FIBO SKOS Vocabulary
type: Ontology
imports: core

has in domain
type: ObjectProperty
is defined by: denotes an rdfs:domain relationship between concepts
sub property of: related

has in range
type: ObjectProperty
is defined by: denotes an rdfs:range relationship between concepts
sub property of: related

has corporate officer
type: Concept
has in domain: controlled party
broader: has controlling party
definition: indicates an officer of the organization
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: corporate officer

controlled party
type: Concept
broader: controlled thing
definition: person or organization over which some party exercises some form of authority or influence with respect to some situation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

controlled thing
type: Concept
definition: something over which some party exercises some form of control with respect to some situation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

FIBO classes scheme
type: ConceptScheme
is defined by: concept scheme for concepts derived from ontology classes

has controlling party
type: Concept
has in domain: controlled thing
definition: indicates the party that exercises authority or influence over something
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlling party

FIBO property scheme
type: ConceptScheme
is defined by: concept scheme for concepts derived from ontology properties

controlling party
type: Concept
definition: actor that exercises some form of control in the context of some situation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
editorial note: At this level of abstraction it is not defined whether the control is some degree of controlling interest, or some level of actual control (asserted or calculated) in some entity.

corporate officer
type: Concept
definition: high-level management executive of a corporation or other organization, hired by the board of directors or the business owner(s), charged with certain operational responsibilities, and who has the authority to act on behalf of the organization, including the authority to enter into contracts on behalf of the organization
example: Corporate officers may include a Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Chief Financial Officer (CFO), president, vice president(s), and in some cases a Chief Operating Officer (COO), Chief Compliance Officer (CCO), or other executive responsible for a critical function in the organization.
explanatory note: In banking, corporate officers have the legal capacity to execute some documents and make certain decisions on behalf of the institution due to the nature of the business. The level of authority varies depending on the role the officer plays, however, and based on bank policy. In large institutions, corporate officers may include loan/lending officers, those in certain supervisory roles, and others with varying degrees of authority, and frequently they are given a 'vice president' title, particularly if they are customer facing. Hiring and other decisions related to such corporate officers may be delegated to more operational levels, rather than by the board directly, with respect to such personnel.
broader: executive
explanatory note: Note that in most cases in the United States, corporate officers, especially those with signatory capacity and other fiduciary responsibilities must be employees, especially with respect to financial institutions and other highly regulated domains. There are cases, however, when an independent contractor or professional services provider may play the role of a corporate officer, such as a 'CFO for hire', which is a common practice in start-up organizations.
broader: signatory
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

executive
type: Concept
definition: person appointed and given the responsibility to manage the affairs of an organization and the authority to make decisions within specified role-specific boundaries
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

signatory
type: Concept
broader: authorized individual
definition: responsible party authorized to sign agreements on behalf of themselves, another person, or an organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

authorized individual
type: Concept
definition: role of an individual that has been given the responsibility to act on behalf of another party under some set of guidelines
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

home equity loan asset-backed security
type: Concept
broader: asset-backed security
definition: asset-backed security based on home equity loan receivables
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: If the credit risk of the pool has been decoupled from the institution via an SPV, then home equity asset-backed securities are also structured finance instruments.
explanatory note: Similar to mortgages, home equity loans are often taken out by borrowers who have less-than-stellar credit scores or few assets - the reason why they didn’t qualify for a mortgage. These are amortizing loans - that is, payment goes toward satisfying a specific sum and consists of three categories: interest, principal, and prepayments.

asset-backed security
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ABS
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI code), Fourth edition, 2019-10-01
explanatory note: An asset-backed security (ABS) is a type of financial investment that is collateralized by an underlying pool of assets—usually ones that generate a cash flow from debt, such as loans, leases, credit card balances, or receivables. It takes the form of a bond or note, paying income at a fixed rate for a set amount of time, until maturity. ABS are financial securities backed by income-generating assets such as credit card receivables, home equity loans, student loans, and auto loans. Pooling assets into an ABS is a process called securitization. One difference between an ABS and a collateralized debt obligation (CDO) is that the CDO issuer is generally a special purpose vehicle (SPV) or trust.
explanatory note: Asset-backed securities, for example home equity loans (HEL), credit cards, and so forth are backed by receivables [payments] that are either secured (such as HEL) or unsecured (for example, credit cards). They are typically tranched based on default risk.
definition: debt instrument backed by receivables other than those arising out of real estate loans or mortgages
broader: pool-backed security

pool-backed security
type: Concept
broader: tradable debt instrument
definition: debt instrument that derives its cashflow from an underlying pool of mortgage loans or other receivables
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: If the security is a component of a collateralized debt obligation, then the underlying pool is typically segmented into various tranches, each of which provides cash flows to hedge particular risks, or that offset other gains by time to maturity or other factors.

tradable debt instrument
type: Concept
broader: security
broader: debt instrument
definition: a debt instrument that is also a security, i.e., that can be bought and sold by the holder
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Details from Ecofin: A [debt] instrument can be traded, if its features depend only on one borrower. If the instrument has no bilateral or multilateral obligations, the investor can easily transfer it to another investor without asking the borrower (except the terms prohibit this explicitly). This is simplified with securitised instruments, where the debt is already split into handy denominations which trade easily (e.g. in round thousands or millions as with bonds, commercial paper, etc.). But in principle it works also with interbank loans and similar instruments. FIBIM Definition: Financial instruments evidencing moneys owed by the issuer to the holder on terms as specified.

security
type: Concept
explanatory note: A security can be any note, stock, treasury stock, security future, security-based swap, bond, debenture,certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement or in any oil, gas, or other mineral royalty or lease, any collateral-trust certificate, preorganization certificate or subscription, transferable share, investment contract, voting-trust certificate, certificate of deposit for a security, any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege on any security, certificate of deposit, or group or index of securities (including any interest therein or based on the value thereof), or any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege entered into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign currency, or in general, any instrument commonly known as a security, or any certificate of interest or participation in, temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, or warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase, any of the foregoing; but shall not include currency or any note, draft, bill of exchange, or bankers' acceptance which has a maturity at the time of issuance of not exceeding nine months, exclusive of days of grace, or any renewal thereof the maturity of which is likewise limited.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Some securities may be traded over the counter, or through an exchange, or via some other trading venue such as an electronic trading platform.
explanatory note: Whether a contract or other economic right is a security essentially depends on whether the holder of the contract is acting as an investor who seeks financial benefits based on the work of a promoter or a third party.
definition: financial instrument that can be bought or sold
broader: financial instrument
explanatory note: In the U.S., the Supreme Court has adopted a flexible and liberal approach in determining what constitutes a security. In its famous decision of SEC v. W.J. Howey Co., 328 U.S. 293, 90 L.Ed. 1244, 66 S.Ct. 1100 (1946), the Court held that land sales contracts for citrus groves in Florida, coupled with warranty deeds for the land and a contract to service the land, were 'investment contracts' and thus securities. The Court stated that [a]n investment contract for purposes of the Securities Act means a contract, transaction or scheme whereby a person invests his money in a common enterprise and is led to expect profits solely from the efforts of the promoter or a third party. 66 S.Ct. at 1103. According to the Court, it is immaterial whether the shares in the enterprise are evidenced by formal certificates or by nominal interests in the physical assets employed in the enterprise. 66 S.Ct. at 1104.
adapted from: Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended 12 August 2012

financial instrument
type: Concept
broader: written contract
definition: written contract that gives rise to both a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability of another entity
example: Examples of financial instruments include: cash, evidence of an ownership interest in an entity, or a contractual right to receive (or deliver) cash, or another financial instrument.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ifrs.org/content/dam/ifrs/publications/pdf-standards/english/2021/issued/part-a/ias-32-financial-instruments-presentation.pdf
explanatory note: A financial instrument can be thought of as a template that defines an arrangement structure that remains to be fleshed out with terms and parameters in order to establish a specific instance of the contract.

written contract
type: Concept
broader: contract
definition: formal contract that is written and signed by the parties thereto
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

contract
type: Concept
broader: agreement
definition: voluntary, deliberate agreement between competent parties to which the parties agree to be legally bound, and for which the parties provide valuable consideration
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that the data of issuance may be, but is not always, the same as the effective date.
explanatory note: A contractual relationship is evidenced by (1) an offer, (2) acceptance of the offer, and a (3) valid (legal and valuable) consideration. A contract is a kind of agreement, and as such it embodies the assertion that it has been negotiated, such negotiation having included the presence of some offer and the acceptance of that offer on the part of either or both of the parties.
explanatory note: Contracts are usually written but may be spoken or implied, and generally have to do with employment, sale or lease, or tenancy.

agreement
type: Concept
definition: negotiated understanding between two or more parties, reflecting the offer and acceptance of commitments on the part of either party
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: All agreements are time bound, whether implicit or explicitly stated, and thus an agreement reflects a state of affairs that holds for some period of time.

debt instrument
type: Concept
broader: credit agreement
broader: financial instrument
definition: financial instrument and credit agreement evidencing monies owed by the issuer to the holder on terms as specified
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI code), Fourth edition, 2019-10.

credit agreement
type: Concept
broader: written contract
definition: contractual agreement in which a debtor receives something of value and typically agrees to repay the creditor by some date in the future, in some form (e.g., cash, securities, etc.), generally with interest
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

tradable fund unit
type: Concept
broader: equity instrument
broader: fund unit
broader: negotiable security
definition: security representing a tradable interest in a fund
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Tradable fund units typically occur in collective investment schemes such as mutual funds or exchange-traded funds (ETFs), where units are bought and sold on regulated markets.

equity instrument
type: Concept
broader: security
definition: financial instrument representing an ownership interest in an entity or pool of assets
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI code), Fourth edition, 2019-10.

fund unit
type: Concept
broader: contractual interest
definition: quantified share of beneficial interest in a pooled fund, representing a proportional claim on the fund's assets, income, or entitlements
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Fund units are allocated to a participant, investor, or beneficiary according to the fund's governing structure.
explanatory note: A fund unit may be tradable or non-tradable depending on the legal form, regulatory status, and operational framework of the fund.

contractual interest
type: Concept
broader: contractual right
definition: legally enforceable benefit or entitlement arising from a contract, agreement, or instrument, in which an entity holds specified rights or obligations related to the performance, use, or benefit of something, without necessarily holding ownership
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Contractual interest may include rights to income, access, use, or participation, and is governed by the terms and conditions of the underlying contract. It may be transferable or limited, and can coexist with or be independent of ownership rights.
explanatory note: Contractual interests differ from ownership interests in terms of (1) the source of rights, which are specified in an agreement or contract in the case of contractual interests, and in terms of title or equity with respect to ownership, (2) control, which is typically limited at best in the case of contractual interest, and (3) transferability, which depends on the terms of the contract. Examples of contractual interest include fund units, leaseholds, annuities, and rights to certain services, whereas shares, real estate, and assets of a trust reflect ownership interest.

contractual right
type: Concept
broader: right
definition: legally enforceable benefit or entitlement granted to a party within a binding agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Contractual rights are established by the terms of a contract, which can be explicit (written) or implied by law, industry standards, or consistent practices.

right
type: Concept
broader: legal construct
definition: entitlement to perform certain actions (or not), or to be in certain states (or not); or entitlement that requires others to perform certain actions or be in certain states (or not)
example: Examples include contractual rights, legal rights, human rights, political rights, and so forth.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Rights dominate modern understandings of what actions are permissible and which institutions are just. Rights structure the form of governments, the content of laws, and the shape of morality as many now see it. To accept a set of rights is to approve a distribution of freedom and authority, and so to endorse a certain view of what may, must, and must not be done. According to the Hohfeldian incidents (Wesley Hohfeld (1879-1918)), rights are complex and consist of four major components: privilege, claim, power, and immunity.

legal construct
type: Concept
definition: something which is conferred by way of law or contract, such as a right
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
editorial note: Obligations are an aspect of this category of thing, as are rights.

negotiable security
type: Concept
broader: security
broader: transferable contract
definition: security that can be transferred to another party
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

transferable contract
type: Concept
broader: written contract
definition: contract in which the rights and obligations of one party may be transferred to another party
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, enhanced voting, exchangeable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

enhanced voting share
type: Concept
broader: share
definition: share that confers more than one vote per share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

share
type: Concept
broader: equity instrument
definition: financial instrument that signifies a unit of equity ownership in a corporation, or a unit of ownership in a mutual fund, or interest in a general or limited partnership, or a unit of ownership in a structured product, such as a real estate investment trust
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

non-cumulative preferred share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share
definition: preferred share whose dividend payments are not carried forward
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred share
type: Concept
broader: share
definition: share that pays dividends at a specified rate and has preference over common shares in the payment of dividends and liquidation of corporate assets
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: preference share

registered security
type: Concept
broader: security
definition: security that is registered with some registration authority
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

exchangeable preferred share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share
definition: preferred share that may be exchanged for a security of another issuer
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

defines terms for
type: Concept
has in domain: contract
definition: relates a contract to something for which the contract defines legally binding terms and conditions
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has individual postcode
type: Concept
has in domain: physical address
definition: indicates the local or international postcode element of a delivery address as specified by the local postal service
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1
has in range: postcode

physical address
type: Concept
usage note: Typically, addresses will have only one postcode expressed either as a string value or individual, and only a municipality (individual) or city (string value).
broader: address
definition: physical address where communications can be addressed, papers served or representatives located for any kind of organization or person
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: An address may be used as an index to the location of a building, apartment, office within an office block, or other structure or parcel of land, often using political boundaries and street names as references, along with other information such as house or building numbers or names. Some addresses also contain secondary elements such as apartment or building numbers, or special codes to aid routing of mail and packages.

address
type: Concept
broader: index
definition: index to a location to which communications may be delivered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

index
type: Concept
definition: indirect shortcut derived from and pointing into, a greater volume of values, data, information or knowledge
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition origin: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index

postcode
type: Concept
definition: sequence of characters used to assist in the sorting of mail
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: postal code

financial product catalog
type: Concept
broader: catalog
definition: catalog of financial products and/or services available for sale with their description and other product details
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Nordea Bank

catalog
type: Concept
broader: publication
definition: publication including a list of products available for sale with their descriptions and possibly prices
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

publication
type: Concept
definition: document offered for general distribution and usually produced in multiple copies
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 5127:2017, Information and documentation - Foundation and vocabulary
explanatory note: A publication can be anything made public by print (such as a newspaper, magazine, pamphlet, letter, telegram, via computer modem or program, or in a poster, brochure or pamphlet), orally, or by broadcast (radio, television).

quoted price
type: Concept
broader: monetary price
definition: a monetary price quoted by some publisher on a given date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

monetary price
type: Concept
broader: monetary amount
broader: price
definition: price that that is expressed as a monetary amount
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: As the consideration given in exchange for transfer of ownership, price forms the essential basis of commercial transactions. It may be fixed by a contract, left to be determined by an agreed upon formula at a future date, or discovered or negotiated during the course of dealings between the parties involved. In commerce, price is determined by what (1) a buyer is willing to pay, (2) a seller is willing to accept, and (3) the competition is allowing to be charged.

monetary amount
type: Concept
definition: measure that is an amount of money specified in monetary units
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

price
type: Concept
definition: amount of money, goods, or services requested, expected, required, or given in exchange for something else
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has interest accrual date offset
type: Concept
has in domain: strip strategy
definition: indicates the period in days between each reset date and the commencement of interest accrual for the next period
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Duration

strip strategy
type: Concept
broader: option trading strategy
definition: option trading strategy that involves a sequential set of options with periodic reset dates, such that each period between resets behaves like an individual option
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Typically, a strip is a strategy that involves being long in one call position and two put options, all with the same strike price on a single underlying stock. The investor who adopts this strategy believes that the underlying price of the stock will plummet in the near-term future. All three of the options will have the same expiration date and the same strike price. If the investor is correct and the price drastically decreases, the puts will pay out substantially. If the investor is wrong and the price of the underlying asset increases, the call option will mitigate the loss. The period between resets may be called a Caplet or Floorlet.

option trading strategy
type: Concept
broader: trading strategy
definition: trading tactic involving more than one option type, strike price, or expiration date on the same underlying asset
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that some trading strategies may be considered financial instruments in their own right, but most strategies are not. The critical differentiators include whether the strategy itself can be traded, whether it has a financial instrument identifier independently from the identifier(s) of the embedded instrument(s), such as a FIGI or ISIN, and so forth.
explanatory note: Option trading strategies refer to buying calls or put options or selling calls or put options or both together for the purpose of limiting losses and/or optimizing profits. Basically, these strategies utilize one or more combinations for the best outcome possible based on defined parameters. Simple combinations include option spread trades such as vertical spreads, calendar (or horizontal) spreads, and diagonal spreads. More involved combinations include trades such as condor or butterfly spreads which are actually combinations of two vertical spreads.

trading strategy
type: Concept
broader: strategy
definition: approach used for buying and selling in the securities markets
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A trading strategy is a plan whose aim is to make a profit or hedge against risk, based on rules and other criteria used when making trading decisions. A trading strategy may be simple or complex, and involve considerations such as investment style (e.g., value vs. growth), market cap, technical indicators, fundamental analysis, industry sector, level of portfolio diversification, time horizon or holding period, risk tolerance, leverage, tax considerations, and so on.

strategy
type: Concept
broader: approach
definition: high-level approach that guides decision-making and the coordination of actions and plans in pursuit of some aim
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A strategy is a high-level plan or approach designed to achieve a long-term goal or outcome, often by choosing among different possible methods or courses of action. A strategy may involve activities that are needed in order to achieve specific goals or objectives. It may take into account one or more policies or any number of restrictions and constraints. Strategies are typically distinguished by long-term orientation, adaptive planning, and broad scope.

approach
type: Concept
definition: way of addressing an aim or problem characterized by high-level planning and systematic execution, without presupposing scope or granularity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

regulated exchange
type: Concept
abbreviation: RM
broader: exchange
adapted from: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/regulated-market.asp
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: regulated market that is operated by and/or managed by a market operator that brings together or facilitates the bringing together of multiple third-party buying and selling interests in financial instruments
synonym: regulated market
explanatory note: In the financial community in the EU, such an exchange operates in accordance with its non-discretionary rules in a way that results in a contract, in respect of the financial instruments admitted to trading under its rules and/or systems, and which is authorised and functions regularly and in accordance with the provisions of Title III of MiFID II.

exchange
type: Concept
definition: any organization, association, or group of persons, whether incorporated or unincorporated, which constitutes, maintains, or provides a facility for bringing together purchasers and sellers of financial instruments, commodities, or other products, services, or goods, and includes the market place and facilities maintained by such exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10383, Securities and related financial instruments - Codes for exchanges and market identification (MIC), Third edition, 2012-10-01, confirmed 2018-03-29
adapted from: Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended 12 August 2012
explanatory note: An exchange is typically a corporation or mutual organization that provides securities trading services, where securities may be bought and sold by third parties. As a facility, an exchange is also a place of trade associated with a particular site, i.e., stock exchange, regulated market such as an Electronic Trading Platform (ECN), or unregulated market, such as an Automated Trading System (ATS), or market data provider. Stock exchanges also provide facilities for the issue and redemption of securities as well as other financial instruments and capital events including the payment of income and dividends. The securities traded on a stock exchange include: shares issued by companies, unit trusts, derivatives, pooled investment products and bonds. To be able to trade a security on a certain stock exchange, it has to be listed there. Usually there is a central location at least for recordkeeping, but trade is less and less linked to such a physical place, as modern markets are electronic networks, which gives them advantages of speed and cost of transactions. Trade on an exchange is by members only.
synonym: market

international address
type: Concept
broader: physical address
definition: physical address that explicitly includes a country
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

future on swap
type: Concept
broader: financial future
definition: futures contract whose underlying asset is at least one swap contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

financial future
type: Concept
broader: future
definition: futures contract based on underlying assets excluding commodities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

future
type: Concept
broader: derivative instrument
definition: derivative instrument that obligates the buyer to receive and the seller to deliver the assets specified at an agreed price, at some later point in time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI code), Fourth edition, 2019-10.
explanatory note: A futures contract obligates the buyer to pay the seller a predetermined price based on the market value of the underlier, unless the contract is sold before settlement date which may happen if a trader waits to take a profit or cut a loss. This contrasts with options trading in which the option buyer may choose whether or not to exercise the option. Futures are distinguished from generic forward contracts in that they contain standardized terms, trade on a formal exchange, are regulated by overseeing agencies, and are guaranteed by clearing houses. Also, in order to insure that payment will occur, futures have a margin requirement that must be settled daily. Finally, by making an offsetting trade, taking delivery of goods, or arranging for an exchange of goods, futures contracts can be closed. Hedgers often trade futures for the purpose of keeping price risk in check.
synonym: futures contract

derivative instrument
type: Concept
adapted from: Parameswaran, Sunil. Fundamentals of Financial Instruments: An Introduction to Stocks, Bonds, Foreign Exchange, and Derivatives. John Wiley and Sons (Asia) Pte. Lte., Singapore, 2011.
example: The three major categories of derivatives are (1) forward and future contracts, (2) options contracts, and (3) swaps. The most common underlying assets include stocks, bonds, commodities, currencies, interest rates and market indexes.
explanatory note: Derivative contracts owe their availability to the existence of markets for an underlying asset or a portfolio of assets on which such agreements are written. The derivative itself is merely a contract between two or more parties. Its value is determined by fluctuations in the underlying asset. Most derivatives are characterized by high leverage.
synonym: derivative contract
broader: financial instrument
scope note: Derivatives can be characterized by whether they are exchange-traded or traded over-the-counter (OTC).
definition: financial instrument that confers on its holders certain rights or obligations, whose value is derived from one or more underlying assets
usage note: Note that the quantity value associated with the derivative represents the quantity of the underlier. The price of the underlier is included in settlement terms.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

corporate bylaws
type: Concept
broader: bylaws
definition: written rules for conduct of a corporation, adopted by the board of directors
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Corporate bylaws may contain any provision, not inconsistent with law or with the certificate of incorporation, relating to the business of the corporation, the conduct of its affairs, and its rights or powers or the rights or powers of its stockholders, directors, officers or employees. Changes to the bylaws of a corporation require a board-level resolution and may require a vote of the shareholders.

bylaws
type: Concept
broader: law
definition: written rules for conduct of a corporation, association, partnership or any organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: membership agreement
synonym: byelaws

law
type: Concept
definition: rule recognized by some community as regulating the behavior of its members and that it may enforce through the imposition of penalties
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Law is a term which does not have a universally accepted definition. Certain laws are made by governments, specifically by their legislatures although the sense intended here is broader. The formation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution (written or unwritten) and the rights encoded therein. The law shapes politics, economics and society in countless ways and serves as a social mediator of relations between people.

preferred, non-voting, redeemable exchangeable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
type: Concept
broader: preferred share
definition: preferred share whose dividend rate varies according to some benchmark
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

non-voting share
type: Concept
broader: share
definition: share that has no voting right
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

board of directors
type: Concept
broader: entity controlling party
definition: group of people comprising the governing body of an organization that has the authority to set organizational strategy and policies as well as to select and, to some degree manage, leadership
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: For a public, for profit organization, its members (directors) are elected normally by the subscribers (stockholders) of the firm (generally at an annual general meeting) to govern the firm and look after the subscribers' interests. In the case of a not-for-profit organization, the board ensures the organization is acting in line with its mission. The board has the ultimate decision-making authority and, in general, is empowered to (1) set the company's policy, objectives, and overall direction, (2) adopt bylaws, (3) name members of the advisory, executive, finance, and other committees, (4) hire, monitor, evaluate, and fire the managing director and senior executives, (5) determine and pay the dividend, and (6) issue additional shares. Though all its members might not be engaged in the company's day-to-day operations, the entire board is held liable (under the doctrine of collective responsibility) for the consequences of the firm's policies, actions, and failures to act. Members of the board usually include senior-most executives (called inside directors or executive directors) as well as experts or respected persons chosen from the wider community (called outside directors or non-executive directors).

entity controlling party
type: Concept
broader: controlling party
definition: party that has the authority to control some legal entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: It is assumed that since control follows from some form of ownership or contractual instrument, that the range of entities which may fulfil this party role is the same as that for entity ownership, namely a logical union of natural persons, legal persons and formal organizations.
editorial note: This type of party is either asserted to be the case by the entity itself or some other party, or is determined through some analysis or calculation based on the available information about controlling interests.

employment situation establishment survey
type: Concept
broader: employment situation survey
definition: survey conducted on a regular basis that presents analytical information related to the labor force of a given statistical area, surveyed with respect to businesses, and is, for the most part, seasonally adjusted
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=6358041

employment situation survey
type: Concept
broader: current employment statistics
broader: current population survey
definition: a survey conducted on a regular basis that presents analytical information focused on the employment characteristics of a given statistical area
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: about.htm

current employment statistics
type: Concept
broader: statistical program
definition: survey conducted on a regular basis that presents analytical information related to businesses and government agencies, in order to provide detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ces

statistical program
type: Concept
broader: program
definition: program that presents a detailed investigation and analysis of a subject or situation involving one or more studies or surveys
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

program
type: Concept
definition: state of affairs and coordinated set of activities designed to obtain benefits not available from managing them individually
preferred label: programme
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.prince2.com/usa/blog/project-vs-programme

current population survey
type: Concept
broader: statistical program
definition: survey conducted on a regular basis that presents analytical information related to the general population of a given statistical area with respect to labor force, employment, unemployment, persons not in the labor force, hours of work, earnings, and other demographic and labor force characteristics
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: cps

ownership control situation
type: Concept
definition: situation in which some party owns and controls something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

full amortization
type: Concept
broader: amortization
definition: amortization in which the very last payment (which, if the schedule was calculated correctly, should be equal to all others) pays off all remaining principal and interest on the loan
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

amortization
type: Concept
definition: the process of reduction of debt or other costs through periodic charges to assets or liabilities, such as through principal payments on mortgages
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

close-out netting provision
type: Concept
broader: netting provision
definition: netting provision that may be triggered when a counterparty defaults, leading to the termination of all outstanding transactions between the parties
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In the case of close-out netting, the financial positions of the defaulting party are assessed to determine their worth, and total amounts owed are offset, resulting in a single net payment obligation.
synonym: close out netting provision

netting provision
type: Concept
broader: contractual commitment
definition: contractual element that specifies the method of reducing credit, settlement and other risks by aggregating (combining) two or more obligations to achieve a reduced net obligation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

contractual commitment
type: Concept
broader: contractual element
definition: provision specifying something that the contracting parties agree to, i.e., a promise or pledge made by one of the parties to perform some action or fulfill some duty
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: Contractual commitments include general conditions which are common to all types of contracts, such as general and special arrangements, provisions, requirements, rules, rights and obligations, specifications, and standards that form an integral part of an agreement or contract, as well as special conditions which are peculiar to a specific contract (such as, contract change conditions, payment conditions, price variation clauses, penalties). Such a commitment indicates an intention or willingness to do something, which may not be legally binding, for example, to negotiate in good faith.

contractual element
type: Concept
definition: element, such as an arrangement, provision, requirement, rule, specification, and standard that forms an integral part of an agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

judiciary
type: Concept
broader: branch of government
definition: branch of government that comprises the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in the name of the supranational, national, federal, or regional government, depending on its jurisdiction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The judiciary also provides a mechanism for the resolution of disputes. Under the doctrine of the separation of powers, the judiciary generally does not make law (that is, in a plenary fashion, which is the responsibility of the legislature) or enforce law (which is the responsibility of the executive), but rather interprets law and applies it to the facts of each case.

branch of government
type: Concept
broader: government body
definition: division of the government of a state, with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility so that the powers of one branch are not in conflict with the powers associated with the other branches
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.usa.gov/branches-of-government

government body
type: Concept
definition: formal organization that is an agency, instrumentality, or other body of a supranational, national, federal, state, or local government, including certain multijurisdictional agencies and departments that carry out the business of government
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Identifying government bodies is a pre-requisite for identifying government officials. This information is needed to help ensure compliance with applicable laws relating to bribery or corruption, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), the UK Bribery Act 2010 (UKBA), the U.S. Bank Bribery Act (Bribery Act), and other anti-bribery and corruption laws in the jurisdictions where financial institutions conduct business.

commodity derivative underlier
type: Concept
broader: underlier
definition: underlier of a commodity derivative, including, but not limited to, the negotiable commodity itself
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The underlying of a commodity swap may include a physical commodity, or the price, or behavior of the price, or any other aspect of a physical commodity.

underlier
type: Concept
definition: something that can be assigned a value in the marketplace that forms the basis for a derivative or pool-backed instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Underlier means any rate (including interest and foreign exchange rates), currency, commodity, security, instrument of indebtedness, index, quantitative measure, occurrence or non-occurrence of an event, or other financial or economic interest, or property of any kind, or any interest therein or based on the value thereof, in or by reference to which any payment or delivery under a transaction is to be made or determined.

is employee of
type: Concept
has in domain: employee
definition: identifies the formal organization for which the employee works
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: employer

employee
type: Concept
definition: person in the service of another under any contract of hire, express or implied, oral or written, where the employer has the right to control and direct that person in the material details of how the work is to be performed
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

employer
type: Concept
definition: party that provides compensation, including wages or a salary and potentially other benefits, in exchange for work performed by one or more people, and that has the right to control and direct the employee in the material details of how the work is to be performed
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

notional step schedule
type: Concept
broader: step schedule
broader: projected contract event schedule
definition: schedule of changes in the notional amount on which interest is paid, comprising the regular sequence of step events
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

step schedule
type: Concept
broader: schedule
definition: schedule specifying the date(s) and change in a contractual term(s), e.g., rate or notional amount, for a contract that has a feature where stipulated changes occur at specified intervals or on specified dates
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

schedule
type: Concept
definition: collection of events, observations, or other occurrences and the associated dates and/or times when they will be done
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The overall period covers the entire DatePeriod of the Schedule, from the earliest Date to the final Date of the Schedule. Schedules may be ad hoc, essentially a list of dates and events without any consistency in the durations between events, regular, in which case there is a consistently recurring interval between events, or a combination of the two. There may be a single overall period, or more than one if the schedule is extended for some reason.

projected contract event schedule
type: Concept
broader: regular schedule
definition: schedule of events, including but not limited to anticipated payment events, rate reset events and others that are expected to occur over the lifetime of the contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A projected schedule is a regular schedule that documents the anchor dates and frequency of occurrences, using rules, rather than providing an explicit list of dates. This method will project future event dates (transaction event dates), based on the frequencies specified and may be adjusted due to calendar restrictions and other rules to deal with holidays, weekends, and so forth in addition to contract-specific events.

regular schedule
type: Concept
example: An ISDA FpML schedule has a specified date (via a convention), and a date roll rule which is specified for the whole schedule and applies to each of the dates returned by the parametric specification of the schedule. It has: (1) a schedule beginning and end; (2) a set of regular repeating periods: the scheduled event takes place once per period; (3) optionally one or two stubs (one start and one end), which may be longer than the repeating period, or shorter. The precise parameters used are: Start of the overall Schedule period: Effective Date End of the overall Schedule period: Termination Date Start of first regular period: not specified (assume Effective Date) Length of each regular period: Frequency (a duration) There are generally three ways in which the regular periods of a parametric schedule may be expressed: first plus last first plus period length last plus period length event date plus period length. In FpML, Roll events (the date that something rolls over from the value used in one period to the value used in the next) is defined in a Roll Convention, which may be a day of the month, a day of the week, or some published set of dates, typically the ISDA quarterly dates for these events. This is therefore the date within the regular period (before adjustments) when the event occurs. This is in addition to a date for the start or end of such a period. In general this applies to the Calculation Schedule (i.e. the event is the calculation event) with other dates specified relative to this, however in principle the other related events (payment and reset or refix) are specified relative to this.
explanatory note: A parametric schedule is a regular schedule for one of the events that occur in a periodic schedule of interest accruals, interest payments, and (for floating rate swapstreams), changes to the interest rate. Parametric schedules may be specified individually but more commonly, calculation events are scheduled, with other dates specified as offsets. In a regular schedule, related dates may be independently parametrically scheduled.
synonym: parametric schedule
usage note: Other ontologies can extend RegularSchedule as needed. In particular, the Occurrences ontology extends RegularSchedule to 'comprise' an 'OccurrenceKind'. The intended meaning is that a regular schedule comprises a number of scheduled dates and an event which is scheduled to occur on each of those dates, in other words an Occurrence of the OccurrenceKind should happen on each Date defined by the RegularSchedule.
editorial note: The BusinessDates ontology extends 'RegularSchedule' with an optional BusinessDayAdjustment that specifies what should happen if a scheduled date falls on a weekend or a holiday.
definition: schedule whose time intervals recur regularly
example: A 30 year mortgage is payable monthly on the 10th of the month, starting July 2015. The mortgage is issued on June 15, 2015 so the first payment is for the period June 15-June 30, and the last payment is for June 1-14 2045. The payment schedule is a RegularSchedule with these properties: * comprises: regular payment OccurrenceKind (with payment details) (see the 'comprises' property of the Occurrences ontology) * hasInitialStub: June 15-30, 2015 for initial payment * hasFinalStub: June 1-14, 2045 for final payment * hasCount: 358 * hasOverallPeriod starting Date: June 15, 2015 with a duration of 30 years * hasRecurrenceInterval: specifies 10th day of each calendar month * hasRecurrenceStartDate: July 1, 2015
usage note: The recurrence start date can be an ExplicitDate or any kind of CalculatedDate. Hence, the starting date could be relative to another Date (e.g. T+3) or triggered by the Occurrence of an OccurrenceKind, etc. The recurrence start date can also be relative to the starting Date of the overall DatePeriod of the Schedule.
explanatory note: A RegularSchedule is a Schedule defined as a set of Dates that start on a recurrence start date and repeat after each recurrence interval. The size of this set is defined by a count. The 'initial ScheduleStub' associated with a RegularSchedule identifies any special treatment applied before the recurrence start date. Similarly, a 'final ScheduleStub' identifies any special handling at the end of the recurrences. For example, a mortgage loan that is due each calendar month may have an initial payment due before the first calendar month, or a final payment due after the last monthly payment.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: schedule
example: A corporate bond pays interest for 10 years starting on the first day of 2015. Interest payments are due 15 days after the expiration of each 6 month period: on July 15 and January 16. The payment schedule is a RegularSchedule, with these properties: * comprises: identifies the interest payment details * overall DatePeriod starting date is '2015-01-01', ending date is '2025-01-15', and duration is 'P10Y15D' * hasCount is 20 (2 payments per year for 10 years) * hasRecurrenceInterval is 'P6M' * hasRecurrenceStartDate is '2015-01-15'

has earliest redemption date
type: Concept
has in domain: equity redemption provision
definition: indicates a date on or after which a stock can be redeemed
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

equity redemption provision
type: Concept
broader: redemption provision
definition: redemption provision that specifies the conditions under which the issuer or shareholder may redeem the shares
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

redemption provision
type: Concept
broader: contractual commitment
definition: contract provision enabling the issuer (writer) to regain possession through repayment of some stipulated price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In general, redemption is synonymous with 'buy back' or 'cash in', depending on the kind of instrument. Redemption provisions are commonly applicable to the process of annulling a defeasible title, such as for a mortgage or tax sale, by paying the debt or fulfilling an obligation.

