currency whose unit is one troy ounce of the precious metal Silver
identifier for the currency whose unit is one troy ounce of the precious metal Gold
the identifier for Bond Markets Unit European Composite Unit (EURCO)
the identifier for Bond Markets Unit European Monetary Unit (E.M.U.-6)
the identifier for Bond Markets Unit European Unit of Account 9 (E.U.A.-9)
the identifier for Bond Markets Unit European Unit of Account 17 (E.U.A.-17)
the currency identifier for East Caribbean Dollar
the IMF's identifier for SDR (Special Drawing Right)
the currency identifier for CFA Franc BCEAO
identifier for the currency whose unit is one troy ounce of the precious metal Palladium
the currency identifier for CFP Franc
identifier for the currency whose unit is one troy ounce of the precious metal Platinum
the currency identifier for Sucre
Codes specifically reserved for testing purposes
the identifier for ADB Unit of Account
The codes assigned for transactions where no currency is involved
the currency identifier for Yemeni Rial
the currency Yemeni Rial
the currency Yen
the currency Yuan Renminbi
the currency identifier for Rand
the currency identifier for Zambian Kwacha
the currency identifier for Zimbabwe Dollar
the currency Zambian Kwacha
the currency Zimbabwe Dollar
the currency Zloty
system that reduces or eliminates the need for human involvement in order to complete a task
person who has attained the age of majority as defined in some jurisdiction
age at which someone acquires the rights and responsibilities of an adult in some jurisdiction
an original document certifying the circumstances of the birth, or a certified copy of or representation of the ensuing registration of that birth
A birth certificate is a vital record that documents the birth of a child. Depending on the jurisdiction, a record of birth might or might not contain verification of the event by such as a midwife or doctor.
system for allocating identifiers to birth certificates
Schemes for birth certificate identification are typically regionally defined, and there may be jurisdiction-specific scope required as an additional restriction on a specific scheme.
identifier associated with a vital record documenting the birth of a child
role or associated with a party serving as a designated point of communication, typically within a system or process
record about a party in a specific communicative or liaison role
Contact records may include attributes such as name, role, communication channel, and affiliation, They may be found in registries, schemas, systems such as those designed for customer relationship management (CRM), enterprise resource planning (ERP), health information, legal and regulatory compliance and others, as well as personal address books, to support communications, coordination, support, or compliance.
explicit date, i.e., the day, month and year, on which an individual was born
explicit date, i.e., the day, month and year, on which an individual died
original document certifying the circumstances of the death (such as how and when it occurred), or a certified copy of or representation of the ensuing registration of that death
A death certificate is a vital record documenting information (including age, occupation, place of birth, place of residence, and often identifying the parents and possibly spouse of the deceased) relating to a dead person and including a doctor's certification of the cause of death.
system for allocating identifiers to death certificates
Schemes for death certificate identification are typically regionally defined, and there may be jurisdiction-specific scope required as an additional restriction on a specific scheme.
identifier associated with a vital record documenting the death of an individual
an official document which states that a person may operate a motorized vehicle, such as a motorcycle, car, truck or a bus, on a public roadway or provides official identifying information for a non-driver
system for allocating identifiers to driver's, operating, or non-driver identification documents
Schemes for driver's license identification are typically regionally defined, and there may be jurisdiction-specific scope required as an additional restriction on a specific scheme.
identifier associated with a drivers' or operating license for operating a motor vehicle or non-driver identification card
a minor who is allowed to conduct a business or any other occupation on his or her own behalf or for their own account outside the control of a parent or guardian
The minor will then have full contractual capacity to conclude contracts with regard to the business. Whether parental consent is needed to achieve emancipated status varies from case to case. In some cases, court permission is necessary. Protocols vary by jurisdiction.
any legal document which may be used to verify aspects of a person's identity
If issued in the form of a small, mostly standard-sized card, it is usually called an identity card (IC). Countries which do not have formal identity documents may require informal documents. In the absence of a formal identity document, driving licenses can be used in many countries as a method of proof of identity, although some countries do not accept driving licenses for identification, often because in those countries they don't expire as documents and can be old and easily forged. Most countries accept passports as a form of identification. Most countries have the rule that foreign citizens need to have their passport or occasionally a national identity card from their country available at any time if they do not have residence permit in the country.
an adult who is legally identified as not having legal capacity, typically as a result of some inherent physical or mental incapacity or as a result of having contracted some illness which temporarily deprives them of such capacity
Individuals may have an inherent physical condition which prevents them from achieving the normal levels of performance expected from persons of comparable age, or their inability to match current levels of performance may be caused by contracting an illness. Whatever the cause, if the resulting condition is such that individuals cannot care for themselves, or may act in ways that are against their interests, those persons are vulnerable through dependency and require the protection of the state against the risks of abuse or exploitation. Hence, any agreements that were made are voidable, and a court may declare that person a ward of the state and grant power of attorney to an appointed legal guardian.
age at which someone acquires the capacity to do something that they were prohibited from doing before under the law in some jurisdiction
age at which someone acquires the capacity to work legally in some jurisdiction
person whose age is greater than the minimum legal working age specified in a jurisdiction in which they work
person who has attained the age of majority as defined in some jurisdiction and who is allowed to conduct a business or any other occupation on his or her own behalf or for their own account
a person under a certain age, usually the age of majority in a given jurisdiction, which legally demarcates childhood from adulthood
The age depends upon jurisdiction and application, but is generally 18.
number or text which appears on an identity document issued by a country or jurisdiction
A national identification number, national identity number, or national insurance number is used by the governments of many countries as a means of tracking their citizens, permanent residents, and temporary residents for the purposes of work, taxation, government benefits, health care, and other governmentally-related functions. The number will appear on an identity document issued by a country. The ways in which such a system is implemented are dependent on the country, but in most cases, a citizen is issued an identification number at birth or when they reach a legal age (typically the age of 18). Non-citizens may be issued such numbers when they enter the country, or when granted a temporary or permanent residence permit. Many countries issued such numbers ostensibly for a singular purpose, but over time, they become a de facto national identification number. For example, the United States originally developed its Social Security number system as a means of disbursing Social Security benefits. However, due to function creep, the number has become utilized for other purposes to the point where it is almost essential to have one to, among other things, open a bank account, obtain a credit card, or drive a car.
system for allocating identifiers to national identification numbers
Schemes for national identification numbers are jurisdiction-specific by country.
formal identity document, issued by a national government, which certifies the identity and nationality of its holder for the purpose of international travel
The elements of identity contained in all standardized passports include information about the holder, including name, date of birth, gender and place of birth.
national identification number associated with a passport
system for allocating identifiers to passports
Schemes for passport identification are jurisdiction-specific by country.
person
individual human being, with consciousness of self
designation by which someone is known in some context
physical location, including country, region, and municipality where an individual was born
relates someone to the age required to attain the capacity to engage in certain transactions or be treated legally as an adult in some jurisdiction
links a person to their country of citizenship
identifies the date on which an individual was born
identifies the date on which an individual died
indicates the name shared in common to identify the members of a family, as distinguished from each member's given name
'Family name' is more commonly used in the United Kingdom than in the United States to refer to someone's surname.
indicates the given name or first name of a person, that is, the name chosen for them at birth or changed by them subsequently from the name given at birth
indicates the complete name of a person, typically used in formal situations including those of a legal or contractual nature
links a particular gender value with a person
indicates the name shared in common to identify the members of a family, that predates any changes of name due to marriage
one or more additional names or initial letters for names that occur between a person's first and last name
relates someone to the minimum legal working age for the jurisdiction in which they reside
indicates a character or sequence of characters, preceding a person's name, that provides additional information about the person, such as a form of address representing a title, honorific, or military rank
indicates a character or sequence of characters, following a person's name, that provides additional information about the person, such as their position, educational degree, accreditation, office, or honor
Note that the concept of a person name may include symbology as long as the symbols are properly encoded. Because person name is a class, other iconography or symbology that cannot be encoded in UTF-8 can, alternatively, be linked or attached as a separate image or in another form.
identifies the location where an individual was born
identifies a party designated as the point of contact for
identifies a dwelling where an individual resides the majority of the year
For tax purposes, in cases when an individual owns more than one home, their primary residence is the home in which they reside most of the time, and for which they can provide evidence to that effect. Having said this, there are cases, such as for individuals that have dual citizenship, where they may have multiple primary residences, one in each country in which they maintain a home. There may also be subtle issues related to 'rent control' that may impact the statements an individual makes about their primary residence. In other words, one cannot necessarily infer a person's identity from their primary place of residence.
identifies a dwelling where an individual lives
is the entity or purpose for which the party is the point of contact
agreement
negotiated understanding between two or more parties, reflecting the offer and acceptance of commitments on the part of either party
All agreements are time bound, whether implicit or explicitly stated, and thus an agreement reflects a state of affairs that holds for some period of time.
party that receives some benefit or advantage or profits from something
bilateral agreement
agreement where two parties commit to perform specific actions or obligations towards each other
mutual agreement
commitment
promise made by some party to act or refrain from acting in some manner
Such a promise often results a corresponding right or obligation with respect to another party to the commitment. Thus, obligations and rights are considered as reciprocal aspects of a commitment.
commitment made by some party without direct involvement from the potential beneficiaries of that commitment
A commitment at large forms the basis for negotiable securities including transferable contracts and potentially other kinds of agreements such as software licenses.
multilateral agreement
agreements that involve or include multiple parties
Multilateral agreements are characterized by the participation and commitment of multiple countries or parties to achieve a common objective or address a shared issue.
party to whom some commitment or obligation is owed, either legally or per the terms of an agreement
party that is bound legally or by agreement to repay a debt, make a payment, do something, or refrain from doing something
commitment (promise or obligation) made by one party without requiring a reciprocal promise from another party
Unilateral commitments include some promotional offers, contests, and rewards, where the offering party sets conditions without requiring upfront agreement from others.
identifies a duty or obligation that a given party has taken on
identifies a party that has a given obligation
contract in which contract holder (assignor) may transfer some or all of their rights and obligations to another party (assignee)
Many, though not all, futures contracts are assignable. This means that the original contract holder can sell the contract to another party in return for cash, and that party then assumes the rights, responsibilities, and benefits of that contract from that point onwards.
Note that while the assignor may divest themselves of some rights, that assignment does not necessarily eliminate performance obligations of the assignor to the third party. Characteristics that are important to understand with respect to an assignment include the circumstances in which the assignor remains obligated and any remedies available if the assignor does not perform.
contract where two parties commit to perform specific actions or obligations towards each other
bilateral netting provision
netting provision that occurs between two parties, in which mutual obligations are offset to determine a single net payment
breach of contract
classifier of events representing a violation of an express, or implied, condition of a contract to do or not to do something, without a legitimate excuse
Examples of events that are considered a breach of contract include discovery of misrepresentation, not completing a job, not paying in full or on time, failing to deliver all the goods, substituting inferior or significantly different goods, not providing a bond when required, being late without excuse, or any act that demonstrates that a party will not complete required work ('anticipatory breach.') Breach of contract is one of the most common causes of law suits for damages and/or court-ordered 'specific performance' of the contract. A breach of contract frequently invalidates the contract.
breach of covenant
classifier of events representing breaking a promise specified in a contract to do or not to do something, without a legitimate excuse
In the case of a breach of a covenant or warranty, the contract remains binding and damages only are recoverable for the breach, whereas a breach of contract typically invalidates the entire contract.
close-out netting provision
netting provision that may be triggered when a counterparty defaults, leading to the termination of all outstanding transactions between the parties
In the case of close-out netting, the financial positions of the defaulting party are assessed to determine their worth, and total amounts owed are offset, resulting in a single net payment obligation.
written contract related to another contract designed to provide clarity and additional protection for all parties involved, that is separate from the primary contract and that can be independently enforced
Examples may be related to leases, to clarify responsibilities with respect to maintance and repair, to partnerships, clarifying how disputes should be resolved, loan agreements such as deeds of trust, covering the conditions under which the collateral would be forfeited, and uniform commercial code (UCC) agreements.
In cases where there are discrepancies between the collateral agreement and primary contract, the primary contract, which may be a master agreement, for example, takes precedence.
stipulation that specifies conditions that must be met before some aspect of a contract takes effect
Condition precedents are common in wills and trusts. They include events or states of affairs that act as triggers for the contract to come into effect, such as a beneficiary reaching the age of maturity, or death of a trustor, as well as define obligations on a party to the contract, such as those required of a trustee on the death of a trustor.
There may also be condition precedents in the ongoing life of a contract, which state that if condition X occurs, event Y will then occur. Condition X is the condition precedent.
voluntary, deliberate agreement between competent parties to which the parties agree to be legally bound, and for which the parties provide valuable consideration
A contractual relationship is evidenced by (1) an offer, (2) acceptance of the offer, and a (3) valid (legal and valuable) consideration. A contract is a kind of agreement, and as such it embodies the assertion that it has been negotiated, such negotiation having included the presence of some offer and the acceptance of that offer on the part of either or both of the parties.
Contracts are usually written but may be spoken or implied, and generally have to do with employment, sale or lease, or tenancy.
Note that the data of issuance may be, but is not always, the same as the effective date.
legal document that records the formal terms and conditions of some contract
Written here does not necessarily mean a paper document but includes situations in which the contract is expressed electronically, whether as an electronic representation of a formal document such as in PDF form or as an electronic message, provided in the latter case that the message is expressly given formal contractual standing, for example as indicated in a separate covering agreement between the parties.
contract milestone
classifier for an event (milestone), or set of events related to the status or level of completion of a designated activity, task, or segment of work required for contract fulfillment
Milestones are checkpoints that are predefined in the contract, used to measure progress. They specify tasks, deliverables, or objectives that must be achieved to meet each milestone and may trigger partial payment.
legally competent party that has entered into a binding agreement, accepting and conceding obligations, responsibilities, and benefits as specified
party that originates a contract and is identified as the first party to that contract, in the event that the contract distinguishes any party as such
The principal to a contract is typically the originator and, in the case of a security, the issuer. In law, the principal is the party that has the primary responsibility in a liability or obligation, as opposed to an endorser, guarantor, or surety.
party that is indirectly involved in, but not a counterparty to, an agreement
provision specifying something that the contracting parties agree to, i.e., a promise or pledge made by one of the parties to perform some action or fulfill some duty
Contractual commitments include general conditions which are common to all types of contracts, such as general and special arrangements, provisions, requirements, rules, rights and obligations, specifications, and standards that form an integral part of an agreement or contract, as well as special conditions which are peculiar to a specific contract (such as, contract change conditions, payment conditions, price variation clauses, penalties). Such a commitment indicates an intention or willingness to do something, which may not be legally binding, for example, to negotiate in good faith.
contractual element that specifies the meaning of a term in a legal document, whose definition is substitutable for the term whenever it occurs in the body of that document
element, such as an arrangement, provision, requirement, rule, specification, and standard that forms an integral part of an agreement
party to a contract with whom one negotiates on a given agreement
The counterparty is usually the party 'on the other side' of a contract from the perspective of the issuer or holder. The term 'counterparty' can refer to any party to an agreement, depending on context.
disclosure provision
contractual provision that outlines the requirements and responsibilities of one or both parties to reveal certain information to each other
Disclosure provisions are crucial in ensuring transparency, mitigating risks, and maintaining trust between the parties. Typical elements of a disclosure provision include (1) scope - defining the kind of information that must be disclosed, (2) materiality - which usually states that only information material to the agreement must be disclosed, (3) timing - specifying when such disclosures must be made, (4) ongoing requirements - outlining whether or not disclosures any time significant changes or new information must be made available over some period of time, (5) method - specifying how such disclosures must be made, for example, in writing, (6) exclusions - information that is explicitly out of scope with respect to disclosure requirements, (7) confidentiality - restrictions related to whether or not the information is confidential and on how it may be used, and (8) penalities - specifying consequences for failing to disclose relevant information.
With respect to contracts, failure to disclose key details can lead to breaches of contract or claims of misrepresentation. Disclosure requirements are typically specific to the nature of the contract and jurisdiction.
termination of an agreement for any reason prior to its expiration date
Early termination date refers to the date set within an agreement for the parties to exercise the option to terminate the contract prior to its original expiration, typically subject to predefined terms such as notice periods or specific conditions. Early termination may be automatically triggered by an event of default with respect to any contract obligation, due to corporate action, or for other reasons. An early termination date may be calculated per the terms of the agreement or specified explicitly at the time the termination event occurs.
contract terms that specify the conditions under which a contract can be extended
In the case of a debt instrument, an extension may include extending the time allowed for repayment of the principal, the maturity date, and so forth.
contract between named parties that outlines the terms and conditions designed to apply to a number of accounts, transactions, or other activities between the parties, and that consolidates and provides overarching terms for separate but related agreements
A master services agreement governs the terms between a service provider and client. Typically, clients will use Statements of Work that point back to the master agreement so they don't have to recreate a new contract with new terms each time there is a new project, or to cover common terms across services, warranties, and deliveries.
Some credit facilities and many brokerage arrangements are master agreements.
A master agreement can be used to set out standard terms and conditions so that any new agreements don't need to cover the same information again.
event related to the status or level of completion of a designated activity, task, or segment of work required for contract fulfillment
schedule of milestone events, observations, or other occurrences and the associated dates and/or times when they will be done
contract where multiple parties (i.e., more than two) commit to perform specific actions or obligations towards each other
multilateral netting provision
netting provision that, when triggered, is facilitated by a central clearinghouse or financial institution
Rather than settling individual obligations between each party, as in bilateral netting, all transactions are aggregated, and a single net amount is determined for each participant.
netting provision
contractual element that specifies the method of reducing credit, settlement and other risks by aggregating (combining) two or more obligations to achieve a reduced net obligation
contractual element that is not legally binding on any party to the agreement
contract between whose individual rights and obligations are not transferable to another party without prior written permission
provision indicating that notification is required prior to the occurrence of a relevant event
contract that may be replaced by another contract, and in that event, extinguishes the rights and obligations in effect under the original contract with those in the new agreement
In general, novation means consensual substitution of a party or obligation in the original contract with a new party or obligation in the successor contract. The new party takes on the rights and obligations of the original party. The corresponding novation agreement must be signed by the transferor, the transferee, and the counterparty (the other contracting party). Novation is frequently used in mergers and acquisitions to replace any outstanding relationships or rights and obligations of the organization being subsumed with relationships or obligations of the acquiring entity. It is also commonly used with respect to loan rescheduling.
Novation is different from assignment in the following ways: (1) novation is a consensual transfer of contractual rights and obligations, while an assignment can transfer only obligations and does not require the consent of the benefiting party, and (2) novation terminates the original contract, but assignment does not.
novation netting provision
contractual element that specifies what should be done with respect to netting when a given contract is replaced with another
Novation netting contemplates that for each value date and for each currency, the parties agree that all existing contracts will be canceled (discharged and extinguished) and simultaneously replaced by a new contract that aggregates and nets all of the payment obligations of the original contracts. Novation netting occurs immediately when a nettable transaction is entered into.
payment netting provision
netting provision that specifies the way in which all payments in a single currency owed between parties will be aggregated for each traded currency per value date and within the larger aggregate obligation
For each value date and for each traded currency, the parties will aggregate and net all payments owed between them to arrive at a single currency obligation for each currency payable between the parties. The parties calculate net payments at some pre-agreed time, typically the day before value date (although it is possible to agree net payments on the value date, depending on the currency and time zone).
representation
contractual element that is a statement made by a party to the contract, before or at the time of making the contract, in regard to some fact, circumstance, or state of affairs pertinent to the contract, which the counterparty(ies) rely on, or is influential in bringing about the contract
A party may later claim misrepresentation if a false representation has been made. They may be entitled to rescind the contract, which means that the contract would be set aside and the receiving party may also be entitled to damages to put them back into the position they would have been had the contract never been entered into.
settlement netting provision
netting provision that specifies the way in which on a given payment date, each party will aggregate the amounts of a currency to be delivered by it, and only the difference in the aggregate amounts will be delivered by the party with the larger aggregate obligation
nonbinding agreement setting forth the basic terms and conditions under which a proposed business deal may be made
Term sheets state the intentions of the parties and are used to guide legal counsel in the preparation of proposed agreements or contracts.
termination provision
contractual element that specifies the circumstances under which the parties can dissolve their legal relationship and discontinue the fulfillment of their obligations under the contract
Common reasons for termination include mutual consent, certain notices, breach or failure of a precedent or condition, insolvency, change in control, the occurrence of certain events, and court orders that prohibit continuation of the contract. Termination provisions may include whether they are mutual or unilateral, and may include rights with respect to any cure.
contract in which the rights and obligations of one party may be transferred to another party
contract in which one party makes an offer that can only be accepted through performance rather than a return promise
In a unilateral, or one-sided, contract, one party, known as the offeror, makes a promise in exchange for an act (or abstention from acting) by another party, known as the offeree. If the offeree acts on the offeror's promise, the offeror is legally obligated to fulfill the contract, but an offeree cannot be forced to act (or not act), because no return promise has been made to the offeror. After an offeree has performed, only one enforceable promise exists, that of the offeror.
contract provision specifying how funds obtained through financing, such as through a credit agreement, offering, warrant, or other instrument are intended to be used
Examples include for working capital and corporate expenses, for the purchase or upgrades to facilities and/or equipment, and so forth.
contract that exists as a result of some verbal exchange
warranty
contractual element that is a statement of fact
If a warranty is determined to be false, the receiving party has a claim for breach of contract. If it is a fundamental breach the receiving party may have the right to terminate the contact in addition to a claim for damages. However, unlike a claim for misrepresentation, the contract may not necessarily be voided in its entirety as a consequence.
formal contract that is written and signed by the parties thereto
relates a contract to something for which the contract defines legally binding terms and conditions
has beneficiary
party that receives some benefit or advantage or profits from something as specified in the agreement
has contract duration
indicates the period of time during which a contract is intended to be in force once it has been executed
Note that the duration may be relative or explicit, depending on the nature of the contract, and may be extended if the provisions of the contract permit extension.
indicates a party that has entered into a binding agreement, accepting and conceding obligations, responsibilities, and benefits as specified
indicates something that is a component of an agreement
identifies a party to a contract, typically not the contract principal
has early termination date
indicates a termination date that occurs prior to an explicit expiration date
indicates the date a contract, relationship, or policy comes into force
indicates the date and time, including time zone, something comes into force
indicates the date a contract has been signed by all the necessary parties
This may or may not be the 'effective date' of the contract, which may be specified in the body of the document.
indicates the date and time, including time zone, a contract has been signed by all the necessary parties
indicates the window of time during which an extension is allowed under the terms of the contract
specifies the details of a contract provision allowing extension of some aspect of the contract
Typically a contract extension refers to the termination date, coverage period, or, in the case of a security, may refer to extension of repayment or maturity dates.
indicates the jurisdiction governing the contract, as agreed by all parties
As modeled, this relationship combines two slightly different senses in which a Jurisdiction may be named in some Contract: the jurisdiction under whose laws the contract is deemed to be in force, and the jurisdiction under which the parties agree to submit in the event of any dispute resolution. ScopeNote: One thing to tease out is whether 'Dispute Resolution' and other forms of 'Governing Law' are one and the same thing or not. Dispute Resolution is uncontroversial, the question is whether there are other implications to Governing Law or if it's the same thing. For instance I may undertake to behave as though I were responsible to a particular authority i.e., a particular set of statutes.
In a written contract this is generally identified, for example, as Governing Law, namely the jurisdiction in which any disputes arising from the contract are to be resolved.
provides the text, or a summary thereof, expressed in legal terms, of the contract provision, clause, or other element
refers to a requirement included in an agreement related to fulfillment as of some point in time in the lifetime of the contract
refers to a term that is included in an agreement that is not considered legally binding
In other words, a breach of such terms in the future would not be considered to be a breach of the contract.
identifies the main or principal party to a contract
has term
indicates a fixed or limited period for which something, e.g., a contract, an investment, or an offer, lasts or is intended to last
identifies a party which is not signatory to the party but has some role in the overall context defined by the contract.
indicates whether the contract and the rights thereunder may be assigned by one of the signatories to some other party
This is believed to be the basis on which transferable contracts such as financial securities and software licences may be bought and sold on some market, and also the basis on which a bilateral contract such as an over the counter derivative may be novated so that a new party becomes one of the parties. There are subtle distinctions between these three concepts which are not yet represented here.
An assignment (Latin cessio) is a term used with similar meanings in the law of contracts and in the law of real estate. In both instances, it encompasses the transfer of rights held by one party, the assignor, to another party, the assignee. The details of the assignment determines some additional rights and liabilities (or duties). Typically a third-party is involved in a contract with the assignor, and the contract is in effect transferred to the assignee.
specifies the agreement that a beneficiary is named in
is netting automatic
indicates whether netting takes place automatically under the scope of the agreement
Example text: "If on any date amounts would otherwise be payable:- (i) in the same currency; and (ii) in respect of the same Transaction, by each party to the other, then, on such date, each party's obligation to make payment of any such amount will be automatically satisfied and discharged and, if the aggregate amount that would otherwise have been payable by one party exceeds the aggregate amount that would otherwise have been payable by the other party, replaced by an obligation upon the party by whom the larger aggregate amount would have been payable to pay to the other party the excess of the larger aggregate amount over the smaller aggregate amount."
indicates any subordinate agreement, such as a collateral agreement
indicates a constraint, limitation or refinement on something
indicates the primary contract referenced by a subordinate agreement, such as a collateral agreement
This property may also be used as the basis for linking agreements based on priority, such as linking a second or junior lien to the primary lien on some collateral
indicates a contract that was executed prior to and is replaced by this contract
structure or means of organizing information such as a blueprint, schema, numbering system, organization structure, measurement system, plan, taxonomy, or language for organizing information
indicates the number of elements in a given collection
written estimate of the market value of something as of some point in time, typically provided by a qualified appraiser
estimated value of some asset as of a given point in time
party that evaluates or estimates the nature, quality, ability, or value of someone or something
activity involving the evaluation or estimation of the nature, quality, ability, or value of someone or something
event involving the evaluation or estimation of the nature, quality, or ability of someone or something
report that includes an opinion, judgement, appraisal, or view about something and typically the methodology and raw inputs used to arrive at that opinion
theoretical value that is anticipated based on a model or hypothesis
Expected values are often calculated using probability distributions. Note that they can be qualitative, however, such as certain ratings.
price that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date
ISO/TS 55010:2024(en), Asset management - Guidance on the alignment of financial and non-financial functions in asset management
price an asset would sell for in the market
value that is an actual data point collected from an experiment, survey, or observation
judgement, appraisal, or view about something
value of an asset today, which may be calculated from reference data and may based on its expected future value
value that has less precision or accuracy than a value determined via quantitative methods and which is usually expressed in codes rather than actual numbers
ISO/IEC 5207:2024(en), Information technology - Data usage - Terminology and use cases
Qualitative values may follow nominal or ordinal scales, and may be expressed as enumerations.
value determined via quantitative methods, expressed as a numerical value in appropriate units
value for something discernible for which evidence can be obtained
Derivatives, such as certain exotics, can be based on values ascribed to virtually anything, including weather. Typically, however, a reference value refers to something that can be readily observed in the marketplace, such as a quoted rate (e.g., interest rate, exchange rate), index value, commodity price, stock price, economic indicator, or something similar as of some point in time.
valuation method
method used to determine the present or expected worth of an asset
Asset valuation is the process of determining the fair market or present value of assets, using book values, absolute valuation models like discounted cash flow analysis, option pricing models or comparables. Such assets include investments in marketable securities such as stocks, bonds and options; tangible assets like buildings and equipment; or intangible assets such as brands, patents and trademarks.
perceived worth of something, such as a product, service, or asset to a company, customer, or stakeholder
The concept of business value encompasses several dimensions, including: - Customer Value: The benefits that a customer derives from a product or service, measured against the cost of obtaining it. This includes factors like quality, performance, convenience, and price. - Economic Value: The financial benefits that a company gains from its assets, investments, or operations. This can be calculated through metrics like revenue, profit, return on investment (ROI), and cost savings. - Market Value: The price at which an asset or company can be bought or sold in the open market. This reflects the collective assessment of investors and market participants. - Shareholder Value: The financial returns that shareholders receive from owning a company's stock, including dividends and capital gains. - Brand Value: The premium that customers are willing to pay for a product or service due to the brand's reputation, recognition, and loyalty. Overall, value in business is about creating and capturing benefits that meet the needs and expectations of various stakeholders, from customers to investors.
assessment event to estimate the value of something
Note that an appraiser in this context may be a licensed appraiser, such as a real estate appraiser or auction house, or a calculation agent, depending on the circumstances.
indicates the strategy used for the purposes of determining the fair market or present value of something
provides an approximate value of some asset as of some point in time
relates an assessment or report to an agent that conducts the assessment
has date of assessment
date on which an assessment process was completed
relates something to its estimated value
relates an appraised value to the asset of interest as of the date of the assessment
system for allocating classifiers to organizations by industry sector
Examples include the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) and Standardized Industry Classification (SIC) in the U.S. and Canada, and the NACE (Nomenclature Générale des Activités Économiques dans les Communautés Européennes) in the EU, developed by governments to classify industries. They also include commercial classification schemes, such as the Global Industry Standard Classification (GICS) developed jointly by Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) and Standard and Poor's, and competing schemes including the Industry Classification Benchmark (ICB) system, maintained by Dow Jones and London's FTSE Group, among others.
standardized classification or delineation for an organization, or possibly for a security representing an interest in a given organization, per some scheme for such delineation, by industry
Financial records include accounts, agreements, trading books, etc.
links something, typically an agreement, contract, document, or perishable item, with an expiration date
links something to a record that pertains to it
specifies the reporting period for which a report or something else, such as a market rate or economic indicator, applies
links something, typically an agreement, contract, document, or process, with a date on which it is scheduled to be or was terminated
indirect shortcut derived from and pointing into, a greater volume of values, data, information or knowledge
system for indexing values, data, information, or knowledge
identifier that uniquely identifies something for a given time period, and that may be reused to identify something else at a different point in time
ticker symbol, vehicle license number, such as a vanity plate that can be reassigned and moved from one car to another
If no assignment termination date is provided, the identifier is considered to be assigned and valid. If there is no initial assignment date, then the identifier is assumed to be assigned up until the termination date, if any.
indicates how to compose the supplied character string from its components
the date on which an identifier is released from its assignment to some resource
the date on which an identifier is first assigned to some resource
indicates how to deconstruct the supplied character string into its components
arrangement that compares the cyclical nature of families, organizations, processes, products, marketing, and order management, portfolio management or other systems with the cradle to grave life stages (birth, growth, maturity, decay, and death) of living organisms
kind of event that occurs during one or more stages of a lifecycle
realization of an event in a stage of a lifecycle
a research and development phase of a product lifecycle, the introduction phase in a marketing lifecycle, a growth stage in an economic lifecycle, or the origination phase in the lifecycle of a loan
realization of a phase in a given lifecycle
classifier indicating the position or state of something at a particular point in its life-cycle
relates something, such as a product, trade, or related process, to a lifecycle that characterizes it
relates something, such as a product or trade lifecycle or related process, to a phase or stage in that lifecycle
relates a lifecycle to something it characterizes
relates a stage in a product or trade lifecycle or process to the lifecycle or process that it is a stage of
rating score that is represented as a qualitative code with respect to some rating scale
Ratings for the creditworthiness of securities are often qualitative, rather than quantitative, such as a triple-A (i.e., AAA). Many ratings for products and businesses on the Internet are also qualitative, such as 5-star ratings for something.
rating score that is a simple numeric value on some scale, such as a credit rating for an individual
standing of something at a particular time, indicated by at least one scores with respect to some scale, based on an assessment by some party
rating issuer that is also a rating scale publisher, frequently but not always an independent rating service
assessment activity resulting in a grade or score and potentially a report describing the score and the process used to determine that score
individual assessment resulting in a grade or score and potentially a report describing the score
party that is responsible for issuing ratings
A rating issuer is frequently, but not always the rating scale publisher. A rating issuer may delegate responsibility for producing a rating to a rating party.
person, organization or group that analyzes some aspect of something and develops a rating
system for assigning a value to something according to some scale with respect to quality, a standard, or ranking
party responsible for managing one or more rating schemes and potentially publishing ratings based on those schemes
Rating scale publishers are frequently also rating agencies.
grade, classification, or ranking of for something in accordance with some rating scale
The meaning and methodology for determining a rating score for the rating of something is determined by a rating issuer. A given rating may apply at some point in time, as a part of a lifecycle or process, or generally. Typically ratings reflect an assessment of a state of affairs at some point in time.
indicates the 'best' (most desirable) possible value for a rating score's hasMeasureWithinScale property
Note that hasBestMeasure and hasWorstMeasure may be used together to determine the direction and range of a scale's measure values.
indicates a relative, numeric measure or ordering on a rating scale
indicates the rating assigned to a thing based on a grade or score according to a particular rating scale
indicates the grade or score associated with a rating with respect to a particular rating scale
indicates the 'worst' (least desirable) possible value for a rating score's hasMeasureWithinScale property
issuer for which ratings are produced or posted through
indicates the instrument, party or something else to which a rating applies
rating performer an issuer uses to assess ratings
document that provides a structured description of something, prepared on ad hoc, periodic, recurring, regular, or as required basis
Reports may refer to specific periods, events, occurrences, or subjects, and may be communicated or presented in oral, electronic, or written form.
party providing a report, typically in response to some contractual, legal, regulatory or other business requirement
event in which some party asks another party for something at some point in time
activity in which some party asks another party for something or to do something
requester
party that asks for something
party presenting something, such as a regulatory report
has report date
date on which a report was issued
has report date time
date and time at which a report was issued
has request date
date on which a request was made
has request date time
date and time at which a request was made
indicates the party to which something is reported
indicates the party that asks for something
indicates the party that is asked for something
indicates the party that submits something
indicates the party to which something is submitted
indicates a subject matter, observation(s), assessment(s), focus or other topic of a report
presents something (a proposal, application, report, or other document) for consideration or review
convention that enumerates the possible ways to handle a date that falls on a weekend or holiday
Business day conventions are linked to a calendar. Calendars have working and non-working days. In the ACTUS dictionary, the rules related to business day conventions (BDCs) state that a BDC value other than N means that cash flows cannot fall on non-working days, they must be shifted to the next business day (following) or the previous on (preceding). These two simple rules get refined twofold: (1) Following modified (preceding): Same like following (preceding), however if a cash flow gets shifted into a new month, then it is shifted to preceding (following) business day; (2) Shift/calculate (SC) and calculate/shift (CS). Accrual, principal, and possibly other calculations are affected by this choice. In the case of SC first the dates are shifted and after the shift cash flows are calculated. In the case of CS it is the other way round.
Business day conventions commonly include: - Following business day: Moves the date to the next business day - Modified following business day: Moves the date to the next business day, unless it would fall in the next calendar month - Preceding business day: Moves the date to the previous business day - Modified preceding business day: Moves the date to the previous business day, unless it would fall in the previous calendar month
The 2006 IDSA Definitions Section 4.11, provide the following examples: FRN Convention; Eurodollar Convention. - If a payment date or period end date falls on a non-business day, it is moved to the next business day. - If there is no numerically corresponding day in a calendar month, the payment date or period end date is moved to the last business day in that month.
convention specifying that a non-business date will be adjusted to the first following day that is a business day
convention specifying that a non-business date will be adjusted to the first following day that is a business day unless that day falls in the next calendar month, in which case that date will be the first preceding day that is a calendar date
convention specifying that a non-business date will be adjusted to the first preceding day that is a business day unless that day falls in the previous month, in which case that date will be the first following day that is a business day
convention specifying that a non-business date will be adjusted to the nearest day that is a business day -- i.e. if the non-business day falls on any day other than a Sunday or a Monday, it will be the first preceding day that is a business day, and will be the first following business day if it falls on a Sunday or a Monday
convention specifying that a date will not be adjusted if it falls on a day that is not a business day
convention specifying that a date will be adjusted to the first previous day that is a business day
recurrence interval that is defined per a specific convention that determines how recurring days should be handled
convention that specifies how recurring days should be handled, such as the end of the month, a particular day of the month, a day of the week, or more specifically, a t-bill auction date
widely accepted or established way of doing 'something' within some community of practice
the last day of a calendar month, irrespective of the length of the calendar month
identifies a convention regarding how a date should be handled when it falls on a day that is not a business day, such as a weekend or holiday
has business recurrence interval convention
identifies a convention regarding how certain recurring dates should be handled with respect to a given schedule, such as the end of the month
schedule consisting of some number of individual events that are not necessarily recurring
Other ontologies can extend AdHocSchedule and/or AdHocScheduleEntry as needed to relate the date to something. In particular, the Occurrences ontology extends AdHocScheduleEntry to associate an OccurrenceKind with each entry. The intended meaning is that an Occurrence of the OccurrenceKind happens on the corresponding Date.
entry, including a date or date and time, among multiple non-regularly-recurring entries in a schedule
Other ontologies can extend AdHocScheduleEntry as needed. In particular, the Occurrences ontology extends AdHocScheduleEntry to consist of occurrences (events) of a given OccurrenceKind. The meaning is that an ad hoc schedule entry comprises a date and an event which is scheduled to occur on that date.
The Date of an AdHocScheduleEntry can be an ExplicitDate or any kind of CalculatedDate, such as: * An OccurrenceBasedDate -- a Date that itself is defined by an Occurrence (see the Occurrences ontology) * A RelativeDate - a Date relative to another Date, such as T+3 * A SpecifiedDate - a Date that is defined by an arbitrary rule
The cmns-dt;hasDate property may be used to reify a date, if it is important to do so for a given application, or if not and typically, the inherited cmns-dt;hasObservedDateTime property may be used together with a cmns-dt;CombinedDateTime value, as long as the resulting schedule is consistent in using one or the other.
length of time that something or someone has been alive or existed
fixed reference point within a series or timeline
It is an explicit date chosen to provide context or structure for analyzing data or events.
schedule and communications tool used to manage meetings, plan events, and coordinate activities within and/or across organizations
academic calendar, bank holiday calendar
date that is or will be determined based on some formula
The hasDateValue property of a CalculatedDate is not set until the Date is calculated. Since the calculation may depend upon future events that may or may not ever happen, the hasDateValue property may never be set.
explicit period from the start to the end of a specific interval or range within which a computational process or operation occurs
explicit number of days from the adjusted effective or start date to the adjusted termination or end date calculated in accordance with the applicable day count fraction
time interval resulting from the division of a calendar year in 12 time intervals, each with a specific name and containing a specific number of calendar days
time interval that occurs within a system that fixes the beginning and length of a segment of the year with respect to that system
The terms 'calendar xxx' are intended to reinforce that these are periods on a calendar, not durations. For example, a calendar year always starts on a January 1 and ends on a December 31. The term 'calendar year' does not mean the same thing as a duration (an amount of time) of 1 year, nor can a calendar year start on any arbitrary day of a year. For example, a calendar year never starts on September 1. Similar points apply to other kinds of calendar periods, such as calendar week, calendar month, and calendar quarter.
A calendar-specified date may be figured with respect to a calendar week, a calendar month, a calendar quarter, or a calendar year.
time interval of 3 months, starting on January 1, April 1, July 1, or October 1
recurrence interval that is defined as the nth day of some calendar period (such as a calendar month), and a time direction (forward from the beginning of the month, or backwards from the end)
The last day of each quarter, specified as RelativeDay 1, and TimeDirection set to FromEnd.
The nth day is an ordinal number, not a cardinal number. '1' means the first day of the calendar period.
time interval of seven calendar days starting on a Monday
cyclic time interval in a calendar which is required for one revolution of the Earth around the Sun and approximated to an integral number of calendar days; a year in the Gregorian calendar
element of a collection that is associated with a date and time
Note that the use of several options for the representation of a date and time stamp enables extensions for milliseconds, nanoseconds using an xsd:string that has the format of an xsd:dateTime datatype but extends the level of granularity consistently. An example of where this is required is to represent prices that change multiple times in a given day.
The use of custom datatypes is outside the OWL 2 RL profile and so users should consider commenting out the restriction on hasObservedDateTime altogether or change the data range to rdfs:Literal in applications that are constrained to OWL 2 RL.
structured collection whose elements are required to have a date and time
recurrence interval defined via an explicit duration
time interval that has duration 1 day and that meets a Saturday
time direction indicating that a calendar-specified date is the nth date from the end of a calendar period
Two days before the end of a calendar month.
time direction indicating that a calendar-specified date is the nth day from the beginning of a calendar period.
The first day of a calendar quarter. (The offsetDay is zero.)
time interval that has duration 1 day and that meets a Tuesday
time interval that is consistent between elements of a regular schedule
schedule whose time intervals recur regularly
The BusinessDates ontology extends 'RegularSchedule' with an optional BusinessDayAdjustment that specifies what should happen if a scheduled date falls on a weekend or a holiday.
A 30 year mortgage is payable monthly on the 10th of the month, starting July 2015. The mortgage is issued on June 15, 2015 so the first payment is for the period June 15-June 30, and the last payment is for June 1-14 2045. The payment schedule is a RegularSchedule with these properties: * comprises: regular payment OccurrenceKind (with payment details) (see the 'comprises' property of the Occurrences ontology) * hasInitialStub: June 15-30, 2015 for initial payment * hasFinalStub: June 1-14, 2045 for final payment * hasCount: 358 * hasOverallPeriod starting Date: June 15, 2015 with a duration of 30 years * hasRecurrenceInterval: specifies 10th day of each calendar month * hasRecurrenceStartDate: July 1, 2015
A corporate bond pays interest for 10 years starting on the first day of 2015. Interest payments are due 15 days after the expiration of each 6 month period: on July 15 and January 16. The payment schedule is a RegularSchedule, with these properties: * comprises: identifies the interest payment details * overall DatePeriod starting date is '2015-01-01', ending date is '2025-01-15', and duration is 'P10Y15D' * hasCount is 20 (2 payments per year for 10 years) * hasRecurrenceInterval is 'P6M' * hasRecurrenceStartDate is '2015-01-15'
An ISDA FpML schedule has a specified date (via a convention), and a date roll rule which is specified for the whole schedule and applies to each of the dates returned by the parametric specification of the schedule. It has: (1) a schedule beginning and end; (2) a set of regular repeating periods: the scheduled event takes place once per period; (3) optionally one or two stubs (one start and one end), which may be longer than the repeating period, or shorter. The precise parameters used are: Start of the overall Schedule period: Effective Date End of the overall Schedule period: Termination Date Start of first regular period: not specified (assume Effective Date) Length of each regular period: Frequency (a duration) There are generally three ways in which the regular periods of a parametric schedule may be expressed: first plus last first plus period length last plus period length event date plus period length. In FpML, Roll events (the date that something rolls over from the value used in one period to the value used in the next) is defined in a Roll Convention, which may be a day of the month, a day of the week, or some published set of dates, typically the ISDA quarterly dates for these events. This is therefore the date within the regular period (before adjustments) when the event occurs. This is in addition to a date for the start or end of such a period. In general this applies to the Calculation Schedule (i.e. the event is the calculation event) with other dates specified relative to this, however in principle the other related events (payment and reset or refix) are specified relative to this.
A RegularSchedule is a Schedule defined as a set of Dates that start on a recurrence start date and repeat after each recurrence interval. The size of this set is defined by a count. The 'initial ScheduleStub' associated with a RegularSchedule identifies any special treatment applied before the recurrence start date. Similarly, a 'final ScheduleStub' identifies any special handling at the end of the recurrences. For example, a mortgage loan that is due each calendar month may have an initial payment due before the first calendar month, or a final payment due after the last monthly payment.
A parametric schedule is a regular schedule for one of the events that occur in a periodic schedule of interest accruals, interest payments, and (for floating rate swapstreams), changes to the interest rate. Parametric schedules may be specified individually but more commonly, calculation events are scheduled, with other dates specified as offsets. In a regular schedule, related dates may be independently parametrically scheduled.
Other ontologies can extend RegularSchedule as needed. In particular, the Occurrences ontology extends RegularSchedule to 'comprise' an 'OccurrenceKind'. The intended meaning is that a regular schedule comprises a number of scheduled dates and an event which is scheduled to occur on each of those dates, in other words an Occurrence of the OccurrenceKind should happen on each Date defined by the RegularSchedule.
The recurrence start date can be an ExplicitDate or any kind of CalculatedDate. Hence, the starting date could be relative to another Date (e.g. T+3) or triggered by the Occurrence of an OccurrenceKind, etc. The recurrence start date can also be relative to the starting Date of the overall DatePeriod of the Schedule.
calculated date that is some duration before or after another date
A settlement date, defined as T+3: three days after the trade date. The 'hasRelativeDuration' property is set to '3D'.
When the 'hasRelativeDuration' property is negative, the RelativeDate is before the 'isRelativeTo' Date; otherwise the RelativeDate is after the 'isRelativeTo' Date.
time interval that has duration 1 day and that meets a Sunday
One Saturday is the time interval that has duration 1 day and that starts Gregorian year 2000. This requirement anchors the repeating sequence of days of week to specific Gregorian days. It requires that January 1, 2000 is a Saturday. It follows that January 2, 2000 must be the Sunday that it meets, and so on.
collection of events, observations, or other occurrences and the associated dates and/or times when they will be done
The overall period covers the entire DatePeriod of the Schedule, from the earliest Date to the final Date of the Schedule. Schedules may be ad hoc, essentially a list of dates and events without any consistency in the durations between events, regular, in which case there is a consistently recurring interval between events, or a combination of the two. There may be a single overall period, or more than one if the schedule is extended for some reason.
date period before the start of the recurring part of a schedule or after the end of the recurring part, which may be associated with a specific occurrence kind
The Occurrences ontology extends ScheduleStub to 'comprise' an OccurrenceKind. The meaning is that a schedule stub comprises a date period and an event which is scheduled to occur during that date period; in other words that an Occurrence of the OccurrenceKind should happen during the DatePeriod of the ScheduleStub.
A 30 year mortgage calls for monthly payments on the first day of each month, according to a RegularSchedule. If the mortgage does not start on the first day of a calendar month, then an initial ScheduleStub specifies the payment due for the DatePeriod up to the first day of the next calendar month. Similarly, a final ScheduleStub specifies the last payment due for the DatePeriod after the end of the last full calendar month.
calculated date that is defined by a rule that is captured as a string by the 'hasDateSpecification' property
time interval that has duration 1 day and that meets a Monday
time interval that has duration 1 day and that meets a Friday
enumeration that indicates whether a calendar-specified date is figured from the start or the end of a calendar period
time interval that has duration 1 day and that meets a Wednesday
time interval that has duration 1 day and that meets a Thursday
links an asset or owner/controller/controllee to the date or date and time of purchase
The use of custom datatypes is outside the OWL 2 RL profile and so users should consider commenting out the range restriction or change the range to rdfs:Literal in applications that are constrained to OWL 2 RL.
relates something to the length of time it has existed
specifies a fixed reference point within a series or timeline
With respect to a scoped measure, such as an economic indicator, the anchor date specifies the reference date against which the value of a numeric index for a more recent date is compared (i.e., the starting point from which it stems).
relates something to the date on which it is accurate or valid (e.g. a credit report has an asOfDate that means the date when the information was drawn)
It is different from the creation date and need not be the last date of the DatePeriod covered.
identifies a period of time used in computing a calendar-specified date, such as a calendar week, calendar month, calendar quarter, or calendar year
has closing date time
the day and time at which something closes
specifies the total number of things in a collection, such as the number of entries in a regular schedule
indicates the date something was included in something else
relates something to the date it arrived or was delivered, e.g., a loan application request
rule that specifies how a specified date is computed
The rule is modeled as a simple String because OWL2 provides no way to model the semantics of such a rule.
identifies any special period at the end of a regular schedule
identifies any special period at the start of a regular schedule
has opening date time
the day and time at which something opens
specifies a number designating place in an ordered sequence, i.e., 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.
Negative ordinal numbers mean 1st before, 2nd before, etc.
identifies a date period that includes all the dates of a schedule, including any schedule stubs
indicates the frequency with which some event or publication occurs
Note that this property is distinct from hasDurationValue, as a relative duration may resolve to a relative date or date time (both of which are time points) rather than an interval, which would result in a logical inconsistency if its parent property is hasDurationValue.
links an abbreviated period at the start or end of some schedule to the overall schedule
indicates whether a calendar-specified date is figured from the beginning or end of a calendar period
identifies a specific date that a relative date or relative date period references
actual execution of some computation, computational process, or operation that was scheduled or triggered by something
kind of event that is either scheduled or triggered by something, such as a related financial event, that causes a calculation to be performed
A calculation event may be prescriptive, that occurs within a specified period, or ad hoc.
A calculation event related to a debt instrument might be a rate reset event, calculation of interest subsequent to a rate change, an amortization calculation, calculation of interest and/or recalculation of principal due to a late payment, etc. A calculation event related to an investment might involve the adjustment of the number of shares owned, such as a redemption or dividend related event.
happening of an OccurrenceKind, i.e., an event
Each occurrence has a date time stamp, which identifies when the event occurred, and, optionally, a location (possibly virtual), that identifies where the occurrence happened.
In order for other ontologies to accept FinancialDates without committing to the particular notions of 'Occurrence' and 'OccurrenceKind' that is modeled here, all aspects of Occurrences are captured in this ontology.
calculated date that is defined with respect to the occurrence of some occurrence kind
The 'hasDateValue' property of an OccurrenceBasedDate is not set until the Occurrence happens. The 'triggeredBy' property relates an OccurrenceBasedDate to the OccurrenceKind that gives the meaning of the OccurrenceBasedDate.
classifier that specifies the general nature of an occurrence (event)
As types (or categories) of events, OccurenceKinds do not happen; OccurenceKinds describe Occurrences which happen and exemplify an OccurenceKind. As occurrences are things that actually happen, they have an actual date where as OccurenceKinds do not have an actual date.
In order for other ontologies to accept FinancialDates without committing to the particular notions of 'Occurrence' and 'OccurrenceKind' that is modeled here, all aspects of Occurrences are captured in this ontolog
identifies a date associated with an event (occurrence)
identifies a date or date and time value associated with an event (occurrence)
relates something (e.g. an occurrence) to something that is used as an input to some activity or process
identifies events of a given occurrence kind, typically as they occur in a schedule
relates something (e.g. an occurrence) to something that is the result of some activity or process
indicates a precondition, requirement, or other contribution (e.g., data) to some activity, process, system, report, analysis, etc.
indicates post condition or other product of some activity, process, system, report, analysis, etc.
An OccurrenceBasedDate is triggered by an Occurrence that exemplifies the OccurrenceKind.
intention specifying a desired direction, condition, or situation toward which an agent's actions are directed, without requiring precise scope or measurable criteria
Business aims are sometimes considered broad, long-term goals, and in such cases, the term 'aim' is used interchangeably with goal. Here, however we differentiate between qualitative goals and quantitative objectives, both of which are kinds of aims, with the critical differences including measurability and time frame. Goals tend to have a much longer trajectory, provide the basis for determining objectives, and are often aligned with an organization's mission, whereas objectives are short term and measurable.
way of addressing an aim or problem characterized by high-level planning and systematic execution, without presupposing scope or granularity
objective that reflects the strategic goals and direction of a business within a time frame and available resources
Business objectives allow an organization to define its goals and direction. A company uses strategy and tactics at every level of its operation to achieve its objectives. These define the way a company allocates its resources and the strengths, weaknesses and opportunities it may have. Companies usually do not alter their objectives once they are implemented, unless changes in circumstances arise. Setting a clear course for the organization is key to its success.
In general, objectives are more specific and easier to measure than goals. Objectives are basic tools that underlie all planning and strategic activities. They serve as the basis for creating policy and evaluating performance. Some examples of business objectives include minimizing expenses, expanding internationally, or making a profit.
strategy for achieving a specific business goal, objective, solution or outcome
strategy for making a product or service available, or for distributing funds, such as in the form of a dividend or coupon
objective that reflects the strategic financial goals and direction of a party within a time frame and available resources
aim distinguished by broad scope and aspirational character, often qualitative and long-term, in order to achieve a desired state
Many people endeavor to reach goals within a finite time by setting deadlines.
financial objective used by an investor to determine whether or not a given potential investment is appropriate for themselves or on behalf of another party
An investor whose objective is capital growth might choose to invest in more aggressive, growth-oriented mutual funds and/or stocks, over income-generating mutual funds and/or bonds.
The combination of investment objectives and risk tolerance are typically used to identify appropriate investment options.
financial objective that aims to support geographically centralized, community development needs
approach distinguished by systematic, repeatable procedures and operational specificity for doing or calculating something, consisting of defined steps or rules to achieve a result
aim distinguished by specific scope and measurable criteria, often quantitative and short-term that a party seeks to attain, typically in order to achieve its long-term goals
program
programme
state of affairs and coordinated set of activities designed to obtain benefits not available from managing them individually
program identifier
programme identifier
sequence of characters uniquely identifying a specific program within the context in which that program is administered
program name
programme name
contextual designation for a program within the context in which that program is administered
state of affairs and unique and temporary organization, designed to deliver a tangible output
A project has a fixed - generally fairly short - timeframe, and a project manager is responsible for delivering the output on time and on budget.
sequence of characters uniquely identifying a specific project within the context in which that project or an overarching program is administered
strategy for selling something, including allocating resources to the sales process, reducing costs, and optimizing revenues
high-level approach that guides decision-making and the coordination of actions and plans in pursuit of some aim
A strategy is a high-level plan or approach designed to achieve a long-term goal or outcome, often by choosing among different possible methods or courses of action. A strategy may involve activities that are needed in order to achieve specific goals or objectives. It may take into account one or more policies or any number of restrictions and constraints. Strategies are typically distinguished by long-term orientation, adaptive planning, and broad scope.
analytical activity that investigates a specified area of interest, to determine its characteristics, relationships, constraints, or implications
Studies involve exploration, analysis, sometimes modeling, and sometimes evaluation, but are not necessarily focused on evaluation and may or may not be criteria-based, which distinguishes it from the concept of an assessment. In a business context, a study might map capabilities, analyze value streams, or model information flows. Only some studies produce an assessment (e.g., capability maturity assessment). A clinical research study may observe, test, or model phenomena, and may or may not result in a clinical or risk assessment. A study conducted as part of a project or larger programme may explore feasibility, options, impacts, or requirements.
financial objective that integrates economic performance, environmental stewardship, and social responsibility as co-equal criteria for success
deals with, handles, or gives attention to
aims to achieve within a time frame and with available resources
indicates something, such a goal or objective, that is dealt with by
claim
demand or assertion made by one party on another, based on facts that, taken together, give rise to a legally enforceable right or judicial action
Claims arise from the existence of a formal commitment between the parties or as implicitly agreed upon through the operation of law or constitution.
contingent obligation
obligation that depends on a future event or the performance of an action
contingent right
right that depends on a future event or the performance of an action
Contingent means that the interest, claim, or right is conditional, realized only when and if something occurs.
contractual capability
the capacity to enter into legally binding contracts
This is the capacity which defines Contractually Capable Entity (sometimes labeled as 'Legal Entity') as distinct from 'Legal Person'. In the latter case the liabilities incurred in the contract accrue also to the Legal Person. In the case of contractual capability, the entity has the authority to enter into contracts, whether or not the liabilities accrue to that same entity (which they do if it is also a Legal Person). For Legal Entities which are not Legal Persons, the liability unwinds to some legal person within the structure of the entity, for example a General Partner or a Trustee.
legally enforceable benefit or entitlement arising from a contract, agreement, or instrument, in which an entity holds specified rights or obligations related to the performance, use, or benefit of something, without necessarily holding ownership
Contractual interest may include rights to income, access, use, or participation, and is governed by the terms and conditions of the underlying contract. It may be transferable or limited, and can coexist with or be independent of ownership rights.
Contractual interests differ from ownership interests in terms of (1) the source of rights, which are specified in an agreement or contract in the case of contractual interests, and in terms of title or equity with respect to ownership, (2) control, which is typically limited at best in the case of contractual interest, and (3) transferability, which depends on the terms of the contract. Examples of contractual interest include fund units, leaseholds, annuities, and rights to certain services, whereas shares, real estate, and assets of a trust reflect ownership interest.
legally binding obligation that arises from the terms of a contract
Contractual obligations require a party to perform or refrain from performing specific actions, and failure to meet an obligation can result in legal consequences.
contractual right that may be exercised at some point in the future, such as an option to extend a contract, or other available but not obligatory rights as defined in the contract
legally enforceable benefit or entitlement granted to a party within a binding agreement
Contractual rights are established by the terms of a contract, which can be explicit (written) or implied by law, industry standards, or consistent practices.
institutionalized and legal power inherent in a particular job, function, or position that is meant to enable its holder to successfully carry out his or her responsibilities, where such power has been delegated through some formal means
This specifically means the authority to make legally binding commitments.
This is always accompanied by an equal responsibility for one's actions or a failure to act.
delivery obligation
obligation to deliver something in order to satisfy a claim or debt
A delivery obligation is the responsibility of one party to deliver goods, services, instruments, money, or other specified items to another party, typically as outlined in an agreement. Failure to do so may result in breach of contract if the obligation is specified as such, which may have further legal ramifications.
some obligation which exists and is imposed on some individual
This can also be thought of as an obligation - not in the sense in which an obligation and a right are the converse aspects of one another, but in and of itself, independent of the perspective from which it is considered. Examples include statutory obligations, reporting obligations and so on.
the capability to carry out certain actions or to have certain rights together with the resources to do so
something which is conferred by way of law or contract, such as a right
Obligations are an aspect of this category of thing, as are rights.
an obligation or duty that is enforceable by a court
personal right, privilege, or benefit that a government, contract, or law provides or protects, making an individual or entity eligible to receive something
A legal right, if challenged, may be supported in court as recognizable and enforceable in law, statutes, regulations, or other legislative actions.
This entitlement creates a corresponding obligation for the provider to deliver that benefit.
liability capacity
Note that for the purposes of this model, this is distinct from culpability (the ability to commit criminal acts). That would be a separate and analogous term but with grounding in criminal rather than civil law.
grant of permission needed to do something
Note that in some cases, a license may also be considered an agreement or contract, depending on the specifics of the license and jurisdiction.
a party to whom a license has been granted
the legal capacity to pursue a litigation action in law
notification obligation
requirement for one party to formally inform another party (or parties) about specific events, actions, or changes as outlined in the agreement
Common triggering events include breaches, changes in circumstances, delays, or other kinds of events that may have a material impact on the agreement.
system of principles, rules and guidelines, adopted by an organization to guide decision making with respect to particular situations and implemented via procedures or protocols to achieve stated goals
Many government agencies issue regulations to administer laws.
policy specifying principles, rules and/or guidelines regarding some aspect of reporting
For example a policy for how frequently a given kind of report is produced.
entitlement to perform certain actions (or not), or to be in certain states (or not); or entitlement that requires others to perform certain actions or be in certain states (or not)
Examples include contractual rights, legal rights, human rights, political rights, and so forth.
Rights dominate modern understandings of what actions are permissible and which institutions are just. Rights structure the form of governments, the content of laws, and the shape of morality as many now see it. To accept a set of rights is to approve a distribution of freedom and authority, and so to endorse a certain view of what may, must, and must not be done. According to the Hohfeldian incidents (Wesley Hohfeld (1879-1918)), rights are complex and consist of four major components: privilege, claim, power, and immunity.
the capacity of some natural person to sign agreements on the part of some organization or legal person
identifies an individual or organization that has some ability and availability to carry out certain actions, or has certain rights or obligations
has proportionate, non-exclusive entitlement to
Fractional interest may be expressed as a percentage, ratio, or unit count, and typically arises in contexts where multiple parties share contractual claims to income, usage, ownership, or participation. It does not imply full control or sole ownership, and may be subject to limitations specified in the underlying legal framework.
carries out or puts into effect, fulfills
strongly suggests or involves as a logical consequence based on some set of observations, facts, or events
identifies an individual or organization on which a given legal capacity has been conferred
This includes capacities specific to duties at law (such as those for corporate officers) as well as the ability or capacity to incur liability.
indicates a party to which some benefit or right has been granted
indicates something that is carried out, incorporated or put into effect by
A regulation may be implemented by or more corporate policies. Such policies, in turn, may be implemented via various systems, executed by humans and/or automation, that can be audited for compliance purposes.
indicates something that is strongly suggested by something else, such as a logical consequence based on some set of observations, facts, or events
indicates the party that has issued a particular license to some other party
is predicated on
depends on an assumption or requirement stated in
issues a license required in order to perform some task, provide some service, exercise some privilege, or pursue some line of business or occupation to some party
set of basic principles by which an organization is governed, especially in relation to the rights of the people it governs
A constitution is an aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed.
person or body of persons having judicial authority to hear and resolve disputes on the basis of statutes or the common law
A court of law is a formal forum of justice that may have authority over civil, criminal, ecclesiastical, or military cases.
rule recognized by some community as regulating the behavior of its members and that it may enforce through the imposition of penalties
Law is a term which does not have a universally accepted definition. Certain laws are made by governments, specifically by their legislatures although the sense intended here is broader. The formation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution (written or unwritten) and the rights encoded therein. The law shapes politics, economics and society in countless ways and serves as a social mediator of relations between people.
statute law
In the United States, statutes may also be called acts, such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Federal laws must be passed by both houses of Congress, the House of Representative and the Senate, and then usually require approval from the president before they can take effect.
Statutes may originate with national, state legislatures or local municipalities. Statutory laws are subordinate to the higher constitutional laws of the land.
relates a jurisdiction or situation to a rule, regulation or law (collectively "law") that is currently in force in that situation or jurisdiction
identifies a jurisdiction in which some law has effect
person in the service of another under any contract of hire, express or implied, oral or written, where the employer has the right to control and direct that person in the material details of how the work is to be performed
party that provides compensation, including wages or a salary and potentially other benefits, in exchange for work performed by one or more people, and that has the right to control and direct the employee in the material details of how the work is to be performed
employment
situation representing the state of being employed, i.e., the relationship that holds between an employer and employee for some period of time
This definition does not include workers in contingent arrangements, such as independent contractors, leased employees, temporary employees, on-call workers, and others that do not have a direct contractual relationship with the employer. The distinction is important for legal reasons, particularly for regulatory reporting with respect to responsible parties such as corporate officers, lending officers, others authorized or licensed to perform certain tasks, and traders, for example.
In the broadest sense, employment is the situation in which someone is fully engaged in doing something that they want to do. From a FIBO perspective, however, employment is understood to be more specific. It is the relationship between two parties, evidenced by an implicit or explicit contract, in which work is compensated and in which one party, a legal person, typically a formal organization, acts as the employer and the other, typically a legally capable natural person, as the employee.
collection of agents (people, organizations, software agents, etc.) that are considered as a unit
indicates someone that is employed by the legal person
identifies the employee in an employment situation
indicates an employee that is employed by the employer
identifies employer in an employment situation
indicates the party (legal person or formal organization) that employs someone
indicates the context of employment in which someone is employed
identifies the formal organization for which the employee works
relates a party in the role of employer to the context of employment
situation in which some party has the power to direct or strongly influence the direction of the management and policies related to something
Control may be direct (explicit) or indirect (implicit), derived through ownership of voting shares, beneficial ownership, other ownership relations, through provisions of a contract, or otherwise.
something over which some party exercises some form of control with respect to some situation
actor that exercises some form of control in the context of some situation
At this level of abstraction it is not defined whether the control is some degree of controlling interest, or some level of actual control (asserted or calculated) in some entity.
control that exists informally and is accepted, although not formally recognized
For example, de facto acquisition or change of control means the acquisition, directly or indirectly, by any person or group of persons acting jointly or in concert, of beneficial ownership of, or control or direction over, sufficient voting shares of some legal entity to permit such person or persons to exercise, or to control or direct the voting of, 50 percent or more of the total number of votes in that entity.
control that exists as a matter of law, i.e., legitimate, legal control of something
indicates the party that exercises authority or influence over something
indicates the actor in the context of a control situation
indicates something controlled in the context of a control situation
indicates a controlling party that has some amount of authority or influence over it
indicates the context of control in which something is being controlled
indicates the context of control in which the party plays the role of controlling something
indicates something that a controlling party has some amount of authority or influence over
indicates the date or date and time that some level of authority or influence was first put in place
indicates something controlled that a controlling party has some amount of authority or influence over
something of monetary value that is owned or provides benefit to some party
Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements, paragraph 25.
An asset is something that provides probable future economic benefit obtained or controlled by some party as a result of past transactions or events. An asset has three essential characteristics: (a) it embodies a probable future benefit that involves a capacity, singly or in combination with other assets, to contribute directly or indirectly to future net cash inflows, (b) a party can obtain the benefit and control others' access to it, and (c) the transaction or other event giving rise to the party's right to or control of the benefit has already occurred.
identifiable, non-monetary asset that lacks physical substance
Intangible assets may include intellectual property, patents, copyrights, trademarks, rights-of-way (easements), brands, organizational abilities (know-how), and data.
Intangible assets include assets that may involve a legal claim to some future benefit, typically a claim to future cash. Intangible assets have become an increasingly larger component of the valuation for all companies, from newer social media companies to even the most established and iconic manufacturers.
party that is legally recognized as having the right to possess, the privilege to use, and ability to transfer any rights or privileges associated with something, as permitted by law
ownership
situation in which some party holds the legal title to something (explicitly or implicitly) and has the right to transfer that title and/or possession
Ownership is the right to possess, use, sell, donate or give as a gift any asset or property belonging to a person known as the 'owner'. An owner can be either a beneficial owner or a legal owner.
asset that is a physical, measurable resource, i.e., one that takes a physical form
Tangible assets include cash, cash equivalents and accounts receivables (AR), inventory, equipment, buildings and real estate, crops, and investments. Tangible assets such as art, furniture, stamps, gold, wine, toys and books of significant value may be included in an individual or organization's asset portfolio.
indicates the asset in an ownership situation
identifies the actor that holds title to the asset in an ownership situation
indicates the context of ownership in which something is an asset
indicates the context of ownership in which the party plays the role of owner
indicates something that a party holds title to and may possess
situation in which some party owns and controls something
relates something to the party that owns, influences, manages and directs it
directs and exercises authoritative or dominating influence over some thing that is also owned
basic rule: if x controls y and x owns y then x owns and controls y SWRL rule: controls(?x, ?y), owns(?x, ?y) -> ownsAndControls(?x, ?y)
system for allocating identifiers to roles that parties play
sequence of characters, capable of uniquely identifying a party based on a specific role that they play in some context
identification scheme used to identify taxpayers in some jurisdiction
identifier assigned to a taxpayer that enables compulsory financial charges and other levies to be imposed on the taxpayer by a governmental organization in order to fund government spending and various public expenditures
Tax identifiers are used for various tax-related purposes in the United States and in other countries under the Common Reporting Standard (CRS).
identifies a physical address where an independent party can receive communications, including letters and packages
address
index to a location to which communications may be delivered
system for allocating addresses to objects
apartment
apartmento
room or a group of related rooms, among similar sets in one building, designed for use as a dwelling
basement
part of a building consisting of rooms that are partly or entirely below ground
building
relatively permanent enclosed structure, that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place
physical address that identifies a location on a street to which communications may be delivered
Other unconventional addresses may include rural and highway route addresses, general delivery addresses, post office box addresses, private mail center addresses, and so forth.
departamento
department
division of a large organization such as a government, university, business, or shop, dealing with a specific subject, commodity, or area of activity
floor
all of the rooms or areas on the same level of a building; a story
Labeling systems for floors vary from country to country, and may be specific to the building, for example, whether or not a 13th floor is identified as such tends to be on a case-by-case basis.
front
side or part of a building that presents itself to view first, that faces the street; the most forward part of a building
code element that gives directional information for postal delivery
In the United States, these include N, S, E, W, NE, NW, SE, SW.
hanger
shed or shelter; any relatively wide structure used for housing airplanes or airships
key
usually metal instrument by which the bolt of a lock is turned
lobby
entrance hall, corridor, or vestibule, as in a public building, often serving as an anteroom; foyer
lot
measured parcel of land having fixed boundaries and designated on a plot or survey
lower
floor of a building in a multistory structure that is closer to ground level
office
place where a particular kind of business is transacted or a service is supplied
penthouse
structure or dwelling on the roof or top floor of a building
physical address
physical address where communications can be addressed, papers served or representatives located for any kind of organization or person
An address may be used as an index to the location of a building, apartment, office within an office block, or other structure or parcel of land, often using political boundaries and street names as references, along with other information such as house or building numbers or names. Some addresses also contain secondary elements such as apartment or building numbers, or special codes to aid routing of mail and packages.
Typically, addresses will have only one postcode expressed either as a string value or individual, and only a municipality (individual) or city (string value).
unique identifier for a physical address
Physical address identifiers may include bar codes, QCR codes, and +codes in a number of countries.
scheme for specifying physical addresses according to a country specific standard
pier
structure extending into navigable water for use as a landing place or promenade
post code area
physical area uniquely identified by some postal code
post office box associated with an address
Post office box identifiers are only unique to a given jurisdiction, which may be a post office, town, or other region.
physical address used to deliver communications to a designated container at a local post office or the local equivalent for the jurisdiction, where mail is held until the recipient collects it, rather than to a given house, building, or other location
post office box designator
designator used, together with an identifier, for a post office box
In the U.S., the preferred designator is 'PO BOX'.
postcode
sequence of characters used to assist in the sorting of mail
geographic directional symbol that follows the street name and street suffix in a street address
geographic directional symbol that occurs after the primary street number but before the street name in a street address
address component that identifies a location with respect to a given street
Although traditionally called a 'number', the street number may consist of alphanumeric characters, for example, '221B'.
rear
side or part of a building at the back, located opposite its front
geographic region or subdivision identifier used internally by a country or other region
room
partitioned part of the inside of a building
address component that identifies an individual unit within a larger structure, such as an apartment, office, hangar, slip, mailbox, and so forth, at a given street address
classifier for a smaller structure or component within a larger facility, such as an apartment, office, mail stop, or other similar designation
Note that only certain secondary units require a secondary range, such as an apartment number, to complete a delivery point.
index to the specific unit within a secondary unit, such as a building or apartment, at a particular street address
side
place, space, or direction with respect to a center or to a line of division
slip
sloping ramp extending out into the water to serve as a place for landing or repairing ships; ship's or boat's berth between two piers
space
extent set apart or available, such as a parking or storage space
stop
stopping place, such as a bus or mail stop
index to a location that consists of a primary address number, predirectional, street name, suffix, postdirectional, and an optional secondary unit
identifier for a street in some context (e.g., city, municipality, geographic region)
classifier for a street or other delivery location, such as a dwelling located along a waterway
The suffix may provide some insight into the size or length of the street, though not necessarily consistently. In some cities, the suffix differentiates the street from another in the same context, such as 19th Street vs. 19th Avenue in San Francisco.
name for a building, house, office complex, shopping center, or other structure or group of structures
Examples include 'McCoy Center', which is the name of the office complex where JPMorgan Chase's Polaris facility is located, 'Apple Park', which is the name of the corporate headquarters of Apple, Inc., and 'Howells Bridge Cottage', which is the name of a very old cottage in Cornwall.
suite
address component that provides additional information that is important to ensuring proper delivery of communications
Supplemental components include post office box information, rural route and highway contract route information, private mailboxes, and so forth, that are not part of a conventional street address.
classifier for supplemental address information, such as a highway contract route, rural route, building complex, shopping center, condominium complex, mail box, or other similar designation
address component that includes a specific route, box, apartment, condominium or other indicator or unit associated with a specific address
trailer
vehicle designed to serve wherever parked as a temporary dwelling or place of business
unit
area in a facility, such as a medical facility or hospital that is specially staffed and equipped to provide a particular service or type of care
upper
floor of a building in a multistory structure that is farther away from the ground level
address identifying a virtual, i.e. non-physical, location
indicates a means by which something (in the case of a network address) or some entity may be located or contacted or may receive correspondence
This element SHALL be omitted if address line 2 is omitted.
an optional, free text address line denoting the intended recipient
indicates the local or international postcode element of a delivery address as specified by the local postal service
an optional, free text address line containing explicit routing information (this elements's presence indicates that this address is a routing / 'care of' address)
the postal code of this address as specified by the local postal service
specifies a geographic directional symbol that follows the street name and street suffix in a street address
specifies a geographic directional symbol that occurs after the primary street number but before the street name in a street address
specifies a a location with respect to a given street
specifies an individual unit within a larger structure, such as an apartment, office, hangar, slip, mailbox, and so forth, at a given street address
indicates a fully-specified address component that consists of a primary address number, predirectional, street name, suffix, postdirectional, and an optional secondary unit
specifies an identifier for a street in some context (e.g., 'Baker', 'First', 'Main')
specifies an additional qualifier for a street or other delivery location, such as a dwelling located along a waterway
specifies an identifier for a building, house, office complex, shopping center, or other structure or group of structures
identifies a transliterated (i.e., in Latin or Romanized ASCII) address for the registered entity
if true, indicates that an additional qualifier is needed to complete the delivery point description, such as an apartment number
Note that in some cases, such as for lobby or office, if there are multiple secondary units then a range may be needed to differentiate between them, even if the range is not always required.
delivery address that has all the address elements necessary to allow an exact match with the current Postal Service ZIP+4 and City State files to obtain the finest level of ZIP+4 and delivery point codes for the delivery address
A complete address may be required on mail at some automation rates.
system of numeric codes that substitute for specified delivery point details according to the U.S. Postal Service Publication 28
specific set of digits between 00 and 99 assigned to a delivery point
When combined with the ZIP + 4 code, the delivery point code provides a unique identifier for every deliverable address served by the USPS. The delivery point digits are almost never printed on mail in human-readable form; instead they are encoded in the POSTNET delivery point barcode (DPBC) or as part of the newer Intelligent Mail Barcode (IMB).
delivery address whose delivery address line uses 'UNIT' followed by the unit identifier, followed by 'BOX' followed by box number, in place of a street address, 'DPO' as the literal value for the city, and the appropriate armed forces subdivision code in place of a subdivision (state) code
component of a Department of State address that includes 'UNIT' followed by the unit identifier
East
Este
delivery address that uses the words 'GENERAL DELIVERY', uppercase preferred, spelled out (no abbreviation), in place of a street address
The value of the +4 component of a ZIP+4 code should be '9999'.
highway contract route associated with an address
delivery address whose delivery address line uses the abbreviation 'HC', followed by the route identifier, followed by 'BOX' followed by box number, in place of a street address
designator for a route served by an independent contractor rather than directly by the U.S. Postal Service
physical address that explicitly includes a country
mailbox, other than a U.S. Post Office box, associated with an address
designator for a mail box other than a U.S. Post Office box
Norte
North
Noreste
Northeast
geographic directional symbol for Northeast
Noroeste
Northwest
geographic directional symbol for Northwest
delivery address whose delivery address line uses an abbreviation for the unit or command such as 'CMR', 'PSC', or 'UNIT', or 'HC', followed by the unit identifier, followed by 'BOX' followed by box number, in place of a street address, either 'APO' or 'FPO' as the literal value for the city and the appropriate armed forces subdivision code in place of a subdivision (state) code
delivery address provided by a commercial mail receiving company that includes a supplementary address line containing the abbreviation 'PMB' or the pound "#" symbol followed by the mailbox number; alternatively, 'PMB' or '#" and the mailbox number can be appended to the street address
delivery address for a delivery point in Puerto Rico that may include a supplementary address line containing the abbreviation 'URB' followed by the name of the urbanization area that is appropriate for that address
mail route outside the city or township limits in a rural area associated with an address
delivery address whose delivery address line uses the abbreviation 'RR', followed by the route identifier, followed by 'BOX' followed by box number, in place of a street address
designator for a mail route outside the city or township limits in a rural area
South
Sur
Southeast
Sureste
geographic directional symbol for Southeast
Southwest
Suroeste
geographic directional symbol for Southwest
delivery address that is fully spelled out, abbreviated by using the Postal Service standard abbreviations or as given in the current Postal Service ZIP+4 file
combined with the ZIP + 4 code, the delivery point code provides a unique identifier for every deliverable address served by the USPS
The delivery point digits are almost never printed on mail in human-readable form; instead they are encoded in the POSTNET delivery point barcode (DPBC) or as part of the newer Intelligent Mail Barcode (IMB).
an area, sector, or development within a larger geographic area
This URB descriptor, commonly used in urban areas of Puerto Rico, is an important part of the addressing format, as it describes the location of a given street.
Oeste
West
five-digit code code assigned to a delivery address indicating the state and post office or postal zone
nine-digit number consisting of five digits, a hyphen, and four digits, which the USPS describes by its trademark ZIP+4
The correct format for a numeric ZIP+4 code is five digits, a hyphen, and four digits. The first five digits represent the 5-digit ZIP Code; the sixth and seventh digits (the first two after the hyphen) identify an area known as a sector; the eighth and ninth digits identify a smaller area known as a segment. Together, the final four digits identify geographic units such as a side of a street between intersections, both sides of a street between intersections, a building, a floor or group of floors in a building, a firm within a building, a span of boxes on a rural route, or a group of Post Office boxes to which a single USPS employee makes delivery.
system used in the U.S. to facilitate the delivery of mail, consisting of a five- or nine-digit code Zone Improvement Plan (ZIP) printed directly after the address, the first five digits (initial code) indicating the state and post office or postal zone, the last four (expanded code) the box section or number, portion of a rural route, building, or other specific delivery location
indicates area, sector, or development within a geographic area relevant to a delivery address
US-specific code for the state designation for Armed Forces Americas, excluding Canada
Canadian and US-specific code for the designation for Alberta
US-specific code for the state designation for Armed Forces Europe, the Middle East, and Canada
US-specific code for the designation for Alaska
US-specific code for the designation for Alabama
US-specific code for the state designation for Armed Forces Pacific
US-specific code for the designation for Arkansas
US-specific code for the designation for American Samoa
US-specific code for the designation for Arizona
narrow passageway between or behind buildings
addition appended to something else, such as another street
arched or covered passageway, usually with shops on each side
state designation for Armed Forces Americas, excluding Canada
Armed Forces Americas
state designation for Armed Forces Europe, the Middle East, and Canada
Armed Forces Europe, the Middle East, and Canada
state designation for Armed Forces Pacific
Armed Forces Pacific
broad road in a town or city, typically having trees at regular intervals along its sides
Canadian and US-specific code for the designation for British Columbia
creek, secondary watercourse, or minor river that is tributary to another body of water
shore of a body of water covered by sand, gravel, or larger rock fragments
curve, especially a sharp one, in a road, river, racecourse, or path
deepest or lowest part of something, such as the bottom of a hill
broad thoroughfare in a city, usually having areas at the sides or center for trees, grass, or flowers
structure carrying a road, path, railroad, or canal across a river, ravine, road, railroad, or other obstacle
multiple small, natural freshwater streams
road passing around a town or its center to provide an alternative route for through traffic
US-specific code for the designation for California
US-specific code for the designation for Colorado
US-specific code for the designation for Connecticut
US-specific code for the designation for the District of Colombia
US-specific code for the designation for Delaware
US-specific code for the designation for Florida
US-specific code for the designation for Georgia
US-specific code for the designation for Guam
US-specific code for the designation for Hawaii
US-specific code for the designation for Iowa
US-specific code for the designation for Idaho
US-specific code for the designation for Illinois
US-specific code for the designation for Indiana
US-specific code for the designation for Kansas
US-specific code for the designation for Kentucky
US-specific code for the designation for Louisiana
US-specific code for the designation for Massachusetts
Canadian and US-specific code for the designation for Manitoba
US-specific code for the designation for Maryland
US-specific code for the designation for Maine
US-specific code for the designation for Michigan
US-specific code for the designation for Minnesota
US-specific code for the designation for Missouri
US-specific code for the designation for the outlying area of Northern Mariana Islands
US-specific code for the designation for Mississippi
US-specific code for the designation for Montana
Canadian and US-specific code for the designation for New Brunswick
US-specific code for the designation for North Carolina
US-specific code for the designation for North Dakota
US-specific code for the designation for Nebraska
US-specific code for the designation for New Hampshire
US-specific code for the designation for New Jersey
Canadian and US-specific code for the designation for Newfoundland and Labrador
US-specific code for the designation for New Mexico
Canadian and US-specific code for the designation for Nova Scotia
Canadian and US-specific code for the designation for Northwest Territories
Canadian and US-specific code for the designation for Nunavut
US-specific code for the designation for Nevada
US-specific code for the designation for New York
US-specific code for the designation for Ohio
US-specific code for the designation for Oklahoma
Canadian and US-specific code for the designation for Ontario
US-specific code for the designation for Oregon
US-specific code for the designation for Pennsylvania
Canadian and US-specific code for the designation for Prince Edward Island
US-specific code for the designation for Puerto Rico
Canadian and US-specific code for the designation for Quebec
US-specific code for the designation for Rhode Island
US-specific code for the designation for South Carolina
US-specific code for the designation for South Dakota
Canadian and US-specific code for the designation for Saskatchewan
US-specific code for the designation for Tennessee
US-specific code for the designation for Texas
US-specific code for the designation for the United States Minor Outlying Islands
subdivision code for the state designation for Armed Forces Americas, excluding Canada
subdivision code for the state designation for Armed Forces Europe, the Middle East, and Canada
subdivision code for the state designation for Armed Forces Pacific
US-specific code for the designation for Utah
US-specific code for the designation for Virginia
US-specific code for the designation for the U.S. Virgin Islands
US-specific code for the designation for Vermont
US-specific code for the designation for Washington
US-specific code for the designation for Wisconsin
US-specific code for the designation for West Virginia
US-specific code for the designation for Wyoming
Canadian and US-specific code for the designation for Yukon
personal property
asset that is a movable item or possession not fixed to land
Personal property may include tangible assets, such as machinery, furniture, vehicles, artwork, and jewelry, regardless of whether such assets are owned by a person or organization, and intangible assets, including but not limited to intellectual property and financial instruments.
event that involves analyzing one or more aspects of a real property
The concept of a property inspection is separate from conducting an overarching appraisal. Examples are termite inspections, construction inspections, evaluation for completion of some milestone, improvement, correction, etc.
report covering the findings of a property inspection
real estate
real property, interests in mortgages on real property (including interests in mortgages on leaseholds of land or improvements thereon), and shares in qualified real estate investment trusts
The term 'mortgages on real property' includes deeds of trust on real property. Note that interpretation of the term 'real estate' is context-dependent - this broader interpretation is used in tax law in the US and elsewhere.
real estate asset
real property
physical asset defined as land together with any structures that are permanently attached to that land, such as houses, trees, fences and improvements
Real property may be classified according to its general use as residential, commercial, agricultural, industrial, or special purpose. This term is sometimes used synonymously with 'real estate', though not in all circumstances under US law.
Real property typically encompasses both the physical land and everything that lies above, below, or on its surface, including any fixed structures, natural resources, and rights or interests (e.g., mineral rights). There are cases, such as condominiums, in which the interior of the structure is owned by a party that may not own the land. There are also cases in which certain long-term leases have similar characteristics to ownership, but are time-bound.
parcel
value assessment that estimates the amount of money some real property is worth
The valuation uses one or more methodologies and is conducted by an appraiser or technology with a logical model that performs the same function.
unique identifier given to identify a specific real property in some jurisidiction
virtual address that defines an electronic messaging endpoint to which email messages can be delivered, typically via an Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) based communications system
Electronic mail, abbreviated e-mail or email, is a method of composing, sending, and receiving messages over electronic communication systems. The term e-mail applies both to the Internet e-mail system based on the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) and to intranet systems allowing users within one company or organization to send messages to each other. Often these workgroup collaboration systems natively use non-standard protocols but have some form of gateway to allow them to send and receive Internet e-mail. Some organizations may use the Internet protocols for internal e-mail service.
a virtual location that may be identified by a network address (an identifier for a node or interface)
an abstract place; one of many commonly understood concepts such as domestic, Eurozone etc.
virtual address that may be assigned to a fixed-line telephone subscriber station connected to a telephone line or to a wireless electronic telephony device, such as a radio telephone or a mobile telephone, or to other devices or services for data transmission via the public switched telephone network (PSTN) or other public and private networks
Telephone numbers are assigned within the framework of a national or regional telephone numbering plan to subscribers by telephone service operators, which may be commercial entities, state-controlled administrations, or other telecommunication industry associations.
specifies an electronic messaging endpoint at which some entity may be located or contacted or may receive correspondence
indicates a virtual address composed of a sequence of digits and symbols that may be assigned to a fixed-line telephone subscriber station, a wireless electronic telephony device, such as a radio telephone or a mobile telephone, or other similar device or service
a party to whom a debt should be paid, or to whose order a bill of exchange, note, or check is made payable, or who receives or will receive a payment from a payer in partial or complete fulfillment of an obligation
a party who pays a bill or fees, or who makes payments to a payee in partial or complete fulfillment of an obligation
delivery of money in fulfillment of an obligation, such as to satisfy a claim or debt
an event that involves delivery of money in fulfillment of an obligation
legally enforceable duty to pay a sum of money according to the terms stated in a contract
the duty of a borrower to repay a loan, related to the legal right of a lender to enforce payment
schedule for delivery of money in fulfillment of an obligation
Examples include coupon payment, loan payment, and interest payment schedules, among others.
satisfies a requirement for payment of some claim, debt, or other obligation
specifies the amount of money involved in a payment
specifies the schedule for fulfillment of an obligation
party that purchases something in exchange for money or other consideration under a contract of sale
A buyer is the party that acquires, or agrees to acquire, ownership (in case of goods), or benefit or usage (in case of rights or services), something in the context of a sale, and may or may not be an end user of the product, good, service, or right.
party that purchases professional services from, or has a formal relationship to purchase services from another party
sequence of characters uniquely identifying a client within the context of some organization
material resource used in commerce that is interchangeable with other commodities of the same type
Commodities are most often used as inputs in the production of other goods or services. The quality of a given commodity may differ slightly, but it is essentially uniform across producers.
party that utilizes economic goods or services, typically for personal, family, or household purposes
The general notion of a consumer includes an end user, and is not limited to a purchaser, in the distribution chain of a good or service
product that takes the form of an agreement
This represents the case where the product itself is a contract, such as a life insurance policy or financial instrument, rather than a product or service whose terms of use, license to use, or terms of service are specified in a product.
contractual product that is finalized through specification of values for parameters defined in a template
product that is made to order, commissioned based on a customer's specifications
party that receives or consumes products (goods or services) and has the ability to choose between different products and suppliers
sequence of characters uniquely identifying a customer within the context of some organization
physical, produced item over which ownership rights can be established, whose ownership can be passed from one party to another by engaging in transactions, and that is not money or real estate
An inherently useful and relatively scarce tangible item produced from agricultural, construction, manufacturing, or mining activities. Off-the-shelf products, including off-the-shelf software products and customization of software products, are generally considered to be goods. Energy, such as electricity, is also considered to be a good from a legal perspective, and meets the criteria of being manufactured or produced via some process, including but not limited to a mining process. According to the UN Convention On Contract For The International Sale Of Goods, the term 'good' does not include (1) items bought for personal use, (2) items bought at an auction or foreclosure sale, (3) aircraft or ocean-going vessels.
From the Universal Commercial Code (UCC) in the United States, the term 'good' includes (i) fixtures, (ii) standing timber that is to be cut and removed under a conveyance or contract for sale, (iii) the unborn young of animals, (iv) crops grown, growing, or to be grown, even if the crops are produced on trees, vines, or bushes, and (v) manufactured homes. The term also includes a computer program embedded in goods and any supporting information provided in connection with a transaction relating to the program if (i) the program is associated with the goods in such a manner that it customarily is considered part of the goods, or (ii) by becoming the owner of the goods, a person acquires a right to use the program in connection with the goods. The term does not include a computer program embedded in goods that consist solely of the medium in which the program is embedded. The term also does not include accounts, chattel paper, commercial tort claims, deposit accounts, documents, general intangibles, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, letters of credit, money, or oil, gas, or other minerals before extraction.
commodity that can be bought or sold in some marketplace
product that is readily available from merchandise in stock, or can be quickly and easily configured to order, not specially designed or custom-made
commercially available off-the-shelf product
grower, maker, fabricator, or manufacturer of some product or other good
commercially distributed good that is (1) tangible property, (2) the output or result of a fabrication, manufacturing, or production process, or (3) something that passes through a distribution channel before being consumed or used.
Financial products include contracts that are developed via a financial service-specific process, such as a life insurance policy, demand deposit account or financial instrument, for example. Leases and rentals are similar in that they are initiated via some contractual development process, wherein the product is the right to use something for some period of time.
sequence of characters uniquely identifying a product in some context
party that makes, offers or contracts to make a sale to an actual or potential buyer
written contract between a client and service provider whereby the service provider supplies some service in the form of time, effort, and/or expertise in exchange for compensation
party that provides goods or services that some party wants or needs, especially over a long period of time
A supplier may be distinguished from a contractor or subcontractor, who commonly adds specialized input to deliverables.
written communication from a seller or service provider reciting the relevant details of a transaction
any sale, assignment, lease, license, loan, advance, contribution, or other transfer of any interest in or right to use any property (tangible or intangible) or money, however that transaction is effected, and regardless of whether the terms of the transaction are formally documented
links a party in the role of purchaser to something that they have purchased or plan to purchase
links a party in the role of purchaser to a party from which they have made or are planning to make a purchase
has buyer
indicates the purchasing party in the context of a sales transaction
has seller
indicates the vendor in the context of a sales transaction
identifies the service provider that provisions the service or facility
identifies the party (supplier, vendor, distributor, etc.) that makes a product available
customizes, provides, or outfits something required for use in delivering a service
links a party in the role of broker, dealer, vendor, or merchandiser to something that they make available for sale
links a party in the role of broker, dealer, vendor, or merchandiser to a purchaser or potential purchasing party
links a party in the role of outfitter, provisioner, distributor, etc. to something that they provide
something that another concept stands for, exemplifies, symbolizes, or otherwise mentions
relationship between an event or set of events or factors (the cause) and a second event, phenomenon, situation, or result (the effect), where the second event or outcome is understood as a consequence of the first
grants or bestows by virtue of some authority
This property should be read as describing the conferral of some legal power or duty, some commitment or some social construct, and is a property of some social construct such as an agreement or some legal authority. These concepts, which would describe the kind of thing of which this is a property, and the kinds of thing in terms of which this property is framed, are outside the scope of this mode land so are not shown.
is an expression of, gives a tangible or visible form to (an idea, quality, or feeling), makes concrete and perceptible
assesses the nature, quality, or ability of someone or something
gives something in return something else
produces through the application of one or more mathematical or logical steps or rules
indicates an alternate name of by which something is known
indicates a name by which something is frequently referred, without reference to any formal usage or structure
relates an individual or organization to a position, role, or other designation
indicates a name by which something is known for some official purpose or context, or which is structured in some way such as to always follow the same format regardless of usage
specifies the name used to refer to a party in legal communications
combination of alphanumeric characters corresponding to a label for something
Text-valued tags may be useful for automated transformation or encoding systems, such as those used to produce IETF compliant language tags in XML. Such tags are required to be string-valued in FIBO, but not language-tagged strings.
is the relationship between a party and something it possesses, or over which it exercises some ownership or control or has at its discretion the ability to dispose of it as it sees fit
(of a situation or event) includes (something) as a necessary part or result
is the relationship between an event (the effect) and a second event (the cause), where the first event is understood as a consequence of the second; also, the relationship between a set of factors (causes) and a phenomenon (the effect)
a relationship between a right or obligation and the vehicle, such as an agreement or contract, that vests (or confers) said right or obligation
This property should be read as describing some legal power or duty, some commitment or some social construct being conferred as a result of some social construct such as an agreement or some legal authority. These concepts, which would describe the kind of thing of which this is a property, and the kinds of thing in terms of which this property is framed, are outside the scope of this model and so are not shown.
identifies some party or something that produces something via some equation, logic, or rules
indicates the party that possesses and has at least partial control of something, regardless of ownership
indicates a functional entity or party responsible for circulating, distributing, or publishing something
relates a responsibility, capacity, or action to that which requires it
identifies the producer that fabricates, manufactures or otherwise creates something through some production process
relates something to a commitment, contract, law, obligation, requirement, regulation, or similar concept that requires it
creates through a fabrication, manufacturing or production process
indicates a name by which something was known in the past
standard deviation for some measure over a specific reference period
Standard deviation applied to the annual rate of return of an investment provides insights on the historical volatility of that investment. The greater the standard deviation of the price of a security, the greater the volatility. Multiplying monthly standard deviation by the square root of twelve (12) is an industry standard method of approximating annualized standard deviations of monthly returns.
sum of a collection of numbers divided by the number of numbers in the collection
While the arithmetic mean is often used to report central tendencies, it is not a robust statistic, meaning that it is greatly influenced by outliers (values that are very much larger or smaller than most of the values). Notably, for skewed distributions, such as the distribution of income for which a few people's incomes are substantially greater than most people's, the arithmetic mean may not accord with one's notion of 'middle', and robust statistics, such as the median, may be a better description of central tendency.
average of the absolute deviations from a central point
The central point can be the mean, median, mode, or the result of another measure of central tendency. Absolute deviation is the distance between each value in the data set and that data set's mean or median.
quantity by which amounts differ; the remainder left after subtraction of one value from another
degree of scatter or variability shown by observations
Common examples of measures of statistical dispersion are the variance, standard deviation, and interquartile range. The collection size argument, above, represents the number of elements in the set, if known. The collection of values under consideration is represented as a structured collection in FIBO, typically a sample set derived from a finite population.
A measure of statistical dispersion is a nonnegative real number that is zero if all the data are the same and increases as the data become more diverse.
It is usually measured as an average deviation about some central value (e.g. mean deviation, standard deviation) or by an order statistic (e.g. quartile deviation, range) but may also be a mean of deviations of values among themselves (e.g. Gini's mean difference and also standard deviation).
population for which it is possible to count its units
In statistics, a population is a set of similar items or events of interest for some question or experiment. In other words, a population is the complete group of units to which survey results are to apply. (These units may be persons, animals, objects, businesses, trips, etc.). See http://www.statcan.gc.ca/edu/power-pouvoir/glossary-glossaire/5214842-eng.htm#p.
rule expressed in letters and symbols that consists of at least one expression
mean that indicates the central tendency or typical value of a set of numbers by using the product of their values (as opposed to the arithmetic mean which uses their sum)
The geometric mean is defined as the nth root of the product of n numbers. A geometric mean is often used when comparing different items - finding a single 'figure of merit' for these items - when each item has multiple properties that have different numeric ranges. For example, the geometric mean can give a meaningful 'average' to compare two companies which are each rated at 0 to 5 for their environmental sustainability, and are rated at 0 to 100 for their financial viability. If an arithmetic mean were used instead of a geometric mean, the financial viability is given more weight because its numeric range is larger - so a small percentage change in the financial rating (e.g. going from 80 to 90) makes a much larger difference in the arithmetic mean than a large percentage change in environmental sustainability (e.g. going from 2 to 5).
measurable target that indicates how an individual or business is performing in terms of meeting its goals
Examples include profits, sales numbers, employee turnover and average annual expenses.
Although they are both designed to measure performance, KPIs and metrics have different characteristics and are used by businesses in different ways. Metrics are measures used to track progress and evaluate success, while KPIs are metrics tied to specific goals during a certain period of time. KPIs are designed to align with business goals and targets, while metrics evaluate the performance of particular processes.
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are the critical (key) quantifiable indicators of progress toward an intended result. KPIs provide a focus for strategic and operational improvement, create an analytical basis for decision making and help focus attention on what matters most. Managing with the use of KPIs includes setting targets (the desired level of performance) and tracking progress against those targets.
most common measure of central tendency; the average of a set of numbers
When unqualified, the mean usually refers to the expectation of a variate, or to the arithmetic mean of a sample used as an estimate of the expectation.
value of the variate dividing the total frequency of a data sample, population, or probability distribution, into two halves
The basic advantage of the median in describing data compared to the mean is that it is not skewed by extremely large or small values, and may provide a better idea of a 'typical' value.
This measure represents the middle value (if n is odd) or the average of the two middle values (if n is even) in an ordered list of data values. The median divides the total frequency distribution into two equal parts: one-half of the cases fall below the median and one-half of the cases exceed the median.
median of the absolute deviations of observations from the average which may be the arithmetic mean, the median or the mode
numeric value of some aggregate relative to the value of that aggregate as of some date
A mathematical device or number which is used to express the observation (e.g., price level, volume of trade, relative amount etc.) of a given period, in comparison with that of a prior period.
statistical measure that is constrained by features, quantity kinds or units that refine how it is calculated
measure of the extent to which the estimate of a characteristic from different possible samples of the same size and the same design differ from one another
The word 'sampling' can usually be omitted, as being defined by the context or otherwise understood. The sampling variance of a statistic is the square of its standard error.
qualified measure that is constrained by filters on the statistical population to which it applies
Note that (1) the anchor date reflects the start of the current series, such as 1982-1984 for the CPI, (2) the fixed comparative date might be something like March 2009, if one is comparing a current index against its value at the end of the great recession, (3) the relative comparative date might be something like a month or year ago, depending on the analysis requirements, and (4) the relative comparative period might be a 3 month average prior value, again depending on the analysis requirements.
square root of variance that measures the spread or dispersion around the mean of a data set
The most widely used measure of dispersion of a frequency distribution introduced by K. Pearson (1893). It is equal to the positive square root of the variance. The standard deviation should not be confused with the root mean square deviation.
While standard deviation is the most widely-used measure of spread, using squared deviations, it may not be the most robust.
physical location that is defined per some program for designating geographic regions for the purposes of tabulating and presenting statistical data
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/display/IND/Statistics+Canada+Census+Information
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=6358041
identifier for a physical location that is defined per a nationally consistent program for designating geographic regions for the purposes of tabulating and presenting statistical data
summary (means, mode, total, index, etc.) of the individual quantitative variable values for the statistical units in a specific group (study domain)
Statistical measures may consist of several orthogonal characteristics, including (a) whether they reflect an estimate or variable, (b) the datatype, or from a FIBO perspective, nature of the measure (e.g., index, total, ratio, percent, percent change, mean, others), (c) the population (or the universe that applies to the highest level if defined in general) to which the measure applies, and (d) any relevant aspects used to subset or stratify a measure, (i.e., make them apply to a smaller universe).
statistical universe filtered by time and region
A common aim of statistical analysis is to produce information about some chosen population. In statistical inference, a subset of the population (a statistical sample) is chosen to represent the population in a statistical analysis. If a sample is chosen properly, characteristics of the entire population that the sample is drawn from can be estimated from corresponding characteristics of the sample.
program that presents a detailed investigation and analysis of a subject or situation involving one or more studies or surveys
collection representing the total membership, or 'universe', of people, resources, products, services, events, or entities of interest for some question, experiment, survey or statistical program
A statistical universe can be a group of actually existing objects (e.g. the set of all stars within the Milky Way galaxy) or a hypothetical and potentially infinite group of objects conceived as a generalization from experience (e.g. the set of all possible hands in a game of poker).
measure of spread, calculated as the average squared deviation of each number from the mean of a data set
expression or function that determines the relative importance or influence of a given element of a set with respect to the whole
Given a sample size of 1000, and a population of 300M, then the chance that any individual is selected is 1 in 300K. In that case, 300K is the weight assigned to each of the elements in the sample.
For certain indices, one of the most common weighting factor is by market capitalization. In that case, each of the elements in the basket is multiplied by its market cap to determine its relative importance to the basket overall.
With respect to discrete calculations, weighting functions are positive functions defined on discrete sets, such as weighted sums and weighted averages.
specifies the a specific date, such as the end of the last recession (e.g., March 2009) against which the scoped measure is compared
specifies a concise way of expressing information symbolically, as in a mathematical or chemical formula
indicates the date and time that the measurement was taken
indicates the coverage period for which the measure is applicable expressed in months
specifies the quantity value from which something is subtracted; the value that is diminished
indicates the number of elements in some document, table, or other resource (e.g., in a report, table)
specifies a collection of values over which some analysis is performed
For certain calculations, such as certain measures of dispersion, date value pairs are expected as input, in other words, a dated structured collection.
specifies a recurrence interval (monthly, quarterly, annual) that a statistical measure reflects
indicates the number of elements in a given population
specifies a reference (baseline) recurrence interval for which a given measure applies
specifies a date against which the value of a scoped measure is compared (e.g., one month prior, three months prior, etc., and typically against a prior release or average over prior releases)
specifies a period (typically a prior period) against which the scoped measure is compared, such as an average set of values for some period of time compared with a more recent or projected average for a forward looking period of time
specifies the date on which something is published
A release date is typically a date fixed in advance for the release of a film, recording, document, report, or product or publication.
specifies the date and time on which something is published
specifies the quantity value that is subtracted from something
specifies a collection of values that represent planned or projected goals or objectives for some something over time
indicates the number of elements in a given universe
indicates an amount given to increase or decrease the importance of an item
high-level description of the approach taken to obtain the result
indicates whether the measure reflects an estimate (approximation) or not
entity that is considered deprecated but included for informational purposes because it is referenced by some provisional concept
Informative content will be removed as soon as all dependencies have been eliminated, thus FIBO users should not depend on it going forward.
classifier used to indicate the state of an artifact with respect to its development lifecycle
FIBO currently has three maturity levels: Informative, Provisional, and Release.
classifier used to indicate a category used to modularize something based on principles of the model driven architecture methodology (MDA), including but not limited to separation of concerns, coherence, and establishing clear logical boundaries in order to increase reusability and maintainability
A module should be designed to reflect these principles, including a small number of models that have well-defined relationships with one another, that form a coherent and cohesive whole for some purpose, and that have clear boundaries or interfaces to other modules.
entity that is considered to be under development
Provisional content is subject to change, and may change substantially prior to release. FIBO users should be aware that it is not dependable, but could be used for reference and as the basis for further work.
entity that is considered to be stable and mature from a development perspective
Release notes will be provided for any changes with respect to released content, and any revisions will be backwards compatible with the prior version to the degree possible.
frequently used designation for an entity
document or other source from which a given definition was taken directly; the range for this annotation can be a string, URI, or BibliographicCitation
links something to its state with respect to a development lifecycle
recommended designation for an entity in some context
document or other source from which a given term was taken directly; the range for this annotation can be a string, URI, or BibliographicCitation
measure of the average daily wage an employee makes over the reporting period
measure of the average wage an hourly or salaried worker makes in a given period of time
Average earnings are typically calculated on an hourly, daily, weekly, or monthly basis. They may be expressed as an amount of money or in terms of a percent change with respect to a prior period, depending on the jurisdiction and report.
measure of the average hourly wage an employee makes over the reporting period
measure of the average monthly wage an employee makes over the reporting period
measure of the average weekly wage an employee makes over the reporting period
capital-labor-energy-materials multifactor productivity
ratio of a quantity index of gross output to a quantity index of combined inputs
Shows the time profile of how productively combined inputs are used to generate gross output. Conceptually, the KLEMS productivity measure captures disembodied technical change. In practice, it reflects also efficiency change, economies of scale, variations in capacity utilisation and measurement errors.
capital-labor multifactor productivity (MFP), based on value added
ratio of a quantity index of value added to a quantity index of combined labor and capital input
Capital-labour MFP indices show the time profile of how productively combined labour and capital inputs are used to generate value added. Conceptually, capital-labour productivity is not, in general, an accurate measure of technical change. It is, however, an indicator of an industry's capacity to contribute to economy-wide growth of income per unit of primary input. In practice, the measure reflects the combined effects of disembodied technical change, economies of scale, efficiency change, variations in capacity utilisation and measurement errors.
capital productivity, based on value added
ratio of a quantity index of value added to a quantity index of capital input
Changes in capital productivity indicate the extent to which output growth can be achieved with lower welfare costs in the form of foregone consumption.
The capital productivity index shows the time profile of how productively capital is used to generate value added. Capital productivity reflects the joint influence of labour, intermediate inputs, technical change, efficiency change, economies of scale, capacity utilisation and measurement errors.
person that is not a member of the military (i.e., that is not on active duty)
subset of the civilian, non-institutional population considered to be part of the labor force during a given reporting period
economic indicator representing the rate of participation the labor force of a given economy for some specified period
The labor force participation rate is the percentage of the population that is either employed or unemployed (that is, either working or actively seeking work).
civilian labor force ÷ civilian non-institutional population
legal working-age person that does not live in an institution (for example, a correctional facility, long-term care hospital, or nursing home), and is not on active military duty
The working-age population is the total population in a region, within a set range of ages, that is considered to be able and likely to work. The working-age population measure is used to give an estimate of the total number of potential workers within an economy. For example, in the U.S., it is 16, whereas in Canada it is 15.
statistical universe consisting of people of a certain age who reside in a given region, do not live in institutions (for example, correctional facilities, long-term care hospitals, and nursing homes), and are not on active military duty
The civilian non-institutional population is typically reported in thousands.
combination of adjacent metropolitan and micropolitan areas with economic ties measured by commuting patterns
These areas that combine retain their own designations as metropolitan or micropolitan statistical areas within the larger combined statistical area.
economic indicator representing measure of the change over time in the prices of consumer goods and services that households consume
explicit recurrence interval of one day, or 24 hours
subset of the marginally attached population that have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work
statistical measure of economic activity that is regular and comparable in the context of a statistical area (region), used for analysis of economic performance and predictions of future performance
Example indicators include the average work week, weekly claims for unemployment insurance, new orders, vendor performance, stock prices, and changes in the money supply.
Barron's Dictionary of Business and Economic Terms, Fifth Edition, 2012
The two main features of any indicator are the regularity with which they are measured and published, and the fact that they are comparable from one release to the next.
subset of the civilian labor force considered to be employed during the reporting period
There are a number of distinctions with respect to how individuals are counted from country to country, including whether or not they are considered employed if they are on unpaid leave for some reason, and whether or not they are counted multiple times if they have more than one paying job.
subset of the employed population that includes persons that are working fewer than 30 to 35 hours per week based on usual working hours
In the U.S., part-time workers are those who usually work fewer than 35 hours per week. See https://www.bls.gov/cps/definitions.htm for additional details.
The definition of part-time varies considerably from country to country according to the OECD. Classification may be based on (1) employee perception, (2) usual working hours, which is the most reliable measure, or (3) actual working hours, which varies due to holidays, illness, etc.
employed population part-time for economic reasons
subset of the employed population that includes persons that are working fewer than 30 to 35 hours per week due to slack work, unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, and seasonal declines in demand
population employed part-time for economic reasons
employed population part-time for non-economic reasons
subset of the employed population that includes persons that are working fewer than 30 to 35 hours per week due to illness or other health or medical limitations, childcare problems, family or personal obligations, being in school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and having a job where full-time work is less than 35 hours
population employed part-time for non-economic reasons
employed population temporarily not at work
subset of the employed population that includes persons that are temporarily absent from work for various reasons
This includes persons temporarily not at work because of illness or injury, holiday or vacation, strike or lockout, educational or training leave, maternity or parental leave, reduction in economic activity, temporary disorganisation or suspension of work due to such reasons as bad weather, mechanical or electrical breakdown, or shortage of raw materials or fuels, or other temporary absence with or without leave should be considered as in paid employment provided they had a formal job attachment.
economic indicator representing the ratio of the employed population with respect to the overall civilian non-institutional population of a given economy for some specified period
employed population ÷ civilian non-institutional population
functional business entity that produces and/or sells goods or services
An enterprise (a private firm, government, or nonprofit organization) can consist of a single establishment or multiple establishments. All establishments in an enterprise may be classified in one industry (e.g., a chain), or they may be classified in different industries (e.g., a conglomerate).
statistical universe consisting of enterprises designed for the purposes of supporting surveys such as those used as the basis for employment and producer price indices
an enterprise (or part of an enterprise) that operates from a single physical location
The physical location of a certain economic activity - for example, a factory, mine, store, or office. An individual establishment is generally classified by having one NAICS code associated with it for statistical purposes, whereas an enterprise may be classified by multiple NAICS codes. The statistical structure is defined based on the operating structure and the accounting data produced by that entity. A given location may only need to publish revenues, whereas an operating unit (establishment) has employment statistics, etc. An establishment is defined as a producing unit at a single geographical location at which or from which economic activity is conducted and for which, at a minimum, employment data are available. In the case of a home-based business, the actual physical location would be specified as two distinct institutional units - as a household from a personal living and consumer perspective and as an establishment / operating unit due to the statistics required of the business.
economic indicator representing the total number of persons who work in or for the establishment including working proprietors, active business partners and unpaid family workers, as well as persons working outside the establishment when paid by and under the control of the establishment, for example, sales representatives, outside service engineers and repair and maintenance personnel
Also included are salaried managers and salaried directors of incorporated enterprises. The total should include part-time workers and seasonal workers on the payroll, persons on short-term leave (sick leave, maternity leave, annual leave or vacation) and on strike, but not persons on indefinite leave, military leave or pension. Excluded are directors of incorporated enterprises and members of shareholders committees who are paid solely for their attendance at meetings, labour made available to the establishment by other units and charged for, such as contract workers paid through contractors, persons carrying out repair and maintenance work in the establishment on behalf of other units and all homeworkers.
a subset of the enterprise population focused on establishments
basket of goods and services whose quantity and quality are held fixed for some period of time
statistical universe consisting of specific goods and/or services designed for the purposes of supporting surveys such as those used as the basis for price indices
statistical area defined by a government agency
economic indicator representing the broadest measure of aggregate economic activity, measuring the total unduplicated market value of all final goods and services produced within a statistical area in a period
BEA's Handbook of Methods for GDP and related national accounts, available at https://www.bea.gov/methodologies/index.htm#national_meth
GDP represents a valuation expressed in terms of the prices actually paid by the purchaser after all applicable taxes and subsidies.
Gross domestic product (GDP) is the value of the goods and services produced by the nation's economy less the value of the goods and services used up in production. GDP is also equal to the sum of personal consumption expenditures, gross private domestic investment, net exports of goods and services, and government consumption expenditures and gross investment. Conceptually, this measure can be arrived at by three separate means: as the sum of goods and services sold to final users, as the sum of income payments and other costs incurred in the production of goods and services, and as the sum of the value added at each stage of production. Although these three ways of measuring GDP are conceptually the same, their calculation may not result in identical estimates of GDP because of differences in data sources, timing, and estimation techniques.
explicit recurrence interval of one hour, or 60 minutes
individual or small group of persons who occupy a housing unit (such as a house or apartment) as their usual place of residence, who pool some, or all, of their income and wealth and who consume certain types of goods and services collectively, mainly housing and food
A household may be either (a) a one-person household, that is to say, a person who makes provision for his or her own food or other essentials for living without combining with any other person to form part of a multi-person household or (b) a multi-person household, that is to say, a group of two or more persons living together who make common provision for food or other essentials for living. The persons in the group may pool their incomes and may, to a greater or lesser extent, have a common budget; they may be related or unrelated persons or constitute a combination of persons both related and unrelated. A household may be located in a housing unit or in a set of collective living quarters such as a boarding house, a hotel or a camp, or may comprise the administrative personnel in an institution. The household may also be homeless.
From the perspective of the U.S Census Bureau, a household includes the related family members and all the unrelated people, if any, such as lodgers, foster children, wards, or employees who share the housing unit. A person living alone in a housing unit, or a group of unrelated people sharing a housing unit such as partners or roomers, is also counted as a household. The count of households excludes group quarters [such as institutional facilities]. There are two major categories of households, 'family' and 'nonfamily'.
house, an apartment, a mobile home or trailer, a group of rooms, or a single room occupied as separate living quarters, or if vacant, intended for occupancy as separate living quarters
Separate living quarters are those in which the occupants live separately from any other individuals in the building and which have direct access from outside the building or through a common hall. For vacant units, the criteria of separateness and direct access are applied to the intended occupants whenever possible.
economic indicator representing a change in prices of goods and services for a specified period, for a given statistical area
Always either includes or excludes: Energy prices; Food prices. ALL inflation rates cite whether or not they exclude energy and food prices. If nothing stated it is assumed they include them.
Inflation rate can be used to define changes, from period-to-period, in wage (wage inflation), house prices or producer inputs/outputs. It can be calculated month-over-month and quarter-over-quarter, as well as year-over-year, or on any periodic basis required by the publisher and its community of interest.
economic indicator representing measure of the rate of change over time in the prices of inputs of goods and services purchased by the producer
person that resides in an institution for some reason, due, for example, to hospitalization, rehabilitation, or incarceration
party that is capable, in its own right, of owning assets, incurring liabilities, and engaging in economic activities and in transactions with other parties
There is a hierarchical relationship between institutional units and establishments. An institutional unit contains one or more entire establishment(s); an establishment belongs to one and only one institutional unit. There are two main types of units in the real world that may qualify as institutional units, namely persons or groups of persons in the form of households, and legal or social entities.
labor productivity, based on gross output
ratio of a quantity index of gross output to a quantity index of labor input
Gross-output based labour productivity traces the labour requirements per unit of (physical) output. It reflects the change in the input coefficient of labour by industry and can help in the analysis of labour requirements by industry.
Shows the time profile of how productively labour is used to generate gross output. Labour productivity changes reflect the joint influence of changes in capital, intermediate inputs, as well as technical, organisational and efficiency change within and between firms, the influence of economies of scale, varying degrees of capacity utilisation and measurement errors.
labor productivity, based on value added
ratio of a quantity index of value added to a quantity index of labor input
At the aggregate level, value-added based labour productivity forms a direct link to a widely used measure of living standards, income per capita. Productivity translates directly into living standards, by adjusting for changing working hours, unemployment, labour force participation rates and demographic changes.
Shows the time profile of how productively labour is used to generate value added. Labour productivity changes reflect the joint influence of changes in capital, as well as technical, organisational and efficiency change within and between firms, the influence of economies of scale, varying degrees of capacity utilisation and measurement errors.
subset of the population that includes people who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months
one or more adjacent counties or county equivalents that have at least one urban core area of at least 50,000 population, plus adjacent territory that has a high degree of social and economic integration with the core as measured by commuting ties
one or more adjacent counties or county equivalents that have at least one urban core area of at least 10,000 population but less than 50,000, plus adjacent territory that has a high degree of social and economic integration with the core as measured by commuting ties
person that is a member of the active duty military
explicit recurrence interval of exactly one (1) month, regardless of the length in days of a given calendar month, but typically 30 days
economic indicator representing measure of the rate of change over time in the prices of products sold as they leave the producer
economic indicator representing measure of the value of the goods and services purchased by, or on the behalf of, 'persons'
Personal consumption expenditures consist of purchases of goods and services by households and by nonprofit institutions serving households (NPISHs). These goods and services include imputed expenditures on items such as the services of housing by a homeowner (the equivalent of rent), financial and insurance services for which there is no explicit charge, and medical care provided to individuals and financed by government or by private insurance.
subset of the civilian, noninstitutional population, that is considered neither employed nor unemployed by the reporting agency during the reporting period
economic indicator representing measure of the rate of change over time in the prices of goods and services bought and sold by producers
Statistical agencies implement the Laspeyres index by putting it into price-relative (price change from the base period) and revenue-share (from the base period) format. In this form, the Laspeyres index can be written as the sum of base-period revenue shares of the items in the index times their corresponding price relatives. Statistical agency practice has introduced some approximations to the theoretical Laspeyres target due to a number of practical problems with producing the Laspeyres index exactly. For these and other pragmatic reasons, some agencies use alternatives depending on circumstances. See the IMF publication cited for a full explanation of the most commonly used approaches and trade-offs made for determining PPI.