general ledger
type: Concept
definition: accounting record summarizing changes in position as transactions are posted during an accounting period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

eurodollar deposit
type: Concept
broader: certificate of deposit
definition: a certificate of deposit with a fixed interest rate issued in U.S. dollars outside the jurisdiction of the Federal Reserve, held at banks outside of the United States, including branches of U.S. banks located outside of the U.S.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A bank in Japan or Singapore may accept dollar deposits, but these are still called Eurodollar deposits. The market also includes other currencies, so there are Eurosterling, Euroyen, Euroswiss, etc. Eurocurrency is the general term for any currency deposited in bank branches outside countries where it is the national currency.

certificate of deposit
type: Concept
broader: cash instrument
definition: cash instrument associated with a time deposit account that cannot be withdrawn for a certain period of time (term)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CD
explanatory note: When the term is over it can be withdrawn or it can be held for another term. The longer the term the better the yield on the money.

cash instrument
type: Concept
broader: financial instrument
definition: financial instrument whose value is determined by the market and that is readily transferable (highly liquid)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: Cash instruments can be classified into two subgroups, as securities and other cash instruments such as loans and deposits.

industrial products sector
type: Concept
broader: industry sector classifier
definition: a classifier for a sector of the economy used for price indices focused on major commodities sold by manufacturers in Canada
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2SV.pl

industry sector classifier
type: Concept
definition: standardized classification or delineation for an organization, or possibly for a security representing an interest in a given organization, per some scheme for such delineation, by industry
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has investment ownership
type: Concept
has in domain: LegalPerson
definition: relates a legal person to the context in which it owns a formal organization
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: entity ownership

entity ownership
type: Concept
broader: ownership
definition: ownership by some party of an interest in some non-governmental formal organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

ownership
type: Concept
definition: situation in which some party holds the legal title to something (explicitly or implicitly) and has the right to transfer that title and/or possession
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Ownership is the right to possess, use, sell, donate or give as a gift any asset or property belonging to a person known as the 'owner'. An owner can be either a beneficial owner or a legal owner.

prospectus
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In the United States, a prospectus may be a formal legal document, required by and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, if it provides details about an investment offering for sale to the public.
adapted from: The Securities Act of 1933, as amended 5 April 2012, see http://www.sec.gov/about/laws/sa33.pdf
explanatory note: A prospectus may specify the facts about an offering of securities, mutual funds, or limited partnerships for investments in oil, gas, equipment leasing, or other kinds of limited partnerships.
broader: offering document
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014.
definition: formal, written offering document to sell securities that provides the facts an investor needs to make an informed investment decision

offering document
type: Concept
broader: publication
definition: legal document that states the objectives, risks and terms of an investment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: EDM Council
explanatory note: There are many variations, including offering memorandum, which is typically used in the context of a private placement, offering statement, which has slightly different meanings depending on the context (for securities, for bonds, etc.) and so forth. This concept is intended to act as a more abstract parent for these more nuanced concepts.

clearing service
type: Concept
broader: financial service
definition: service provided on behalf of an institutional market participant by a clearing services provider following a trade that finalizes the transfer of security ownership
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: EDM Council / Quarule

financial service
type: Concept
definition: service provided to consumers and businesses by financial institutions such as banks, insurance companies, brokerage firms, consumer finance companies, and investment companies
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is generated by
type: Concept
definition: identifies some party or something that produces something via some equation, logic, or rules
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has date received
type: Concept
definition: relates something to the date it arrived or was delivered, e.g., a loan application request
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

preferred, voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: extendable preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: single voting share

extendable preferred share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share
definition: preferred share whose redemption date can be extended at the issuer or holder option
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
explanatory note: An extendable preferred share may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption (meturity) date.
synonym: extendible preferred share

non-participating preferred share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share
definition: preferred share that is not a participating preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred share with fixed rate dividend
type: Concept
broader: preferred share
definition: preferred share whose dividends are set, typically according to the terms of the prospectus
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

single voting share
type: Concept
broader: share
definition: share that has the right to exactly one vote
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has first coupon payment date
type: Concept
has in domain: coupon payment terms
definition: specifies the first date on which the issuer or its agent expects or commits to make a coupon payment
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: The first coupon payment period can be long or short when this date doesn't coincide with the start of a normal coupon payment period.
explanatory note: The first coupon date sometimes occurs at an irregular time; that is, if the bond pays coupons every six months, the first coupon period may be longer or shorter than six months.
has in range: ExplicitDate

coupon payment terms
type: Concept
broader: interest payment terms
definition: terms for payment of interest on a bond
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

interest payment terms
type: Concept
broader: debt terms
definition: contract terms for payment of interest on a debt
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Interest is usually payable on any outstanding principal amount, therefore interest relates to the amount of debt outstanding at any given point of time, not to the principal amount advanced at the time that the loan was advanced or the debt security issued (aside from the initial payment).
explanatory note: Note that in most cases, the dates and payment frequencies for interest will coincide with the dates and payment frequencies related to the principal.

debt terms
type: Concept
broader: contractual commitment
definition: contract terms that specify the formal rights and obligations of borrower and lender under a contract in which funds are lent from the one party to the other
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: These may be terms in a loan contract (including for example a mortgage contract) or they may be the contractual terms of a debt security.

has formula
type: Concept
definition: specifies a concise way of expressing information symbolically, as in a mathematical or chemical formula
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: formula

formula
type: Concept
definition: rule expressed in letters and symbols that consists of at least one expression
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: complex expression

affiliation
type: Concept
broader: control
definition: situation in which a controlled party is affiliated with a controlling party for some period of time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

control
type: Concept
definition: situation in which some party has the power to direct or strongly influence the direction of the management and policies related to something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Control may be direct (explicit) or indirect (implicit), derived through ownership of voting shares, beneficial ownership, other ownership relations, through provisions of a contract, or otherwise.

treasury bond
type: Concept
broader: sovereign bond
broader: U.S. Treasury security
definition: long term term coupon bearing treasury obligation issued in terms of 20 years or 30 years that pays interest every six months until they mature
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

sovereign bond
type: Concept
broader: sovereign debt instrument
broader: government bond
definition: bond issued by the government of a country
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Sovereign bonds issued by G20 developed countries are generally full faith and credit obligations. Sovereign bonds issued by emerging and developing countries may be issued in local currency or a G7 currency, and may either be full faith and credit (unsecured) or secured.

sovereign debt instrument
type: Concept
broader: government issued debt security
definition: debt security issued by the government of a country
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

government issued debt security
type: Concept
broader: debt instrument
definition: debt security issued by some government on behalf of some polity, including sovereign and municipal debt
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

government bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
broader: government issued debt security
definition: debt security issued by a government to fund government spending
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: government-issued bond

bond
type: Concept
broader: tradable debt instrument
broader: credit agreement repaid at maturity
definition: tradable debt instrument representing a loan in which the issuer owes the holder(s) a debt
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Depending on the terms of the contract, the issuer is obliged to pay interest (the coupon) and/or to repay the principal at maturity. The most common bonds are corporate or governmental, typically used to finance specific projects or operations.

credit agreement repaid at maturity
type: Concept
broader: credit agreement
definition: credit agreement in which accrued interest may be periodically repaid or paid at maturity, but principal is paid at maturity
example: The most common example of a credit agreement repaid at maturity is a bond.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

U.S. Treasury security
type: Concept
broader: sovereign debt instrument
definition: debt instrument issued by the United States Department of the Treasury that carries a full faith and credit guarantee
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, redeemable exchangeable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-voting share
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: non-participating preferred share

preferred, voting, perpetual, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: perpetual preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: single voting share
broader: registered security
broader: participating preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend

cumulative preferred share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share
definition: preferred share whose dividends, if not paid on time, accumulate until paid out
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: These dividends have precedence over ordinary dividends which cannot be paid until any cumulative dividend obligations have been paid. Dividends are typically deferred due to insufficient earnings or other business reasons.

perpetual preferred share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share
definition: preferred share that has no fixed maturity date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

participating preferred share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share
definition: preferred share that, in addition to paying a stipulated dividend, gives the holder the right to participate with common share holders in additional distributions of earnings under specified conditions
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Participating preferred shares are rare, typically only issued when needed to attract investors.

basket Of indices constituent
type: Concept
broader: weighted basket constituent
broader: dated collection constituent
definition: single constituent of a basket of indices
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

weighted basket constituent
type: Concept
broader: basket constituent
definition: component of a basket whose relative importance with respect to other basket constituents is known
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

basket constituent
type: Concept
definition: component of a basket
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

dated collection constituent
type: Concept
usage note: The use of custom datatypes is outside the OWL 2 RL profile and so users should consider commenting out the restriction on hasObservedDateTime altogether or change the data range to rdfs:Literal in applications that are constrained to OWL 2 RL.
definition: element of a collection that is associated with a date and time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that the use of several options for the representation of a date and time stamp enables extensions for milliseconds, nanoseconds using an xsd:string that has the format of an xsd:dateTime datatype but extends the level of granularity consistently. An example of where this is required is to represent prices that change multiple times in a given day.

has date of birth
type: Concept
has in domain: person
definition: identifies the date on which an individual was born
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: date of birth

person
type: Concept
definition: individual human being, with consciousness of self
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: natural person

date of birth
type: Concept
definition: explicit date, i.e., the day, month and year, on which an individual was born
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: birth date
synonym: birthday

is index to
type: Concept
has in domain: index
definition: that to which the index refers
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

preferred, voting, extendable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) registry entry
type: Concept
definition: entry in a Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) registry
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: FIGI registry entry
adapted from: https://www.omg.org/spec/FIGI

cliquet option
type: Concept
broader: exotic option
definition: exotic option that is a series of at-the-money (ATM) options, either puts or calls, where each successive option becomes active when the previous one expires
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A cliquet is a series of forward start options, all related to each other. Each forward start option represents the advance purchase of a put, or call, option with an at-the-money (ATM) strike price to be determined at a later date, typically when the option becomes active. A forward start option becomes active at a specified date in the future. The premium is paid in advance, while the time to expiration and the underlying security are established at the time the forward start option is purchased. If at the first settlement date the underlying security trades below the strike price of the option (for a call), then it expires worthless and resets to the price of the underlying security at the time of settlement. If at the end of the next settlement the underlying security trades above the new strike, the holder may elect to receive the difference between the market price of the underlying security and the strike price. Alternatively, the holder can let it ride to receive the sum of all payouts at maturity. The main advantage of initiating a cliquet is, if an investor expects volatility to rise, they can lock in their profits at predetermined levels and thus maximize their overall portfolio return.
explanatory note: A cliquet is a cash-settled, exotic option that settles at predetermined dates and then resets its strike price based on the price of the underlying security at the time of settlement. Each new option within the cliquet enters into force when the previous option expires. The total premium and the exact reset dates are known at the time of transacting a cliquet. Investors can opt to receive their payout when each option expires or wait until the entire series plays out.
synonym: rachet option

exotic option
type: Concept
broader: option
broader: over-the-counter derivative instrument
definition: option that has a non-standard payout structure or other feature
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) glossary, https://www.cftc.gov/LearnAndProtect/EducationCenter/CFTCGlossary/glossary_e.html
explanatory note: Exotic options include Asian options and lookback options, and are mostly traded in the over-the-counter market.

option
type: Concept
broader: derivative instrument
definition: derivative instrument that grants to the holder either the privilege to purchase or the privilege to sell the assets specified at a predetermined price or formula at or within a time period in the future
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI code), Fourth edition, 2019-10.

over-the-counter derivative instrument
type: Concept
broader: over-the-counter instrument
note: ISO 4914 defines an OTC derivative instrument as a financial instrument that is, or would be, identified by an ISIN with the prefix 'EZ' or 'ZZ'. Details regarding how the prefix of an ISIN is determined can be found in ISO 6166:2020, Annex A.
broader: derivative instrument
abbreviation: OTC derivative instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: derivative instrument that is not listed on an organized exchange
source: ISO 4914:2021(en), Financial services - Unique product identifier (UPI)

over-the-counter instrument
type: Concept
broader: financial instrument
definition: financial instrument and bilateral contract that is not listed on an organized exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: OTC instrument

ABA RTN registry entry
type: Concept
definition: an entry in the ABA RTN registry, a repository of financial institution characteristics collected by the ABA Registrar on behalf of the ABA
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is issued in form
type: Concept
has in domain: security
broader: is evidenced by
broader: is exemplified by
definition: indicates the form in which the security is issued, typically in registered form
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: security form

is evidenced by
type: Concept
definition: is attested by
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

is exemplified by
type: Concept
definition: is made concrete or is realized by
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

security form
type: Concept
broader: contract document
definition: nature of the proof of ownership of a security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Securities are typically issued in one of two forms, registered or bearer. Most securities issued today are in registered form, which enables the issuing firm or registrar to keep records of a security's owner and mail them any dividend, coupon, or other payments. Registered securities may be issued in book entry (digital only) or certificate (physical) form, but most today are entirely digital.

contract document
type: Concept
definition: legal document that records the formal terms and conditions of some contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: Written here does not necessarily mean a paper document but includes situations in which the contract is expressed electronically, whether as an electronic representation of a formal document such as in PDF form or as an electronic message, provided in the latter case that the message is expressly given formal contractual standing, for example as indicated in a separate covering agreement between the parties.

capital-labor multifactor productivity (MFP), based on value added
type: Concept
broader: productivity
definition: ratio of a quantity index of value added to a quantity index of combined labor and capital input
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.oecd.org/std/productivity-stats/2352458.pdf
explanatory note: Capital-labour MFP indices show the time profile of how productively combined labour and capital inputs are used to generate value added. Conceptually, capital-labour productivity is not, in general, an accurate measure of technical change. It is, however, an indicator of an industry's capacity to contribute to economy-wide growth of income per unit of primary input. In practice, the measure reflects the combined effects of disembodied technical change, economies of scale, efficiency change, variations in capacity utilisation and measurement errors.

productivity
type: Concept
broader: economic indicator
definition: economic indicator representing ratio of a volume measure of output to a volume measure of input use
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp
adapted from: http://www.oecd.org/std/productivity-stats/2352458.pdf
explanatory note: The primary objectives of productivity measurement include: (a) tracing technology change, i.e., the currently known ways of converting resources into outputs desired by the economy, (b) identifying changes in efficiency, (c) understanding real cost savings, (d) benchmarking production processes, and (e) assessing standards of living. Productivity measures may also be single factor or multifactor.

economic indicator
type: Concept
broader: scoped measure
definition: statistical measure of economic activity that is regular and comparable in the context of a statistical area (region), used for analysis of economic performance and predictions of future performance
example: Example indicators include the average work week, weekly claims for unemployment insurance, new orders, vendor performance, stock prices, and changes in the money supply.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Business and Economic Terms, Fifth Edition, 2012
explanatory note: The two main features of any indicator are the regularity with which they are measured and published, and the fact that they are comparable from one release to the next.

scoped measure
type: Concept
broader: qualified measure
definition: qualified measure that is constrained by filters on the statistical population to which it applies
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that (1) the anchor date reflects the start of the current series, such as 1982-1984 for the CPI, (2) the fixed comparative date might be something like March 2009, if one is comparing a current index against its value at the end of the great recession, (3) the relative comparative date might be something like a month or year ago, depending on the analysis requirements, and (4) the relative comparative period might be a 3 month average prior value, again depending on the analysis requirements.

qualified measure
type: Concept
broader: statistical measure
definition: statistical measure that is constrained by features, quantity kinds or units that refine how it is calculated
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

statistical measure
type: Concept
definition: summary (means, mode, total, index, etc.) of the individual quantitative variable values for the statistical units in a specific group (study domain)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp
explanatory note: Statistical measures may consist of several orthogonal characteristics, including (a) whether they reflect an estimate or variable, (b) the datatype, or from a FIBO perspective, nature of the measure (e.g., index, total, ratio, percent, percent change, mean, others), (c) the population (or the universe that applies to the highest level if defined in general) to which the measure applies, and (d) any relevant aspects used to subset or stratify a measure, (i.e., make them apply to a smaller universe).

has total points and fees
type: Concept
broader: has cost
definition: indicates a form of pre-paid interest, charged by the lender as an alternative to charging a higher rate of interest on the mortgage loan
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: One point equals one percent of the loan principal, and usually reduces the interest rate by 1/8 percent (0.125)

has cost
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
definition: has amount payable for principal, interest, fees or other expenses
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: This can entail adding up other prices and/or fees (e.g. 4 units * a unit price)

has monetary amount
type: Concept
definition: specifies a value for something in terms of an amount of money and the currency in which it is denoted
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

unlisted bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
definition: bond that is traded over the counter rather than via an exchange or other listing facility
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: OTC Bond

has objective
type: Concept
definition: aims to achieve within a time frame and with available resources
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: objective

objective
type: Concept
broader: aim
definition: aim distinguished by specific scope and measurable criteria, often quantitative and short-term that a party seeks to attain, typically in order to achieve its long-term goals
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

aim
type: Concept
definition: intention specifying a desired direction, condition, or situation toward which an agent's actions are directed, without requiring precise scope or measurable criteria
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Business aims are sometimes considered broad, long-term goals, and in such cases, the term 'aim' is used interchangeably with goal. Here, however we differentiate between qualitative goals and quantitative objectives, both of which are kinds of aims, with the critical differences including measurability and time frame. Goals tend to have a much longer trajectory, provide the basis for determining objectives, and are often aligned with an organization's mission, whereas objectives are short term and measurable.

joint venture partner
type: Concept
broader: entity controlling party
definition: party that shares capital, technology, human resources, risks, and benefits of an entity under shared control
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has subtrahend
type: Concept
has in domain: difference
definition: specifies the quantity value that is subtracted from something
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

difference
type: Concept
broader: statistical measure
definition: quantity by which amounts differ; the remainder left after subtraction of one value from another
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

rate reset time of day
type: Concept
definition: time of day that an interest rate is reset, as indicated by some interest rate authority or market data provider
example: Examples include certain rates published by the Federal Reserve Board in their H.15 schedule, which are published at 4:15 pm on business days that are not holidays in the US.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

basket option
type: Concept
broader: exotic option
definition: option whose underlying asset is a group, or basket, of commodities, securities, indices, or currencies
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: As with other options, a basket option gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell the basket at a specific price, on or before a certain date. This exotic option has all the characteristics of a standard option, but with the basis of the strike price on the weighted value of its components. Currency baskets are the most popular type of basket option, and they will settle in the holder's home currency. Because it involves just one transaction, a basket option often costs less than multiple single options as it saves on commissions and fees.

fund family
type: Concept
definition: collection of managed investments that are all managed by a single investment institution
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

certificate of participation
type: Concept
broader: debt instrument
definition: debt instrument evidencing a pro rata share in a specific pledged revenue stream, usually lease payments by the issuer that are typically subject to annual appropriation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: COP
explanatory note: A certificate of participation (COP) is a type of financing where an investor purchases a share of the lease revenues of a program rather than the bond being secured by those revenues. The certificate generally entitles the holder to receive a share, or participation, in the payments from a particular project. The payments are passed through the lessor to the certificate holders. The lessor typically assigns the lease and the payments to a trustee, which then distributes the payments to the certificate holders.

revocable trust
type: Concept
broader: trust
definition: trust in which legal ownership of the trust property is transferred to the trustee, but the trustor retains full power to revoke, modify or amend the trust
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

trust
type: Concept
broader: business entity
definition: fiduciary relationship and legal entity in which one party, known as a trustor, gives another party, the trustee, the right to hold title to and manage assets for the benefit of a third party, the beneficiary
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

business entity
type: Concept
definition: entity that is formed and administered as per commercial law in order to engage in business activities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: There are many types of business entities defined in the legal systems of various countries. These include corporations, cooperatives, partnerships, sole proprietorships, sole traders, limited liability companies, certain trusts and trust companies, and so forth. The rules vary by country and by state or province. Some of the more widely recognized types in the US, UK, and EU are defined in FIBO, by region. However, the regulations governing particular types of entity, even those described as roughly equivalent, differ from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.

license identifier
type: Concept
definition: an identifier associated with a license
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

sustainability structuring agent
type: Concept
broader: syndicate member
definition: financial institution appointed to help design, implement, and monitor the sustainability aspects of a syndicated green loan
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This role is typically present in sustainability-linked loans (SLLs) or green loans, which tie the loan's terms to the borrower's environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. The sustainability structuring agent's role is crucial in ensuring that the loan's sustainability metrics align with both the borrower's goals and the expectations of the participating lenders.

syndicate member
type: Concept
definition: role of an individual or organization that is a member of an alliance set up to pool resources and share risk with respect to a large transaction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: syndicate participant
synonym: participating member

fixed basket constituent
type: Concept
broader: basket constituent
broader: dated collection constituent
definition: component of a fixed basket
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

payroll deductions program number
type: Concept
broader: business number
definition: concatenation of an entity's business number, the 'RP' abbreviation and a 4-digit subaccount number used for reporting payroll deductions
example: 000000000RP0001
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/tax/businesses/topics/payroll/what-payroll-account.html
explanatory note: An organization may have more than one deduction account through its subunits, this is handled through additional 4-digit subaccount numbers. This is used as both an account and an identifier for the registration.

business number
type: Concept
broader: tax identifier
definition: unique, 9-digit number that is the standard identifier for legal entities in Canada which are typically a business
example: 000000000
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: BN
adapted from: https://www.canada.ca/en/services/taxes/business-number.html

tax identifier
type: Concept
definition: identifier assigned to a taxpayer that enables compulsory financial charges and other levies to be imposed on the taxpayer by a governmental organization in order to fund government spending and various public expenditures
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/taxation/standard-for-automatic-exchange-of-financial-account-information-in-tax-matters-second-edition_9789264267992-en
explanatory note: Tax identifiers are used for various tax-related purposes in the United States and in other countries under the Common Reporting Standard (CRS).

trade lifecycle
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle
definition: lifecycle that defines the evolution of a trade, from initiation through settlement
example: The trade life cycle covers the period of time over which a trade is initiated, typically as a part of a broader deal, is consumated, processed and executed, is settled or closed for other reasons, and is reported. Parts of a trade lifecycle may include or overlap with the lifecycle of one or more contracts.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

lifecycle
type: Concept
definition: arrangement that compares the cyclical nature of families, organizations, processes, products, marketing, and order management, portfolio management or other systems with the cradle to grave life stages (birth, growth, maturity, decay, and death) of living organisms
example: The product life cycle describes the period of time over which an item is developed, brought to market and eventually removed from the market. The cycle is broken into four stages: introduction, growth, maturity and decline. The idea of the product life cycle is used in marketing to decide when it is appropriate to advertise, reduce prices, explore new markets or create new packaging.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

dispersion swap index leg
type: Concept
broader: dispersion leg
definition: dispersion leg whose underlier is an equity index
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

dispersion leg
type: Concept
broader: performance-based variable leg
definition: floating leg of a dispersion swap that pays an amount based on the realized dispersion of the price changes of the underlying product
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Underlying assets may include, for example, exchange rates, interest rates, or the price of an index.
synonym: variance leg

performance-based variable leg
type: Concept
broader: floating leg
definition: floating leg of a swap that depends on some statistical measure of the performance of the underlier
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

floating leg
type: Concept
broader: swap leg
definition: swap leg whose paying party is obligated to make payments from time to time over the term of a swap calculated by reference to some variable rate, calculated based on the change in value of some underlying asset, or consisting of at least one payment of some floating amount
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: 2006 ISDA Definitions
adapted from: ISDA Disclosure Annex for Commodity Derivative Transactions. See https://globalmarkets.bnpparibas.com/gm/features/docs/dfdisclosures/ISDA_Commodity_Derivatives_Disclosure_Annex_04_2013.pdf

swap leg
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A three-leg financial swap is a more complex type of swap agreement where three different payment streams (or 'legs') are involved, as opposed to the traditional two-leg swaps (like fixed-for-floating interest rate swaps). This structure can be useful for sophisticated risk management or hedging strategies, particularly when exposure to multiple interest rates or currencies is desired.
explanatory note: A one-leg financing swap (also known as a single-leg financing swap) is a type of financial derivative, typically used by institutional investors or corporations, in which one party makes a series of fixed or floating payments to another party in exchange for a single upfront cash payment or financing.
definition: terms defining and the commitment to fulfill cashflow requirements (e.g., interest payments, coupon payments, etc.) for a component of a swap
broader: cashflow terms
broader: swap terms
explanatory note: In most cases, a swap has two legs, one expressing the obligations of the seller and one expressing the obligations of the buyer. However, it is possible to represent more complex swaps, with one, three or more legs. The legs can be almost anything but usually one leg involves cash flows based on a notional principal amount that both parties agree to.
explanatory note: For some swaps this may be a commitment to net up the difference between a strike and an outcome, rather than to make a series of cashflows over time. For credit default swaps there are conditional commitments, contingent on the occurrence of a credit event.
explanatory note: A two-leg financial swap is the most common type of swap agreement, where two counterparties exchange cash flows or obligations based on different financial variables. Each leg represents a stream of payments or flows tied to specific terms, such as fixed or floating interest rates, currencies, or commodities. The classic example of a two-leg swap is the interest rate swap, where one party pays a fixed interest rate while the other pays a floating interest rate.

cashflow terms
type: Concept
broader: derivative terms
broader: debt terms
definition: terms setting out a cashflow structure of payments committed to by one party to a contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
editorial note: Swap cashflows are known as Swapstreams and are the terms for payment to and from either party. These are defined in swap transaction messages and represent the terms of the contract implied by that transaction. Options (Nordea reviews): Cashflows are defined as Payouts. This is not the same as a model of a cashflow which is a consequence of applying some legal term for payment of interest or principal, but is a commitment expressed in purely cashflow terms. Review this though. Payout terms include: Values - values can only go up or down; Static values are defined for limits and the like. i.e. Constraints (and direction) - this covers caps and floors - these are read upward or downward Conditionality Formula relations (Input and Output): - these are values - these may have a cap or a floor on them also - these also may have Multiplication - there is also fixed margin - may have addition or substraction between these Linearity in covered in the above Timing / expiry Observaton (not terms): Probability Sensitivity

derivative terms
type: Concept
broader: contractual commitment
definition: contractual terms specific to derivative contracts, including terms related to payments and delivery between parties
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

swap terms
type: Concept
broader: derivative terms
definition: legal contractual terms of a swap transaction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has indicator value
type: Concept
definition: specifies a quantity value for a given indicator
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ScalarQuantityValue

disclosure provision
type: Concept
broader: contractual commitment
definition: contractual provision that outlines the requirements and responsibilities of one or both parties to reveal certain information to each other
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Disclosure provisions are crucial in ensuring transparency, mitigating risks, and maintaining trust between the parties. Typical elements of a disclosure provision include (1) scope - defining the kind of information that must be disclosed, (2) materiality - which usually states that only information material to the agreement must be disclosed, (3) timing - specifying when such disclosures must be made, (4) ongoing requirements - outlining whether or not disclosures any time significant changes or new information must be made available over some period of time, (5) method - specifying how such disclosures must be made, for example, in writing, (6) exclusions - information that is explicitly out of scope with respect to disclosure requirements, (7) confidentiality - restrictions related to whether or not the information is confidential and on how it may be used, and (8) penalities - specifying consequences for failing to disclose relevant information.
explanatory note: With respect to contracts, failure to disclose key details can lead to breaches of contract or claims of misrepresentation. Disclosure requirements are typically specific to the nature of the contract and jurisdiction.

preferred, voting, perpetual, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend

FDIC Certificate Number
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider identifier
definition: identifier issued to a depository institution by the FDIC on approval of that institution's application for insurance
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.fdic.gov/

financial service provider identifier
type: Concept
broader: party role identifier
definition: identifier that is officially allocated to a financial service provider based on a function that they provide, typically in a jurisdiction over which a regulatory agency has some jurisdiction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

party role identifier
type: Concept
definition: sequence of characters, capable of uniquely identifying a party based on a specific role that they play in some context
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

limited partnership unit
type: Concept
broader: share
definition: share in a form of partnership similar to a general partnership, except that in addition to one or more general partners (GPs), there are one or more limited partners (LPs)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
explanatory note: Like shareholders in a corporation, the LPs have limited liability, i.e., they are only liable on debts incurred by the firm to the extent of their registered investment and they have no management authority. The GPs pay the LPs the equivalent of a dividend on their investment, the nature and extent of which is usually defined in the partnership agreement.

preferred, voting, exchangeable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: single voting share
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share

U.S. Postal Service address identifier
type: Concept
broader: physical address identifier
definition: combined with the ZIP + 4 code, the delivery point code provides a unique identifier for every deliverable address served by the USPS
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The delivery point digits are almost never printed on mail in human-readable form; instead they are encoded in the POSTNET delivery point barcode (DPBC) or as part of the newer Intelligent Mail Barcode (IMB).

physical address identifier
type: Concept
definition: unique identifier for a physical address
example: Physical address identifiers may include bar codes, QCR codes, and +codes in a number of countries.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is elected by
type: Concept
definition: identifies an official or government chosen to hold office by voting
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

trust agreement
type: Concept
explanatory note: A trust agreement typically states the (1) purpose for which the trust was established and fulfillment of which will terminate the trust, (2) details of the assets placed in the trust, (3) powers and limitations of the trustees, their reporting requirements, and other associated provisions, and (4) may also specify the trustees' compensation, if any. A trust agreement involving real estate requires its exact description and the trustor's express, written consent to create the trust to be valid.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: trust document
broader: organization covering agreement
definition: formal agreement that establishes a trust, whereby the trustor(s) gives the trustee(s) the responsibility to hold and manage assets for the beneficiary(ies)
synonym: trust deed
synonym: trust instrument

organization covering agreement
type: Concept
broader: written contract
definition: contract between the principals in a formal organization that specifies the relationship between the principals, and between the principals and the entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Also covers the aims and purposes of the Entity.

has original issue discount amount
type: Concept
has in domain: bond
broader: has monetary amount
definition: indicates the difference between the stated redemption price at maturity and the issue price
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

treasury bill
type: Concept
broader: U.S. Treasury security
broader: money market instrument
definition: short-term zero coupon treasury obligation with a maturity ranging from one to twelve months
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: T-bill
explanatory note: The pricing of T-bills is unique among U.S. government debt issues. Treasury bills are offered in multiples of $100 and in terms ranging from a few days to 52 weeks. Rather than providing interest payments as Treasury Bonds or Notes do, T-bills are sold at a discount, and the entire return is realized upon maturity. The price of a bill is determined at auction. The annualized interest rate earned on T-bills is equal to the difference between the purchase price and maturity value, divided by the maturity value.

money market instrument
type: Concept
broader: fixed income security
definition: a short-term debt security that gives the owner the unconditional right to receive a stated, fixed sum of money on a specified date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp
explanatory note: These instruments usually are traded at a discount in organized markets; the discount is dependent upon the interest rate and the time remaining to maturity. Included are such instruments as treasury bills, commercial and financial paper, bankers' acceptances, negotiable certificates of deposit (with original maturities of one year or less), and short-term notes issued under note issuance facilities.

fixed income security
type: Concept
broader: tradable debt instrument
definition: tradeable debt instrument that provides a return in the form of fixed periodic payments and typically the return of principal at maturity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Fixed income securities provide payments according to a regular schedule. This does not necessarily mean that the payments themselves are of a fixed amount, however.

nominates
type: Concept
usage note: Note that nominates is defined as a relation between two parties-in-role (the range of which could be a corporation or partnership in the case of an auditor), whereas appoints between independent parties.
has in domain: PartyRole
definition: appoints or proposes for appointment to an office or place
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: PartyRole

fund contract
type: Concept
broader: organization covering agreement
definition: contract that embodies and defines the fund legal form in cases where there is no independent organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

private placement memorandum
type: Concept
explanatory note: An offering memorandum serves to provide buyers with information on the offering and to protect the sellers from the liability associated with selling unregistered securities. It includes information such as the financial statements, management biographies, a detailed description of the business, etc.
broader: offering document
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014.
definition: legal document stating the objectives, risks and terms of investment involved with a private placement
adapted from: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/offeringmemorandum.asp
abbreviation: PPM
synonym: offering memorandum
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

finance syndicate member
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider
broader: syndicate member
definition: syndicate member that is a financial services provider that contributes funds to a syndicated loan or loan participation note
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Syndicate members may include a variety of financial institutions, such as commercial banks, investment banks, institutional investors - insurance companies, pension funds, and hedge funds, and specialty finance firms, focused on specific industries or credit profiles, which may join syndicates for specialized or higher-risk loans.

financial service provider
type: Concept
broader: functional business entity
definition: functional entity either licensed to provide financial services to consumers and/or businesses or established by law to provide financial services, such as a central bank
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

functional business entity
type: Concept
broader: functional entity
definition: functional entity defined in terms of the nature of the commercial activity it conducts
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

functional entity
type: Concept
definition: party defined in terms of a function they or it performs
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

trade lifecycle stage occurrence
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle stage occurrence
definition: realization of a phase in the lifecycle of a specific trade
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

lifecycle stage occurrence
type: Concept
broader: occurrence
definition: realization of a phase in a given lifecycle
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

occurrence
type: Concept
usage note: In order for other ontologies to accept FinancialDates without committing to the particular notions of 'Occurrence' and 'OccurrenceKind' that is modeled here, all aspects of Occurrences are captured in this ontology.
definition: happening of an OccurrenceKind, i.e., an event
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Each occurrence has a date time stamp, which identifies when the event occurred, and, optionally, a location (possibly virtual), that identifies where the occurrence happened.
synonym: event

has swap identifier
type: Concept
definition: relates a swap lifecycle event to the identifier for the swap
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: financial instrument identifier

financial instrument identifier
type: Concept
definition: sequence of characters uniquely identifying a financial instrument for some purpose and within a specified context
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: Identifiers for financial instruments may include an ISIN, Sedol, CUSIP, BBGID, FIGI, or other identifier issued approximately when the instrument itself is issued, and based on the kind of instrument and jurisdiction in which it is issued.

motor vehicle loan
type: Concept
broader: collateralized loan
definition: collateralized, simple-interest loan that is repaid in monthly installments over a period of typically three to five years, for the purpose of purchasing a vehicle
adapted from: 12 CFR § 228.12, https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/228.12
broader: secured consumer loan
synonym: auto loan
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Many lenders will only approve auto loans for vehicles (i.e., cars, trucks) that are a certain age (typically 5 years or less) due to depreciation of the value of the vehicle. Because an auto loan is a 'secured' type of loan, the vehicle that is being financed is used as collateral (i.e. if the borrower fails to repay the loan, the vehicle may be seized by the lender).

collateralized loan
type: Concept
broader: secured loan
definition: secured loan that is secured with cash or other acceptable collateral (real property, securities or other assets) provided by the borrower as specified in the collateral agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019.

secured loan
type: Concept
broader: loan
definition: loan in which the borrower pledges some asset via a security agreement as collateral for the loan, or that is secured via third-party guarantee
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

loan
type: Concept
broader: credit agreement repaid periodically
broader: debt instrument
definition: debt instrument whereby one party extends money or credit to another party (or parties) with the understanding that the borrowed money will be repaid according to the terms of the contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

credit agreement repaid periodically
type: Concept
broader: credit agreement
definition: credit agreement in which the principal and accrued interest may be periodically repaid or exchanged
example: Examples include revolving lines of credit, commercial loans, construction loans, residential mortgages and so forth.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

secured consumer loan
type: Concept
broader: consumer loan
broader: secured loan
definition: loan to one or more individuals for household, family, or other personal expenditures in which the borrower pledges some asset via a security agreement as collateral for the loan, or that is secured via third-party guarantee
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

consumer loan
type: Concept
explanatory note: In the United Kingdom and per the Bank of England, lending to individuals (excluding student loans) consists of sterling lending secured on dwellings (i.e. mortgages) and sterling consumer credit to UK-resident individuals. See https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/details/further-details-about-total-lending-to-individuals-data. This definition is broader than the definition used in the US, however.
broader: loan
definition: loan to one or more individuals for household, family, or other personal expenditures, excluding mortgages and student loans
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In the United States, consumer loans do not include a home mortgage, small business, or small farm loans. They are defined by law to include the following: (1) Motor vehicle loan, which is a consumer loan extended for the purchase of and secured by a motor vehicle; (2) Credit card loan, which is a line of credit for household, family, or other personal expenditures that is accessed by a borrower's use of a 'credit card,' as this term is defined in § 1026.2 of 12 CFR § 228.12; (3) Other secured consumer loan, which is a secured consumer loan that is not included in one of the other categories of consumer loans; and (4) Other unsecured consumer loan, which is an unsecured consumer loan that is not included in one of the other categories of consumer loans.
adapted from: 12 CFR § 228.12, https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/228.12
example: Other secured consumer loans may include loans against insurance policies, against securities held in a retirement account, loans secured with collateral other than for the loan's stated purpose, lines of credit other than credit card agreements, and so forth.

listing service
type: Concept
broader: financial service
definition: service provided by an exchange to facilitate securities trading
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

military person
type: Concept
broader: legally competent natural person
definition: person that is a member of the active duty military
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=6358041

legally competent natural person
type: Concept
broader: person
definition: person who is considered competent, under the circumstances, to enter into a contract, conduct business, or participate in other activities that generally require the mental ability to understand problems and make decisions on his or her own behalf
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The definition of mental competence, and potentially of the age of majority, is a function of the situation and law in a given jurisdiction.