The standard methodology for a typical PPI is based on a Laspeyres price index with fixed quantities from an earlier base period. The construction of this index can be thought of in terms of selecting a basket of goods and services representative of base-period revenues, valuing this at base-period prices, and then repricing the same basket at current-period prices. The target PPI in this case is defined to be the ratio of these two revenues. Practicing statisticians use this methodology because it has at least three practical advantages. It is easily explained to the public, it can use often expensive and untimely weighting information from the date of the last (or an even earlier) survey or administrative source (rather than requiring sources of data for the current month), and it need not be revised if users accept the Laspeyres premise.
economic indicator representing ratio of a volume measure of output to a volume measure of input use
The primary objectives of productivity measurement include: (a) tracing technology change, i.e., the currently known ways of converting resources into outputs desired by the economy, (b) identifying changes in efficiency, (c) understanding real cost savings, (d) benchmarking production processes, and (e) assessing standards of living. Productivity measures may also be single factor or multifactor.
publisher that packages and makes analytical and statistical data available
person that is the ultimate user of a good, product or service
For the purposes of the CPI and related statistics, the definition of consumer is limited to humans. In general, a consumer could include a pet, as the consumer of pet food, for example, although the pet owner would likely be the purchaser and target of advertising.
The consumer is not always the purchaser of the product. Consumers are considered to be the users of the final product. For example, purchasers of building products are interim users of these products while constructing the finished product, which then may be purchased by the consumer.
consumer as defined by the Consumer Price Index (CPI)
subset of the employed population that includes persons employed part-time for economic reasons, who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule
underemployed population with respect to occupation
subset of the underemployed population that includes persons employed in a role that does not reflect their training and experience, excluding those that change careers
subset of the civilian non-institutional population that includes persons employed part-time for economic reasons, persons that are marginally attached to the labor force, and persons that are identified as unemployed
subset of the civilian labor force that is considered to have had no employment but was available for work, except for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to find employment sometime during a specified period, during the reporting period
Persons who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which they had been laid off need not have been looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
economic indicator representing the ratio of the unemployed population with respect to the civilian labor force of a given economy for some specified period
Persons are classified as unemployed if they do not have a job, have actively looked for work in the prior 4 weeks, and are currently available for work. Workers expecting to be recalled from layoff are counted as unemployed, whether or not they have engaged in a specific jobseeking activity. In all other cases, the individual must have been engaged in at least one active job search activity in the 4 weeks preceding the interview and be available for work (except for temporary illness).
unemployed population ÷ civilian labor force
economic indicator representing a weighted average of the input and output producer price indices
explicit recurrence interval of one week, or 7 days
indicates whether the calculation of the index includes energy and food prices or not
specifies the starting point statistical universe or population used for comparison or analysis
specifies the subset of the baseline statistical universe or population used for comparison or analysis
specifies the length of time, typically in weeks, that people classified as unemployed have been continuously looking for work
specifies a quantity value for a given indicator
specifies the original starting date for the time series for a given economic indicator
a predicate indicating whether some published formal method is applied that compensates for seasonal variations in the population or index value
Example explanation from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics: Because price data are used for different purposes by different groups, the Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes seasonally adjusted as well as unadjusted changes each month. ... Seasonal factors used in computing the seasonally adjusted indexes are derived by the X-13ARIMA-SEATS Seasonal Adjustment Method. Seasonally adjusted indexes and seasonal factors are computed annually. Each year, the last five years of seasonally adjusted data are revised.
economic indicator representing a measure of changes over time in the prices of a fixed basket of consumer goods and services that Canadian private households consume
a statistical universe consisting of all private households in Canada, with the exception of soldiers on military bases, people living on First Nations reserves, institutionalized persons, and households living in the rural areas of the three northern territories
an economic indicator representing a measure of the change over time in the prices of a fixed-basket of domestic producer goods and services
Note that Canada does not produce a high level, cross industry PPI per se. Canadian PPIs are published by industry sector. Three of the most important are captured in the union defined herein, which may be expanded over time to integrate others, as needed.
individual representing the functional entity that is the primary publisher of statistical information for the Canadian Government
a classifier for a sector of the economy used for price indices focused on major commodities sold by manufacturers in Canada
a classifier for a sector of the economy used for price indices focused on contractors' selling prices of new residential houses, where detailed specifications pertaining to each house remain the same between two consecutive periods
a classifier used for price indices related to raw materials purchased by industries in Canada for further processing
Statistics Canada
Statistique Canada
individual representing Statistics Canada, a government agency mandated to collect, compile, analyse, abstract and publish statistical information relating to the commercial, industrial, financial, social, economic and general activities and condition of the people of Canada
statistical information publisher comprised of the government agencies and departments that publish statistical information on behalf of the U.S. Federal Government
Examples of American statistical information publishers include the Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis (Commerce), Census Bureau (Commerce), Bureau of Labor Statistics (Labor), Department of the Treasury, and the Federal Reserve Board, among others.
the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the principal Federal agency responsible for measuring labor market activity, working conditions, and price changes in the economy
Its mission is to collect, analyze, and disseminate essential economic information to support public and private decision-making. As an independent statistical agency, BLS serves its diverse user communities by providing products and services that are objective, timely, accurate, and relevant.
statistical program conducted on a regular basis that provides information on the buying habits of consumers, including data on their expenditures, income, and consumer unit (families and single consumers) characteristics
survey conducted on a regular basis that presents analytical information related to businesses and government agencies, in order to provide detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers
survey conducted on a regular basis that presents analytical information related to the general population of a given statistical area with respect to labor force, employment, unemployment, persons not in the labor force, hours of work, earnings, and other demographic and labor force characteristics
employment situation establishment survey
survey conducted on a regular basis that presents analytical information related to the labor force of a given statistical area, surveyed with respect to businesses, and is, for the most part, seasonally adjusted
a survey conducted on a regular basis that presents analytical information related to the labor force of a given statistical area, surveyed with respect to households, and is, for the most part, seasonally adjusted
a survey conducted on a regular basis that presents analytical information focused on the employment characteristics of a given statistical area
a program conducted on a regular basis that provides information on purchases of various items and services by consumers
an economic indicator representing a measure of the change over time in the selling prices received by domestic producers for their output
individual representing the U.S. Department of Labor, a government department whose mission is to foster, promote, and develop the welfare of the wage earners, job seekers, and retirees of the United States; improve working conditions; advance opportunities for profitable employment; and assure work-related benefits and rights
an economic indicator representing a measure of the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services
a statistical universe for consumer expenditure surveys consisting of people within a household that make joint expenditure decisions
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, http://www.bls.gov/cpi/
In the United States, the CPI-U population, which covers about 88 percent of the U.S. population, covers households in all areas of the United States except people living in rural nonmetropolitan areas, in farm households, on military installations, in religious communities, and in institutions such as prisons and mental hospitals.
foreign exchange service involving the conversion of currency of one country or group of countries for another, typically, but not always, as a counter transaction
A currency exchange service may be provided by a stand-alone business or may be part of the services offered by a bank or other financial institution. The currency exchange profits from its services either through adjusting the exchange rate or taking a commission.
rate of exchange between two currencies for settlement at some future point in time, expressed as a premium on the spot rate
measure of exchange rate fluctuation based on a range of projected values for exchange rates
indicative spot buying market rate as observed by the reporting source
indicative middle market (mean of spot buying and selling) rate as observed by the reporting source
rate at which one currency may be exchanged for another for immediate delivery
Spot rates represent the prices buyers pay in one currency to purchase a second currency. Although the spot exchange rate is for delivery on the earliest value date, the standard settlement date for most spot transactions is two business days after the transaction date.
indicative spot selling market rate as observed by the reporting source
measure of exchange rate fluctuation based on a range of past actual values for exchange rates
structured collection of quoted or projected exchange rates, such that volatility may be constructed for the structure
statistical measure of the rate of change in the rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another
Volatility is modeled here using a structured collection, comprised of a series of individual exchange rates (either projected or prior quoted rates), dates, and the source for those rates for some overall period of time
financial service involving the exchange of one currency for another, conversion of one currency for another, and transfer of money from one country to another whereby currency conversion is required
international electronic funds transfer service
electronic funds transfer (EFT) service involving the transfer of funds across national borders, that may also involve currency conversion
exchange rate quoted at a specific point in time, for a given block amount of currency as quoted against another (base) currency
An exchange rate of R represents a rate of R units of the quoted currency to 1 unit of the base currency.
has exchange rate quotation source
indicates the origin of a quoted exchange rate
indicates the amount of the dealt currency which would be exchanged in a trade for which the stated spot rate applies
indicates the settlement period for a trade for which the stated spot rate applies
indicates the quote currency in an exchange rate; R units of this currency represent one unit of the base currency
has quoted exchange rate
rate of exchange between two currencies as specified as of some date and time as quoted by a specific source
an exchange rate expressed as a premium on the spot rate for the currency pair
overall level of a given rate, calculated as the sum of some selected observed values of the rates for a particular reference rate, foreign exchange rate, lending rate, or other market rate divided by the number of samples collected over the course of a twenty-four (24) hour period for a specific date
value of a given market rate of the end of the business day for a specific date
historical volatility measure of past trading ranges of prices of underlying securities and indexes
Calculations for historical volatility are generally based on the change from one closing price to the next.
measure of volatility that uses actual values for pricing, rates, and other measurements calculated over some prior period
measure of volatility that represents the expected fluctuations of an underlying stock or index over a specific time frame
measure of volatility that is a forward-looking metric used to calculate probability
value of a rate established in the marketplace for a set of instruments or that describes the economic climate for an industry and/or political region (e.g., SOFR, Prime)
Financial market rates include, but are not limited to reference rates, foreign exchange rates, lending rates, bankers' acceptance rates, and so forth.
Market rates include but may not be limited to the following: (1) Index: Statistical composite that measures changes in the economy or in financial markets, often expressed in percentage changes from a base year or from the previous month (2) Money Rate: Benchmark or guideline for interest rates determined by central banks or economical climate as a whole (3) Bankers' Acceptance Rate: Benchmark reflecting market fluctuations of Bankers' Acceptance issued instruments (4) Commercial Paper Rate: Benchmark reflecting market fluctuations of Commercial Paper issued instruments (5) Certificate of Deposit Rate: Benchmark reflecting market fluctuations of Certificate of Deposit issued instruments (6) Interbank Rate (7) Prime (8) Time Deposit Rate: Benchmark reflecting market fluctuations of Deposit/Redeposit issued instruments
known collectively (in the CFI Standard) as referential instruments
statistical measure providing the difference (or spread) between two market rates
structured collection of prices, such as market prices for some index or security, such that volatility or other analyses may be performed over the structure
Historical prices are needed not only for various statistical analyses but for determining best prices for certain kinds of options, for example. Note that prices may be quoted or calculated.
statistical measure of the rate of change in pricing for a given security or market index
Volatility is modeled here using a structured collection, comprised of a series of individual prices of something (a security, index, etc., typically quoted prices), dates, and the source for those prices for some overall period of time
Volatility can be determined using the standard deviation or variance among prices for the security or market index over some period of time. For a specific security, volatility may measure the amount and frequency in rapid price fluctuation. It is computed as the annualized standard deviation of the percentage change in a security's daily price.
a monetary price quoted by some publisher on a given date
structured collection of rates, such as interest rates, or bond yields with different terms to maturity, such that a yield curve may be constructed for the structure
Term structure refers to a set of discrete points; elements are ordered by time. Restrictions on the rate (see above) and a point in time, paired together, and then ordered in a structured collection is how this should ultimately be modeled. Then the concept of yield curve would be a child of term structure, for calculation of net present value, for example. Term structures consist of two or more observed or projected values, typically related to debt instruments or interest rates. assessment of monetary policy conditions, and so forth.
statistical measure of the dispersion around the average of some random variable over some period of time
indicates the quotation date for a given market rate or indicator
Typically this property reflects a daily average or end of day quote.
Note that this property requires a reified date value, if used.
indicates a quotation date and possibly a time for a given market rate, interest rate, indicator, or other quoted pricing information
indicates something to which the volatility measure applies and of which it is a measure
Per 2021 ISDA Interest Rate Derivatives Definitions Floating Rate Matrix, as amended through the date on which parties enter into the relevant transaction.
Per 2021 ISDA Interest Rate Derivatives Definitions Floating Rate Matrix and 2006 ISDA Definitions, Section 7.1 Rate Options, as amended and supplemented through the date on which parties enter into the relevant transaction.
Per 2006 ISDA Definitions or Annex to the 2000 ISDA Definitions, Section 7.1 Rate Options, as amended and supplemented through the date on which parties enter into the relevant transaction.
AUD-Quarterly Swap Rate-ICAP-Reference Banks
AUD-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-11:00-BGCANTOR
AUD-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-BGCANTOR-Reference Banks
AUD-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-ICAP-Reference Banks
CHF-3M LIBOR SWAP-CME vs LCH-ICAP-Bloomberg
CHF-3M LIBOR SWAP-EUREX vs LCH-ICAP-Bloomberg
CHF-6M LIBORSWAP-CME vs LCH-ICAP-Bloomberg
CHF-6M LIBOR SWAP-EUREX vs LCH-ICAP-Bloomberg
CHF-Basis Swap-3m vs 6m-LIBOR-11:00-ICAP
Refers to the Indice Camara Promedio ("ICP") rate for Chilean Pesos which, for a Reset Date, is determined and published by the Asociacion de Bancos e Instituciones Financieras de Chile A.G. ("ABIF") in accordance with the "Reglamento Indice de Camara Promedio" of the ABIF as published in the Diario Oficial de la Republica de Chile (the "ICP Rules") and which is reported on the ABIF website by not later than 10:00 a.m., Santiago time, on that Reset Date.
CNY-Quarterly 7D Repo NDS Rate Tradition
CNY-Quarterly 7 day Repo Non Deliverable Swap Rate-TRADITION-Reference Banks
CNY-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-11:00-BGCANTOR
CNY-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-Reference Banks
Deprecated usage: CNY 7-Repo Compounding Date - is not an floating rate index and should not be in the floating-rate-index list (it is a date).
EUR-3M EURIBOR SWAP-CME vs LCH-ICAP-Bloomberg
EUR-3M EURIBOR SWAP-EUREX vs LCH-ICAP-Bloomberg
EUR-6M EURIBOR SWAP-CME vs LCH-ICAP-Bloomberg
EUR-6M EURIBOR SWAP-EUREX vs LCH-ICAP-Bloomberg
EUR-EuroSTR ICE Compounded Index 0 Floor
EUR-EuroSTR ICE Compounded Index 0 Floor 2D Lag
EUR-EuroSTR ICE Compounded Index 0 Floor 5D Lag
EUR Basis Swap-EONIA vs 3m EUR+IBOR Swap Rates-A/360-10:00-ICAP
EUR EURIBOR-Annual Bond Swap vs 1m-11:00-ICAP
EUR EURIBOR-Basis Swap-1m vs 3m-Euribor-11:00-ICAP
EUR EURIBOR-Basis Swap-3m vs 6m-11:00-ICAP
GBP-6M LIBOR SWAP-CME vs LCH-ICAP-Bloomberg
GBP-6M LIBOR SWAP-EUREX vs LCH-ICAP-Bloomberg
GBP-SONIA ICE Compounded Index 0 Floor 2D Lag
GBP-SONIA ICE Compounded Index 0 Floor 5D Lag
GBP-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-Reference Banks
GBP-Semi Annual Swap Rate-11:00-TRADITION
GBP-Semi Annual Swap Rate-4:15-TRADITION
Deprecated usage: "HKD-HIBOR-HIBOR-Bloomberg" code has been deprecated in supplement 79 to the 2006 ISDA definitions (Removal of certain Hong Kong Rate Options.). The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
Deprecated usage: "HKD-HIBOR-HIBOR=" code has been deprecated in supplement 79 to the 2006 ISDA definitions (Removal of certain Hong Kong Rate Options.). The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
HKD-Quarterly-Annual Swap Rate-11:00-BGCANTOR
Deprecated usage: "HKD-Quarterly-Annual Swap Rate-11:00-BGCANTOR" code has been deprecated in supplement 79 to the 2006 ISDA definitions (Removal of certain Hong Kong Rate Options.). The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
HKD-Quarterly-Annual Swap Rate-11:00-TRADITION
Deprecated usage: "HKD-Quarterly-Annual Swap Rate-11:00-TRADITION" code has been deprecated in supplement 79 to the 2006 ISDA definitions (Removal of certain Hong Kong Rate Options.). The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
HKD-Quarterly-Annual Swap Rate-4:00-BGCANTOR
Deprecated usage: "HKD-Quarterly-Annual Swap Rate-4:00-BGCANTOR" code has been deprecated in supplement 79 to the 2006 ISDA definitions (Removal of certain Hong Kong Rate Options.). The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
HKD-Quarterly-Annual Swap Rate-Reference Banks
Deprecated usage: "HKD-Quarterly-Annual Swap Rate-Reference Banks" code has been deprecated in supplement 79 to the 2006 ISDA definitions (Removal of certain Hong Kong Rate Options.). The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
HKD-Quarterly-Quarterly Swap Rate-11:00-ICAP
Deprecated usage: "HKD-Quarterly-Quarterly Swap Rate-11:00-ICAP" code has been deprecated in supplement 79 to the 2006 ISDA definitions (Removal of certain Hong Kong Rate Options.). The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
HKD-Quarterly-Quarterly Swap Rate-4:00-ICAP
Deprecated usage: "HKD-Quarterly-Quarterly Swap Rate-4:00-ICAP" code has been deprecated in supplement 79 to the 2006 ISDA definitions (Removal of certain Hong Kong Rate Options.). The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
HKD-Quarterly-Quarterly Swap Rate-Reference Banks
Deprecated usage: "HKD-Quarterly-Quarterly Swap Rate-Reference Banks" code has been deprecated in supplement 79 to the 2006 ISDA definitions (Removal of certain Hong Kong Rate Options.). The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
Deprecated usage: "IDR-SOR-Reuters" code has been deprecated in supplement 35 to the 2006 ISDA definitions. The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
IDR-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-11:00-BGCANTOR
IDR-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-Reference Banks
IDR-Semi Annual Swap Rate-Non-deliverable-16:00-Tullett Prebon
Deprecated usage: "INR-BMK" code has been deprecated in supplement 54 to the 2006 ISDA definitions. The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
Deprecated usage: "INR-CMT" code has been deprecated in supplement 54 to the 2006 ISDA definitions. The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
Deprecated usage: "INR-INBMK-REUTERS" code has been deprecated in supplement 54 to the 2006 ISDA definitions. The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
Deprecated usage: "INR-MITOR-OIS-COMPOUND" code has been deprecated in supplement 54 to the 2006 ISDA definitions. The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
INR-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-11:30-BGCANTOR
INR-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-Reference Banks
INR-Semi Annual Swap Rate-Non-deliverable-16:00-Tullett Prebon
Deprecated usage: "JPY-TIBOR-TIBM (10 Banks)" code has been deprecated in supplement 47 to the 2006 ISDA definitions. The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
Deprecated usage: "JPY-TIBOR-TIBM (5 Banks)" code has been deprecated in supplement 47 to the 2006 ISDA definitions. The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
Deprecated usage: "JPY-TIBOR-TIBM (All Banks)" code has been deprecated in supplement 47 to the 2006 ISDA definitions. The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
JPY-TONA ICE Compounded Index 0 Floor 2D Lag
JPY-TONA ICE Compounded Index 0 Floor 5D Lag
KRW-Quarterly Annual Swap Rate-3:30-ICAP
Deprecated usage: MXN-TIIE-Banxico-Reference Banks. It was added to FpML in error, MXN-TIIE-Reference Banks should be used instead.
MYR-Quarterly Swap Rate-TRADITION-Reference Banks
Deprecated usage: "NOK-NIBOR-NIBR" code has been deprecated in supplement 49 to the 2006 ISDA definitions. The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
Deprecated usage: NOK-NIBOR-NIBR-Reference Banks. It was added to FpML in error, NOK-NIBOR-Reference Banks should be used instead.
NZD-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-11:00-BGCANTOR
NZD-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-BGCANTOR-Reference Banks
Deprecated usage: "PHP-PHIREF-BAP" code has been deprecated in supplement 45 to the 2006 ISDA definitions. The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
PHP-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-11:00-BGCANTOR
PHP-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-Reference Banks
RUB-Annual Swap Rate-TRADITION-Reference Banks
Deprecated usage: "SGD-SONAR-OIS-COMPOUND" code has been deprecated in supplement 35 to the 2006 ISDA definitions. The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
Deprecated usage: "SGD-SOR-Reference Banks" code has been deprecated in supplement 35 to the 2006 ISDA definitions. The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
SGD-Semi-Annual Currency Basis Swap Rate-11:00-Tullett Prebon
SGD-Semi-Annual Currency Basis Swap Rate-16:00-Tullett Prebon
SGD-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-11.00-TRADITION
SGD-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-11:00-BGCANTOR
SGD-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-11:00-Tullett Prebon
SGD-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-16:00-Tullett Prebon
SGD-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-ICAP-Reference Banks
SGD-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-Reference Banks
SGD-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-TRADITION-Reference Banks
Deprecated usage: "THB-SOR-Reference Banks" code has been deprecated in supplement 38 to the 2006 ISDA definitions. The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
Deprecated usage: "THB-SOR-Reuters" code has been deprecated in supplement 35 to the 2006 ISDA definitions. The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
THB-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-11:00-BGCANTOR
Deprecated usage: the code has been deprecated in supplement 38 to the 2006 ISDA definitions. The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
THB-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-Reference Banks
TRY-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-TRADITION-Reference Banks
TWD-Quarterly-Annual Swap Rate-11:00-BGCANTOR
TWD-Quarterly-Annual Swap Rate-Reference Banks
USD-3M LIBOR SWAP-CME vs LCH-ICAP-Bloomberg
USD-6M LIBOR SWAP-CME vs LCH-ICAP-Bloomberg
USD-Municipal Swap Libor Ratio-11:00-ICAP
Deprecated usage: the code has been deprecated in supplement 36 to the 2006 ISDA definitions (Section 7.1 (ab) (xxviii) USD-SIBOR-SIBO is deleted in its entirety). The code is kept in FpML for backward compatibility purposes.
USD-SOFR ICE Compounded Index 0 Floor 2D Lag
USD-SOFR ICE Compounded Index 0 Floor 5D Lag
USD-TBILL Secondary Market-Bond Equivalent Yield
VND-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-11:00-BGCANTOR
VND-Semi-Annual Swap Rate-Reference Banks
ZAR-Quarterly Swap Rate-TRADITION-Reference Banks
basic rate of interest on which the actual rate a bank charges on loans to its customers is calculated
Typically, the bank base rate is a reference rate set by a central bank. Banks that are regulated by a given central bank cannot lend below the base rate to their customers. The bank base rate is determined on an ongoing basis and represents the central bank's judgement of the price of short-term funds on their interbank market.
duration of exactly eighteen months, regardless of the length in days of a given calendar month, but typically 30 days
duration of exactly forty-eight months, regardless of the length in days of a given calendar month, but typically 30 days
interbank rate that is the interest rate at which participating banks are willing to borrow deposits from other banks
Unlike an interbank offered rate, which is the rate at which banks lend money, an interbank bid rate is the rate at which banks ask to borrow.
interbank rate that represents the mid-point between bid and offer rates
interbank rate that is the interest rate at which participating banks lend money
reference rate that is the rate of interest charged on short-term loans between banks
Banks borrow and lend money in the interbank market in order to manage liquidity and meet the requirements placed on them. The interest rate charged depends on the availability of money in the market, on prevailing rates and on the specific terms of the contract, such as term length.
financial service provider/publisher responsible for specifying some benchmark interest rate
This is typically a bank, central bank in the case of the publication of bank interest rates, or the committee responsible for publishing interbank rates, such as EURIBOR.
classifier for regularly updated interest rates that are publicly accessible, typically set by a central bank or group of financial institutions
Benchmark rates, such as EURIBOR, the Fed Funds rate, and many others including those identified as FpML rates, are used as benchmarks for a variety of debt instruments.
interest rate benchmark classification scheme
scheme for classifying interest rate benchmarks, such as the FpML classification scheme
duration of exactly nine months, regardless of the length in days of a given calendar month, but typically 30 days
duration of exactly one day, or 24 hours, such as for an overnight rate
duration of exactly one hundred eighty months, regardless of the length in days of a given calendar month, but typically 30 days
duration of exactly one month, regardless of the length in days of a given calendar month, but typically 30 days
reference rate that is an interest rate at which a depository institution lends funds to another depository institution (short-term), or the interest rate the central bank charges a financial institution to borrow money overnight
The overnight rate is the lowest available interest rate, and as such, it is only available to the most creditworthy institutions. It is the underlying rate for Overnight Interest Rate Swaps (IOS).
market rate that is a rate of interest paid by or agreed among some bank or set of banks
The reference rate is a moving index such as EURIBOR, the prime rate or the rate on benchmark U.S. Treasuries.
duration of exactly six months, regardless of the length in days of a given calendar month, but typically 30 days
duration of exactly sixty months, regardless of the length in days of a given calendar month, but typically 30 days
specific-provider interest rate benchmark
interest rate benchmark that is made available by a specific market data provider for reference purposes
Benchmarks, such as those published by Bloomberg, Thomson-Reuters, and others, are usually quoted as of a specific date and time of day.
duration of exactly thirty-six months, regardless of the length in days of a given calendar month, but typically 30 days
duration of exactly three hundred sixty months, regardless of the length in days of a given calendar month, but typically 30 days
duration of exactly three months, regardless of the length in days of a given calendar month, but typically 30 days
duration of exactly twelve months, regardless of the length in days of a given calendar month, but typically 30 days
duration of exactly twenty-four months, regardless of the length in days of a given calendar month, but typically 30 days
duration of exactly two months, regardless of the length in days of a given calendar month, but typically 30 days
indicates the time of day when a change in a benchmark rate is published, typically the same time every business day
relates something to the currency it is based on
indicates the length of time for which a given rate, such as an interbank rate, exchange rate, other market rate is quoted, or a debt instrument has remaining prior to maturity or expiration
The tenor of most financial instruments declines over time, while the maturity remains constant. Risk associated with a given asset tends to decline with the reduction of the time remaining to maturity. The tenor of an interest rate swap can also refer to the frequency with which coupon payments are exchanged.
legal entity that is a Delaware Corporation
BGC Partners, Inc. business entity identifier
Delaware Division of Corporations business entity identifier for BGC Partners, Inc. b
date that BGC Partners, Inc. was incorporated with the Delaware Division of Corporations
registered address identified as the headquarters address for BGC Partners, Inc.
BGC Partners, Inc. legal entity identifier registry entry
legal entity identifier registry entry for BGC Partners, Inc.
European Money Markets Institute (EMMI) benchmark publisher
individual representing the European Money Markets Institute (EMMI) functional entity that is an international financial information publisher, responsible for the publication of euro-based benchmarks, including Euribor
Federal Reserve Board H.15 rate reset time of day
the time of day that the Federal Reserve Board publishes Selected Interest Rates (Daily) in Schedule H.15
Fenics Market Data functional entity that is a financial service and market data provider and division of BGC Partners
the ICE Benchmark Administration functional entity that is an international financial information publisher, responsible for the publication of ICE LIBOR, ICE Swap Rate, LBMA Gold Price and ISDA SIMM benchmarks
LSEG Financial Solutions as market data provider
financial market data provider role of the London Stock Exchange Group (LSEG)'s subsidiary, LSEG Financial Solutions
Note that LSEG Financial Group was formerly known as Refinitiv, and before that, the market data division of Thomson Reuters.
market data provider of interest rate benchmarks representing a group of one or more banks that either individually, or in aggregate, provide quoted rates that contribute to the benchmark
With respect to LIBOR, for example, the Bank of England will request the principal London office of each of the Reference Banks to provide a quotation of its rate. If at least two such quotations are provided, the rate for such date will be the arithmetic mean of the quotations. If fewer than two quotations are provided as requested, the rate for such date will be the arithmetic mean of the rates quoted by major banks in New York City selected by the Bank, at approximately 11:00 a.m. New York City time for loans in U.S. Dollars to leading European banks for such Interest Period and in an amount approximately equal to the amount requested LIBOR-Reference Banks Loan.
market data provider of interest rate benchmarks representing a group of one or more swap dealers that either individually, or in aggregate, provide quoted rates that contribute to the benchmark
market data provider of interest rate benchmarks
Tradition functional entity that is a financial service and market data provider and division of Compagnie Financiere Tradition
basket of credit risks
basket of instruments, legal entities, or a combination thereof collected for the purpose of analyzing risk
Note that the risk related to a given constituent may be calculated based on either (1) the overall credit risk associated with the entity or, (2) the combined risk associated with an entity and the specific instrument identified, or (3) risk associated with the instrument on its own. Criteria for constituents is based on sectors (emerging market, financial, sovereign, etc), spread range (investment grade, non-investment grade), or asset type (loan, bond, mortgage-backed, asset-backed), second criteria is based on maturity of protection (2,3,5,7,10 yrs). Markit manages over 2000 CDS indexes, for example.
basket of equities
basket of securities whose constituents are listed shares
capitalization-based weighting function
weighting function derived from the relative market capitalization (share price times the number of shares outstanding) of the companies tracked by an index
credit index
reference index that is a function of credit events that change the value of an underlying portfolio
Such an index does not necessarily reference a static portfolio, as there may be provisions for replacing defaulted securities on which the index depends.
credit index constituent
constituent of a basket of credit risks
equity index
benchmark whose constituents are exclusively equity instruments
market capitalization
expression representing the perceived value of a company as determined by the stock market at a specific point in time
market cap
number of shares outstanding x price per share
reference index
measure of change in the value of the contents of a basket over a given period of time
An index is a function based on a set of structured calculations with respect to a basket of credit risks, financial instruments or other indices over time. Analysis may be computed based on historical values, projected values, etc.
benchmark
has debt ranking
indicates the ranking of this debt instrument with respect to the credit index as a whole
has index name
specifies a formal name for the index
specifies the value of a given index as of the release date
has market capitalization
indicates the market capitalization of some issuer as of some date
has market capitalization value
indicates the monetary amount representing the market capitalization of some issuer as of some date
has original notional value
indicates the notional amount represented by the index when it is first constituted
indicates a premium payable for a contract based on the index
has spread range
the range of credit spread for the constituents of the index
has up front fee
specifies a fee payable by any party that wishes to participate in a contract based on the index after the start of its life
equity index of 30 substantial stocks that are traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the Nasdaq
The index is calculated by adding the price of a single share of each stock together, with equal weighting, and dividing by the Dow Divisor which is constantly adjusted, and is currently around 0.1474.
basket of 30 substantial stocks that are traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the Nasdaq
The Averages Committee, which includes the managing editor of The Wall Street Journal, the head of Dow Jones Indexes research, and the head of CME Group research, determine which components become a part of the DJIA. There are no set rules the Averages Committee must follow when selecting Dow components, only broad parameters to ensure those companies represent a large portion of the overall economic performance in the United States. Each average is reviewed at least once annually, but composition changes are rare for the sake of continuity. Since its beginnings in May of 1896, the Dow Jones stocks list has only changed 54 times. As of June 2018, the last remaining company of the original 12 components of the DJIA, General Electric (GE), was replaced by Walgreens Boots Alliance.
Dow Jones Industrial Average basket - Apple Inc. common stock constituent
Apple Inc. common stock constituent of the DJIA basket of 30 stocks
Dow Jones Industrial Average basket - Apple Inc. common stock date added
individual representing the date that Apple Inc. common stock was initially added to the DJIA, replacing AT&T Inc.
Dow Jones Industrial Average basket - IBM common stock constituent
IBM common stock constituent of the DJIA basket of 30 stocks
Dow Jones Industrial Average basket - IBM common stock date added
individual representing the date that IBM common stock was most recently added to the DJIA
Dow Jones Industrial Average basket - The Coca-Cola Company common stock constituent
The Coca-Cola Company common stock constituent of the DJIA basket of 30 stocks
Dow Jones Industrial Average basket - The Coca-Cola Company common stock date added
individual representing the date that The Coca-Cola Company common stock was most recently added to the DJIA
Dow Jones Industrial Average basket - The Home Depot, Inc. common stock constituent
The Home Depot, Inc. common stock constituent of the DJIA basket of 30 stocks
Dow Jones Industrial Average basket - The Home Depot, Inc. common stock date added
individual representing the date that The Home Depot, Inc. common stock was added to the DJIA
Dow Jones Industrial Average basket - The Proctor & Gamble Company common stock constituent
The Proctor & Gamble Company common stock constituent of the DJIA basket of 30 stocks
Dow Jones Industrial Average basket - The Proctor & Gamble Company common stock date added
individual representing the date that The Proctor & Gamble Company common stock was added to the DJIA
Dow Jones Industrial Average value as of Mar 6, 2020
individual representing the value of the DJIA on 6 Mar 2020 at 12:05:14 pm in NYC
financial service and market data provider that is a global provider of index-based data and research
the S & P Dow Jones Indices LLC legal entity that is a Delaware limited liability company
equity index that is calculated based on the float-adjusted market capitalization of approximately 500 large companies listed on stock exchanges in the United States
The components of the S&P 500 are selected by a committee. When considering the eligibility of a new addition, the committee assesses the company's merit using eight primary criteria: market capitalization, liquidity, domicile, public float, sector classification, financial viability, and length of time publicly traded and stock exchange.
The S&P 500 is a market capitalization-weighted index and the performance of the 10 largest companies in the index account for 21.8 percent of the performance of the index.
Standard & Poor's Composite Index basket
basket of common shares issued by approximately 500 large-cap companies that are traded on American stock exchanges
To qualify for the S&P 500, a company must meet certain committee-established criteria, which include (1) a market cap of at least $13.1 billion, (2) trading the value of its market capitalization annually, (3) at least a quarter-million of its shares have been traded in each of the previous six months (4) the majority of shares are in the public's hands, (5) being publicly traded for at least a year, and (6) earnings over the most recent four quarters and in the most recent quarter must be positive.
credit agreement in which the loan principal cannot be increased after funds are dispersed in full when the loan closes
The loan may require regular payments that pay down principal periodically, or it may require the full payment of principal at maturity.
collateralized loan
secured loan that is secured with cash or other acceptable collateral (real property, securities or other assets) provided by the borrower as specified in the collateral agreement
party that signs a borrower's promissory note, providing additional security and potentially improving the quality of the debt
Differences between a co-maker and co-borrower include: (1) a co-maker is not listed on the title of the asset to which the loan applies, (2) a co-maker does not have any legal ownership rights to the asset, and (3) the co-maker does not make regular payments on the loan unless the primary borrower(s) fails to do so.
The co-maker's liability is similar to that of an endorser or guarantor, but with additional risk/exposure, as they can be compelled to honor the debt much sooner and regardless of whether certain conditions are met.
ratio of the total amount of debt that is secured by the asset(s) and the appraised value of the asset(s) securing the financing
This is particularly important for secondary loans, or for refinancing that combines outstanding loans against a given asset. Lenders use this ratio to evaluate the risk of extending a loan to a borrower(s) in cases where multiple loans are involved.
classification indicating the most common type of ownership, covering an indefinite ownership period and the freedom to transfer said ownership as desired
Fee simple is the term used to represent the maximum ownership interest in real property that is allowed under the law. It can be referred to as 'complete ownership'.
The asset may still be subject to government regulations such as property taxes, and the owner can place voluntary encumbrances on the real estate including its use as collateral for a loan. In the case of a mortgage, fee simple can be contrasted with lease ownership, in which case the owners have complete access to the land, but they do not own it. Owners of single-family residences typically have fee simple ownership, but condo and many townhouse owners do not, as they own their individual unit but not the land on which the development is built.
classification indicating that several parties may share in, and mitigate the risk of, ownership of a high-value tangible asset
guaranteed loan
loan that is secured with respect to repayment of principal and interest by guaranty
A loan guarantee is a promise by one party to assume the debt obligation of a borrower if that borrower defaults. A guarantee can be limited or unlimited, making the guarantor liable for only a portion or all of the debt.
In the U.S., the term 'guaranteed loan' typically refers to a loan that is backed by a federal agency, such as the Department of Veterans Affairs or the Small Business Administration. Student loans may be guaranteed by the Student Loan Marketing Association.
individual payment transaction
actual payment of principal, interest, fees, or other related amounts towards fulfillment of a debt obligation
classifier indicating whether the lender has the primary lien position with respect to an asset used as collateral for the loan
debt instrument whereby one party extends money or credit to another party (or parties) with the understanding that the borrowed money will be repaid according to the terms of the contract
regular or explicit (ad hoc) payment schedule associated with a given loan-specific account
Loan payment schedules may or may not be amortization schedules, i.e., they may or may not include principal.
account held by the borrower associated with a specific loan
ratio, expressed as a percentage, between the principal amount of the loan and the appraised value of the asset securing the financing
credit agreement that may be extended up to an agreed credit limit and paid down at any time within the period of the line, if any, and on which interest is charged only on the outstanding balance
Credit card and overdraft lines of credit are among the most widely used forms of open-end credit.
There is a credit limit most of the time, with exceptions including reverse mortgages with tenure payment. The borrower has the option of paying off the outstanding balance, without penalty, or making installment payments.
classifier indicating the nature of the applicant's or borrower's ownership or leasehold interest in an asset used as collateral for the loan
Note that there are a number of variations for ownership interest that represent 'corner cases', including jurisdiction-specific variants, which can be added as needed for specific applications.
record of actual payments of principal, interest, and other related amounts made by a borrower to a lender or servicer in order to fulfill their re-payment obligation
pre-payment terms
principal repayment terms related to payment of the loan prior to maturity
Prepayment may or may not involve refinancing with the same lender. Prepayment terms include any prepayment penalty period, penalty amount and whether or not there is provision for waiver of the penalty, and any conditions related to making additional payments or payments over and above the expected installment payment over the lifetime of the loan.
first position in the order of seniority in which the law recognizes lenders' claims against a property
loan in which the borrower pledges some asset via a security agreement as collateral for the loan, or that is secured via third-party guarantee
party that collects principal and interest payments on behalf of the lender
In cases where a loan has been securitized, the servicer is also responsible for forwarding payments to investors, filing reports with credit-rating agencies and investors, and so forth.
secondary or lower position in the order of seniority in which the law recognizes lenders' claims against a property
the principal balance of all loans secured by the property
loan granted based on the strength of the borrower's credit history or reputation in the community
has balloon payment
indicates whether the contractual terms include or would have included repayment of the outstanding principal sum at the end of a loan period, prior to which only partial or no payments were made on the principal
has amount payable for principal, interest, fees or other expenses
This can entail adding up other prices and/or fees (e.g. 4 units * a unit price)
specifies a period of time in months after origination during which the interest rate cannot change
This normally applies to a variable rate loan. It may also apply to step up/step down loans that are fixed rate but whose rate changes after a pre-determined number of months.
links an actual payment of principal, interest, and other related amounts to the overall payment history for an account
indicates the balance with respect to the principal on the loan as of some date
has negative amortization
indicates whether the contractual terms include or would have included a feature that allows unpaid interest to be added to the balance of unpaid principal
relates a credit agreement, loan, or commitment to any history of payments that have been made by the borrower up to the point that payment history is requested
relates a loan to a period of time in months after which there is no prepayment penalty
A value of zero means no prepayment penalty; this avoids need for a separate boolean property about whether there is a prepayment penalty
has principal amount
indicates the nominal amount of the loan that must be paid at or before maturity
indicates what the balance should be after a scheduled payment is made according to contract terms
indicates the total the amount paid at the closing of a real estate transaction, i.e., at the time when the title to the property is conveyed (transferred) to the buyer
Closing costs may be incurred by either the buyer or the seller, and may include fees paid by either or both parties for the preparation and recording of documents, title service costs, such as for title search and insurance (typically paid by the seller, depending on the jurisdiction), other recording costs, other document or transaction stamps or taxes, brokerage commissions, survey, appraisal, inspection and other such fees, home warranties, private mortgage insurance (PMI), and so forth.
indicates a form of pre-paid interest, charged by the lender as an alternative to charging a higher rate of interest on the mortgage loan
One point equals one percent of the loan principal, and usually reduces the interest rate by 1/8 percent (0.125)
is assumable
indicates whether or not another borrower may assume the payments on this loan
is initially payable
indicates whether the obligation arising from the covered loan was, or in the case of an application, would have been initially payable to the financial institution
is interest only
indicates whether the contractual terms include or would have included interest only payments
relates a loan to the financial service provider that services it
credit card network and card issuer that both issues credit cards and processes payments for cards bearing its logo, as well as offering cardholder benefits like travel insurance
account whose terms and conditions are defined in a card agreement that is represented by a payment card
card verification value specifically for JCB payment cards
date on which a given payment card expires
card verification value specifically for American Express and Discover payment cards
financial product involving the issuance of credit, debit, or other payment cards
card verification value specifically for American Express payment cards
card verification code specifically for Mastercard payment cards
card verification value specifically for Mastercard payment cards
code that specifies either (1) magnetic-stripe data, or (2) printed security features that are used to protect data integrity and limit alteration, counterfeiting and fraud generally
card verification value specifically for Visa and Discover payment cards
card verification value specifically for Visa payment cards
account holder to whom a payment card is issued
credit card agreement for a card issued to, or in conjunction with, a formal organization, such as a small business, middle market business, local, state, or national government, or large corporation
Corporate card programs come in more than one form to serve different business needs. In general, they are contractual agreements between a sponsoring entity and a financial institution, in which the financial institution issues corporate cards to select employees of the sponsoring company.
credit card agreement for a card issued for household, family, or other personal expenditures that is accessed by a borrower's use of a credit card
card issued by a financial service provider that enables the cardholder to borrow funds
In its non-physical form, a credit card represents a payment mechanism which facilitates both consumer and commercial business transactions, including purchases and cash advances. A credit card generally operates as a substitute for cash or a check and most often provides an unsecured revolving line of credit. The borrower is required to pay at least part of the card's outstanding balance each billing cycle, depending on the terms as set forth in the cardholder agreement. As the debt reduces, the available credit increases for accounts in good standing. These complex financial arrangements have ever-shifting terms and prices. A charge card differs from a credit card in that the charge card must be paid in full each month.
In physical form, a credit card traditionally is a thin, rectangular plastic card. The front of the card contains a series of numbers that are representative of various items such as the applicable network, bank, and account.
Issuance of credit cards has the condition that the cardholder will pay back the original, borrowed amount plus any additional agreed-upon charges. The credit company provider may also grant a line of credit (LOC) to the cardholder which allows the holder to borrow money in the form of a cash advance. The issuer pre-sets borrowing limits which have a basis on the individual's credit rating.
card account whose terms and conditions are defined in a credit card agreement that is represented by a credit card
account-specific credit facility that specifies the terms and conditions under which the credit card is offered to the cardholder by the issuer
classifier for the network that authorizes, processes, and sets the terms of credit card transactions, as well as transfers payments between shoppers, merchants, and their banks
Mastercard, Visa, American Express, Discover
card product allowing the holder to purchase goods or services on credit
payment card issued by a financial service provider that enables the cardholder to access funds in a demand deposit account
card account that is represented by a one or more debit cards
card product card typically provided by a depository institution allowing the holder to transfer money electronically to another account when making a purchase
credit card network and card issuer offering benefits like secondary rental car collision insurance
issuer and financial services provider that issues payment cards or performs, facilitates, or supports issuing services including but not limited to issuing banks and issuing processors
credit card network based in Japan, with coverage throughout Asia, with strategic partners worldwide
JCB Co., Ltd., (formerly Japan Credit Bureau) is a credit card company based in Tokyo, Japan. As of 2020, it operates in 23 countries with over 130 million customers. In the United States, it is not a primary credit card network but has an association with the Discover Network to enable use of JCB cards.
magnetic stripe verification code or value
card verification code on a card's magnetic stripe that uses secure cryptographic processes to protect data integrity on the stripe, and reveals any alteration or counterfeiting
credit card network that has its own suite of card protections and benefits, such as identity theft protection and extended warranties
legal document issued by a financial services provider that enables the cardholder to access the funds in the customer's designated bank accounts, or through a credit account and make payments by electronic funds transfer and access automated teller machines (ATMs)
For purposes of Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS), a payment card is any payment card/device that bears the logo of the founding members of PCI SSC, which are American Express, Discover Financial Services, JCB International, MasterCard, or Visa, Inc.
The term payment card includes credit cards, debit cards, and stored-value cards, as well as payment through any distinctive marks of a payment card (such as a credit card number). A payment card is issued under an agreement that provides standards and mechanisms for settling the transactions between a merchant acquiring bank or similar entity and the providers who accept the cards as payment.
account-specific credit agreement that specifies the terms and conditions under which the payment card is offered to the cardholder by the issuer
composite identifier of 14 or 16 digits embossed on a bank or payment card and encoded in the card's magnetic strip
The PAN identifies the issuer of the card and the account including part of the account number, and contains a check digit that verifies the authenticity of the embossed account number.
payment card that has integrated circuits embedded within it
The circuits, also referred to as the 'chip,' contain payment card data including but not limited to data equivalent to the magnetic-stripe data.
card verification code that is the rightmost three-digit value printed in the signature panel area on the back of the card
credit card network that oversees the Visa Signature benefits associated with certain credit cards, such as premium rental car privileges and hotel perks
links a credit card to either: (1) magnetic-stripe data, or (2) printed security features that are used to protect data integrity and limit alteration, counterfeiting and fraud generally
indicates the underlying network for credit card product
specifies the account number displayed on the face of the card
modeled independently of 'identifies' in order to circumvent circular reasoning challenges
indicates the currency defined for the credit card product
commercial loan
loan extended to a corporation, commercial enterprise, joint venture, or other organization as opposed to a consumer
Such loans may include those that provide working capital, are used to finance the purchase of equipment and/or materials, for facilities and/or improvement of facilities, and so forth, and are typically secured.
commercial and industrial loan
provides a description of the purpose of the loan from the perspective of the borrower
consumer loan
loan to one or more individuals for household, family, or other personal expenditures, excluding mortgages and student loans
Other secured consumer loans may include loans against insurance policies, against securities held in a retirement account, loans secured with collateral other than for the loan's stated purpose, lines of credit other than credit card agreements, and so forth.
12 CFR § 228.12, https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/228.12
In the United Kingdom and per the Bank of England, lending to individuals (excluding student loans) consists of sterling lending secured on dwellings (i.e. mortgages) and sterling consumer credit to UK-resident individuals. See https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/details/further-details-about-total-lending-to-individuals-data. This definition is broader than the definition used in the US, however.
In the United States, consumer loans do not include a home mortgage, small business, or small farm loans. They are defined by law to include the following: (1) Motor vehicle loan, which is a consumer loan extended for the purchase of and secured by a motor vehicle; (2) Credit card loan, which is a line of credit for household, family, or other personal expenditures that is accessed by a borrower's use of a 'credit card,' as this term is defined in § 1026.2 of 12 CFR § 228.12; (3) Other secured consumer loan, which is a secured consumer loan that is not included in one of the other categories of consumer loans; and (4) Other unsecured consumer loan, which is an unsecured consumer loan that is not included in one of the other categories of consumer loans.
home equity line of credit
line of credit granted to a homeowner secured by the equity value in a borrower's home or other property
HELOC
Home equity loans allow the borrower to borrow against the difference between the fair market value of the property, as determined by an appraisal, and the amount of any outstanding debt on that property, which is typically a first mortgage. Common practice is to set the maximum amount that can be borrowed of up to 80 percent of the fair market value less any outstanding debt.
Usually, the term of a HELOC can vary from 5 to up to 25 years, with an initial draw period during which the borrower can access the line of credit, followed by a repayment period during which monthly payments on principal and interest are due until the loan is paid in full. Note that there are restrictions in the US on the nature of the property that may be used as collateral for a HELOC - it must be classified as a 1-4 family dwelling. That determination is independent from the use of proceeds.
motor vehicle loan
collateralized, simple-interest loan that is repaid in monthly installments over a period of typically three to five years, for the purpose of purchasing a vehicle
Many lenders will only approve auto loans for vehicles (i.e., cars, trucks) that are a certain age (typically 5 years or less) due to depreciation of the value of the vehicle. Because an auto loan is a 'secured' type of loan, the vehicle that is being financed is used as collateral (i.e. if the borrower fails to repay the loan, the vehicle may be seized by the lender).
auto loan
secured consumer loan
loan to one or more individuals for household, family, or other personal expenditures in which the borrower pledges some asset via a security agreement as collateral for the loan, or that is secured via third-party guarantee
unsecured consumer loan
loan to one or more individuals for household, family, or other personal expenditures granted based on the strength of the borrower's credit history or reputation in the community
defined scope, limits, and criteria used to determine what is included or excluded in an evaluation, analysis, or measurement of environmental impacts, sustainability performance, or related objectives
The assessment boundary ensures consistency, transparency, and focus by specifying the parameters for the evaluation. It includes: (1) the scope of assessment, (2) the relevant spacial boundaries, (3) the time period(s) over which the assessment is to be conducted, (4) organizational boundaries - which parts of an organization or project are included in the evaluation, (5) impact categories - which environmental or sustainability impacts are included, (6) lifecycle boundaries - which stages of the lifecycle are included, (7) exclusions - specific elements, processes, or impacts that are excluded from the assessment and justification for these exclusions, and (8) stakeholder boundaries - the extent to which external stakeholders or externalities (e.g., indirect social impacts) are considered. - The scope statement specifies which aspects, activities, processes, or entities are included in the evaluation. For example, in a greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions assessment, the boundary might cover Scope 1 (direct emissions), Scope 2 (indirect emissions from energy use), and Scope 3 (upstream and downstream emissions in the value chain). - The spatial boundaries cover the geographic region(s) relevant for the assessment, including but not limited to a specific site, facility, region, or global operations of a company or project. - The relevant timeframe may be a single year, the entire lifecycle of a product, or a specific project phase. - Organizational boundaries may include a parent company, subsidiaries, joint ventures, or specific divisions based on control, ownership, or influence. - Impact may include carbon emissions, energy use, water consumption, biodiversity impact, and waste generation. - Lifecycle boundaries may cover product or process evaluations (e.g., Life Cycle Assessment or LCA). If so, the boundary defines which stages of the lifecycle are included: Cradle-to-Grave: Includes all stages, from raw material extraction to disposal, Cradle-to-Gate: Covers stages up to the point where the product leaves the manufacturing facility. or Gate-to-Gate: Focuses on a specific segment of the lifecycle, such as manufacturing processes, for example. - Small, immaterial emissions sources might be excluded if their impact is negligible. - Stakeholder boundaries with respect to a given sustainability evaluation might include impacts on local communities or supply chain partners.
broad scale initiative, activity, or investment aimed at improving environmental sustainability, reducing ecological harm, or addressing environmental challenges
Key characteristics of an environmental or sustainability program include achieving measurable positive environmental outcomes, and aligning with broader sustainability goals, such as those outlined in international frameworks (e.g., the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Paris Agreement). Large scale environmental programs may consist of a number of projects aimed at addressing specific requirements that support the broader challenges outlined under the program.
specific initiative, activity, or investment aimed at improving environmental sustainability, reducing ecological harm, or addressing environmental challenges
Key characteristics of an environmental or sustainability project include achieving measurable positive environmental outcomes, and aligning with broader sustainability goals, such as those outlined in international frameworks (e.g., the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Paris Agreement).
Such projects are designed to align with environmental goals, such as mitigating climate change, conserving natural resources, protecting biodiversity, and promoting a circular economy.
green loan
credit agreement and/or contingent facility (such as a bonding line, guarantee line or letter of credit) made available exclusively to finance, re-finance or guarantee, in whole or in part, new and/or existing eligible green projects that are aligned to the four core components of the Green Loan Principles (GLP)
Example categories of eligibility contained in the LMA's Green Loan Principles (GLP) include loans designed to facilitate renewable energy, energy efficiency, climate change adaptation and green buildings that meet regional, national or internationally recognised standards or certifications.
project that contributes to environmental sustainability by addressing climate change, conserving natural resources, reducing pollution, or promoting ecological balance
Examples include: renewable energy projects (e.g., solar, wind, hydroelectric power), green buildings certified by recognized standards (e.g., LEED, BREEAM), sustainable water and wastewater management systems, pollution reduction technologies and systems, sustainable forestry and agriculture initiatives, circular economy projects, such as recycling or waste-to-energy facilities, low-carbon transportation infrastructure (e.g., electric vehicle charging stations, public transit projects), and the like.
Loan Market Association (LMA) Green Loan Principles, available at https://www.icmagroup.org/assets/documents/Regulatory/Green-Bonds/LMA_Green_Loan_Principles_Booklet-220318.pdf.
Green projects must align with established green finance principles, such as the Green Loan Principles (GLP) issued by the Loan Market Association (LMA), or other recognized sustainability frameworks.
The borrower must demonstrate that the project meets predefined eligibility criteria for green financing. These criteria are usually aligned with the taxonomy or standards set forth by the Green Loan Principles, the EU Taxonomy for Sustainable Activities, or other regional or international guidelines.
To qualify as a green project within a green loan: (a) the project must meet use-of-proceeds requirements, meaning that funds must be exclusively allocated to activities that qualify as green, (b) the borrower must establish clear processes for evaluating and selecting eligible projects, (c) there must be transparency in how funds are managed and allocated, often verified through audits or certifications, and (d) the borrower must report regularly on the environmental impact of the project, typically through measurable metrics (e.g., tons of CO₂ avoided, energy saved).
use of proceeds provision specifying that funds obtained through financing, such as through a credit agreement, offering, warrant, or other instrument are intended to be used for Green Projects (including other related and supporting expenditures, including research and development)
All designated Green Projects should provide clear environmental benefits, which will be assessed, and where feasible, quantified, measured and reported by the borrower, per requirements outlined in the LMA Green Loan Principles (GLP). Where funds are to be used, in whole or part, for refinancing, it is recommended that borrowers provide an estimate of the share of financing versus refinancing. Where appropriate, they should also clarify which investments or project portfolios may be refinanced, and, to the extent relevant, the expected look-back period for refinanced Green Projects. A green loan may take the form of one or more tranches of a loan facility. In such cases, the green tranche(s) must be clearly designated, with proceeds of the green tranche(s) credited to a separate account or tracked by the borrower in an appropriate manner. The GLP explicitly recognise several broad categories of eligibility for Green Projects with the objective of addressing key areas of environmental concern such as climate change, natural resources depletion, loss of biodiversity, and air, water and soil pollution. This non-exhaustive list, set out in Appendix 1, is intended to capture the most usual types of projects supported, and expected to be supported, by the green loan market. However, it is recognised that definitions of green and green projects may vary depending on sector and geography
observed indicator value
observation (measurement) of a key performance indicator measured at specific date and time
observed indicator value structure
collection of observations for some key performance indicator measured over a specified window of time
sustainability business objective
objective related to improving the sustainability profile of the business
The borrower of an SLL should clearly communicate to its lenders its sustainability objective(s) and how such objectives align with its proposed sustainability performance targets (SPTs).
sustainability business strategy
strategy for achieving specific business objectives related to sustainability (from an environmental and/or social and/or governance (ESG) perspective)
An SLL borrower should clearly communicate to its lender(s) its rationale for the selection of its KPI(s) (i.e. relevance, materiality, whether it is core to the borrower's overall business) and the motivation for the SPT(s) (i.e. ambition level, benchmarking approach and how the borrower intends to reach such SPTs). Borrowers are encouraged to position this information within the context of their overarching objectives, sustainability strategy, policy, sustainability commitments and/or processes relating to sustainability.
SLLs aim to support a borrower's efforts in improving its sustainability profile over the term of the loan. They do so by aligning loan terms to the borrower's performance, which is measured using one or more sustainability KPIs that can be internal and/or external. The KPIs must be material to the borrower's core sustainability and business strategy, and address relevant ESG challenges of its industry sector.
sustainability key performance indicator
measurable performance indicator that is sustainability specific
A sustainability KPI must be: (a) relevant, core and material to the borrower's overall business, and of high strategic significance to the borrower's current and/or future operations; (b) measurable or quantifiable on a consistent methodological basis; and (c) able to be benchmarked (i.e. as much as possible using an external reference or definitions to facilitate the assessment of the SPT's level of ambition). A clear definition of the KPI(s) should be provided by the borrower and should include the applicable scope or parameters, as well as the calculation methodology, a definition of a baseline and be benchmarked against an industry standard and/or industry peers where feasible.
sustainability key performance indicator identifier
sequence of characters uniquely identifying a specific sustainability-related key performance indicator
sustainability-linked loan
credit agreement and/or contingent facility (such as a bonding line, guarantee line or letter of credit) for which the economic characteristics can vary depending on whether the borrower achieves ambitious, material and quantifiable predetermined sustainability performance objectives aligned with Sustainability-Linked Loan Principles (SSLP)
The use of proceeds in relation to a SLL is not a determinant in its categorisation and, in most instances, SLLs will be used for general corporate purposes. Instead, SLLs look to support a borrower in improving its sustainability performance.
SLL
A borrower's sustainability performance is measured using sustainability performance targets (SPTs), which include key performance indicators, external ratings and/or equivalent metrics that measure improvements in the borrower's sustainability profile.
sustainability performance target
collection of quantitative target values used to calibrate the level of achievement a borrower makes with respect to a key performance indicator, by date, including, but not limited to, the methodology used to calculate its value at any point over the lifetime of a loan
SPT
An SLL borrower should clearly communicate to its lenders its rationale for the selection of its KPI(s) (i.e. relevance, materiality, whether it is core to the borrower’s overall business) and the motivation for the SPT(s) (i.e. ambition level, benchmarking approach and how the borrower intends to reach such SPTs). Borrowers are encouraged to position this information within the context of their overarching objectives, sustainability strategy, policy, sustainability commitments and/or processes relating to sustainability.
The process for calibration of the SPT(s) per KPI is key to the structuring of SLLs, since it will be the expression of the level of ambition the borrower is ready to commit to. The SPTs must be set in good faith and remain relevant (so long as they apply) and ambitious throughout the life of the loan.
sustainability performance target identifier
sequence of characters uniquely identifying a specific sustainability-related performance target
sustainability structuring agent
financial institution appointed to help design, implement, and monitor the sustainability aspects of a syndicated green loan
This role is typically present in sustainability-linked loans (SLLs) or green loans, which tie the loan's terms to the borrower's environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. The sustainability structuring agent's role is crucial in ensuring that the loan's sustainability metrics align with both the borrower's goals and the expectations of the participating lenders.
target indicator value
target value for a key performance indicator as of a specific date and time
transition loan
credit agreement and/or contingent facility (such as a bonding line, guarantee line or letter of credit) designed to help a business or organization shift from carbon-intensive or environmentally harmful practices to more sustainable and environmentally friendly operations
Transition loans are part of the broader sustainable finance market and are specifically tailored for companies in industries that are not inherently green but are committed to adopting practices that align with a low-carbon or sustainable economy.
Transition loans are structured to assist companies in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, improving energy efficiency, adopting renewable energy sources, or meeting other sustainability targets aligned with climate transition goals. They support initiatives such as retrofitting fossil fuel-based systems, decarbonizing supply chains, or adopting cleaner production methods. Transition loans align with emerging Climate Transition Finance principles (developed by groups such as the International Capital Market Association, ICMA). Borrowers are expected to demonstrate that the loan aligns with long-term, science-based climate goals, such as those outlined in the Paris Agreement (e.g., limiting global warming to well below 2°C).
project that supports broad, sector-specific efforts to reduce environmental impact
Borrowers must demonstrate a credible transition plan, which include: (a) clear sustainability performance targets (SPTs), (b) alignment with recognized climate goals and frameworks (e.g., the Science Based Targets initiative, SBTi), and (c) transparency in reporting progress and outcomes. Third-party verification or certification of the transition plan and its alignment with best practices is often required.
Green loans focus on funding projects with direct and measurable environmental benefits (e.g., solar farms, green buildings). Transition loans are for broader initiatives aimed at improving sustainability in traditionally carbon-intensive sectors.
Sustainability-Linked Loans (SLLs): Transition loans share similarities with SLLs, as both tie terms (such as interest rates) to achieving predefined sustainability goals. However, transition loans are specifically framed within the context of long-term decarbonization or sustainability transitions.
transition strategy
strategy for achieving specific business objectives related to sustainability in the context of long-term decarbonization or sustainability transitions
Note that although there are similarities with sustainability business strategies, they are not the same. KPIs and SPTs may, however, be defined similarly for a given project.
use of proceeds provision specifying that funds obtained through financing, such as through a credit agreement, offering, warrant, or other instrument are intended to be used to fund specific projects, investments, or operational changes that support a company's transition toward sustainability
indicates the scope, limits, and context for an environmental or sustainability project
specifies a geographic region included in an environmental or sustainability assessment, which may cover a specific site, facility, region, or the global operations of a company or project
private student loan
student loan that is not considered a government-backed / regulated loan
regulated student loan
student loan (1) whose lender is a government agency or instrumentality, and/or (2) that is treated uniquely due to tax regulations
In the United States, certain student loans survive bankruptcy and are subject to additional tax regulations that do not apply to other kinds of loans.
student loan
loan provided for the purposes of education, allowing students and parents/guardians to borrow money for college
Student loans may include loans for graduate and professional education. Student loans may be obtained from government institutions, from private sources such as a bank or financial institution, or from other organizations.
loan secured by real estate with no ability for the borrower to receive additional funds under the loan at a later date
MISMO Business Glossary, available at https://www.mismo.org/standards-resources/business-glossary/
Instructions for the Preparation of Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income, FFIEC 031 and FFIEC 041, Updated March 2023, clause A-91
reverse mortgage that provides a lump sum payment to the borrower at closing, with no ability for the borrower to receive additional funds under the mortgage at a later date
Normally, closed-end reverse mortgages are first liens.
Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income for a Bank with Domestic and Foreign Offices - FFIEC 031; Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System OMB Number 7100-0036, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation OMB Number 3064-0052, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency OMB Number 1557-0081, dated 20240930
loan that, at origination, is secured wholly or substantially by a lien or liens on real property for which the lien or liens are central to the extension of the credit - that is, the borrower would not have been extended credit in the same amount or on terms as favorable without the lien or liens on real property
Examples include (a) Construction, land development, and other land loans: (1) 1-4 family residential construction loans, and (2) Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans; (b) Secured by farmland (including farm residential and other improvements); (c) Secured by 1-4 family residential properties: (1) Revolving, open-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties and extended under lines of credit, and (2) Closed-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties including those secured by first liens and those secured by junior liens; (d) Secured by multifamily (5 or more) residential properties; and (e) Secured by nonfarm nonresidential properties: (1) Loans secured by owner-occupied nonfarm nonresidential, and (2) Loans secured by other nonfarm nonresidential properties.
In general parlance, loans secured by real estate are often called mortgages or mortgage loans. This usage conflates a number of related concepts, which would limit the usability of FIBO for financial institutions and regulators with respect to such loans. As described herein, many different kinds of loans can be secured by real estate, including various commercial, construction, agricultural, and consumer loans.
In the US, to be considered wholly or substantially secured by a lien or liens on real property, the estimated value of the real estate collateral at origination (after deducting any more senior liens held by others) must be greater than 50 percent of the principal amount of the loan at origination.
The borrower agrees to pay the lender over time, typically in a series of regular payments divided into principal and interest. The property then serves as collateral to secure the loan.
grant of financial interest in real property to a party that is not an owner of that real property and is recorded by a registration authority
A mortgage prevents transfer of the ownership of the real property unless the financial interest is satisfied. Any loan can be collateralized by a mortgage, including, for example, a bail bond.
loan secured by real estate with a provision that the outstanding loan amount may be increased upon mutual agreement of the lender and the borrower
reverse mortgage structured like a home equity line of credit in that it provides the borrower with additional funds after closing (either as fixed monthly payments, under a line of credit, or both)
Normally, open-end reverse mortgages are first liens. These include combinations of both a lump sum payment to the borrower at closing and payments after the closing of the loan.
loan secured by real estate that pays money to the borrower against a set principal limit based on the value of existing equity in the underlying collateral
The interest accrued is added to the principal balance.
relates a mortgage to the date on which the contract is consummated, officially creating the obligations therein
is ARM convertible
indicates whether or not the loan can be converted into an adjustable-rate mortgage contract (ARM)
auto asset-backed security
asset-backed security that is backed by an underlying pool of auto-related loans and/or leases
Auto asset-backed securities (auto ABS) are typically structured finance securities that are collateralized by auto loans or leases, such as those to prime (good credit standing) and subprime (poor credit standing) borrowers. Loans or leases are bundled into pools and transferred to a special-purpose entity (SPE), which, in turn, transfers the pool to a (bankruptcy remote) trust. Payments on the underlying auto loans and leases are pooled in the trust, and the funds are used to pay note investors their respective principal which, in turn, transfers the pool to a (bankruptcy remote) trust, i.e., one that protects the security from bankruptcy. Payments on the underlying auto loans and leases are pooled in the trust, and the funds are used to pay note investors their respective principal and interest when due. Any leftover funds - known as excess spread, or the net interest margin - are paid to the equity holder (usually the issuer, such as an auto finance company).
If the credit risk of the pool has been decoupled from the institution via an SPV, then an auto asset-backed security is also a structured finance instrument.
auto debt pool
debt pool of loans and/or leases that are motor vehicle-related
bond pool
debt pool of consisting of bonds
consumer asset-backed security
structured finance securities collateralized by pools of auto loans and leases (auto ABS), credit card receivables (credit card ABS) or student loans (student loan ABS)
controlled amortization asset-backed security
asset-backed security based on a pool of bonds securitized using a controlled amortization structure
Controlled-amortization ABS resemble corporate bonds with a sinking fund. After a predetermined 'revolving' period during which only interest payments are made, these securities attempt to return principal to investors in a series of defined periodic payments that usually occur over less than a year.
Revolving debt (primarily credit card receivables, but also HELOCs, trade receivables, dealer floor-plan loans and some leases) may be securitized using a controlled amortization structure. This is a method of providing investors with a relatively predictable repayment schedule, even though the underlying assets are nonamortizing. A risk inherent in this kind of ABS is an early amortization event.
credit card account pool
pool of credit card receivables associated with designated accounts
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Credit Card Securitization Manual, available at https://www.fdic.gov/regulations/examinations/credit_card_securitization/ch2.html
In a credit card securitization transaction only the receivables are sold, not the accounts that generate the receivables. The financial institution retains legal ownership of the credit card accounts and can continue to change the terms on the accounts. Accounts corresponding to securitized loans are typically referred to as the designated accounts (or sometimes trust accounts). The initial outstanding balances on the designated accounts are sold to the trust as are the rights to any new charges on the designated accounts. Subsequently, as cardholder purchase activity generates more receivables on the designated accounts, these new receivables are purchased by the trust from the originating institution/seller/transferor. The trust uses the monthly principal payments received from the cardholders to acquire these new charges or receivables. When the securitization is initially set up, the originating institution/seller adds sufficient receivables to support the principal balance of the certificates plus an additional amount (seller's interest) that serves to absorb fluctuations in the outstanding balance of the receivables. The originating institution/seller will make subsequent additions to the trust in order to keep the seller's interest at the required level.
credit card asset-backed security
asset-backed security based on credit card receivables
Credit card securitizations currently represent the primary funding vehicle for unsecured revolving consumer credit. Similar to mortgage and other asset securitizations, the financial institution that originates the credit card receivables sells a group of these receivables to a trust. The trust then creates and sells certificates backed by the credit card receivables to investors, which are predominately institutional investors. Very few credit card ABS are marketed to retail customers, primarily due to the complex nature of the transactions and the need to continually monitor various performance indices on the underlying receivables. The underlying credit card receivables generate income to support the interest payments on the certificates.
asset-backed security based on a pool of debt instruments that returns principal to investors over the life of the security
Fully amortizing asset-backed securities are designed to closely reflect the full repayment of the underlying loans through scheduled interest and principal payments.
These are typically backed by HELs, auto loans, manufactured-housing contracts and other fully amortizing assets. Prepayment risk is a key consideration with such ABS, although the rate of prepayment may vary considerably by the type of underlying asset.
home equity line of credit pool
debt pool consisting of home equity loans
home equity loan asset-backed security
asset-backed security based on home equity loan receivables
If the credit risk of the pool has been decoupled from the institution via an SPV, then home equity asset-backed securities are also structured finance instruments.
Similar to mortgages, home equity loans are often taken out by borrowers who have less-than-stellar credit scores or few assets - the reason why they didn’t qualify for a mortgage. These are amortizing loans - that is, payment goes toward satisfying a specific sum and consists of three categories: interest, principal, and prepayments.
student loan asset-backed security
asset-backed security based on student loan receivables
If the credit risk of the pool has been decoupled from the institution via an SPV, then student loan asset-backed securities are also structured finance instruments.
The main purpose behind Student Loan ABS is to diversify the risk for lenders across many investors. By pooling and then packaging the loans into securities and selling them to investors, agencies can spread around the default risk, which allows them to give out more loans and larger loans. This way, more students have access to loans, investors have a diversifying investment instrument, and lenders can generate consistent cash flow from their securitization and debt collection services.
student loan pool
debt pool consisting of student loans
bond that regularly pays down the principal (face value) on the debt along with its interest expense over the life of the bond
tradable debt instrument representing a loan in which the issuer owes the holder(s) a debt
Depending on the terms of the contract, the issuer is obliged to pay interest (the coupon) and/or to repay the principal at maturity. The most common bonds are corporate or governmental, typically used to finance specific projects or operations.
terms that include a schedule for repayment of the principal over the lifetime of the bond, typically in equal payments at regular intervals
terms indicating when a convertible bond can be converted to another security (usually a publicly traded share issued by of the same issuer)
interest rate on a debt security that the issuer promises to pay to the holder until maturity, expressed as an annual percentage of the face value
insurance policy that a bond issuer purchases that guarantees the repayment of the principal and all associated interest payments to the bondholders in the event of default
terms for the repayment of the principal on a bond
party responsible for maintaining records on behalf of the issuer that identify the owners of a registered bond issue
The trustee under a bond contract often also acts as registrar.
bond coupon that has a variable interest rate
bond with a feature whereby the issue can be partially called for amounts that are at the discretion of the issuer
bond whereby amortization is via a known and published schedule
ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-05
bond that is issued together with one or more warrant(s) attached as part of the offer, the warrant(s) granting the holder the right to purchase a designated security, often the common stock of the issuer of the debt, at a specified price
This concept is needed primarily to support cases where the bond issuer is the issuer of the warrant.
taxable municipal bond issued through December 31, 2010 under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA)
BABs may be direct pay subsidy bonds or tax credit bonds.
bond whose entire principal value is paid on the maturity date, rather than amortized over its lifetime
terms for repayment of the principal for a bond as a single payment covering the whole principal amount
bond that includes a stipulation allowing the issuer the right to repurchase and retire the bond at the call price after the call protection period
municipal security available to governing councils in case of emergency, such as a natural disaster, that needs immediate action without time for voter referendum
CO's are similar to GO bonds, except that they do not require voter approval before they are issued. The CO's are also guaranteed by the City's taxation power and are counted in the calculation of the tax rate that is needed to support debt payments.
For example, when a hurricane destroys the police and emergency services building, there is no time to go through the process of voter referendum. The local council must be able to borrow the money to set up provisional buildings and necessary equipment for police and emergency services so that the community is served in continuity.
debt instrument evidencing a pro rata share in a specific pledged revenue stream, usually lease payments by the issuer that are typically subject to annual appropriation
A certificate of participation (COP) is a type of financing where an investor purchases a share of the lease revenues of a program rather than the bond being secured by those revenues. The certificate generally entitles the holder to receive a share, or participation, in the payments from a particular project. The payments are passed through the lessor to the certificate holders. The lessor typically assigns the lease and the payments to a trustee, which then distributes the payments to the certificate holders.
fixed coupon bond issued by HM Treasury that guarantees to pay the holder of the gilt a fixed cash payment (coupon) every six months until the maturity date, at which point the holder receives the final coupon payment and the return of the principal
Conventional gilts are the simplest form of government bond and constitute around 75 percent of the gilt portfolio.
bond that gives the holder the right to convert the bond into a fixed number of shares (conversion ratio) if the equity price rises above a specified level (strike price)
If the equity price remains below the strike price throughout the term of the bond it matures and is redeemed like a regular bond. The conversion ratio and strike price are usually set when the convertible bond is issued.
bond issued by a company in order to raise financing
Corporate bonds are issued for purposes such as mergers and acquisitions, business expansion, or to cover ongoing operational needs, and are typically longer-term debt instruments that have a maturity of at least one year. Corporate debt instruments with maturity shorter than one year are referred to as commercial paper.
Note that some classification schemes consider any bond except those issued by a government in its own currency to be a corporate bond, for example, a bond issued by Canada in US dollars might be classified as a corporate bond. Bonds issued by multinational / supranational organizations such as the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) may also be considered corporate bonds rather than government bonds.
bond based on the return on an equity over time, i.e. the price and dividend payments or the total return (similar to total return swaps)
provision that gives a bond issuer the right to call its bonds due to an unusual one-time occurrence, as specified in the offering statement
Such redemptions may occur when bond proceeds are not spent according to schedule; when bond proceeds are used in a way that makes nontaxable bond interest taxable; or when a catastrophe destroys the project being financed, among other reasons.
scheduled date for the first regular coupon payment, in a regular repeating series of coupon periods, after any non standard (long or short) first coupon period in the schedule
bond whose coupon rate and principal amount are fixed at the time of origination or sale and remain constant while the security is outstanding
terms for payment of interest on a bond with a fixed interest rate
bond with a variable interest rate based on a published reference interest rate
The adjustments to the interest rate (coupon) are made periodically, usually on a quarterly or monthly basis, and are tied to a certain money-market index. Also known as a "floater". For example six months USD LIBOR + 0.20%.
bond secured by an unconditional promise to pay by another entity
Full faith and credit bonds are typically backed by a government entity and are considered low risk.
municipal bond that is backed by the full faith and credit and general resources of the issuing municipality, including its general taxing authority
debt security issued by a government to fund government spending
debt security issued by some government on behalf of some polity, including sovereign and municipal debt
bond issued specifically to fund climate or environmental projects
These bonds are typically asset-linked and backed by the issuer's balance sheet. Green bonds finance projects aimed at energy efficiency, pollution prevention, sustainable agriculture, fishery and forestry, the protection of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, clean transportation, sustainable water management and the cultivation of environmentally friendly technologies, and often include incentives such as tax exemption.
bond issued by a government sponsored agency or corporation rather than by the government directly
It doesn't carry an explicit full faith and credit guarantee but the market believes the government wouldn't let it default or fail.
bond whose income may vary over time, because either the coupon rate or principal amount is related to a specific index, such as the Consumer Price Index
bond indexed to inflation so that the principal or interest payments rise and fall with the rate of inflation
Inflation-linked bonds are primarily issued by sovereign governments, such as the U.S. and the UK.
scheduled date of the last regular coupon payment, that is the last of the payments that are made according to a regular repeating series of coupon periods, before any non-standard (long or short) final coupon period in the schedule
Most exchange traded bonds are corporate bonds (but most corporate bonds are not exchange traded bonds).
convention involving an impartial lottery for determining which securities are subject to partial call or partial redemption
call allowing the issuer to pay off remaining debt early
The issuer typically has to make a lump sum payment to the investor(s) derived from a formula based on the net present value (NPV) of future coupon payments that will not be paid incrementally because of the call combined with the principal payment the investor would have received at maturity.
convertible bond that converts into shares at maturity regardless of the equity price
The conversion ratio at maturity reflects the equity price and par value of the bond when issued. There is also typically a second higher conversion ratio if the equity price rises above the strike during the term of the bond.
bond issued over time under a shelf registration program, where each issue may have a different coupon and maturity typically ranging from one to ten years
A medium-term note (MTN) is a debt note that usually matures (is paid back) in 5 to 10 years, but the term may be less than one year or as long as 100 years. They can be issued on a fixed or floating coupon basis.
By shelf registration we mean the security registration process where an issuer registers in advance, and can issue lots of securities for up to three years.
Medium term notes are typically issued by corporations and financial institutions, although GSEs also have MTN programs. MTNs may be issued under a shelf registration program which allows the company to issue bonds over time with varying maturities and coupons. Companies issue MTNs to have a more flexible source of funding. They may also issue MTN in response to 'reverse inquiry' by investors looking for bonds with specific maturities, issue size and coupon.
government bond that may be issued by a regional, rather than national, authority
Municipal bonds may be issued by states, cities, counties, special tax districts or special agencies or authorities of state or local governments.
official statement specifying how the funds raised via a new issue of municipal securities are to be applied
municipal securities dealer responsible for reselling to investors securities (such as variable rate demand obligations and other tender option bonds) that have been tendered for purchase by their owner
The remarketing agent also typically is responsible for resetting the interest rate for a variable rate issue and may act as tender agent.
official statement identifying the source of funds for a new issue of municipal securities
short-term obligation to repay a specified principal amount on a certain date, together with interest at a stated rate, usually payable from a defined source of anticipated revenues
Notes usually mature in one year or less, although notes of longer maturities are also issued.
debt obligation issued by a regional governmental entity
A municipal security is typically a bond, note, warrant, certificate or other similar obligation issued by a state or local government or their agencies or authorities (such as cities, towns, villages, counties or special districts or authorities). A prime feature of most municipal securities is that interest or other investment earnings on them are generally excluded from gross income of the bondholder for federal income tax purposes. Some municipal securities are subject to federal income tax, although the issuers or bondholders may receive other federal tax advantages for certain types of taxable municipal securities. Some examples include Build America Bonds, municipal fund securities and direct pay subsidy bonds.
financial institution with trust powers, designated by the issuer, that acts, pursuant to a bond contract, in a fiduciary capacity for the benefit of the bondholders in enforcing the terms of the bond contract
In many cases, the trustee also acts as custodian, paying agent, registrar and/or transfer agent for the bonds.
interest-bearing bond issued at a deep discount to face value
An original issue discount (OID) is the discount in price from a bond's face value at the time a bond or other debt instrument is first issued. The OID is the amount of discount or the difference between the original face value and the price paid for the bond.
The principal amount accretes over time at a constant accrual rate and is redeemed at full face value at maturity.
call feature whereby the issuer can recall part of the issue on scheduled dates, where bonds are selected to be called according to some rule, or by selecting various bonds at random
partial redemption allocation convention
convention used to determine how the partial call will be actioned with respect to bond selection
rate basis calculated as a percentage of cumulative average value
rate basis calculated as a percentage of par value
bond that has no maturity date, i.e., one that pays interest in perpetuity
Perpetual bonds function much like dividend-paying stocks or certain preferred securities. Just as the owner of the stock receives a dividend payment as long as the stock is held, the perpetual bond owner receives an interest payment as long as the bond is held.
convention whereby securities that are subject to partial redemption are allocated proportionately
basis for a percentage quoted rate as used in specifying bond call percentage amounts
repayment event involving payment of a bond's principal amount at maturity or when it is called
repayment schedule whereby a given percentage of a bond issue is redeemed on predefined dates
call triggered by some regulation-specific rule
corporate bond program where the coupon rate on outstanding bonds is periodically reset through an auction process
A remarketing agent (dealer or underwriter) periodically surveys bond holders to identify those who want to sell bonds. The agent surveys market (or holds an auction) to determine interest rate at which the bonds can be resold. The rate on all outstanding bonds resets at the new rate. These programs are perpetual in the sense they often don't have a fixed maturity date, but the company can redeem them. If an auction fails, i.e., the agent can't place all the bonds then.
municipal bond supported by the revenue from a specific project
Revenue bonds are municipal bonds that finance income-producing projects, such as toll bridges, highways, or local stadiums, and are secured by a specified revenue source. Typically, revenue bonds can be issued by any government agency or fund that is managed in the manner of a business, such as entities having both operating revenues and expenses.
bond that is backed by collateral, such as a tangible asset or income stream, in addition to a general promise to pay
A secured bond may be collateralized by a claim on real assets, such as a factory or auto fleet; or by a claim on a revenue stream. A secured bond differs from a mortgage in that proceeds of the bond sale aren't used to acquire the asset.
terms for the paydown of principal in a sinking fund type of amortizing security
At present there is only a schedule, there should be other terms for what happens on the scheduled dates. Sinking fund may be bullet e.g. x percent over year for y years. SF may be mandatory or contingent on some other economic event.
bond issued by the government of a country
Sovereign bonds issued by G20 developed countries are generally full faith and credit obligations. Sovereign bonds issued by emerging and developing countries may be issued in local currency or a G7 currency, and may either be full faith and credit (unsecured) or secured.
debt security issued by the government of a country
municipal bond used to fund a development project that is payable from the revenues of an assessment (tax) on the community that is intended to benefit from the project
A special assessment is a charge imposed against a property in a particular locality because that property receives a special benefit by virtue of some public improvement, separate and apart from the general benefit accruing to the public at large. Special assessments may be apportioned according to the value of the benefit received, rather than merely the cost of the improvement.
bond secured by a limited revenue source, such as receipts derived from a designated project
bond secured by revenues derived from designated taxes other than ad valorem taxes
For example, bonds for a particular purpose might be supported by sales, cigarette, fuel or business license taxes.
bond with a coupon that increases (steps up) while the bond is outstanding
The step change may be one time, or occur according to a schedule or at regular intervals.
coupon payment terms for securities with a coupon that increases (steps up) while the bond is outstanding
bond that is part of a series of bonds formed by selling each interest payment and the principal amount of a bond as separate zero coupon bonds.
bond payable from the incremental increase in tax revenues realized from any increase in property value and other economic activity, often designed to capture the economic benefit resulting from a bond financing
Tax increment bonds, also known as tax allocation bonds, often are used to finance the redevelopment of blighted areas.
short-term zero coupon treasury obligation with a maturity ranging from one to twelve months
The pricing of T-bills is unique among U.S. government debt issues. Treasury bills are offered in multiples of $100 and in terms ranging from a few days to 52 weeks. Rather than providing interest payments as Treasury Bonds or Notes do, T-bills are sold at a discount, and the entire return is realized upon maturity. The price of a bill is determined at auction. The annualized interest rate earned on T-bills is equal to the difference between the purchase price and maturity value, divided by the maturity value.
long term term coupon bearing treasury obligation issued in terms of 20 years or 30 years that pays interest every six months until they mature
variable income bond whose principal is indexed to inflation or deflation and thus changes over the life of the security
Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities, or TIPS, provide protection against inflation. The principal of a TIPS increases with inflation and decreases with deflation, as measured by the Consumer Price Index. When a TIPS matures, you are paid the adjusted principal or original principal, whichever is greater.
medium term coupon bearing treasury obligation with original maturity ranging from two to ten years
debt instrument issued by HM Treasury and listed on the London Stock Exchange
If a private investor wishes to purchase gilts the secondary market can be accessed through a stockbroker, bank or the DMO's Purchase and Sale Service.
The term 'gilt' or 'gilt-edged security' is a reference to the primary characteristic of gilts as an investment: their security. This is a reflection of the fact that the British Government has never failed to make interest or principal payments on gilts as they fall due.
debt instrument issued by the United States Department of the Treasury that carries a full faith and credit guarantee
bond that is traded over the counter rather than via an exchange or other listing facility
bond that is only secured by the bond issuer's good credit standing
Most unsecured bonds pose limited risk of default, as the organizations that issue them are typically financially sound.
The rate adjusts according to a predetermined formula outlined in the bond's prospectus or official statement.
contractual terms specifying the calculation of the interest rate for a variable coupon bond
principal that is defined in relation to some variable and so varies over time, as principal
Not the same as principal paydown. This is when the principal itself varies over time, usually as a result of being defined in relation to some index such as an inflation index. Forms the debt principal in instruments such as inflation bonds.
bond whose income may vary over time, because either the coupon rate or principal amount changes in line with an index or schedule over the life of the security
formula for the calculation of variable interest
an expression used to determine a variable interest payment amount
bond whose principal adjusts over time with changes in an index
The principal on variable principal bonds adjusts line with an index such as inflation or GDP. For example, for a bond linked to the CPI, if inflation rises two percent the principal increases by 2 percent. The coupon rate is typically fixed. The best-known example is TIPS or Treasury Inflation Protected Bonds, which are linked to the CPI. TIPs offer a real or inflation adjusted rate of return.
bond issued with a coupon rate of zero and that trades at a deep discount to face value
Fannie Mae also issues zero-coupon callable debt securities. Zero-coupon notes are debt securities on which no coupon interest is paid to the investor. Rather, the security is purchased at a discounted dollar price and matures at par. If the option on a callable zero-coupon security is exercised, it is redeemed at a higher dollar price than the original issue price. The yield for a callable zero-coupon security is based on the difference between the original discounted price and the principal payment at the call date.
The principal amount accretes over time at a constant accrual rate and is redeemed at full face value at maturity. In effect, the accrual rate is the coupon rate or yield which is added to the outstanding principal rather than being paid out to investors.
terms for payment of interest on a zero coupon bond
specifies the date on which bonds are awarded to the lead manager or syndicate on negotiated deals, or the date of bidding on competitive deals
indicates the amount of the call on the specified call date, typically the sum of par value and the call premium, as specified in the contract
This is the price a bond issuer or preferred stock issuer must pay investors to buy back, or call, all or part of an issue before the maturity date.
for each call event on the schedule, indicates whether the rate is expressed as a percentage of par or percentage of percentage of cumulative average value (CAV)
Zero coupon bonds and OID bonds are callable at an accreted value.
indicates the maximum variable interest payment amount
date on which a bond can be converted into the specified equity security
relates the redemption provision of a debt instrument to one-time provision that may be exercised by the issuer under certain circumstances
indicates the final payment date of a financial instrument, at which point the principal (and all remaining interest) is due to be paid
indicates the amount of the call on the first call date as specified in the call schedule
specifies the first date on which the issuer or its agent expects or commits to make a coupon payment
The first coupon date sometimes occurs at an irregular time; that is, if the bond pays coupons every six months, the first coupon period may be longer or shorter than six months.
The first coupon payment period can be long or short when this date doesn't coincide with the start of a normal coupon payment period.
indicates the first date on which the bond may be called at par for redemption
specifies the amount of the call on the first par call date as specified in the call schedule
indicates the first date on which the bond may be called for redemption at a price above par
specifies the amount of the call on the first call date on which the bond may be called at a price above par as specified in the call schedule
indicates the initial date on which the holder may sell the bond to the issuer prior to maturity
specifies the initial price at which the holder may sell the bond to the issuer prior to maturity
indicates the minimum variable interest payment amount
indicates the source of funds for a new issue of municipal securities
specifies the final date on which the issuer expects to make a final coupon payment
The last coupon date sometimes occurs at an irregular time; that is, if the bond pays coupons every six months, the last coupon period may be longer or shorter than six months.
indicates the period of time for which a callable security cannot be called and only interest coupon payments are received by the security holder
With a 10-year noncall 3-year ("10nc3") debt security, the security cannot be called for the first three years.
specifies the financial institution with trust powers, designated by the issuer, that acts, pursuant to a bond contract, in a fiduciary capacity for the benefit of the bondholders in enforcing the terms of the bond contract
indicates the difference between the stated redemption price at maturity and the issue price
has partial redemption allocation convention
indicates the convention used to determine how the redemption is allocated over the set of bond holders
specifies the last coupon payment prior to maturity
This is important since the securities processing area needs to start its procedures in anticipation of maturity. For zero coupon bonds, it is the last compounding date prior to maturity.
indicates the premium paid to a bond holder when the bond is called
indicates the date on which a security is subject to redemption by the bond holder
indicates the recurring window of time in which the put feature can be exercised
indicates the amount of the principal paid with a redemption payment
identifies the dealer responsible for reselling to investors securities (such as variable rate demand obligations and other tender option bonds) that have been tendered for purchase by their owner.
indicates the offset from the coupon payment date on which the rate is reset
indicates whether or not a given municipal bond conforms with section 265(b)(3) of the IRS tax code; when purchased by a commercial bank for its portfolio, such designation allows the bank to deduct a portion of the interest cost of carry for the position
A bond that is bank qualified is also known as a qualified tax-exempt obligation.
indicates whether a legal opinion exists for a given municipal bond
relates an index-linked instrument to a government bond that may be selected by a calculation agent
Fallback Bond means, in relation to an Inflation Index applicable to an Inflation Linked Note, a bond selected by the Calculation Agent and issued by the government or one of the governments (but not any government agency) of the country (or countries) to whose level of inflation the Inflation Index relates and which pays a coupon and/or redemption amount which is calculated by reference to the Inflation Index, with a maturity date which falls on the same day as the Maturity Date of the Inflation Linked Notes, or such other date as the Calculation Agent shall select if there is no such bond maturing on the Maturity Date of the Inflation Linked Notes. If any bond so selected is redeemed, the Calculation Agent will select a new Fallback Bond on the same basis, but selected from all eligible bonds in issue at the time the original Fallback Bond is redeemed (including any bond for which the redeemed bond is exchanged). Note the rate of the fallback bond is used as a substitute for the inflation index if, for example, it is no longer published.
indicates whether the coupon is pro rated to the actual number of days in the payment period versus the number of payment periods
indicates that the bond has a long-term coupon but short potential short maturity
Super-sinker is a colloquial term for a term maturity, usually from a single family mortgage revenue issue with several term maturities, that will be the first to be called from a sinking fund into which all proceeds from prepayments of mortgages financed by the issue are deposited. The maturity's priority status under the call provisions means that it is likely to be redeemed in its entirety well before the stated maturity date.
a selling price that is less than the face or nominal value
a selling price significantly above the stated face or redemption value due to high demand or timing of redemption
an event associated with the call schedule for a debt instrument
redemption provision defining the rights of the issuer to buy back a security at a call price after a call protection period
Most corporate and municipal bonds have ten-year call features (termed call protection by holders); government securities typically have none.
provision of a call feature defining notification requirements
the price over par paid by an issuer to redeem securities when exercising a call provision
a schedule of call prices and when they are in effect
an explicit period of time prior to a call date during which an issuer or agent must give notice to holders
an offering of one or more debt instruments for sale
tradeable debt instrument that provides a return in the form of fixed periodic payments and typically the return of principal at maturity
Fixed income securities provide payments according to a regular schedule. This does not necessarily mean that the payments themselves are of a fixed amount, however.
a variable interest rate that is calculated by adding a margin to a specified index rate
Fully indexed interest rates are used for variable rate credit products. The interest rate on a variable (adjustable) rate mortgage corresponds to a specific benchmark (often the prime rate, but sometimes LIBOR, the one-year constant-maturity Treasury, or other benchmarks) plus a spread (also called the margin. The margin on a fully indexed interest rate product is determined by the underwriter and based on the borrower's credit quality.
interest-only strip
a strip that represents the non-principal portion of the monthly payments on the underlying debt instrument, such as a bond
An interest-only strip can be reintegrated into other synthetic or engineered products. For example, interest-only strips can be pooled to create or make up a portion of a larger collateralized mortgage obligation (CMO), asset-backed security (ABS) or collateralized debt obligation (CDO) structure.
An interest-only strip holder is interested in rising rates and no prepayment, as prepayment would cause them forfeit future interest payments and receive nothing from the return of the principal.
IO strip
debt that is set out by the borrower in some form of financial security in which the lender is the holder or counterparty of that security
a call provision allowing the issuer to pay off remaining debt early
The issuer typically has to make a lump sum payment to the investor derived from a formula based on the net present value (NPV) of future interest or coupon payments that will not be paid incrementally because of the call combined with the principal payment the investor would have received at maturity.
a variable that is added to a specified index rate to determine the fully indexed interest rate charged to a borrower on a credit balance
a debt instrument that may not be bought or sold
Low-risk instruments such as savings bonds are examples of nonnegotiable debt instruments.
Generally, a nonnegotiable instrument may be redeemed by the issuer, but this is often subject to some limitations.
provision of a redemption feature defining notification requirements
the stated value of a negotiable instrument, stock, or bond, as compared with the value that instrument might receive when sold
event related to the imposition or enforcement of a rule, method, formula, etc.
principal-only strip
a strip that represents the principal portion of the monthly payments on the underlying debt instrument, such as a bond
an issued debt in the form of a tradable debt instrument (security)
an event associated with the put schedule for a debt instrument, i.e., an event involving the 'put', or surrender of the instrument by the holder
redemption provision giving the holder the right, but not the obligation, to sell a specified amount of the debt instrument (i.e., redeem it), prior to maturity
FIBIM has term "Putable Date" which (by implication, and comparing with definition for "Next Call Date") is presumably a single calendar date in the future, at a given point in time. That does not cover the definition of formal terms defining when and how the issue may be put, which is what is modeled here.
a provision of a put feature defining notification requirements
an amount over par that a debt instrument holder must pay to sell the security early
a schedule that defines the events associated with the put feature of a debt instrument, i.e, the dates on which the debt instrument may be sold at what price by the holder
an explicit period of time prior to a put date during which holder or agent must give notice to an issuer
a prescriptive event involving the return of an investor's principal in a fixed-income security, such as a preferred stock or bond, or the sale of units in a mutual fund
security price specified in comparison with either a stated or market value for a debt instrument at some point in time
event that prescribes a change in a contractual term, such as a rate or notional amount, for a given contract
schedule specifying the date(s) and change in a contractual term(s), e.g., rate or notional amount, for a contract that has a feature where stipulated changes occur at specified intervals or on specified dates
strip
a tradeable debt instrument created either through the process of removing coupons from a bond and then selling the separate parts as a zero coupon bond and an interest paying coupon bond or through taking the opposite position from some variant in the options market
STRIPS is an acronym for Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities, which has come to be used as a term in its own right.
Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities
a debt instrument that is also a security, i.e., that can be bought and sold by the holder
Details from Ecofin: A [debt] instrument can be traded, if its features depend only on one borrower. If the instrument has no bilateral or multilateral obligations, the investor can easily transfer it to another investor without asking the borrower (except the terms prohibit this explicitly). This is simplified with securitised instruments, where the debt is already split into handy denominations which trade easily (e.g. in round thousands or millions as with bonds, commercial paper, etc.). But in principle it works also with interbank loans and similar instruments. FIBIM Definition: Financial instruments evidencing moneys owed by the issuer to the holder on terms as specified.
tradeable debt instrument that provide their owners with a rate of return that is dynamic and determined by market forces
Variable-income securities provide investors with both greater risks as well as rewards.
indicates whether the security allows automatically re-investing the interest on that security towards purchasing additional shares or units of the same security
indicates whether the principal may be repaid in kind (i.e., replaced with another instrument) rather than in cash
indicates the specific terms related to any inherent call feature as specified in the offering/instrument
specifies the date on which interest begins to accrue on a fixed-income security
Investors who purchase a fixed-income security between interest payment dates must also pay the seller or issuer any interest that has accrued from the dated date to the purchase date, or settlement date, in addition to the face value.
indicates the default number of units of the security that may be held at any one time
This is the minimum denomination required for transfer or change of ownership of a tradable debt security.
indicates that a security is subject to redemption upon the passing of the holder
indicates the specific terms related to interest payments on the principal as specified in the instrument or a related contract document
relates the redemption provision of a debt instrument to a notification provision (e.g., call or put notification)
has price and yield day count convention
indicates the convention used to determine the number of days in a month and days in a year that are counted when performing calculations for yield and price figures
indicates the specific terms related to any inherent put feature as specified in the offering/instrument
indicates a relative price with respect to the face value at which an instrument is issued, namely par, premium or discount
indicates a relative price with respect to the face value at the time an instrument matures, namely par, discount or premium
indicates a relative price with respect to the face value at the time an instrument is redeemed, namely par, discount or premium
indicates the specific terms related to repayment of principal as specified in the instrument or a related contract document
indicates whether the holder has an option to retain the security in the event of an issuer exercising the put feature
indicates whether the issuer (writer) of the debt contract (the debtor) can call the debt prior to maturity
indicates whether the security can be exchanged for another security at the issuers discretion
indicates whether the expiration date or maturity date can be extended by the holder
indicates whether the issuer has the option to extend the debt rather than refinancing
If not, the issuer may only refinance the debt by calling the issue and creating a new issue.
indicates whether the holder has the right to ask for redemption of the security prior to final maturity
indicates whether or not the instrument can be stripped, so that interest and principal may be traded separately
indicates whether the security is a subordinated security, meaning that the security has a lower priority than another security so that when the assets are liquidated this one is not first in line
indicates the target security (i.e., the one in the range) has a higher priority than the security in question
administrative agent
role of a financial institution (often one of the primary lenders in the syndicate) designated to act as an intermediary between the borrowers and the syndicate lenders
An administrative agent is designated by the syndicate and granted the authority to disburse funds, collect payments, monitor compliance and act as the communications intermediary with the borrower on behalf of the syndicate. This coordination role is crucial to ensuring that lenders' rights and oblications are properly coordinated and to streamline operations. Their authority and the scope of what they can do is explicitly stated in the loan agreement, and does not allow unilateral decision making with respect to the terms of the loan.
bookrunner
financial institution (typically a commercial or investment bank) responsible for coordinating the arrangement, structuring, and marketing of the loan to potential lenders
A 'bookrunner' is primarily responsible for managing the distribution and sale of a security during a new issuance, while a 'lead arranger' is the primary bank that structures and leads a syndicated loan, often assigning portions of the loan to other banks to participate in the deal; essentially, the bookrunner focuses on selling the security to investors, while the lead arranger focuses on structuring the loan itself and coordinating the syndicate of lenders involved.
documentation agent
financial institution designated to oversee the drafting, negotiation, and finalization of the loan documentation
finance syndicate
group of financial institutions or lenders that collectively agree to provide funding for a large loan to a single borrower
Syndicates are formed to enable the provision of substantial financing amounts that would be challenging or risky for any one lender to offer alone. The syndicate structure allows lenders to share the loan amount, spreading both the funding and associated risks among multiple participants.
finance syndicate member
syndicate member that is a financial services provider that contributes funds to a syndicated loan or loan participation note
Syndicate members may include a variety of financial institutions, such as commercial banks, investment banks, institutional investors - insurance companies, pension funds, and hedge funds, and specialty finance firms, focused on specific industries or credit profiles, which may join syndicates for specialized or higher-risk loans.
lead arranger
financial institution that spearheads the loan structuring and syndication process on behalf of the borrower
The lead arranger acts as the primary point of contact for the borrower. They perform credit analysis and due diligence, ensure that the structure meets borrowers goals, and coordinates with potential lenders regarding the initial structure and commitments.
arranger
lead bank
lead manager
loan participation note
credit facility and fixed-income security that may be distributed across a group of lenders
LPN
The main difference between a loan participation and a loan syndication is that in a loan participation, one lender sells ownership interests in a loan to other lenders, while in a loan syndication, the lenders work together to originate and lend on the loan.
With an LPN, a lead bank underwrites and issues the loan. This lending institution then recruits other banks to participate and share the risks and profits on a pro rata basis. The lead lender keeps a partial interest in the loan and is responsible for servicing it.
syndicated loan
credit agreement in which a group of lenders, known as a syndicate, collectively provides a large loan to a single borrower
A syndicated loan enables pooling of funds from multiple financial institutions, typically under the leadership of one or more arranging banks. These kinds of credit agreements are often used by large corporations, private equity investors and government entities for significant capital needs such as acquisitions, project financing, or to meet operational requirements.
syndication agent
financial institution (typically a commercial or investment bank) designated to help structure, arrange, and manage the loan syndication process
Syndication agents are important at the beginning of the process, including setting up the syndicate, supporting distribution of the loan across lenders, marketing, and the like. They are far less involved in loan administration, which is managed by the administrative agent.
American exercise convention
exercise convention that stipulates that an option may be exercised anytime between the purchase date and date of expiration
American exercise terms
exercise terms that stipulate that an option may be exercised on or before the date of expiration
Under certain circumstances, early exercise may be advantageous to the option holder.
Bermudan exercise convention
Bermudan exercise terms
exercise terms that stipulate that an option may only be exercised on predetermined dates within some exercise window, often on one day each month or at the date of expiration
The Bermuda option is named as such because its exercise dates are more flexible than European options and less flexible than American options. Thus, it is in the middle, just like Bermuda is between Europe and America. Bermuda options are also referred to as Mid-Atlantic, Quasi American, or Semi-American options.
canary exercise convention
exercise/call convention that stipulates that an option may only be exercised on predetermined dates until the first step is reached, but not after that point
canary exercise terms
exercise terms that stipulate that an option may only be exercised on predetermined dates until the first step is reached, but not after that point
European exercise convention
exercise convention that stipulates that an option may only be exercised at the date of expiration
European exercise terms
exercise terms that stipulate that an option may only be exercised at the date of expiration
exercise convention
convention that determines when the holder or future holder of an option can implement the rights defined in the option
exercise terms
contract terms specific to the conditions, conventions and other stipulations related to the exercise of an option or entitlement
has exercise date
indicates a date on which an option may be exercised as specified in the terms of the contract
has exercise terms
links a derivative, such as an option or entitlement, to any exercise terms that are specified therein
has exercise window
indicates a period of time during which the option may be exercised as specified in the terms of the contract
absolute prepayment rate
measure of the monthly rate of loan prepayments as a percentage of the original pool balance
ABS
ABS is defined by the following formula where SMM refers to Single Monthly Mortality, which measures the percentage of dollars prepaid in a given month expressed as a percentage of the scheduled loan balance. ABS = (100 * SMM)/100 + (SMM X (Age - 1).
The ABS measurement differs from conditional prepayment rate (CPR) used in the mortgage industry, which measures prepayment as an annualized percentage of the current pool balance.
asset-backed security
debt instrument backed by receivables other than those arising out of real estate loans or mortgages
ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI code), Fourth edition, 2019-10-01
An asset-backed security (ABS) is a type of financial investment that is collateralized by an underlying pool of assets—usually ones that generate a cash flow from debt, such as loans, leases, credit card balances, or receivables. It takes the form of a bond or note, paying income at a fixed rate for a set amount of time, until maturity. ABS are financial securities backed by income-generating assets such as credit card receivables, home equity loans, student loans, and auto loans. Pooling assets into an ABS is a process called securitization. One difference between an ABS and a collateralized debt obligation (CDO) is that the CDO issuer is generally a special purpose vehicle (SPV) or trust.
Asset-backed securities, for example home equity loans (HEL), credit cards, and so forth are backed by receivables [payments] that are either secured (such as HEL) or unsecured (for example, credit cards). They are typically tranched based on default risk.
attachment point
lower tranche boundary of a tranche defined as a percentage of the value of the total pool of collateral, either at issuance or as of some point in time
Alexander Veremyev, Peter Tsyurmasto, and Stan Uryasev. "Optimal Structuring of CDO contracts: Optimization Approach". https://www.ise.ufl.edu/uryasev/files/2012/10/structuring_CDO_JCR_oct12.pdf
A CDO tranche becomes liable for losses when the total amount of defaults or losses in the underlying debt pool exceeds a certain threshold, called the attachment point. The attachment point is expressed as a percentage of the total value of the debt pool. In other words, the attachment point is the level of subordination above which a given tranche stands. Note that the notion of 'liability for loss' is in a financial or econonmic sense rather than a legal sense.
The higher the attachment point, the lower the risk and the return for the tranche. The lower the attachment point, the higher the risk and the return for the tranche. The most senior tranches have the highest attachment points and are paid first from the cash flows of the debt pool. The most junior tranches have the lowest attachment points and are paid last from the cash flows of the debt pool. The junior tranches also bear the first losses when defaults occur in the debt pool.
debt pool statistical measure
qualified measure of some aspect of the behavior of one or more debt instrument(s) that may vary over time
default rate
qualified measure of the rate at which holders of the debt instruments in the pool default on those instruments
detachment point
upper tranche boundary of a tranche defined as a percentage of the value of the total pool of collateral, either at issuance or as of some point in time
The CDO tranche loss arises when the cumulative collateral loss exceeds the tranche's attachment point. The detachment point corresponds to the amount of pool losses that will completely wipe out the respective tranche. The detachment point is the maximum of pool-level losses at which a given tranche becomes liable for losses.
pool-backed security
debt instrument that derives its cashflow from an underlying pool of mortgage loans or other receivables
If the security is a component of a collateralized debt obligation, then the underlying pool is typically segmented into various tranches, each of which provides cash flows to hedge particular risks, or that offset other gains by time to maturity or other factors.
prepayment speed
estimated rate at which a debt or part of a debt is paid off ahead of schedule
A prepayment model is used to estimate the level of prepayments (speed) on a loan portfolio that will occur in a set period of time, given possible changes in interest rates. Understanding prepayment speed is critical in assessing the value of mortgage pass-through securities. Prepayment models are based on mathematical equations and usually involve the analysis of historical prepayment trends to predict what will happen in the future. Prepayment models are often used to value mortgage pools such as GNMA securities or other securitized debt products, including mortgage-backed securities (MBS).
principal protected note
structured finance that offers investors exposure to chosen underlying assets using various approaches and asymmetric pay-off profiles
There are one or more reference entities underlying the product. Redemption is made at least in the amount of the conditional capital protection at maturity, provided that no credit event by the reference entity has occurred. Conditional capital protection only applies to the nominal amount and not to the purchase price. The general functioning of a capital guaranteed structured instrument is as follows: the notional amount is split into a zero bond, that will deliver the capital guarantee at maturity, and the difference between the zero bond's value (= present value of the guarantee level at maturity) and the notional amount is used for structuring the performance component with options which deliver the agreed pay-off profile of the structured instrument.
capital protected note
single monthly mortality
estimated per-month percentage of mortgages in an MBS pool that will be paid off early
SMM
Single monthly mortality (SMM) is a way to gauge the prepayment risk of a mortgage-backed security.
structured finance instrument
pool-backed security wherein the risk associated with the pool has been uncoupled from the risk associated with the originating institution through a special purpose vehicle
Collateralized debt obligations (CDOs), synthetic financial instruments, collateralized bond obligations (CBOs), and syndicated loans are examples of structured finance instruments.
Structured finance instruments represent a form of securitization technology which can be defined by three key characteristics: (1) pooling of financial assets, such as loans, bonds, or credit-default swaps; (2) de-linking of the credit risk of the asset pool from the credit risk of the originating firm, usually through use of a finite-lived, stand-alone special purpose vehicle (SPV); and (3) issuance by the SPV of "tranched" liabilities backed by the asset pool. Structured finance instruments are typically presented to large financial institutions or companies with complicated financing needs that are unsatisfied with conventional financial products.
structured finance
structured finance without principal protection
structured finance that is a short-term note linked to an underlying asset that offers a steady stream of income
The redemption at the end of the term is determined on the basis of the performance and final fixing of the underlying asset: a redemption at the nominal value is guaranteed as long as the underlying asset has not touched its barrier during relevant barrier monitoring. If the underlying asset has touched its barrier but is again above the strike price at final fixing, the nominal price is also repaid. Nevertheless, if the underlying asset has touched its barrier during barrier monitoring and closes below the strike price at final fixing, the underlying asset is delivered or cash compensation paid, provided that no credit event by the reference entity has occurred. Depending on the characteristics of the product, either a coupon or a discount to the underlying asset can apply. A coupon is paid out regardless of the performance of the underlying asset, provided that no credit event by the reference entity has occurred.
structured finance without capital protection
tranche
segment of a pool of securities, typically debt instruments
A tranche is one of a number of related securities in the same offering that represents a partition of a debt pool whose cash flow is derived from the combined cash flows of the instruments in that partition.
weighted average coupon
weighted-average gross interest rates of the pool of mortgages that underlie a mortgage-backed security (MBS) weighed by their balances at the time the securities were issued
Provided by the Issuer (loan servicer?) along with the WALA etc. If you know the underlying loans you can calculate this yourself. For ABS you don't know this so you have to get this information from the loan servicer. Investopedia explains Weighted Average Coupon - WAC For example, suppose a MBS is composed of two different pools of mortgages: $6 million worth of mortgages that yield 7.5% and a pool of $4 million mortgages that yield 5%. The WAC would be 6.5%. The WAC on a mortgage-backed security is an important piece of information used by analysts to estimate the pre-pay characteristics of that security. It is an important relative value tool in MBS portfolio management and analysis.
WAC
The weighted average coupon (WAC) is calculated by taking the gross of the interest rates owed on the underlying mortgages of the MBS and weighting them according to the percentage of the security that each mortgage represents. The WAC represents the average interest rate of different pools of mortgages with varying interest rates. In the weighted average calculation, the principal balance of each underlying mortgage is used as the weighting factor. To calculate the WAC, the coupon rate of each mortgage or MBS is multiplied by its remaining principal balance. The results are added together, and the sum total is divided by the remaining balance. A mortgage-backed security's current WAC can differ from its original WAC as the underlying mortgages pay down at different speeds. In the weighted-average calculation, the principal balance of each underlying mortgage is used as the weighting factor.
weighted average life
weighted average of the times of the principal repayments Average life is calculated using the weighted average time to the receipt of all future cash flows.
WAL
Average life is calculated using the weighted average time to the receipt of all future cash flows of an amortizing loan or amortizing bond. it's the average time until a dollar of principal is repaid.
The time weightings used in weighted average life calculations are based on payments to the principal. In many loans, such as mortgages, each payment consists of payments to principal and payments to interest. In WAL, only the principal payments are considered and these payments tend to get larger over time, with early payments of a mortgage going mostly to interest, while payments made towards the end of the loan are applied mostly to the principal balance of the loan.
Where it refers to pre-payment above, if the bond does not include prepayment then this is not included. However, analytics that refer to this e.g. Yield to Average Life, then this figure is relevant. It is not relevant for other types of bond where e.g. you would use yield to next call, yield to worst etc. Average Life used in place of Maturity for Yield Calculation. This is not only used for Yield calculations though. It is referred to as an analytic figure in its own right. Average Life uses one of a number of standard pre-payment models (for structured finance at least). For MBS, the average life includes some calculations to take account of pre-payments on the underlying mortgages. This takes account of the possibillity of borrowers paying early. This has to be modeled or forecast (not given) as it's a function of market conditions and interest rate. You would not see this in a market data feed. When you model MBS you calculate Average Life as part of the model i.e. you estimate the percentage of prepayment in the next x length of time and factor this into the Average Life. Refers to Weighted Average Time to receipt of future cash flows. For MBS, early payments will shorten the Average Life. For Student Loans, Credit Card, Loan etc, i.e. all Pool Backed (any bond that has securitized debt). Other bonds: Sinking Funds etc., also Early Payment - partial Call for a corporate / regular bond. Early Payment for pass through has the same effect. Sinking Fund: Each payment is part principal and part interest, this is implicit in the overall definition of "Early payment".
average life
weighted average loan age
dollar-weighted average measuring the age of the individual loans in a mortgage pass-through or pooled security
WALA
A weighted average loan age (WALA) may apply to pool-backed securities such as Ginnie Mae or Freddie Mac securities. The WALA is measured as the time in months since the origination of the loans, with the weighting based on each loan's size in proportion to the aggregate total of the pool.
This is defined by the issuer. WALA is more official, not an analysis from a vendor. This changes but the values are relayed by the issuer on an ongoing basis. Investopedia explains Weighted Average Loan Age - WALA The weighted average age will change over time as some mortgages get paid off faster than others. Based on the issuer of the mortgage-backed securities (MBS), the WALA may be weighted on the remaining principal balance dollar figure, or the beginning notional value of the loan. The flip side of the WALA is the weighted average maturity (WAM), which is a dollar-weighted measure of the months remaining until the principal amounts are completely repaid on each loan in the pool.
weighted average maturity
weighted average amount of time until the maturities on mortgages in a mortgage-backed security (MBS)
WAM
The measure is calculated by totaling each mortgage value represented by the MBS. The weights of each mortgage is found by dividing the value of each into the total of all. To arrive at the WAM number the weight of each security is multiplied by the time until maturity of each mortgage, and then all the values are added together. For example say an MBS has three mortgages valued at $1,000, $2,000 and $3,000 (a total of $6,000) and mature in one, two and three years respectively. The weights of these are 1/6 (1,000/6,000), 1/3 (2,000/6,000) and 1/2 (3,000/6,000). The WAM is 2 1/3 years (1/6 x 1 year + 1/3 x 2 years + 1/2 x 3 years). Note that this calculation would need to be adjusted if there are multiple pools behind the MBS.
This term is used more broadly to describe maturities in a portfolio of debt securities, including corporate debt and municipal bonds. The higher the WAM, the longer it takes for all of the mortgages or bonds in the portfolio to mature. WAM is used to manage debt portfolios and to assess the performance of debt portfolio managers.
weighted average remaining term
weighted average time to maturity of a portfolio of asset-backed securities (ABS) or mortgage-backed (MBS) securities
WART
The longer the WART, the longer the portfolio's assets will take to mature, on average. WART is often used in relation to mortgage-backed securities (MBS) but can also be applied to any portfolio of fixed-income securities. WART is closely related to weighted average loan age (WALA), which is its inverse.
weighted average remaining maturity
indicates the minimum (lower boundary) of the total value of the underlying collateral, either at issuance or as of some point in time, at which point a given tranche becomes liable for losses
When it is said that a tranche becomes 'liable for losses,' it means that the tranche starts to absorb or incur financial losses due to defaults or impairments in the underlying assets. This is based on the contractual agreements and the structuring of the CDO, which dictate the order in which losses are allocated to different tranches. Note that the notion of 'liability for loss' is in a financial or econonmic sense rather than a legal sense.
indicates the maximum (upper boundary) of the total value of the underlying collateral, either at issuance or as of some point in time, at which point the value of given tranche is wiped out
indicates the estimated value of the combined underlying collateral for a given tranche at the time the instrument was issued
is pass through
indicates whether the cash flows from the underlying asset pool are passed through to the investor by way of redemption payments
bankers' acceptance
short-term debt instrument that is guaranteed and paid by a bank and used as a relatively safe form of payment for large transactions
Considered negotiable instruments with features of a time draft, bankers' acceptances are created by the drawer and provide the bearer with the right to the amount noted on the face of the acceptance on the specified date. Unlike traditional checks, bankers' acceptances function based on the creditworthiness of the banking institution instead of the individual or business acting as the drawer. Additionally, the drawer must provide the funds necessary to support the bankers' acceptance, eliminating the risk associated with insufficient funds on the part of the drawer.
bill of exchange
short-term negotiable financial instrument consisting of an order in writing addressed by one person (the seller of goods) to another (the buyer), requiring the latter to pay a fixed amount of money on demand (a sight draft) or on a predetermined date (a time draft)
A bill of exchange is a written agreement between two parties - the buyer and the seller - used primarily in international trade. The buyer or seller typically employs a bank to issue the bill of exchange due to the risks involved with international transactions. Bills of exchange can be transferred by endorsement, much like a check. They can also require the buyer to pay a third party - a bank - in the event that the buyer fails to make good on his agreement with the seller.
bank draft
draft
commercial paper
an unsecured short-term debt instrument typically issued by a bank, corporation, or foreign government to obtain funds to meet short-term debt obligations, such as accounts receivable, inventories, or payroll, backed only by an issuing bank or company promise to pay the face amount on the maturity date specified on the note
Commercial paper has a very-short to short maturity period (usually, 2 to 30 days, and rarely more than 270 days).
party that is required to pay the amount stated on the bill of exchange to the payee
party that requires a drawee to pay either a third party or themselves with respect to a bill of exchange
eurodollar deposit
a certificate of deposit with a fixed interest rate issued in U.S. dollars outside the jurisdiction of the Federal Reserve, held at banks outside of the United States, including branches of U.S. banks located outside of the U.S.