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: participating preferred share
broader: cumulative preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
broader: restricted voting share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend

restricted voting share
type: Concept
broader: share
definition: share that confers less than one vote per share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

amount of money
type: Concept
definition: amount of readily available cash in banknotes and coins
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
editorial note: This is an actual sum of money, not the measure of a sum of money in monetary units, although it has the same basic properties (decimal number with a currenct unit).
synonym: cash

uncommitted credit facility
type: Concept
broader: credit facility
definition: credit facility that has yet to be confirmed as a source of financing for the borrower
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

credit facility
type: Concept
broader: credit agreement repaid periodically
definition: credit agreement that allows the borrower to periodically take out money over an extended period of time rather than reapplying for a loan every time they need funds
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Credit facilities include revolving loans/lines of credit, committed facilities, letters of credit, and most retail credit accounts. They may define sub-facilities to which the lender is prepared to commit for specific purposes.
synonym: master commitment

central securities depository
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider
definition: functional entity that provides a central point for depositing financial instruments ('securities'), for example, bonds and shares
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CSD
adapted from: http://ecsda.eu/facts/faq
explanatory note: CSDs' clients are typically financial institutions themselves (such as custodian banks and brokers) rather than individual investors.

non-executive board member
type: Concept
broader: board member
definition: member of the board of directors of an organization that has no executive responsibilities towards the running of that organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: outside director

board member
type: Concept
definition: party that has fiduciary responsibility with respect to the organization, including but not limited to determining and executing corporate policy
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

implicit full faith credit bond
type: Concept
broader: unsecured bond
definition: bond issued by a government sponsored agency or corporation rather than by the government directly
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: It doesn't carry an explicit full faith and credit guarantee but the market believes the government wouldn't let it default or fail.
synonym: implicit full faith and credit bond

unsecured bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
definition: bond that is only secured by the bond issuer's good credit standing
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Most unsecured bonds pose limited risk of default, as the organizations that issue them are typically financially sound.
synonym: debenture

product lifecycle event occurrence
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle event occurrence
definition: actual occurrence of an event that happens during a specific stage of a specific product lifecycle
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

lifecycle event occurrence
type: Concept
broader: occurrence
definition: realization of an event in a stage of a lifecycle
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

interest rate cap option
type: Concept
broader: interest rate option
definition: interest rate derivative in which the buyer receives payments at the end of each period in which the interest rate exceeds the agreed strike price
example: An example of a cap would be an agreement to receive a payment for each month the LIBOR rate exceeds 2.5%.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The interest in each period is effectively capped by the strike rate. That is, the rate of interest may not go above the strike rate because the holder is expected to exercise the option to take the strike as the rate of interest instead.

interest rate option
type: Concept
broader: vanilla option
broader: interest rate derivative
definition: option that giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to receive a cash payment if market interest rate of a reference rate is higher or lower, depending on the option, than the strike rate of the option
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The amount of the payment will be based on the difference between the market rate on the exercise date and the strike rate, multiplied by the notional principal specified in the option contract, to calculate the total payment.

vanilla option
type: Concept
broader: option
definition: common option giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to buy (via a call option) or sell (via a put option) the underlying assets specified at a pre-determined price (i.e., the strike price, fixed or calculated), on or before a specified date (the expiration date)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Vanilla options include call or put options that have no special or unusual features, and are typically exchange traded.

interest rate derivative
type: Concept
broader: rate-based derivative
definition: rate-based derivative whose underlier is an interest rate
example: For example, interest rate derivative strategies are the simultaneous trading of two or more rate contracts in which two counterparties agree to exchange interest rate cash flows on defined dates during an agreed period, based on a specified notional amount, from a fixed rate to a floating rate, floating to fixed, fixed to fixed, or floating to floating.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth edition, 2019-10

rate-based derivative
type: Concept
broader: derivative instrument
definition: derivative instrument where the holder has the right but may not have the obligation, depending on the nature of the instrument, to enter into the underlying contract, or pay or receive payment related to the underlying financial rate (or rate contract) on a specified future date based on a specified future rate and term
example: Examples of rate-based derivatives include interest rate swaps, forward rate agreements (FRAs), and interest rate options such as caps, floors, and collars.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth edition, 2019-10
explanatory note: Rate-based derivatives derive their value from movements in some rate, e.g, an interest rate, market rate, economic indicator, statistical measure calculated over some collection of indices, rather than from traditional assets like stocks or commodities. They are commonly used by institutions to manage risks associated with interest rate fluctuations.

has duration of unemployment
type: Concept
definition: specifies the length of time, typically in weeks, that people classified as unemployed have been continuously looking for work
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: definitions.htm
has in range: Duration

calculation period
type: Concept
definition: explicit period from the start to the end of a specific interval or range within which a computational process or operation occurs
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

card identification number
type: Concept
broader: three-digit verification code or value
definition: card verification value specifically for American Express and Discover payment cards
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CID
adapted from: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/pci_security/glossary

three-digit verification code or value
type: Concept
broader: card verification code or value
definition: card verification code that is the rightmost three-digit value printed in the signature panel area on the back of the card
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/pci_security/glossary

card verification code or value
type: Concept
definition: code that specifies either (1) magnetic-stripe data, or (2) printed security features that are used to protect data integrity and limit alteration, counterfeiting and fraud generally
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/pci_security/glossary

discount certificate
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: At the end of the certificate's maturity, a cash disbursement occurs. If the price of the underlying when the maturity is up is higher than the maximal payout or identical to it, the issuer pays the maximum amount. If the price of the underlying is less than the cap, the issuer pays either the current price of the certificate in cash or he gives the investor the underlying, for example a share, at its current price. The issuer can choose. The cash payout is obligatory in the case of discount certificates on indices, currencies or interest.
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.4.8
broader: structured finance without principal protection
note: Discount certificates correspond to a buy-write-strategy; they have reduced risk compared to a direct investment in the underlying asset; with higher risk levels multiple underlying assets (worst-of) allow for higher discounts; limited profit opportunity (Cap).
explanatory note: Discount certificates are ideal for conservative investors that want to guard against market fluctuations and who expect in the medium term sideways-moving prices. Because the buyer of a discount certificate does not profit from price gains that are higher than the cap, this form of investment is best suited for a medium-term oriented engagement. If the certificate reaches its cap before the maturity, the investor should take the profits.
definition: participation certificate that enables the investor to acquire the underlying asset at a lower price in return for a limited payout, and for which the underlying asset(s) and/or a cash amount is redeemed should the underlying asset close below the strike on expiry, for which, in return, the potential profit is capped
explanatory note: The maximum profit that an investor can reach with a discount certificate is calculated by taking the difference between the purchase price and the cap on the underlying. Losses, in contrast, are lessened by the discount. The investor suffers a loss only when the price of the underlying at the end of the maturity has fallen so far that the discount is depleted. The discount thus works as a buffer against risk.
broader: participation certificate

structured finance without principal protection
type: Concept
broader: structured finance instrument
definition: structured finance that is a short-term note linked to an underlying asset that offers a steady stream of income
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI code), Fourth edition, 2019-10-01.
explanatory note: The redemption at the end of the term is determined on the basis of the performance and final fixing of the underlying asset: a redemption at the nominal value is guaranteed as long as the underlying asset has not touched its barrier during relevant barrier monitoring. If the underlying asset has touched its barrier but is again above the strike price at final fixing, the nominal price is also repaid. Nevertheless, if the underlying asset has touched its barrier during barrier monitoring and closes below the strike price at final fixing, the underlying asset is delivered or cash compensation paid, provided that no credit event by the reference entity has occurred. Depending on the characteristics of the product, either a coupon or a discount to the underlying asset can apply. A coupon is paid out regardless of the performance of the underlying asset, provided that no credit event by the reference entity has occurred.
synonym: structured finance without capital protection

structured finance instrument
type: Concept
explanatory note: Structured finance instruments represent a form of securitization technology which can be defined by three key characteristics: (1) pooling of financial assets, such as loans, bonds, or credit-default swaps; (2) de-linking of the credit risk of the asset pool from the credit risk of the originating firm, usually through use of a finite-lived, stand-alone special purpose vehicle (SPV); and (3) issuance by the SPV of "tranched" liabilities backed by the asset pool. Structured finance instruments are typically presented to large financial institutions or companies with complicated financing needs that are unsatisfied with conventional financial products.
broader: structured product
synonym: structured finance
example: Collateralized debt obligations (CDOs), synthetic financial instruments, collateralized bond obligations (CBOs), and syndicated loans are examples of structured finance instruments.
broader: pool-backed security
definition: pool-backed security wherein the risk associated with the pool has been uncoupled from the risk associated with the originating institution through a special purpose vehicle
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

structured product
type: Concept
definition: security whose cash flow characteristics depend upon one or more indices or that have embedded forwards or options or securities where an investor's investment return and the issuer's payment obligations are contingent on, or highly sensitive to, changes in the value of underlying assets, indices, interest rates or cash flows
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: derivative instrument
synonym: structured instrument
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15
synonym: market-linked investment
explanatory note: A structured product is a pre-packaged structured finance investment strategy based on a single security, a basket of securities, options, indices, commodities, debt issuance or foreign currencies, and to a lesser extent, derivatives. Structured products are not homogeneous - there are numerous varieties of derivatives and underlying assets - but they can be classified under the aside categories. Typically, a desk will employ a specialized 'structurer' to design and manage its structured-product offering.

participation certificate
type: Concept
broader: structured finance instrument
synonym: certificate
synonym: bearer debt note
broader: participation instrument
definition: participation product that provides the possibility to participate in the gains or losses in the price of an asset, subject to counterparty risk
explanatory note: In many cases, certificates do not give the investor the right to receive dividend distributions from the underlying stocks or other assets. For example: You buy a bonus certificate issued by your bank which is based on a stock that pays annual dividends. During the certificate's term, the bank holds the underlying stock and receives the dividends. At the end of the term, the bank pays the predefined bonus, even though the actual price of the stock is lower (but not below the protection threshold).Depending on the type of certificate, the exact terms and conditions, and the contract's expiry date, it is possible that the investor may receive the underlying asset instead of money at the end of the investment term. That is often the case with discount certificates based on stocks, for example, when their price sits below the predetermined cap. If the certificate's issuer becomes insolvent, the assets which underly the certificate are considered part of the issuer's liquid assets. This is in contrast to owning actual securities or shares in investment funds, as these are segregated assets which remain the property of the investor if the broker or custodian bank fails.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

participation instrument
type: Concept
broader: security-based derivative
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: participation product
explanatory note: These assets could be anything, from equities, funds, bonds, ETFs indices to a mix of those. The most common participation products are tracker certificates, providing 1-to-1 participation to the performance of a basket of securities.
definition: structured product that provides the possibility to participate in the performance of an asset or basket of assets
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15
broader: structured product
explanatory note: The construction is generally based on a low exercise price option (LEPO) (base value less discounted future dividends) which in some cases might be comparable to a direct investment in the underlying asset(s) or a LEPO combined with other options, which together provide the desired disbursement profile.

security-based derivative
type: Concept
broader: derivative instrument
definition: derivative instrument whose underlier is based on a security, including collections of securities and indices based on securities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

publicly held company
type: Concept
broader: stock corporation
definition: corporation whose shares are traded and held publicly
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

stock corporation
type: Concept
broader: corporation
definition: corporation that has shareholders, each of whom receives a portion of the ownership of the corporation through shares of stock
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.oecd.org/corporate/OECD-Corporate-Governance-Factbook.pdf
explanatory note: The shares in a stock corporation may receive a return on their investment in the form of dividends. Shares are used for voting on matters of corporate policy or to elect directors, at the corporation's annual meeting and at other meetings of the corporation.

corporation
type: Concept
definition: formal organization that is a legal entity (artificial person) distinct from its owners, created under the jurisdiction of the laws of a state or nation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A corporation is managed by or under the direction of a board of directors, which generally determines corporate policy. Officers manage the day-to-day affairs of the corporation.
explanatory note: A corporation has three distinguishing characteristics: (1) separation of ownership from management and general liability, i.e., its liability to creditors is limited to its resources, unlike some partnerships and sole proprietorships, (2) the ability to negotiate contracts and own property, and (3) transferable ownership, irrespective of changes in membership or the lifetimes of its stockholders.
synonym: body corporate

has nominal value
type: Concept
synonym: has face value
explanatory note: Nominal value of a security is its redemption price and will vary from its market value. A preferred stock's nominal (par) value is important in that it is used to calculate its dividend while the nominal value of common stock is an arbitrary value assigned for balance sheet purposes.
definition: indicates the face value of a contract
has in range: monetary amount
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
broader: has monetary amount
explanatory note: The nominal amount of a financial instrument is the face amount used to calculate payments made on that instrument. This amount generally does not change. For securities the nominal value is often referred to as the face or par value. This is the redemption price of the security and is normally stated on the front of that security. With respect to bonds and stocks, it is the stated value of an issued security, as opposed to its market value.

floating-rate note date rule
type: Concept
broader: business recurrence interval convention
definition: business day adjustment rule applied to floating-rate note instruments
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: FRN date rule

business recurrence interval convention
type: Concept
broader: convention
definition: convention that specifies how recurring days should be handled, such as the end of the month, a particular day of the month, a day of the week, or more specifically, a t-bill auction date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

convention
type: Concept
definition: widely accepted or established way of doing 'something' within some community of practice
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, perpetual, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: participating preferred share
broader: non-voting share
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered

unit trust
type: Concept
broader: unitized fund
definition: pooled investment vehicle in which investors hold units that represent beneficial ownership in a trust-managed portfolio of assets
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A unit trust is established under a trust deed, with a trustee holding legal title to the assets and a fund manager making investment decisions. They are common in the UK, Australia, Singapore, and other Commonwealth countries.

unitized fund
type: Concept
broader: collective investment vehicle
definition: pooled investment vehicle in which investors hold units that represent a proportional share of the fund's underlying assets, typically used in pensions or insurance-based products
example: Examples include authorized unit trusts (AUTs), investment companies with variable capital (ICVCs), and insurance-linked unitized funds.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The differentiator with respect to a unitized fund is that investors hold units, rather than a direct shareholding or segregated account.
explanatory note: The concept of a 'unitized fund' comes up in the context of the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA)'s framework for collective investment schemes (CIS) in the United Kingdom, particularly in the context of authorized unit trusts (AUTs) and insurance-based investments.

collective investment vehicle
type: Concept
broader: pooled fund
definition: assets pooled by investors whose share capital remains separate from the assets of the vehicle
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019 Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth edition, October 2019
explanatory note: A fund is an entity created to pool money from multiple investors - often referred to as limited partners. Each investor makes an investment in the fund by purchasing an interest in the fund entity, and the adviser uses that money to make investments on behalf of the fund.
explanatory note: Collective investment vehicles are typically organized and operated by management companies, banks, or trust companies. Shares or units are issued in the form of unit trusts, mutual funds, or other similar contracts. Common kinds of funds include pension funds, insurance funds, foundations, and endowments. Such pools are often invested and professionally managed, including investment pools, umbrella pools, share class pools, etc.

pooled fund
type: Concept
explanatory note: A fund can be established for any purpose, such as a municipality setting aside money for a construction project, monies designated to endow a university chair or for scholarships, or funds set aside by insurance companies to settle claims.
broader: pool
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: pool of funds that a group of investors combines for common benefit
example: An investment club pools the funds of its members, giving them the opportunity to share in a portfolio offering greater diversification and the hope of a better return on their money than they could get individually.
explanatory note: The US Securities and Exchange Commission describes a fund as an entity created to pool money from multiple investors.
synonym: fund
broader: financial asset

pool
type: Concept
definition: combination of resources for a common purpose or benefit
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014

financial asset
type: Concept
broader: tangible asset
definition: non-physical, tangible asset whose value is derived from a contractual claim, such as bank deposits, bonds, stocks, rights, certificates, and bank balances
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Financial assets are typically more liquid than other tangible assets, such as commodities or real estate. Financial assets may not cover all assets that might be included on a balance sheet, and do not include tangible, physical assets or intangible assets such as intellectual property.

tangible asset
type: Concept
broader: asset
definition: asset that is a physical, measurable resource, i.e., one that takes a physical form
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Tangible assets include cash, cash equivalents and accounts receivables (AR), inventory, equipment, buildings and real estate, crops, and investments. Tangible assets such as art, furniture, stamps, gold, wine, toys and books of significant value may be included in an individual or organization's asset portfolio.

asset
type: Concept
definition: something of monetary value that is owned or provides benefit to some party
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements, paragraph 25.
explanatory note: An asset is something that provides probable future economic benefit obtained or controlled by some party as a result of past transactions or events. An asset has three essential characteristics: (a) it embodies a probable future benefit that involves a capacity, singly or in combination with other assets, to contribute directly or indirectly to future net cash inflows, (b) a party can obtain the benefit and control others' access to it, and (c) the transaction or other event giving rise to the party's right to or control of the benefit has already occurred.
synonym: economic resource

swap dealer
type: Concept
broader: dealer
broader: non-depository institution
definition: non-depository institution such as one that deals in swaps, makes a market in swaps, regularly enters into swaps with counterparties as an ordinary course of business for its own account, and engages in any activity causing the person to be commonly known in the trade as a dealer/market maker in swaps
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: SD
adapted from: http://www.cftc.gov/IndustryOversight/Intermediaries/index.htm

dealer
type: Concept
definition: any party that purchases goods or services for resale and acts on their own behalf in a transaction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A dealer is a counterparty or principal in the transaction with the customer.

non-depository institution
type: Concept
synonym: non-banking financial institution (NBFI)
definition: financial institution that does not have a full banking license and typically is not supervised by a national or international banking regulatory agency
synonym: non-bank financial company (NBFC)
synonym: non-bank financial institution (NBFI)
adapted from: https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/gfdr/gfdr-2016/background/nonbank-financial-institution
history note: The term 'non-bank' may have been derived from 'non-deposit taking banking institution'. To be clearer, non-depository institutions are explicitly disjoint with depository institutions (financial institutions that take deposits of some sort, potentially including securities) in FIBO. Banks are defined as financial institutions that take demand deposits from the public and that also provide commercial lending services. Many 'non-bank' institutions take deposits or provide commercial lending services, but they may not do both.
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Banking Terms, Sixth Edition, 2012
explanatory note: A non-depository financial institution acts as a middleman between two parties in a financial transaction, and does not provide traditional depository services, such as brokerage firms, insurance companies, and investment companies. These kinds of institutions facilitate alternative financial services, such as investment (both collective and individual), risk pooling, financial consulting, brokering, money transmission, and check cashing. NBFIs are a source of consumer credit (along with licensed banks). Examples of nonbank financial institutions include insurance firms, venture capitalists, currency exchanges, some microloan organizations, and pawn shops. These non-bank financial institutions provide services that are not necessarily suited to banks, serve as competition to banks, and specialize in sectors or groups.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: financial institution

financial institution
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider
definition: financial service provider identified as either a government agency or privately owned entity that collects funds from the public and from other institutions, and invests those funds in financial assets, such as loans, securities, bank deposits, and income-generating property
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Banking Terms, Sixth Edition, 2012
explanatory note: Financial institutions are differentiated by the way they obtain and invest funds. Depository institutions accept public deposits, which are insured by the government against loss, and channel those deposits into lending activities. Non-depository institutions, such as brokerage firms, life insurance companies, pension funds, and investment companies, fund their investment activities directly from financial markets by selling securities to the public or by selling insurance policies, in the case of insurance companies.
synonym: financial intermediary

has payment due date
type: Concept
definition: indicates the date by which payment of some amount must be made to the creditor
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: payment due date

payment due date
type: Concept
definition: date by which payment of the current outstanding balance, part thereof, or a minimum amount due must be made to the creditor
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

business identifier code
type: Concept
synonym: business entity identifier
synonym: SWIFT code
synonym: bank identifier code
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 9362:2014 Banking -- Banking telecommunication messages -- Business identifier code (BIC)
definition: international identifier for financial and non-financial institutions used to facilitate automated processing of information for financial services
explanatory note: The BIC is used for addressing messages, routing business transactions and identifying business parties. Note that the use of OrganizationSubUnitIdentifier in FIBO corresponds to the Branch Code in the SWIFT scheme.
synonym: SWIFT-BIC
synonym: SWIFT ID
abbreviation: BIC

barrier underlying mini-future certificate
type: Concept
broader: mini-future certificate
definition: mini-future certificate that immediately expires if the barrier underlying level is breached during product lifetime
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

mini-future certificate
type: Concept
definition: entitlement that combines the structure of an open-end certificate with a leverage option with no fixed term, making leverage available without a term restriction, and whose payoff depends on whether or not the underlying asset has reached or exceeded a predetermined price
broader: entitlement
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
broader: barrier option
broader: security-based derivative
explanatory note: The price of a mini-future always corresponds to its intrinsic value, i.e. the capital outlay, plus the bid-ask spread. The financing costs associated with building up the leverage effect are offset against the capital outlay on a daily basis, thereby eliminating the need for a premium. Investors have to pay only financing costs they actually utilize. In contrast to options, factors like volatility have no influence at all on the price of mini-futures.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

entitlement
type: Concept
broader: financial instrument
definition: financial instrument that provides the holder an interest in, or the privilege to subscribe to, or to receive specific assets under terms specified
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI code), Fourth edition, 2019-10.
explanatory note: Note that certain fund units, including but not limited to units in pension funds and other non-public investment structures may be considered entitlements but not securities. They may or may not be identified using traditional financial instrument identifiers. Some entitlements, such as warrants, whose value changes based on the value of some underlier, are considered derivative instruments.
synonym: right

barrier option
type: Concept
definition: option whose final exercise depends upon the path taken by the price of an underlying instrument, i.e., whose payoff depends on whether or not the underlying asset has reached or exceeded a predetermined price
explanatory note: A barrier option can be a knock-out, meaning it expires worthless if the underlying exceeds a certain price, limiting profits for the holder and limiting losses for the writer. It can also be a knock-in, meaning it has no value until the underlying reaches a certain price. Barrier options can be puts or calls. Barrier options typically have cheaper premiums than traditional vanilla options, primarily because the barrier increases the chances of the option expiring worthless. A trader may choose the cheaper (relative to a comparable vanilla) barrier option if they feel it is quite likely the underlying will hit the barrier.
broader: exotic option
note: For a knock-out barrier option, the option is cancelled if the underlying price crosses a predetermined barrier level; for a knock-in barrier option, the option becomes available-for-exercise if the underlying price crosses a predetermined barrier level.
explanatory note: Barrier features include any terms related to exercising the option ahead of the expiry date.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019.

has tenor
type: Concept
definition: indicates the length of time for which a given rate, such as an interbank rate, exchange rate, other market rate is quoted, or a debt instrument has remaining prior to maturity or expiration
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: The tenor of most financial instruments declines over time, while the maturity remains constant. Risk associated with a given asset tends to decline with the reduction of the time remaining to maturity. The tenor of an interest rate swap can also refer to the frequency with which coupon payments are exchanged.
has in range: Duration

dividend schedule
type: Concept
broader: payment schedule
broader: regular schedule
definition: payment schedule indicating the dates on which dividends are due to be paid
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

payment schedule
type: Concept
broader: schedule
definition: schedule for delivery of money in fulfillment of an obligation
example: Examples include coupon payment, loan payment, and interest payment schedules, among others.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

buys from
type: Concept
has in domain: buyer
definition: links a party in the role of purchaser to a party from which they have made or are planning to make a purchase
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: seller

buyer
type: Concept
definition: party that purchases something in exchange for money or other consideration under a contract of sale
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A buyer is the party that acquires, or agrees to acquire, ownership (in case of goods), or benefit or usage (in case of rights or services), something in the context of a sale, and may or may not be an end user of the product, good, service, or right.
synonym: buyer
synonym: purchaser

seller
type: Concept
definition: party that makes, offers or contracts to make a sale to an actual or potential buyer
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: purveyor
synonym: vendor

has principal payment day
type: Concept
broader: has recurrence interval
definition: the day of the month on which payments on the principal must be made
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: recurrence interval

has recurrence interval
type: Concept
definition: indicates the frequency with which some event or publication occurs
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: recurrence interval

recurrence interval
type: Concept
definition: time interval that is consistent between elements of a regular schedule
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: frequency

has compounding frequency
type: Concept
broader: has recurrence interval
definition: the frequency at which interest is added to the principal of the debt over the course of the agreement
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: recurrence interval

national security identification scheme
type: Concept
broader: security identification scheme
definition: security identification scheme, defining the format and structure of a National Securities Identifying Number (NSIN), published nationally on behalf of a country
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: generally incorporated into the ISIN scheme as well

security identification scheme
type: Concept
broader: financial instrument identification scheme
definition: formal definition of the structure and application of a particular set of securities identifiers
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

financial instrument identification scheme
type: Concept
definition: formal definition of the structure and application of a particular set of financial instrument identifiers
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

investors' domicile restriction
type: Concept
broader: legal holding restriction
definition: legal holding restriction that specifies where holders of a security may be domiciled
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

legal holding restriction
type: Concept
broader: securities restriction
definition: security restriction applicable to holding the security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

securities restriction
type: Concept
broader: legal obligation
definition: legal obligation that is applicable to a financial instrument or listing as mandated in a law or by contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

legal obligation
type: Concept
broader: duty
definition: an obligation or duty that is enforceable by a court
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

duty
type: Concept
broader: legal construct
definition: some obligation which exists and is imposed on some individual
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
editorial note: This can also be thought of as an obligation - not in the sense in which an obligation and a right are the converse aspects of one another, but in and of itself, independent of the perspective from which it is considered. Examples include statutory obligations, reporting obligations and so on.

family office
type: Concept
broader: functional business entity
definition: organization that assumes the day-to-day administration and management of a family's affairs
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Family offices are often privately held companies set up to handle investment and wealth management for wealthy families.

unemployed population
type: Concept
broader: civilian labor force
definition: subset of the civilian labor force that is considered to have had no employment but was available for work, except for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to find employment sometime during a specified period, during the reporting period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=6358041
explanatory note: Persons who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which they had been laid off need not have been looking for work to be classified as unemployed.

civilian labor force
type: Concept
broader: civilian non-institutional population
definition: subset of the civilian, non-institutional population considered to be part of the labor force during a given reporting period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=6358041

civilian non-institutional population
type: Concept
broader: statistical universe
definition: statistical universe consisting of people of a certain age who reside in a given region, do not live in institutions (for example, correctional facilities, long-term care hospitals, and nursing homes), and are not on active military duty
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: The civilian non-institutional population is typically reported in thousands.
adapted from: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=6358041

statistical universe
type: Concept
definition: collection representing the total membership, or 'universe', of people, resources, products, services, events, or entities of interest for some question, experiment, survey or statistical program
example: A statistical universe can be a group of actually existing objects (e.g. the set of all stars within the Milky Way galaxy) or a hypothetical and potentially infinite group of objects conceived as a generalization from experience (e.g. the set of all possible hands in a game of poker).
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: restricted voting share
broader: cumulative preferred share

common, voting, restricted, partly paid, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: common share
broader: single voting share
broader: partially paid share
definition: common share that confers exactly one vote per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is partially paid and is registered
broader: restricted share

common share
type: Concept
broader: share
definition: share that signifies a unit of ownership in a corporation and represents a claim on part of the corporation's assets and earnings
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In the event that the corporation is liquidated, claims of secured and unsecured creditors and owners of bonds and preferred shares take precedence over claims of common share holders.
synonym: ordinary share

partially paid share
type: Concept
broader: share
definition: share whose payment status indicates that only a portion of the market value has been received by the company for the shares
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

restricted share
type: Concept
broader: share
definition: share whose ownership/transfer/sale is subject to special conditions including country-specific restrictions
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

credit default swap index
type: Concept
broader: reference index
definition: index whose underlying reference obligations are credit default swap instruments
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

reference index
type: Concept
broader: scoped measure
definition: measure of change in the value of the contents of a basket over a given period of time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: An index is a function based on a set of structured calculations with respect to a basket of credit risks, financial instruments or other indices over time. Analysis may be computed based on historical values, projected values, etc.
synonym: benchmark

price per share
type: Concept
broader: unit price
broader: security price
definition: price for one share of a given security at some point in time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: PPS
synonym: share price

unit price
type: Concept
broader: monetary price
definition: monetary price expressed in relation to a well-known measurable unit by which the goods or services are allocated
example: For example, gold is commonly measured in troy ounces, grams, etc., and oil is measured in terms of barrels.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

security price
type: Concept
broader: monetary price
definition: monetary price for a financial instrument at some point in time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A security price may be the price that some party is willing to pay, has recently paid, or would like to be paid, depending on the circumstances.

diversified community investment fund
type: Concept
broader: community investment fund
definition: community investment fund that invests primarily in real estate but can also invest in any local business or project, and can do so with investment capital raised publicly from within the fund's own community, including community investors
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: DCIF
explanatory note: A Diversified Community Investment Fund (DCIF) is a specialized community-scale investment vehicle structured to both support local development and comply with U.S. securities laws - particularly the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the 'ICA'). This type of fund must meet two requirements: (1) its primary business is investing in real estate, rather than securities (e.g., stock) issued by other companies; and (2) real estate and other non-securities assets must comprise at least 60% of the fund's assets. The DCIF structure is intentionally calibrated to circumvent classification as an investment company - which would trigger certain SEC registration and disclosure requirements. Under the ICA, if a fund is 'primarily engaged in ... investing ... in securities,' it must register as an investment company. By meeting the 60/40 real estate-to-business allocation, the DCIF qualifies instead as a real estate fund, avoiding that designation.
source: Diversified Community Investment Fund, available at https://www.nc3now.org/uploads/1/4/0/1/140134350/dcif_overview.pdf.

community investment fund
type: Concept
broader: private fund
definition: professionally-managed investment fund with three essential characteristics: capital is sourced from people in the community (ideally from retail/non-accredited investors); capital is invested into local people, projects, and businesses; and capital is deployed by individuals in the community, typically but not necessarily a nonprofit fund
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CIF
adapted from: Community Investment Fund Handbook and Toolkit, available at https://www.nc3now.org/community-investment-fund-handbook--toolkit.html.
explanatory note: A community investment fund is typically but not necessarily a nonprofit fund.

private fund
type: Concept
broader: managed investment
definition: managed investment that cannot offer securities to the public
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Private funds are not required to be registered or regulated as investment companies under the U.S. federal securities laws. They raise capital from investors through exempt offerings, which means the offering must fall within an exemption from registration under the Securities Act of 1933.