A bank in Japan or Singapore may accept dollar deposits, but these are still called Eurodollar deposits. The market also includes other currencies, so there are Eurosterling, Euroyen, Euroswiss, etc. Eurocurrency is the general term for any currency deposited in bank branches outside countries where it is the national currency.
money market instrument
a short-term debt security that gives the owner the unconditional right to receive a stated, fixed sum of money on a specified date
These instruments usually are traded at a discount in organized markets; the discount is dependent upon the interest rate and the time remaining to maturity. Included are such instruments as treasury bills, commercial and financial paper, bankers' acceptances, negotiable certificates of deposit (with original maturities of one year or less), and short-term notes issued under note issuance facilities.
repurchase agreement
agreement between two parties whereby one party lends the other a security at a specified price with a commitment to take the security back at a later date for another specified price
REPO
Most repos are overnight transactions, with the sale taking place one day and being reversed the next day. Long-term repos - called term repos - can extend for a month or more. Usually, repos are for a fixed period of time, but open-ended deals are also possible. Reverse repo is a term used to describe the opposite side of a repo transaction. The party who sells and later repurchases a security is said to perform a repo. The other party - who purchases and later resells the security - is said to perform a reverse repo. While a repo functions like the sale and subsequent repurchase of a security, but the legal reality and the economic effect is that of a secured loan. This is a loan as the original owner retains the rights to the cashflows of the underlying security. Economically, the party purchasing the security makes funds available to the seller and holds the security as collateral. If the repurchased security pays a dividend, coupon or partial redemptions during the repo, the funds are returned to the original owner. The difference between the sale and repurchase prices paid for the security represent interest on the loan. Indeed, repos are quoted as interest rates. A repo always pays interest at maturity, i.e. there are no periodic interest payments.
American depositary receipt
depositary receipt that represents securities of a foreign company and allows that company's securities to trade in the U.S. financial markets
For example, Accton Technology is traded on the Taiwanese exchange. In order for Accton Technology to be traded in the United States, Citibank, acting as a domestic custodian bank, purchases shares of Accton Technology and creates a security, ISIN US00437R1032, which can be traded on a U.S. exchange, in this case PORTAL. Note that the depositary shares do not have to equal the number of original shares. In the case of Accton Technology, one depositary share is equivalent to two original shares.
ADR
Most ADRs are issued by a domestic custodian bank when the underlying securities are deposited in a foreign depositary bank, usually by a broker who has purchased the securities in the open market local to the foreign company. An ADR can represent a fraction of a share, a single share, or multiple shares of a foreign security. The holder of an ADR has the right to obtain the underlying foreign security that the ADR represents, but investors usually find it more convenient to own the ADR. The price of an ADR generally tracks the price of the foreign security in its home market, adjusted for the ratio of ADRs to foreign company shares. In the case of companies domiciled in the United Kingdom, creation of ADRs attracts a 1.5 percent creation fee; this creation fee is different than stamp duty reserve tax charge by the UK government. Depositary banks have various responsibilities to ADR holders and to the issuing foreign company the ADR represents.
American depositary receipt level
classifier for American depositary receipts that categorizes ADRs into levels based on the extent to which the foreign company has access to the U.S. market
ADR level
American depositary receipt level scheme
Chinese depositary receipt
global depositary receipt that represents ownership in the securities of a non-Chinese company that trades on a public exchange in China
CDR
It refers to shares in non-Chinese companies that trade in China the same way that American depositary receipts (ADRs) allow non-U.S. company shares to trade on American exchanges.
depositary receipt
negotiable financial instrument issued by a trust company, security depositary, or bank that is evidence of the deposit of publicly traded securities and that facilitates the ownership of securities traded in other jurisdictions
Depositary receipts are widely used in order to allow the trading of securities in jurisdictions other than the one where the original securities were issued, such as in a local market. Depositary receipts facilitate buying securities in foreign companies, because the securities do not have to leave the home country. They enable domestic investors to buy securities of foreign companies without the accompanying risks or inconveniences of cross-border and cross-currency transactions.
European depositary receipt
global depositary receipt that represents ownership in the securities of a non-European company that trades in European financial markets
EDR
A European depositary receipt is a European equivalent of the original American depositary receipt (ADR). The EDR is issued by a bank in Europe representing securities traded on an exchange outside of the bank's home country.
global depositary receipt
depositary receipt where a certificate issued by a depositary bank, which purchases securities of foreign companies, creates a security on a local exchange backed by those securities
GDR
Global depositary receipts are the global equivalent of the original American depositary receipts (ADR) on which they are based. GDRs represent ownership of an underlying number of securities of a foreign company and are commonly used to invest in companies from developing or emerging markets by investors in developed markets.
international depositary receipt
Hong Kong depositary receipt
global depositary receipt that represents the purchase, or ownership, of foreign assets which are deposited in a depositary bank in Hong Kong
HKDR
A Hong Kong Depositary Receipt (HDR) is a negotiable instrument issued by a depositary bank that evidences ownership of securities in a corporation organized outside Hong Kong. HDRs trade on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKEx), thus enabling foreign issuers to tap the Hong Kong market and local investors to efficiently invest in quality international companies.
Indian depositary receipt
global depositary receipt that represents the purchase, or ownership, of foreign assets which are deposited in a Indian account managed by the Domestic Depository in India
IDR
An Indian Depository Receipt (IDR) is an instrument denominated in Indian Rupees in the form of a depositary receipt created by a Domestic Depository (custodian of securities registered with the Securities and Exchange Board of India) against the underlying securities of issuing company to enable foreign companies to raise funds from the Indian securities Markets.
Japanese depositary receipt
global depositary receipt that represents the purchase, or ownership, of foreign assets which are deposited in a trust bank in Japan
JDR
A Japanese Depositary Receipt (JDR) is an instrument issued by a trust bank in Japan that evidences ownership of securities in a corporation organized outside Japan. JDRs trade on the Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE) in yen, and in accordance with Japanese market conventions, enabling foreign issuers to tap the Japanese capital market and local investors to efficiently invest in quality international companies.
Level I American depositary receipt
American Depositary Receipt level indicating that the ADR can only be traded over-the-counter in the U.S.
Level I ADR
This level can apply to sponsored and unsponsored ADRs. However, this is the only level available for unsponsored ADRs. A Level I ADR is easier to set up for foreign companies since it does not require the same disclosures or the need to abide by generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). There is some degree of risk with Level I ADRs given their relative lack of transparency.
Level II American depositary receipt
American Depositary Receipt level that is sponsored and can be listed on an exchange
Level II ADR
This level is visible to a wider market and requires the company to comply with the SEC regulatory rules. However, they cannot be used to raise capital.
Level III American depositary receipt
American Depositary Receipt level that can be listed on an exchange and permit companies to issue shares to raise capital for the foreign issuer, but require the highest level of compliance and disclosure
Level III ADR
Luxembourg depositary receipt
global depositary receipt that represents the purchase, or ownership, of foreign assets which are deposited in a Luxembourg-based account
LDR
A Luxembourg Depositary Receipt (LDR) is a certificate which represents the purchase, or ownership, of foreign assets which are deposited in a Luxembourg-based account. An LDR functions in much the same way as a global depositary receipt (GDR). LDRs may represent ownership of either an underlying number of shares or a notional amount of bonds.
offshore depositary receipt
depositary receipt issued under SEC Regulation S
This regulation means that the securities are not, and will not be registered with any U.S. securities regulation authority. Regulation S shares cannot be held or traded by any 'U.S. person' as defined by SEC Regulation S rules. The shares are registered and issued to offshore, non-U.S. residents.
participatory note
tradable debt instrument that facilitates the ownership of securities traded in other jurisdictions
Participation notes are required by investors or hedge funds to invest in Indian securities without having to register with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). P-Notes are among the group of investments considered to be Offshore Derivative Investments (ODIs) in Indian markets.
P-Note
Depository receipts are widely used in order to allow the trading of debt instruments in jurisdictions other than the one where the original debt instruments were issued
Typically P-Notes are SPVs that are created to allow participation from outside that market. The SPV purchases a security on shore and issues a note that represents that security to offshore investors. They are similar to an ADR but always a debt security.
participation note
privately placed depositary receipt
depositary receipt that represents shares in a private placement under the SEC Rule 144-A
Some foreign companies will set up an ADR program under SEC Rule 144-A. This provision makes the issuance of shares a private placement. Shares of companies registered under Rule 144-A are restricted stock and may only be issued to or traded by qualified institutional buyers (QIBs). U.S. public shareholders are generally not permitted to invest in these ADR programs, and most are held exclusively through the Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation, so there is often very little information on these companies.
sponsored depositary receipt
depositary receipt that is issued in collaboration with the foreign company enabling them to tap into international capital markets directly
Although a sponsored ADR would be listed in the United States, the issuing company still has its revenue and profit denominated in its home currency.
unsponsored depositary receipt
depositary receipt that is established without the company's cooperation
For an unsponsored ADR, a depositary entity can issue certificates when there's heavy demand from investors for ownership in a specific company from abroad. The issuing entity is normally a broker-dealer that owns common stock in the company. Because they're issued without the consent or cooperation of the foreign company, unsponsored ADRs generally trade over-the-counter (OTC)—rather than on a stock exchange. Also, shareholder benefits and voting rights may not be extended to the holders of these particular securities. Many large global corporations use unsponsored ADRs to attract American capital. For example, American investors can invest in Royal Mail PLC, a postal and delivery service company from the United Kingdom that was founded by Henry VIII. The company's unsponsored ADR trades OTC under the ticker symbol ROYMY.
has multiplier
indicates the number of underlying shares (whether multiple or fractional) represented by a single depositary receipt
has number of depositary receipts issued
indicates the number of receipts issued to the general public
has traded security
links a depositary receipt to the instrument that it represents
has traded share
links a depositary receipt to the instrument (equity or exchange-traded fund) that it represents
common share class that represents class A series shares in Alphabet Inc.
Alphabet Inc. class A financial instrument short name
Alphabet Inc. class A common share financial instrument short name (FISN)
common share class that represents class C series shares in Alphabet Inc.
Alphabet Inc. class C financial instrument short name
Alphabet Inc. class C capital stock financial instrument short name (FISN)
Alphabet Inc. functional entity that is an issuer of stock
common share class representing shares in Apple Inc.
Apple Inc. common stock financial instrument short name
Apple Inc. common stock financial instrument short name (FISN)
Apple Inc. functional entity that is an issuer of common stock
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for Apple Inc. common shares listed in the Nasdaq (NASDAQ-NGS)
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for The Home Depot common shares listed in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for IBM common shares listed in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for The Coca-Cola Company common shares listed in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for The Proctor & Gamble Company common shares listed in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for Wells Fargo & Company common shares listed in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for JPMorgan Chase & Co. common shares listed in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for Citigroup Inc. common shares listed in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for The Coca-Cola Company common shares
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for Apple Inc. common shares
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for The Home Depot, Inc. common shares
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for IBM common shares
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for The Proctor & Gamble Company common shares
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for Wells Fargo & Company common shares
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for Citigroup Inc. common shares
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for JPMorgan Chase & Co. common shares
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for Alphabet Inc. class A common shares
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for Alphabet Inc. class C common shares
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for Alphabet Inc. class A common shares listed in the Nasdaq (NASDAQ-NGS)
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for Alphabet Inc. class C common shares listed in the Nasdaq (NASDAQ-NGS)
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) for Apple Inc. common shares listed in the London Stock Exchange
Alphabet Inc. class C common share CUSIP
Alphabet Inc. class A common share CUSIP
The Coca-Cola Company common share CUSIP
The Proctor & Gamble Company common share CUSIP
Wells Fargo & Company common share CUSIP
common share class representing shares in Citigroup Inc.
Citigroup Inc. common stock financial instrument short name
Citigroup Inc. common stock financial instrument short name (FISN)
Citigroup Inc. functional entity that is an issuer of common stock
The Proctor & Gamble Company common share ISIN
International Business Machines Corporation common stock
common share class representing shares in International Business Machines Corporation
International Business Machines Corporation common stock financial instrument short name
IBM common stock financial instrument short name (FISN)
International Business Machines Corporation common stock issuer
IBM functional entity that is an issuer of common stock
common share class representing shares in J.P. Morgan Chase & Co.
J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. common stock financial instrument short name
J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. common stock financial instrument short name (FISN)
J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. common stock issuer
J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. functional entity that is an issuer of common stock
Apple Inc. common share SEDOL listed in the London Stock Exchange
common share class representing shares in The Coca-Cola Company
The Coca-Cola Company common stock financial instrument short name
The Coca-Cola Company common stock financial instrument short name (FISN)
The Coca-Cola Company common stock issuer
The Coca-Cola Company functional entity that is an issuer of common stock
common share class representing shares in The Home Depot, Inc.
The Home Depot, Inc. common stock financial instrument short name
Home Depot, Inc. common stock financial instrument short name (FISN)
The Home Depot, Inc. common stock issuer
Home Depot, Inc. functional entity that is an issuer of common stock
The Proctor & Gamble Company common stock
common share class representing shares in The Proctor & Gamble Company
The Proctor & Gamble Company common stock financial instrument short name
The Proctor & Gamble Company common stock financial instrument short name (FISN)
The Proctor & Gamble Company common stock issuer
The Proctor & Gamble Company functional entity that is an issuer of common stock
ticker symbol for Apple Inc. common stock listed in the London Stock Exchange
ticker symbol for Apple Inc. common stock listed in the Nasdaq (NASDAQ-NGS)
ticker symbol for Alphabet Inc. class C capital stock listed in the Nasdaq (NASDAQ-NGS)
ticker symbol for Alphabet Inc. class A common stock listed in the Nasdaq (NASDAQ-NGS)
ticker symbol for Citigroup Inc. common stock listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
ticker symbol for The Home Depot, Inc. common stock listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
ticker symbol for Wells Fargo & Company common stock listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
ticker symbol for JPMorgan Chase & Co. common stock listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
ticker symbol for The Coca-Cola Company common stock listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
ticker symbol for The Proctor & Gamble Company common stock listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
Apple Inc. common share listed in the London Stock Exchange
XNAS-listed Alphabet Inc. class A common stock
Alphabet Inc. class A common share listed in the Nasdaq (NASDAQ-NGS)
XNAS-listed Alphabet Inc. class C capital stock
Alphabet Inc. class C capital stock listed in the Nasdaq (NASDAQ-NGS)
Apple Inc. common share listed in the Nasdaq (NASDAQ-NGS)
Citigroup Inc. common share listed in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
IBM common share listed in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
XNYS-listed JPMorgan Chase & Co. common stock
JPMorgan Chase & Co. common share listed in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
XNYS-listed The Coca-Cola Company common stock
The Coca-Cola Company common share listed in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
XNYS-listed The Home Depot, Inc. common stock
The Home Depot, Inc. common share listed in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
XNYS-listed The Proctor & Gamble Company common stock
The Proctor & Gamble Company common share listed in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
Wells Fargo & Company common share listed in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
common, enhanced voting, restricted, fully-paid, registered share
common share that confers multiple votes per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is fully paid and is registered
common, enhanced voting, restricted, nil paid, registered share
common share that confers multiple votes per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is nil paid and is registered
common, enhanced voting, restricted, partly paid, registered share
common share that confers multiple votes per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is partially paid and is registered
common, enhanced voting, unrestricted, fully-paid, registered share
common share that confers multiple votes per share, is not restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is fully paid and is registered
common, enhanced voting, unrestricted, nil paid, registered share
common share that confers multiple votes per share, is not restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is nil paid and is registered
common, enhanced voting, unrestricted, partly paid, registered share
common share that confers multiple votes per share, is not restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is partially paid and is registered
common, non-voting, restricted, fully-paid, registered share
common share that confers exactly 0 votes per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is fully paid and is registered
common, non-voting, restricted, nil paid, registered share
common share that confers exactly 0 votes per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is nil paid and is registered
common, non-voting, restricted, partly paid, registered share
common share that confers exactly 0 votes per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is partially paid and is registered
common, non-voting, unrestricted, fully-paid, registered share
common share that confers exactly 0 votes per share, is unrestricted from a sales perspective, is fully paid and is registered
common, non-voting, unrestricted, nil paid, registered share
common share that confers exactly 0 votes per share, is unrestricted from a sales perspective, is nil paid and is registered
common, non-voting, unrestricted, partly paid, registered share
common share that confers exactly 0 votes per share, is unrestricted from a sales perspective, is partially paid and is registered
common, restricted voting, restricted, fully-paid, registered share
common share that confers less than one vote per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is fully paid and is registered
common, restricted voting, restricted, nil paid, registered share
common share that confers less than one vote per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is nil paid and is registered
common, restricted voting, restricted, partly paid, registered share
common share that confers less than one vote per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is partially paid and is registered
common, restricted voting, unrestricted, fully-paid, registered share
common share that confers less than one vote per share, is unrestricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is fully paid and is registered
common, restricted voting, unrestricted, nil paid, registered share
common share that confers less than one vote per share, is unrestricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is nil paid and is registered
common, restricted voting, unrestricted, partly paid, registered share
common share that confers less than one vote per share, is unrestricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is partially paid and is registered
common, voting, restricted, fully-paid, registered share
common share that confers exactly one vote per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is fully paid and is registered
common, voting, restricted, nil paid, registered share
common share that confers exactly one vote per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is nil paid and is registered
common, voting, restricted, partly paid, registered share
common share that confers exactly one vote per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is partially paid and is registered
common, voting, unrestricted, fully-paid, registered share
common share that confers exactly one vote per share, is unrestricted from a sales perspective, is fully paid and is registered
common, voting, unrestricted, nil paid, registered share
common share that confers exactly one vote per share, is unrestricted from a sales perspective, is nil paid and is registered
common, voting, unrestricted, partly paid, registered share
common share that confers exactly one vote per share, is unrestricted from a sales perspective, is partially paid and is registered
ESETFR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, enhanced voting, restricted transfer, fully-paid, registered share
ESETOR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, enhanced voting, restricted transfer, nil paid, registered share
ESETPR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, enhanced voting, restricted transfer, partly paid, registered share
ESEUFR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, enhanced voting, unrestricted transfer, fully-paid, registered share
ESEUOR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, enhanced voting, unrestricted transfer, nil paid, registered share
ESEUPR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, enhanced voting, unrestricted transfer, partially paid, registered share
ESNTFR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, non-voting, restricted transfer, fully-paid, registered share
ESNTOR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, non-voting, restricted transfer, nil paid, registered share
ESNTPR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, non-voting, restricted transfer, partially paid, registered share
ESNUFR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, non-voting, unrestricted transfer, fully-paid, registered share
ESNUOR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, non-voting, unrestricted transfer, nil paid, registered share
ESNUPR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, non-voting, unrestricted transfer, partially paid, registered share
ESRTFR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, restricted voting, restricted transfer, fully-paid, registered share
ESRTOR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, restricted voting, restricted transfer, nil paid, registered share
ESRTPR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, restricted voting, restricted transfer, partly paid, registered share
ESRUFR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, restricted voting, unrestricted transfer, fully-paid, registered share
ESRUOR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, restricted voting, unrestricted transfer, nil paid, registered share
ESRUPR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, restricted voting, unrestricted transfer, partly paid, registered share
ESVTFR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, voting, restricted transfer, fully-paid, registered share
ESVTOR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, voting, restricted transfer, nil paid, registered share
ESVTPR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, voting, restricted transfer, partly paid, registered share
ESVUFR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, voting, unrestricted transfer, fully-paid, registered share
ESVUOR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, voting, unrestricted transfer, nil paid, registered share
ESVUPR CFI common/ordinary share classifier
CFI code for a common, voting, unrestricted transfer, partly paid, registered share
preferred, enhanced voting, exchangeable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, exchangeable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, exchangeable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, exchangeable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, exchangeable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, exchangeable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, exchangeable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, extendable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, extendable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, extendable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, extendable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, extendable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, extendable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, perpetual, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, perpetual, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, perpetual, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, perpetual, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, perpetual, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, perpetual, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, perpetual, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable exchangeable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable exchangeable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable exchangeable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable exchangeable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable exchangeable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable exchangeable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable exchangeable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable extendable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable extendable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable extendable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable extendable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable extendable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable extendable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, exchangeable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, exchangeable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, exchangeable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, exchangeable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, exchangeable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, exchangeable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, exchangeable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, extendable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, extendable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, extendable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, extendable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, extendable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, extendable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, perpetual, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, perpetual, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, perpetual, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, perpetual, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, perpetual, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, perpetual, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, perpetual, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable exchangeable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred, non-voting, redeemable exchangeable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred, non-voting, redeemable exchangeable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable exchangeable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable exchangeable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable exchangeable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable exchangeable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable extendable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable extendable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable extendable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable extendable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable extendable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable extendable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, non-voting, redeemable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, exchangeable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, exchangeable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, exchangeable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, exchangeable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, exchangeable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, exchangeable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, exchangeable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, extendable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, extendable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, extendable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, extendable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, extendable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, extendable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, perpetual, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, perpetual, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, perpetual, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, perpetual, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, perpetual, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, perpetual, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, perpetual, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable exchangeable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable exchangeable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable exchangeable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable exchangeable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable exchangeable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable exchangeable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable exchangeable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable extendable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable extendable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable extendable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable extendable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable extendable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable extendable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, restricted voting, redeemable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, voting, exchangeable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, voting, exchangeable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, voting, exchangeable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, voting, exchangeable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, voting, exchangeable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, voting, exchangeable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, voting, exchangeable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, voting, extendable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, voting, extendable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, voting, extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, voting, extendable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, voting, extendable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, voting, extendable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, voting, extendable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, voting, perpetual, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, voting, perpetual, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, voting, perpetual, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, voting, perpetual, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, voting, perpetual, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, voting, perpetual, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, voting, perpetual, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable exchangeable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred, voting, redeemable exchangeable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred, voting, redeemable exchangeable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable exchangeable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable exchangeable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable exchangeable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable exchangeable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable extendable, adjustable income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable extendable, auction rate income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable extendable, cumulative, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable extendable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable extendable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable extendable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable, fixed income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable, normal income, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
preferred, voting, redeemable, participating, registered share
preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
The value of the dividend from the preferred share is set by a predetermined formula to move with rates, and because of this flexibility preferred prices are often more stable then fixed-rate preferred stocks.
preferred share dividend whose rate is periodically reset through an auction, typically every 7, 14, 28, or 35 days
common share
share that signifies a unit of ownership in a corporation and represents a claim on part of the corporation's assets and earnings
In the event that the corporation is liquidated, claims of secured and unsecured creditors and owners of bonds and preferred shares take precedence over claims of common share holders.
ordinary share
common share that is convertible into another security
preferred share that includes an option for the holder to convert the shares into a fixed number of common shares after a predetermined date
Most convertible preferred stock is exchanged at the request of the shareholder, but sometimes there is a provision that allows the company, or issuer, to force conversion. The value of a convertible preferred stock is ultimately based on the performance of the common stock.
preferred share whose dividends, if not paid on time, accumulate until paid out
These dividends have precedence over ordinary dividends which cannot be paid until any cumulative dividend obligations have been paid. Dividends are typically deferred due to insufficient earnings or other business reasons.
financial institution that holds customers' securities for safekeeping
The custodian may hold stocks or other assets in electronic or physical form for mutual funds, individuals, and organizational clients.
distribution method involving payment of cash to the shareholder
distribution method involving automatic reinvestment of shareholders' dividends in additional, potentially fractional, shares in the same asset
announced commitment to make a specific distribution of a portion of earnings to shareholders, prorated by class of security
The amount and timing of payment is set by the board of directors, typically quarterly. Dividends may be paid in the form of money, shares, scrip, or on rare occasion, property.
convention by which dividends are provided to shareholders
Distribution may be by payment of a monetary amount or by reinvestment, as specified by the board of directors at the time a decision to issue a dividend is made.
payment schedule indicating the dates on which dividends are due to be paid
enhanced voting share
share that confers more than one vote per share
conversion terms specifying the details regarding conversion of shares into other securities
equity position
position in an equity instrument
equity redemption provision
redemption provision that specifies the conditions under which the issuer or shareholder may redeem the shares
equity redemption provision with extendable redemption date
equity redemption provision that allows modification of the redemption date beyond the original specified date
preferred share that may be exchanged for a security of another issuer
preferred share whose redemption date can be extended at the issuer or holder option
An extendable preferred share may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption (meturity) date.
dividend that provides a specified annual return on the nominal value (and any premium) paid on shares
In other words, the return is not variable depending on whether or not the company makes a profit. Annual dividends are calculated as a percentage of the par value, which is the price of the preferred stock at the time it was issued. Most preferred shares have fixed rate dividends.
fully paid share
share whose payment status indicates that no additional money is owed to the company by shareholders on the value of the shares
status indicating that no additional money is owed to the company by shareholders on the value of the shares
retractable preferred share whose retraction value must be paid in cash
limited partnership unit
share in a form of partnership similar to a general partnership, except that in addition to one or more general partners (GPs), there are one or more limited partners (LPs)
Like shareholders in a corporation, the LPs have limited liability, i.e., they are only liable on debts incurred by the firm to the extent of their registered investment and they have no management authority. The GPs pay the LPs the equivalent of a dividend on their investment, the nature and extent of which is usually defined in the partnership agreement.
listed share
share that is listed on at least one platform
Listing requirements vary by exchange and include minimum stockholder's equity, a minimum share price and a minimum number of shareholders. Exchanges have listing requirements to ensure that only high quality securities are traded on them and to uphold the exchange's reputation among investors.
nil paid share
share whose payment status indicates that none of the market value has been received by the company for the shares
status indicating that none of the market value has been received by the company for the shares
Unpaid shares may be issued, for example, for convenience by a start-up company.
preferred share whose dividend payments are not carried forward
preferred share that is not a participating preferred share
non-voting share
share that has no voting right
dividend that is paid to shareholders periodically
Most dividends are considered ordinary, unless they are specifically designated as qualified dividends.
Note that the terms related to ordinary dividend payment are typically specified in the context of a board resolution rather than contractually.
partially paid share
share whose payment status indicates that only a portion of the market value has been received by the company for the shares
status indicating that only a portion of the market value has been received by the company for the shares
In the case of partially paid shares, the shareholder is still required to pay the remaining amount to the company. Typically, partially paid shares are only issued to a shareholder if there are compelling business reasons to do so.
preferred share that, in addition to paying a stipulated dividend, gives the holder the right to participate with common share holders in additional distributions of earnings under specified conditions
Participating preferred shares are rare, typically only issued when needed to attract investors.
preferred share that has no fixed maturity date
right that give the shareholder higher priority with respect to certain pre-defined dividend payments over other shareholders and that pay out first in the case of liquidation
commitment to distribute a portion of earnings to shareholders, similar to a dividend but often with a fixed payment amount and schedule
share that pays dividends at a specified rate and has preference over common shares in the payment of dividends and liquidation of corporate assets
preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
preferred share whose dividend rate varies according to some benchmark
preferred share with auction rate dividend
preferred share whose dividend rate is periodically reset through an auction, such as a Dutch auction
preferred share with fixed maturity date
preferred share whose maturity date is set, typically according to the terms of the prospectus
preferred share with fixed rate dividend
preferred share whose dividends are set, typically according to the terms of the prospectus
price for one share of a given security at some point in time
privately held share
share in a security that signifies ownership in an entity that is not publicly traded
Privately owned companies include family-owned businesses, sole proprietorships and the vast majority of small and medium-sized businesses. These companies are often too small for an initial public offering (IPO) due, for example to a small market capitalization and/or low trading volume, and fulfill their financing requirements in other ways, including through smaller offerings.
dividend that falls under capital gains tax rates that are lower than the income tax rates on unqualified (ordinary) dividends
preferred share that gives the issuer the right to redeem the stock under specified conditions
redeemable preferred share with extendable maturity date
redeemable preferred share with a fixed maturity date whose issuer has the option to extend the maturity date
redeemable preferred share with extendable redemption date
redeemable preferred share whose redemption date can be modified
restricted share
share whose ownership/transfer/sale is subject to special conditions including country-specific restrictions
restricted voting share
share that confers less than one vote per share
preferred share that gives the owner (shareholder) the right to redeem the stock under specified conditions
When retractable preferred shares reach maturity, the shareholder has the right to sell them back to the stock issuer at the price stated on the agreement. In some cases, the issuer can force the shareholder to sell, and may have the option of exchanging retractable preferred shares for common shares instead of cash.
retractable preferred share with extendable maturity date
retractable preferred share with a fixed maturity date whose issuer and/or holders have the option to extend the maturity date
retractable preferred share with extendable redemption date
retractable preferred share whose redemption date can be modified
share
financial instrument that signifies a unit of equity ownership in a corporation, or a unit of ownership in a mutual fund, or interest in a general or limited partnership, or a unit of ownership in a structured product, such as a real estate investment trust
issuer of securities that represent an ownership interest in something
This includes shares that represent equity ownership in a corporation, or ownership in a mutual fund, or an interest in a general or limited partnership, or ownership in a structured product, such as a real estate investment trust.
classifier that specifies the overall payment status for shares issued
When a company issues shares upon incorporation or through an initial or secondary issuance, shareholders are required to pay a set amount for those shares. Once the company has received the full amount from shareholders, the shares become fully paid shares.
share yield
ratio of the annualized dividend per share divided by the (current) price per share
dividend yield
dividend-price ratio
single voting share
share that has the right to exactly one vote
retractable preferred share whose retraction value may be paid in cash or in an equal value of common stock of the issuer, at the option of the issuer
dividend that is paid to shareholders on a one-time basis
Special dividends may be included in a dividend schedule as an ad-hoc entry, since they still need to be tracked based on the date of issuance.
unrestricted share
share whose ownership/transfer/sale is not subject to special conditions including country-specific restrictions
variable interest entity share
share that certifies ownership of a contractual right to a percentage of a company's profits
Unlike a traditional stock certificate, the VIE share provides a legal proprietary interest in a completely separate company's assets, sometimes referred to as a shell company. The contractual right certified by the VIE share is derived from a contract between (1) the company named on the VIE share and (2) the shell company. In other words, VIE shareholders only have a traditional stock certificate in the completely separate shell company, which is entitled to a percentage of the named company's profits via a private contract.
VIE share
contractual right that specifies shareholder voting entitlements, such as to elect directors, elect outside auditors, and vote on matters of corporate policy
Voting may involve decisions on issuing securities, initiating stock splits, and making substantial changes in the corporation's operations. Note that a given share may not have voting rights, in which case the number of votes per share would be zero.
number of votes per share
grants the right to vote on a per share basis to the shareholder
A given share may have zero, fractional, one, or more votes per share, depending on the contract.
grants ownership via contract
indicates a variable dividend rate, typically specified in the prospectus as a formula based on a benchmark or set at auction
has available shares
indicates the number of shares outstanding less those shares that are restricted, i.e., those that are available for trading
indicates the method by which dividend payments are to be distributed
relates a share to a dividend that applies to that share, or that the share may pay
indicates a date on which an organization states that a dividend payment may be anticipated, including the the dividend amount and the ex-dividend and payment dates
indicates a period of time after a dividend payment becomes due, before the issuer is subject to penalties
indicates a date on or after which a stock can be redeemed
indicates a date on which a stock 'goes ex-dividend', typically about three weeks before the dividend is paid to shareholders of record
Once the company sets the record date, the ex-dividend date is set based on stock exchange rules. If you purchase a stock on its ex-dividend date or after, you will not receive the next dividend payment.
Shares listed on the New York Stock Exchange go ex-dividend four business days prior to the record date.
indicates whether the issuer and/or holders of redeemable shares with a fixed maturity date have the option to extend the maturity date
indicates whether the issuer and/or holders of redeemable shares with a specified redemption date have the option to extend that date
indicates a pre-arranged fixed dividend rate, typically specified in the prospectus, for a preferred share
has floating stock
indicates the number of shares that are available for trading, i.e., the number of shares outstanding less closely held shares (those held by insiders) and restricted shares
A relatively small float results in higher volatility, as a large purchase or sell order will have significant influence on the value of the stock.
indicates the lowest market price above which a share may be redeemed
indicates the date on which the issuer checks to determine whether a party was on the company's books as a shareholder when required (i.e., they must have been on the books prior to the ex-dividend date), to identify who is eligible to receive the next dividend
Companies also use this date to determine who is sent proxy statements, financial reports, and other information.
indicates the premium price per share over the market price, if any, that must be paid in order to redeem the stock
has share class
indicates the class to which the share belongs, typically differentiated by privileges, such as voting rights
Classes of shares, including shares in a mutual fund, are designated by name or a character (letter), such as A, B, C, etc. In the case of a mutual fund, different classes of shares may incur different fees and expenses.
has share payment status
indicates the payment status for shares issued
has shares issued
indicates the actual number of shares held by shareholders (i.e., shares outstanding) and treasury shares
has shares outstanding
indicates the number of shares currently held by shareholders, including those held by retail investors, institutional investors and insiders, and typically available for trading
The number of outstanding shares is used in calculating key metrics such as a company's market capitalization, as well as its earnings per share (EPS) and cash flow per share (CFPS).
has treasury shares
indicates the number of shares issued but not outstanding, including those that were available in the market at one time but have been repurchased by the company
has voting restriction
specifies restrictions on voting rights, if any
Such restrictions may apply regardless of the number of votes per share.
indicates whether the issuer has the option of initiating the buy-back, similar to a call feature
indicates whether the shareholder has the option of initiating the buy-back, similar to a put feature
indicates that a given share (share class) has higher seniority than the related share, meaning that it gives the holder a higher claim on the assets of the issuer
indicates the date on which, or after which, conversion may occur
aligned community investment fund
Aligned Community Investment Fund, available at https://www.nc3now.org/uploads/1/4/0/1/140134350/acif_overview.pdf.
community investment fund that raises capital publicly from community members and deploys some of that capital via investments into its client businesses or other businesses in the community
ACIF
For example, an entrepreneurial support organization (ESO) that derives most of its income from providing consulting services to early stage businesses, can raise capital publicly from its community and deploy some of that capital via investments into its client businesses. These investments would comprise its ACIF.
closed-end investment
investment fund that has a fixed number of shares offered by an investment company through an initial public offering
closed-end fund
community investment fund
professionally-managed investment fund with three essential characteristics: capital is sourced from people in the community (ideally from retail/non-accredited investors); capital is invested into local people, projects, and businesses; and capital is deployed by individuals in the community, typically but not necessarily a nonprofit fund
CIF
Community Investment Fund Handbook and Toolkit, available at https://www.nc3now.org/community-investment-fund-handbook--toolkit.html.
A community investment fund is typically but not necessarily a nonprofit fund.
diversified community investment fund
Diversified Community Investment Fund, available at https://www.nc3now.org/uploads/1/4/0/1/140134350/dcif_overview.pdf.
community investment fund that invests primarily in real estate but can also invest in any local business or project, and can do so with investment capital raised publicly from within the fund's own community, including community investors
DCIF
A Diversified Community Investment Fund (DCIF) is a specialized community-scale investment vehicle structured to both support local development and comply with U.S. securities laws - particularly the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the 'ICA'). This type of fund must meet two requirements: (1) its primary business is investing in real estate, rather than securities (e.g., stock) issued by other companies; and (2) real estate and other non-securities assets must comprise at least 60% of the fund's assets. The DCIF structure is intentionally calibrated to circumvent classification as an investment company - which would trigger certain SEC registration and disclosure requirements. Under the ICA, if a fund is 'primarily engaged in ... investing ... in securities,' it must register as an investment company. By meeting the 60/40 real estate-to-business allocation, the DCIF qualifies instead as a real estate fund, avoiding that designation.
exchange-traded fund
investment fund whose fund units are traded on an exchange, much like stocks
ETF
ISO 10962:2019 Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth edition, October 2019
An ETF holds assets such as stocks, commodities, or bonds, and trades close to its net asset value over the course of the trading day. Most ETFs track an index, such as a stock, bond, or commodity index.
fund administrator
role of the party responsible for managing the operational, accounting, and compliance functions of an investment fund
A fund administrator performs administrative tasks on behalf of an investment fund, including net asset value (NAV) calculation, financial reporting, investor servicing, and regulatory compliance. The role supports operational efficiency and transparency, enabling fund managers to focus on investment strategy.
fund contract
contract that embodies and defines the fund legal form in cases where there is no independent organization
party that owns units in or a percentage of and has rights and responsibilities with respect to some fund, provided in exchange for investment
Note that in some cases the concept of 'fund holder' may be synonymous with shareholder, but not all.
ownership interest in a fund, which may represented by fund units that confer financial rights and governance privileges
fund manager
role of the party responsible for making investment decisions and managing the portfolio of an investment fund
A fund manager is an individual or entity that oversees the investment strategy and asset allocation of a fund, with the objective of achieving financial returns in accordance with the fund's mandate. The fund manager may operate under regulatory oversight and fiduciary obligations, and may be supported by analysts, traders, and compliance officers.
A fund manager, often a mutual fund company, a brokerage firm, an investment adviser, or an insurance company, handles all of the transactions and investments within the plan.
plan manager
program manager
fund of funds
investment fund that invests directly in other investment funds rather than investing in stocks, bonds, and other securities
umbrella fund
fund position
position in some fund, which may be defined in terms of fund units
quantified share of beneficial interest in a pooled fund, representing a proportional claim on the fund's assets, income, or entitlements
A fund unit may be tradable or non-tradable depending on the legal form, regulatory status, and operational framework of the fund.
Fund units are allocated to a participant, investor, or beneficiary according to the fund's governing structure.
hedge fund
investment fund that pursues a total return and is usually open to qualified investors only
legal fund structure
structure of a fund with respect to its legal formation in some jurisdiction
mutual fund
open-end professionally managed investment fund established for the purpose of investing in securities such as stocks, bonds, money market instruments and similar assets
standard (vanilla) investment fund
non-tradable fund unit
security representing an interest in a fund that cannot be traded ontside of the fund itself
Non-tradable fund units are commonly found in pension funds, insurance pools, or internal benefit plans, where units serve as accounting or entitlement mechanisms without market transferability.
nonprofit fund
investment vehicle designed to support a nonprofit mission, whose objectives include environmental stewardship and/or social responsibility in addition to financial performance
Common examples include endowment funds (permanently invested, only earnings are spent), operating funds (used for day-to-day expenses), and special project funds (earmarked for particular initiatives).
A nonprofit fund is a pool of financial resources that is established and managed by a nonprofit organization to support its mission and activities, organized for charitable, educational, religious, cultural, or other purposes recognized as serving the public good. Some nonprofit funds are restricted by donors for a specific use (such as an endowment for scholarships), while others are unrestricted and can be used at the nonprofit's discretion.
open-end investment
investment fund that offered through a fund company that sells shares directly to investors
open-end fund
pension fund
investment fund run by a financial intermediary on behalf of an organization and its employees/members
A pension fund is a common asset pool meant to generate stable growth over a long-term investment horizon.
private credit fund
investment vehicle that provides loans or other forms of credit to companies, typically outside of the traditional banking system
These funds are managed by asset managers, private equity firms or specialized lenders (both nonprofit and for-profit) and cater to institutional investors, high-net-worth individuals, family offices, and, in some cases, retail investors. The kinds of loans they provide include senior secured loans, mezzanine debt, unitranche loans, and special situations financing through direct lending to companies. These funds are typically illiquid, with long investment horizons (5–10 years). They generally provide higher returns than traditional fixed-income instruments, but with greater risk due to borrower default potential. Nonprofit funds may provide lower returns because of the mission to provide affordable funding to disadvantaged borrowers. Key features of private credit funds include: - Loans are held on the fund's balance sheet - Returns come primarily from interest income and potential capital appreciation - Often involve direct negotiations and customized loan terms.
private equity fund
investment fund used for making investments in various equity (and to a lesser extent debt) securities according to an investment strategy associated with private equity
PE fund
Private equity funds are typically structured as limited partnerships or limited liability companies, wherein investors are limited partners, and the fund is managed by one or more general partners. It is composed of investors and funds that invest directly in private companies, or that engage in buyouts of public companies, resulting in the delisting of the public equity.
real estate investment trust
investment fund that offers shares/units to the public and invests in real estate directly
REIT
Real estate investment trusts own, and in most cases operate, income-producing real estate. REITs own many types of commercial real estate, ranging from office and apartment buildings to warehouses, hospitals, shopping centers, hotels and commercial forests. Some REITs engage in financing real estate.
sovereign wealth fund
state-owned investment fund that consists of pools of money derived from a country's reserves
Sovereign wealth funds include the International Monetary Fund, whose corresponding legal entity is a polity.
social wealth fund
sovereign investment fund
tradable fund unit
security representing a tradable interest in a fund
Tradable fund units typically occur in collective investment schemes such as mutual funds or exchange-traded funds (ETFs), where units are bought and sold on regulated markets.
unit trust
pooled investment vehicle in which investors hold units that represent beneficial ownership in a trust-managed portfolio of assets
A unit trust is established under a trust deed, with a trustee holding legal title to the assets and a fund manager making investment decisions. They are common in the UK, Australia, Singapore, and other Commonwealth countries.
unitized fund
pooled investment vehicle in which investors hold units that represent a proportional share of the fund's underlying assets, typically used in pensions or insurance-based products
Examples include authorized unit trusts (AUTs), investment companies with variable capital (ICVCs), and insurance-linked unitized funds.
The concept of a 'unitized fund' comes up in the context of the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA)'s framework for collective investment schemes (CIS) in the United Kingdom, particularly in the context of authorized unit trusts (AUTs) and insurance-based investments.
The differentiator with respect to a unitized fund is that investors hold units, rather than a direct shareholding or segregated account.
has legal structure
indicates the legal form that the fund takes
has sub-fund
relates a pooled fund to a sub-fund that is a constituent of the parent fund
is open ended
indicates whether the fund is an open-end/closed-end fund
is private
indicates that the fund does not offer its securities to the general public
In the U.S., private funds are exempt from certain regulations under the Investment Company Act of 1940. Common types include venture capital funds, private equity funds, and some hedge funds. They often target illiquid assets or use aggressive strategies, offering flexibility compared to public funds.
is sub-fund of
relates a pooled fund to a parent fund
For example, certain equities derivatives have an underlying basket which is a basket of more than one index, not a basket of securities.
single constituent of a basket of indices
basket composed of securities, typically of a particular asset class such as equities or bonds
basket that has a mix of constituents, including securities and indices
security identified as a component of a basket of securities
additional subordinated debt instruments that can absorb losses
Additional Tier 1 (AT1) capital provides an additional conservation buffer of a specified percentage.
European Union wide securities designation, defined by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS), that classifies securities based on the quality of capital underlying the instrument
Basel III is an international regulatory accord designed to improve the regulation, supervision, and risk management of the banking sector. It was developed in response to the global financial crisis of 2007-2008. A consortium of central banks from 28 countries devised Basel III in 2009, mainly to ensure major banks could survive another upheaval. The regulations include minimum capital, leverage, and liquidity requirements.
Per Basel III, Tier 1 capital, or core capital, equity shares and retained earnings, is preferred. Tier 2 capital, or supplementary capital, is also usable. Possible values include Tier 1, Additional Tier 1, Tier 2, Not Subject to Regulations, and Not Provided.
core capital held in an institution's reserves, used to fund business activities for clients
CET1 capital is the highest quality capital and consists primarily of common shares and retained earnings.
Positive components of tier 1 regulatory capital are common shareholders' funds, i.e. common stock and disclosed reserves or retained earnings, are the key element of capital. Common shareholders' funds allow a bank to absorb losses on an ongoing basis and are permanently available for this purpose. Further, this element of capital best allows banks to conserve resources when they are under stress because it provides a bank with full discretion as to the amount and timing of distributions. Consequently, common shareholders' funds are the basis on which most market judgements of capital adequacy are made. The voting rights attached to common stock also provide an important source of market discipline over a bank's management. For these reasons, voting common shareholders' equity and the disclosed reserves or retained earnings that accrue to the shareholders' benefit should be the predominant form of a bank's Tier 1 capital. Potential regulatory adjustments (e.g., fees, commissions, valuation adjustments) are defined in paragraphs 66-90 of the Basel III rules text.
securities regulation on short selling and certain aspects of credit default swaps
In the European Union, short selling regulations are primarily governed by the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) under the EU Short Selling Regulation (SSR), which was implemented in 2012. The key aspects of short selling restrictions in the EU include: (1) Temporary Short Selling Bans: ESMA or national competent authorities (NCAs) can impose temporary short selling bans on specific stocks or all stocks in response to significant market declines or to prevent disorderly markets. These bans can last up to three months but can be renewed if necessary. (2) Restrictions During Market Stress: Similar to the SEC's alternative uptick rule, the EU SSR allows for restrictions when a significant price drop occurs. If a stock drops by 10% or more within a single day, NCAs can impose a temporary short selling ban on that stock for the remainder of the day. (3) Notification and Disclosure: Market participants are required to notify NCAs if their net short positions in a company reach or exceed 0.2% of the company's issued share capital. Additional disclosures are required at each 0.1% increment above the initial threshold. (4) Prohibition of Naked Short Selling: The regulation prohibits naked short selling, requiring that short sellers must have either borrowed the securities or have an arrangement in place to borrow them before the sale is executed. These regulations are designed to enhance market transparency, reduce risks associated with short selling, and prevent market abuse during periods of significant market stress. Specific details and updates can be found on the ESMA website or through the relevant NCA for each EU member state.
Regulation (EU) No 236/2012, also known as the Short Selling Regulation, was adopted by the European Parliament and the Council on March 14, 2012. The EU Regulation on Short Selling and certain aspects of credit default swaps (SSR) aims to increase the transparency of short positions held by investors in certain EU securities, to reduce settlement risks and other risks linked with naked short selling, and to ensure that Member States have clear powers to intervene in exceptional situations to reduce systemic risks and risks to financial stability and market confidence.
MiFID regulated security
security for which MiFID reporting is required
A MiFID requlated security is one that is traded on a MiFID regulated market and for which certain additional reporting requirements apply. Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID), which is a European regulation, issued by the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA), that aims to increase transparency across the European Union's financial markets and standardize regulatory disclosures required for firms operating within the EU.
bank's equity capital and disclosed reserves, used to measure the bank's capital adequacy, consisting of common equity capital (CET1) and additional capital instruments (AT1)
supplementary loss-absorbing capital capacity that is considered less secure than Tier 1 capital
has upper limit on floating shares
indicates the upper limit on the number of free float shares to be reported, if applicable
indicates whether reporting on the security is required by the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID)
This indicator specifies whether the security is eligible for trade reporting within the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID) zone.
state-level securities regulation, designed to protect investors against securities fraud that require issuers to be registered and to disclose details of their offerings
This allows investors to base their judgments on trustworthy data.
Blue sky law is modeled as a class, rather than as a named individual, because there are numerous state-specific laws that qualify as blue sky laws that could be added to support state-specific definitions and other analyses.
securities regulation defining an exemption through which corporations do not have to register their securities and usually do not have to file reports with the SEC
Regulation D is defined in the US Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 17, Chapter II, Part 230, clauses 501-508. See https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-17/chapter-II/part-230?toc=1 for the actual text of the regulation.
Issuers must file what's known as a 'Form D' after they first sell their securities if they qualify for registration under Regulation D.
securities regulation defining an exemption through which corporations can issue unregistered securities to qualified foreign investors and foreign institutions
Regulation S is defined in the US Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 17, Chapter II, Part 230, clauses 901-905. See https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-17/chapter-II/part-230?toc=1 for the actual text of the regulation.
Regulation S covers rules governing offers and sales made outside the United States without registration under the Securities Act of 1933. Created in 1990, this regulation was intended to encourage foreign investors to purchase American stocks in order to increase the liquidity of American markets.
securities regulation that allows investors to resell privately placed securities to qualified institutional buyers (QIBs) under certain conditions
Rule 144A is defined in the US Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 17, Chapter II, Part 230, clause 144A - Private resales of securities to institutions. See https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-17/chapter-II/part-230?toc=1 for the actual text of the regulation.
QIBs are institutional investors with at least $100 million invested in securities. Rule 144A provides an exemption from SEC registration for these resales.
Rule 144 section A is a Securities & Exchange Commission rule that establishes specific criteria for determining whether a person is not engaged in a distribution and creates a safe harbor from the Section 2(a)(11) definition of 'underwriter'. It modifies holding period requirements on privately placed securities to permit qualified institutional buyers to trade these positions among themselves.
securities regulation that is a provision under the Investment Company Act of 1940 that allows certain privately offered funds to operate without registering with the SEC
Funds that meet the requirements of exemption 3(c)(7) are not required to register with the SEC or provide ongoing disclosure. They are also exempt from issuing a prospectus that would outline investment positions. To qualify for the exemption, a private investment company must demonstrate that it has no plans of making an initial public offering (IPO), and its investors must be qualified purchasers. Qualified purchasers include individuals or family-owned businesses with at least $5 million in investments, trusts managed by qualified purchasers, and entities solely owned by qualified purchasers.
securities regulation that applies to broker-dealers registered under section 15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78o(b)), or that are security-based swap dealers or major security-based swap participants under section 15F(b) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 78o-10(b)), requiring them to maintain reserve accounts to protect customer funds, segregate customer securities in custody accounts, and if a security sold long has not been delivered within 10 business days after the settlement date, requires them to either buy the customer in, or apply for and receive an extension from its designated examining authority
securities regulation that is part of Regulation SHO that is a circuit breaker limiting short sales to prevent them from causing a security's price to drop further after a significant decline
On February 26, 2010, the Commission adopted Rule 201 of Regulation SHO. Rule 201 restricts the price at which short sales may be effected when a stock has experienced significant downward price pressure. Rule 201 became effective on May 10, 2010. (Securities Exchange Act Release No. 61595 (Feb. 26, 2010), 75 FR 11232 (Mar. 10, 2010) ('Rule 201 Adopting Release')). Compliance with the new rule is required as of February 28, 2011. (Securities Exchange Act Release No. 63247 (Nov. 4, 2010), 75 FR 68702 (Nov. 9, 2010)).
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) short sale alternative uptick rule (Rule 201) requires the establishment of a short sale-related circuit breaker in the event a security's price decreases by ten percent or more from the previous day's closing price. Once activated, the short sale restriction will remain in effect for the remainder of the day as well as the following day. Values are A - 'Flag in Effect/Activated', C - 'Flag Continued' and N - 'Flag Not in Effect'. If not given the default is 'N - Flag Not in Effect'. When a stock is triggered, traders can only execute short sales of the stock above the National Best Bid (NBB) price.
securities regulation that is a U.S. Treasury Regulation section 1.163-5(c)(2)(i)(C), or any successor regulation, established under the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 (TEFRA), that relates to the classification of debt obligations as either 'bearer' or 'registered' for U.S. tax purposes and ensures that an issue of bearer debt satisfied 'reasonable arrangement' requirements
TEFRA C is used only if all parties are comfortable that there is no intention to place any of the securities in the U.S. and that it is unlikely that there will be any interest in the U.S. in such securities.
securities regulation that is a U.S. Treasury Regulation section 1.163-5(c)(2)(i)(D), or any successor regulation, established under the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 (TEFRA), that relates to the classification of debt obligations as either 'bearer' or 'registered' for U.S. tax purposes, applies to most straightforward issues of bearer debt in the Euromarkets, and ensures that an issue of bearer debt satisfied 'reasonable arrangement' requirements
TEFRA D provides for a restricted period of 40 days from the closing date of the issue and requires that certification of non-U.S. beneficial ownership be obtained before definitive securities can be issued or interest paid to security holders.
is Employee Retirement Income Security Act conformant
indicates whether the security conforms to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) of 1974, a federal outline for regulating employee benefit plans, including healthcare plans sponsored and/or insured by an employer
U.S. Code Title 29, Chapter 18, Subchapter I, Section 1002 provides definitions related to employee benefit plans. Specifically, this section outlines the terms used in ERISA, including definitions for various types of plans such as employee welfare benefit plans, employee pension benefit plans, and others. See https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/1002.
The Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) is a federal law that establishes standards for certain employer-sponsored retirement and health plans. It has undergone several changes since its initial enactment in 1974. ERISA aims to protect individuals participating in these plans by prohibiting fiduciaries from misusing funds and setting standards for participation, benefit accrual, vesting, and funding of retirement plans
is Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured
indicates whether the security is covered by Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insurance
FDIC coverage extends to Certificates of Deposit (CDs) and Money Market Accounts (MMAs) held at FDIC-insured institutions up to $250,000 per account.
Note that this property applies to the account rather than to the associated instrument that, if it exists, exemplifies the account.
is subject to Federal Reserve Board Regulation T
indicates whether a given cash or margin account is subject to Federal Reserve Board (FRB) margin requirements
Federal Reserve Board (FRB) Regulation T governs the extension of credit by securities brokers and dealers in the United States. Its best-known function is the control of margin requirements for stocks bought on margin. Regulation T gives an investor a maximum of four business days to pay for securities purchased in a cash or margin account. If payment due exceeds $1,000 and is not received by the end of this time period, the broker-dealer must either liquidate the position or apply for and receive an extensionfrom its designated examining authority, such as FINRA.
Note that this property applies to the account, which may be a ledger account.
business recurrence interval convention that is a published rule for defining the date of some auction event
calculated date that is determined via a settlement rule
calculated date that is determined via a trading rule
calculated date associated with a floating-rate note, also known as a floater or FRN, which is a debt instrument with a variable interest rate
business day adjustment rule applied to floating-rate note instruments
International Money Market (IMM) Australian Dollar (AUD) trading date rule
trading date rule defined as the last trading day of an Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) 90-Day Bank Accepted Futures and Options product, one Sydney business day preceding the second Friday of the relevant settlement month
International Money Market (IMM) Canadian Dollar (CAD) trading date rule
trading date rule defined as the last trading day / expiration day of the Canadian Derivatives Exchange (Bourse do Montreal Inc.), three month Bankers' Acceptance Futures (Ticker symbol BAX), the second London banking day prior to the third Wednesday of the contract month
If the determined day is a bourse or bank holiday in Toronto or Montreal, the last trading day shall be the previous bank business day, per the Canadian Derivatives Exchange BAX contract specification. The above description implies a Date Roll Rule which is presumably referenced by referring to this rule, so that when this rule is referenced, there would be no Date Roll Rule defined in the FpML message. Semantically, this is still a Date Roll Rule, specifically a "Roll forward" rule with no modification (the third Wednesday of a month will never roll forward to a day in the following month so no Modified rule is required).
International Money Market (IMM) New Zealand Dollar (NZD) trading date rule
trading date rule defined as the last trading day of an Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) New Zealand (NZ) 90-Day Bank Accepted Futures and Options product, the first Wednesday after the ninth day of the relevant settlement month
International Money Market (IMM) settlement date rule
settlement date rule as defined in the International Money Market (IMM) settlement dates calendar
The International Money Market (IMM) is a division of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) that deals with the trading of currency and interest rate futures and options.
the end date of a specific calculation period
Note that this is not necessarily the same as the day before the next period's start date. Calculation schedules specify periods of time, with a start and an end as well as a duration, with the end date being determined by some convention or published list of dates. FpML for CalculationPeriod 'A type defining the parameters used in the calculation of a fixed or floating rate calculation period amount. This type forms part of cashflows representation of a swap stream.'
scheduled calculation period start event
the start of a specific calculation period
FpML for CalculationPeriod 'A type defining the parameters used in the calculation of a fixed or floating rate calculation period amount. This type forms part of cashflows representation of a swap stream.'
convention for determining settlement dates by reference to some jurisdiction or as set by a given exchange or similar venue
convention for determining trading dates defined with reference to some trading date calendar published by some trading facility or exchange
Corresponds to several ISDA FpML enumeration entries for determining Calculation Date, but refers to other kinds of trading date defined in those calendars. These include Canadian, Australian and New Zealand dates. Note also that some of these have roll rules included within them for when the date determined by the specification returns a non working day, while others explicitly return a business day and require no date roll rule. At least one is silent on this matter.
rule for setting auction dates for US Treasury bills
To finance the public debt, the U.S. Treasury sells bills, notes, bonds, Floating Rate Notes (FRNs), and Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS) to institutional and individual investors through public auctions. Treasury auctions occur regularly and have a set schedule. Rules and other information are available via announcements of pending auctions.
auction date for US 13 week and 26 week Treasury bills
Per FpML notes/definition, this is every Monday except on New York holidays when it will be on a Tuesday.
collective investment vehicle
assets pooled by investors whose share capital remains separate from the assets of the vehicle
A fund is an entity created to pool money from multiple investors - often referred to as limited partners. Each investor makes an investment in the fund by purchasing an interest in the fund entity, and the adviser uses that money to make investments on behalf of the fund.
Collective investment vehicles are typically organized and operated by management companies, banks, or trust companies. Shares or units are issued in the form of unit trusts, mutual funds, or other similar contracts. Common kinds of funds include pension funds, insurance funds, foundations, and endowments. Such pools are often invested and professionally managed, including investment pools, umbrella pools, share class pools, etc.
pool consisting of debt instruments, such as bonds, loans or mortgages
collection of managed investments that are all managed by a single investment institution
pool consisting of financial instruments that may be included in the same investment vehicle
financial asset in the form of an instrument pool
investment pool that is controlled by a professional investment manager who invests the pool in various financial instruments and assets that align with their investment objectives and is overseen by a board of directors
A managed investment is an investment vehicle that consists of a pool of funds collected from many different investors run by a management company.
investment fund
combination of resources for a common purpose or benefit
A pool may consist of almost anything brought together for some purpose. It differs from a less formal collection in that there are typically facts defined about the members of the pool and potentially regarding the proportions of those members in the pool. Pool membership may change over time, and certain facts about the pool may also vary over time. However, the basic nature of something as a member of the pool is static while that membership holds.
pool of funds that a group of investors combines for common benefit
An investment club pools the funds of its members, giving them the opportunity to share in a portfolio offering greater diversification and the hope of a better return on their money than they could get individually.
A fund can be established for any purpose, such as a municipality setting aside money for a construction project, monies designated to endow a university chair or for scholarships, or funds set aside by insurance companies to settle claims.