managed investment
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Bloomberg LP
synonym: investment fund
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019 Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth edition, October 2019
explanatory note: A managed investment is an investment vehicle that consists of a pool of funds collected from many different investors run by a management company.
broader: collective investment vehicle
definition: investment pool that is controlled by a professional investment manager who invests the pool in various financial instruments and assets that align with their investment objectives and is overseen by a board of directors

has periodicity
type: Concept
broader: has recurrence interval
definition: specifies a recurrence interval (monthly, quarterly, annual) that a statistical measure reflects
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: recurrence interval

has option type election date
type: Concept
has in domain: chooser option
definition: indicates the date on which the holder of the chooser option contract determines a choice of either a call or a put
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

chooser option
type: Concept
definition: exotic option that allows its holder (buyer) to exercise the right to buy (call) or sell (put) specified assets at a fixed price whereby the buyer does not have to decide whether the contract will be a put or a call until an agreed future date, prior to expiration
explanatory note: A chooser option is an option contract that allows the holder to decide whether it is a call or put prior to the expiration date. Chooser options usually have the same strike price and expiration date regardless of what decision the holder makes. Because the option could benefit from upside or downside movement, chooser options provide investors a great deal of flexibility and thus may cost more than comparable vanilla options. Chooser options are typically European style, and have one strike price and one expiration date regardless of whether the option is exercised as a call or put.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: exotic option
adapted from: Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) glossary, https://www.cftc.gov/LearnAndProtect/EducationCenter/CFTCGlossary/glossary_c.html
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019.
example: For example, assume a trader wants to have an option position for the updated XYZ Inc. earnings release. They think the stock will have a big move, but they are not sure in which direction. The earnings release is in one month, so the trader decides to buy a chooser option that will expire about three weeks after the earnings release. They believe this should provide enough time for the stock to make a significant move if it is going to make one, and fully digest the earnings release. Therefore, the option they choose will expire in seven to eight weeks. The chooser option allows them to exercise the option as a call if the price of XYZ rises, or as a put if the price falls. At the time of the chooser option purchase, XYZ is trading at $28. The trader chooses an at-the-money strike price of $28 and pays a premium of $2 or $200 for one contract ($2 x 100 shares). The buyer can't exercise the option prior to expiry since it is a European option. At expiry, the trader will determine if they will exercise the option as a call or put. Assume the price of XYZ at the time of expiry is $31. This is higher than the strike price of $28, therefore the trader will exercise the option as a call. Their profit is $1 ($31 - $28 - $2) or $100. If XYZ is trading between $28 and $29.99 the trader will still choose to exercise the option as a call, but they will still be losing money since the profit is not enough to offset their $2 cost. $30 is the breakeven point on the call. If the price of BAC is below $28, the trader will exercise the option as a put. In this case, $26 is the breakeven point ($28 - $2). If the underlying is trading between $28 and $26.01 the trader will lose money since the price didn't fall enough to offset the cost of the option. If the price of BAC falls below $26, say to $24, the trader will make money on the put. Their profit is $2 ($28 - $24 - $2) or $200.

non European Economic Area branch
type: Concept
broader: credit institution
definition: a branch of a credit institution whose Head Office is in a third country
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition origin: http://www.eba.europa.eu/risk-analysis-and-data/credit-institutions-register
synonym: non-EEA branch

credit institution
type: Concept
broader: credit institution / investment firm
definition: an undertaking the business of which is to take deposits or other repayable funds from the public and to grant credits for its own account, and to which authorisation has been granted to operate within the European Union and European Economic Area countries (EEA)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/
adapted from: http://www.eba.europa.eu/risk-analysis-and-data/credit-institutions-register

credit institution / investment firm
type: Concept
broader: financial institution
definition: classification specific to European financial institutions that designates them as credit institutions / investment firms as defined by the European Banking Authority (EBA)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/

federated sovereignty
type: Concept
broader: sovereign state
definition: polity characterized by a union of partially self-governing states or regions under a central (federal) government
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The federated sovereignty is the legal entity that can incur debt for a federal government, as distinct from the Federal government.

sovereign state
type: Concept
broader: polity
definition: non-physical juridical entity that is represented by one centralized government that has sovereignty over a geographic area
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A legal entity that is represented by one centralized government, has a permanent population, defined territory, and the capacity to enter into relations with other sovereign states.

polity
type: Concept
broader: government body
definition: legal person that is a supranational entity, crown, state, or subordinate civil authority, such as a province, prefecture, county, municipality, city, or district representing the people of that entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

underwrites
type: Concept
has in domain: underwriter
definition: identifies one or more underwriters involved in raising capital for or distributing the instruments that are the subject of the offering
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/u/underwriting.asp
explanatory note: Underwriting is the process by which investment bankers raise investment capital from investors on behalf of corporations and governments that are issuing either equity or debt securities.
has in range: securities offering

underwriter
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider
definition: financial service provider that evaluates and assumes another party's risk for a fee, such as a commission, premium, spread or interest
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

securities offering
type: Concept
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014.
adapted from: http://www.investopedia.com/
broader: offering
explanatory note: If the offering is public, then it can only be made after regulatory registration requirements have been met. The securities may be new or a secondary offering of a previously issued security, and may include stock, multiple classes of equity shares, municipal or other government bonds, and so forth. Offerings, especially to the investment public, are typically made by an investment banker, or syndicate of investment bankers.
broader: agreement
definition: offering of a security (or securities) for sale
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

offering
type: Concept
usage note: An offering may or may not be considered a 'state of affairs' or situation, depending on the circumstances. In some cases such as a prospectus or other offering in the context of financial services, an offering may also be classified as a situation. Users may choose to model an individual offering as both an offering and situation, depending on the circumstances, in other words.
definition: expression of interest in providing something to someone that is contingent upon acceptance, forbearance, or some other consideration, as might be desired by an offeree(s)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The making of an offer is the first of three steps in the traditional process of forming a valid contract: an offer, an acceptance of the offer, and an exchange of consideration. (Consideration is the act of doing something or promising to do something that a person is not legally required to do, or the forbearance or the promise to forbear from doing something that he or she has the legal right to do.)

Canadian credit union
type: Concept
broader: credit union
definition: not-for-profit financial institution, typically formed by the employees of a company, labor union, or religious group, operated as a cooperative association organized for the purpose of promoting thrift among its members and creating a source of credit for provident or productive purposes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

credit union
type: Concept
broader: depository institution
broader: cooperative society
definition: not-for-profit depository institution that makes personal loans and offers other consumer banking services, organized for the purpose of promoting thrift among its members and creating a source of credit for provident or productive purposes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

depository institution
type: Concept
broader: financial institution
definition: any financial institution engaged in the business of receiving demand deposits from the public or other institutions
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.fdic.gov/regulations/laws/rules/1000-400.html#fdic1000sec.3a
adapted from: 12 U.S. Code Section 1813 - Definitions, see, for example, http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/1813

cooperative society
type: Concept
broader: functional business entity
definition: organization owned by and operated for the benefit of those using its services
example: In agriculture, there are broadly three types of cooperatives: a machinery pool, a manufacturing/marketing cooperative, and a credit union
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: cooperative

treasury note
type: Concept
broader: medium term note
broader: U.S. Treasury security
definition: medium term coupon bearing treasury obligation with original maturity ranging from two to ten years
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

medium term note
type: Concept
broader: bond
definition: bond issued over time under a shelf registration program, where each issue may have a different coupon and maturity typically ranging from one to ten years
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A medium-term note (MTN) is a debt note that usually matures (is paid back) in 5 to 10 years, but the term may be less than one year or as long as 100 years. They can be issued on a fixed or floating coupon basis.
explanatory note: Medium term notes are typically issued by corporations and financial institutions, although GSEs also have MTN programs. MTNs may be issued under a shelf registration program which allows the company to issue bonds over time with varying maturities and coupons. Companies issue MTNs to have a more flexible source of funding. They may also issue MTN in response to 'reverse inquiry' by investors looking for bonds with specific maturities, issue size and coupon.
explanatory note: By shelf registration we mean the security registration process where an issuer registers in advance, and can issue lots of securities for up to three years.

has offering amount
type: Concept
broader: has notional amount
definition: indicates the notional monetary amount, determined based on reference data, market rates or some other agreed method associated with some offering
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

has notional amount
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10, clause 6.8.2
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: The notional amount (or notional principal amount or notional value) on a financial instrument is typically the face amount used to calculate payments made on that instrument. This amount generally does not change and is thus referred to as notional. When applied to a swap this is the amount used for calculating the actual value of the interest due. Also known as notional value when describing derivative contracts in the options, futures, and currency markets, this term is often used to value the underlying asset in a derivatives trade. It can be the total value of a position, how much value a position controls, or an agreed-upon amount in a contract. An example is that a firm might have a variable rate loan on $100,000 but decide to swap only $40,000. The $40,000 is the notional amount of the swap and becomes the amount on which interest is paid.
definition: has a generally unchangeable value used for certain calculations, expressed as some monetary amount
has in range: monetary amount
explanatory note: For certain kinds of derivative instruments, including but not limited to swaps, the notional amount indicates face amount of a swap upon which the payment streams for that swap are based. While this is typically constant throughout the lifetime of a contract, it can be accreting, amortizing, or custom, such as in the case of a notional step schedule.

lender lien position
type: Concept
definition: classifier indicating whether the lender has the primary lien position with respect to an asset used as collateral for the loan
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has legal form
type: Concept
has in domain: LegalEntity
definition: indicates the nature of the entity as defined from a legal or regulatory perspective in a given jurisdiction
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1
adapted from: https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:20275:ed-1:v1:en
has in range: entity legal form

entity legal form
type: Concept
definition: a classifier for a legal entity that indicates the nature of that entity as defined from a legal or regulatory perspective, in the jurisdiction in which it was established
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1
adapted from: https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:20275:ed-1:v1:en

is linked to fallback
type: Concept
has in domain: financial instrument
definition: relates an index-linked instrument to a government bond that may be selected by a calculation agent
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Fallback Bond means, in relation to an Inflation Index applicable to an Inflation Linked Note, a bond selected by the Calculation Agent and issued by the government or one of the governments (but not any government agency) of the country (or countries) to whose level of inflation the Inflation Index relates and which pays a coupon and/or redemption amount which is calculated by reference to the Inflation Index, with a maturity date which falls on the same day as the Maturity Date of the Inflation Linked Notes, or such other date as the Calculation Agent shall select if there is no such bond maturing on the Maturity Date of the Inflation Linked Notes. If any bond so selected is redeemed, the Calculation Agent will select a new Fallback Bond on the same basis, but selected from all eligible bonds in issue at the time the original Fallback Bond is redeemed (including any bond for which the redeemed bond is exchanged). Note the rate of the fallback bond is used as a substitute for the inflation index if, for example, it is no longer published.
has in range: government bond

preferred, non-voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: non-voting share
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: exchangeable preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
broader: extendable preferred share

has relative comparative period
type: Concept
definition: specifies a period (typically a prior period) against which the scoped measure is compared, such as an average set of values for some period of time compared with a more recent or projected average for a forward looking period of time
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: DatePeriod

moneyness
type: Concept
definition: classifier for a derivative relating its strike price to the price of its underlying asset
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Moneyness describes the intrinsic value of an option in its current state. The term moneyness is most commonly used with put and call options and is an indicator as to the comparative value of the option with respect to its exercise/strike price. Moneyness can be measured with respect to the underlying stock or other asset's current/spot price or its future price.

incorporation guarantee
type: Concept
broader: constitution
definition: guarantee that is part of the financial basis by which some legal entity is incorporated
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

constitution
type: Concept
definition: set of basic principles by which an organization is governed, especially in relation to the rights of the people it governs
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A constitution is an aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed.

has seller
type: Concept
definition: indicates the vendor in the context of a sales transaction
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: seller

has record date
type: Concept
adapted from: https://www.investor.gov/introduction-investing/investing-basics/glossary/ex-dividend-dates-when-are-you-entitled-stock-and
has in range: ExplicitDate
synonym: has date of record
definition: indicates the date on which the issuer checks to determine whether a party was on the company's books as a shareholder when required (i.e., they must have been on the books prior to the ex-dividend date), to identify who is eligible to receive the next dividend
has in domain: share
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Companies also use this date to determine who is sent proxy statements, financial reports, and other information.

preferred, restricted voting, extendable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred share with auction rate dividend
type: Concept
broader: preferred share
definition: preferred share whose dividend rate is periodically reset through an auction, such as a Dutch auction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

moratorium
type: Concept
broader: entity-specific credit event
definition: entity-specific credit event involving a temporary suspension of payments until related issues are resolved
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A moratorium may be a legally-mandated hiatus in debt collection as a part of a bankruptcy process.

entity-specific credit event
type: Concept
broader: credit event
definition: credit event that applies to a given legal person
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

credit event
type: Concept
broader: occurrence
definition: event signifying a sudden change in credit standing, such as bankruptcy or a violation of a bond indenture or loan agreement, that raises doubts about the party's ability to meet current or future obligations
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has trading date time
type: Concept
has in domain: security price
definition: indicates the specific date and time associated with a given price
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: DateTime

equity future
type: Concept
broader: financial future
broader: equity derivative
definition: futures contract whose underlying asset is at least one equity security, specifically a publicly issued and traded share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

equity derivative
type: Concept
broader: security-based derivative
definition: security-based derivative whose underlier is based on equities (e.g. shares, basket of equities or index) or their cashflow(s)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

incremental facility debt basket
type: Concept
broader: credit facility debt basket
definition: basket of credit facilities whose constituents are extensible, allowing companies to borrow an additional term loan or revolving credit facility (or increase the commitments applicable thereto) under the same credit agreement subject to certain parameters
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The incremental debt basket is available to borrowers and guarantors only; it cannot be used by non-guarantor entities to raise indebtedness. The size of the incremental debt basket varies depending on the size and creditworthiness of the credit group. The principle of a basket consists of allowing the borrower, up to a maximum determined amount, to make restricted payments, disposals or investments, or take on incremental debt. Commonly, a basket is expressed as subject to restrictions based on a fixed ('hard cap') amount (e.g., may not exceed EUR 5,000,000).
synonym: builder basket

credit facility debt basket
type: Concept
broader: basket of debt instruments
definition: basket of securities whose constituents are credit agreements that allow the borrower to periodically take out money over an extended period of time rather than reapplying for a loan every time they need funds
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The credit facility debt basket consists of a number of credit facilities including revolving loans/line of credit, committed facilities, letters of credit and most retail credit accounts. The first port of call for issuers is the credit facility debt basket. In addition to the fixed dollar (or euro) amounts, credit facility debt baskets in senior secured notes and indentures typically provide for a grower component that is the greater of the fixed dollar/euro amount and a percentage of total assets, total tangible assets or EBITDA.

basket of debt instruments
type: Concept
broader: basket of securities
definition: basket of securities whose constituents are debt instruments
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

basket of securities
type: Concept
broader: dated structured collection
broader: weighted basket
definition: basket composed of securities, typically of a particular asset class such as equities or bonds
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

dated structured collection
type: Concept
definition: structured collection whose elements are required to have a date and time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

weighted basket
type: Concept
broader: basket
definition: basket whose constituents have some relative importance with respect to one another
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

basket
type: Concept
definition: collection of goods, services, or other things (e.g., financial contracts) that can be purchased and sold in some marketplace
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: From a securities perspective, a basket is a collection of products or securities that are designated to mimic the performance of a market. For investors, the market basket is the principal idea behind index funds, which are essentially a broad sample of stocks, bonds or other securities in the market; this provides investors with a benchmark against which to compare their investment returns.
explanatory note: A basket may be associated with a specific market sector, and may be delineated for the purposes of statistical analysis, such as for calculating CPI. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), with respect to the CPI, a market basket is a package of goods and services that consumers purchase for day-to-day living. The weight of each item is based on the amount of expenditure reported by a sample of households.

interest rate setting event
type: Concept
broader: interest calculation
definition: event on which an initial rate for a given contract is set, which may be relative the the occurrence of some other contract lifecycle event, such as the execution date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

interest calculation
type: Concept
broader: contract lifecycle event occurrence
broader: calculation
definition: event reflecting the calculation of interest
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

contract lifecycle event occurrence
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle event occurrence
definition: actual occurrence of an event during a specific stage of a specific contract lifecycle
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

calculation
type: Concept
broader: occurrence
definition: actual execution of some computation, computational process, or operation that was scheduled or triggered by something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, restricted voting, perpetual, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: restricted voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: participating preferred share
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security

quantitative rating score
type: Concept
broader: rating score
definition: rating score that is a simple numeric value on some scale, such as a credit rating for an individual
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

rating score
type: Concept
definition: grade, classification, or ranking of for something in accordance with some rating scale
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The meaning and methodology for determining a rating score for the rating of something is determined by a rating issuer. A given rating may apply at some point in time, as a part of a lifecycle or process, or generally. Typically ratings reflect an assessment of a state of affairs at some point in time.

birth certificate identification scheme
type: Concept
definition: system for allocating identifiers to birth certificates
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Schemes for birth certificate identification are typically regionally defined, and there may be jurisdiction-specific scope required as an additional restriction on a specific scheme.

ABA IIN registry entry
type: Concept
definition: an entry in the ABA IIN registry, a repository of financial institution characteristics collected by the ABA for those institutions to which they issue IINs
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has rate reset time of day
type: Concept
definition: indicates the time of day when a change in a benchmark rate is published, typically the same time every business day
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: DateTime

federal savings bank
type: Concept
broader: savings bank
definition: savings bank that has a federal affiliation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

savings bank
type: Concept
broader: thrift institution
definition: banking institution organized to accept savings deposits and pay interest on those savings deposits
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes
explanatory note: Savings banks can have state and federal affiliations, for example, State Savings Banks and Federal Savings Banks

thrift institution
type: Concept
broader: domestic entity
broader: savings association
definition: savings association that primarily accepts savings account deposits and invests most of the proceeds in mortgages
example: Savings banks and savings and loan associations and credit unions are examples of thrift institutions.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

domestic entity
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider
definition: financial service provider that is incorporated and domiciled in the United States
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

savings association
type: Concept
broader: depository institution
definition: depository institution that is (a) any federal savings bank or association chartered under section 1464 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act; (b) any state chartered building and loan association, savings and loan association, or homestead association; or (c) any cooperative bank (other than a cooperative bank which is a state bank as defined in subsection (a)(2)) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, which is organized and operating according to the laws of the State (as defined in subsection (a)(3)) in which it is chartered or organized; and (c) any corporation (other than a bank) that the board of directors and the comptroller of the currency jointly determine to be operating in substantially the same manner as such a depository institution
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.fdic.gov/regulations/laws/rules/1000-400.html#fdic1000sec.3a

beneficial ownership
type: Concept
broader: ownership
definition: situation linking party that enjoys the benefits of ownership (such as receipt of income) of something even though its ownership (title) may be in the name of another party (called a nominee or registered owner) to the asset that they own
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Beneficial ownership may be shared among a group of individuals. If a beneficial owner acquires a position of more than 5 percent in the United States, it must file Schedule 13D or 13G under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

redemption schedule
type: Concept
broader: payment schedule
definition: repayment schedule whereby a given percentage of a bond issue is redeemed on predefined dates
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

equity total return swap
type: Concept
broader: total return swap
broader: equity swap
definition: total return swap whose return leg underlier is based on equities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15

total return swap
type: Concept
explanatory note: In exchange, the other party, the buyer of the credit risk, agrees to pay the difference in value of the specified asset multiplied by the notional value should that value decrease between the same specified periods of time. Total return swaps often appear in asset classes other than the credit asset class; however, for the purpose of the CFTC Swaps Report, all total return swaps are counted only in the credit asset class.
adapted from: CFTC Data Dictionary. See https://www.cftc.gov/MarketReports/SwapsReports/DataDictionary/index.htm
definition: return swap where the seller agrees to pay the other party the difference in value of some underlying asset multiplied by an agreed-upon notional value should the asset value increase between specified periods of time
broader: return swap
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISDA Disclosure Annex for Commodity Derivative Transactions. See https://globalmarkets.bnpparibas.com/gm/features/docs/dfdisclosures/ISDA_Commodity_Derivatives_Disclosure_Annex_04_2013.pdf
example: For example the parties may enter into a two year agreement where every three months they compare the value of the Barclays Capital Aggregate Bond Index to its value three months previously. If the agreed upon notional was US $10,000,000 and the value increased 0.04%, or 4 basis points (bps), the seller would pay the buyer US $4,000. If, after another three months, the value decreased by 3bps, the buyer would pay the seller US $3,000. As part of the agreement, the buyer may also make an additional payment each period to the seller based on a floating rate index multiplied by the notional value.
explanatory note: In a total return swap that is index-based, the change in the level of the index will be equal to the returns generated by the change in price of each of the contracts that comprise the index plus a return based upon interest earned on any cash collateral posted upon the purchase of the contracts comprising the index.
broader: credit derivative

return swap
type: Concept
broader: swap
definition: swap in which one leg, the return leg, is based on income generated from some underlier
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

swap
type: Concept
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The notional amount, effective date and termination date are some of the properties that each swap leg has that are taken from the swap contract.
explanatory note: Usually, the principal does not change hands. Each cash flow comprises one leg of the swap. One cash flow is generally fixed, while the other is variable, that is, based on a a benchmark interest rate, floating currency exchange rate or index price.
definition: derivative instrument whereby counterparties agree to exchange periodic streams of cash flows or liabilities from two different financial instruments with each other
broader: derivative instrument
explanatory note: The underlying instruments can be almost anything, representing various asset classes, but most swaps involve cash flows (streams of payments or other commitments over time) based on a notional principal amount that both parties agree to.

credit derivative
type: Concept
broader: derivative instrument
definition: derivative instrument that is a privately held, negotiable bilateral contract traded over-the-counter (OTC) between two parties in a creditor/debtor relationship, enabling the creditor to effectively transfer some or all of the risk of a debtor defaulting to a third party
example: Examples include credit default swaps (CDS), collateralized debt obligations (CDO), total return swaps, and credit spread options and forwards.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The third party accepts the risk in return for payment, known as the premium.

equity swap
type: Concept
broader: swap
broader: equity derivative
definition: swap whose payments are linked to the change in value of underlying equities (e.g. shares, basket of equities or index) or their cashflow(s)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15
explanatory note: Equity swaps can be physically or cash settled.

preferred, restricted voting, perpetual, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

private offering
type: Concept
broader: securities offering
definition: offering of securities made privately to a limited number of qualified potential investors
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: EDM Council / Quarule
explanatory note: Unlike a public offering, a private placement does not have to be registered with a regulatory agency if the securities are purchased for investment rather than resale.
synonym: private placement

preferred, voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: single voting share
broader: extendable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
broader: registered security

has cap price
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
broader: has price
definition: price at which the contract may be exercised
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary price

has price
type: Concept
definition: indicates the value of something expressed as an amount of money or goods
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: price

ratio debt basket
type: Concept
broader: basket of debt instruments
definition: basket of debt instruments whose constituents are specified based on a leverage ratio based on total debt rather than only secured debt
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The ratio basket provides different ratio tests depending on the type of indebtedness being incurred (for example, first lien leverage ratio in respect of first lien indebtedness, senior secured leverage ratio in respect of indebtedness secured by a junior lien and a total net leverage ratio or interest coverage ratio in respect of unsecured indebtedness). A ratio basket would typically allow the borrower to incur debt secured on a senior secured basis subject to a maximum senior secured leverage ratio and unsecured debt subject to a maximum total leverage ratio.

self-regulating organization
type: Concept
definition: non-governmental organization that has the power to create and exercise some degree of regulatory authority over an industry or profession in some country or group of countries
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: SRO

labor productivity, based on gross output
type: Concept
broader: productivity
definition: ratio of a quantity index of gross output to a quantity index of labor input
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.oecd.org/std/productivity-stats/2352458.pdf
explanatory note: Shows the time profile of how productively labour is used to generate gross output. Labour productivity changes reflect the joint influence of changes in capital, intermediate inputs, as well as technical, organisational and efficiency change within and between firms, the influence of economies of scale, varying degrees of capacity utilisation and measurement errors.
explanatory note: Gross-output based labour productivity traces the labour requirements per unit of (physical) output. It reflects the change in the input coefficient of labour by industry and can help in the analysis of labour requirements by industry.

intra day price
type: Concept
broader: market price
definition: price for a given security at some point between the opening and official closing price on an exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

market price
type: Concept
broader: security price
definition: last reported price at which a security was sold
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

currency future
type: Concept
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: financial future
definition: futures contract whose underlying asset is an agreement to exchange a specified amount of one currency for another at some point in the future based on pricing stated in the contract
synonym: forex future
broader: currency derivative
synonym: foreign exchange future

currency derivative
type: Concept
abbreviation: FX derivative
synonym: foreign exchange derivative
broader: derivative instrument
synonym: forex derivative
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: currency instrument
definition: agreement to deliver and settle a given amount of money in one currency, in exchange for a given amount in another currency at an agreed rate of exchange

currency instrument
type: Concept
broader: financial instrument
definition: financial instrument used for the purposes of currency trading
example: Example currencies include UK pounds, US dollars, Euro. An example currency instrument is spot currency instrument.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: Each instance of a currency instrument has a one to one relationship with its associated currency.
adapted from: Parameswaran, Sunil. Fundamentals of Financial Instruments: An Introduction to Stocks, Bonds, Foreign Exchange, and Derivatives. John Wiley and Sons (Asia) Pte. Lte., Singapore, 2011.

long-term equity anticipation security
type: Concept
broader: equity option
definition: equity option that allows the holder to buy or sell shares of stock with expiration dates that are longer than one year, and typically up to three years from issue
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: LEAP
explanatory note: By providing opportunities to control and manage risk or even to speculate, LEAPS are virtually identical to regular options. Expiration dates on LEAPs can range from nine months to three years, which is longer than the holding period for a traditional call or put option. Although they are not available on all stocks, LEAPS are available on most widely held issues.

equity option
type: Concept
broader: vanilla option
broader: equity derivative
definition: option giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to buy (via a call option) or sell (via a put option) the underlying equity assets specified at a pre-determined price (i.e., the strike price, fixed or calculated), on or before a specified date (the expiration date)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019.
explanatory note: For an Equity Option, one contract represents 100 shares of stock. Equity options settle in 'American style'.

currency forward rate volatility
type: Concept
broader: exchange rate volatility
broader: implied volatility
definition: measure of exchange rate fluctuation based on a range of projected values for exchange rates
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

exchange rate volatility
type: Concept
usage note: Volatility is modeled here using a structured collection, comprised of a series of individual exchange rates (either projected or prior quoted rates), dates, and the source for those rates for some overall period of time
broader: volatility
definition: statistical measure of the rate of change in the rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

volatility
type: Concept
broader: dispersion
definition: statistical measure of the dispersion around the average of some random variable over some period of time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

dispersion
type: Concept
explanatory note: A measure of statistical dispersion is a nonnegative real number that is zero if all the data are the same and increases as the data become more diverse.
explanatory note: It is usually measured as an average deviation about some central value (e.g. mean deviation, standard deviation) or by an order statistic (e.g. quartile deviation, range) but may also be a mean of deviations of values among themselves (e.g. Gini's mean difference and also standard deviation).
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
example: Common examples of measures of statistical dispersion are the variance, standard deviation, and interquartile range. The collection size argument, above, represents the number of elements in the set, if known. The collection of values under consideration is represented as a structured collection in FIBO, typically a sample set derived from a finite population.
definition: degree of scatter or variability shown by observations
adapted from: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp
broader: statistical measure

implied volatility
type: Concept
broader: volatility
definition: measure of volatility that is a forward-looking metric used to calculate probability
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: projected volatility

weighted average coupon
type: Concept
abbreviation: WAC
explanatory note: The weighted average coupon (WAC) is calculated by taking the gross of the interest rates owed on the underlying mortgages of the MBS and weighting them according to the percentage of the security that each mortgage represents. The WAC represents the average interest rate of different pools of mortgages with varying interest rates. In the weighted average calculation, the principal balance of each underlying mortgage is used as the weighting factor. To calculate the WAC, the coupon rate of each mortgage or MBS is multiplied by its remaining principal balance. The results are added together, and the sum total is divided by the remaining balance. A mortgage-backed security's current WAC can differ from its original WAC as the underlying mortgages pay down at different speeds. In the weighted-average calculation, the principal balance of each underlying mortgage is used as the weighting factor.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: weighted-average gross interest rates of the pool of mortgages that underlie a mortgage-backed security (MBS) weighed by their balances at the time the securities were issued
broader: debt pool statistical measure
broader: arithmetic mean
editorial note: Provided by the Issuer (loan servicer?) along with the WALA etc. If you know the underlying loans you can calculate this yourself. For ABS you don't know this so you have to get this information from the loan servicer. Investopedia explains Weighted Average Coupon - WAC For example, suppose a MBS is composed of two different pools of mortgages: $6 million worth of mortgages that yield 7.5% and a pool of $4 million mortgages that yield 5%. The WAC would be 6.5%. The WAC on a mortgage-backed security is an important piece of information used by analysts to estimate the pre-pay characteristics of that security. It is an important relative value tool in MBS portfolio management and analysis.

debt pool statistical measure
type: Concept
broader: qualified measure
definition: qualified measure of some aspect of the behavior of one or more debt instrument(s) that may vary over time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

arithmetic mean
type: Concept
broader: mean
definition: sum of a collection of numbers divided by the number of numbers in the collection
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: While the arithmetic mean is often used to report central tendencies, it is not a robust statistic, meaning that it is greatly influenced by outliers (values that are very much larger or smaller than most of the values). Notably, for skewed distributions, such as the distribution of income for which a few people's incomes are substantially greater than most people's, the arithmetic mean may not accord with one's notion of 'middle', and robust statistics, such as the median, may be a better description of central tendency.
synonym: average

mean
type: Concept
adapted from: https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp
adapted from: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/edu/power-pouvoir/glossary-glossaire/5214842-eng.htm#m
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: When unqualified, the mean usually refers to the expectation of a variate, or to the arithmetic mean of a sample used as an estimate of the expectation.
synonym: expected value
definition: most common measure of central tendency; the average of a set of numbers
broader: statistical measure
symbol: μ
synonym: first (raw) moment

filing for bankruptcy
type: Concept
broader: entity-specific credit event
definition: credit event that involves a request to a court to be recognized as bankrupt
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The bankruptcy process is initiated via a petition filed by the debtor or on behalf of creditors. The debtor's assets may be used to repay a portion of outstanding debt as specified by the court or a court-appointed individual.

proprietary security identification scheme
type: Concept
broader: security identification scheme
definition: security identification scheme published by a commercial entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Proprietary schemes may be unique to an exchange or data provider, for example.

overnight rate index leg
type: Concept
broader: floating interest rate leg
definition: floating leg in which periodic payments are based on an overnight interest rate index multiplied by the same notional amount on which the payments for the other leg of the swap are based
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15

floating interest rate leg
type: Concept
broader: floating leg
broader: interest rate swap leg
definition: floating leg in which variable interest is paid on some notional amount, linked to some underlying interest reference rate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Instead of an absolute rate you have either a variable reference rate or fixed reference rate and an offset that varies in some way, called a spread (same as margin in floating rate notes).
synonym: floating interest rate swap stream

interest rate swap leg
type: Concept
broader: rate-based leg
definition: swap leg that has an interest rate payment stream, including both a parametric and cashflow representation for the stream of payments
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: interest rate swap stream

rate-based leg
type: Concept
broader: swap leg
definition: swap leg of a rate-based swap based on a floating interest, floating inflation or fixed interest rate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

household
type: Concept
broader: institutional unit
definition: individual or small group of persons who occupy a housing unit (such as a house or apartment) as their usual place of residence, who pool some, or all, of their income and wealth and who consume certain types of goods and services collectively, mainly housing and food
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp
explanatory note: A household may be either (a) a one-person household, that is to say, a person who makes provision for his or her own food or other essentials for living without combining with any other person to form part of a multi-person household or (b) a multi-person household, that is to say, a group of two or more persons living together who make common provision for food or other essentials for living. The persons in the group may pool their incomes and may, to a greater or lesser extent, have a common budget; they may be related or unrelated persons or constitute a combination of persons both related and unrelated. A household may be located in a housing unit or in a set of collective living quarters such as a boarding house, a hotel or a camp, or may comprise the administrative personnel in an institution. The household may also be homeless.
explanatory note: From the perspective of the U.S Census Bureau, a household includes the related family members and all the unrelated people, if any, such as lodgers, foster children, wards, or employees who share the housing unit. A person living alone in a housing unit, or a group of unrelated people sharing a housing unit such as partners or roomers, is also counted as a household. The count of households excludes group quarters [such as institutional facilities]. There are two major categories of households, 'family' and 'nonfamily'.

institutional unit
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: party that is capable, in its own right, of owning assets, incurring liabilities, and engaging in economic activities and in transactions with other parties
adapted from: https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/concepts/ccius/intro
explanatory note: There is a hierarchical relationship between institutional units and establishments. An institutional unit contains one or more entire establishment(s); an establishment belongs to one and only one institutional unit. There are two main types of units in the real world that may qualify as institutional units, namely persons or groups of persons in the form of households, and legal or social entities.
broader: functional entity
adapted from: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp
adapted from: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/units

dividend leg
type: Concept
usage note: Note that both dividend swaps and some statistical swaps can be based on a dividend stream/leg.
broader: simple return leg
definition: floating leg of a dividend swap
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

simple return leg
type: Concept
broader: return leg
definition: return leg based strictly on the income generated by the underlying asset, excluding appreciation, decrease in value, capital gains, and fees on any increase in value
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Payments may include interest payments on a debt instrument or the dividends on an equity, for example.

return leg
type: Concept
broader: floating leg
definition: leg of a swap in which the income generated by some underlier is paid
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The return, including income from a tangible asset, the constituents of an index, or a notional/specified amount of some asset (e.g. number of shares, amount of a commodity, etc.), may be limited to the dividend or interest amounts on the underlying (simple return), or total return including capital gains and/or the appreciation or decrease in value of the asset (or index constituents).

debit card
type: Concept
broader: payment card
definition: payment card issued by a financial service provider that enables the cardholder to access funds in a demand deposit account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

payment card
type: Concept
definition: legal document issued by a financial services provider that enables the cardholder to access the funds in the customer's designated bank accounts, or through a credit account and make payments by electronic funds transfer and access automated teller machines (ATMs)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: For purposes of Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS), a payment card is any payment card/device that bears the logo of the founding members of PCI SSC, which are American Express, Discover Financial Services, JCB International, MasterCard, or Visa, Inc.
explanatory note: The term payment card includes credit cards, debit cards, and stored-value cards, as well as payment through any distinctive marks of a payment card (such as a credit card number). A payment card is issued under an agreement that provides standards and mechanisms for settling the transactions between a merchant acquiring bank or similar entity and the providers who accept the cards as payment.