The US Securities and Exchange Commission describes a fund as an entity created to pool money from multiple investors.
fund
managed investment that cannot offer securities to the public
Private funds are not required to be registered or regulated as investment companies under the U.S. federal securities laws. They raise capital from investors through exempt offerings, which means the offering must fall within an exemption from registration under the Securities Act of 1933.
pool of securities organized for the purpose of issuing notes against those securities
financial instrument classifier for a group of securities that exhibit similar characteristics, behave similarly in the marketplace and are subject to the same laws and regulations
Asset class means the broad category of goods, services or commodities, including any 'excluded commodity' as defined in CEA section 1a(19), with common characteristics underlying a swap. The asset classes include credit, equity, foreign exchange (excluding cross-currency), interest rate (including cross-currency), other commodity, and such other asset classes as may be determined by the Commission.
The three main asset classes are equities, or stocks; fixed income, or bonds; and cash equivalents, or money market instruments. Some investment professionals add real estate and commodities, and possibly other types of investments, to the asset class mix.
classification of financial instruments code scheme
classification scheme for set of codes for financial instruments that can be used globally for straight-through processing by all involved participants in an electronic data processing environment
The ISO 10962 Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code was developed as a solution to a number of challenges. One is to establish a series of codes which clearly classify financial instruments having similar features. The other is to develop a glossary of terms and provide common definitions which allow market participants to easily understand terminology being used.
financial instrument classification code
classifier and code for a financial instrument defined in the ISO 10962 Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI) Code Scheme
financial instrument classification scheme
classification scheme defining a set of classifiers for financial instruments
the ISO 10962 Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI) classification scheme
classifier for a financial instrument based on its type and features
Examples include equity instrument, debt instrument, option, future, etc. per the the ISO 10962 CFI (Classification of Financial Instruments) standard, as cash instruments or derivative instruments per the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) accounting standards, and so forth.
Global Industry Classification Standards classifier
four-tiered standardized classification or delineation for an organization based on the principal business activity of the organization
Global Industry Classification Standards scheme
classification scheme that is a hierarchical four-level system classifying companies based on the principal business activity of the organization
The four tiers are: Sectors, Industry Groups, Industries and Sub-Industries. All definitions are standardized and applied to companies globally. Each company is assigned a single GICS classification in each of the four tiers, according to its principal business activity. Revenue is a key factor in determining a firm's principal business activity. MSCI and S&P Dow Jones Indices developed this classification standard to provide investors with consistent and exhaustive industry definitions.
Fourth Edition, 2019-10 version of the ISO 10962 Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI) Code scheme
industry classification benchmark classifier
standardized classification or delineation for an organization based on their main source of revenue
Industry Classification Benchmark scheme
classification scheme that is a hierarchical four-level system classifying companies based on their main source of revenue
It is operated and managed by FTSE Russell, a subsidiary of London Stock Exchange Group (LSEG). It is currently one of the major classification systems for securities. This system has been in use since its release in 2005. It is globally recognized and used by some of the biggest financial institutions, such as: London Stock Exchange, NYSE Euronext and NASDAQ.
financial instrument identification scheme
formal definition of the structure and application of a particular set of financial instrument identifiers
international securities identification number
security identifier that is defined as specified in ISO 6166, Securities and related financial instruments -- International securities identification numbering system (ISIN)
ISINs consist of two alphabetic characters, which are the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code for the issuing country, nine alpha-numeric characters (the National Securities Identifying Number, or NSIN, which identifies the security, padded as necessary with leading zeros), and one numerical check digit. The ISIN is specified as a class of identifiers because although there is a scheme associated with the structure of an ISIN, there are many country-specific variations issued by national numbering agencies.
international securities identification numbering scheme
formal definition of the structure and application of a ISINs as defined in ISO 6166
security identifier issued in the public domain and referred to in listings and other relevant publications
registration authority responsible for issuing and managing National Securities Identifying Numbers for securities in accordance with the ISO 6166 standard in some jurisdiction (typically that of a country)
generic, nine-digit alpha numeric code which identifies a fungible security, assigned by a national numbering agency under the ISO 6166 standard
National Securities Identifying Number registry
registry used by a national numbering agency to manage the financial instrument identifiers and related information that it registers
national numbering agency registry entry
entry in a National Securities Identifying Number registry
security identification scheme, defining the format and structure of a National Securities Identifying Number (NSIN), published nationally on behalf of a country
generally incorporated into the ISIN scheme as well
proprietary security identification scheme
security identification scheme published by a commercial entity
Proprietary schemes may be unique to an exchange or data provider, for example.
identifier supplied by a commercial entity
formal definition of the structure and application of a particular set of securities identifiers
any publicly available identifier that is used to identify a security
registry used to manage security identifiers and related information
Securities registries may be managed by an exchange, clearing house, custodian, bank, or other financial services provider.
record for a security in a securities registry
reassignable identifier of relatively short character string length that is unique within an exchange for a particular financial instrument or listing for that instrument
Every listed security has at least one unique ticker symbol, facilitating the vast array of trade orders that flow through the financial markets every day. However, in some countries this relationship may be indirect, through the listing, rather than direct, as is the case in the United States. In the US, the relationship between a ticker symbol and the listed security is one-to-one. This is not, however, the case in Singapore, where there may be unique ticker symbols for the same security based on the lot size. Some well-known ticker symbols are commonly used by multiple exchanges for the same instrument, such as 'IBM', though exchanges attempt to coordinate to limit duplication.
Ticker symbols are reusable, assigned to a given instrument by an exchange for some period of time.
CGS (CUSIP Global Services) CUSIP Access services and repository, a proprietary repository of security identifiers, issued by CUSIP Global Services, that is the National Securities Identifying Number (NSIN) for securities issued in North America, which is also part of the ISIN for the security it identifies
CUSIP Global Services financial services provider that is the national numbering agency (NNA) for CUSIPs in North America
CUSIP International Numbering System (CINS) number
9-character alphanumeric identifier that employs the same 9 characters as CUSIP, but also contains a letter of the alphabet in the first position signifying the issuer's country or geographic region, issued by CUSIP Global Services
CUSIP International Numbering System (CINS) scheme
security identification scheme that extends the CUSIP scheme, used to identify securities outside of the United States and Canada for the purposes of facilitating clearing and settlement of trades
Committee on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures (CUSIP) number
nine-character alphanumeric number that identifies all North American stocks and registered bonds for the purposes of facilitating clearing and settlement of trades, issued by CUSIP Global Services on behalf of the American Bankers' Association, which is a part of Standard and Poor's Capital IQ, that is the National Numbering Agency Identifier for securities issued in North America, which is also part of the ISIN for the security it identifies
Committee on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures (CUSIP) scheme
national security identification scheme used to identify all North American stocks and registered bonds for the purposes of facilitating clearing and settlement of trades
distributed international repository of security identifiers, issued by Euroclear or Clearstream (CEDEL), that are used to identify securities in Europe for the purposes of facilitating clearing and settlement of trades
nine-character alphanumeric securities identifier, issued in Luxembourg, jointly by Euroclear and Clearstream
Euroclear Clearstream common code scheme
nine-digit security identification scheme, defined originally by Euroclear and CEDEL (now Clearstream) that is used to identify securities in Europe for the purposes of facilitating clearing and settlement of trades
financial instrument identifier that is defined as specified in the Object Management Group (OMG) Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) Specification
The development of the Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) originated from a need for a standard methodology to bridge across multiple identification systems for financial instruments. Without prejudice against any existing symbol-based solutions, or any question of the validity of one system over the other, the FIGI standard utilizes a metadata driven approach to enable the unique and persistent identification of financial instruments. While in most cases, a FIGI uniquely identifies a security, there are situations outside of the U.S. where it instead identifies a listing for a security, similar to a ticker symbol.
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) Registry
open, OMG standards-based registry used by the FIGI registration authority to manage the financial instrument identifiers and related information that it registers according to the Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) standard
Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) registry entry
entry in a Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) registry
financial instrument global identifier scheme
standard identification scheme for financial instrument identifiers (not limited to securities) and, in some cases, related listings, published by the Object Management Group (OMG)
proprietary identification scheme for securities identifiers managed by the Financial Times
proprietary code for financial instruments and indices owned, managed, and distributed by the London Stock Exchange Group's LSEG Financial Solutions (branded as Refinitiv)
A Refinitiv Instrument Code (RIC), previously known as the Reuters Instrument Code, is a proprietary identifier used by Refinitiv (now LSEG Financial Solutions) to represent financial instrument related data. The composition of a RIC is dependent on the type of instrument. - Instrument code : Can be based on the exchange ticker code, ISIN or local code, currency code, and so on - Period or time interval : Can be an expiry month code for example - Delimiter : Usually a full stop used to separate the instrument code from the exchange code or a = sign for money securities. - Source code : Usually a single or double alpha-character capital unique to an exchange An equity RIC has several components: the Equity RIC root is in upper case, brokerage characters in lower case (if applicable), and finally an exchange identifier. These codes facilitate information lookup across various financial networks. The concept of RICs traces back to the Quotron service, which Thomson Reuters acquired in the 1980s. The division was spun out as Refinitiv in 2018. Refinitiv was acquired by the London Stock Exchange Group in 2021, and the organization was rebranded as LSEG Financial Solutions in 2023, though the name of the code and certain other branded concepts were retained.
proprietary identification scheme for securities identifiers managed by the London Stock Exchange Group's LSEG Financial Solutions
repository of security identifiers, issued by the London Stock Exchange, that is the National Securities Identifying Number (NSIN) for securities issued in the United Kingdom, which is also part of the ISIN for the security it identifies
Stock Exchange Daily Official List (SEDOL) code
seven-character security identifier, issued by the London Stock Exchange, that is the National Securities Identifying Number (NSIN) for securities issued in the United Kingdom, which is also part of the ISIN for the security it identifies
Stock Exchange Daily Official List (SEDOL) scheme
national security identification scheme used to identify all stocks and registered bonds in the United Kingdom for the purposes of facilitating clearing and settlement of trades
identifier used to identify financial instruments owned, managed, and distributed by SIX Financial Information (formerly Telekurs AG and subsequently SIX Telekurs Ltd.)
The Telekurs Id was phased out in favor of the Valoren (Valor Nummer in Swiss German) in 2013.
proprietary identification scheme for securities identifiers formerly managed by SIX Telekurs Ltd, a subsidiary of the SIX Group (Swiss Infrastructure and eXchange), now SIX Financial Information AG
identification number assigned to financial instruments in Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Belgium, issued by SIX Financial Information, that is the National Securities Identifying Number (NSIN) for securities issued in those countries and is also part of the ISIN for the security it identifies
A VALOR code is between six and nine characters in length and like other securities identification codes (like ISIN, CUSIPs etc). A VALOR is utilized for identification purposes as well as clearing and settlement, similar to an ISIN code, and identifies debt and equity securities.
Valor
Valor Code
Valor Nummer
Valoren Code
Valoren Number
national security identification scheme used to identify equity and debt securities in Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Belgium for the purposes of facilitating clearing and settlement of trades
The VALOR number is a numeric code that intrinsically has no meaning. When a new VALOR is needed, the next one from the list is simply allocated. An instrument's number indicates nothing about the instrument itself.
form of a security that may be issued in both bearer and registered form but with the same identification number
ISO 10962:2019(E), Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth edition, 2019-10, clause 6.2.2
form of a security that is not registered in the books of the issuer or of the registrar and is payable to the person possessing the stock or bond certificate
Unlike normal registered instruments, no record is kept of who owns bearer instruments or of transactions involving the transfer of ownership.
securities offering whereby investment bankers commit to doing their best to sell the securities offered, but do not assume the full risk of an underwriter
In a best efforts offering, the agreement is strictly an agency arrangement, with no obligation on the part of the agent to purchase the securities. They act as a broker, in other words.
form of a security in which ownership is recorded electronically by a central depository
contract terms specifying when and how a security may be converted to another security (usually of the same issuer)
security that can be converted into another security
Convertible securities may be convertible bonds or preferred stocks that pay regular interest and can be converted into shares of common stock (sometimes conditioned on the stock price appreciating to a predetermined level).
Warrants are equity convertible securities. They give the owner the option to buy newly issued shares at a determined exercise price and date.
issuer that issues securities that are excused from certain regulatory reporting requirements
In general, these include governments and issuers of tax exempt securities such as municipalities, banks and depository institutions, and authorized insurance companies, railroads and public utilities, and certain non-profit organizations.
public offering involving securities that are excused from certain regulatory reporting requirements
Such an offering may be considered exempt either because the issuer is exempt or the transaction specific to the offering is exempt.
securities transaction for which there is no requirement to register the transaction with a regulatory agency
Examples include non-issuer transactions in outstanding securities, other isolated non-issuer transactions, certain unsolicited / de minimis transactions, fiduciary transactions, transactions with financial institutions, private placement transactions that meet certain conditions, and so forth.
abbreviated name for a financial instrument within a defined structure as specified in ISO 18774
ISO 18774:2015(E), Securities and related financial instruments - Financial Instrument Short Name (FISN)
securities offering whereby the underwriter purchases the securities outright for their own account
form of a security that is not categorized
Miscellaneous form is used to describe securities wherein the form is not stated as being bearer or registered.
legal document that states the objectives, risks and terms of an investment
There are many variations, including offering memorandum, which is typically used in the context of a private placement, offering statement, which has slightly different meanings depending on the context (for securities, for bonds, etc.) and so forth. This concept is intended to act as a more abstract parent for these more nuanced concepts.
offering memorandum that conforms to Regulation A, Offering Statement, of the Securities Act of 1933
See https://www.sec.gov/about/forms/form1-a.pdf for the actual form detail
offering of securities made privately to a limited number of qualified potential investors
Unlike a public offering, a private placement does not have to be registered with a regulatory agency if the securities are purchased for investment rather than resale.
legal document stating the objectives, risks and terms of investment involved with a private placement
An offering memorandum serves to provide buyers with information on the offering and to protect the sellers from the liability associated with selling unregistered securities. It includes information such as the financial statements, management biographies, a detailed description of the business, etc.
formal, written offering document to sell securities that provides the facts an investor needs to make an informed investment decision
The Securities Act of 1933, as amended 5 April 2012, see http://www.sec.gov/about/laws/sa33.pdf
A prospectus may specify the facts about an offering of securities, mutual funds, or limited partnerships for investments in oil, gas, equipment leasing, or other kinds of limited partnerships.
In the United States, a prospectus may be a formal legal document, required by and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, if it provides details about an investment offering for sale to the public.
offering of securities for sale to the investment public, after compliance with registration requirements of the relevant regulatory authorities
In the US, public offerings generally require approval of the Securities Exchange Commission and/or relevant state regulators, unless the issuer is an exempt issuer, and are usually conducted by an investment banker or a syndicate made up of several investment bankers, at a price agreed upon between the issuer and the investment bankers.
form of a security whereby ownership is recorded in the name of the owner on the books of the issuer or the issuer's registrar and can only be transferred to another owner when endorsed by the registered owner
With registered securities, a ledger is kept by the issuing company or agent which records the owners of all the securities. Transfer of ownership can only occur when names are changed in the ledger.
offering of a security (or securities) for sale
If the offering is public, then it can only be made after regulatory registration requirements have been met. The securities may be new or a secondary offering of a previously issued security, and may include stock, multiple classes of equity shares, municipal or other government bonds, and so forth. Offerings, especially to the investment public, are typically made by an investment banker, or syndicate of investment bankers.
nature of the proof of ownership of a security
Securities are typically issued in one of two forms, registered or bearer. Most securities issued today are in registered form, which enables the issuing firm or registrar to keep records of a security's owner and mail them any dividend, coupon, or other payments. Registered securities may be issued in book entry (digital only) or certificate (physical) form, but most today are entirely digital.
the type of distribution for a securities offering, including (1) primary offering - the original sale of a company's securities, in which the proceeds from the sale are received directly by the company, and (2) secondary offering - an offering of a security that has been issued previously
party that has purchased from an issuer with a view to, or sells for an issuer in connection with, the distribution of any security, or participates or has a direct or indirect participation in any such undertaking, or participates or has a participation in the direct or indirect underwriting of any such undertaking
underwriting agreement between an organization (typically an investment bank) and a securities issuer that commits the underwriter to assuming risk involved in buying a new issue of securities and reselling it to the public
Sales may be made either directly or through third-party dealers.
indicates the date on which an offering or transaction officially closes, in contrast with an intended closing date
indicates the first day the public will receive information regarding a new security issue
An announcement date may also refer to the release of a corporate event or new financial news, such as interest rate changes or earnings reports.
relates a security to its ISO 18774-compliant short name, which includes an issuer short name, abbreviated instrument characteristics, and abbreviated instrument description per the ISO standard
indicates the date on which a newly issued security starts trading
indicates the date on which the first trade of a newly issued security is settled
relates a financial instrument or FISN to an ISO 18774-compliant instrument description, that is, a collection of characteristics and attributes defining a financial instrument with a maximum length up to 19 alphanumeric characters
relates a security issuer or FISN to an ISO 18774-compliant issuer short name, that is, an abbreviation of the official issuer name, limited to a maximum of 15 alphanumeric characters
indicates the series identified by the issuer in the event that the instrument is issued in several series (also known as tranches)
indicates a period of time in which investors can commit to purchase shares (or units) to be issued
indicates the form in which the security is issued, typically in registered form
indicates whether or not the subscription is over-subscribed
indicates the registration authority for a given security, i.e., in the name of the owner on the books of the issuer, with the issuer's registrar, with a third-party transfer agent, with a broker-dealer, or other competent party
relates an offering to an underwriter involved in raising capital for or distributing the instruments that are the subject of the offering
specifies a security that will replace a convertible security under the terms of the agreement
identifies one or more underwriters involved in raising capital for or distributing the instruments that are the subject of the offering
Underwriting is the process by which investment bankers raise investment capital from investors on behalf of corporations and governments that are issuing either equity or debt securities.
registered security listed on at least one exchange
One can, as appropriate, multiply classify a share as being a common share and listed share, and, in the case whereby multiple securities are issued in different currencies (i.e., there are multiple listed shares corresponding to a given common share that have different identifiers, including more than one ISIN, CUSIP, share class FIGI), multiply classify the listed share individuals as individuals of the same common share.
listing
catalog entry for a securities offering managed by an exchange that provides the terms under which that security is made available on that exchange
market listing
service provided by an exchange to facilitate securities trading
security that is registered with some registration authority
specifies the date set by the exchange for delisting a security
indicates the exchange that is considered the primary market for a security; typically, but not always, in the country in which the security was originally issued
A security may have been originally listed on the Frankfurt exchange, but its current home is the London Stock Exchange, for example.
A primary market is one that issues new securities on an exchange for companies, governments, and other groups to obtain financing through debt-based or equity-based securities.
specifies the last date and time that the security was traded on the exchange
indicates the date on which a security is listed
indicates the original exchange that listed the security
has tick size
specifies a minimum price movement for the security with respect to an exchange
identifies the service responsible for listing the security
indicates that the security has been publicly traded long enough to eliminate any short-term volume volatility from its initial public offering
Short-term volatility may be with respect to price or trading volume.
identifies the trading facility on which the security is traded
relates a given exchange-specific security listing to its issue
contract terms setting out restrictions on either the holder or the issuer of the security, as specified in the terms of the instrument itself
investor that is a person, rather than an organization, who may or may not be considered a qualified investor from a legal perspective
investor that pools money to purchase securities, real property, and other investment assets or originates loans
Institutional investors typically buy, sell, and manage stocks, bonds, and other investment securities on behalf of its clients, customers, members, or shareholders. These include endowment funds, commercial banks, mutual funds, hedge funds, pension funds, and insurance companies. Institutional investors are able to invest in riskier securities and ventures than average investors because they are more sophisticated with respect to their investment methodologies.
legal holding restriction that specifies where holders of a security may be domiciled
security restriction applicable to holding the security
legal holding restriction that defines the concept of a qualified investor for a given purpose and specifies that only such qualified investors may hold the security
If a holding period is not defined, then the period for which the restriction applies is indefinite.
regulation codified in law specific to securities and investments
legal obligation that is applicable to a financial instrument or listing as mandated in a law or by contract
restriction that limits trading in some manner, typically summarized on term sheets or in other documentation, including but not limited to restrictions on day trading
identifies a holding period applicable to some financial asset
identifies a restriction applicable to a given financial instrument or listing
collection of investments (financial assets) such as stocks, bonds and cash equivalents, as well as mutual funds, real estate, and so forth
Portfolio holdings may cover a variety of investment products, including stocks, bonds and mutual funds to options, futures and exchange-traded funds, and relatively esoteric instruments such as private equity and hedge funds. The number and nature of holdings contribute to the degree of diversification of a portfolio. A mix of stocks across different sectors, bonds of different maturities, and other investments would suggest a well-diversified portfolio, while concentrated holdings in a handful of stocks within a single sector indicates a portfolio with limited diversification.
has a value as of the date of acquisition, expressed as an amount of money or goods
designation formed by omitting parts from the full form of a term that denotes the same concept
Chemical Symbols: H, O, Mg; Units of Measure: Km, Kg, G
Abbreviations can be created by removing individual words, or can be acronyms, initialisms, or clipped terms.
ISO 1087 Terminology work and terminology science - Vocabulary, Second edition, 2019-09
ISO 31-0 Quantities and units - General principles
The symbols for quantities are generally single letters of the Latin or Greek alphabet, sometimes with subscripts or other modifying signs. These letters, including those that are members of the Greek alphabet are not symbols for the purposes of this ontology, however, they are abbreviations. Expressions of chemical formulae may, however, include a combination of abbreviations and symbols, as needed to define a given quantity.
Note that any SPARQL or other query using entailment for the rdfs:label on any construct will return not only the rdfs:label but all labels that are specified using subproperties of rdfs:label, such as abbreviation.
abbreviation that is made up of the initial letters of the components of the full form of a term or proper name or from syllables of the full form
Examples of acronyms are: laser, ISO, GATT, UNESCO, UNICEF
Acronyms are frequently pronounced syllabically. It may be useful to use this property for generation of acronym lists.
Note that any SPARQL or other query using entailment for the rdfs:label on any construct will return not only the rdfs:label but all labels that are specified using subproperties of rdfs:label, such as acronym.
document or other source from which a given term (or its definition) was adapted (i.e., is compatible with but not quoted); the range for this annotation can be a string, URI, or citation
This annotation should be used to indicate that a reference was used, for example, as input to the development of a definition or term but would not be considered infringing on a copyright.
exclusive legal right, given to an originator or an assignee to print, publish, perform, film, or record literary, artistic, or musical material, and to authorize others to do the same
quoted reference for the subject resource; the range for this annotation can be a string, URI, or bibliographic citation
note that provides additional explanatory material for a resource
definition in the form of a formal expression, such as the mathematical or logic representation, for the resource
abbreviation that is a design or mark, or other non-alpha-numeric character(s) conventionally used to represent something, such as a currency or mathematical sign or operator
Note that any SPARQL or other query using entailment for the rdfs:label on any construct will return not only the rdfs:label but all labels that are specified using subproperties of rdfs:label, such as symbol.
designation that can be substituted for the primary representation of something
Note that any SPARQL or other query using entailment for the rdfs:label on any construct will return not only the rdfs:label but all labels that are specified using subproperties of rdfs:label, such as synonym.
note that provides information about how a given resource is used or may be extended
authorisation
authorization
situation in which a party authorizes someone to act on their behalf or to have specific capabilities under certain conditions for some period of time
authorised party
authorized party
party that has been given the ability to act on behalf of another party or to have specified capabilities under some set of guidelines for some period of time
authorising party
authorizing party
party that delegates some role, authority, or control to another party
authorized party empowered with some level of legal control and corresponding responsibility
legal person acting in a role that has some formal responsibility
party with a fiduciary responsibility such as a signatory, an examiner, registrar, obligor, payee, etc.
endorses, enables, empowers, or gives permission to
endorses, enables, empowers, or gives permission directly to
indicates the situation that facilitates designation of an authorized party by the authorizing party for some purpose
indicates a party to which the authorizing party has delegated some authority or control
relates something to a specific authorization that is applicable to it in some context
indicates the party (role) that is endorsed, enabled, empowered, or otherwise permitted to do something in the situation
indicates the legal person that is endorsed, enabled, empowered, or otherwise permitted to do something in the situation
indicates the party (role) that endorses, enables, empowers, or gives permission in the situation
indicates the legal person that endorses, enables, empowers, or gives permission in the situation
indicates something or some party that is controlled via delegation
identifies a party that has some assignment, commitment or obligation with respect to some situation or organization
is endorsed, enabled, empowered, or otherwise permitted by
indicates the situation that facilitates endorsement of the authorized party for some purpose
indicates the situation that facilitates designation of the legal person as an authorized party for some purpose
indicates the situation that facilitates designation of an authorized party by the legal person for some purpose
is directly endorsed, enabled, empowered, or otherwise permitted by
characteristic or feature that can be used to dimensionalize, filter, or subset a class, collection, or set of things
ISO/IEC 11179-3 Information technology - Metadata registries (MDR) - Part 3: Registry metamodel and basic attributes, Third edition, 2013-02-15
system for allocating classifiers to things
ISO 11179-3 defines a classification scheme as descriptive information for an arrangement or division of objects into groups based on criteria such as characteristics, which the objects have in common. A classification scheme may be a taxonomy, a network, an ontology, or any other terminological system. Such classification schemes are intended to permit the classification of arbitrary objects into hierarchies, or partial orders, as appropriate. The classification may also be just a list of controlled vocabulary of property words (or terms). The list might be taken from the 'leaf level' of a taxonomy.
standardized classification or delineation for something, per some scheme for such delineation, within a specified context
The classifier 'color' embraces characteristics being red, blue, green, etc. The classifier 'material' embraces characteristics made of wood, metal, etc.
In ISO 1087, classifiers form categories of characteristics that serve as the criterion of subdivision when establishing concept systems.
provides a discriminating feature or quality of
arranges in categories according to one or more shared characteristics
indicates a quality or feature of something, distinguishing it from something else
is systematically grouped based on characteristics by
indicates that the classifiers in the scheme are all disjoint and that only one classifier may be used to classify something
This does not exclude classification by other classifiers from other schemes. It is simply a hint to users that whatever is classified by a classifier in this scheme should be classified by at most one of the classifiers in the scheme.
sequence of characters denoting something for some purpose, within a specified context, according to some rule set
An example of a code set that has multiple versions are the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) codes such as ICD-9, ICD-10, and so forth, that specify the same codes across multiple versions.
Note that codes may be included in multiple code lists, especially in cases where there are multiple versions of those code lists. ICD-9 and ICD-10 are examples of code sets that specify, in some cases, the same codes, but across different versions of those code sets.
system of alpha-numeric symbols, or combinations of symbols, that stand for specified values in some context
Note that a given code set will typically include a finite and known list of codes. Code sets may also be versioned. ICD-9 and ICD-10 are examples of code sets that specify, in some cases, the same codes, but across different versions of those code sets.
systematic plan, manner, or method for making, doing, achieving, or organizing something
Examples include designs, schema, models, methodologies, alphabetical or numeric ordering, and the like.
grouping of things (may be zero) that have some shared significance
Users should use either comprises or hasPart, or one of their respective subproperties, to include things in a collection.
component of a collection or combination of things
Users should use either isIncludedIn or isPartOf, or one of their respective subproperties, to include a constituent in a collection.
collection that has a clearly defined structure or organization
Examples include collections organized thematically, alphabetically, by method used to develop them, according to time and/or version, or based on encoding schemes such as the Dewey Decimal System or Library of Congress Subject Headings.
Users should use the hasMethod property on arrangement to describe the methodology for structuring the collection.
adheres to policies or rules specified in
includes, consists of, or contains, especially within a particular scope
Note that something can be comprised of something(s) that may or may not be understood as separable parts. In other words, comprises does not imply countability or uniqueness. Whole-part relations are transitive, whereas comprises is not defined to be transitive, so this property is useful in cases where cardinality constraints are needed. comprises and hasPart are not explicitly declared as disjoint to avoid reasoning issues, but should be considered as such.
This property is disjoint with hasMember, and should be used in cases where the constituents of something are not considered discrete elements of whatever they are included in, such as a substance or composite.
indicates an immediate 'child' part of something
This property is useful in cases where one is interested in the direct relationships between parts of things, for example to build a tree view.
Note that the domain of hasMember should be some sort of collection, aggregate, or group. In the Financial Industry Business Ontology (FIBO), hasMember is used in the case of parties (people and organizations), whereas comprises can have anything in its range.
provides a text description of an approach or method used to accomplish something
This property can be used to describe an arrangement or ordering applied to a collection.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy at http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/mereology/
indicates any portion of something, regardless of whether the portion itself is attached to the remainder or detached; cognitively salient or arbitrarily demarcated; self-connected or disconnected; homogeneous or gerrymandered; material or immaterial; extended or unextended; spatial or temporal
Note that 'has part' is not a subproperty of 'comprises' in order to enable transitivity for whole-part relationships without limiting the use of cardinality constraints on comprises and membership.
indicates an immediate 'parent' of this part
Something that is included in something else may be an independently identifiable, discrete element or may be an indistinguishable element once it is combined with the target.
relates something to another thing that it is some component or portion of, regardless of how that whole-part relationship is manifested
Note that 'is part of' is not a subproperty of 'isIncludedIn' in order to enable transitivity for whole-part relationships without limiting the use of cardinality constraints on inclusion and membership.
ISO 1087 Terminology work and terminology science - Vocabulary, Second edition, 2019-09, clause 3.6.5
situation or frame of reference in which something applies, exists, happens, or is used and that helps to illustrate or explain it
From a terminology perspective, context provides information, including but not limited to text, that illustrates a concept or the use of a designation for a given situation.
designation that applies to something in some context
Contextual designators may be structured such that they include other designators, for example, composite identifiers that include a country code to distinguish national identifiers from one another, for example, in the case of some manufacturing, agricultural, or financial instrument identifiers.
Note that the use of the min 0 cardinality restriction in the definition of this class is provided as a reminder that contextual designators are expected, in most cases, to have some sort of context associated with them. There may be cases where the context is limited to a time period, though, and thus additional context may not be required, or where more direct relationships to provenance, governance, or other contextual information is available.
designation by which someone, some place, or something is known in some context
Names for people may be considered to be personally identifying information (PII), especially when other details are also available. Specifying names as string values attached directly to an individual makes name reconciliation and management, including from a privacy perspective, more challenging.
Names of people, places, and organizations often change over time, and may be used in a particular context, such as a DBA name for a business or legal name for a person.
This class is designed to be extended to include provenance details regarding the source for a particular name as well as links to the various contexts in which it is used.
indicates something for which a context is material, germane, or relevant in some way
indicates a date period during which something may be used, applies, is valid or is accurate or relevant
indicates a context in which something is relevant
The context may include the setting in which something is defined, expressed, or represented.
employs to accomplish some task or achieve some result
identification scheme that applies within one or more contexts
sequence of characters uniquely identifying that with which it is associated, within a specified context
The context within which an identifier is unique may be limited to a given data source, registry or jurisdiction, or may be designed to be globally unique such as a legal entity identifier issued by a registrar authorized by the Global LEI Foundation. Such identifiers may have other features associated with them, such as the date they were originally issued, and information related to registration, validation, recency, and so forth.
sequence of characters uniquely identifying that with which it is associated, that includes other codes or identifiers, or that is constructed from other notions
A vehicle identification number (VIN) includes a world-wide manufacturer identifier, a vehicle description (i.e., make, model), check digits, the year, plant and a specific vehicle number.
An international security identification number (ISIN) includes a country code and the national security identification number (NSIN), as defined in ISO 6166.
For a fictional business identifier, the rule used to parse a composite identifier might be fibo-fnd-arr-id:parseRegex "RA([0-9]{6})-([0-9A-Z]*)", and fibo-fnd-arr-id:constructRegex "$1-$2", where RA represents a text value corresponding to the registration authority for the business identifier.
Many structured identifiers can be validated using a regular expression, such as a social security number in the United States.
Use parseRegex and constructRegex annotation properties to express the rules for deconstructing and composing the actual composite identifiers from their constituent parts as appropriate.
datatype that maps to several base types for dates and times
Valid values must use the ISO 8601 representation for a date, or the corresponding XML Schema Datatypes representation for a date and time, or date and time including the time zone.
There are many cases where the representation of a date may or may not include a time, and where the underlying data representation varies. This composite datatype should only be used in cases where a standard representation using one of the options in the union for date or date and time value specification does not work.
A date may or may not have a value, and may be explicit or calculated. A date that has a value is one that is either explicitly set as a literal when it is created, or is some form of 'calculated date'. In an instance of date, the existence of the 'has date value' property both indicates that the date is known, and gives the value of the date. A date that does not have a value is likely one that is some form of 'calculated date, in which the actual date has not (yet) been established.
time span over one or more calendar days
A date period is considered unknown or incomplete if either the start date or the end date has no value. There may be cases, however, when the length of time is known, such as a 4-day work week, but the precise start and end of that week are not known.
A date period is typically defined by at least two of three properties: (1) a start date, (2) an end date, and (3) a duration. If more than one of these properties is missing, the date period may be invalid, incomplete, or unknown.
time point including a date and a time, optionally including a time zone offset
'has date time value' is omitted if the 'date time' is not (yet) known. The time zone is implicitly UTC.
time point including a date and a time that requires a time zone offset
'has date time stamp value' is omitted if the 'date time stamp' is not (yet) established.
day
explicit period of 24 hours
interval of time of some specific length
The 'has duration value' property is absent if the duration is not (yet) known.
date in which the 'has date value' property is required
date period for which the start date, end date, and/or duration are required
As with 'date period', any one of {start date, end date, duration} may be omitted because the missing property can be inferred from the other two.
duration for which the 'has duration value' property must have a value
This class is used when a duration is guaranteed to be known when it is created.
time period for which the starting time, ending time, and/or duration are required
As with 'time period', any one of {start time, end time, duration} may be omitted because the missing property can be inferred from the other two.
time interval with a non-zero extent or duration
Proper interval is included explicitly to enable mapping to the same term in the Time Ontology in OWL for use with the Allen intervals encoded therein.
temporal entity that is a member of a time scale, with no extent or duration
The Battle of Hastings was on '14 October 1066'. (This gives the Julian date of the battle at a granularity of 'day'. If desired, the battle could be given more precisely as a time period within that calendar day.)
For scales that have a granularity specified in days, a date is a time point; for scales down to the seconds, the equivalent of an xsd:dateTime or xsd:dateTimeStamp is a time point.
The duration of each time interval that is an instance of the time point is the granularity of the time scale of the time point.
segment of the time axis, a location in time, with an extent or duration
the day whose Gregorian calendar date is September 11, 2001
Every time interval has a beginning, an end, and a duration, even if not known. Every time interval is 'finite', a bounded segment of the time axis. The beginning or end of a time interval may be defined by reference to events that occur for a time interval that is not known.
Time intervals may be indefinite, meaning that their beginning is primordiality or their end is perpetuity, or both (eternity). This vocabulary assumes that indefinite time intervals exist and have some duration, but their duration is unknown.
The representation similar to xsd:dateTime, but should exclude the date component and time zone. The value of the has time value property roughly corresponds to xsd:time in XML schema datatypes, which is prohibited from use in OWL due to ambiguity in its definition.
A time period is defined by at least two of three properties: (1) a start time, (2) an end time, and (3) a duration. If more than one of these properties is missing, the time period may be invalid or unknown.
A time period is unknown if either the starting or ending time has no value. If a time period is unknown, then the duration should either be omitted or unknown (have no value).
identifies a calendar day, month and year
links something, such as an agreement, contract, license, or report, to the date it was made available
identifies a specific window of time, including a start date, end date and/or duration
identifies a specific date and time of day, possibly excluding the time zone
identifies a specific date and time of day, explicitly including the time zone
specifies an actual literal (explicit) date and time, including the time zone
specifies an actual literal (explicit) date and time
specifies an actual literal (explicit) date captured in the format specified for xsd:date (i.e., ISO 8601 format), WITHOUT the time or timezone information; the semantics are identical to those of xsd:date
In the Finance domain, for consistency with FpML (reference FpML Coding Schemes 30 June 2014, Version 1.56, section 2.1.1), the year MUST be specified as 4 digits, and the month and day MUST be specified as 2 digits with a leading zero if needed. Times and timezones should NOT be specified.
specifies the time during which something continues
This duration may be omitted or unknown if either the start or end Date of the DatePeriod is an ExplicitDate.
specifies a literal (explicit) duration (amount of time) captured in the format specified for xsd:duration (i.e., ISO 8601 format); the semantics are identical to those of xsd:duration
-P3D means negative 3 days duration. This is used with OffsetDates to specify 3 days before (prior) to some other Date.
P1Y2M3DT4H5M6S means 1 year, 2 months, 3 days, 4 hours, 5 minutes, 6 seconds
Negative durations are used to indicate relative dates that are before (rather than after) some other Date.
indicates the final or ending time point associated with something
indicates the final or ending date associated with something
indicates the final or ending time associated with something
Use of the property 'hasTimeValue' as a property of the TimeOfDay to record the actual time, or use either the DateTime or DateTimeStamp class with the date zeroed out if the date is not relevant but with the time included.
indicates a stated date, as opposed to a calculated or unknown date, associated with something
indicates a date and time associated with an event, measurement, record, or observation
indicates the initial time point associated with something
indicates the initial date associated with something
indicates the initial or starting time associated with something
specifies a general time that can be associated with any element
This property corresponds to the property of the same name in the W3C Time Ontology, and can be used to support mapping.
identifies a specific window of time, including a starting time, ending time and/or duration
specifies an explicit time, captured in the format specified for xsd:time (i.e., ISO 8601 format), WITHOUT the date or timezone information
ISO 1087 Terminology work and terminology science - Vocabulary, Second edition, 2019-09, clause 3.2.24
associates based on prior spatial or temporal proximity; occurs before in a logical order or sequence
associates based on subsequent spatial or temporal proximity; follows in a logical order or sequence
representation for something, or for a conceptualization thereof, that denotes it in a domain or subject
A designation can be a term including appellations, a proper name, or a symbol.
A designation can be linguistic or non-linguistic. It can consist of various types of characters, but also punctuation marks such as hyphens and parentheses, governed by domain-, subject-, or language-specific conventions.
Note that the use of the min 0 cardinality restriction in the definition of this class is provided as a reminder that designators are expected, in many cases, to have a text value associated with them. There are cases where this is not true, however, including symbols. And, there may be cases where the value is not known. Additionally, not all tools support rdf:langString, thus its use in the definition of the Text datatype may cause errors, for example in value and some number restrictions. Min 0 cardinality constraints are ignored by reasoners and other processors, so this allows us to say that the possible values for this property are likely either xsd:string or rdf:langString, but does not require it depending on the environment in which the ontology is deployed.
ISO 1087 Terminology work and terminology science - Vocabulary, Second edition, 2019-09, clause 3.4.1
ISO 704 Terminology work - Principles and methods, Fourth edition, 2022-07, Figure 1
designation for something by a linguistic expression
In ISO 1087, a name may be an appellation and is defined as a term that is applied to a group of objects whose relevant properties are identical, whereas a proper name is a designation that represents an individual object.
ISO/IEC 11179-3 Information technology - Metadata registries (MDR) - Registry metamodel and basic attributes, Third edition, 2013-02-15, clause 3.2.83
Note that unlike symbols and other designations, a name is explicitly not linguistically neutral.
specifies the meaning of something in terms of one or more of its essential qualities
A quality is an elementary characteristic of something. An 'essential quality' is one that provides a necessary criteria for being that thing and differentiating criteria for not being something else.
serves as a sign for something, or for a conceptualization thereof
Note that in some references, such as the semiotics ontology from Ontology Design Patterns,'denotes' can be used to talk about e.g. entities denoted by proper nouns: the proper noun 'Leonardo da Vinci' denotes the person Leonardo da Vinci; as well as to talk about sets of entities that can be described by a common noun: the common noun 'person' denotes the collection of all persons in a domain of discourse. Other references that may be useful for interpreting 'denotes' include OntoLex. The interpretation of 'denotes' in this context is more general, but intended to reflect its usage in the semiotic triangle.
This property could be specialized to differentiate the notion of referring to something, i.e., a referent, from the notion of evoking a concept. Consider that in OntoLex, the term denotes is used to designate the sign referent relationship specifically, which in ISO 704:2022 is called 'refers to' in Figure 1. This definition is also meant to cover the OntoLex notion of evokes, which in ISO 704:2022 is called designates or represents.
Note that the describes property defined herein as an object property has an implicit range of owl:Class. This is purposeful, so that users can specify any concept, such as a document, contract, specification, situation, or other domain-specific concept, as the thing being described by the domain of this property, which might also be a document, reference, or something else.
provides a textual statement, picture in words, or account that describes something
Note that the hasDescription property defined herein has an implicit range of rdfs:Literal. This is purposeful, so that users can specify any element that has a name with or without a language tag without concern for conflicting datatypes (i.e., xsd:string vs. rdf:langString, which are logically disjoint).
This property is a data property, rather than an annotation such as dct:description, enabling it to be used for mapping controlled vocabularies and other literals that are explicit, required attributes of other models.
associates unique combination of alphanumeric characters corresponding to a designator for something
Text-valued tags can be useful for controlled vocabulary encoding or transformation, such as those used to produce IETF compliant language tags in XML.
associates a name, reference name, or appellation with an individual concept
Note that the hasTextualName property defined herein has an implicit range of rdfs:Literal. This is purposeful, so that users can specify any element that has a name with or without a language tag without concern for conflicting datatypes (i.e., xsd:string vs. rdf:langString, which are logically disjoint).
ISO 639:2023 Code for individual languages and language groups, Second edition, 2023-11
indicates something that specifies the meaning associated with the subject
Typically, a concept, such as a classifier or identifier, will be defined in terms of a scheme, contract, specification, standard, or other reference.
Note that the 'is described by' property defined herein as an object property has an implicit range of owl:Class. This is purposeful, so that users can specify any concept, such as a document, reference, or other domain-specific concept, as the descriptive thing describing the domain of this property.
has representation, denotation or sign of
'is signified by' relates a concept to some textual or other symbol which is intended to convey the sense of that concept or to some form of words that sets out the meaning of that concept.
document attesting to the truth of some fact or set of facts
ISO 5127 - Information and documentation - Foundation and vocabulary, Second edition, 2017-05, clause 3.1.1.38
A certificate may or may not also be a legal document, depending on the issuing authority and how it can be used.
Certificates, such as electronic certificates, including public keys, may be issued by some certificate authority.
unitary expression of some realization of an intellectual or artistic work
The definition of document provided herein roughly corresponds to the concept of an expression in FRBR. A document is a realization of something that typically takes the form of alpha-numeric, musical, or choreographic notation, sound, image, etc., or any combination of such forms. A manifestation of the document must be inscribed, encoded, engraved, recorded, or otherwise imprinted in some medium. The concept of a manifestation of an expression corresponds to the ISO 5127 notion of a document. Documents can differ extensively in form and characteristics.
The manifestation of a document (FRBR expression) refers not only to written and printed materials in paper or microform versions (for example, conventional books, journals, diagrams, maps), but also to non-printed media such as machine-readable and digitized records, Internet and intranet resources, films, sound recordings, buildings, sites, monuments, three-dimensional objects or realia [when used to carry some sort of engraving]; and to collections of such items or parts of such items. (Note taken from ISO 25964–1:2011, definition 2.15.) Also, software, since recorded, can be considered a document.
'Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records', Final Report, IFLA (International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions) Study Group on the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records, September 1997 - see https://repository.ifla.org/bitstream/123456789/811/2/ifla-functional-requirements-for-bibliographic-records-frbr.pdf
A document, especially a legal document, may serve to establish one or several facts, and can be relied upon as a proof thereof.
This definition of document corresponds to a subclass of expression in FRBR. The notion of being a unitary expression is the differentiator between an FRBR expression and document in this sense.
structurally distinct subdivision of a document
Parts of documents are typically identified separately based on the function they serve in conveying, organizing, or supporting the content.
document specifying the terms of, or provides evidence for, an agreement, attestation, certification, conditions, permissions, and/or decisions of legal persons, government entities, or courts of law, drawn up in accordance with certain rules that apply in the relevant jurisdiction(s)
Examples include some certificates, deeds, bonds, business documents (such as articles of incorporation, bylaws, partnership agreements), contracts, certain identity documents, wills, trusts, legislative acts, notarial acts, court writs or processes (such as related complaints and pleadings in the context of litigation as well as other documents relevant to some legal issue), and any law passed by a competent legislative body in municipal (domestic) or international law.
A legal document bears the original, official, or legal form of something, that can be fully attributed to its author(s), that records and formally expresses a legally enforceable act, process, or contractual duty, obligation, or right and that can be used to furnish decisive evidence for that act, process, or agreement.
Many legal documents only become 'legal' once they are signed and dated, and possibly notarized.
ISO 5127 - Information and documentation - Foundation and vocabulary, Second edition, 2017-05, clause 3.4.6.02
announcement, communication, intimation, or advance warning of something, usually, but not necessarily, to allow preparations to be made
registered trademark notice, disclaimer, copyright notice, overdue notice, recall notice
Although many notices are delivered electronically, certain legal notices must be given given in writing, often by regular mail or hand delivery, with the sender retaining sufficient proof of having given such notice (e.g., through a certificate of service).
ISO 5127 - Information and documentation - Foundation and vocabulary, Second edition, 2017-05
memorialization and objective evidence of activities performed, events occurred, results achieved, or statements made, regardless of its characteristics, media, physical form, or the manner in which it is recorded or stored
Records are created or received by an organization in routine transaction of its business or in pursuance of its legal obligations.
source that may be used to ascertain, interpret, or understand something
In linguistics, a reference characterizes, provides context for, or specifies the relationship of one linguistic expression to another, i.e., provides the information necessary to interpret the dependent expression.
References may be rendered in the form of a document, but may also take other forms, such as reference materials, scientific equations, and constants, including in some cases physical things, used as the basis for units of measure.
document that is used as a reference for something
A reference document is typically one that provides pertinent details for consultation about a subject.
explicit requirement or set of requirements to be satisfied by something, such as a product, material, model, process or system
spec
ISO 6707-2:2017 Buildings and civil engineering works - Vocabulary - Part 2: Contract and communication terms, clause 3.2.22
document that sets out detailed requirements to be satisfied by a product, material, process or system and the procedures for checking conformity to these requirements
Technical specifications may evolve from a functional specification and define the technical requirements for the selected solution as part of a business agreement.
ISO 10795:2019 Space systems - Programme management and quality - Vocabulary, clause 3.238
A technical specification is a specification expressing technical requirements, such as one for designing and developing a solution to be implemented.
relates something, such as an agreement, contract, document, record, report, or process, to a source of data used to analyze, develop, explain, produce, or otherwise create it
Although in many cases an annotation property, such as dct:source, is sufficient for this purpose, there are occasions when a more complete description of a source is required, such as to meet data lineage requirements, for which this property may be used.
indicates the subject or topic of something, such as a document
indicates something that is referenced as a source for information or explanation
indicates the explicit source for some requirement, fact, or set of facts
makes reference to as a source for information or explanation
mentions, names or states something clearly and definitively
Specifies may be used to refer to a requirement, fact, or set of facts.
system for minting identifiers for things that specifies constraints on the structure of the identifier
ISO/IEC 11179-3 Information technology - Metadata registries (MDR) - Part 3: Registry metamodel and basic attributes, Third edition, 2013-02-15, clause 3.1.1
sequence of characters uniquely identifying that with which it is associated
Note that some identifiers may be reused, or may be components of other identifiers, thus the restriction on what an identifier identifies is a 'some values' restriction rather than an exact cardinality. Examples of reusable identifiers include ticker symbols, and in the United States, vehicle license numbers, such as vanity plates that can be reassigned and moved from one car to another. Narrower constraints can be added to specific kinds of identifiers that are not reassignable and that identify exactly one thing, such as many national identifiers for people including passport numbers and, in the United States, social security numbers. Also, not all identifiers are explicitly defined in formal schemes, although they may be created or generated according to some formula.
recognizes or establishes identity within some context
has an identifier that is unique within some context
municipality where business is conducted, especially one that is considered a financial center
FpML Business Center and related codes, see http://www.fpml.org/coding-scheme/business-center-7-14.xml
Note that business centers, as defined in FpML, are intended for use in specifying the business calendar used by that municipality, or by certain organizations located in that municipality.
geopolitical entity representing a distinct territorial body or political entity or dependent territory
It may be an independent sovereign state or part of a larger state, as a non-sovereign or formerly sovereign political division, a physical territory with a government, or a geographic region associated with sets of previously independent or differently associated peoples with distinct political characteristics.
geopolitical entity that is a legal division of a country, dependency, or other area of special geopolitical interest related to a country or other geopolitical entity
In the US, the US Census Bureau and other federal agencies may group some number of other subdivisions for statistical analysis and reporting purposes, ranging from multiple states to minor civil divisions.
political and administrative division of a country, state or province, providing certain local governmental services
country subdivision that is or includes the municipality or capital city that acts as the seat of the federal government
Examples include the District of Columbia in the US, and the Canberra area in Australia.
The capital administrative region of some federations includes those for which the capital is situated other than within one of the states or provinces which make up the country as a whole.
self-governing geopolitical unit which forms part of a wider geopolitical unit that is recognized as a country
This type of entity, variously referred to as a state, province or canton, has a level of self government including its own legal system and court jurisdiction, but cedes a level of autonomy to the federation of which it forms a part.
three-dimensional reference system that is a global frame of reference for precisely representing the position of locations on Earth or other planetary bodies by means of geodetic coordinates
The three most widely used systems for indicating point locations in the United States are (1) latitude and longitude [and optionally elevation], (2) Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) system, and (3) State Plane Coordinate Systems (SPCS).
The unit of measure is usually decimal degrees. A point has two coordinate values, latitude and longitude. Latitude and longitude measure angles.
Geodetic coordinates are crucial to any technology or technique based on spatial location, including geodesy, navigation, surveying, geographic information systems, remote sensing, and cartography.
A region may be defined by natural or artificial features, and may be described as part of a country or the world having definable characteristics but not always fixed boundaries.
Many cases in which a geographic region, or subclass thereof, is mapped to certain applications or a relational store, or where codes are used to identify the region, require a class to represent the name of the region. In such situations, attributes of the name, such as the dates when a particular name was in use, or was valid under certain circumstances, may be important. For other applications, such as for addressing, a text value may be required. Thus, both options are provided here, with a preference for use of the full class option, depending on the use case.
identification scheme dedicated to the unique identification of geographic regions
string of letters that indicates a code or other identifier for geographical region, assigned for the purpose of uniquely identifying it within some context
classifier for a geographic region, including but not limited to a subdivision of a geopolitical entity, (noting that there may be more than one kind for a given country or other entity)
geographic area that represents a geophysical location associated with some form of political structure
A geopolitical entity may be any country, federal province, city or other administrative unit that represents a geophysical location
place or position in time and/or space, including a virtual place
urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government or jurisdiction
A municipality can be any political jurisdiction from a sovereign state, such as the Principality of Monaco, or a small village, such as West Hampton Dunes, New York.
The territory over which a municipality has jurisdiction may encompass: - only one populated place such as a city, town, or village - several of such places (e.g., early jurisdictions in the state of New Jersey (1798-1899) as townships governing several villages, Municipalities of Mexico) - only parts of such places, sometimes boroughs of a city such as the 34 municipalities of Santiago, Chile.
A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district.
area that is a continuous part of a surface, space, or body
geographic area, typically considered an area of special geopolitical interest, subject to the sovereignty, control, or jurisdiction of a state or other entity
Certain territories are included in the ISO 3166-2 code set without an alpha 2 or alpha 3 code. In these cases, the numeric code for the subregion may have more than 3 characters in their corresponding numeric region codes.
place that does not exist in any single physical location
a network-based location without geographic boundaries
the height or vertical elevation of a point above a reference surface
Altitude measurements are usually based on a given reference datum, such as mean sea level.
identifies a location where business is conducted, and hence the business calendar used to adjust dates
indicates the name of a typically large, permanent, and densely settled place
Typical working definitions for small-city populations start at around 100,000 people. Common population definitions for an urban area (city or town) range between 1,500 and 50,000 people, with most U.S states using a minimum between 1,500 and 5,000 inhabitants. Some jurisdictions set no such minima.
This property should be used in cases where a formal individual for the business center or municipality is not available. Note that Geonames could be used as a source in cases where an individual is desired. Use the property cmns-loc;hasMunicipality in cases where an individual is available. Also note that with respect to an address, this property may stand in for any village, town, or city of any size.
indicates a country, such as one that is recognized by the United Nations
indicates a country subdivision providing certain local governmental services
indicates a geographic region in which some service is provided, or to which some policy applies, or in which something is available
the angle formed by the intersection of a line perpendicular to the Earth's (or other celestial body's) surface at a point and the plane of the Equator
Points north of the Equator have positive latitude values, while points south have negative values. Latitude values range from minus 90 to plus 90 degrees. Lines of latitude are also called parallels because a particular value of latitude forms a circle parallel to the Equator.
relates something to a location, which might be physical or virtual
the angle between a plane that passes through the point and the North and South poles, and a reference plane
The reference plane is known as the prime meridian. The most common prime meridian passes through Greenwich, United Kingdom. Other examples of prime meridians in use pass through Paris and Bogota. Longitude values range from minus 180 to plus 180 degrees.
indicates the highest value / maximum for latitude with respect to a range
indicates the highest value / maximum for longitude with respect to a range
indicates the lowest value / latitude with respect to a range
indicates the lowest value / longitude with respect to a range
indicates a business center, city, or municipality
Note that certain greater metropolitan areas span multiple counties or states (e.g., the greater Washington, D.C. area, which includes parts of Maryland and Virginia, and divided/disputed cities such as Jerusalem), thus hasMunicipality is a subproperty of hasRegion rather than hasSubdivision.
identifies the most immediate and main subdivision of a country, such as a state or province
This property is intended for use when using RDF entailment or other inferencing to query for only the primary subdivisions of a geopolitical entity and eliminate references to smaller subdivisions, such as counties, from being returned in results, if present in the data set.
indicates a demarcated area on the surface of the Earth
identifies a country subdivision (state, province, region, etc.)
relates a geographic region to another geographic region that is a designated subregion of it
indicates whether a geopolitical entity stands alone or is considered part of another geopolitical entity (e.g., a country)
relates a geographic region to another geographic region that it is a part of
ability to perform a specific function or achieve a particular outcome
Business Architecture Core Metamodel, https://www.omg.org/spec/BACM
The TOGAF Standard, https://pubs.opengroup.org/togaf-standard/business-architecture/business-capability-planning.html
Value Delivery Modeling Language Specification, https://www.omg.org/spec/VDML
Capabilities are described in terms of outcomes as well as the roles involved in achieving those outcomes. The ability for an organization to perform or provide some capability may involve people with particular skills and knowledge, intellectual property, defined practices, operating facilities, tools and equipment.
maximum extent to which something or someone can perform a function or produce an output under specified conditions
In contrast with capability, the concept of capacity is constrained by upper limits on resources including time and within some context, in addition to having the ability to do so if circumstances allow.
formal organisation
formal organization
organization that is recognized in some legal jurisdiction, with associated rights and responsibilities
Examples include a corporation, charity, government or church.
informal organisation
informal organization
group of individuals who come together for a common purpose without forming a legal entity
A bridge club with officers and a bank account can be classified as an informal organization, but it depends on how the club is structured and whether it has taken steps to formalize its existence. If the bridge club has officers and a bank account but has not incorporated or registered as a legal entity (like a nonprofit organization or a corporation), it would be considered an informal organization. The officers manage the club's affairs, and the bank account is likely opened under the names of the officers or with the designation 'on behalf of the bridge club'.
There is usually no formal registration with governmental authorities, and the group operates based on mutual agreement among its members rather than a formal legal structure.
legal person that is a partnership, corporation, or other organization having the capacity to negotiate contracts, assume financial obligations, and pay off debts, organized under the laws of some jurisdiction
Examples of eligible legal entities include, without limitation: - all financial intermediaries; - banks and finance companies; - all entities that issue equity, debt or other securities for other capital structures; - all entities listed on an exchange; - all entities that trade stock or debt, investment vehicles, including mutual funds, pension funds and alternative investment vehicles constituted as corporate entities or collective investment agreements (including umbrella funds as well as funds under an umbrella structure, hedge funds, private equity funds, etc.); - all entities under the purview of a financial regulator and their affiliates, subsidiaries and holding companies; - counterparties to financial transactions.
The term 'legal entity' includes, but is not limited to, unique parties that are legally or financially responsible for the performance of financial transactions or have the legal right in their jurisdiction to enter independently into legal contracts, regardless of whether they are incorporated or constituted in some other way (e.g. trust, partnership, contractual). It excludes natural persons, but includes governmental organizations and supranationals.
ISO 17442, Financial services - Legal Entity Identifier (LEI), first edition, 2012-06-01, section 3.1
legal person
party that is recognized as having rights and obligations under the law, including but not limited to the right to sue and be sued, enter into contracts, own property, and incur financial and other obligations
To have legal personality means to be capable of having legal rights and duties within a certain legal system, such as to enter into contracts, sue, and be sued. Legal personality is a prerequisite to legal capacity, the ability of any legal person to amend (enter into, transfer, etc.) rights and obligations.
role of a group or organization that has members that are people or other organizations
membership
situation, corresponding to an n-ary relation, in which some group or organization has at least one member (person or organization) for some period of time
organisation
organization
framework of authority within which a person, persons, or groups of people act, or are designated to act, towards some purpose, such as to meet a need or pursue collective goals
This may be a business entity, government, international organization, not-for-profit, academic institution, or other unincorporated and/or informal social organization.