sustainability-linked loan
type: Concept
broader: credit agreement repaid periodically
example: The use of proceeds in relation to a SLL is not a determinant in its categorisation and, in most instances, SLLs will be used for general corporate purposes. Instead, SLLs look to support a borrower in improving its sustainability performance.
broader: commercial loan
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A borrower's sustainability performance is measured using sustainability performance targets (SPTs), which include key performance indicators, external ratings and/or equivalent metrics that measure improvements in the borrower's sustainability profile.
definition: credit agreement and/or contingent facility (such as a bonding line, guarantee line or letter of credit) for which the economic characteristics can vary depending on whether the borrower achieves ambitious, material and quantifiable predetermined sustainability performance objectives aligned with Sustainability-Linked Loan Principles (SSLP)
adapted from: https://www.addleshawgoddard.com/en/insights/insights-briefings/2020/financial-services/green-loans-and-sustainability-linked-loans-what-is-the-difference/
adapted from: https://www.lsta.org/content/sustainable-lending-glossary-of-terms/
abbreviation: SLL

commercial loan
type: Concept
broader: loan
definition: loan extended to a corporation, commercial enterprise, joint venture, or other organization as opposed to a consumer
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Such loans may include those that provide working capital, are used to finance the purchase of equipment and/or materials, for facilities and/or improvement of facilities, and so forth, and are typically secured.
synonym: commercial and industrial loan

barrier instrument-based mini-future certificate
type: Concept
broader: mini-future certificate
definition: mini-future certificate that immediately expires if the barrier instrument trading price level is breached during product lifetime
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

custom product
type: Concept
broader: product
definition: product that is made to order, commissioned based on a customer's specifications
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: bespoke product
synonym: custom-made product
synonym: made to order product

product
type: Concept
definition: commercially distributed good that is (1) tangible property, (2) the output or result of a fabrication, manufacturing, or production process, or (3) something that passes through a distribution channel before being consumed or used.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Financial products include contracts that are developed via a financial service-specific process, such as a life insurance policy, demand deposit account or financial instrument, for example. Leases and rentals are similar in that they are initiated via some contractual development process, wherein the product is the right to use something for some period of time.

equity correlation swap
type: Concept
broader: correlation swap
broader: equity swap
definition: correlation swap that allows one to hedge risks associated with the observed average correlation of a collection of underlying equity products
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The underlier for the leg can be any of (1) dividend stream for a single stock, (2) change in value for a single share, (3) change in value for a basket of shares, (4) change in value for an index, (5) value of a dividend stream for a basket of shares, or (6) comparison of the change in value of a given share or basket or index against something else - for example, a single share against an index, which is the thing you are cross-correlating with the volatility of the share.

correlation swap
type: Concept
broader: statistical swap
definition: over-the-counter statistical derivative that allows one to hedge risks associated with the observed average correlation of a collection of underlying products
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Each product that can act as the underlier on which the correlation is based has periodically observable prices, such as a commodity, exchange rate, interest rate, or stock index. Correlation trading is a strategy in which the investor receives exposure to the average correlation of an index.

statistical swap
type: Concept
broader: swap
definition: swap that depends on some statistical measure of the performance of the underlier
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

micropolitan statistical area
type: Concept
adapted from: List of micropolitan statistical areas
definition: one or more adjacent counties or county equivalents that have at least one urban core area of at least 10,000 population but less than 50,000, plus adjacent territory that has a high degree of social and economic integration with the core as measured by commuting ties
adapted from: 06282010 metro standards-Complete.pdf
abbreviation: μSA
broader: government-specified statistical area
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: 2020-standards-for-delineating-core-based-statistical-areas

government-specified statistical area
type: Concept
broader: statistical area
definition: statistical area defined by a government agency
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

statistical area
type: Concept
definition: physical location that is defined per some program for designating geographic regions for the purposes of tabulating and presenting statistical data
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/display/IND/Statistics+Canada+Census+Information
adapted from: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=6358041

bullet bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
definition: bond whose entire principal value is paid on the maturity date, rather than amortized over its lifetime
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, voting, redeemable exchangeable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: participating preferred share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: single voting share
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: cumulative preferred share

open-end reverse mortgage
type: Concept
broader: open-end mortgage loan
broader: reverse mortgage loan
definition: reverse mortgage structured like a home equity line of credit in that it provides the borrower with additional funds after closing (either as fixed monthly payments, under a line of credit, or both)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Normally, open-end reverse mortgages are first liens. These include combinations of both a lump sum payment to the borrower at closing and payments after the closing of the loan.
source: Instructions for the Preparation of Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income, FFIEC 031 and FFIEC 041, Updated March 2023, clause A-91

open-end mortgage loan
type: Concept
broader: loan secured by real estate
broader: open-end credit
definition: loan secured by real estate with a provision that the outstanding loan amount may be increased upon mutual agreement of the lender and the borrower
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: MISMO Business Glossary, available at https://www.mismo.org/standards-resources/business-glossary/

loan secured by real estate
type: Concept
source: Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income for a Bank with Domestic and Foreign Offices - FFIEC 031; Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System OMB Number 7100-0036, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation OMB Number 3064-0052, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency OMB Number 1557-0081, dated 20240930
explanatory note: The borrower agrees to pay the lender over time, typically in a series of regular payments divided into principal and interest. The property then serves as collateral to secure the loan.
explanatory note: In general parlance, loans secured by real estate are often called mortgages or mortgage loans. This usage conflates a number of related concepts, which would limit the usability of FIBO for financial institutions and regulators with respect to such loans. As described herein, many different kinds of loans can be secured by real estate, including various commercial, construction, agricultural, and consumer loans.
broader: collateralized loan
example: Examples include (a) Construction, land development, and other land loans: (1) 1-4 family residential construction loans, and (2) Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans; (b) Secured by farmland (including farm residential and other improvements); (c) Secured by 1-4 family residential properties: (1) Revolving, open-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties and extended under lines of credit, and (2) Closed-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties including those secured by first liens and those secured by junior liens; (d) Secured by multifamily (5 or more) residential properties; and (e) Secured by nonfarm nonresidential properties: (1) Loans secured by owner-occupied nonfarm nonresidential, and (2) Loans secured by other nonfarm nonresidential properties.
explanatory note: In the US, to be considered wholly or substantially secured by a lien or liens on real property, the estimated value of the real estate collateral at origination (after deducting any more senior liens held by others) must be greater than 50 percent of the principal amount of the loan at origination.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
source: Instructions for the Preparation of Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income, FFIEC 031 and FFIEC 041, Updated March 2023, clause A-91
definition: loan that, at origination, is secured wholly or substantially by a lien or liens on real property for which the lien or liens are central to the extension of the credit - that is, the borrower would not have been extended credit in the same amount or on terms as favorable without the lien or liens on real property

open-end credit
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: charge account credit
synonym: revolving credit
broader: credit agreement
explanatory note: There is a credit limit most of the time, with exceptions including reverse mortgages with tenure payment. The borrower has the option of paying off the outstanding balance, without penalty, or making installment payments.
definition: credit agreement that may be extended up to an agreed credit limit and paid down at any time within the period of the line, if any, and on which interest is charged only on the outstanding balance
example: Credit card and overdraft lines of credit are among the most widely used forms of open-end credit.

reverse mortgage loan
type: Concept
broader: loan secured by real estate
definition: loan secured by real estate that pays money to the borrower against a set principal limit based on the value of existing equity in the underlying collateral
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The interest accrued is added to the principal balance.

capital lease
type: Concept
broader: lease
definition: lease that must be reflected on an organization's balance sheet as an asset and as a corresponding liability
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In the United States, such leases must be reported per Statement 13 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board. Generally, this applies to leases where the lessee acquires essentially all of the economic benefits and risks of the leased property.
synonym: financial lease

lease
type: Concept
broader: credit agreement repaid periodically
definition: credit agreement permitting the use of real estate, equipment or another asset, such as a vehicle, by the owner of that asset (the lessor) to a user (the lessee) for a specific period of time in return for payment as specified in the agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The lessor is the legal owner of the asset, while the lessee obtains the right to use the asset in return for rental payments. The lessee also agrees to abide by various conditions regarding their use of the property or equipment. For example, a person leasing a car may agree to the condition that the car will only be used for personal use.
synonym: lease contract
synonym: lease agreement

uncommitted sub-facility
type: Concept
broader: sub-facility
definition: sub-facility that has yet to be confirmed as a source of financing for the borrower
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

sub-facility
type: Concept
broader: written contract
definition: portion of a credit facility extended to the borrower for some purpose, possibly per some schedule specified in the facility
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Each sub-facility may have separate terms, and may be or include individual promissory notes, depending on the facility. The amount of associated with the individual sub-facilities sums to the total credit facility amount. Sub-facilities may, individually, have a stated purpose, such as to cover inventory, equipment, accounts receivable, working capital, letters of credit, and so forth.

has market identifier code status
type: Concept
broader: has registration status
definition: indicates the status of a specific market identifier code (MIC)
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: market indicator code status

has registration status
type: Concept
broader: has stage
definition: indicates the status of a specific registration, such as for an identifier or license
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: registration status

has stage
type: Concept
definition: relates something, such as a product or trade lifecycle or related process, to a phase or stage in that lifecycle
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

registration status
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle stage
definition: lifecycle stage indicating the status of a given registration of something, such as a business or legal entity, as specified by the registration authority
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1
explanatory note: There may be other possible values for registration status, depending on the registry, thus the individuals provided herein are not intended to be exhaustive.

lifecycle stage
type: Concept
definition: phase in a lifecycle
example: a research and development phase of a product lifecycle, the introduction phase in a marketing lifecycle, a growth stage in an economic lifecycle, or the origination phase in the lifecycle of a loan
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

market indicator code status
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle stage
definition: lifecycle stage indicating the status of the MIC code, as specified by the registration authority
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/market-identifier-codes

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: enhanced voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

market action
type: Concept
broader: action
definition: action that is initiated by a market, such as a securities exchange, that affects a legal entity or the securities it issues and may have a material impact on that entity's stakeholders, such as shareholders and creditors
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

action
type: Concept
broader: occurrence
definition: event announced, initiated or carried out by an organization that affects a legal entity or the securities it issues and may have a material impact on that entity's stakeholders, such as shareholders and creditors
example: Actions that impact an entity may be initiated by an issuer, exchange, regulator, creditor, or other third party.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Actions initiated by an issuer are typically approved by that company's board of directors and authorized by their shareholders.

student loan asset-backed security
type: Concept
broader: asset-backed security
definition: asset-backed security based on student loan receivables
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The main purpose behind Student Loan ABS is to diversify the risk for lenders across many investors. By pooling and then packaging the loans into securities and selling them to investors, agencies can spread around the default risk, which allows them to give out more loans and larger loans. This way, more students have access to loans, investors have a diversifying investment instrument, and lenders can generate consistent cash flow from their securitization and debt collection services.
explanatory note: If the credit risk of the pool has been decoupled from the institution via an SPV, then student loan asset-backed securities are also structured finance instruments.

has limited partner
type: Concept
has in domain: partnership
definition: indicates an actor that may have some measure of influence over the partnership
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: limited partner

partnership
type: Concept
broader: business entity
definition: association of two or more legal persons to carry on as co-owners a business for profit
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Partnerships exist in many countries world-wide. Examples of the laws related to the establishment and operation of partnerships include the Partnership Act of 1890 in the United Kingdom and the Uniform Partnership Act in the United States.
explanatory note: Whether or not partnerships are established through, for example, incorporation, depends on the jurisdiction. Partnerships typically not corporations in the US, but can be in Australia and Ghana. See https://legalvision.com.au/what-are-incorporated-limited-partnerships/ and http://swiftlaw.co/incorporated-partnership/ for additional details.

limited partner
type: Concept
broader: partner
definition: partner whose liabilities are limited to the extent of their investment or guarantees and that has no involvement in the day to day operations of the partnership
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

partner
type: Concept
broader: constitutional owner
definition: co-owner, member, and agent of a partnership whose participation level, including proportional liabilities and share in the profit / loss of the business is specified in a partnership agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

constitutional owner
type: Concept
broader: entity owner
definition: entity owner that holds an equity stake in said entity, in the form of shareholders' equity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Typically this would be share ownership or the holding of partnership equity. Ownership in this 'constitutional' sense means that the owner is in some way a member of the organization, such as an employee or director, as distinct from some outside investor.

entity owner
type: Concept
broader: owner
definition: owner (person, group of people, or other business entity) that owns, or holds an ownership interest in, a formal business organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

owner
type: Concept
definition: party that is legally recognized as having the right to possess, the privilege to use, and ability to transfer any rights or privileges associated with something, as permitted by law
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

novateable contract
type: Concept
broader: transferable contract
definition: contract that may be replaced by another contract, and in that event, extinguishes the rights and obligations in effect under the original contract with those in the new agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Novation is different from assignment in the following ways: (1) novation is a consensual transfer of contractual rights and obligations, while an assignment can transfer only obligations and does not require the consent of the benefiting party, and (2) novation terminates the original contract, but assignment does not.
explanatory note: In general, novation means consensual substitution of a party or obligation in the original contract with a new party or obligation in the successor contract. The new party takes on the rights and obligations of the original party. The corresponding novation agreement must be signed by the transferor, the transferee, and the counterparty (the other contracting party). Novation is frequently used in mergers and acquisitions to replace any outstanding relationships or rights and obligations of the organization being subsumed with relationships or obligations of the acquiring entity. It is also commonly used with respect to loan rescheduling.

owns and controls
type: Concept
has in domain: Party
broader: owns
broader: controls
definition: directs and exercises authoritative or dominating influence over some thing that is also owned
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
editorial note: basic rule: if x controls y and x owns y then x owns and controls y SWRL rule: controls(?x, ?y), owns(?x, ?y) -> ownsAndControls(?x, ?y)

owns
type: Concept
has in domain: Party
definition: indicates something that a party holds title to and may possess
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

controls
type: Concept
has in domain: Party
definition: exercises authority or influence over
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

guarantees
type: Concept
definition: provides a formal assurance or promise, esp. that certain conditions shall be fulfilled relating to a product, service, or transaction
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

purchase lot
type: Concept
broader: financial asset
definition: financial asset that is a block of securities or other financial assets bought in one transaction on a given date at a specific price
example: Buying 100 shares of Apple on Jan 10 at $150/share is one purchase lot; buying 50 more shares on Mar 15 at $160/share is another purchase lot.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Purchase lot is typically used as a trading term by brokers and portfolio managers to describe how holdings are grouped.

has spot exchange rate
type: Concept
broader: has quoted exchange rate
definition: rate of exchange between two currencies as specified as of some date and time as quoted by a specific source, typically for a spot contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: quoted exchange rate

has quoted exchange rate
type: Concept
definition: rate of exchange between two currencies as specified as of some date and time as quoted by a specific source
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: quoted exchange rate

quoted exchange rate
type: Concept
broader: market rate
broader: exchange rate
definition: exchange rate quoted at a specific point in time, for a given block amount of currency as quoted against another (base) currency
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: An exchange rate of R represents a rate of R units of the quoted currency to 1 unit of the base currency.

market rate
type: Concept
definition: value of a rate established in the marketplace for a set of instruments or that describes the economic climate for an industry and/or political region (e.g., SOFR, Prime)
example: Financial market rates include, but are not limited to reference rates, foreign exchange rates, lending rates, bankers' acceptance rates, and so forth.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: known collectively (in the CFI Standard) as referential instruments
scope note: Market rates include but may not be limited to the following: (1) Index: Statistical composite that measures changes in the economy or in financial markets, often expressed in percentage changes from a base year or from the previous month (2) Money Rate: Benchmark or guideline for interest rates determined by central banks or economical climate as a whole (3) Bankers' Acceptance Rate: Benchmark reflecting market fluctuations of Bankers' Acceptance issued instruments (4) Commercial Paper Rate: Benchmark reflecting market fluctuations of Commercial Paper issued instruments (5) Certificate of Deposit Rate: Benchmark reflecting market fluctuations of Certificate of Deposit issued instruments (6) Interbank Rate (7) Prime (8) Time Deposit Rate: Benchmark reflecting market fluctuations of Deposit/Redeposit issued instruments

exchange rate
type: Concept
definition: rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another
example: The exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and British pound is distinct from the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the euro.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

notification provision
type: Concept
broader: contractual commitment
definition: provision indicating that notification is required prior to the occurrence of a relevant event
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has full sovereignty over
type: Concept
broader: has sovereignty over
definition: relates a polity to a geopolitical entity where the polity has absolute, supreme and ultimate dominion and authority of a political state subject to no higher power, expressed within its territory in full self-government and in complete freedom from any outside influence
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has sovereignty over
type: Concept
has in domain: polity
definition: relates a polity to a geopolitical entity where the polity exercises dominion and authority of a political state
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: GeopoliticalEntity

ZIP+4 Code
type: Concept
broader: postcode
definition: nine-digit number consisting of five digits, a hyphen, and four digits, which the USPS describes by its trademark ZIP+4
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The correct format for a numeric ZIP+4 code is five digits, a hyphen, and four digits. The first five digits represent the 5-digit ZIP Code; the sixth and seventh digits (the first two after the hyphen) identify an area known as a sector; the eighth and ninth digits identify a smaller area known as a segment. Together, the final four digits identify geographic units such as a side of a street between intersections, both sides of a street between intersections, a building, a floor or group of floors in a building, a firm within a building, a span of boxes on a rural route, or a group of Post Office boxes to which a single USPS employee makes delivery.

share yield
type: Concept
broader: yield
definition: ratio of the annualized dividend per share divided by the (current) price per share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: dividend-price ratio
synonym: dividend yield

yield
type: Concept
definition: return on the investor's capital investment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A Yield must be based on a price, and must be in reference to some event or duration of time. It has a calculation method, and may have other qualifying terms such as for compounded yield.
explanatory note: Yield reflects income over some period of time which is then annualized, and typically projected into the future, assuming that conditions and rates remain the same, whereas return on investment is retrospective.

has calculation agent
type: Concept
definition: indicates a party (role) responsible for determining the value of an instrument
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: calculation agent

calculation agent
type: Concept
broader: third-party agent
definition: party that is responsible for determining the value of an instrument and in some cases, determines how much the parties owe one another
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A calculation agent is an entity responsible for performing calculations and determinations outlined in financial agreements, often related to derivatives or structured products. They ensure accuracy and timeliness in calculating payments, interest rates, or other terms based on predefined formulas and market conditions. The agent can establish the price for a given instrument and may act as its guarantor and issuer. If the counterparty in a derivative transaction is a broker-dealer, then the broker-dealer will often act as the calculation agent.

third-party agent
type: Concept
usage note: Note that third-party agent is defined as a service provider (organization) acting in an agency capacity, such as a law firm, accountancy, or investment bank. This is distinct from the concept of an individual (licensed agent), for example one who works for a broker-dealer, that is a registered agent licensed to sell securities.
broader: licensee
broader: legal agent
definition: any service provider that is licensed to perform a legally binding function and has been legally empowered to act on behalf of another party
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: 17 CFR 45.1, Definitions - see the definition of agent

licensee
type: Concept
definition: a party to whom a license has been granted
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Business and Economics Terms, Fifth Edition, 2012

legal agent
type: Concept
definition: any party that has been legally empowered to act on behalf of another party
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: 17 CFR 45.1, Definitions - see the definition of agent

has first par call price
type: Concept
has in domain: call feature
broader: has first call price
definition: specifies the amount of the call on the first par call date as specified in the call schedule
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary price

call feature
type: Concept
broader: redemption provision
definition: redemption provision defining the rights of the issuer to buy back a security at a call price after a call protection period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Most corporate and municipal bonds have ten-year call features (termed call protection by holders); government securities typically have none.
synonym: call provision

has first call price
type: Concept
has in domain: call feature
broader: has call price
definition: indicates the amount of the call on the first call date as specified in the call schedule
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary price

has call price
type: Concept
synonym: has redemption price
broader: has price
has in range: monetary price
definition: indicates the amount of the call on the specified call date, typically the sum of par value and the call premium, as specified in the contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in domain: call feature
explanatory note: This is the price a bond issuer or preferred stock issuer must pay investors to buy back, or call, all or part of an issue before the maturity date.

transaction category
type: Concept
definition: high-level classifier for an individual transaction
example: credit, debit, fee
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

home equity line of credit
type: Concept
broader: revolving line of credit
acronym: HELOC
broader: secured consumer loan
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Home equity loans allow the borrower to borrow against the difference between the fair market value of the property, as determined by an appraisal, and the amount of any outstanding debt on that property, which is typically a first mortgage. Common practice is to set the maximum amount that can be borrowed of up to 80 percent of the fair market value less any outstanding debt.
explanatory note: Usually, the term of a HELOC can vary from 5 to up to 25 years, with an initial draw period during which the borrower can access the line of credit, followed by a repayment period during which monthly payments on principal and interest are due until the loan is paid in full. Note that there are restrictions in the US on the nature of the property that may be used as collateral for a HELOC - it must be classified as a 1-4 family dwelling. That determination is independent from the use of proceeds.
definition: line of credit granted to a homeowner secured by the equity value in a borrower's home or other property
broader: loan secured by real estate

revolving line of credit
type: Concept
broader: committed credit facility
definition: credit facility that enables the borrower to withdraw funds, repay, and withdraw again
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Revolving credit facilities are essentially lines of credit with variable interest rates.

committed credit facility
type: Concept
broader: credit facility
definition: credit facility that is a confirmed source of financing for the borrower, as long as the borrower meets the conditions of the agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

general partnership
type: Concept
broader: partnership
definition: partnership that has at least two general partners that agree to share in all assets, profits, and financial and legal liabilities of the business
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: GP
explanatory note: General partnerships are the most basic and common form of partnership world-wide.

product lifecycle stage
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle stage
definition: phase in a product lifecycle
example: research and development phase of a product lifecycle or the introduction phase in a marketing lifecycle, growth stage in an economic lifecycle for a product
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

supersedes
type: Concept
has in domain: contract
definition: indicates a contract that was executed prior to and is replaced by this contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: contract

borrower identification scheme
type: Concept
broader: party role identification scheme
definition: system for allocating identifiers to borrowers
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Many banks and other financial institutions have internal systems for assigning identifiers to borrowers. In the United States, larger banks may use a Customer Information File (CIF) number, assigned as a part of their federally mandated Customer Information Program (CIP).

party role identification scheme
type: Concept
definition: system for allocating identifiers to roles that parties play
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

bank identifier
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider identifier
definition: identifier that uniquely identifies the financial institution and, when appropriate, the branch of that financial institution servicing an account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 13616-1:2007 Financial services - International bank account number (IBAN)
synonym: bank number

mid price
type: Concept
broader: security price
broader: arithmetic mean
definition: arithmetic mean between bid and offer prices
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

employed population part-time for non-economic reasons
type: Concept
broader: employed population part-time
definition: subset of the employed population that includes persons that are working fewer than 30 to 35 hours per week due to illness or other health or medical limitations, childcare problems, family or personal obligations, being in school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and having a job where full-time work is less than 35 hours
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.bls.gov/cps/definitions.htm
synonym: population employed part-time for non-economic reasons

employed population part-time
type: Concept
broader: employed population
adapted from: https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx
explanatory note: The definition of part-time varies considerably from country to country according to the OECD. Classification may be based on (1) employee perception, (2) usual working hours, which is the most reliable measure, or (3) actual working hours, which varies due to holidays, illness, etc.
definition: subset of the employed population that includes persons that are working fewer than 30 to 35 hours per week based on usual working hours
synonym: population employed part-time
explanatory note: In the U.S., part-time workers are those who usually work fewer than 35 hours per week. See https://www.bls.gov/cps/definitions.htm for additional details.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

employed population
type: Concept
broader: civilian labor force
definition: subset of the civilian labor force considered to be employed during the reporting period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=6358041
explanatory note: There are a number of distinctions with respect to how individuals are counted from country to country, including whether or not they are considered employed if they are on unpaid leave for some reason, and whether or not they are counted multiple times if they have more than one paying job.

civilian non-institutional person
type: Concept
broader: civilian
broader: legal working age person
definition: legal working-age person that does not live in an institution (for example, a correctional facility, long-term care hospital, or nursing home), and is not on active military duty
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=6358041
explanatory note: The working-age population is the total population in a region, within a set range of ages, that is considered to be able and likely to work. The working-age population measure is used to give an estimate of the total number of potential workers within an economy. For example, in the U.S., it is 16, whereas in Canada it is 15.

civilian
type: Concept
broader: legally competent natural person
definition: person that is not a member of the military (i.e., that is not on active duty)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=6358041

legal working age person
type: Concept
broader: person
definition: person whose age is greater than the minimum legal working age specified in a jurisdiction in which they work
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is parent company of
type: Concept
has in domain: controlling affiliate
broader: is controlling affiliate of
definition: indicates a controlled affiliate that it owns at least 50 percent of
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: subsidiary

controlling affiliate
type: Concept
broader: affiliate
broader: majority controlling party
definition: controlling party in an affiliation situation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

affiliate
type: Concept
definition: party that is related to a legal entity, directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, and controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with that entity, typically determined by the degree of ownership
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

majority controlling party
type: Concept
broader: entity controlling party
definition: controlling party that possesses, either directly or indirectly, the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a legal person, whether through the ownership of a majority of voting securities, by contract, or otherwise
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 17, Chapter 1, Section 49.2

is controlling affiliate of
type: Concept
has in domain: controlling affiliate
broader: is affiliate of
definition: controls directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlled affiliate

is affiliate of
type: Concept
has in domain: affiliate
definition: relates a party which directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control by another party to that party
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: affiliate

controlled affiliate
type: Concept
broader: affiliate
broader: controlled party
definition: controlled party in an affiliation situation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

subsidiary
type: Concept
broader: controlled affiliate
definition: legal entity that is entirely or majority owned and controlled by another legal entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A subsidiary is a separate, distinct legal entity from its parent company(ies) for the purposes of taxation, regulatory compliance, and with respect to liability.

national numbering agency
type: Concept
definition: registration authority responsible for issuing and managing National Securities Identifying Numbers for securities in accordance with the ISO 6166 standard in some jurisdiction (typically that of a country)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: NNA

index tranche credit default swap
type: Concept
broader: multi-name credit default swap
definition: credit default swap that references a synthetic collateralized debt obligation (CDO) based on a credit index where each tranche references a different segment of the loss distribution of the underlying index
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code
explanatory note: Each tranche has a different priority of claims on the principal and interest flows from the collateral pool, and is traditionally portioned into rising levels of seniority.

multi-name credit default swap
type: Concept
definition: credit default swap that references more than one obligation or borrower
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code
synonym: multiname credit default swap
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Draft paper on Credit Default Swaps from the Federal Reserve Board, available at https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/files/2022023pap.pdf
broader: credit default swap
explanatory note: For instance, a multiname contract could be written to cover defaults in a reference portfolio (such as in the case of a basket credit default swap) or, as has been increasingly common over the past couple of decades,be based on an index of commonly negotiated single-name CDS. The latter are generally called CDS indexes.

credit default swap
type: Concept
explanatory note: According to a 2022 working paper from the Federal Reserve, "credit default swaps (CDS) are, by far, the most common type of credit derivative. They are financial instruments that allow the transfer of credit risk among market participants, potentially facilitating greater efficiency in the pricing and distribution of credit risk. In its most basic form, a CDS is a contract where a 'protection buyer' agrees to make periodic payments (the CDS 'spread' or premium) over a predetermined number of years (the maturity or term of the CDS) to a 'protection seller' in exchange for a payment from the protection seller in the event of default by a 'reference entity.' CDS premiums tend to be paid quarterly and are set as a percentage of the total amount of protection bought (the 'notional amount' of the contract). CDS maturities generally range from one to ten years, with the five-year maturity being particularly common." See https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/files/2022023pap.pdf for more detail.
broader: swap
broader: credit derivative
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code
definition: bilateral contract in which one party (protection seller) agrees to provide payment to the other party (protection buyer) should a credit event occur against the underlying, which could be a specified debt (the reference obligation), a specific debt issuer (reference entity), a basket of reference entities and/or reference obligations, or a credit index (reference index)
abbreviation: CDS
explanatory note: Note that the effective date of the contract indicates the starting date of the credit protection defined therein.

obligation restructuring
type: Concept
broader: obligation-specific credit event
definition: credit event that materially impacts an obligation, such as an interest rate reduction, principal reduction, deferral of interest or principal, change in priority ranking, or change in currency or composition of payment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

obligation-specific credit event
type: Concept
broader: triggering event
broader: credit event
definition: credit event that relates to an individual credit agreement or debt instrument (reference obligation)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

triggering event
type: Concept
broader: occurrence
definition: event that relates to or triggers some aspect of a credit default swap
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A triggering event is typically a credit event, but could be anything that happens in the marketplace. For example, a weather-specific contract could be triggered by a hurricane - which wouldn't be considered a credit event per se.

currency spot sell rate
type: Concept
broader: currency spot rate
definition: indicative spot selling market rate as observed by the reporting source
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

currency spot rate
type: Concept
broader: quoted exchange rate
definition: rate at which one currency may be exchanged for another for immediate delivery
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Spot rates represent the prices buyers pay in one currency to purchase a second currency. Although the spot exchange rate is for delivery on the earliest value date, the standard settlement date for most spot transactions is two business days after the transaction date.

transaction identifier
type: Concept
definition: identifier for an individual transaction associated with an account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

service resource
type: Concept
broader: negotiable commodity
definition: negotiable commodity involving services such as transportation, communications, and trade
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10

negotiable commodity
type: Concept
broader: commodity
definition: commodity that can be bought or sold in some marketplace
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

commodity
type: Concept
broader: good
definition: material resource used in commerce that is interchangeable with other commodities of the same type
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Commodities are most often used as inputs in the production of other goods or services. The quality of a given commodity may differ slightly, but it is essentially uniform across producers.

good
type: Concept
definition: physical, produced item over which ownership rights can be established, whose ownership can be passed from one party to another by engaging in transactions, and that is not money or real estate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://data.oecd.org/trade/trade-in-goods.htm
adapted from: https://www.law.cornell.edu/ucc/9/9-102#goods
explanatory note: An inherently useful and relatively scarce tangible item produced from agricultural, construction, manufacturing, or mining activities. Off-the-shelf products, including off-the-shelf software products and customization of software products, are generally considered to be goods. Energy, such as electricity, is also considered to be a good from a legal perspective, and meets the criteria of being manufactured or produced via some process, including but not limited to a mining process. According to the UN Convention On Contract For The International Sale Of Goods, the term 'good' does not include (1) items bought for personal use, (2) items bought at an auction or foreclosure sale, (3) aircraft or ocean-going vessels.
explanatory note: From the Universal Commercial Code (UCC) in the United States, the term 'good' includes (i) fixtures, (ii) standing timber that is to be cut and removed under a conveyance or contract for sale, (iii) the unborn young of animals, (iv) crops grown, growing, or to be grown, even if the crops are produced on trees, vines, or bushes, and (v) manufactured homes. The term also includes a computer program embedded in goods and any supporting information provided in connection with a transaction relating to the program if (i) the program is associated with the goods in such a manner that it customarily is considered part of the goods, or (ii) by becoming the owner of the goods, a person acquires a right to use the program in connection with the goods. The term does not include a computer program embedded in goods that consist solely of the medium in which the program is embedded. The term also does not include accounts, chattel paper, commercial tort claims, deposit accounts, documents, general intangibles, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, letters of credit, money, or oil, gas, or other minerals before extraction.

preferred, restricted voting, perpetual, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: perpetual preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered

median
type: Concept
broader: statistical measure
definition: value of the variate dividing the total frequency of a data sample, population, or probability distribution, into two halves
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp
explanatory note: The basic advantage of the median in describing data compared to the mean is that it is not skewed by extremely large or small values, and may provide a better idea of a 'typical' value.
explanatory note: This measure represents the middle value (if n is odd) or the average of the two middle values (if n is even) in an ordered list of data values. The median divides the total frequency distribution into two equal parts: one-half of the cases fall below the median and one-half of the cases exceed the median.

average hourly earnings
type: Concept
broader: average earnings
definition: measure of the average hourly wage an employee makes over the reporting period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp

average earnings
type: Concept
broader: economic indicator
definition: measure of the average wage an hourly or salaried worker makes in a given period of time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp
explanatory note: Average earnings are typically calculated on an hourly, daily, weekly, or monthly basis. They may be expressed as an amount of money or in terms of a percent change with respect to a prior period, depending on the jurisdiction and report.

limited liability company taxed as a corporation
type: Concept
broader: limited liability company
definition: limited liability company that has elected to have corporate tax status
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: C-LLC
explanatory note: In the United States, LLCs that elect to be taxed as a corporation do so by filing an IRS Form 8832.

limited liability company
type: Concept
broader: private company with limited liability
definition: private limited company that combines the pass through taxation of a sole proprietorship or partnership with the limited liability of a corporation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: LLC

private company with limited liability
type: Concept
broader: business entity
definition: hybrid business entity having characteristics of both a corporation and a partnership or sole proprietorship (depending on how many owners there are)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limited_liability_company#Overview
explanatory note: A private company with limited liability, although a business entity, is not a corporation. The primary characteristic this legal form shares with a corporation is limited liability, and the primary characteristic it shares with a partnership is the availability of pass-through income taxation. It is often more flexible than a corporation, and it is well-suited for companies with a single owner.