ISO/IEC 6523-1:1998 Information technology — Structure for the identification of organizations and organization parts — Part 1: Identification of organization identification schemes, https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso-iec:6523:-1:ed-1:v1:en
identification scheme dedicated to the unique identification of organizations
organisation identifier
organization identifier
identifier assigned to an organization within an organization identification scheme, and unique within that scheme
organisation member
organization member
party (person or organization) that has a membership role with respect to some organization
organisation name
organization name
designation by which some organization is known in some context
organisation sub-unit identifier
organization sub-unit identifier
identifier allocated to a particular organizational sub-unit
organisational sub-unit
organizational sub-unit
any department or other entity within a larger organization that only has full recognition within the context of that organization, but requires identification for some purpose
In other words, it is not a legal entity in its own right.
intangible activity performed by some party for the benefit of another party
Services include intangible products, such as accounting, banking, cleaning, consultancy, education, insurance, expertise, medical treatment, or transportation services.
Sometimes services are difficult to identify because they are closely associated with a good; such as the combination of a diagnosis with the administration of a medicine. No transfer of possession or ownership takes place when services are sold, and they (1) cannot be stored or transported, (2) are instantly perishable, and (3) come into existence at the time they are bought and consumed.
The OECD defines services as outputs produced to order and which cannot be traded separately from their production; ownership rights cannot be established over services and by the time their production is completed they must have been provided to the consumers. As an exception to this rule there is a group of industries, generally classified as service industries, some of whose outputs have characteristics of goods, i.e. those concerned with the provision, storage, communication and dissemination of information, advice and entertainment in the broadest sense of those terms; the products of these industries, where ownership rights can be established, may be classified either as goods or services depending on the medium by which these outputs are supplied.
role of an agent that provides some service, including but not limited to commercial or professional services
Example services may include consulting, financial, legal, real estate, education, communications, registration, regulatory, manufacturing, storage, processing, or other services.
This property is intended to cover assigning a job or role to someone, selecting or designating someone to fill an office or a position, and fixing or setting by authority or by mutual agreement.
identifies the organization acting in the role of having members in an organizational membership situation
indicates the party acting in the role of the member in an organizational membership situation
relates an organization to a part of that organization
links something to a web resource that specifies its location on a computer network and a method for retrieving it
links something to a page or set of related web pages located under a single domain name, typically produced by a single person or organization
Web Design and Applications involve the standards for building and Rendering Web pages, including HTML, CSS, SVG, device APIs, and other technologies for Web Applications ('WebApps'). HTML (the Hypertext Markup Language) and CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) are two of the core technologies for building Web pages. HTML provides the structure of the page, CSS the (visual and aural) layout, for a variety of devices and services.
indicates the role of the party that has assigned or appointed someone to an office or position
indicates the principal place where an entity conducts business within some country, such as where its headquarters is located
Corporate domicile refers to a place where a company's affairs are discharged. It is also typically the legal home of a corporation within a country because the place is considered by law as the center of corporate affairs. In cases where a business has incorporated in one location for convenience, such as for taxation, legal, or regulatory purposes, but operates primarily in one or more other locations, domicile refers to the operational location(s) rather than legal location. Many companies in the US have incorporated in the State of Delaware, for example, but do not have operational facilities in Delaware (or only have small offices there).
indicates the role of a party that directs the affairs or administration of something or someone
indicates the membership situation in which the party plays the role of having members
indicates the context of membership in which the party plays the role of an organization member
relates a part of an organization to the larger entity
relates a party role to something or someone that it directs or administers in some way
primary performer in a relationship between parties, i.e., the party that does something, causes something to happen, or otherwise plays an agentive role in the relationship
Examples include owner, controlling party, beneficiary, guarantor, partner in a partnership, shareholder, etc.
ISO 14813-1:2015(en), Intelligent transport systems - Reference model architecture(s) for the ITS sector - Part 1: ITS service domains, service groups and services, clause 3.1
ISO 23234:2021(en), Buildings and civil engineering works - Security - Planning of security measures in the built environment, clause 3.4
ISO/TR 21965:2019(en), Information and documentation - Records management in enterprise architecture, clause 3.2.1
The concept of actor here is in a more linguistic sense, from core semantic theories reflecting actor/undergoer/null roles of an argument in an expression.
something autonomous that can adapt to and interact with its environment
Agents can be human beings, organizations, software agents, robots and living things other than plants. They are defined as having the following three important properties: autonomy, interactive behavior, and adaptability. (1) Autonomy - an agent is capable of acting without direct external intervention. This includes software or other agents that have some degree of control over their internal state and can act based on their own experiences. They can also possess their own set of internal responsibilities and capabilities that enable them to act without any external choreography. This definition excludes agents that act on on behalf of (or as a proxy for) some person or thing (see AgentRole). (2) Interactive behavior - they are capable of exchanging communicating with other things in their environment. This includes, in the case of software agents, messages that can support requests for services and other kinds of resources, as well as event detection and notification. They can be synchronous or asynchronous in nature. The interaction can also be conversational in nature, such as negotiating contracts, marketplace-style bidding, or simply making a query. (3) Adaptability - an agent is capable of responding to other agents and/or its environment. Agents can react to communications and events and then respond appropriately. Software agents can be designed to make difficult decisions and even modify their behavior based on their experiences. In other words, they can learn and evolve.
Note that this does not necessarily imply that an agent is free to act as it sees fit, without constraint. Rather, an agent in the sense meant here is something which may or may not be subject to controls and constraints but is self-actualizing in its behavior in response to any such constraints.
role played by an organization or individual that may be time bound
Examples include organization member, employee, issuer, owner, partner in a partnership, shareholder, and so forth.
Note that there may be cases where the identity of the party playing the role is not known, as well as cases where in some situation, such as ownership, there may be more than one party playing the role of owner.
The concept of a party role is used in contexts in which one would call someone a 'party to something', such as party to a contract or to a transaction, a supplier, buyer, customer, student, employee, and so forth. More specific roles such as those that are performed in the context of some activity or process are actors in that situation.
setting, state of being, or relationship that is relatively stable for some period of time
Examples include ownership, control, possession, affiliation, beneficial ownership, employment, and other similar situations.
From a usage perspective, situations are essentially reified relations, sometimes called mediating relationships.
ISO/IEC TR 29119-11:2020(en), Software and systems engineering - Software testing - Part 11: Guidelines on the testing of AI-based systems, clause 3.1.73
digital entity that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of successfully achieving its goals
something that plays the role of the object or recipient in a situation, i.e., the thing (or party) that the situation impacts, affects, or that otherwise plays a passive recipient / patient or thematic role
Examples include something that is owned or controlled.
indicates a situation in which the actor plays a primary role
relates an actor in a given situation to the undergoer that they affect under the circumstances
relates an actor in a given situation to the thing (or party) that they impact under the circumstances
relates something to a situation that affects them in some way
relates something directly to a party that drives a situation involving it
relates something to an actor that drives a situation involving it
relates a situation to the person or organization acting in a primary (agentive) role
relates a situation to something that is acting in a primary (agentive) role
identifies the primary party acting in a specific role with respect to a given situation
identifies a person or thing that is affected by, or is a secondary argument in a specific role with respect to a given relation or situation
identifies a party associated with an agreement, contract, policy, regulation, situation, or other arrangement
identifies a specific role played by some person or organization as related to a situation, agreement, contract, policy, regulation, activity or other relationship
relates a party acting in a specific role directly to another party acting in the same or another role
This property is intended as an abstract property, whose subproperties may or may not be symmetric, but could be inverses of one another.
identifies the person or thing that is being discussed, described, dealt with, or is the main topic in a specific role with respect to a given situation
identifies an experiencer / passive or other object role in a given situation
indicates a date period during which something is true
identifies an agreement, contract, policy, regulation, situation, or other arrangement that a party is associated with
relates an undergoer in a given situation to the actor that has an impact on them under the circumstances
relates an undergoer in a given situation to the person or organization that has an impact on them under the circumstances
relates a situation to something that is directly involved in or affected by it
indicates a situation in which the role is secondary, such as an experiencer or passive participant
relates a situation or constituency to something that is affected by, or is a secondary argument to in a specific role with respect to a given relation or situation
indicates a situation in which the role is the primary topic
relates a person or organization to a situation that they are directly involved in
relates something to a situation that it is directly involved in
relates a person or organization to an undergoer they have an impact on under the circumstances
relates a person or organization to something they have a direct impact on under the circumstances
relates something to a situation or constituency in which the role they play is secondary, such as an experiencer or passive participant
indicates a situation that the undergoer experiences
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.1
arbitrarily defined unit of measurement, where a relation of the unit to a physical unit of the SI does not exist or is unknown
Arbitrary units represent references to materials or procedures that are defined outside of the SI system. A quantity value is arbitrarily assigned to the reference preparation or the result of a measurement procedure, usually specific for a particular substance. This generally precludes comparability of quantity values across different systems and components for this type of units.
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.2
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.4
quantity in a conventionally chosen subset of a given system of quantities, where no quantity in the subset can be expressed in terms of the other quantities within that subset
The International System of Quantities (ISQ) comprises these base quantities (with their SI base measurement units): length (meter), mass (kilogram), duration (second), electric current (ampere), thermodynamic temperature (kelvin), amount of substance (mole), and luminous intensity (candela). These base quantities are not mutually comparable. All quantities of any one of these kinds are, however, mutually comparable.
The subset mentioned in the definition is termed the 'set of base quantities'. Base quantities are referred to as being mutually independent since a base quantity cannot be expressed as a product of powers of the other base quantities.
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.3
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.10
measurement unit that is defined by a system of units to be the reference measurement unit for a base quantity
In the SI, the meter is the base unit of length. In the CGS systems, the centimeter is the base unit of length.
In each coherent system of units, there is only one base unit for each base quantity. A base unit may also serve for a derived quantity of the same quantity dimension.
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.4
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.12
derived unit that, for a given system of quantities and for a chosen set of base units, is a product of powers of base units with no other proportionality factor than one
If the meter, the second, and the mole are base units, the mole per cubic meter is the coherent derived unit of amount-of-substance concentration when amount-of-substance concentration is defined by the quantity equation c = n/V. The kilometer per hour and the knot, given as examples of derived units, are not coherent derived units in such a system of quantities.
A power of a base unit is the base unit raised to an exponent. Coherence can be determined only with respect to a particular system of quantities and a given set of base units.
symbol that represents a value that does not change (i.e., is fixed) with respect to a formula or expression
derived unit that is defined with respect to another reference unit through an explicit conversion relationship
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.6
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.24
ratio of two measurement units for quantities of the same kind
measurement scale that represents a ratio scale with a periodic cycle
'cyclic degree' (to express planar angular measures) with modulus = 360 and unit 'degree'
'hour of day' with modulus = 24 and unit 'hour'
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.7
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.5
quantity, in a system of quantities, defined in terms of the base quantities of that system
In a system of quantities having the base quantities length and mass, mass density is a derived quantity defined as the quotient of mass and volume (length to the power three).
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.8
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.11
measurement unit for a derived quantity, i.e., one that is defined with respect to one or more base units, such as as a product of powers of one or more other measurement units
The meter per second, symbol m/s, and the centimeter per second, symbol cm/s, are derived units of speed in the SI. The kilometer per hour, symbol km/h, is a measurement unit of speed outside the SI but accepted for use with the SI. The knot, equal to one nautical mile per hour, is a measurement unit of speed outside the SI.
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.10
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.8
quantity for which all the exponents of the factors corresponding to the base quantities in its quantity dimension are zero
Plane angle, solid angle, refractive index, relative permeability, mass fraction, friction factor, Mach number
Some quantities of dimension one are defined as the ratios of two quantities of the same kind. The coherent derived unit is the number one, symbol 1.
The measurement units and values of quantities of dimension one are numbers, but such quantities convey more information than a number.
The term 'dimensionless quantity' is commonly used and is included for historical reasons. It stems from the fact that all exponents are zero in the symbolic representation of the dimension for such quantities. The term 'quantity of dimension one' reflects the convention in which the symbolic representation of the dimension for such quantities is the symbol 1. This dimension is not a number, but the neutral element for multiplication of dimensions.
finite combination of symbols that are well-formed according to applicable rules
number or quantity that when multiplied with another produces a given number or expression
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.6
system of quantities based on the seven base quantities: length, mass, time, electric current, thermodynamic temperature, amount of substance, and luminous intensity
The International System of Units (SI) is based on the ISQ.
This system of quantities is published in the ISO 80000 and IEC 80000 series Quantities and units, Parts 3 to 14.
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.16
system of units, based on the International System of Quantities, their names and symbols, including a series of prefixes and their names and symbols, together with rules for their use, adopted by the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM)
The SI is founded on the seven base quantities of the ISQ and the names and symbols of the corresponding base units. The base units and the coherent derived units of the SI form a coherent set, designated the 'set of coherent SI units'.
measurement scale that represents quantitative values and for which mode, median and mean can be calculated
Celsius and Fahrenheit are examples of interval scales: they represent equality or inequality among intervals of temperature, but not ratios of temperature, because their zero points are arbitrary. Rating scales, where it is assumed that the distances between the single expressions of evaluation (score) are equal, are also interval scales with no natural zero point.
Linear interval scales allow both multiplication by a positive number and a constant shift, e.g., the conversion from Celsius to Fahrenheit.
measurement scale on which the actual distance of a point from the scale's zero is proportional to the logarithm of the corresponding scale number rather than to the number itself
A logarithmic scale (or log scale) is a way of displaying numerical data over a very wide range of values in a compact way - typically the largest numbers in the data are hundreds or even thousands of times larger than the smallest numbers. Such a scale is nonlinear: the numbers 10 and 20, and 60 and 70, are not the same distance apart on a log scale. Rather, the numbers 10 and 100, and 60 and 600 are equally spaced. Thus moving a unit of distance along the scale means the number has been multiplied by 10 (or some other fixed factor).
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.14
something that reproduces or supplies one or more quantities, each with an assigned quantity value
amount or degree of something; the dimensions, capacity, or amount of something ascertained by measuring
Measure refers to the phenomenon or phenomena to be measured in a data set. In a data set, the instance of a measure is often called an observation.
procedure of a measurement according to one or more measurement principles (i.e. phenomena, observables) and a given measurement method, based on a measurement model and including any calculation to obtain a measurement result
Lowering of the concentration of glucose in blood in a fasting rabbit is an observable that can be applied to the measurement of insulin concentration in a preparation. Together with a description of the measurement method this can be used to define a measurement procedure.
A measurement procedure can include a statement concerning a target measurement uncertainty.
A measurement procedure is usually documented in sufficient detail to enable an operator to perform a measurement.
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.16
measurement unit, measurement procedure, reference material, or a combination of such
Note that the concept of a measurement reference is currently not defined in terms and definitions in the VIM standard, but rather in Note 2 on quantity.
International Vocabulary of Metrology - Basic and General Concepts and Associated Terms (VIM), Third Edition, JCGM 200:2012, available at https://www.bipm.org/documents/20126/2071204/JCGM_200_2012.pdf
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.27
ordered set of quantity values of quantities of a given kind of quantity used in ranking, according to magnitude, quantities of that kind
Note that the majority of scalar quantities can be expressed by just using a MeasurementUnit directly as its measurement reference. This implies expression of a scalar quantity value on a ratio scale. However, for full coverage of all quantity value expressions, additional explicit measurement scales with additional semantics are needed, such as ordinal scale, interval scale, ratio scale with additional limit values, cyclic ratio scale and logarithmic scale.
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.33
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.9
real scalar quantity, defined and adopted by convention, with which any other quantity of the same kind can be compared to express the ratio of the second quantity to the first one as a number
week, day, hour, minute, second, kilogram, joule, meter
A Unit is a quantity in terms of which the magnitudes of other quantities that have the same quantity kind can be stated. A unit often relies on precise and reproducible ways to measure the unit. For example, a unit of length such as meter may be specified as a multiple of a particular wavelength of light. A unit may also specify less stable or precise ways to express some value, such as a cost expressed in some currency, or a severity rating measured by a numerical scale.
Depending on the nature of the reference scale, the unit of measurement expression may stand either for a physical unit of measurement that is related to a system of quantities (e.g. SI units) or for an arbitrarily defined unit of measurement, which may refer to a certain reference material, a standard measurement procedure, a material measure or even to a combination of those.
For a given quantity, the short term 'unit' is often combined with the quantity name, such as 'mass unit' or 'unit of mass'.
Measurement units are designated by conventionally assigned names and symbols.
Measurement units of quantities of dimension one are numbers. In some cases, these measurement units are given special names, e.g. radian, steradian, and decibel, or are expressed by quotients such as millimole per mole equal to 10 to the power minus 3 and microgram per kilogram equal to 10 to the power minus 9.
Measurement units of quantities of the same quantity dimension may be designated by the same name and symbol even when the quantities are not of the same kind. For example, joule per kelvin and J/K are respectively the name and symbol of both a measurement unit of heat capacity and a measurement unit of entropy, which are generally not considered to be quantities of the same kind. However, in some cases special measurement unit names are restricted to be used with quantities of specific kind only. For example, the measurement unit 'second to the power minus one' (1/s) is called hertz (Hz) when used for frequencies and becquerel (Bq) when used for activities of radionuclides. As another example, the joule (J) is used as a unit of energy, but never as a unit of moment of force, i.e. the newton meter (N m).
measurement scale that represents objects as belonging to classes that have no particular order
Many nominal scales are qualitative in nature. A common example of a nominal scale is that of gender identity, which is a way of describing one's persistent inner concept of their gender. While the terminology from a psychological and medical perspective continues to evolve, the scale covers individuals who self identify as male or female as well as those that have a less determinant perspective, such as transsexual or non-binary.
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.28
quantity-value scale for ordinal quantities, i.e., one that represents order but no further algebraic structure
For example, the Mohs scale of mineral hardness represents minerals with numbers ranging from 1 (softest) to 10 (hardest), but there is no empirical significance to equality among intervals or ratios of those numbers.
An ordinal quantity-value scale may be established by measurements according to a measurement procedure.
Ordinal scales allow any transformation function as long as it is monotonic and increasing.
ratio value expressed as a fraction of 100, i.e., in which the denominator is fixed rather than variable and equal to 100
The percent value is computed by multiplying the numeric value of the ratio by 100.
While many percentage values are between 0 and 100, there is no mathematical restriction and percentages may take on other values (positive or negative), particularly in the case of comparisons (percent change).
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.21
unit of measurement that is defined using a physical quantity
Its definition relates measured quantities to the base quantities through a set of well-defined equations.
Physical units and their related scales are defined independently of the measurement procedure and the measured components. They relate to an internationally standardized system of units and equations governing the mathematical relations between those units.
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.22
named multiple or sub-multiple multiplication factor used in the specification of a derived unit
A prefix is a word or symbol for attachment to the name or symbol of a unit in order to form units that are multiples or sub-multiples of that unit.
A system of units may specify a set of prefixes.
conversion-based unit that is defined with respect to another measurement reference unit through a linear conversion relationship with a named prefix that represents a multiple or submultiple of a unit
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.9
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.7
expression of the dependence of a quantity on the base quantities of a system of quantities as a product of powers of factors corresponding to the base quantities, omitting any numerical factor
A power of a factor is the factor raised to an exponent. Each factor is the dimension of a base quantity.
In a given system of quantities, - quantities of the same kind have the same quantity dimension, - quantities of different quantity dimensions are always of different kinds, and - quantities having the same quantity dimension are not necessarily of the same kind.
In deriving the dimension of a quantity, no account is taken of its scalar, vector, or tensor character.
The conventional symbolic representation of the dimension of a base quantity is a single upper case letter in roman (upright) type. The conventional symbolic representation of the dimension of a derived quantity is the product of powers of the dimensions of the base quantities according to the definition of the derived quantity. The dimension of a quantity Q is denoted by dim Q.
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.12
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.2
aspect common to mutually comparable quantities
The quantities diameter, circumference, and wavelength are generally considered to be quantities of the same kind, namely, of the kind of quantity called length.
The quantities heat, kinetic energy, and potential energy are generally considered to be quantities of the same kind, namely, of the kind of quantity called energy.
The quantities moment of force and energy are, by convention, not regarded as being of the same kind, although they have the same dimension. Similarly for heat capacity and entropy, as well as for number of entities, relative permeability, and mass fraction.
Quantities of the same kind within a given system of quantities have the same quantity dimension. However, quantities of the same dimension are not necessarily of the same kind.
factor in a product of powers that defines a derived quantity
human-readable textual representation of the quantity
A number of systems of quantities and units encode a quantity, such as a unit of measure, via a generally accepted abbreviation. URIs representing such quantities are very useful in applications that require globally unique, machine readable names, but are less accessible to people. This concept is intended to provide the corresponding name for a given quantity in the context of a specific system of quantities and units for human consumption.
proportional relationship between two different quantity values that gives rise to a datum of a specific quantity kind
A ratio is a quantity measured with respect to some other quantity, or in mathematics a quotient of two numbers or expressions, arrived at by dividing one by the other.
measurement scale that represents quantitative values, allows comparison of differences in values, has a fixed zero value and is invariant under multiplication by a positive number
The Kelvin scale is a ratio scale, as are the familiar scales representing mass in kilograms, length in meters and duration in seconds.
ratio scale with additional limit values
measurement scale that that represents a ratio scale that has additional limit values
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.26
material, sufficiently homogeneous and stable with reference to specified properties, which has been established to be fit for its intended use in measurement or in examination of nominal properties
Some reference materials have assigned quantity values that are metrologically traceable to a measurement unit outside a system of units. Such materials include vaccines to which International Units (IU) have been assigned by the World Health Organization (WHO).
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.24
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.1
property of a phenomenon, body, or substance, where the property has a magnitude that can be expressed by means of a number and a reference
A quantity as defined in ISO 80000 is a scalar. However, a vector or a tensor, the components of which are quantities, is also considered to be a quantity.
A reference can be a measurement unit, a measurement procedure, a reference material, or a combination of such.
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clauses 3.1.19, 3.1.25
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.19
number and reference together expressing the magnitude of a quantity
According to the type of reference, a quantity value is either - a product of a number and a measurement unit; the measurement unit one is generally not indicated for quantities of dimension one, or - a number and a reference to a measurement procedure, or - a number and a reference material.
expression of the lowest possible value and/or highest possible value for some scalar quantity
system of quantities
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.29
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.3
set of quantities together with a set of non-contradictory equations relating those quantities
The International System of Quantities (ISQ) is an example of a SystemOfQuantities, defined in ISO 31 and ISO/IEC 80000.
Ordinal quantities, such as Rockwell C hardness, and nominal properties, such as color of light, are usually not considered to be part of a system of quantities because they are related to other quantities through empirical relations only.
ISO 11240 Health informatics - Identification of medicinal products - Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of units of measurement, clause 3.1.30
ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units - Part 1: General, clause 3.13
set of base units and derived units, together with their multiples and submultiples, defined in accordance with given rules, for a given system of quantities
sum of the values for some characteristic of all units
factor in a product of powers that defines a derived unit
symbol that represents a parameter in a formula or expression
specifies the calculation or expression used to determine the value of something
In cases where some expression can only be calculated in SPARQL or via rules, this property is useful for stating what that calculation should be using the input arguments to the expression.
specifies the quantity that some quantity value reflects
indicates a specific input to a function, formula or expression, also known as an independent variable
Note that this property and its subproperties apply in the context of quantities and units as well as statistical measures. They are not intended to support more general mathematics.
specifies the quantity value that is the part of a fraction 'below the line' and signifies the value by which the numerator should be divided
If a fraction is considered as an ordered pair, the denominator is the second argument of the fraction.
indicates a measurable extent associated with a given quantity kind in some system of quantities, which may be derived, depending on the choice of base quantity
indicates the number of times a number should be multiplied by itself
specifies a finite combination of symbols, including constants, variables that may be ordered via one or more operators, that is well-formed according to rules that depend on the language and context
indicates a number or quantity that when multiplied with another produces a given number or expression
indicates the numeric multiple or submultiple multiplication factor
specifies the quantity value that is the lower value of a pair of values representing a range
indicates the maximum allowed value for a measurement on the given scale
indicates the reference against which a quantity can be expressed with respect to a number
indicates the unit against which a quantity can be expressed in a quantity value
indicates the minimum allowed value for a measurement on the given scale
specifies the quantity value that is the part of a fraction 'above the line' and signifies the value to be divided by the denominator
If a fraction is considered as an ordered pair, the numerator is the first argument of the fraction.
indicates a particular magnitude or designation for a given observable characteristic that is a number
indicates the class of mutually comparable quantities involved in the definition of an individual quantity or factor
relates something (an expression, formula, etc.) to its magnitude expressed as a number together with its unit of measure (if applicable)
relates something (an expression, formula, etc.) to its magnitude expressed as range of numbers together with their unit(s) of measure (if applicable)
specifies the quantity value that is the higher value of a pair of values representing a range
indicates something from which the subject is obtained or determined
a derived quantity is derived from a base quantity; a derived unit is derived from a base unit
indicates whether something, such as a measurement scale, includes the absolute maximum permissive value or not
indicates whether something, such as a measurement scale, includes the absolute minimum permissive value or not
is the measure that the value represents
indicates something whose nature is more general (broader than) the subject
contextual identifier that is registered in a registry by, or on behalf of, a registration authority according to some registration scheme
role of a party that acts as a representative of a registration authority to provide registration services, including official record keeping
ISO/IEC 11179-3:2023, Information technology - Metadata registries (MDR) - Part 3: Metamodel for registry common facilities, Fourth edition, 2023
service provider that is officially responsible for maintaining a registry and providing registration services and/or for delegating of some or all of these roles to a registrar
scheme for organizing information in a registry and allocating identifiers to registered items
service provided to individuals and/or organizations for the registration of items in a registry
authoritative record or collection of records relating to something
Electronic registries typically contain a unique identifier for each entry, so that individual records can be referenced from other documents and registries.
constituent of a registry that includes the details for something recorded in that registry
Note: From an ISO 11179 perspective, a registry item (entry) is recorded in the registry, but is not necessarily identified, named, defined, classified, registered or administered. Specific information needs to be provided for each of these categories which can be provided when the item is initially recorded, or later.
indicates the registration authority for something
indicates the date or date and time on which something is registered
indicates the registration authority or registrar that registers something
indicates the registry that something is registered in
indicates something (typically an identifier or code) that the registration authority issues
records something in a registry or archive
jurisdiction
power of a court or regulatory agency to adjudicate cases, issue orders, and interpret and apply the law with respect to some specific geographic area
public authority or government agency responsible for exercising authority over something in a regulatory or supervisory capacity
See http://www.finra.org/AboutFINRA/ for an example describing a regulatory agency.
Typically, a regulatory agency is chartered to protect some constituancy, (e.g., investors in the financial industry, consumers with respect to product safety), to ensure the fairness and integrity of some market, and fair and safe business practices among the service providers in that market.
document required to support operational transparency that demonstrates compliance with some specification, law, policy, restriction, or other rule specified by a regulatory agency
Such a report may be needed for licensing, monitoring, taxation, or for other purposes that demonstrate the integrity, fairness, safety, or other capacity of a given industry, organization, or product.
service provided by a regulatory agency, which may include, but not be limited to, examination, monitoring, supervision, testing, or other capabilities required to ensure the integrity, fairness, safety, or other capacity of a given industry, organization, or product
relates a polity, government entity or regulatory agency to a jurisdiction over which it has some level of legal authority
indicates the geographic region covered by the jurisdiction
indicates the geopolitical region identifier for the jurisdiction in which something is applicable
relates a contract, agreement, jurisdiction, or other legal construct and the regulation, policy, procedure, or legal person that regulates or oversees (governs) it
relates a jurisdiction to a polity or other government entity or court that has some level of legal authority over it
indicates the jurisdiction whose laws a legal entity is organized under
indicates the jurisdiction in which a legal person is considered competent to enter into a contract, conduct business, or participate in other activities, or in which an agreement may be acknowledged and possibly enforceable
specifies a regulatory agency that has regulatory authority for something
has regulatory authority over or directs according to rule or law, typically an industry, organization, or product
distinct thing resulting from bringing together other things, possibly in specific roles, for a particular purpose
ISO/IEC 18384-1:2016, Information technology - Reference Architecture for Service Oriented Architecture (SOA RA) - Part 1: Terminology and concepts for SOA, clause 2.5 and ISO/IEC 18384-3:2016, Information technology - Reference Architecture for Service Oriented Architecture (SOA RA) - Part 3: Service Oriented Architecture ontology, clause 8.2
ISO/TS 19807-1:2019(en), Nanotechnologies - Magnetic nanomaterials - Part 1: Specification of characteristics and measurements for magnetic nanosuspensions, clause 3.4
The composition may be specified based on the roles that the things play in the composition, such as the roles that various ingredients play in a recipe or pharmaceutical product, and such things may or may not be transformed in some way through the process of combining them. Quantification including the nature and amount of each thing, potentially including the ratio of the quantities, may be required depending kind of composition.
The properties hasConstituent and hasRole are included in value restrictions rather than via number restrictions to facilitate their use in complex property chains and other axioms as needed for some applications.
role representing an underlying functionality that something, such as a person, organization, process, or service, is expected to perform or deliver
Functional roles can be assigned to be performed during an act.
ISO 21298:2017(en), Health informatics - Functional and structural roles, clause 3.9
ISO/IEC 19763-8:2015(en), Information technology - Metamodel framework for interoperability (MFI) - Part 8: Metamodel for role and goal model registration, clause 3.1.2
role that associates resources and participants to a structured set of activities involving various enterprise entities, that is designed and organised for a given purpose
ISO 12651-2:2014(en), Electronic document management - Vocabulary - Part 2: Workflow management, clause 3.33
ISO 18629-1:2004(en), Industrial automation systems and integration - Process specification language - Part 1: Overview and basic principles
named specific behavior of something participating in a particular context
ISO/IEC 19763-8:2015(en), Information technology - Metamodel framework for interoperability (MFI) - Part 8: Metamodel for role and goal model registration, clause 3.1.7
ISO 21298:2017(en), Health informatics - Functional and structural roles, clause 3.26
role specifying relations between entities in the sense of competence, often reflecting organizational or structural relations (hierarchies)
identifies something or someone playing a part in something, such as a composition
indicates something in which the role is realized, appears, or occurs
indicates something or someone, such as a person, organization, or other thing filling a role
A party, counterparty, or third party to a contract is played by an organization or person; an issuer of a financial instrument is typically played by an organization; an ingredient in a recipe may be played by a substance.
identifies something, such as a composition, situation, or contract, involving the role
indicates a role that realizes, displays, or shows something, typically in some context
indicates a part that someone or something plays under some circumstance
an organization may play the role of employer, issuer, regulatory agency, bank, custodian, manufacturer, vendor, etc.; a person may play the role of employee, examiner, banker, seller, buyer, etc.
something established to serve a particular purpose, make some course of action or operation easier, or provide some capability or service
A facility may be concrete (as in a manufacturing facility) or abstract. Concrete facilities may be permanent, semi-permanent, or temporary structures, providing one or more capabilities at a given site. A single site may include multiple facilities and a given facility may span multiple sites.
place, setting, or context in which something, such as a facility, is situated
Example facilities that may situated at some site include structures and buildings, an archeological dig, the landing location for an aircraft or spacecraft, and the site of a wound. A given site may accommodate multiple facilities.
A physical site has certain characteristics that contribute to the context it provides, including area, shape, accessibility, and in the case of a geographic site, landforms, soil and ground conditions, climate, and so forth.
unique identifier for a parcel issued for use in some jurisdiction
tract of land
geographic region that is a contiguous parcel or area of land within a larger region on the surface of the earth, typically defined by its boundaries as described in a deed, survey, or legal document
In some cases, such as in the case of unimproved land that may be owned by a government but without improvements, there may not be an address.
Such a description typically includes a detailed, quantitative specification for that region specified using a prescribed coordinate and/or mapping system and/or a narrative description, such as 'metes and bounds', which provides a qualitative, but less precise, legal description of the location. The system(s) used to describe the tract are specified in local, regional, and national law.
site where something happens, described in the context of an event, activity, or something else that occurs there
creates an environment or situation where something can occur or function efficiently
indicates something that occurs or functions efficiently due to
Something may be situated at some site, or in some setting, situation, or context.
indicates the place, setting, or context in which something is placed
ISO/IEC 11179-3 Information technology - Metadata registries (MDR) - Registry metamodel and basic attributes, Third edition, 2013-02-15
datatype that maps to xsd:string and rdf:langString base types for string-valued data properties and annotations
Text is data in the form of characters, symbols, words, phrases, paragraphs, sentences, tables, or other character arrangements, intended to convey a meaning, and whose interpretation is essentially based upon the reader's knowledge of some natural language or artificial language.
There are cases where the representation of certain features of something, such as a name, which might be multilingual or might not, defaults to rdfs:Literal when left unspecified, although it should be limited to plain strings or language-typed strings (i.e., exclude numbers, binary types, and so forth). There is no combined datatype available in RDF or OWL, however, which is the role that this datatype is intended to fulfill.
This composite datatype should be used in cases where a standard representation using one of the options in the union for string values does not work. Note that certain tools may not support rdf:langString, including, but not limited to some versions of Protege, and that custom datatypes are not supported in OWL 2 RL so it may need to be ignored or commented out in OWL 2 RL applications.
Commons users that depend on tools that lack support for rdf:langString may not want to use this datatype in their applications. Testing with specific reasoners, for example, is advised.
provides a string value for something, with or without a language tag
Note that although the intended range for this property is Text, we have left the range undefined so that it can be used with tools that do not support rdf:langString.
a digraph representing a country or geographic region
a trigraph representing a country or geographic region
a system that uses one or more numbers, or coordinates, to uniquely determine the position of a point or other geometric element on a planar or spherical surface
Without a concise definition of the coordinate system used to represent a point, it is difficult to change to a new coordinate system. Changing coordinate systems is required when integrating data from different sources into a common coordinate system.
a geopolitical entity representing a country or dependent territory
a geopolitical entity, typically a division of a country, dependency, or other area of special geopolitical interest related to a country or other geopolitical entity
a three-dimensional reference system that locates points on the Earth's surface
an area, especially part of a country or the world having definable characteristics but not always fixed boundaries
a string of letters assigned to a country or other geographic region for the purpose of uniquely representing it
a classification scheme for geographic regions, including but not limited to subdivisions of a geopolitical entity, (noting that there may be more than one kind for a given country or other entity)
any country, federal province, city or other administrative unit that represents a geophysical location and has some political identity
a place or position in time and/or space, including virtual place
a geopolitical entity, typically considered an area of special geopolitical interest, related to a country or other geopolitical entity
arranges in categories according to shared characteristics
the full name, if different from the short form of the country name, in lower case
the short form of the country name, in English
the short form of the country name, in English (capitals)
the short form of the country name, in French
the short form of the country name, in French (capitals)
the angle formed by the intersection of a line perpendicular to the Earth's surface at a point and the plane of the Equator
the local, regional, cultural, or indigenous short form of the country name
a maximum latitude with respect to a range
a maximum longitude with respect to a range
a minimum latitude with respect to a range
a minimum longitude with respect to a range
a three-digit numeric code assigned to a region according to some code set
For certain territories that do not have an alternate designation (i.e. country or country subdivision code in ISO 3166), the corresponding numeric code may have four digits.
remarks, such as other widely-used country names, names of geographically separated territories covered by the coding system, and so forth
indicates the classifier used to characterize something
indicates whether a geopolitical entity stands alone or is part of another country
relates something to another thing that it is some component or portion of, regardless of how that whole-part relationship is manifested, i.e., attached to the remainder or detached; cognitively salient or arbitrarily demarcated; self-connected or disconnected; homogeneous or gerrymandered; material or immaterial; extended or unextended; spatial or temporal; the most generic part relation, reflexive, asymmetric, and transitive
is employed in the process of accomplishing something
employs as a means of accomplishing some task or achieving some result
relates a country or geopolitical entity to an administrative language that entity uses for international communications
Alpha-2 country code for United Arab Emirates (the)
Alpha-2 country code for Antigua and Barbuda
Alpha-3 country code for United Arab Emirates (the)
Alpha-3 country code for French Southern Territories (the)
Alpha-3 country code for Antigua and Barbuda
Afghānistān
the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
Afghanistan
AFGHANISTAN
la République islamique d'Afghanistan
Afghanistan (l')
Åland
Åland Islands
ÅLAND ISLANDS
Åland(les Îles)
ÅLAND, ÎLES
No subdivisions relevant for this standard.
Shqipëria; Shqipëri
the Republic of Albania
Albania
ALBANIA
la République d'Albanie
Albanie (l')
ALBANIE
Al Jazā'ir
the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria
Algeria
ALGERIA
la République algérienne démocratique et populaire
Algérie (l')
ALGÉRIE
American Samoa
AMERICAN SAMOA
Samoa américaines (les)
SAMOA AMÉRICAINES
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as a subdivision of the United States (US-AS).
Principal island:Tutuila. Includes: Swain's Island
Andorra
the Principality of Andorra
ANDORRA
la Principauté d'Andorre
Andorre (l')
ANDORRE
Angola
the Republic of Angola
ANGOLA
la République d'Angola
Angola (l')
Anguilla
ANGUILLA
Antarctica
ANTARCTICA
Antarctique (l')
ANTARCTIQUE
Territories south of 60° south latitude.
Antigua and Barbuda
ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA
Antigua-et-Barbuda
ANTIGUA-ET-BARBUDA
Argentina (la)
the Argentine Republic
Argentina
ARGENTINA
la République argentine
Argentine (l')
ARGENTINE
Hayastan
the Republic of Armenia
Armenia
ARMENIA
la République d'Arménie
Arménie (l')
ARMÉNIE
Aruba
ARUBA
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as subdivision of Netherlands (NL-AW).
Australia
AUSTRALIA
Australie (l')
AUSTRALIE
Often referred to as the Commonwealth of Australia. Includes: Lord Howe Island, Macquarie Island; and also Ashmore and Cartier Islands, and Coral Sea Islands which are Australian external territories.
Österreich
the Republic of Austria
Austria
AUSTRIA
la République d'Autriche
Autriche (l')
AUTRICHE
Azərbaycan
the Republic of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
AZERBAIJAN
la République d'Azerbaïdjan
Azerbaïdjan (l')
AZERBAÏDJAN
Alpha-2 country code for Bosnia and Herzegovina
Alpha-3 country code for Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba
Alpha-3 country code for Bosnia and Herzegovina
Alpha-2 country code for Saint Barthélemy
Alpha-3 country code for Saint Barthélemy
Alpha-2 country code for Brunei Darussalam
Alpha-2 country code for Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Alpha-3 country code for Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Alpha-2 country code for Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba
Alpha-3 country code for Brunei Darussalam
Bahamas (the)
the Commonwealth of the Bahamas
BAHAMAS
le Commonwealth des Bahamas
Bahamas (les)
The island of New Providence, where the capital Nassau is located, is administered directly by the national government.
Al Baḩrayn
the Kingdom of Bahrain
Bahrain
BAHRAIN
le Royaume de Bahreïn
Bahreïn
BAHREÏN
Bāṁlādesh
the People's Republic of Bangladesh
Bangladesh
BANGLADESH
la République populaire du Bangladesh
Bangladesh (le)
Barbados
BARBADOS
Barbade (la)
BARBADE
Belarus'
Bielaruś
the Republic of Belarus
Belarus
BELARUS
la République du Bélarus
Bélarus (le)
BÉLARUS
Belgien
Belgique (la)
België
the Kingdom of Belgium
Belgium
BELGIUM
le Royaume de Belgique
BELGIQUE
Belize
BELIZE
Belize (le)
Bénin (le)
the Republic of Benin
Benin
BENIN
la République du Bénin
BÉNIN
Bermuda
BERMUDA
Bermudes (les)
BERMUDES
Druk-Yul
the Kingdom of Bhutan
Bhutan
BHUTAN
le Royaume du Bhoutan
Bhoutan (le)
BHOUTAN
Bolivia, Estado Plurinacional de
the country of Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
the Plurinational State of Bolivia
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
BOLIVIA (PLURINATIONAL STATE OF)
l'État plurinational de Bolivie
Bolivie (État plurinational de)
BOLIVIE (ÉTAT PLURINATIONAL DE)
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius en Saba
the country of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba
BONAIRE, SINT EUSTATIUS AND SABA
Bonaire, Saint-Eustache et Saba
BONAIRE, SAINT-EUSTACHE ET SABA
Included as a subdivision of the Netherlands (NL-BQ).
Often referred to as Caribbean Netherlands.
Bosna i Hercegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Bosnie-Herzégovine (la)
BOSNIE-HERZÉGOVINE
Herzegovina * is the second significant part of composite country name.
Botswana
the Republic of Botswana
BOTSWANA
la République du Botswana
Botswana (le)
Bouvetøya
Bouvet Island
BOUVET ISLAND
Bouvet (l'Île)
BOUVET, ÎLE
Brasil (o)
the Federative Republic of Brazil
Brazil
BRAZIL
la République fédérative du Brésil
Brésil (le)
BRÉSIL
Includes: Fernando de Noronha Island, Martim Vaz Islands, Trindade Island.
British Indian Ocean Territory (the)
the country of British Indian Ocean Territory (the)
BRITISH INDIAN OCEAN TERRITORY
le Territoire britannique de l'océan Indien
Indien (le Territoire britannique de l'océan)
OCÉAN INDIEN, TERRITOIRE BRITANNIQUE DE L'
Comprises: Chagos Archipelago (Principal island: Diego Garcia). No subdivision reported
Brunei Darussalam
BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
Brunéi Darussalam (le)
Bulgaria
the Republic of Bulgaria
BULGARIA
la République de Bulgarie
Bulgarie (la)
BULGARIE
Burkina Faso (le)
Burkina Faso
BURKINA FASO
le Burkina Faso
Burundi
Burundi (le)
the Republic of Burundi
BURUNDI
la République du Burundi
Alpha-3 country code for Central African Republic (the)
Alpha-2 country code for Cocos Keeling Islands
Alpha-3 country code for Cocos Keeling Islands
Alpha-2 country code for Congo Democratic Republic Of
Alpha-2 country code for Central African Republic (the)
Alpha-2 country code for Cook Islands (the)
Alpha-3 country code for Congo Democratic Republic Of
Alpha-3 country code for Cook Islands (the)
Alpha-2 country code for Christmas Island
Alpha-3 country code for Christmas Island
Alpha-3 country code for Cayman Islands (the)
Cabo Verde
the Republic of Cabo Verde
CABO VERDE
la République du Cabo Verde
Principal islands: São Tiago, São Vicente.
Kâmpŭchéa
the Kingdom of Cambodia
Cambodia
CAMBODIA
le Royaume du Cambodge
Cambodge (le)
CAMBODGE
Cameroon
Cameroun (le)
the Republic of Cameroon
CAMEROON
la République du Cameroun
CAMEROUN
Canada
Canada (le)
CANADA
Cayman Islands (the)
CAYMAN ISLANDS
Caïmans (les Îles)
CAÏMANS, ÎLES
Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka
République centrafricaine (la)
the country of Central African Republic (the)
the Central African Republic
Central African Republic (the)
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
la République centrafricaine
CENTRAFRICAINE, RÉPUBLIQUE
Tchad (le)
Tshād
the Republic of Chad
Chad
CHAD
la République du Tchad
TCHAD
Chile
the Republic of Chile
CHILE
la République du Chili
Chili (le)
CHILI
Includes: Easter Island, Juan Fernández Islands, Sala y Gómez Island, San Ambrosio Island, San Félix Island.
Zhongguo
the People's Republic of China
China
CHINA
la République populaire de Chine
Chine (la)
CHINE
Christmas Island
CHRISTMAS ISLAND
Christmas (l'Île)
CHRISTMAS, ÎLE
Cocos (Keeling) Islands (the)
COCOS (KEELING) ISLANDS
Cocos (les Îles)/ Keeling (les Îles)
COCOS (KEELING), ÎLES
Colombia
the Republic of Colombia
COLOMBIA
la République de Colombie
Colombie (la)
COLOMBIE
Includes: Malpelo Island, San Andrés y Providencia Islands.
Al Qamar
Comores (les)
the Union of the Comoros
Comoros (the)
COMOROS
l'Union des Comores
COMORES
Comprises: Anjouan, Grande Comore, Mohéli. The language code "002" refers to the administrative language "Shikomor" that has not been assigned an ISO 639 language code.
The language code "002" refers to the administrative language "Shikomor" that has not been assigned an ISO 639 language code.
Congo (le)
the Republic of the Congo
Congo (the)
CONGO
la République du Congo
Congo (la République démocratique du)
the country of Congo Democratic Republic Of
the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Congo (the Democratic Republic of the)
CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE
la République démocratique du Congo
CONGO, RÉPUBLIQUE DÉMOCRATIQUE DU
Remark: Ex Zaire/Zaïre, change of name 1997-05-17
Cook Islands (the)
COOK ISLANDS
Cook (les Îles)
COOK, ÎLES
Costa Rica
the Republic of Costa Rica
COSTA RICA
la République du Costa Rica
Costa Rica (le)
Côte d'Ivoire (la)
the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire
Côte d'Ivoire
CÔTE D'IVOIRE
la Republic de Côte d'Ivoire
Hrvatska
the Republic of Croatia
Croatia
CROATIA
la République de Croatie
Croatie (la)
CROATIE
Cuba
the Republic of Cuba
CUBA
la République de Cuba
Curaçao
CURAÇAO
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as subdivision of Netherlands (NL-CW).
Kýpros
Kıbrıs
the Republic of Cyprus
Cyprus
CYPRUS
la République de Chypre
Chypre
CHYPRE
CzechRepublic is supported as legacy identifier for Czechia
Česko
the Czech Republic
Czechia
CZECHIA
la République tchèque
Tchéquie (la)
TCHÉQUIE (LA)
Alpha-2 country code for Dominican Republic (the)
Alpha-3 country code for Dominican Republic (the)
Danmark
the Kingdom of Denmark
Denmark
DENMARK
le Royaume du Danemark
Danemark (le)
DANEMARK
Djibouti
Jībūtī
the Republic of Djibouti
DJIBOUTI
la République de Djibouti
Dominica
the Commonwealth of Dominica
DOMINICA
le Commonwealth de Dominique
Dominique (la)
DOMINIQUE
República Dominicana (la)
the Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic (the)
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
la République dominicaine
dominicaine (la République)
DOMINICAINE, RÉPUBLIQUE
Alpha-2 country code for Western Sahara*
Alpha-3 country code for Western Sahara*
Ecuador (el)
the Republic of Ecuador
Ecuador
ECUADOR
la République d'Équateur
Équateur (l')
ÉQUATEUR
Mişr
the Arab Republic of Egypt
Egypt
EGYPT
la République arabe d'Égypte
Égypte (l')
ÉGYPTE
El Salvador
the Republic of El Salvador
EL SALVADOR
la République d'El Salvador
Guinea Ecuatorial
Guiné Equatorial (a)
Guinée équatoriale (la)
the Republic of Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea
EQUATORIAL GUINEA
la République de Guinée équatoriale
GUINÉE ÉQUATORIALE
Comprises: Annobón Island, Bioko Island, the Continental Region (Rio Muni).
Eritrea
Iertra
Irītrīyā
the State of Eritrea
ERITREA
l'État d'Érythrée
Érythrée (l')
ÉRYTHRÉE
Eesti
the Republic of Estonia
Estonia
ESTONIA
la République d'Estonie
Estonie (l')
ESTONIE
Eswatini
eSwatini
the Kingdom of Eswatini
ESWATINI
le Royaume d’Eswatini
Eswatini (l')
Ītyop'iya
the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Ethiopia
ETHIOPIA
la République fédérale démocratique d'Éthiopie
Éthiopie (l')
ÉTHIOPIE
Alpha-2 country code for Falkland Islands (the) [Malvinas]
Alpha-3 country code for Falkland Islands (the) [Malvinas]
Alpha-2 country code for Micronesia (Federated States of)
Alpha-2 country code for Faroe Islands (the)
Alpha-3 country code for Faroe Islands (the)
Alpha-3 country code for Micronesia (Federated States of)
Falkland Islands (the) [Malvinas]
the country of Falkland Islands (the) [Malvinas]
FALKLAND ISLANDS (MALVINAS)
Falkland (les Îles)/Malouines (les Îles)
FALKLAND, ÎLES (MALVINAS)
Færøerne
Føroyar
Faroe Islands (the)
FAROE ISLANDS
Féroé (les Îles)
FÉROÉ, ÎLES
Fiji
Viti
the Republic of Fiji
FIJI
la République des Fidji
Fidji (les)
FIDJI
Principal islands: Vanua Levu, Viti Levu. Includes Rotuma Island.
Finland
Suomi
the Republic of Finland
FINLAND
la République de Finlande
Finlande (la)
FINLANDE
France (la)
the French Republic
France
FRANCE
la République française
Comprises: Metropolitan France, French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, La Réunion, Mayotte, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, French Polynesia, French Southern Territories, New Caledonia, Wallis and Futuna. Includes: Clipperton Island.
Guyane française (la )
French Guiana
FRENCH GUIANA
GUYANE FRANÇAISE
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as subdivision of France (FR-GF).
Polynésie française (la)
French Polynesia
FRENCH POLYNESIA
POLYNÉSIE FRANÇAISE
Comprises: Austral Islands, Gambier Islands, Marquesas Islands, Society Archipelago (Principal island: Tahiti), Tuamotu Islands.
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as a subdivision of France (FR-PF).
Terres australes françaises (les)
the country of French Southern Territories (the)
French Southern Territories (the)
FRENCH SOUTHERN TERRITORIES
TERRES AUSTRALES FRANÇAISES
Comprises: Amsterdam Island, Crozet Archipelago, Kerguelen Islands, Saint Paul Island and French scattered Indian Ocean Islands formed by Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island and Tromelin Island.
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as subdivision of France (FR-TF).
Alpha-2 country code for United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Alpha-3 country code for United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Alpha-3 country code for Equatorial Guinea
Alpha-2 country code for Equatorial Guinea
Alpha-2 country code for South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
Gabon (le)
the Gabonese Republic
Gabon
GABON
la République gabonaise
Gambia (the)
the Republic of the Gambia
GAMBIA
la République de Gambie
Gambie (la)
GAMBIE
Sakartvelo
Georgia
GEORGIA
Géorgie (la)
GÉORGIE
The code GE was formerly used for the Gilbert and Ellice Islands (GE, GEL, --) and has been reused and reassigned to Georgia. See also code element GEKI.
Deutschland
the Federal Republic of Germany
Germany
GERMANY
la République fédérale d'Allemagne
Allemagne (l')
ALLEMAGNE
Ghana
the Republic of Ghana
GHANA
la République du Ghana
Ghana (le)
Gibraltar
GIBRALTAR
Elláda
the Hellenic Republic
Greece
GREECE
la République hellénique
Grèce (la)
GRÈCE
Grønland
Kalaallit Nunaat
Greenland
GREENLAND
Groenland (le)
GROENLAND
Grenada
GRENADA
Grenade (la)
GRENADE
Includes: Southern Grenadine Islands (Principal island: Carriacou).
Guadeloupe (la)
Guadeloupe
GUADELOUPE
Includes: la Désirade, Marie-Galante, les Saintes.
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as subdivision of France (FR-GP).
Guam
GUAM
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as subdivision of the United States (US-GU).
Guatemala
the Republic of Guatemala
GUATEMALA
la République du Guatemala
Guatemala (le)
Guernesey
Guernsey
GUERNSEY
GUERNESEY
The Bailiwick of Guernsey also includes the islands of Alderney, Brecqhou, Burhou, Herm, Jethou, Lihou, Little Sark, and Sark.
Guinée (la)
the Republic of Guinea
Guinea
GUINEA
la République de Guinée
GUINÉE
Guiné-Bissau (a)
the Republic of Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau
GUINEA-BISSAU
la République de Guinée-Bissau
Guinée-Bissau (la)
GUINÉE-BISSAU
Guyana
the Co-operative Republic of Guyana
GUYANA
la République coopérative du Guyana
Guyana (le)
Alpha-2 country code for Heard Island and McDonald Islands
Alpha-3 country code for Heard Island and McDonald Islands
Ayiti
Haïti
the Republic of Haiti
Haiti
HAITI
la République d'Haïti
HAÏTI
Heard Island and McDonald Islands
the country of Heard Island and McDonald Islands
HEARD ISLAND AND MCDONALD ISLANDS
ll'Île Heard-et-Îles MacDonald
Heard-et-Îles MacDonald (l'Île)
HEARD-ET-ÎLES MACDONALD, ÎLE
Sancta Sedes
Santa Sede (la)
Holy See (the)
HOLY SEE
Saint-Siège (le)
SAINT-SIÈGE
Previous entry: VATICAN CITY STATE (HOLY SEE).
Honduras
the Republic of Honduras
HONDURAS
la République du Honduras
Honduras (le)
Hong Kong
Xianggang
the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
HONG KONG
Hong Kong, Région administrative spéciale de Chine (la)
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as subdivision of China (CN-HK).
Magyarország
Hungary
HUNGARY
Hongrie (la)
HONGRIE
Alpha-2 country code for British Indian Ocean Territory (the)
Alpha-3 country code for British Indian Ocean Territory (the)
Alpha-2 country code for Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Alpha-3 country code for Iran (Islamic Republic of)
the set of country identifiers that comprise the 2 character codes in the ISO 3166-1 specification
the set of country identifiers that comprise the 3 character codes in the ISO 3166-1 specification
the set of language identifiers that comprise the ISO 639-3 specification
Ísland
the Republic of Iceland
Iceland
ICELAND
la République d'Islande
Islande (l')
ISLANDE
Remark: The Icelandic characters ð (eze) and þ (thorn) may be written as “dh” and “th”.
Bhārat
India
the Republic of India
INDIA
la République de l'Inde
Inde (l')
INDE
Includes: Amindivi Islands, Andaman Islands, Laccadive Islands, Minicoy Island, Nicobar Islands.
Remark: the forms used in the list are English-language forms provided by India.
Indonesia
the Republic of Indonesia
INDONESIA
la République d'Indonésie
Indonésie (l')
INDONÉSIE
Jomhūrī-ye Eslāmī-ye Īrān
the country of Iran (Islamic Republic of)
the Islamic Republic of Iran
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF)
la République islamique d'Iran
Iran (République Islamique d')
IRAN (RÉPUBLIQUE ISLAMIQUE D')
Al ‘Irāq
‘Êraq
the Republic of Iraq
Iraq
IRAQ
la République d'Iraq
Iraq (l')
Kurdish and Arabic are both official languages according to the Iraqi constitution, which states “The federal and official institutions and agencies in the Kurdistan region shall use both languages.”
Ireland
Éire
IRELAND
Irlande (l')
IRLANDE
Isle of Man
ISLE OF MAN
Île de Man
ÎLE DE MAN
Isrā'īl
Yisra'el
the State of Israel
Israel
ISRAEL
l'État d'Israël
Israël
ISRAËL
Italia (l')
the Republic of Italy
Italy
ITALY
la République italienne
Italie (l')
ITALIE
Jamaica
JAMAICA
Jamaïque (la)
JAMAÏQUE
Nihon/Nippon
Japan
JAPAN
Japon (le)
JAPON
Jersey
JERSEY
Al Urdun
the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Jordan
JORDAN
le Royaume hachémite de Jordanie
Jordanie (la)
JORDANIE
Alpha-2 country code for Saint Kitts and Nevis
Alpha-3 country code for Saint Kitts and Nevis
Alpha-3 country code for Korea Republic Of
Alpha-2 country code for Korea Democratic Peoples Republic Of
Alpha-2 country code for Korea Republic Of
Alpha-2 country code for Cayman Islands (the)
Kazahstan
Qazaqstan
the Republic of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
KAZAKHSTAN
la République du Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan (le)
Kenya
the Republic of Kenya
KENYA
la République du Kenya
Kenya (le)
Kiribati
the Republic of Kiribati
KIRIBATI
la République de Kiribati
Comprises: Gilbert Islands (Principal atoll: Tarawa, including Banaba), part of Line Islands (including Kiritimati), Phoenix Islands (including Abariringa, Enderbury Island).
Chosŏn
the country of Korea Democratic Peoples Republic Of
the Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Korea (the Democratic People's Republic of)
KOREA (DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF)
la République populaire démocratique de Corée
Corée (la République populaire démocratique de)
CORÉE, RÉPUBLIQUE POPULAIRE DÉMOCRATIQUE DE
Hanguk
the Republic of Korea
Korea (the Republic of)
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
la République de Corée
Corée (la République de)
CORÉE, RÉPUBLIQUE DE
Al Kuwayt
the State of Kuwait
Kuwait
KUWAIT
l'État du Koweït
Koweït (le)
KOWEÏT
Kyrgyzstan
the Kyrgyz Republic
KYRGYZSTAN
la République kirghize
Kirghizistan (le)
KIRGHIZISTAN
Alpha-2 country code for Lao People's Democratic Republic (the)
Alpha-3 country code for Lao People's Democratic Republic (the)
Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxôn Lao
the country of Lao People's Democratic Republic (the)
the Lao People's Democratic Republic
Lao People's Democratic Republic (the)
LAO PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
la République démocratique populaire lao
Lao (la République démocratique populaire)
LAO, RÉPUBLIQUE DÉMOCRATIQUE POPULAIRE
Latvija
the Republic of Latvia
Latvia
LATVIA
la République de Lettonie
Lettonie (la)
LETTONIE
Lubnān
the Lebanese Republic
Lebanon
LEBANON
la République libanaise
Liban (le)
LIBAN
Lesotho
the Kingdom of Lesotho
LESOTHO
le Royaume du Lesotho
Lesotho (le)
Liberia
the Republic of Liberia
LIBERIA
la République du Libéria
Libéria (le)
LIBÉRIA
Lībiyā
the State of Libya
Libya
LIBYA
l'État de Libye
Libye (la)
LIBYE
The subdivision category sha‘bīyah (popularate) is no longer used since the fall of Gaddafi. The word Muḩāfaz̧ah governorate is now sometimes used instead for these subdivisions of Libya, which are those pre-2011. The unrest in Libya means that there is no recognised current administrative structure.