FDIC registry entry
type: Concept
definition: an entry in the FDIC institution directory, a repository of financial institution characteristics collected by the FDIC related to the institutions they insure
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www7.fdic.gov/idasp/index.asp

repudiation
type: Concept
broader: obligation-specific credit event
definition: credit event involving the refusal to honor the terms of a contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

treasury inflation-protected security
type: Concept
abbreviation: TIPS
broader: U.S. Treasury security
broader: inflation-linked bond
definition: variable income bond whose principal is indexed to inflation or deflation and thus changes over the life of the security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities, or TIPS, provide protection against inflation. The principal of a TIPS increases with inflation and decreases with deflation, as measured by the Consumer Price Index. When a TIPS matures, you are paid the adjusted principal or original principal, whichever is greater.
broader: variable principal bond

inflation-linked bond
type: Concept
broader: index-linked bond
definition: bond indexed to inflation so that the principal or interest payments rise and fall with the rate of inflation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ILB
explanatory note: Inflation-linked bonds are primarily issued by sovereign governments, such as the U.S. and the UK.
synonym: inflation-indexed bond

index-linked bond
type: Concept
broader: variable income bond
definition: bond whose income may vary over time, because either the coupon rate or principal amount is related to a specific index, such as the Consumer Price Index
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

variable income bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
broader: variable income security
definition: bond whose income may vary over time, because either the coupon rate or principal amount changes in line with an index or schedule over the life of the security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

variable income security
type: Concept
broader: tradable debt instrument
definition: tradeable debt instrument that provide their owners with a rate of return that is dynamic and determined by market forces
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Variable-income securities provide investors with both greater risks as well as rewards.

variable principal bond
type: Concept
broader: variable income bond
definition: bond whose principal adjusts over time with changes in an index
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The principal on variable principal bonds adjusts line with an index such as inflation or GDP. For example, for a bond linked to the CPI, if inflation rises two percent the principal increases by 2 percent. The coupon rate is typically fixed. The best-known example is TIPS or Treasury Inflation Protected Bonds, which are linked to the CPI. TIPs offer a real or inflation adjusted rate of return.

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable exchangeable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, enhanced voting, perpetual, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: registered security
broader: perpetual preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

Goods and Services Tax / Harmonized Sales Tax registration number
type: Concept
adapted from: https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/tax/businesses/topics/gst-hst-businesses/account-register.html
broader: value-added tax identification number
explanatory note: An organization may have more than one GST/HST account through its subunits, this is handled through additional 4-digit subaccount numbers. This is used as both an account and an identifier for the registration.
definition: concatenation of an entity's business number, the 'RT' abbreviation and a 4-digit subaccount number used for reporting GST/HST
example: 000000000RT0001
broader: business number
abbreviation: GST/HST registation number
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

value-added tax identification number
type: Concept
abbreviation: VATIN
definition: tax identifier that identifies a taxable person (business) or non-taxable legal entity for a consumption tax that is assessed incrementally, levied on the price of a product or service at each stage of production, distribution, and sale to the end consumer
explanatory note: If the ultimate consumer is a business that collects and pays to the government VAT on its products or services, it can reclaim the tax paid. Not all localities require VAT to be charged, and exports are often exempt. VAT is usually implemented as a destination-based tax, where the tax rate is based on the location of the consumer and applied to the sales price.
synonym: VAT identification number
broader: tax identifier
adapted from: https://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/business/vat/eu-vat-rules-topic/vat-identification-numbers_en
synonym: VAT registration number
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

merchant category code scheme
type: Concept
broader: industry sector classification scheme
definition: scheme defining a set of codes for classifying merchant services
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 18245:2003 Retail financial services - Merchant category codes
explanatory note: ISO 18245 provides a set of merchant category codes that are used internationally. Some countries, regional governments, banks, and other large organizations extend the basic codes with custom additions to fit business needs.

industry sector classification scheme
type: Concept
definition: system for allocating classifiers to organizations by industry sector
example: Examples include the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) and Standardized Industry Classification (SIC) in the U.S. and Canada, and the NACE (Nomenclature Générale des Activités Économiques dans les Communautés Européennes) in the EU, developed by governments to classify industries. They also include commercial classification schemes, such as the Global Industry Standard Classification (GICS) developed jointly by Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) and Standard and Poor's, and competing schemes including the Industry Classification Benchmark (ICB) system, maintained by Dow Jones and London's FTSE Group, among others.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

common, non-voting, unrestricted, partly paid, registered share
type: Concept
definition: common share that confers exactly 0 votes per share, is unrestricted from a sales perspective, is partially paid and is registered
broader: common share
broader: unrestricted share
broader: non-voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: partially paid share
broader: registered security

unrestricted share
type: Concept
broader: share
broader: negotiable security
definition: share whose ownership/transfer/sale is not subject to special conditions including country-specific restrictions
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

disclosure action
type: Concept
broader: voluntary corporate action
definition: corporate action involving a request for holders or beneficial owners to disclose their name, location and holdings of any issue to the issuer
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

voluntary corporate action
type: Concept
broader: corporate action
definition: event in which the shareholders elect to participate and must respond in order for the issuer to process the action
example: An example of a voluntary corporate action is a tender offer, in which the issuer may request shareholders to tender their shares at a predetermined price.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Shareholders send responses to the issuer's agents, and the issuer will send the proceeds of the action to those shareholders who elect to participate.

corporate action
type: Concept
broader: action
definition: action carried out by or specifically relating to a legal entity that may affect the securities it issues and may have a material impact on its stakeholders, such as shareholders and creditors
example: Examples of corporate actions include share issues, stock splits, consolidation, dividends, mergers and acquisitions, rights issues, spin-offs, and the inception of court actions.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Corporate actions are typically approved by a company's board of directors and authorized by the shareholders.

rating assessment activity
type: Concept
broader: assessment activity
definition: assessment activity resulting in a grade or score and potentially a report describing the score and the process used to determine that score
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

assessment activity
type: Concept
broader: occurrence kind
definition: activity involving the evaluation or estimation of the nature, quality, ability, or value of someone or something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

occurrence kind
type: Concept
usage note: In order for other ontologies to accept FinancialDates without committing to the particular notions of 'Occurrence' and 'OccurrenceKind' that is modeled here, all aspects of Occurrences are captured in this ontolog
definition: classifier that specifies the general nature of an occurrence (event)
example: loan origination
example: trade settlement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: As types (or categories) of events, OccurenceKinds do not happen; OccurenceKinds describe Occurrences which happen and exemplify an OccurenceKind. As occurrences are things that actually happen, they have an actual date where as OccurenceKinds do not have an actual date.

is consolidation of
type: Concept
definition: indicates the entity considered the 'start node' or consolidated entity from an ISO 17442 perspective
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: GLEIF Level 2 Relationship Record (RR) Common Data Format (CDF), see https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/relationship-record-cdf-format#
has in range: LegalEntity

median absolute deviation
type: Concept
broader: dispersion
definition: median of the absolute deviations of observations from the average which may be the arithmetic mean, the median or the mode
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

common, restricted voting, restricted, nil paid, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: restricted voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: restricted share
broader: common share
broader: nil paid share
definition: common share that confers less than one vote per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is nil paid and is registered

nil paid share
type: Concept
broader: share
definition: share whose payment status indicates that none of the market value has been received by the company for the shares
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has detachment point
type: Concept
definition: indicates the maximum (upper boundary) of the total value of the underlying collateral, either at issuance or as of some point in time, at which point the value of given tranche is wiped out
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: When it is said that a tranche becomes 'liable for losses,' it means that the tranche starts to absorb or incur financial losses due to defaults or impairments in the underlying assets. This is based on the contractual agreements and the structuring of the CDO, which dictate the order in which losses are allocated to different tranches. Note that the notion of 'liability for loss' is in a financial or econonmic sense rather than a legal sense.
has in range: detachment point

detachment point
type: Concept
broader: percentage monetary amount
definition: upper tranche boundary of a tranche defined as a percentage of the value of the total pool of collateral, either at issuance or as of some point in time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Alexander Veremyev, Peter Tsyurmasto, and Stan Uryasev. "Optimal Structuring of CDO contracts: Optimization Approach". https://www.ise.ufl.edu/uryasev/files/2012/10/structuring_CDO_JCR_oct12.pdf
adapted from: https://fincyclopedia.net/finance/
explanatory note: The CDO tranche loss arises when the cumulative collateral loss exceeds the tranche's attachment point. The detachment point corresponds to the amount of pool losses that will completely wipe out the respective tranche. The detachment point is the maximum of pool-level losses at which a given tranche becomes liable for losses.

percentage monetary amount
type: Concept
definition: measure of some amount of money expressed as a percentage of some other amount, some notional amount or some concrete money amount
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

foreign banking organization of a bank holding company
type: Concept
broader: foreign banking organization
definition: foreign banking organization that is owned or controlled by a bank holding company
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/nicpubweb/Content/HELP/Institution%20Type%20Description.htm

foreign banking organization
type: Concept
explanatory note: Foreign banking organization means: (1) A foreign bank, as defined in section 1(b)(7) of the International Banking Act of 1978 (12 U.S.C. 3101(7)), that: (i) Operates a branch, agency, or commercial lending company subsidiary in the United States; (ii) Controls a bank in the United States; or (iii) Controls an Edge corporation acquired after March 5, 1987; and (2) Any company of which the foreign bank is a subsidiary.
explanatory note: These entities are regulated and supervised as domestic institutions.
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/nicpubweb/Content/HELP/Institution%20Type%20Description.htm
adapted from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21
definition: financial service provider that is headquartered outside the United States and that can acquire or establish freestanding banks or bank holding companies in the United States
abbreviation: FBO
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: financial service provider

bond purchase right
type: Concept
broader: purchase right
definition: purchase right that gives a prospective acquiree's bondholders the right to buy bonds of the firm or bonds of anyone who acquires the firm at a deep discount to their fair market value
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

purchase right
type: Concept
broader: entitlement
definition: anti-takeover device that gives a prospective acquiree's shareholders the right to buy shares of the firm or shares of anyone who acquires the firm at a deep discount to their fair market value
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
explanatory note: The underlying is usually shares but this not necessarily the case. Also known as "Poison Pill".

offshore depositary receipt
type: Concept
broader: sponsored depositary receipt
definition: depositary receipt issued under SEC Regulation S
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This regulation means that the securities are not, and will not be registered with any U.S. securities regulation authority. Regulation S shares cannot be held or traded by any 'U.S. person' as defined by SEC Regulation S rules. The shares are registered and issued to offshore, non-U.S. residents.

sponsored depositary receipt
type: Concept
broader: American depositary receipt
definition: depositary receipt that is issued in collaboration with the foreign company enabling them to tap into international capital markets directly
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Although a sponsored ADR would be listed in the United States, the issuing company still has its revenue and profit denominated in its home currency.

American depositary receipt
type: Concept
broader: depositary receipt
definition: depositary receipt that represents securities of a foreign company and allows that company's securities to trade in the U.S. financial markets
example: For example, Accton Technology is traded on the Taiwanese exchange. In order for Accton Technology to be traded in the United States, Citibank, acting as a domestic custodian bank, purchases shares of Accton Technology and creates a security, ISIN US00437R1032, which can be traded on a U.S. exchange, in this case PORTAL. Note that the depositary shares do not have to equal the number of original shares. In the case of Accton Technology, one depositary share is equivalent to two original shares.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ADR
explanatory note: Most ADRs are issued by a domestic custodian bank when the underlying securities are deposited in a foreign depositary bank, usually by a broker who has purchased the securities in the open market local to the foreign company. An ADR can represent a fraction of a share, a single share, or multiple shares of a foreign security. The holder of an ADR has the right to obtain the underlying foreign security that the ADR represents, but investors usually find it more convenient to own the ADR. The price of an ADR generally tracks the price of the foreign security in its home market, adjusted for the ratio of ADRs to foreign company shares. In the case of companies domiciled in the United Kingdom, creation of ADRs attracts a 1.5 percent creation fee; this creation fee is different than stamp duty reserve tax charge by the UK government. Depositary banks have various responsibilities to ADR holders and to the issuing foreign company the ADR represents.

depositary receipt
type: Concept
abbreviation: DR
definition: negotiable financial instrument issued by a trust company, security depositary, or bank that is evidence of the deposit of publicly traded securities and that facilitates the ownership of securities traded in other jurisdictions
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
explanatory note: Depositary receipts are widely used in order to allow the trading of securities in jurisdictions other than the one where the original securities were issued, such as in a local market. Depositary receipts facilitate buying securities in foreign companies, because the securities do not have to leave the home country. They enable domestic investors to buy securities of foreign companies without the accompanying risks or inconveniences of cross-border and cross-currency transactions.
broader: security
synonym: depositary receipt

has open date
type: Concept
definition: relates something to the date that it was created
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: open date

open date
type: Concept
definition: date on which something was created
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has Asian tail period
type: Concept
has in domain: Asian option
definition: window of time during which averaging of the price of the underlying contract is effective
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: DatePeriod

Asian option
type: Concept
example: For an Asian call option using arithmetic averaging and a 30-day period for sampling the data: On Nov. 1, a trader purchased a 90-day arithmetic call option on stock XYZ with an exercise price of $22, where the averaging is based on the value of the stock after each 30-day period. The stock price after 30, 60, and 90 days was $21.00, $22.00, and $24.00. The arithmetic average (mean) is (21.00 + 22.00 + 24.00) / 3 = 22.33. The profit is the average minus the strike price 22.33 - 22 = 0.33 or $33.00 per 100 share contract. As with standard options, if the average price is below the strike price, the loss is limited to the premium paid for the call options.
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019.
broader: exotic option
definition: option whose exercise terms involve a payoff determined by the average underlying price (either the strike price or the settlement price) of the underlying asset over a predetermined period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
note: The averaging can be either a geometric or arithmetic average.
explanatory note: These options allow the buyer to purchase (or sell) the underlying asset at the average price instead of the spot price. There are various ways to interpret the word 'average,' and that needs to be specified in the options contract. Typically, the average price is a geometric or arithmetic average of the price of the underlying asset at discreet intervals, which are also specified in the options contract. Because of the averaging feature, Asian options reduce the volatility inherent in the option; therefore, Asian options are typically cheaper than European or American options. They are used by traders who are exposed to the underlying asset over some time, such as consumers and suppliers of commodities, etc.

statistical population
type: Concept
broader: finite population
broader: statistical universe
definition: statistical universe filtered by time and region
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp
explanatory note: A common aim of statistical analysis is to produce information about some chosen population. In statistical inference, a subset of the population (a statistical sample) is chosen to represent the population in a statistical analysis. If a sample is chosen properly, characteristics of the entire population that the sample is drawn from can be estimated from corresponding characteristics of the sample.

finite population
type: Concept
definition: population for which it is possible to count its units
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp
explanatory note: In statistics, a population is a set of similar items or events of interest for some question or experiment. In other words, a population is the complete group of units to which survey results are to apply. (These units may be persons, animals, objects, businesses, trips, etc.). See http://www.statcan.gc.ca/edu/power-pouvoir/glossary-glossaire/5214842-eng.htm#p.

clean price
type: Concept
broader: security price
definition: debt instrument price that does not include accrued interest
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has trustee
type: Concept
has in domain: trust
definition: links a trust to a named trustee
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: trustee

trustee
type: Concept
definition: party that holds and manages assets for the benefit of another
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The trustee is legally obliged to make all trust-related decisions with the beneficiary's interests in mind, and may be liable for damages in the event of not doing so. Trustees may be entitled to a payment for their services, if specified in the trust agreement. In the specific case of the bond market, a trustee administers a bond issue for a borrower, and ensures that the issuer meets all the terms and conditions associated with the borrowing.

preferred, enhanced voting, extendable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has non-binding term
type: Concept
has in domain: agreement
broader: has contractual element
definition: refers to a term that is included in an agreement that is not considered legally binding
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: In other words, a breach of such terms in the future would not be considered to be a breach of the contract.
has in range: non-binding term

has contractual element
type: Concept
has in domain: agreement
definition: indicates something that is a component of an agreement
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: contractual element

non-binding term
type: Concept
broader: contractual element
definition: contractual element that is not legally binding on any party to the agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

capital protection convertible certificate
type: Concept
note: Note that capital protection in this case refers to the nominal price only, and not to the purchase price. The value of the product may fall below its capital protection value during its lifetime; participation is in the underlying price increase above the conversion price; coupon payment is possible.
broader: capital-protected product
broader: participation certificate
definition: capital-protected product whose protection is defined as a percentage of the nominal price (e.g. 100 percent), with minimum redemption at expiry equivalent to the capital protection
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.4.7

capital-protected product
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Depending on the product, they may participate to varying degrees in the underlying asset's upside and protect the capital either entirely or partially.
abbreviation: CPI
broader: structured product
definition: structured product that participates in the performance of a financial asset, such as a stock, fund or index, while protecting the investor's capital
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.4.7
note: Capital protected structured instruments offer investors exposure to chosen underlying assets using various approaches and offering a large variety of asymmetric pay-off profiles. There are one or more reference entities underlying the product. Redemption is made at least in the amount of the conditional capital protection at maturity, provided that no credit event by the reference entity has occurred. Conditional capital protection only applies to the nominal amount and not to the purchase price. The general functioning of a capital guaranteed structured instrument is as follows: the notional amount is split into a zero bond, that will deliver the capital guarantee at maturity, and the difference between the zero bond's value (= present value of the guarantee level at maturity) and the notional amount is used for structuring the performance component with options which deliver the agreed pay-off profile of the structured instrument.
synonym: capital protected investment

notifying party
type: Concept
definition: party responsible for issuing one or more formal notices indicating that an event that is relevant to a given contract has taken place
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The notifying party is the party that notifies the other party when a credit or other triggering event has occurred by means of a credit event notice. If more than one party is referenced as being the notifying party then either party may notify the other of such an occurrence.

is owned asset
type: Concept
has in domain: asset
definition: indicates the context of ownership in which something is an asset
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ownership

preferred, voting, extendable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: single voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
broader: non-cumulative preferred share

has interest payment terms
type: Concept
broader: has contractual element
definition: indicates the specific terms related to interest payments on the principal as specified in the instrument or a related contract document
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: interest payment terms

association
type: Concept
broader: not for profit organization
definition: not-for-profit organization that is owned by and acts on behalf of its members
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Associations include trade or business associations, industry sector-specific groups, and professional associations, among others. They also commonly include cooperative farms and markets.

not for profit organization
type: Concept
definition: organization that uses its surplus revenues to further achieve its purpose rather than distributing its surplus income to the organization's owners (directors, investors, and equivalents) as profit / dividends
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The nonprofit landscape is highly varied, although many people have come to associate NPOs with charitable organizations. Although charities do comprise an often high profile or visible aspect of the sector, there are many other types of nonprofits. Overall, they tend to be either member-serving or community-serving. Member-serving organizations include mutual societies, cooperatives, trade unions, credit unions, industry associations, sports clubs, retired serviceman's clubs and other organizations that benefit a particular group of people - the members of the organization. Typically, community-serving organizations are focused on providing services to the community in general, either globally or locally: organizations delivering human services programs or projects, aid and development programs, medical research, education and health services, and so on.
explanatory note: In the US, a nonprofit organization is an association that explicitly is not required to pay taxes on its income. Such organizations are qualified for this exemption due to their socially desirable objective (e.g. hospitals, charitable organizations, etc., or because they meet some set of requirements as determined by the US Internal Revenue Service.
synonym: non-profit organization

notional place
type: Concept
definition: an abstract place; one of many commonly understood concepts such as domestic, Eurozone etc.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

death certificate identifier
type: Concept
definition: identifier associated with a vital record documenting the death of an individual
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: death certificate number

Canadian consumer price index
type: Concept
broader: consumer price index
definition: economic indicator representing a measure of changes over time in the prices of a fixed basket of consumer goods and services that Canadian private households consume
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CPI
adapted from: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/start
adapted from: https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/subjects-start/prices_and_price_indexes/consumer_price_indexes

consumer price index
type: Concept
broader: economic indicator
definition: economic indicator representing measure of the change over time in the prices of consumer goods and services that households consume
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CPI
adapted from: http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/stat/guides/cpi/
adapted from: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/nationalaccount/docs/SNA2008.pdf

has quotation block amount basis
type: Concept
has in domain: quoted exchange rate
definition: indicates the amount of the dealt currency which would be exchanged in a trade for which the stated spot rate applies
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

controlling nominee
type: Concept
definition: party that holds legal title to an asset (e.g., stocks, bonds, or property) on behalf of the beneficial owner
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The nominee is typically the registered owner of an asset, named in official records.

compound option
type: Concept
broader: exotic option
definition: exotic option for which the underlying asset is another option
example: For example, assume an investor wants to buy a put to sell 100 shares of stock at $50. The stock is currently trading at $55. The investor could buy a Call-Put, which allows them to buy a call now, for say $1 per share ($100), which will allow them to buy a put with a $50 strike in the future. They pay the $1 per share now, but only need to pay the fee for the second option if they exercise the first resulting in them receiving the second option.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Therefore, there are two strike prices and two exercise dates. They are available for any combination of calls and puts. For example, a put where the underlying is a call option or a call where the underlying is a put option. The underlying is the second option, while the initial option is called the overlying. If the compound option is exercised, there are two premiums.
synonym: split-fee options

has equity
type: Concept
has in domain: LegalEntity
definition: indicates owners' equity associated with the entity
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: owners' equity

owners' equity
type: Concept
definition: owners' share in a business plus operating profit
synonym: net worth
explanatory note: Owner's equity is represented by capital investments and accumulated earnings less any dividends or other financial obligations. It is typically used to talk about equity in a business, but may also refer to the net assets of a pool or special purpose vehicle.
synonym: contributed capital
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Banking Terms, Sixth Edition, 2012.
synonym: equity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: capital

regulation identification scheme
type: Concept
definition: a scheme for organizing information and allocating identifiers to regulations
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

gross domestic product
type: Concept
broader: economic indicator
explanatory note: Gross domestic product (GDP) is the value of the goods and services produced by the nation's economy less the value of the goods and services used up in production. GDP is also equal to the sum of personal consumption expenditures, gross private domestic investment, net exports of goods and services, and government consumption expenditures and gross investment. Conceptually, this measure can be arrived at by three separate means: as the sum of goods and services sold to final users, as the sum of income payments and other costs incurred in the production of goods and services, and as the sum of the value added at each stage of production. Although these three ways of measuring GDP are conceptually the same, their calculation may not result in identical estimates of GDP because of differences in data sources, timing, and estimation techniques.
definition: economic indicator representing the broadest measure of aggregate economic activity, measuring the total unduplicated market value of all final goods and services produced within a statistical area in a period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: GDP
explanatory note: GDP represents a valuation expressed in terms of the prices actually paid by the purchaser after all applicable taxes and subsidies.
adapted from: BEA's Handbook of Methods for GDP and related national accounts, available at https://www.bea.gov/methodologies/index.htm#national_meth
adapted from: https://home.treasury.gov/system/files/261/FSOC-2013-Annual-Report.pdf
adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product

basket of credit default swaps
type: Concept
broader: dated structured collection
broader: weighted basket
definition: basket of reference obligations are credit default swap instruments
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that the CDS Index is broken down into tranches depending on different types of credits, for example, investment grade and high yield. Tranches are defined by attachment and detachment points for the index loss distribution. It means that when default events occur the lower-level tranches absorb the loss up to the detachment point, before moving to the next senior tranche.

overnight index swap
type: Concept
broader: interest rate swap
definition: swap in which the periodic payments for one leg are based on an overnight interest rate index multiplied by the same notional amount upon which payments for the other leg of the swap are based
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: OIS swap
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15
explanatory note: The interest of the overnight rate portion of the swap is compounded and paid at reset dates. The present value for the leg is determined by either compounding of the overnight rate or by taking the geometric average of the rate over a given period.

interest rate swap
type: Concept
broader: rates swap
broader: interest rate derivative
definition: swap in which the reference (underlier) for at least one leg is an interest rate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

rates swap
type: Concept
broader: swap
definition: swap in two counterparties each agree to pay the other cash flows on defined dates during an agreed period, based on a specified notional amount and a floating interest, floating inflation or fixed interest rate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15

preferred, non-voting, redeemable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-voting share
broader: participating preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

national numbering agency registry entry
type: Concept
broader: security registry entry
definition: entry in a National Securities Identifying Number registry
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

security registry entry
type: Concept
definition: record for a security in a securities registry
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

government minister
type: Concept
broader: government official
broader: executive
definition: government official that is an executive, who is either appointed or elected to a high office in the government
example: Minister of Finance, Secretary of State, Attorney General of California
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

government official
type: Concept
definition: person elected or appointed to administer some aspect of a government
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has guarantor party
type: Concept
has in domain: controlled party
broader: has controlling party
definition: indicates a party that guarantees, endorses, or provides indemnity for some obligation on its behalf
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: guarantor

guarantor
type: Concept
broader: de jure controlling interest party
broader: contract third party
definition: party that guarantees, endorses, or provides indemnity for some obligation on behalf of some other party
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Business and Economics Terms, Fifth Edition, 2012
explanatory note: In some cases, the party acting as guarantor may also be a party to the contract, such as in the case of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. In such cases, the same individual would be modeled as having both roles.

de jure controlling interest party
type: Concept
broader: controlling party
definition: party that has the legal authority to exercise control
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

contract third party
type: Concept
definition: party that is indirectly involved in, but not a counterparty to, an agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

volume-weighted open price
type: Concept
broader: price analytic
definition: price determined by multiplying each trade by its volume, adding the results, then dividing by the volume over a certain period during the trading day (rather than over the course of the entire day)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: VWOP

price analytic
type: Concept
broader: scoped measure
definition: statistical measure involving security prices
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

LEI registered entity
type: Concept
definition: a legal person that has registered for and is identified by a legal entity identifier
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that the GLEIF data includes multiple LEIs for some entities due to corporate actions or other situations. The duplicates are typically archived after some period of time, but in order to reflect the reality in the data, the restriction is modeled as someValuesFrom rather than exactly 1 LEI for a given entity.

deliverable obligation buyer
type: Concept
broader: contract party
broader: buyer
definition: contract party that is obliged to purchase a deliverable obligation (asset) if a triggering event occurs, depending on the event and the contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

contract party
type: Concept
definition: legally competent party that has entered into a binding agreement, accepting and conceding obligations, responsibilities, and benefits as specified
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, redeemable extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: registered security
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: non-voting share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: cumulative preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: participating preferred share

sustainability performance target identifier
type: Concept
definition: sequence of characters uniquely identifying a specific sustainability-related performance target
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

legal entity identifier
type: Concept
definition: an organization identifier that uniquely identifies a legal person as defined in ISO 17442
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.iso.org/standard/59771.html
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1

has floating rate cap
type: Concept
broader: has interest rate
definition: indicates an optional ceiling (cap) on interest rates on floating rate debts
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Rate caps can be viewed as insurance, ensuring that the maximum borrowing rate never exceeds the specified cap level.
has in range: floating interest rate

has interest rate
type: Concept
definition: relates something, such as an agreement, or debt instrument, to the rate (typically annual) of interest that is to be paid by the debtor to the creditor on the debt
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: interest rate

interest rate
type: Concept
broader: percentage monetary amount
definition: amount charged, expressed as a percentage of principal, in exchange for the use of assets
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Interest rates are typically noted on an annual basis, known as the annual percentage rate (APR). The assets borrowed could include cash, consumer goods, and large assets such as a vehicle or building. The rate is derived by dividing the amount of interest by the amount of principal borrowed. Interest rates are quoted on bills, notes, bonds, credit cards, and many kinds of consumer and business loans.

floating interest rate
type: Concept
broader: variable interest rate
definition: variable interest rate that is based on a specific index or benchmark rate
example: Certain revolving credit, such as credit-card related debt, may adjust after a specified period of time to an absolute rate stated in the agreement (variable but not floating) rather than based on a benchmark rate (variable, floating).
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The index used to determine the specific interest rate is generally included in the terms of the loan. In most cases, lenders will also charge a spread, or added percentage points on top of the established index rate. If a loan is billed as prime plus 2.5 percent, for a prime rate of 3.5 percent, the terms of the loan will require the borrower to pay off a 6 percent interest. Floating interest rates typically involve periodic reset dates for the loan, particularly when the index rate changes. Resets may also occur online at market predetermined intervals, with yearly adjustments being a common arrangement.

variable interest rate
type: Concept
broader: interest rate
definition: an interest rate that is allowed to vary over the maturity of a loan or other debt instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: adjustable rate

court of law
type: Concept
definition: person or body of persons having judicial authority to hear and resolve disputes on the basis of statutes or the common law
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A court of law is a formal forum of justice that may have authority over civil, criminal, ecclesiastical, or military cases.

physical addressing scheme
type: Concept
broader: addressing scheme
definition: scheme for specifying physical addresses according to a country specific standard
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

addressing scheme
type: Concept
broader: indexing scheme
definition: system for allocating addresses to objects
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

indexing scheme
type: Concept
broader: scheme
definition: system for indexing values, data, information, or knowledge
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

scheme
type: Concept
definition: structure or means of organizing information such as a blueprint, schema, numbering system, organization structure, measurement system, plan, taxonomy, or language for organizing information
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, redeemable extendable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

bankers' acceptance
type: Concept
broader: bill of exchange
definition: short-term debt instrument that is guaranteed and paid by a bank and used as a relatively safe form of payment for large transactions
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Considered negotiable instruments with features of a time draft, bankers' acceptances are created by the drawer and provide the bearer with the right to the amount noted on the face of the acceptance on the specified date. Unlike traditional checks, bankers' acceptances function based on the creditworthiness of the banking institution instead of the individual or business acting as the drawer. Additionally, the drawer must provide the funds necessary to support the bankers' acceptance, eliminating the risk associated with insufficient funds on the part of the drawer.

bill of exchange
type: Concept
broader: money market instrument
definition: short-term negotiable financial instrument consisting of an order in writing addressed by one person (the seller of goods) to another (the buyer), requiring the latter to pay a fixed amount of money on demand (a sight draft) or on a predetermined date (a time draft)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A bill of exchange is a written agreement between two parties - the buyer and the seller - used primarily in international trade. The buyer or seller typically employs a bank to issue the bill of exchange due to the risks involved with international transactions. Bills of exchange can be transferred by endorsement, much like a check. They can also require the buyer to pay a third party - a bank - in the event that the buyer fails to make good on his agreement with the seller.
synonym: bank draft
synonym: draft

preferred, restricted voting, exchangeable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-participating preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: restricted voting share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security

crypto asset services provider
type: Concept
explanatory note: Services related to crypto assets may include businesses that exchange crypto assets for fiat currencies, or vice versa, that conduct transactions that move crypto assets from one crypto asset address, or account, to another, and/or that provide facilities for the safekeeping, or administration, of crypto assets, or instruments.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CASP
broader: financial service provider
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf
definition: financial services provider that provides services for crypto assets that enable the control of crypto assets, and participate in, or provide, financial services for issuers' offers, or sale, of crypto assets
adapted from: https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/crypto-asset-service-provider-casp

bilateral contract
type: Concept
broader: written contract
broader: bilateral agreement
definition: contract where two parties commit to perform specific actions or obligations towards each other
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

bilateral agreement
type: Concept
broader: agreement
definition: agreement where two parties commit to perform specific actions or obligations towards each other
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: mutual agreement

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: exchangeable preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
broader: restricted voting share
broader: registered security
broader: extendable preferred share

savings loan association
type: Concept
broader: thrift institution
definition: financial institution that accepts deposits primarily from individuals and channels its funds primarily into residential mortgage loans
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes
synonym: savings and loan association

has first notice date
type: Concept
has in domain: settlement terms
definition: specifies the initial date on which a delivery notice can be issued
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

settlement terms
type: Concept
broader: contractual commitment
definition: contract terms that define the commitment to and mechanism for settling one or more sides of a transaction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In general, settlement involves arrangement of disposition of property, typically for legal reasons. With respect to financial transactions, it involves completion of a trade, either between brokers or agents, or between a broker and client. This may include settlement in cash, either for the entire transaction or for the cash leg of a transaction, either now or at some specified time in the future.

recognised market operator
type: Concept
adapted from: https://www.igi-global.com/dictionary/regulating-fintech-businesses/77383
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: exchange that is operated or maintained by an operator registered under certain securities regulations that brings together purchasers and sellers of capital market products
abbreviation: RMO
adapted from: https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/recognized-market
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf
broader: exchange
adapted from: https://www.mas.gov.sg/regulation/capital-markets/approved-exchange-ae-or-recognised-market-operator-rmo-licence
preferred label: recognized market operator

secondary unit designator
type: Concept
definition: classifier for a smaller structure or component within a larger facility, such as an apartment, office, mail stop, or other similar designation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that only certain secondary units require a secondary range, such as an apartment number, to complete a delivery point.

fund position
type: Concept
broader: position
definition: position in some fund, which may be defined in terms of fund units
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

position
type: Concept
broader: holding
definition: investor's stake, i.e., a holding, in a particular asset (such as an individual security)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A position can be long or short, and it can be in any asset class, such as stocks, bonds, futures, or options. A position can be open (current) or closed (past), but in general use, unless a position is specifically referred to as closed, the assumption is that it references an open position.

holding
type: Concept
broader: ownership
definition: real or personal property (assets), including but not limited to financial assets, to which one holds title and of which one has possession
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that a holding may refer to a single asset, such as a piece of real estate, a portfolio of assets, multiple portfolios, and so forth, and is frequently aggregated over multiple assets.

has minimum redemption price
type: Concept
has in domain: equity redemption provision
broader: has price
definition: indicates the lowest market price above which a share may be redeemed
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

for profit corporation
type: Concept
broader: corporation
definition: corporation whose objective is to make money, i.e., to ensure realization of a financial benefit such that the amount of revenue gained from a business activity exceeds the expenses, costs and taxes needed to sustain that activity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

organization address change
type: Concept
note: Address changes may impact securities master data management, including but not limited to where shares are registered and by whom.
broader: notification
definition: information action that provides details of address changes for a legal entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

notification
type: Concept
broader: mandatory corporate action
definition: corporate action involving information provided by the issuer having no accounting/financial impact on the holder
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

mandatory corporate action
type: Concept
broader: corporate action
definition: action initiated by the board of directors of a corporation that affects all shareholders
example: Examples of mandatory corporate actions include cash dividends, stock splits, mergers, pre-refunding, return of capital, bonus issue, asset ID change, and spin-offs.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Mandatory means mandatory participation by all shareholders, however the shareholder is not required to do anything.

region-specific identifier
type: Concept
definition: geographic region or subdivision identifier used internally by a country or other region
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, voting, redeemable extendable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

contract lifecycle
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle
definition: lifecycle of an agreement, including, but not limited to a credit agreement, financial instrument, or other formal contract, from initial stages through retirement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Certain business agreements, such as partnership agreements,may involve planning, drafting/review/revision, execution and management, renewal, and possibly sunsetting phases. Financial contracts, such as loans and other instruments have specific stages and events during the execution and management phase, i.e. from the effective date of the contract through maturity and redemption.

controlled amortization asset-backed security
type: Concept
broader: asset-backed security
definition: asset-backed security based on a pool of bonds securitized using a controlled amortization structure
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.investinginbonds.com/learnmore.asp
explanatory note: Controlled-amortization ABS resemble corporate bonds with a sinking fund. After a predetermined 'revolving' period during which only interest payments are made, these securities attempt to return principal to investors in a series of defined periodic payments that usually occur over less than a year.
explanatory note: Revolving debt (primarily credit card receivables, but also HELOCs, trade receivables, dealer floor-plan loans and some leases) may be securitized using a controlled amortization structure. This is a method of providing investors with a relatively predictable repayment schedule, even though the underlying assets are nonamortizing. A risk inherent in this kind of ABS is an early amortization event.

non-depository trust company - non-member institution
type: Concept
broader: non-depository trust company
definition: non-depository trust company that is not a member of the Federal Reserve system
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

non-depository trust company
type: Concept
broader: trust company
broader: non-depository institution
definition: trust company that accepts and executes trusts, but does not issue currency; non-depository trust companies can either be Federal Reserve Members or Federal Reserve Non-members
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

trust company
type: Concept
broader: financial institution
definition: financial institution that acts as a fiduciary, trustee or agent of trusts and agencies
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A professional trust company may be independently owned or owned by, for example, a bank or a law firm, and which specializes in being a trustee of various kinds of trusts. The trust company oversees the management of assets covered by the trust agreement. Such companies often are used when a grantor feels the trust company can do an equal or better job managing the assets than an individual person, or if the grantor does not know of anyone else who can act as trustee. Trust companies sometimes act as fiscal agents for corporations by attending to the registration and transfer of their stocks and bonds, serving as a trustee for their bond and mortgage creditors, and transacting general banking and loan business.

is licensed by
type: Concept
definition: indicates the party that has issued a particular license to some other party
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: PartyRole

has domestic ultimate parent
type: Concept
broader: has majority controlling party
definition: relates an organization to another recognized as its ultimate parent, within its country or jurisdiction of incorporation, if it has one
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: consensus definition of ultimate parent, with the split between domestic and global parent
editorial note: In the case of companies that are subsidiaries of another company that itself has a parent, this identifies the organization at the top of the hierarchy of organizations in the country of registration. Adapted from consensus definition of Ultimate Parent, now that this is split into national and global parent.
has in range: domestic ultimate parent

has majority controlling party
type: Concept
has in domain: LegalEntity
broader: is controlled party of
definition: indicates a party that owns a controlling stake (over 50 percent) in the entity
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: majority controlling party

is controlled party of
type: Concept
definition: indicates a controlling party that has some amount of authority or influence over it
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlling party

domestic ultimate parent
type: Concept
broader: total controlling interest party
definition: party that is recognized as the ultimate parent of a given organization within the country or jurisdiction of incorporation or organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

total controlling interest party
type: Concept
broader: significant shareholder
broader: total owner
definition: voting shareholder that owns 100 percent of the voting shares in some legal entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: By virtue of holding 100 percent of the share ownership, the total controlling interest company also holds 100 percent of the controlling equity, if there is a difference. Therefore, it is both a total owner and a total controlling party.
synonym: parent company

significant shareholder
type: Concept
broader: voting shareholder
definition: party that owns a significant voting stake in an organization that is less than 50 percent but greater than some threshold
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that the concept of significance varies depending on the jurisdiction, and particularly with respect to reporting requirements. For example, in some cases, three (3) percent ownership of any class or series of shares is considered significant, and in others it means more than five or ten percent of the total combined voting power across all classes of securities.

voting shareholder
type: Concept
broader: de jure controlling interest party
broader: shareholder
definition: shareholder whose shares confer the right to vote in corporate elections, including the right to elect directors at annual or special meetings, and to express their views to corporate management and directors on significant issues that may affect the value of those shares
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A voting shareholder may exercise control over board composition by (1) attending a shareholder meeting and voting directly, (2) assigning a proxy to vote on their behalf, either as specified in the recommendations made in the proxy card or as indicated in a manner that deviates from those recommendations but is detailed on the proxy card, (3) by rejection of the proxy, either implicitly or explicitly, or (4) through a direct ballot that they create themselves.

shareholder
type: Concept
broader: counterparty
broader: constitutional owner
definition: party that owns shares in and has rights and responsibilities with respect to some asset, provided in exchange for investment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The shares represent an ownership interest in a corporation, mutual fund, or partnership, or a unit of ownership in a structured product, such as a real estate investment trust.
synonym: stockholder

counterparty
type: Concept
broader: contract party
definition: party to a contract with whom one negotiates on a given agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The counterparty is usually the party 'on the other side' of a contract from the perspective of the issuer or holder. The term 'counterparty' can refer to any party to an agreement, depending on context.

total owner
type: Concept
broader: constitutional owner
definition: party that has 100 percent ownership some legal entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
editorial note: By virtue of holding 100 percent of the equity ownership, the Total Owner also holds 100 percent of the controlling equity, if there is a difference. Therefore it is both a total owner and a total controlling party.

is input to
type: Concept
definition: indicates a precondition, requirement, or other contribution (e.g., data) to some activity, process, system, report, analysis, etc.
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

uses currency in averaging
type: Concept
broader: has currency
definition: indicates the currency used in averaging calculation
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: currency

has currency
type: Concept
definition: specifies the medium of exchange value in which something, such as a monetary amount is denominated
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: currency

currency
type: Concept
definition: medium of exchange value, defined by reference to the geographical location of the monetary authorities responsible for it
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition origin: Codes for the representation of currencies and funds, ISO 4217, Eighth edition, 2015-08-01, section 3.2
synonym: monetary unit
synonym: currency unit

owes
type: Concept
has in domain: debtor
definition: links a party to a debt that they owe
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: debt

debtor
type: Concept
broader: obligor
definition: a party that owes a debt or other obligation to another party
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

obligor
type: Concept
definition: party that is bound legally or by agreement to repay a debt, make a payment, do something, or refrain from doing something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: obligator
synonym: obligated party

debt
type: Concept
broader: commitment
definition: obligation to pay something, such as an amount of money, good, service, or instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In cases where the debtor and payer are the same legal person, then a debt is equivalent to a payment obligation.

commitment
type: Concept
definition: promise made by some party to act or refrain from acting in some manner
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Such a promise often results a corresponding right or obligation with respect to another party to the commitment. Thus, obligations and rights are considered as reciprocal aspects of a commitment.

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: participating preferred share
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: enhanced voting share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
broader: cumulative preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: enhanced voting share

has date establishment terminated
type: Concept
broader: has termination date
broader: has expiration date
definition: last full day that the entity existed
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/nicpubweb/Content/DataDownload/NPW%20Data%20Dictionary.pdf
has in range: ExplicitDate

has termination date
type: Concept
definition: links something, typically an agreement, contract, document, or process, with a date on which it is scheduled to be or was terminated
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Date

has expiration date
type: Concept
definition: links something, typically an agreement, contract, document, or perishable item, with an expiration date
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Date

freight resource
type: Concept
broader: negotiable commodity
definition: negotiable commodity that is a freight index route
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10

insurance-backed guaranty
type: Concept
broader: guaranty
definition: guaranty that is realized as an insurance policy
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

guaranty
type: Concept
broader: commitment
definition: commitment whereby something is formally assured if a party with primary liability fails to perform
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Business and Economics Terms, Fifth Edition, 2012
explanatory note: The commitment may cover a debt, cash flows on a debt instrument (such as interest payments), or performance of some obligation.

original issue discount bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
definition: interest-bearing bond issued at a deep discount to face value
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: An original issue discount (OID) is the discount in price from a bond's face value at the time a bond or other debt instrument is first issued. The OID is the amount of discount or the difference between the original face value and the price paid for the bond.
explanatory note: The principal amount accretes over time at a constant accrual rate and is redeemed at full face value at maturity.
synonym: OID bond

equity return leg
type: Concept
broader: return leg
definition: return leg whose income is based on equities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

mortgage company
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider
definition: financial service provider that originates and/or funds mortgages for residential or commercial property
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

security underwriting arrangement
type: Concept
broader: underwriting arrangement
definition: underwriting agreement between an organization (typically an investment bank) and a securities issuer that commits the underwriter to assuming risk involved in buying a new issue of securities and reselling it to the public
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Business and Economics Terms, Fifth Edition, 2012
explanatory note: Sales may be made either directly or through third-party dealers.

underwriting arrangement
type: Concept
broader: written contract
definition: written contract between parties that commits the underwriter to assuming risk
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

exchange participant
type: Concept
broader: registered agent
definition: registered agent who, in accordance with the rules of an exchange, may trade on or through the exchange and whose name is entered in a list, register or roll kept by the exchange as an agent who may trade on or through the exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

registered agent
type: Concept
synonym: statutory agent
definition: legal agent designated by some party to represent them and act on their behalf under a formal agency agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: legal agent
broader: contract party
synonym: resident agent
explanatory note: Agency capacity, as specified in an agency agreement, may include power of attorney, the ability to act as an agent in certain kinds of transactions such as real estate, tax, audit or other financial or legal transactions, as a fiduciary, including as a trustee or legal guardian, for service of process, and so forth.

post office box designator
type: Concept
broader: supplemental address designator
definition: designator used, together with an identifier, for a post office box
example: In the U.S., the preferred designator is 'PO BOX'.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

supplemental address designator
type: Concept
definition: classifier for supplemental address information, such as a highway contract route, rural route, building complex, shopping center, condominium complex, mail box, or other similar designation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

common, voting, restricted, nil paid, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
definition: common share that confers exactly one vote per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is nil paid and is registered
broader: nil paid share
broader: restricted share
broader: common share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

put event
type: Concept
broader: redemption event
definition: an event associated with the put schedule for a debt instrument, i.e., an event involving the 'put', or surrender of the instrument by the holder
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

redemption event
type: Concept
broader: prescriptive event
definition: a prescriptive event involving the return of an investor's principal in a fixed-income security, such as a preferred stock or bond, or the sale of units in a mutual fund
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

prescriptive event
type: Concept
broader: occurrence kind
definition: event related to the imposition or enforcement of a rule, method, formula, etc.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

student loan pool
type: Concept
broader: debt pool
definition: debt pool consisting of student loans
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

debt pool
type: Concept
broader: instrument pool
definition: pool consisting of debt instruments, such as bonds, loans or mortgages
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

instrument pool
type: Concept
broader: pool
definition: pool consisting of financial instruments that may be included in the same investment vehicle
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

delivery obligation
type: Concept
broader: legal obligation
broader: contingent obligation
definition: obligation to deliver something in order to satisfy a claim or debt
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A delivery obligation is the responsibility of one party to deliver goods, services, instruments, money, or other specified items to another party, typically as outlined in an agreement. Failure to do so may result in breach of contract if the obligation is specified as such, which may have further legal ramifications.

contingent obligation
type: Concept
broader: duty
definition: obligation that depends on a future event or the performance of an action
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

common convertible share subscription right
type: Concept
broader: subscription right
definition: subscription right entitling existing common convertible shareholders to subscribe to new securities at a price normally lower than the prevailing market price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

subscription right
type: Concept
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
broader: entitlement
synonym: preemptive right
synonym: anti-dilution right
definition: privileges allotted to existing security holders, entitling them to subscribe to new securities at a price normally lower than the prevailing market price
explanatory note: A subscription rights issue increases the number of shares in the market, thus leading to a dilution in each share's value.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: subscription privilege

causes
type: Concept
definition: relationship between an event or set of events or factors (the cause) and a second event, phenomenon, situation, or result (the effect), where the second event or outcome is understood as a consequence of the first
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

funds
type: Concept
broader: currency
definition: artificial currency used as calculation basis for another currency(s) and accounting purposes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition origin: Codes for the representation of currencies and funds, ISO 4217, Eighth edition, 2015-08-01, section 3.3

promissory note
type: Concept
broader: debt instrument
definition: debt instrument that is a written promise by one party to another that commits that party to pay a specified sum on demand or within a specified time frame under specified terms
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Promissory notes are generally fully fungible. They may or may not be negotiable.

is sub-fund of
type: Concept
has in domain: pooled fund
definition: relates a pooled fund to a parent fund
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: pooled fund

tranche
type: Concept
broader: structured finance instrument
definition: segment of a pool of securities, typically debt instruments
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A tranche is one of a number of related securities in the same offering that represents a partition of a debt pool whose cash flow is derived from the combined cash flows of the instruments in that partition.

dividend swap
type: Concept
broader: equity swap
definition: equity swap that has at least one leg whose underlier is a dividend stream
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15
explanatory note: Dividend swaps include those that are fixed-term contracts between two parties where one party makes an interest rate payment for each interval and the other party pays the total dividends received as pay-out by a selected underlying asset.

is output from
type: Concept
definition: indicates post condition or other product of some activity, process, system, report, analysis, etc.
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

preferred, voting, redeemable extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: participating preferred share
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: single voting share
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend

drawer
type: Concept
broader: obligee
definition: party that requires a drawee to pay either a third party or themselves with respect to a bill of exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

obligee
type: Concept
definition: party to whom some commitment or obligation is owed, either legally or per the terms of an agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

paper resource
type: Concept
broader: negotiable commodity
definition: negotiable commodity that is a paper product, including containerboard, newsprint, pulp, recovered paper
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10

preferred, voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: extendable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend

financial exposure
type: Concept
broader: exposure
definition: the extent to which an individual or organization is open to risk of suffering a loss in a transaction, or with respect to some investment or set of investments, e.g., some holding; the amount one stands to lose in that transaction or investment
example: Examples in banking include the total amount of unsecured loans, the amount of loans advanced to a single borrower, group, industry, or country, and the probability of loss from devaluation, revaluation, or foreign exchange fluctuations.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

exposure
type: Concept
definition: the extent to which an individual or organization is unprotected and open to damage, danger, risk of suffering a loss, or uncertainty
example: Examples include financial exposure, credit exposure, legal exposure, credit rating exposure, reputational exposure, and so forth.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

non-guarantor debt basket
type: Concept
broader: basket of debt instruments
definition: basket of debt instruments that include a provision allowing certain subsidiaries within a corporate group, which are not part of the loan guarantee, to incur a specified amount of indebtedness
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In U.S. law, a non-guarantor debt basket is a shared basket in an amount not to exceed the greater of $150,000,000 and 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period at any time outstanding that may be used for (A) the incurrence of certain Indebtedness by Restricted Subsidiaries that are not Loan Parties under Sections 6.01(a)(xii), 6.01(a)(xix) and 6.01(a)(xx) and (B) Secured Cash Management Obligations of any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party.
explanatory note: A non-guarantor debt basket is often also permitted to be secured by assets of a subsidiary other than the issuer/borrower or guarantors.

preferred, non-voting, extendable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: participating preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: non-voting share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: extendable preferred share

preferred, voting, extendable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: single voting share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: participating preferred share
broader: registered security

common, non-voting, unrestricted, nil paid, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: non-voting share
broader: nil paid share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: common share
definition: common share that confers exactly 0 votes per share, is unrestricted from a sales perspective, is nil paid and is registered
broader: unrestricted share

mortgage
type: Concept
broader: security agreement
definition: grant of financial interest in real property to a party that is not an owner of that real property and is recorded by a registration authority
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A mortgage prevents transfer of the ownership of the real property unless the financial interest is satisfied. Any loan can be collateralized by a mortgage, including, for example, a bail bond.

security agreement
type: Concept
broader: collateral agreement
definition: collateral agreement that grants a financial interest in some collateral to a party that is not an owner of that collateral, specifying terms including relative duties and rights, over and above those specified in the primary contract, regarding the disposition of the asset used as collateral
example: Examples include deeds of trust and uniform commercial code (UCC) agreements.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 20022

collateral agreement
type: Concept
broader: written contract
definition: written contract related to another contract designed to provide clarity and additional protection for all parties involved, that is separate from the primary contract and that can be independently enforced
example: Examples may be related to leases, to clarify responsibilities with respect to maintance and repair, to partnerships, clarifying how disputes should be resolved, loan agreements such as deeds of trust, covering the conditions under which the collateral would be forfeited, and uniform commercial code (UCC) agreements.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In cases where there are discrepancies between the collateral agreement and primary contract, the primary contract, which may be a master agreement, for example, takes precedence.

basket of commodities
type: Concept
broader: weighted basket
definition: custom basket whose constituents consist of one or more negotiable commodities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10
explanatory note: A commodity basket may contain constituents from one of the potential underlying assets or from multiple underlying assets.

institutional investor
type: Concept
broader: investor
definition: investor that pools money to purchase securities, real property, and other investment assets or originates loans
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Institutional investors typically buy, sell, and manage stocks, bonds, and other investment securities on behalf of its clients, customers, members, or shareholders. These include endowment funds, commercial banks, mutual funds, hedge funds, pension funds, and insurance companies. Institutional investors are able to invest in riskier securities and ventures than average investors because they are more sophisticated with respect to their investment methodologies.

investor
type: Concept
broader: contract party
broader: entity owner
definition: party that owns some stake in some organization by way of investment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
editorial note: This is regardless of whether or not the investor is also a constitutional owner (e.g. shareholder) in the entity.

urban consumers universe
type: Concept
broader: civilian non-institutional population
definition: a statistical universe for consumer expenditure surveys consisting of people within a household that make joint expenditure decisions
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, http://www.bls.gov/cpi/
explanatory note: In the United States, the CPI-U population, which covers about 88 percent of the U.S. population, covers households in all areas of the United States except people living in rural nonmetropolitan areas, in farm households, on military installations, in religious communities, and in institutions such as prisons and mental hospitals.

has minuend
type: Concept
has in domain: difference
definition: specifies the quantity value from which something is subtracted; the value that is diminished
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

cardholder
type: Concept
broader: customer account holder
definition: account holder to whom a payment card is issued
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/pci_security/glossary

customer account holder
type: Concept
broader: account holder
definition: party that owns a customer account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

account holder
type: Concept
broader: owner
definition: party that owns an account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: An account holder is named on the account and is authorized to conduct transactions associated with the account. Authorization is typically evidenced by signatures maintained on file by the account provider.
explanatory note: Note that this concept of account holder applies to internal accounts that are non-general ledger accounts also have account holders, such as payroll accounts, internal checking accounts associated with cashier's checks, and so forth.

internal rate of return
type: Concept
broader: rate of return
definition: discount rate that results in a net present value (NPV) of zero for a series of future cash flows
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This concept is central to many definitions of debt instrument analytics, and is the inverse of net present value.

rate of return
type: Concept
definition: net gain or loss on an investment over a specified time period, expressed as a percentage of the investment's initial cost or value as of a specific point in time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: RoR

unique swap identifier
type: Concept
broader: financial instrument identifier
definition: identifier for a swap that is used in recordkeeping and swap data reporting
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: USI
adapted from: CFTC Data Management Branch 'Unique Swap Identifier (USI) Data Standard', October 1, 2012, usidatastandards100112.pdf

farm credit system institution
type: Concept
broader: domestic entity
broader: financial institution
definition: federally-chartered financial institution that is supervised, examined, and regulated by the Farm Credit Administration and operates in accordance with the Farm Credit Act of 1971, as amended, 12 U.S.C. 2001 et seq
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes
explanatory note: All Farm Credit System institutions are federally-chartered instrumentalities of the United States.

chief financial officer
type: Concept
broader: corporate officer
definition: senior-most corporate officer responsible for financial control and planning for an organization or project
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CFO
explanatory note: He or she is in charge of all accounting functions including (1) credit control, (2) preparing budgets and financial statements, (3) coordinating financing and fund raising, (4) monitoring expenditure and liquidity, (5) managing investment and taxation issues, (6) reporting financial performance to the board, and (7) providing timely financial data to the CEO. Also called chief finance officer, comptroller, controller, or finance controller.

annualized standard deviation
type: Concept
broader: standard deviation
definition: standard deviation for some measure over a specific reference period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Standard deviation applied to the annual rate of return of an investment provides insights on the historical volatility of that investment. The greater the standard deviation of the price of a security, the greater the volatility. Multiplying monthly standard deviation by the square root of twelve (12) is an industry standard method of approximating annualized standard deviations of monthly returns.

standard deviation
type: Concept
definition: square root of variance that measures the spread or dispersion around the mean of a data set
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
symbol: σ
explanatory note: The most widely used measure of dispersion of a frequency distribution introduced by K. Pearson (1893). It is equal to the positive square root of the variance. The standard deviation should not be confused with the root mean square deviation.
adapted from: https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp
broader: dispersion
explanatory note: While standard deviation is the most widely-used measure of spread, using squared deviations, it may not be the most robust.
adapted from: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/edu/power-pouvoir/glossary-glossaire/5214842-eng.htm#s
abbreviation: SD

priority issue
type: Concept
broader: voluntary corporate action
definition: corporate action that is a public offer where, due to a limited amount of securities available, priority is given to existing shareholders
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

foreign entity other
type: Concept
broader: financial institution
definition: foreign institution that engages in banking activities usually in connection with the business of banking in the countries where such foreign institutions are organized or operating
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

preferred, non-voting, exchangeable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-voting share
broader: participating preferred share
broader: registered security

has trade date
type: Concept
definition: indicates the date on which a security or other instrument-specific trade actually takes place
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Date

insured federal branch of foreign banking organization
type: Concept
broader: federal branch of foreign banking organization
definition: any office or any place of business of a foreign bank located in any State of the United States at which deposits are received established and operating under section 4 of the International Banking Act of 1978 that is insured and regulated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-275/pdf/COMPS-275.pdf
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

federal branch of foreign banking organization
type: Concept
definition: branch of a foreign bank established and operating under section 3102 of CFR Title 12, Chapter 32 and section 4 of the International Banking Act of 1978
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2021-title12/pdf/USCODE-2021-title12-chap32-sec3101.pdf
adapted from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-275/pdf/COMPS-275.pdf
adapted from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21
broader: domestic branch of a foreign bank
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

domestic branch of a foreign bank
type: Concept
broader: office of a foreign bank
broader: branch of a depository institution
definition: place of business of a foreign bank, located in any state, at which deposits are received, and that is not an agency as defined in https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

office of a foreign bank
type: Concept
definition: facility that is any branch, agency, representative office, or commercial lending company subsidiary of a foreign bank in the United States
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21

branch of a depository institution
type: Concept
broader: branch
definition: any office or any place of business located in any State of the United States at which deposits are received
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21

branch
type: Concept
definition: part of a larger organization that might not be co-located with it
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is director of
type: Concept
has in domain: board member
broader: is party controlling
definition: indicates the organization that the board member oversees
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlled party

is party controlling
type: Concept
has in domain: controlling party
definition: indicates something controlled that a controlling party has some amount of authority or influence over
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlled thing

has generating entity identifier
type: Concept
has in domain: unique transaction identifier
definition: specifies an identifier for the entity that generated a unique transaction identifier
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Note that the range of is identified by must be that entity's LEI in the context of a UTI.

unique transaction identifier
type: Concept
adapted from: ISO 23897:2020, Financial services - Unique transaction identifier (UTI)
definition: sequence of characters identifying a financial transaction uniquely whenever useful and agreed by the parties or community involved in the transaction
explanatory note: In particular, a UTI will help to ensure the consistent aggregation of OTC derivatives and other securities transactions by minimising the likelihood that the same transaction will be counted more than once (for instance, because it is reported by more than one counterparty to a transaction, or to more than one trade repository (TR)).
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: trade identifier
abbreviation: UTI
adapted from: Harmonization of the Unique Transaction Identifier - Technical Guidance, 20 Feb 2017, described in https://www.bis.org/cpmi/publ/d158.pdf

trade identifier
type: Concept
note: Note that a given trade may consist of multiple transactions, and thus there may be multiple identifiers for such transactions associated with a specific trade.
definition: sequence of characters identifying a trade within some context
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

merger / acquisition
type: Concept
broader: mandatory corporate action
definition: corporate action involving the consolidation of legal entities or assets
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Such consolidation may be accomplished via financial transactions such as mergers, acquisitions, consolidations, tender offers, purchase of assets, and management acquisitions.

has original notional value
type: Concept
has in domain: credit index
broader: has notional amount
definition: indicates the notional amount represented by the index when it is first constituted
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

credit index
type: Concept
broader: reference index
definition: reference index that is a function of credit events that change the value of an underlying portfolio
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Such an index does not necessarily reference a static portfolio, as there may be provisions for replacing defaulted securities on which the index depends.

derivatives clearing organization
type: Concept
broader: clearing house
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: clearing house that enables parties to substitute the credit of the DCO for the credit of the parties
abbreviation: DCO
explanatory note: For options, the derivatives clearing organization is responsible for clearing transactions for put and call options on common stocks and other equity issues, stock indexes, foreign currencies, interest rate composites and single-stock futures.
explanatory note: Substitution may be done through contract novation, for example. A derivatives clearing organization (DCO) also arranges or provides, on a multilateral basis, for the settlement or netting of obligations, or otherwise provides clearing services or arrangements that mutualize or transfer credit risk among participants.
adapted from: http://www.cftc.gov/IndustryOversight/ClearingOrganizations/index.htm

clearing house
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider
definition: financial service provider that is exchange affiliated and provides clearing services, including the validation, delivery, and settlement of financial transactions, for financial intermediaries
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014

savings loan holding company
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider
broader: holding company
definition: company that directly or indirectly controls a savings association or related holding company, and explicitly excludes any company that is also a bank holding company
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes
synonym: savings and loan holding company

holding company
type: Concept
broader: functional business entity
definition: business entity established to own stock in another company, typically to own enough voting shares to have some level of control over that company's policies and management
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Holding companies protect their owners from losses to some degree, protecting assets, for example, in case of bankruptcy. They can also be set up to own property such as real estate, patents, trademarks, stocks and other assets to limit financial and legal liability

gas commodity
type: Concept
broader: extraction resource
broader: energy resource
definition: extraction resource that is natural gas
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

extraction resource
type: Concept
broader: negotiable commodity
definition: negotiable commodity that is a mineral resource obtained via withdrawal from the natural environment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10
explanatory note: These resources include ores, which contain commercially valuable amounts of metals, such as iron and aluminum, as well as precious metals, such as silver, gold, and platinum; precious stones, such as diamonds; building stones, such as granite; and solid fuels, such as coal and oil shale.

energy resource
type: Concept
broader: negotiable commodity
definition: negotiable commodity that is an energy-related product, or a derivative of an energy-related product, including electricity, renewable energy, or any power/energy delivered through a utility network of provider; diesel fuel, fuel oil, gas oil, gasoline, heating oil, jet fuel, kerosene, natural gas, oil (Brent, Tapis, Dubai, WTI)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: Note that the concept of an energy resource overlaps with generated resource and extraction resource but is not identical to either.
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10

employs
type: Concept
has in domain: LegalPerson
definition: indicates someone that is employed by the legal person
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: person

basket certificate
type: Concept
broader: participation certificate
definition: certificate whose underlying asset represents a fraction of a basket of securities that corresponds to the subscription ratio
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The issuer determines the basket's compilation before quoting the certificate. Fundamentally, all securities with regular, at least daily, price determinations are suited for the portfolio. The selection criteria for the shares or securities in the basket are known and remain unchanged during the life of the certificate. Note, however, that the composition of the share basket can change over time. If the issuer follows a specific strategy with the certificate, the basket has to be adjusted at specific end-of-period dates, provided the market leaders change. In such a case, the basket is called an active basket. If, in contrast, the composition of a share basket remains clearly defined, as is the case for an index certificate, it is called a passive basket.
explanatory note: The success of a basket certificate is measured on whether it can outperform a comparison index or fund, a so-called benchmark. Basket certificates can be roughly divided into three categories based on the criteria for selecting securities: Sector certificates; country or region certificates; and strategy and thematic certificates.
explanatory note: Basket certificates make sense if an investor is convinced of the potential in a particular sector or region, but shies away from the risk of investing in individual securities. Because the certificate is expected to achieve higher profits than the benchmark index, the share basket usually contains fewer titles than the benchmark index. That increases the potential for profits; but the risk of loss increases compared to the index. Unlike shares, basket certificates are not eligible for dividend payouts. The limited maturity should also be taken into account.

date returned by trading date rule
type: Concept
broader: calculated date
definition: calculated date that is determined via a trading rule
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

calculated date
type: Concept
definition: date that is or will be determined based on some formula
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The hasDateValue property of a CalculatedDate is not set until the Date is calculated. Since the calculation may depend upon future events that may or may not ever happen, the hasDateValue property may never be set.

has place of birth
type: Concept
has in domain: person
definition: identifies the location where an individual was born
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: place of birth

place of birth
type: Concept
definition: physical location, including country, region, and municipality where an individual was born
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: birth place

preferred, non-voting, extendable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

reports on
type: Concept
has in domain: report
definition: indicates a subject matter, observation(s), assessment(s), focus or other topic of a report
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

report
type: Concept
definition: document that provides a structured description of something, prepared on ad hoc, periodic, recurring, regular, or as required basis
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Reports may refer to specific periods, events, occurrences, or subjects, and may be communicated or presented in oral, electronic, or written form.

preferred, voting, redeemable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

Credit Institution Register entry
type: Concept
definition: entry in the Credit Institution Register, a repository of credit institutions collected by the European Banking Authority (EBA) as provided by the various national banking authorities for those institutions that qualify
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.eba.europa.eu/risk-analysis-and-data/credit-institutions-register

offeror
type: Concept
definition: party that proposes to make something available to someone (i.e., an offeree) based on the terms of the offering
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

soft retractable preferred share
type: Concept
broader: retractable preferred share
definition: retractable preferred share whose retraction value may be paid in cash or in an equal value of common stock of the issuer, at the option of the issuer
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

retractable preferred share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share
definition: preferred share that gives the owner (shareholder) the right to redeem the stock under specified conditions
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: When retractable preferred shares reach maturity, the shareholder has the right to sell them back to the stock issuer at the price stated on the agreement. In some cases, the issuer can force the shareholder to sell, and may have the option of exchanging retractable preferred shares for common shares instead of cash.

preferred, non-voting, redeemable exchangeable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

rating agency
type: Concept
broader: rating issuer
broader: rating scale publisher
definition: rating issuer that is also a rating scale publisher, frequently but not always an independent rating service
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

rating issuer
type: Concept
definition: party that is responsible for issuing ratings
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A rating issuer is frequently, but not always the rating scale publisher. A rating issuer may delegate responsibility for producing a rating to a rating party.

rating scale publisher
type: Concept
definition: party responsible for managing one or more rating schemes and potentially publishing ratings based on those schemes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Rating scale publishers are frequently also rating agencies.

overseas military address
type: Concept
broader: physical address
definition: delivery address whose delivery address line uses an abbreviation for the unit or command such as 'CMR', 'PSC', or 'UNIT', or 'HC', followed by the unit identifier, followed by 'BOX' followed by box number, in place of a street address, either 'APO' or 'FPO' as the literal value for the city and the appropriate armed forces subdivision code in place of a subdivision (state) code
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

explicit contract event schedule
type: Concept
broader: ad hoc schedule
definition: schedule of events, including but not limited to payment events, rate reset events and others that will occur over the lifetime of the credit agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This is a schedule of actual dates and events that are terms of the contract.

ad hoc schedule
type: Concept
usage note: Other ontologies can extend AdHocSchedule and/or AdHocScheduleEntry as needed to relate the date to something. In particular, the Occurrences ontology extends AdHocScheduleEntry to associate an OccurrenceKind with each entry. The intended meaning is that an Occurrence of the OccurrenceKind happens on the corresponding Date.
broader: schedule
definition: schedule consisting of some number of individual events that are not necessarily recurring
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

municipal debt funds usage
type: Concept
definition: official statement specifying how the funds raised via a new issue of municipal securities are to be applied
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

money market future
type: Concept
broader: debt instrument future
definition: futures contract with a money market instrument as the underlying asset
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

debt instrument future
type: Concept
broader: financial future
broader: debt instrument derivative
definition: futures contract whose underlying asset is at least one debt instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

debt instrument derivative
type: Concept
broader: security-based derivative
definition: security-based derivative whose underlier is a debt observable
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

ultimate ownership
type: Concept
broader: entity ownership
definition: highest-level (top, end) ancestral ownership, evidenced by accounting consolidation, by some party of some other legal entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable exchangeable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

evaluates
type: Concept
definition: assesses the nature, quality, or ability of someone or something
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

margin
type: Concept
definition: a variable that is added to a specified index rate to determine the fully indexed interest rate charged to a borrower on a credit balance
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: spread

tribal government
type: Concept
broader: government
definition: government representing a group of indigenous people that has legal authority to govern those people, including authority to legislate the existence of tribal entities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

government
type: Concept
broader: functional entity
definition: system by which a state or community is controlled
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In the Commonwealth of Nations, the word government is also used more narrowly to refer to the collective group of people that exercises executive authority in a state. This usage is analogous to what is called an 'administration' in American English. Furthermore, especially in American English, the concepts of the state and the government may be used synonymously to refer to the person or group of people exercising authority over a politically organized territory.

has exercise terms
type: Concept
has in domain: derivative instrument
broader: has contractual element
definition: links a derivative, such as an option or entitlement, to any exercise terms that are specified therein
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: exercise terms

exercise terms
type: Concept
broader: contractual commitment
definition: contract terms specific to the conditions, conventions and other stipulations related to the exercise of an option or entitlement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

borrower identifier
type: Concept
broader: party role identifier
definition: sequence of characters, capable of uniquely identifying a borrower
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A given identifier identifies a particular borrower with respect to at least some number of notes/facilities inside a particular institution according to some policy for minting identifiers. Optimally, there would be a single identifier for a given borrower, but due to operational issues, this is often not the case. A CIF number, or Customer Information File number, is used to link accounts across an institution to all notes/facilities owed by a given borrower.

consent solicitation
type: Concept
broader: voluntary corporate action
definition: corporate action that is a procedure that aims to obtain consent of holder to a proposal by the issuer or a third party without convening a meeting
example: For example, consent to change the terms of a bond.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

sustainability key performance indicator identifier
type: Concept
definition: sequence of characters uniquely identifying a specific sustainability-related key performance indicator
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

domestic branch of domestic bank
type: Concept
broader: branch of a depository institution
definition: branch that resides in the United States, and whose parent is also located in the United States
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

has custom notional amount
type: Concept
broader: has notional amount
definition: indicates that the notional amount is customized per a notional step schedule
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10, clause 6.8.2
has in range: monetary amount

representation
type: Concept
broader: contractual commitment
definition: contractual element that is a statement made by a party to the contract, before or at the time of making the contract, in regard to some fact, circumstance, or state of affairs pertinent to the contract, which the counterparty(ies) rely on, or is influential in bringing about the contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A party may later claim misrepresentation if a false representation has been made. They may be entitled to rescind the contract, which means that the contract would be set aside and the receiving party may also be entitled to damages to put them back into the position they would have been had the contract never been entered into.