Liechtenstein
the Principality of Liechtenstein
LIECHTENSTEIN
la Principauté du Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein (le)
Lietuva
the Republic of Lithuania
Lithuania
LITHUANIA
la République de Lituanie
Lituanie (la)
LITUANIE
Luxembourg (le)
Luxemburg
Lëtzebuerg
the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Luxembourg
LUXEMBOURG
le Grand-Duché de Luxembourg
Alpha-3 country code for Saint Martin (French part)
Alpha-2 country code for Moldova (the Republic of)
Alpha-3 country code for Moldova (the Republic of)
Alpha-2 country code for Saint Martin (French part)
Alpha-2 country code for Marshall Islands (the)
Alpha-3 country code for Marshall Islands (the)
Alpha-2 country code for North Macedonia
Alpha-3 country code for North Macedonia
Alpha-3 country code for Northern Mariana Islands (the)
Alpha-2 country code for Northern Mariana Islands (the)
Aomen
Macau
Macao Special Administrative Region of China
Macao
MACAO
Macao, Région administrative spéciale de Chine
Subdivision in 2 districts, distrito (pt), which is not relevant for this part of ISO 3166. Included also as a subdivision of China (CN-MO).
Madagascar
Madagasikara
the Republic of Madagascar
MADAGASCAR
la République de Madagascar
Malawi
Malaŵi
the Republic of Malawi
MALAWI
la République du Malawi
Malawi (le)
Malaysia
MALAYSIA
Malaisie (la)
MALAISIE
Comprises: Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak.
Dhivehi Raajje
the Republic of Maldives
Maldives
MALDIVES
la République des Maldives
Maldives (les)
Mali (le)
the Republic of Mali
Mali
MALI
la République du Mali
Malta
the Republic of Malta
MALTA
la République de Malte
Malte
MALTE
Aelōn̄ in M̧ajeļ
Marshall Islands (the)
the Republic of the Marshall Islands
MARSHALL ISLANDS
la République des Îles Marshall
Marshall (les Îles)
MARSHALL, ÎLES
Principal atolls: Jaluit, Kwajalein, Majuro.
Martinique (la)
Martinique
MARTINIQUE
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as a subdivision of France (FR-MQ).
Mūrītāniyā
the Islamic Republic of Mauritania
Mauritania
MAURITANIA
la République islamique de Mauritanie
Mauritanie (la)
MAURITANIE
Mauritius
the Republic of Mauritius
MAURITIUS
la République de Maurice
Maurice
MAURICE
Includes: Agalega Islands, Cargados Carajos Shoals, Rodrigues Island.
Mayotte
MAYOTTE
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as a subdivision of France (FR-YT).
México
the United Mexican States
Mexico
MEXICO
les États-Unis du Mexique
Mexique (le)
MEXIQUE
Micronesia (Federated States of)
the country of Micronesia (Federated States of)
the Federated States of Micronesia
MICRONESIA (FEDERATED STATES OF)
les États fédérés de Micronésie
Micronésie (États fédérés de)
MICRONÉSIE (ÉTATS FÉDÉRÉS DE)
Comprises: Caroline Islands (except PALAU, see separate entry). Principal islands: Chuuk, Kosrae, Pohnpei, YapChuuk, Kosrae, Pohnpei, Yap.
Republica Moldova
the country of Moldova (the Republic of)
the Republic of Moldova
Moldova (the Republic of)
MOLDOVA, REPUBLIC OF
la République de Moldova
Moldova (la République de)
MOLDOVA, RÉPUBLIQUE DE
Monaco
the Principality of Monaco
MONACO
la Principauté de Monaco
Mongol
Mongolia
MONGOLIA
Mongolie (la)
MONGOLIE
Montenegro
MONTENEGRO
Monténégro (le)
MONTÉNÉGRO
Montenegro was formerly part of former entries: YUGOSLAVIA (YU, YUG, 891) then SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO (CS, SCG, 891).
Montserrat
MONTSERRAT
Al Maghrib
the Kingdom of Morocco
Morocco
MOROCCO
le Royaume du Maroc
Maroc (le)
MAROC
Remark: Entries followed by "(EH)" are located partially or fully in the territory of Western Sahara (ISO 3166 alpha-2 code element EH).
Moçambique
the Republic of Mozambique
Mozambique
MOZAMBIQUE
la République du Mozambique
Mozambique (le)
Myanma
the Republic of the Union of Myanmar
Myanmar
MYANMAR
la République de l'Union du Myanmar
Myanmar (le)
Remark: the forms used in the list are English-language forms provided by Myanmar.
Alpha-2 country code for Netherlands (the)
Alpha-3 country code for Netherlands (the)
Namibia
the Republic of Namibia
NAMIBIA
la République de Namibie
Namibie (la)
NAMIBIE
Naoero
Nauru
the Republic of Nauru
NAURU
la République de Nauru
Nepāl
Nepal
NEPAL
Népal (le)
NÉPAL
In September 2015 Nepal created a new federal structure consisting of 7 provinces. Until now only two of these provinces have names. The rest are identified by numbers only. These provinces should replace the zones and development regions but this has not yet been fully implemented.
Nederland
the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Netherlands (the)
NETHERLANDS
le Royaume des Pays-Bas
Pays-Bas (les)
PAYS-BAS
Includes: the islands Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba.
Nouvelle-Calédonie (la)
New Caledonia
NEW CALEDONIA
NOUVELLE-CALÉDONIE
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as a subdivision of France (FR-NC).
Aotearoa
New Zealand
NEW ZEALAND
Nouvelle-Zélande (la)
NOUVELLE-ZÉLANDE
Includes: Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Campbell Island, Chatham Islands, Kermadec Islands.
Nicaragua
the Republic of Nicaragua
NICARAGUA
la République du Nicaragua
Nicaragua (le)
Niger (le)
the Republic of the Niger
Niger (the)
NIGER
la République du Niger
Nigeria
the Federal Republic of Nigeria
NIGERIA
la République fédérale du Nigéria
Nigéria (le)
NIGÉRIA
Niue
NIUE
Norfolk Island
NORFOLK ISLAND
Norfolk (l'Île)
NORFOLK, ÎLE
Severna Makedonija
the Republic of North Macedonia
North Macedonia
NORTH MACEDONIA
la République de Macédoine du Nord
Macédoine du Nord (la)
MACÉDOINE DU NORD
Northern Mariana Islands (the)
the country of Northern Mariana Islands (the)
the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS
les Îles Mariannes du Nord
Mariannes du Nord (les Îles)
MARIANNES DU NORD, ÎLES
Comprises: Mariana Islands (except GUAM, see separate entry). (Principal island: Saipan).
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as a subdivision of the United States (US-MP).
Noreg
Norge
the Kingdom of Norway
Norway
NORWAY
le Royaume de Norvège
Norvège (la)
NORVÈGE
‘Umān
the Sultanate of Oman
Oman
OMAN
le Sultanat d'Oman
Includes: part of the Musandam Peninsula.
Alpha-2 country code for French Polynesia
Alpha-2 country code for Papua New Guinea
Alpha-2 country code for Philippines (the)
Alpha-3 country code for Philippines (the)
Alpha-2 country code for Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Alpha-3 country code for Papua New Guinea
Alpha-3 country code for Korea Democratic Peoples Republic Of
Alpha-2 country code for Palestine, State of
Alpha-3 country code for Palestine, State of
Alpha-3 country code for French Polynesia
Pakistan
Pākistān
the Islamic Republic of Pakistan
PAKISTAN
la République islamique du Pakistan
Pakistan (le)
Palau
the Republic of Palau
PALAU
la République des Palaos
Palaos (les)
PALAOS
Comprises: the west part of the Caroline Islands (Principal island: Babelthuap).
Dawlat Filasţīn
the State of Palestine
Palestine, State of
PALESTINE, STATE OF
l'État de Palestine
Palestine, État de
PALESTINE, ÉTAT DE
Panamá
the Republic of Panama
Panama
PANAMA
la République du Panama
Panama (le)
Papua New Guinea
Papuaniugini
the Independent State of Papua New Guinea
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
l'État indépendant de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée
Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée (la)
PAPOUASIE-NOUVELLE-GUINÉE
Includes: Bismarck Archipelago, Northern Solomon Islands (Principal island: Bougainville).
Paraguay
Paraguay (el)
the Republic of Paraguay
PARAGUAY
la République du Paraguay
Paraguay (le)
Perú
Perú (el)
the Republic of Peru
Peru
PERU
la République du Pérou
Pérou (le)
PÉROU
Philippines (the)
Pilipinas
the Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINES
la République des Philippines
Philippines (les)
Pitcairn
PITCAIRN
Includes: Ducie Island, Henderson Island, Oeno Island.
Polska
the Republic of Poland
Poland
POLAND
la République de Pologne
Pologne (la)
POLOGNE
Portugal
the Portuguese Republic
PORTUGAL
la République portugaise
Portugal (le)
Puerto Rico
PUERTO RICO
Porto Rico
PORTO RICO
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as a subdivision of the United States (US-PR).
Qaţar
the State of Qatar
Qatar
QATAR
l'État du Qatar
Qatar (le)
Alpha-2 country code for Russian Federation (the)
Alpha-3 country code for Russian Federation (the)
Réunion (La)
Réunion
RÉUNION
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as a subdivision of France (FR-RE).
România
Romania
ROMANIA
Roumanie (la)
ROUMANIE
Rossijskaja Federacija
the Russian Federation
Russian Federation (the)
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
la Fédération de Russie
Russie (la Fédération de)
RUSSIE, FÉDÉRATION DE
Rwanda
Rwanda (le)
the Republic of Rwanda
RWANDA
la République du Rwanda
Alpha-2 country code for Solomon Islands
Alpha-3 country code for South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
Alpha-2 country code for Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
Alpha-3 country code for Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
Alpha-2 country code for Svalbard and Jan Mayen
Alpha-3 country code for Svalbard and Jan Mayen
Alpha-3 country code for Solomon Islands
Alpha-3 country code for Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Alpha-2 country code for Sao Tome and Principe
Alpha-3 country code for Sao Tome and Principe
Alpha-2 country code for Sint Maarten (Dutch part)
Alpha-3 country code for Sint Maarten (Dutch part)
Alpha-2 country code for Syrian Arab Republic (the)
Alpha-3 country code for Syrian Arab Republic (the)
Saint-Barthélemy
Saint Barthélemy
SAINT BARTHÉLEMY
SAINT-BARTHÉLEMY
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as subdivision of France (FR-BL).
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
the country of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
Sainte-Hélène, Ascension et Tristan da Cunha
Comprises: Saint Helena Island, Ascension Island, Tristan da Cunha Archipelago (Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, Nightingale Island and Stoltenhoff Island).
Saint Kitts and Nevis
SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS
Saint-Kitts-et-Nevis
SAINT-KITTS-ET-NEVIS
Saint Lucia
SAINT LUCIA
Sainte-Lucie
SAINTE-LUCIE
Saint-Martin (partie française)
the country of Saint Martin (French part)
Saint Martin (French part)
SAINT MARTIN (FRENCH PART)
SAINT-MARTIN (PARTIE FRANÇAISE)
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as subdivision of France (FR-MF).
The island of Saint Martin is divided into the northern French part and the southern Dutch part.
Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon
the country of Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
SAINT PIERRE AND MIQUELON
SAINT-PIERRE-ET-MIQUELON
Miquelon * is the second significant part of composite country name.
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as a subdivision of France (FR-PM).
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
the country of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES
Saint-Vincent-et-les Grenadines
SAINT-VINCENT-ET-LES GRENADINES
Comprises: Northern Grenadine Islands (Principal island: Bequia), Saint Vincent Island.
Samoa
the Independent State of Samoa
SAMOA
l'État indépendant du Samoa
Samoa (le)
San Marino
the Republic of San Marino
SAN MARINO
la République de Saint-Marin
Saint-Marin
SAINT-MARIN
São Tomé e Príncipe
the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe
Sao Tome and Principe
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
la République démocratique de Sao Tomé-et-Principe
Sao Tomé-et-Principe
SAO TOMÉ-ET-PRINCIPE
Príncipe* is the second significant part of composite country name.
As Su‘ūdīyah
the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia
SAUDI ARABIA
le Royaume d'Arabie saoudite
Arabie saoudite (l')
ARABIE SAOUDITE
Sénégal (le)
the Republic of Senegal
Senegal
SENEGAL
la République du Sénégal
SÉNÉGAL
Srbija
the Republic of Serbia
Serbia
SERBIA
la République de Serbie
Serbie (la)
SERBIE
Serbia was formerly part of former entries: YUGOSLAVIA (YU, YUG, 891) then SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO (CS, SCG, 891).
Part of ISO 639-3, not otherwise represented in OMG ontologies
Seselwa Creole French
créole seselwa
Seychelles
Seychelles (les)
the Republic of Seychelles
SEYCHELLES
la République des Seychelles
Principal island: Mahé; includes Aldabra Islands, Amirante Islands, Cosmoledo Islands, Farquhar Islands.
Shikomor
comorien
Sierra Leone
the Republic of Sierra Leone
SIERRA LEONE
la République de Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone (la)
Chiṅkappūr
Singapore
Singapura
Xinjiapo
the Republic of Singapore
SINGAPORE
la République de Singapour
Singapour
SINGAPOUR
Sint Maarten
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)
the country of Sint Maarten (Dutch part)
SINT MAARTEN (DUTCH PART)
Saint-Martin (partie néerlandaise)
SAINT-MARTIN (PARTIE NÉERLANDAISE)
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as subdivision of Netherlands (NL-SX).
Slovensko
the Slovak Republic
Slovakia
SLOVAKIA
la République slovaque
Slovaquie (la)
SLOVAQUIE
Code element SK was formerly used for Sikkim (SK, SKM, --), now part of the entry for India (IN, IND, 356), was reused for Slovakia. See aslo code element SKIN.
Slovenija
the Republic of Slovenia
Slovenia
SLOVENIA
la République de Slovénie
Slovénie (la)
SLOVÉNIE
Solomon Islands
SOLOMON ISLANDS
les Îles Salomon
Salomon (les Îles)
SALOMON, ÎLES
Comprises: Santa Cruz Islands, Southern Solomon Islands (Principal island: Guadalcanal).
Aş Şūmāl
Soomaaliya
the Federal Republic of Somalia
Somalia
SOMALIA
la République fédérale de Somalie
Somalie (la)
SOMALIE
Afrika Tshipembe
Afrika-Borwa
Afrika-Dzonga
Mzantsi Afrika
Ningizimu Afrika
Sewula Afrika
South Africa
Suid-Afrika
the Republic of South Africa
SOUTH AFRICA
la République sud-africaine
Afrique du Sud (l')
AFRIQUE DU SUD
Includes: Marion Island, Prince Edward Island.
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
the country of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
Géorgie du Sud-et-les Îles Sandwich du Sud (la)
GÉORGIE DU SUD-ET-LES ÎLES SANDWICH DU SUD
South Sudan
the Republic of South Sudan
SOUTH SUDAN
la République du Soudan du Sud
Soudan du Sud (le)
SOUDAN DU SUD
Split of Sudan into Sudan (north part) and South Sudan (south part).
España
the Kingdom of Spain
Spain
SPAIN
le Royaume d'Espagne
Espagne (l')
ESPAGNE
Remark: In the autonomous communities of Galicia, Catalonia and the Balearics, the respective regional languages are the sole official languages of toponymy. Castilian language forms are given in square brackets for information. For the autonomous communities of Navarra, Valencia and the Basque Country, with the exception of the province names Bizkaia and Gipuzkoa, the regional language has co-official status with Castilian (regional language forms are marked with an asterisk).
Ilaṅkai
Shrī Laṁkā
Sri Lanka
the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
SRI LANKA
la République socialiste démocratique du Sri Lanka
As Sūdān
the Republic of the Sudan
Sudan (the)
SUDAN
la République du Soudan
Soudan (le)
SOUDAN
Suriname
the Republic of Suriname
SURINAME
la République du Suriname
Suriname (le)
Svalbard og Jan Mayen
Svalbard and Jan Mayen
SVALBARD AND JAN MAYEN
Svalbard et l'Île Jan Mayen (le)
SVALBARD ET ÎLE JAN MAYEN
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as a subdivision of Norway (NO-21, NO-22).
Sverige
the Kingdom of Sweden
Sweden
SWEDEN
le Royaume de Suède
Suède (la)
SUÈDE
Remark: Alphabetic and numeric codes co-exist. The alphabetic code is traditionally well known to the general public, whereas the numeric code (placed after the name within square brackets) is used mainly within national administration; it may in the longer term supersede the alphabetic code.
Schweiz (die)
Suisse (la)
Svizra (la)
Svizzera (la)
the Swiss Confederation
Switzerland
SWITZERLAND
la Confédération suisse
SUISSE
Al Jumhūrīyah al ‘Arabīyah as Sūrīyah
the country of Syrian Arab Republic (the)
the Syrian Arab Republic
Syrian Arab Republic (the)
SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC
la République arabe syrienne
République arabe syrienne (la)
SYRIENNE, RÉPUBLIQUE ARABE
Alpha-2 country code for Turks and Caicos Islands (the)
Alpha-3 country code for Turks and Caicos Islands (the)
Alpha-2 country code for French Southern Territories (the)
Alpha-2 country code for Trinidad and Tobago
Alpha-3 country code for Trinidad and Tobago
Alpha-2 country code for Taiwan (Province of China)
Alpha-3 country code for Taiwan (Province of China)
Alpha-2 country code for Tanzania, the United Republic of
Alpha-3 country code for Tanzania, the United Republic of
Taiwan
the country of Taiwan (Province of China)
Taiwan (Province of China)
TAIWAN, PROVINCE OF CHINA
Taïwan (Province de Chine)
TAÏWAN, PROVINCE DE CHINE
Tojikiston
the Republic of Tajikistan
Tajikistan
TAJIKISTAN
la République du Tadjikistan
Tadjikistan (le)
TADJIKISTAN
Remark: The deletion of the region Karategin left one part of the country without name and without code in this part of ISO 3166. This section of the country is designated districts under republic administration (tgk: nohiyahoi tobei jumhurí) and comprises 13 districts (tgk: nohiya) which are administered directly by the central government at first-order level.
Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania
Tanzania, the United Republic of
the country of Tanzania, the United Republic of
the United Republic of Tanzania
TANZANIA, UNITED REPUBLIC OF
la République-Unie de Tanzanie
Tanzanie (la République-Unie de)
TANZANIE, RÉPUBLIQUE-UNIE DE
Prathet Thai
the Kingdom of Thailand
Thailand
THAILAND
le Royaume de Thaïlande
Thaïlande (la)
THAÏLANDE
Timor-Leste
the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste
TIMOR-LESTE
la République démocratique du Timor-Leste
Timor-Leste (le)
Togo (le)
the Togolese Republic
Togo
TOGO
la République togolaise
Tokelau
TOKELAU
Tokelau (les)
Tonga
the Kingdom of Tonga
TONGA
le Royaume des Tonga
Tonga (les)
Trinidad and Tobago
the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
la République de Trinité-et-Tobago
Trinité-et-Tobago (la)
TRINITÉ-ET-TOBAGO
Tobago * is the second significant part of composite country name.
Tūnis
the Republic of Tunisia
Tunisia
TUNISIA
la République tunisienne
Tunisie (la)
TUNISIE
Türkiye
the Republic of Turkey
Turkey
TURKEY
la République turque
Turquie (la)
TURQUIE
Turkmenistan
TURKMENISTAN
Turkménistan (le)
TURKMÉNISTAN
Remark: By presidential decree No. 1146, 1993-01-21, the Roman alphabet is officially used for the Turkmen language.
Turks and Caicos Islands (the)
the country of Turks and Caicos Islands (the)
TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS
Turks-et-Caïcos (les Îles)
TURKS-ET-CAÏCOS, ÎLES
Tuvalu
TUVALU
Tuvalu (les)
Alpha-2 country code for United States Minor Outlying Islands (the)
Alpha-3 country code for United States Minor Outlying Islands (the)
Alpha-2 country code for United States of America (the)
Alpha-3 country code for United States of America (the)
Uganda
the Republic of Uganda
UGANDA
la République d'Ouganda
Ouganda (l')
OUGANDA
Ukraina
Ukraine
UKRAINE
Ukraine (l')
Al Imārāt
the country of United Arab Emirates (the)
the United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates (the)
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
les Émirats arabes unis
Émirats arabes unis (les)
ÉMIRATS ARABES UNIS
UnitedKingdom is supported as legacy identifier for UnitedKingdomOfGreatBritainAndNorthernIreland
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
le Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande du Nord
Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande du Nord (le)
ROYAUME-UNI DE GRANDE-BRETAGNE ET D'IRLANDE DU NORD
BS 6879 gives alternative name forms in Welsh (cy) for some of the Welsh unitary authorities (together with alternative code elements). Since this part of ISO 3166 does not allow for duplicate coding of identical subdivisions, such alternative names in Welsh and code elements are shown for information purposes only in square brackets after the English name of the subdivision. BS 6879 has been superseded but remains the original source of the codes. Country (en) / pays (fr), Province (en) / province (fr): ENG England country; NIR Northern Ireland province; SCT Scotland country; WLS Wales [Cymru GB-CYM] country. Included for completeness: EAW England and Wales; GBN Great Britain; UKM United Kingdom.
UnitedStates is supported as legacy identifier for UnitedStatesOfAmerica
United States Minor Outlying Islands (the)
the country of United States Minor Outlying Islands (the)
UNITED STATES MINOR OUTLYING ISLANDS
Îles mineures éloignées des États-Unis (les)
ÎLES MINEURES ÉLOIGNÉES DES ÉTATS-UNIS
Comprises: In the Pacific Ocean: Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Islands, Palmyra Atoll, Wake Island In the Caribbean Sea: Navassa Island.
Remark: Included also as a subdivision of the United States (US-UM).
United States of America (the)
the country of United States of America (the)
the United States of America
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
les États-Unis d'Amérique
États-Unis d'Amérique (les)
ÉTATS-UNIS D'AMÉRIQUE
Uruguay (el)
the Eastern Republic of Uruguay
Uruguay
URUGUAY
la République orientale de l'Uruguay
Uruguay (l')
O‘zbekiston
the Republic of Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
UZBEKISTAN
la République d'Ouzbékistan
Ouzbékistan (l')
OUZBÉKISTAN
In May 1995 a new Roman alphabet was officially decreed for the Uzbek language
Alpha-2 country code for Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Alpha-3 country code for Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Alpha-2 country code for Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Alpha-3 country code for Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Alpha-2 country code for Virgin Islands British
Alpha-3 country code for Virgin Islands British
Alpha-2 country code for Virgin Islands US
Alpha-3 country code for Virgin Islands US
Vanuatu
Vanuatu (le)
the Republic of Vanuatu
VANUATU
la République du Vanuatu
Venezuela, República Bolivariana de
the country of Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
VENEZUELA (BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF)
la République bolivarienne du Venezuela
Venezuela (République bolivarienne du)
VENEZUELA (RÉPUBLIQUE BOLIVARIENNE DU)
Việt Nam
the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam
Viet Nam
VIET NAM
la République socialiste du Viet Nam
Viet Nam (le)
Virgin Islands (British)
British Virgin Islands (the)
VIRGIN ISLANDS (BRITISH)
Vierges britanniques (les Îles)
ÎLES VIERGES BRITANNIQUES
Principal islands: Anegada, Jost Van Dyke, Tortola, Virgin Gorda.
Virgin Islands (U.S.)
the Virgin Islands of the United States
VIRGIN ISLANDS (U.S.)
Vierges des États-Unis (les Îles)
ÎLES VIERGES DES ÉTATS-UNIS
No subdivisions relevant for this standard. Included also as a subdivision of the United States (US-VI).
Principal islands: Saint Croix, Saint John, Saint Thomas.
Alpha-2 country code for Wallis and Futuna
Alpha-3 country code for Wallis and Futuna
Wallis-et-Futuna
Wallis and Futuna Islands
Wallis and Futuna
WALLIS AND FUTUNA
les Îles Wallis-et-Futuna
WALLIS-ET-FUTUNA
Comprises: Hoorn Islands (Principal island: Futuna), Wallis Islands (Principal island: Uvea).
Included also as a subdivision of France (FR-WF).
Aş Şaḩrā' al Gharbīyah
Western Sahara*
WESTERN SAHARA *
Sahara occidental (le)*
SAHARA OCCIDENTAL*
Al Yaman
the Republic of Yemen
Yemen
YEMEN
la République du Yémen
Yémen (le)
YÉMEN
Zambia
the Republic of Zambia
ZAMBIA
la République de Zambie
Zambie (la)
ZAMBIE
Zimbabwe
the Republic of Zimbabwe
ZIMBABWE
la République du Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe (le)
Alpha-3 language code for Seselwa Creole French
the set of subdivision identifiers that comprise the ISO 3166-2 specification
territoire
territory
subdivision category territory in the country of Canada
province
subdivision category province in the country of Canada
subdivision code for the province of Alberta in the country of Canada
Alberta
the province of Alberta in the country of Canada
subdivision code for the province of British Columbia in the country of Canada
British Columbia
Colombie-Britannique
the province of British Columbia in the country of Canada
subdivision code for the province of Manitoba in the country of Canada
Manitoba
the province of Manitoba in the country of Canada
subdivision code for the province of New Brunswick in the country of Canada
New Brunswick
Nouveau-Brunswick
the province of New Brunswick in the country of Canada
subdivision code for the province of Newfoundland and Labrador in the country of Canada
Newfoundland and Labrador
Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador
the province of Newfoundland and Labrador in the country of Canada
subdivision code for the province of Nova Scotia in the country of Canada
Nouvelle-Écosse
Nova Scotia
the province of Nova Scotia in the country of Canada
subdivision code for the territory of Northwest Territories in the country of Canada
Northwest Territories
Territoires du Nord-Ouest
the territory of Northwest Territories in the country of Canada
subdivision code for the territory of Nunavut in the country of Canada
Nunavut
the territory of Nunavut in the country of Canada
subdivision code for the province of Ontario in the country of Canada
Ontario
the province of Ontario in the country of Canada
subdivision code for the province of Prince Edward Island in the country of Canada
Prince Edward Island
Île-du-Prince-Édouard
the province of Prince Edward Island in the country of Canada
subdivision code for the province of Quebec in the country of Canada
Quebec
Québec
the province of Quebec in the country of Canada
subdivision code for the province of Saskatchewan in the country of Canada
Saskatchewan
the province of Saskatchewan in the country of Canada
subdivision code for the territory of Yukon in the country of Canada
Yukon
the territory of Yukon in the country of Canada
council area
subdivision category council area in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
two-tier county
subdivision category two-tier county in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
district
subdivision category district in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
unitary authority
subdivision category unitary authority in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
metropolitan district
subdivision category metropolitan district in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
London borough
subdivision category London borough in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
city corporation
subdivision category city corporation in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
country
subdivision category country in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision category province in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the district of Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon
the district of Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Aberdeenshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Aberdeenshire
the council area of Aberdeenshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Aberdeen City in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Aberdeen City
the council area of Aberdeen City in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Argyll and Bute in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Argyll and Bute
the council area of Argyll and Bute in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Isle of Anglesey [Sir Ynys Môn GB-YNM] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Isle of Anglesey [Sir Ynys Môn GB-YNM]
the unitary authority of Isle of Anglesey [Sir Ynys Môn GB-YNM] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the district of Ards and North Down in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Ards and North Down
the district of Ards and North Down in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the district of Antrim and Newtownabbey in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Antrim and Newtownabbey
the district of Antrim and Newtownabbey in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Angus in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Angus
the council area of Angus in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Bath and North East Somerset in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Bath and North East Somerset
the unitary authority of Bath and North East Somerset in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Blackburn with Darwen in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Blackburn with Darwen
the unitary authority of Blackburn with Darwen in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole
the unitary authority of Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Bedford in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Bedford
the unitary authority of Bedford in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Barking and Dagenham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Barking and Dagenham
the London borough of Barking and Dagenham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Brent in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Brent
the London borough of Brent in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Bexley in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Bexley
the London borough of Bexley in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the district of Belfast City in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Belfast City
the district of Belfast City in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Bridgend [Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr GB-POG] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Bridgend [Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr GB-POG]
the unitary authority of Bridgend [Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr GB-POG] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Blaenau Gwent in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Blaenau Gwent
the unitary authority of Blaenau Gwent in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Birmingham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Birmingham
the metropolitan district of Birmingham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Buckinghamshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Buckinghamshire
the two-tier county of Buckinghamshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Barnet in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Barnet
the London borough of Barnet in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Brighton and Hove in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Brighton and Hove
the unitary authority of Brighton and Hove in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Barnsley in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Barnsley
the metropolitan district of Barnsley in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Bolton in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Bolton
the metropolitan district of Bolton in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Blackpool in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Blackpool
the unitary authority of Blackpool in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Bracknell Forest in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Bracknell Forest
the unitary authority of Bracknell Forest in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Bradford in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Bradford
the metropolitan district of Bradford in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Bromley in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Bromley
the London borough of Bromley in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Bristol, City of in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Bristol, City of
the unitary authority of Bristol, City of in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Bury in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Bury
the metropolitan district of Bury in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Cambridgeshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Cambridgeshire
the two-tier county of Cambridgeshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Caerphilly [Caerffili GB-CAF] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Caerphilly [Caerffili GB-CAF]
the unitary authority of Caerphilly [Caerffili GB-CAF] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Central Bedfordshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Central Bedfordshire
the unitary authority of Central Bedfordshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the district of Causeway Coast and Glens in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Causeway Coast and Glens
the district of Causeway Coast and Glens in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Ceredigion [Sir Ceredigion] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Ceredigion [Sir Ceredigion]
the unitary authority of Ceredigion [Sir Ceredigion] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Cheshire East in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Cheshire East
the unitary authority of Cheshire East in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Cheshire West and Chester
the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Calderdale in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Calderdale
the metropolitan district of Calderdale in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Clackmannanshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Clackmannanshire
the council area of Clackmannanshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Cumbria in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Cumbria
the two-tier county of Cumbria in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Camden in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Camden
the London borough of Camden in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Carmarthenshire [Sir Gaerfyrddin GB-GFY] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Carmarthenshire [Sir Gaerfyrddin GB-GFY]
the unitary authority of Carmarthenshire [Sir Gaerfyrddin GB-GFY] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Cornwall in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Cornwall
the unitary authority of Cornwall in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Coventry in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Coventry
the metropolitan district of Coventry in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Cardiff [Caerdydd GB-CRD] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Cardiff [Caerdydd GB-CRD]
the unitary authority of Cardiff [Caerdydd GB-CRD] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Croydon in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Croydon
the London borough of Croydon in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Conwy in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Conwy
the unitary authority of Conwy in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Darlington in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Darlington
the unitary authority of Darlington in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Derbyshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Derbyshire
the two-tier county of Derbyshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Denbighshire [Sir Ddinbych GB-DDB] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Denbighshire [Sir Ddinbych GB-DDB]
the unitary authority of Denbighshire [Sir Ddinbych GB-DDB] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Derby in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Derby
the unitary authority of Derby in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Devon in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Devon
the two-tier county of Devon in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Dumfries and Galloway in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Dumfries and Galloway
the council area of Dumfries and Galloway in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Doncaster in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Doncaster
the metropolitan district of Doncaster in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Dundee City in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Dundee City
the council area of Dundee City in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Dorset in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Dorset
the two-tier county of Dorset in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the district of Derry and Strabane in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Derry and Strabane
the district of Derry and Strabane in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Dudley in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Dudley
the metropolitan district of Dudley in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Durham, County in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Durham, County
the unitary authority of Durham, County in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Ealing in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Ealing
the London borough of Ealing in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of East Ayrshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
East Ayrshire
the council area of East Ayrshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Edinburgh, City of in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Edinburgh, City of
the council area of Edinburgh, City of in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of East Dunbartonshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
East Dunbartonshire
the council area of East Dunbartonshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of East Lothian in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
East Lothian
the council area of East Lothian in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Eilean Siar in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Eilean Siar
the council area of Eilean Siar in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Enfield in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Enfield
the London borough of Enfield in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the country of England in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
England
the country of England in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of East Renfrewshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
East Renfrewshire
the council area of East Renfrewshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of East Riding of Yorkshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
East Riding of Yorkshire
the unitary authority of East Riding of Yorkshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Essex in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Essex
the two-tier county of Essex in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of East Sussex in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
East Sussex
the two-tier county of East Sussex in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Falkirk in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Falkirk
the council area of Falkirk in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Fife in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Fife
the council area of Fife in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Flintshire [Sir y Fflint GB-FFL] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Flintshire [Sir y Fflint GB-FFL]
the unitary authority of Flintshire [Sir y Fflint GB-FFL] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the district of Fermanagh and Omagh in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Fermanagh and Omagh
the district of Fermanagh and Omagh in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Gateshead in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Gateshead
the metropolitan district of Gateshead in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Glasgow City in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Glasgow City
the council area of Glasgow City in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Gloucestershire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Gloucestershire
the two-tier county of Gloucestershire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Greenwich in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Greenwich
the London borough of Greenwich in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Gwynedd in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Gwynedd
the unitary authority of Gwynedd in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Halton in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Halton
the unitary authority of Halton in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Hampshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Hampshire
the two-tier county of Hampshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Havering in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Havering
the London borough of Havering in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Hackney in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Hackney
the London borough of Hackney in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Herefordshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Herefordshire
the unitary authority of Herefordshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Hillingdon in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Hillingdon
the London borough of Hillingdon in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Highland in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Highland
the council area of Highland in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Hammersmith and Fulham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Hammersmith and Fulham
the London borough of Hammersmith and Fulham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Hounslow in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Hounslow
the London borough of Hounslow in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Hartlepool in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Hartlepool
the unitary authority of Hartlepool in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Hertfordshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Hertfordshire
the two-tier county of Hertfordshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Harrow in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Harrow
the London borough of Harrow in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Haringey in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Haringey
the London borough of Haringey in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Isles of Scilly in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Isles of Scilly
the unitary authority of Isles of Scilly in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Isle of Wight in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Isle of Wight
the unitary authority of Isle of Wight in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Islington in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Islington
the London borough of Islington in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Inverclyde in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Inverclyde
the council area of Inverclyde in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Kensington and Chelsea in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Kensington and Chelsea
the London borough of Kensington and Chelsea in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Kent in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Kent
the two-tier county of Kent in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Kingston upon Hull in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Kingston upon Hull
the unitary authority of Kingston upon Hull in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Kirklees in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Kirklees
the metropolitan district of Kirklees in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Kingston upon Thames in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Kingston upon Thames
the London borough of Kingston upon Thames in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Knowsley in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Knowsley
the metropolitan district of Knowsley in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Lancashire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Lancashire
the two-tier county of Lancashire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the district of Lisburn and Castlereagh in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Lisburn and Castlereagh
the district of Lisburn and Castlereagh in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Lambeth in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Lambeth
the London borough of Lambeth in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Leicester in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Leicester
the unitary authority of Leicester in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Leeds in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Leeds
the metropolitan district of Leeds in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Leicestershire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Leicestershire
the two-tier county of Leicestershire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Lewisham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Lewisham
the London borough of Lewisham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Lincolnshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Lincolnshire
the two-tier county of Lincolnshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Liverpool in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Liverpool
the metropolitan district of Liverpool in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the city corporation of London, City of in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
London, City of
the city corporation of London, City of in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Luton in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Luton
the unitary authority of Luton in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Manchester in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Manchester
the metropolitan district of Manchester in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Middlesbrough in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Middlesbrough
the unitary authority of Middlesbrough in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Medway in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Medway
the unitary authority of Medway in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the district of Mid and East Antrim in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Mid and East Antrim
the district of Mid and East Antrim in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Milton Keynes in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Milton Keynes
the unitary authority of Milton Keynes in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Midlothian in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Midlothian
the council area of Midlothian in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Monmouthshire [Sir Fynwy GB-FYN] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Monmouthshire [Sir Fynwy GB-FYN]
the unitary authority of Monmouthshire [Sir Fynwy GB-FYN] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Merton in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Merton
the London borough of Merton in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Moray in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Moray
the council area of Moray in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Merthyr Tydfil [Merthyr Tudful GB-MTU] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Merthyr Tydfil [Merthyr Tudful GB-MTU]
the unitary authority of Merthyr Tydfil [Merthyr Tudful GB-MTU] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the district of Mid-Ulster in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Mid-Ulster
the district of Mid-Ulster in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of North Ayrshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
North Ayrshire
the council area of North Ayrshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Northumberland in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Northumberland
the unitary authority of Northumberland in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of North East Lincolnshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
North East Lincolnshire
the unitary authority of North East Lincolnshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Newcastle upon Tyne in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Newcastle upon Tyne
the metropolitan district of Newcastle upon Tyne in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Norfolk in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Norfolk
the two-tier county of Norfolk in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Nottingham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Nottingham
the unitary authority of Nottingham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the province of Northern Ireland in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Northern Ireland
the province of Northern Ireland in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of North Lanarkshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
North Lanarkshire
the council area of North Lanarkshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of North Lincolnshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
North Lincolnshire
the unitary authority of North Lincolnshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the district of Newry, Mourne and Down in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Newry, Mourne and Down
the district of Newry, Mourne and Down in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of North Somerset in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
North Somerset
the unitary authority of North Somerset in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Northamptonshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Northamptonshire
the two-tier county of Northamptonshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Neath Port Talbot [Castell-nedd Port Talbot GB-CTL] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Neath Port Talbot [Castell-nedd Port Talbot GB-CTL]
the unitary authority of Neath Port Talbot [Castell-nedd Port Talbot GB-CTL] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Nottinghamshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Nottinghamshire
the two-tier county of Nottinghamshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of North Tyneside in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
North Tyneside
the metropolitan district of North Tyneside in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Newham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Newham
the London borough of Newham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Newport [Casnewydd GB-CNW] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Newport [Casnewydd GB-CNW]
the unitary authority of Newport [Casnewydd GB-CNW] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of North Yorkshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
North Yorkshire
the two-tier county of North Yorkshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Oldham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Oldham
the metropolitan district of Oldham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Orkney Islands in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Orkney Islands
the council area of Orkney Islands in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Oxfordshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Oxfordshire
the two-tier county of Oxfordshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Pembrokeshire [Sir Benfro GB-BNF] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Pembrokeshire [Sir Benfro GB-BNF]
the unitary authority of Pembrokeshire [Sir Benfro GB-BNF] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Perth and Kinross in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Perth and Kinross
the council area of Perth and Kinross in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Plymouth in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Plymouth
the unitary authority of Plymouth in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Portsmouth in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Portsmouth
the unitary authority of Portsmouth in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Powys in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Powys
the unitary authority of Powys in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Peterborough in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Peterborough
the unitary authority of Peterborough in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Redcar and Cleveland
the unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Rochdale in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Rochdale
the metropolitan district of Rochdale in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Rhondda Cynon Taff [Rhondda CynonTaf] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Rhondda Cynon Taff [Rhondda CynonTaf]
the unitary authority of Rhondda Cynon Taff [Rhondda CynonTaf] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Redbridge in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Redbridge
the London borough of Redbridge in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Reading in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Reading
the unitary authority of Reading in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Renfrewshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Renfrewshire
the council area of Renfrewshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Richmond upon Thames in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Richmond upon Thames
the London borough of Richmond upon Thames in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Rotherham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Rotherham
the metropolitan district of Rotherham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Rutland in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Rutland
the unitary authority of Rutland in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Sandwell in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Sandwell
the metropolitan district of Sandwell in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of South Ayrshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
South Ayrshire
the council area of South Ayrshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Scottish Borders in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Scottish Borders
the council area of Scottish Borders in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the country of Scotland in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Scotland
the country of Scotland in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Suffolk in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Suffolk
the two-tier county of Suffolk in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Sefton in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Sefton
the metropolitan district of Sefton in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of South Gloucestershire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
South Gloucestershire
the unitary authority of South Gloucestershire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Sheffield in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Sheffield
the metropolitan district of Sheffield in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of St. Helens in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
St. Helens
the metropolitan district of St. Helens in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Shropshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Shropshire
the unitary authority of Shropshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Stockport in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Stockport
the metropolitan district of Stockport in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Salford in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Salford
the metropolitan district of Salford in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Slough in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Slough
the unitary authority of Slough in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of South Lanarkshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
South Lanarkshire
the council area of South Lanarkshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Sunderland in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Sunderland
the metropolitan district of Sunderland in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Solihull in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Solihull
the metropolitan district of Solihull in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Somerset in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Somerset
the two-tier county of Somerset in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Southend-on-Sea in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Southend-on-Sea
the unitary authority of Southend-on-Sea in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Surrey in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Surrey
the two-tier county of Surrey in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Stoke-on-Trent in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Stoke-on-Trent
the unitary authority of Stoke-on-Trent in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Stirling in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Stirling
the council area of Stirling in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Southampton in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Southampton
the unitary authority of Southampton in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Sutton in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Sutton
the London borough of Sutton in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Staffordshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Staffordshire
the two-tier county of Staffordshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Stockton-on-Tees in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Stockton-on-Tees
the unitary authority of Stockton-on-Tees in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of South Tyneside in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
South Tyneside
the metropolitan district of South Tyneside in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Swansea [Abertawe GB-ATA] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Swansea [Abertawe GB-ATA]
the unitary authority of Swansea [Abertawe GB-ATA] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Swindon in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Swindon
the unitary authority of Swindon in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Southwark in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Southwark
the London borough of Southwark in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Tameside in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Tameside
the metropolitan district of Tameside in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Telford and Wrekin in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Telford and Wrekin
the unitary authority of Telford and Wrekin in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Thurrock in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Thurrock
the unitary authority of Thurrock in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Torbay in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Torbay
the unitary authority of Torbay in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Torfaen [Tor-faen] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Torfaen [Tor-faen]
the unitary authority of Torfaen [Tor-faen] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Trafford in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Trafford
the metropolitan district of Trafford in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Tower Hamlets in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Tower Hamlets
the London borough of Tower Hamlets in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Vale of Glamorgan, The [Bro Morgannwg GB-BMG] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Vale of Glamorgan, The [Bro Morgannwg GB-BMG]
the unitary authority of Vale of Glamorgan, The [Bro Morgannwg GB-BMG] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Warwickshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Warwickshire
the two-tier county of Warwickshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of West Berkshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
West Berkshire
the unitary authority of West Berkshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of West Dunbartonshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
West Dunbartonshire
the council area of West Dunbartonshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Waltham Forest in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Waltham Forest
the London borough of Waltham Forest in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Wigan in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Wigan
the metropolitan district of Wigan in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Wiltshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Wiltshire
the unitary authority of Wiltshire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Wakefield in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Wakefield
the metropolitan district of Wakefield in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Walsall in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Walsall
the metropolitan district of Walsall in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of West Lothian in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
West Lothian
the council area of West Lothian in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the country of Wales [Cymru GB-CYM] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Wales [Cymru GB-CYM]
the country of Wales [Cymru GB-CYM] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Wolverhampton in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Wolverhampton
the metropolitan district of Wolverhampton in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Wandsworth in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Wandsworth
the London borough of Wandsworth in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Windsor and Maidenhead in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Windsor and Maidenhead
the unitary authority of Windsor and Maidenhead in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Wokingham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Wokingham
the unitary authority of Wokingham in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of Worcestershire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Worcestershire
the two-tier county of Worcestershire in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the metropolitan district of Wirral in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Wirral
the metropolitan district of Wirral in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Warrington in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Warrington
the unitary authority of Warrington in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of Wrexham [Wrecsam GB-WRC] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Wrexham [Wrecsam GB-WRC]
the unitary authority of Wrexham [Wrecsam GB-WRC] in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the London borough of Westminster in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Westminster
the London borough of Westminster in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the two-tier county of West Sussex in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
West Sussex
the two-tier county of West Sussex in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the unitary authority of York in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
York
the unitary authority of York in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
subdivision code for the council area of Shetland Islands in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
Shetland Islands
the council area of Shetland Islands in the country of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the)
estado
subdivision category estado in the country of Mexico
distrito federal
subdivision category distrito federal in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Aguascalientes in the country of Mexico
Aguascalientes
the estado of Aguascalientes in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Baja California in the country of Mexico
Baja California
the estado of Baja California in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Baja California Sur in the country of Mexico
Baja California Sur
the estado of Baja California Sur in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Campeche in the country of Mexico
Campeche
the estado of Campeche in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Chihuahua in the country of Mexico
Chihuahua
the estado of Chihuahua in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Chiapas in the country of Mexico
Chiapas
the estado of Chiapas in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the distrito federal of Ciudad de México in the country of Mexico
Ciudad de México
the distrito federal of Ciudad de México in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Coahuila de Zaragoza in the country of Mexico
Coahuila de Zaragoza
the estado of Coahuila de Zaragoza in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Colima in the country of Mexico
Colima
the estado of Colima in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Durango in the country of Mexico
Durango
the estado of Durango in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Guerrero in the country of Mexico
Guerrero
the estado of Guerrero in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Guanajuato in the country of Mexico
Guanajuato
the estado of Guanajuato in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Hidalgo in the country of Mexico
Hidalgo
the estado of Hidalgo in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Jalisco in the country of Mexico
Jalisco
the estado of Jalisco in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of México in the country of Mexico
the estado of México in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Michoacán de Ocampo in the country of Mexico
Michoacán de Ocampo
the estado of Michoacán de Ocampo in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Morelos in the country of Mexico
Morelos
the estado of Morelos in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Nayarit in the country of Mexico
Nayarit
the estado of Nayarit in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Nuevo León in the country of Mexico
Nuevo León
the estado of Nuevo León in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Oaxaca in the country of Mexico
Oaxaca
the estado of Oaxaca in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Puebla in the country of Mexico
Puebla
the estado of Puebla in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Querétaro in the country of Mexico
Querétaro
the estado of Querétaro in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Quintana Roo in the country of Mexico
Quintana Roo
the estado of Quintana Roo in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Sinaloa in the country of Mexico
Sinaloa
the estado of Sinaloa in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of San Luis Potosí in the country of Mexico
San Luis Potosí
the estado of San Luis Potosí in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Sonora in the country of Mexico
Sonora
the estado of Sonora in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Tabasco in the country of Mexico
Tabasco
the estado of Tabasco in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Tamaulipas in the country of Mexico
Tamaulipas
the estado of Tamaulipas in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Tlaxcala in the country of Mexico
Tlaxcala
the estado of Tlaxcala in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave in the country of Mexico
Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave
the estado of Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Yucatán in the country of Mexico
Yucatán
the estado of Yucatán in the country of Mexico
subdivision code for the estado of Zacatecas in the country of Mexico
Zacatecas
the estado of Zacatecas in the country of Mexico
subdivision category district in the country of United States of America (the)
outlying area
subdivision category outlying area in the country of United States of America (the)
state
subdivision category state in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Alaska in the country of United States of America (the)
Alaska
the state of Alaska in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Alabama in the country of United States of America (the)
Alabama
the state of Alabama in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Arkansas in the country of United States of America (the)
Arkansas
the state of Arkansas in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the outlying area of American Samoa (see also separate country code entry under AS) in the country of United States of America (the)
American Samoa (see also separate country code entry under AS)
the outlying area of American Samoa (see also separate country code entry under AS) in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Arizona in the country of United States of America (the)
Arizona
the state of Arizona in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of California in the country of United States of America (the)
California
the state of California in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Colorado in the country of United States of America (the)
Colorado
the state of Colorado in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Connecticut in the country of United States of America (the)
Connecticut
the state of Connecticut in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the district of District of Columbia in the country of United States of America (the)
District of Columbia
the district of District of Columbia in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Delaware in the country of United States of America (the)
Delaware
the state of Delaware in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Florida in the country of United States of America (the)
Florida
the state of Florida in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Georgia in the country of United States of America (the)
the state of Georgia in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the outlying area of Guam (see also separate country code entry under GU) in the country of United States of America (the)
Guam (see also separate country code entry under GU)
the outlying area of Guam (see also separate country code entry under GU) in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Hawaii in the country of United States of America (the)
Hawaii
the state of Hawaii in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Iowa in the country of United States of America (the)
Iowa
the state of Iowa in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Idaho in the country of United States of America (the)
Idaho
the state of Idaho in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Illinois in the country of United States of America (the)
Illinois
the state of Illinois in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Indiana in the country of United States of America (the)
Indiana
the state of Indiana in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Kansas in the country of United States of America (the)
Kansas
the state of Kansas in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Kentucky in the country of United States of America (the)
Kentucky
the state of Kentucky in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Louisiana in the country of United States of America (the)
Louisiana
the state of Louisiana in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Massachusetts in the country of United States of America (the)
Massachusetts
the state of Massachusetts in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Maryland in the country of United States of America (the)
Maryland
the state of Maryland in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Maine in the country of United States of America (the)
Maine
the state of Maine in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Michigan in the country of United States of America (the)
Michigan
the state of Michigan in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Minnesota in the country of United States of America (the)
Minnesota
the state of Minnesota in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Missouri in the country of United States of America (the)
Missouri
the state of Missouri in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the outlying area of Northern Mariana Islands (see also separate country code entry under MP) in the country of United States of America (the)
Northern Mariana Islands (see also separate country code entry under MP)
the outlying area of Northern Mariana Islands (see also separate country code entry under MP) in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Mississippi in the country of United States of America (the)
Mississippi
the state of Mississippi in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Montana in the country of United States of America (the)
Montana
the state of Montana in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of North Carolina in the country of United States of America (the)
North Carolina
the state of North Carolina in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of North Dakota in the country of United States of America (the)
North Dakota
the state of North Dakota in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Nebraska in the country of United States of America (the)
Nebraska
the state of Nebraska in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of New Hampshire in the country of United States of America (the)
New Hampshire
the state of New Hampshire in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of New Jersey in the country of United States of America (the)
New Jersey
the state of New Jersey in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of New Mexico in the country of United States of America (the)
New Mexico
the state of New Mexico in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Nevada in the country of United States of America (the)
Nevada
the state of Nevada in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of New York in the country of United States of America (the)
New York
the state of New York in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Ohio in the country of United States of America (the)
Ohio
the state of Ohio in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Oklahoma in the country of United States of America (the)
Oklahoma
the state of Oklahoma in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Oregon in the country of United States of America (the)
Oregon
the state of Oregon in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Pennsylvania in the country of United States of America (the)
Pennsylvania
the state of Pennsylvania in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the outlying area of Puerto Rico (see also separate country code entry under PR) in the country of United States of America (the)
Puerto Rico (see also separate country code entry under PR)
the outlying area of Puerto Rico (see also separate country code entry under PR) in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Rhode Island in the country of United States of America (the)
Rhode Island
the state of Rhode Island in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of South Carolina in the country of United States of America (the)
South Carolina
the state of South Carolina in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of South Dakota in the country of United States of America (the)
South Dakota
the state of South Dakota in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Tennessee in the country of United States of America (the)
Tennessee
the state of Tennessee in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Texas in the country of United States of America (the)
Texas
the state of Texas in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the outlying area of United States Minor Outlying Islands (see also separate country code entry under UM) in the country of United States of America (the)
United States Minor Outlying Islands (see also separate country code entry under UM)
the outlying area of United States Minor Outlying Islands (see also separate country code entry under UM) in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Utah in the country of United States of America (the)
Utah
the state of Utah in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Virginia in the country of United States of America (the)
Virginia
the state of Virginia in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the outlying area of Virgin Islands, U.S. (see also separate country code entry under VI) in the country of United States of America (the)
Virgin Islands, U.S. (see also separate country code entry under VI)
the outlying area of Virgin Islands, U.S. (see also separate country code entry under VI) in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Vermont in the country of United States of America (the)
Vermont
the state of Vermont in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Washington in the country of United States of America (the)
Washington
the state of Washington in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Wisconsin in the country of United States of America (the)
Wisconsin
the state of Wisconsin in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of West Virginia in the country of United States of America (the)
West Virginia
the state of West Virginia in the country of United States of America (the)
subdivision code for the state of Wyoming in the country of United States of America (the)
Wyoming
the state of Wyoming in the country of United States of America (the)
a language identifier for a human language as defined by ISO 639-1, that is, a two-letter combination of characters used to represent a language or languages
In the ISO 639-1 language code, each language identifier is composed of two letters (lower case letters from the Latin alphabet, corresponding to characters 97 through 122 of the UTF-8 encoding), without diacritical marks or other encodings of any kind.
The identifiers are not abbreviations for the languages they identify. They are derived in some way from the indiginous language name or from preferences of the relevant speech community.
a language identifier for a human language as defined by ISO 639, that is, a three-letter combination of characters used to represent a language or languages
In the ISO 639-2 language code, each language identifier is composed of three letters (lower case letters from the Latin alphabet, corresponding to characters 97 through 122 of the UTF-8 encoding), without diacritical marks or other encodings of any kind.
Two code sets are provided in ISO 639-2, one for bibliographic applications and one for terminology applications. Some of these are considered collective language codes, referring to a family of languages, and there are a few special purpose codes for use in various applications. ISO 639-3 provides a single, three character code for each individual language or macrolanguage. Additional codes for language families and groups are specified in other parts of the standard.
an extinct language that has an attested literature and is recognized as having special status in the academic community
Ancient languages may have either individual or collective language codes. See section 4.1.5, ISO 639-2, for an explanation of the latter case.
a structure or means of organizing information such as a schema, numbering system, organization scheme, measurement system, taxonomy, or language for organizing information
a language for human communication that has been artificially devised
Artificial languages do not include reconstructed languages or computer programming languages.
an alpha-3 code that is a member of the set of bibliographic codes in ISO 639-2
a sequence of characters denoting something that it is associated with for some purpose, within a specified context, according to some rule set
a system of alpha-numeric symbols, or combinations of symbols, that stand for specified values in some context
a grouping of some variable number of things (may be zero) that have some shared significance
a language identifier or code used to represent a group of languages
See section 4.1.1, ISO 639-2, for an explanation of the usage of such codes, and section 4.1.3 to gain understanding of the distinction between collective language and macrolanguage codes.
a language variant that is specific to a geographical region or speech community
Dialects are typically represented via the same language code as the code for the primary language, with a few exceptions for well-known dialects. See sections 4.1.3 and 4.1.4, ISO 639-2 for additional details on the treatment of dialects in the standard.
an individual language or variant that is no longer in use and has no current descendant
a well-known prior version of a living or extinct language
a system for allocating identifiers to objects
a sequence of characters uniquely identifying something that it is associated with for some purpose and within a specified context
Text-valued tags are included here as they may be useful for automated transformation or encoding systems, such as those used to produce IETF compliant language tags in XML.
a language that can be distinguished from another language by some set of rules
Identifiers in Parts 1, 2, and 3 of ISO 639 are assumed to denote distinct individual languages, unless the language name explicitly refers to a language group. See section 4.2 in ISO 639-4 for a detailed explanation of the definition of individual language in the context of the ISO 639 standard.
a language identifier whose scope is that of an individual (distinct) language
a systematic use of sounds, characters, symbols or signs to communicate meaning
a group of individual languages related to each other through common ancestry
a collection of two or more individual languages, treated as a group for some purpose
See section 4.6 in ISO 639-4 for additional explanatory material for language groups.
a string of characters that uniquely identifies a linguistic entity
In the language codes of Parts 1, 2, 3, and 5 of ISO 639, each language identifier is composed of two or three letters.
a variation of an individual language that is sufficiently unique that it can be identified and named
continuous change within and between individual languages
Language variation may include change over time, space, cultural affiliation, etc.
an individual language or variant in use today by some speech community
a language that may be viewed in some circumstances as an individual language, but actually represents two or more individual languages
See sections 4.1 and 4.3 of ISO 639-4 for an extensive description of macrolanguages and how they are different from language groups.
a language identifier whose scope is that of a macrolanguage
a language used in human communications that is not artificial in nature
a set of conventions and rules for representing language in written form
The orthographic rules for a given language may include rules of spelling, hyphenation, capitalization, word breaks, emphasis, and punctuation. Languages that have multiple writing systems may have distinct orthographies and scripts.
a group of languages that explicitly excludes certain individual languages
a set of graphic characters used to represent one or more languages in writing
Use of multiple writing systems does not mean that multiple language identifiers are necessary for a language. ISO 639 language identifiers may be combined with script identifiers from ISO 15924 (e.g., BCP 47).
a language identifier whose scope is that of a special purpose language construct
a language concept introduced in ISO 639-3 to satisfy special-purpose requirements, typically to support application constraints
an individual language or language variant that is articulated through speech (oral or vocal) sounds
a language variant with a high degree of status and normalization, typically used in public discourse, centers of government and commerce
a language identifier whose scope is that of terminological codes
the representation of speech or signing in written form
The resulting text is also referred to as a transcription.
the conversion of text from one script to another without loss of information
The resulting text is also referred to as a transliteration.
a system for writing a language, including the requisite script and character set
the representation of a language via a writing system, with a relatively normalized orthography
serves as a linguistic expression of the notion of, means
indicates that someone (or something) possesses something, such as a characteristic, attribute, feature, or capability
relates a language to an earlier form (historically significant) of that same language
associates a name in English with an individual concept
associates a name in French with an individual concept
associates a name in German with an individual concept
associates a local regional or cultural name with an individual concept
relates something, typically a collection, group or organization, to some discrete thing identified as a member of it
Note that the hasName properties defined herein have an implicit range of rdfs:Literal. This is purposeful, so that users can specify any element that has a name with or without a language tag without concern for conflicting datatypes (i.e., xsd:string vs. rdf:langString, which are logically disjoint).
a unique combination of alphanumeric characters corresponding to the identifier
recognizes or establishes within some context
has an indicator or label, that is unique within some context
belongs, either individually or collectively, to a group