has request date
type: Concept
definition: date on which a request was made
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

unilateral contract
type: Concept
broader: written contract
definition: contract in which one party makes an offer that can only be accepted through performance rather than a return promise
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In a unilateral, or one-sided, contract, one party, known as the offeror, makes a promise in exchange for an act (or abstention from acting) by another party, known as the offeree. If the offeree acts on the offeror's promise, the offeror is legally obligated to fulfill the contract, but an offeree cannot be forced to act (or not act), because no return promise has been made to the offeror. After an offeree has performed, only one enforceable promise exists, that of the offeror.

debt offering
type: Concept
broader: securities offering
definition: an offering of one or more debt instruments for sale
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

common, enhanced voting, unrestricted, partly paid, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: unrestricted share
broader: registered security
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: common share
definition: common share that confers multiple votes per share, is not restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is partially paid and is registered
broader: partially paid share

institutional person
type: Concept
broader: person
definition: person that resides in an institution for some reason, due, for example, to hospitalization, rehabilitation, or incarceration
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=6358041

accounting transaction
type: Concept
broader: transaction event
definition: event recognized by an entry in the records of an account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

transaction event
type: Concept
broader: occurrence kind
definition: any sale, assignment, lease, license, loan, advance, contribution, or other transfer of any interest in or right to use any property (tangible or intangible) or money, however that transaction is effected, and regardless of whether the terms of the transaction are formally documented
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

domestic entity other
type: Concept
broader: domestic entity
definition: domestic institution that engages in banking activities usually in connection with the business of banking in the United States
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: DEO
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes
explanatory note: This classification is used primarily to cover organizations acting as financial institutions in the US that are not otherwise classified in the context of the National Information Center (NIC).

highway contract route
type: Concept
broader: supplemental address component
definition: highway contract route associated with an address
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

supplemental address component
type: Concept
broader: address component
definition: address component that provides additional information that is important to ensuring proper delivery of communications
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Supplemental components include post office box information, rural route and highway contract route information, private mailboxes, and so forth, that are not part of a conventional street address.

address component
type: Concept
definition: aspect of an address
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

discouraged worker population
type: Concept
broader: marginally attached population
definition: subset of the marginally attached population that have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.bls.gov/news.release/empsit.t15.htm

marginally attached population
type: Concept
broader: population not in the labor force
definition: subset of the population that includes people who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.bls.gov/news.release/empsit.t15.htm

population not in the labor force
type: Concept
broader: civilian non-institutional population
definition: subset of the civilian, noninstitutional population, that is considered neither employed nor unemployed by the reporting agency during the reporting period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=6358041
explanatory note: There are a number of distinctions with respect to how individuals are counted from country to country, including whether or not they are considered employed if they are on unpaid leave for some reason, and whether or not they are counted multiple times if they have more than one paying job.

hard retractable preferred share
type: Concept
broader: retractable preferred share
definition: retractable preferred share whose retraction value must be paid in cash
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has relative comparative date
type: Concept
definition: specifies a date against which the value of a scoped measure is compared (e.g., one month prior, three months prior, etc., and typically against a prior release or average over prior releases)
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: relative date

relative date
type: Concept
broader: calculated date
definition: calculated date that is some duration before or after another date
example: A settlement date, defined as T+3: three days after the trade date. The 'hasRelativeDuration' property is set to '3D'.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: When the 'hasRelativeDuration' property is negative, the RelativeDate is before the 'isRelativeTo' Date; otherwise the RelativeDate is after the 'isRelativeTo' Date.

is an instrument of
type: Concept
has in domain: instrumentality
definition: relates an instrumentality of some government to the government that it supports
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: government

instrumentality
type: Concept
broader: government body
definition: organization that serves a public purpose and is closely tied to a government, but is not a government agency
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: An instrumentality is a non-governmental agency that acts independently but whose obligations are backed by a government because of its role in providing a public service. Many instrumentalities are private companies, and some are chartered directly by government. Instrumentalities are subject to a unique set of laws that shape their activities. Certain organizations, such as Sallie Mae in the United States, may be considered instrumentalities from some perspectives but not others. Sallie Mae's status was changed in 2004, when it was privatized, and since that time it is no longer considered a government-sponsored enterprise (GSE).

common interest development corporation
type: Concept
broader: not-for-profit corporation
definition: not-for-profit corporation set up under specific state legislation as a business entity for homeowners' associations
example: http://www.dre.ca.gov/files/pdf/re39.pdf
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A common interest development is typically a type of housing, composed of individually owned units, such as condominiums, townhouses, or single-family homes, that share ownership of common areas, such as swimming pools, landscaping, and parking. Common interest developments (also known as community interest developments or CIDs) are managed by homeowners' associations.

not-for-profit corporation
type: Concept
broader: not for profit organization
broader: corporation
definition: corporation approved by its jurisdictional oversight and tax authorities as operating for educational, charitable, social, religious, civic or humanitarian purposes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A not-for-profit corporation is formed by incorporators, and has a board of directors and officers, but no shareholders. These incorporators, directors and officers may not receive a distribution of (any money from) profits, but officers and management may be paid reasonable salaries for services to the corporation.
synonym: non-profit corporation

fund manager
type: Concept
definition: role of the party responsible for making investment decisions and managing the portfolio of an investment fund
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A fund manager is an individual or entity that oversees the investment strategy and asset allocation of a fund, with the objective of achieving financial returns in accordance with the fund's mandate. The fund manager may operate under regulatory oversight and fiduciary obligations, and may be supported by analysts, traders, and compliance officers.
explanatory note: A fund manager, often a mutual fund company, a brokerage firm, an investment adviser, or an insurance company, handles all of the transactions and investments within the plan.
synonym: program manager
synonym: plan manager

preferred, non-voting, extendable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-voting share

business calendar
type: Concept
broader: schedule
definition: schedule and communications tool used to manage meetings, plan events, and coordinate activities within and/or across organizations
example: academic calendar, bank holiday calendar
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

call window
type: Concept
definition: an explicit period of time prior to a call date during which an issuer or agent must give notice to holders
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable extendable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: registered security
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: enhanced voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: extendable preferred share

International Money Market (IMM) Australian Dollar (AUD) trading date rule
type: Concept
broader: trading date rule
definition: trading date rule defined as the last trading day of an Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) 90-Day Bank Accepted Futures and Options product, one Sydney business day preceding the second Friday of the relevant settlement month
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: IMM AUD trading date rule
adapted from: http://www.asx.com.au/documents/products/90-Day-bank-bill-futures-factsheet.pdf

trading date rule
type: Concept
broader: business recurrence interval convention
definition: convention for determining trading dates defined with reference to some trading date calendar published by some trading facility or exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Corresponds to several ISDA FpML enumeration entries for determining Calculation Date, but refers to other kinds of trading date defined in those calendars. These include Canadian, Australian and New Zealand dates. Note also that some of these have roll rules included within them for when the date determined by the specification returns a non working day, while others explicitly return a business day and require no date roll rule. At least one is silent on this matter.

bond with partial call
type: Concept
broader: callable bond
definition: bond with a feature whereby the issue can be partially called for amounts that are at the discretion of the issuer
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

callable bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
definition: bond that includes a stipulation allowing the issuer the right to repurchase and retire the bond at the call price after the call protection period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has date established
type: Concept
definition: the date that the financial service provider was formally established
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/nicpubweb/Content/DataDownload/NPW%20Data%20Dictionary.pdf
explanatory note: This may be the date on its papers of incorporation or formation document, or the date on which it was granted a license.
synonym: date of commencement of existence
has in range: ExplicitDate

special purpose vehicle
type: Concept
preferred label: fonds commun de placement @fr-fr
explanatory note: A special purpose vehicle (SPV), also known as a special purpose entity (SPE), refers to a legal entity, typically a limited company or partnership, created to isolate a parent company from financial risk, including bankruptcy.
definition: legal entity created to fulfill narrow, specific, and frequently temporary objectives
abbreviation: SPV
abbreviation: SPE
synonym: special purpose entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

organised trading facility
type: Concept
explanatory note: Unlike RMs and MTFs, operators of OTFs will have discretion as to how to execute orders, subject to pre-transparency and best execution obligations.
explanatory note: OTFs were introduced by the European Commission as part of MiFID II and are focused on non-equities such as derivatives and cash bond markets. OTFs are intended to be similar in scope to a swap execution facility (SEF), a type of entity created by the Dodd-Frank Act in the U.S. The goal of SEFs and OTFs is to bring transparency and structure to OTC derivatives trading.
broader: alternative trading system
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: multi-lateral system which is not an RM or an MTF and in which multiple third-party buying and selling interests in bonds, structured finance products, emission allowances or derivatives are able to interact in the system in a way that results in a contract in accordance with the provisions of Title II of MiFID II
abbreviation: OTF
adapted from: http://www.marketswiki.com/mwiki/Organized_Trading_Facility
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf
preferred label: organized trading facility

alternative trading system
type: Concept
broader: exchange
definition: trading venue that is more loosely regulated than a regulated exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ATS
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf
explanatory note: The SEC formally defines an alternative trading system as any organization, association, person, group of persons, or systems (1) that constitutes, maintains, or provides a market place or facilities for bringing together purchasers and sellers of securities or for otherwise performing with respect to securities the functions commonly performed by a stock exchange within the meaning of Rule 3b-16 under the Exchange Act; and (2) that does not (i) set rules governing the conduct of subscribers other than the conduct of such subscribers' trading on such organization, association, person, group of persons, or system, or (ii) discipline subscribers other than by exclusion from trading.

perpetual bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
definition: bond that has no maturity date, i.e., one that pays interest in perpetuity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Perpetual bonds function much like dividend-paying stocks or certain preferred securities. Just as the owner of the stock receives a dividend payment as long as the stock is held, the perpetual bond owner receives an interest payment as long as the bond is held.
synonym: consul

board agreement
type: Concept
broader: organization covering agreement
definition: formal, legally binding agreement between members of the Board of Directors of the organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

mailbox
type: Concept
broader: supplemental address component
definition: mailbox, other than a U.S. Post Office box, associated with an address
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

convertible common share
type: Concept
broader: convertible security
broader: common share
definition: common share that is convertible into another security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

convertible security
type: Concept
broader: security
definition: security that can be converted into another security
example: Convertible securities may be convertible bonds or preferred stocks that pay regular interest and can be converted into shares of common stock (sometimes conditioned on the stock price appreciating to a predetermined level).
example: Warrants are equity convertible securities. They give the owner the option to buy newly issued shares at a determined exercise price and date.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

strip bond
type: Concept
broader: zero coupon bond
broader: strip
definition: bond that is part of a series of bonds formed by selling each interest payment and the principal amount of a bond as separate zero coupon bonds.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

zero coupon bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
definition: bond issued with a coupon rate of zero and that trades at a deep discount to face value
explanatory note: The principal amount accretes over time at a constant accrual rate and is redeemed at full face value at maturity. In effect, the accrual rate is the coupon rate or yield which is added to the outstanding principal rather than being paid out to investors.
broader: fixed income security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: z-bond
explanatory note: Fannie Mae also issues zero-coupon callable debt securities. Zero-coupon notes are debt securities on which no coupon interest is paid to the investor. Rather, the security is purchased at a discounted dollar price and matures at par. If the option on a callable zero-coupon security is exercised, it is redeemed at a higher dollar price than the original issue price. The yield for a callable zero-coupon security is based on the difference between the original discounted price and the principal payment at the call date.

strip
type: Concept
broader: fixed income security
definition: a tradeable debt instrument created either through the process of removing coupons from a bond and then selling the separate parts as a zero coupon bond and an interest paying coupon bond or through taking the opposite position from some variant in the options market
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: STRIPS is an acronym for Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities, which has come to be used as a term in its own right.
synonym: Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities

bond registrar
type: Concept
broader: legal agent
definition: party responsible for maintaining records on behalf of the issuer that identify the owners of a registered bond issue
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The trustee under a bond contract often also acts as registrar.

private mail box address
type: Concept
broader: conventional street address
definition: delivery address provided by a commercial mail receiving company that includes a supplementary address line containing the abbreviation 'PMB' or the pound "#" symbol followed by the mailbox number; alternatively, 'PMB' or '#" and the mailbox number can be appended to the street address
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

conventional street address
type: Concept
broader: physical address
definition: physical address that identifies a location on a street to which communications may be delivered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Other unconventional addresses may include rural and highway route addresses, general delivery addresses, post office box addresses, private mail center addresses, and so forth.

contractual control
type: Concept
broader: de jure control
definition: control established through the terms of some contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

de jure control
type: Concept
broader: legal construct
broader: control
definition: control that exists as a matter of law, i.e., legitimate, legal control of something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

fixed interest rate
type: Concept
broader: interest rate
definition: interest rate that does not fluctuate over the lifetime of a loan or other debt instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

contract lifecycle stage
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle stage
definition: phase in the lifecycle of an agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

commodity future
type: Concept
explanatory note: A commodity future is an agreement to purchase or sell a commodity for delivery in the future: (1) at a price that is determined at initiation of the contract; (2) that obligates each party to the contract to fulfill the contract at the specified price; (3) that is used to assume or shift price risk; and (4) that may be satisfied by delivery or offset.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10
definition: futures contract to buy or sell a predetermined amount of a commodity at a specific price on a specific date in the future
broader: commodity derivative
broader: future
adapted from: CFTC glossary

commodity derivative
type: Concept
broader: derivative instrument
broader: commodity instrument
definition: derivative instrument whose primary underlying item is a physical commodity, or the price, or related index, or any other aspect related to a physical commodity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The price of any commodity used as the basis for a commodity derivative may vary according to supply and demand as of the execution date of the contract and at various other times during the lifetime of the contract depending on contract terms. Valuation of a commodity derivative may depend on the spot price for the underlying commodity, futures price, supply and demand, convenience yield, cost of money and/or interest rates, volatility, which models were used to predict future pricing, and so forth.

commodity instrument
type: Concept
broader: financial instrument
definition: financial instrument representing an ownership interest in bulk goods, such as raw materials and primary agricultural products
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI code), Fourth edition, 2019-10.
explanatory note: The value of the contract is derived from the market value of an underlying commodity or commodity index. Commodity derivatives can be physically or cash settled. Primary underliers include metals, agricultural goods and energy.

produces ratings for
type: Concept
has in domain: rating party
broader: produces
definition: issuer for which ratings are produced or posted through
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: rating issuer

rating party
type: Concept
definition: person, organization or group that analyzes some aspect of something and develops a rating
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

produces
type: Concept
definition: creates through a fabrication, manufacturing or production process
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has street address
type: Concept
has in domain: conventional street address
definition: indicates a fully-specified address component that consists of a primary address number, predirectional, street name, suffix, postdirectional, and an optional secondary unit
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: street address

street address
type: Concept
broader: address component
definition: index to a location that consists of a primary address number, predirectional, street name, suffix, postdirectional, and an optional secondary unit
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has selecting party
type: Concept
definition: indicates the person(s) or organization(s) responsible for determining the contents of a basket
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Party

business register identifier
type: Concept
definition: identifier that uniquely identifies a business register, such as a register identified by the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (GLEIF) registration authorities list
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/gleif-registration-authorities-list

breach of contract
type: Concept
broader: occurrence kind
broader: contract lifecycle event
definition: classifier of events representing a violation of an express, or implied, condition of a contract to do or not to do something, without a legitimate excuse
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Examples of events that are considered a breach of contract include discovery of misrepresentation, not completing a job, not paying in full or on time, failing to deliver all the goods, substituting inferior or significantly different goods, not providing a bond when required, being late without excuse, or any act that demonstrates that a party will not complete required work ('anticipatory breach.') Breach of contract is one of the most common causes of law suits for damages and/or court-ordered 'specific performance' of the contract. A breach of contract frequently invalidates the contract.

contract lifecycle event
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle event
definition: kind of event that occurs during one or more stages of the lifecycle of an agreement
example: a call notification or coupon payment as a part of a bond lifecycle
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

lifecycle event
type: Concept
broader: occurrence kind
definition: kind of event that occurs during one or more stages of a lifecycle
example: a call notification or coupon payment as a part of a bond lifecycle
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has sub-fund
type: Concept
has in domain: pooled fund
definition: relates a pooled fund to a sub-fund that is a constituent of the parent fund
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: pooled fund

is beneficiary of
type: Concept
has in domain: beneficiary
definition: specifies the agreement that a beneficiary is named in
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: agreement

beneficiary
type: Concept
definition: party that receives some benefit or advantage or profits from something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has interest payment frequency
type: Concept
broader: has recurrence interval
definition: the frequency at which interest payments must be made on the debt
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: recurrence interval

transition loan
type: Concept
broader: commercial loan
broader: credit agreement repaid periodically
definition: credit agreement and/or contingent facility (such as a bonding line, guarantee line or letter of credit) designed to help a business or organization shift from carbon-intensive or environmentally harmful practices to more sustainable and environmentally friendly operations
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Transition loans are structured to assist companies in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, improving energy efficiency, adopting renewable energy sources, or meeting other sustainability targets aligned with climate transition goals. They support initiatives such as retrofitting fossil fuel-based systems, decarbonizing supply chains, or adopting cleaner production methods. Transition loans align with emerging Climate Transition Finance principles (developed by groups such as the International Capital Market Association, ICMA). Borrowers are expected to demonstrate that the loan aligns with long-term, science-based climate goals, such as those outlined in the Paris Agreement (e.g., limiting global warming to well below 2°C).
explanatory note: Transition loans are part of the broader sustainable finance market and are specifically tailored for companies in industries that are not inherently green but are committed to adopting practices that align with a low-carbon or sustainable economy.

principal payment schedule
type: Concept
broader: payment schedule
broader: projected contract event schedule
definition: regular, contract-specific schedule including the dates on which some percentage or all of the principal is due to be (re)paid
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The dates may be fixed, or expressed as an offset of the calculation dates. Typically the payment dates are fixed and calculation dates are expressed as an offset, however.

has interest rate cap
type: Concept
broader: has interest rate
definition: relates something, such as an agreement, or debt instrument, to the upper bound (ceiling) rate (typically annual) of interest on variable-rate debt that is to be paid by the debtor to the creditor on the debt
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: interest rate

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has estimated value
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
definition: relates something to its estimated value
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: appraised value

appraised value
type: Concept
broader: market value
definition: estimated value of some asset as of a given point in time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

market value
type: Concept
broader: monetary amount
broader: quantitative value
definition: price an asset would sell for in the market
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

quantitative value
type: Concept
broader: value
definition: value determined via quantitative methods, expressed as a numerical value in appropriate units
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

value
type: Concept
definition: perceived worth of something, such as a product, service, or asset to a company, customer, or stakeholder
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The concept of business value encompasses several dimensions, including: - Customer Value: The benefits that a customer derives from a product or service, measured against the cost of obtaining it. This includes factors like quality, performance, convenience, and price. - Economic Value: The financial benefits that a company gains from its assets, investments, or operations. This can be calculated through metrics like revenue, profit, return on investment (ROI), and cost savings. - Market Value: The price at which an asset or company can be bought or sold in the open market. This reflects the collective assessment of investors and market participants. - Shareholder Value: The financial returns that shareholders receive from owning a company's stock, including dividends and capital gains. - Brand Value: The premium that customers are willing to pay for a product or service due to the brand's reputation, recognition, and loyalty. Overall, value in business is about creating and capturing benefits that meet the needs and expectations of various stakeholders, from customers to investors.
synonym: business value

obligation default
type: Concept
broader: default event
broader: obligation-specific credit event
definition: credit event triggered as a result of an obligation-specific default
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

default event
type: Concept
broader: obligation-specific credit event
definition: credit event representing a failure to meet a contractual obligation, such as failure to repay a debt including interest or principal on a loan or security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A default can occur when a borrower is unable to make timely payments, misses payments, or avoids or stops making payments, typically with respect to a single transaction. A default has adverse effects on the borrower's credit and ability to borrow in the future, and allows the creditor to demand immediate repayment of the obligation in full.

sole controlling party
type: Concept
broader: entity controlling party
definition: party that has sole control over and directs the affairs of some legal entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

producer
type: Concept
definition: grower, maker, fabricator, or manufacturer of some product or other good
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, enhanced voting, perpetual, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: participating preferred share
broader: enhanced voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered

establishment
type: Concept
broader: institutional unit
adapted from: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/units
adapted from: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The physical location of a certain economic activity - for example, a factory, mine, store, or office. An individual establishment is generally classified by having one NAICS code associated with it for statistical purposes, whereas an enterprise may be classified by multiple NAICS codes. The statistical structure is defined based on the operating structure and the accounting data produced by that entity. A given location may only need to publish revenues, whereas an operating unit (establishment) has employment statistics, etc. An establishment is defined as a producing unit at a single geographical location at which or from which economic activity is conducted and for which, at a minimum, employment data are available. In the case of a home-based business, the actual physical location would be specified as two distinct institutional units - as a household from a personal living and consumer perspective and as an establishment / operating unit due to the statistics required of the business.
definition: an enterprise (or part of an enterprise) that operates from a single physical location
adapted from: http://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/glossary.htm#E

preferred, non-voting, perpetual, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: participating preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: perpetual preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-voting share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: cumulative preferred share

business identifier code scheme
type: Concept
definition: scheme that specifies the elements of a unique business identifier code (BIC) scheme to identify financial and non-financial institutions used to facilitate automated processing of information for financial services
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 9362:2014 Banking -- Banking telecommunication messages -- Business identifier code (BIC)
adapted from: https://www.iso.org/standard/60390.html

bond variable coupon
type: Concept
broader: variable interest rate
broader: bond coupon
definition: bond coupon that has a variable interest rate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

bond coupon
type: Concept
broader: interest rate
definition: interest rate on a debt security that the issuer promises to pay to the holder until maturity, expressed as an annual percentage of the face value
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: nominal yield
synonym: coupon percent rate
synonym: coupon rate

CRD credit institution
type: Concept
broader: credit institution
definition: an undertaking whose business is to receive deposits or other repayable funds from the public and to grant credits for its own account as defined by the European Banking Authority (EBA)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition origin: http://www.eba.europa.eu/risk-analysis-and-data/credit-institutions-register

has as-of date
type: Concept
definition: relates something to the date on which it is accurate or valid (e.g. a credit report has an asOfDate that means the date when the information was drawn)
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: It is different from the creation date and need not be the last date of the DatePeriod covered.

municipal entity
type: Concept
broader: polity
definition: polity that typically represents a city, township, or other administrative subdivision having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Municipal entity in the sense of a legal entity, that is, what it is that incurs debt for a municipality, as distinct from the Municipal government. A municipal entity has a Government which sets laws applicable within the geographical area corresponding to its jurisdiction.
synonym: municipality

intangible asset
type: Concept
broader: asset
definition: identifiable, non-monetary asset that lacks physical substance
example: Intangible assets may include intellectual property, patents, copyrights, trademarks, rights-of-way (easements), brands, organizational abilities (know-how), and data.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Intangible assets include assets that may involve a legal claim to some future benefit, typically a claim to future cash. Intangible assets have become an increasingly larger component of the valuation for all companies, from newer social media companies to even the most established and iconic manufacturers.

preferred, voting, redeemable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: single voting share
broader: cumulative preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-participating preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: registered security

special obligation bond
type: Concept
broader: municipal bond
definition: bond secured by a limited revenue source, such as receipts derived from a designated project
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

municipal bond
type: Concept
broader: government bond
broader: municipal security
definition: government bond that may be issued by a regional, rather than national, authority
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: muni
explanatory note: Municipal bonds may be issued by states, cities, counties, special tax districts or special agencies or authorities of state or local governments.

municipal security
type: Concept
broader: government issued debt security
definition: debt obligation issued by a regional governmental entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A municipal security is typically a bond, note, warrant, certificate or other similar obligation issued by a state or local government or their agencies or authorities (such as cities, towns, villages, counties or special districts or authorities). A prime feature of most municipal securities is that interest or other investment earnings on them are generally excluded from gross income of the bondholder for federal income tax purposes. Some municipal securities are subject to federal income tax, although the issuers or bondholders may receive other federal tax advantages for certain types of taxable municipal securities. Some examples include Build America Bonds, municipal fund securities and direct pay subsidy bonds.

trust beneficiary
type: Concept
broader: beneficiary
definition: party for whose interest (benefit) an annuity, assignment (such as a letter of credit), contract, insurance policy, judgment, promise, trust, will, etc., is made
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

variable debt principal
type: Concept
broader: publicly issued debt
definition: principal that is defined in relation to some variable and so varies over time, as principal
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Not the same as principal paydown. This is when the principal itself varies over time, usually as a result of being defined in relation to some index such as an inflation index. Forms the debt principal in instruments such as inflation bonds.

publicly issued debt
type: Concept
broader: issued debt
definition: an issued debt in the form of a tradable debt instrument (security)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

issued debt
type: Concept
broader: debt
definition: debt that is set out by the borrower in some form of financial security in which the lender is the holder or counterparty of that security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has predirectional symbol
type: Concept
has in domain: street address
definition: specifies a geographic directional symbol that occurs after the primary street number but before the street name in a street address
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: predirectional symbol

predirectional symbol
type: Concept
broader: geographic directional symbol
definition: geographic directional symbol that occurs after the primary street number but before the street name in a street address
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

geographic directional symbol
type: Concept
definition: code element that gives directional information for postal delivery
example: In the United States, these include N, S, E, W, NE, NW, SE, SW.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has transliterated address
type: Concept
broader: has address
definition: identifies a transliterated (i.e., in Latin or Romanized ASCII) address for the registered entity
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1
has in range: address

has address
type: Concept
definition: indicates a means by which something (in the case of a network address) or some entity may be located or contacted or may receive correspondence
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: address

account provider
type: Concept
definition: party that provides and services an account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

influence-based de facto controlling party
type: Concept
broader: de facto controlling interest party
definition: party that holds influence-based control over some other party
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
editorial note: Regulatory or jurisdictional control would fall under this control. Court appointed control is de jure control BUT the scenario in which a government takes over something and then hands it over to some new de jure controller i.e. administrator - in the meantime this is de facto control by e.g. the government.

de facto controlling interest party
type: Concept
broader: controlling party
definition: party that exercises some control over an entity other than via explicit, legal means
example: a silent partner, i.e. where someone has made a large investment, which is bilateral (not part of the constitutional framework of the company)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: divides further into financial leverage via loans; non fiscal types of leverage (influence)
explanatory note: A control owner (i.e., control person, per SEC regulations) may have some means or right that allows them to exercise control over board composition, other than through proxy assignment or vote. Not all control persons have this facility, as it is not inherent to having a significant (for example, 20 percent or more) ownership stake.

maturity extension
type: Concept
broader: obligation-specific credit event
definition: credit event involving extension of payments beyond the original maturity date of the obligation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: As stipulated in the terms and conditions for a bond, for example, the issuer or the bondholder may prolong the maturity date. After extension, the security may differ from original issue (new rate or maturity date). May be subject to bondholder's approval.

estimates value at
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
definition: provides an approximate value of some asset as of some point in time
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: appraised value

has primary residence
type: Concept
has in domain: person
broader: has residence
definition: identifies a dwelling where an individual resides the majority of the year
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: For tax purposes, in cases when an individual owns more than one home, their primary residence is the home in which they reside most of the time, and for which they can provide evidence to that effect. Having said this, there are cases, such as for individuals that have dual citizenship, where they may have multiple primary residences, one in each country in which they maintain a home. There may also be subtle issues related to 'rent control' that may impact the statements an individual makes about their primary residence. In other words, one cannot necessarily infer a person's identity from their primary place of residence.
has in range: conventional street address

has residence
type: Concept
has in domain: person
broader: has address
definition: identifies a dwelling where an individual lives
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: conventional street address

commercial lending service
type: Concept
broader: financial service
definition: service involving the extension of credit to support business activities
example: Examples include operating lines of credit and term loans for property, plant and equipment (PP&E).
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

drawee
type: Concept
broader: payer
definition: party that is required to pay the amount stated on the bill of exchange to the payee
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

payer
type: Concept
broader: obligor
definition: a party who pays a bill or fees, or who makes payments to a payee in partial or complete fulfillment of an obligation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

target indicator value
type: Concept
broader: dated collection constituent
definition: target value for a key performance indicator as of a specific date and time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

Department of State unit component
type: Concept
broader: supplemental address component
definition: component of a Department of State address that includes 'UNIT' followed by the unit identifier
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is guarantor of
type: Concept
has in domain: guarantor
broader: is party controlling
definition: identifies a party over which a guarantor has some measure of control by virtue of the guarantee
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlled party

implements
type: Concept
broader: involves
definition: carries out or puts into effect, fulfills
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

involves
type: Concept
definition: (of a situation or event) includes (something) as a necessary part or result
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

preferred, enhanced voting, extendable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: enhanced voting share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security

regulatory call
type: Concept
broader: call event
definition: call triggered by some regulation-specific rule
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

call event
type: Concept
broader: redemption event
definition: an event associated with the call schedule for a debt instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has pricing source
type: Concept
definition: indicates the origin of a given quote or price for a financial instrument
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has shared sovereignty over
type: Concept
broader: has sovereignty over
definition: relates a polity to a geopolitical entity where the polity exercises shared dominion and authority of a political state
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

underlying asset valuation
type: Concept
broader: value assessment
definition: assessment activity to estimate the value of an underlying asset of a derivative
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

value assessment
type: Concept
broader: assessment event
definition: assessment event to estimate the value of something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that an appraiser in this context may be a licensed appraiser, such as a real estate appraiser or auction house, or a calculation agent, depending on the circumstances.

assessment event
type: Concept
broader: occurrence
definition: event involving the evaluation or estimation of the nature, quality, or ability of someone or something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

corporation income tax number
type: Concept
broader: business number
definition: concatenation of an entity's business number, the 'RC' abbreviation and a 4-digit subaccount number used for reporting corporate income tax
example: 000000000RC0001
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/tax/businesses/topics/registering-your-business/corporation-income-tax-program-account.html
explanatory note: An organization may have more than one tax account through its subunits, this is handled through additional 4-digit subaccount numbers. This is used as both an account and an identifier for the registration.

preferred, enhanced voting, perpetual, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: perpetual preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered

edge corporation - investment
type: Concept
broader: investment bank
broader: edge corporation
definition: edge corporation whose charter allows the corporation to engage in international investment banking
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

investment bank
type: Concept
broader: financial institution
definition: financial service provider that acts as an underwriter or agent that serves as intermediary between the issuer of securities and the investing public
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Major investment banks include Barclays, BofA Merrill Lynch, Warburgs, Goldman Sachs, Deutsche Bank, JP Morgan, Morgan Stanley, Salomon Brothers, UBS, Credit Suisse, Citibank and Lazard. Some investment banks specialize in particular industry sectors. Many investment banks also have retail operations that serve small, individual customers.

edge corporation
type: Concept
broader: financial institution
definition: corporation chartered by the Federal Reserve to engage in international banking and financial operations
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

licenses
type: Concept
has in domain: PartyRole
definition: issues a license required in order to perform some task, provide some service, exercise some privilege, or pursue some line of business or occupation to some party
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

equity linked bond
type: Concept
broader: variable coupon bond
definition: bond based on the return on an equity over time, i.e. the price and dividend payments or the total return (similar to total return swaps)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

variable coupon bond
type: Concept
broader: variable income bond
definition: bond that has a floating interest rate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The rate adjusts according to a predetermined formula outlined in the bond's prospectus or official statement.

scheduled calculation period end event
type: Concept
broader: occurrence kind
definition: the end date of a specific calculation period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that this is not necessarily the same as the day before the next period's start date. Calculation schedules specify periods of time, with a start and an end as well as a duration, with the end date being determined by some convention or published list of dates. FpML for CalculationPeriod 'A type defining the parameters used in the calculation of a fixed or floating rate calculation period amount. This type forms part of cashflows representation of a swap stream.'

settlement auction
type: Concept
broader: settlement event
definition: independently administered synthetic auction process on a set of defined deliverable obligations that sets the reference final price that can be used to facilitate cash settlement of all covered transactions following a credit event
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code

settlement event
type: Concept
broader: contract lifecycle event occurrence
definition: specific event involving the finalization a transaction or portion thereof, including but not limited to finalizing accounting, exchanging consideration, and/or legally recording documents, as applicable
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

consumer credit card agreement
type: Concept
broader: unsecured consumer loan
broader: credit card agreement
definition: credit card agreement for a card issued for household, family, or other personal expenditures that is accessed by a borrower's use of a credit card
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/228.12

unsecured consumer loan
type: Concept
broader: consumer loan
broader: unsecured loan
definition: loan to one or more individuals for household, family, or other personal expenditures granted based on the strength of the borrower's credit history or reputation in the community
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

unsecured loan
type: Concept
broader: loan
definition: loan granted based on the strength of the borrower's credit history or reputation in the community
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

credit card agreement
type: Concept
broader: payment card agreement
broader: committed credit facility
definition: account-specific credit facility that specifies the terms and conditions under which the credit card is offered to the cardholder by the issuer
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

payment card agreement
type: Concept
broader: credit agreement
broader: account-specific service agreement
definition: account-specific credit agreement that specifies the terms and conditions under which the payment card is offered to the cardholder by the issuer
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

account-specific service agreement
type: Concept
broader: service agreement
definition: service-agreement that is account-specific, applicable in cases where a client might hold multiple accounts with differing terms and conditions
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Customers of financial service providers frequently hold multiple accounts - brokerage accounts, checking and savings accounts, trust accounts, and so forth - which may have specific terms and conditions associated with them.

service agreement
type: Concept
broader: written contract
definition: written contract between a client and service provider whereby the service provider supplies some service in the form of time, effort, and/or expertise in exchange for compensation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: service contract

has commodity value as of execution date
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
definition: indicates the per unit value of a given commodity as of the date that the contract is executed
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

American depositary receipt level scheme
type: Concept
broader: financial instrument classification scheme
definition: classifier for American depositary receipts that categorizes ADRs into levels based on the extent to which the foreign company has access to the U.S. market
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ADR level

financial instrument classification scheme
type: Concept
definition: classification scheme defining a set of classifiers for financial instruments
example: the ISO 10962 Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI) classification scheme
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has release date
type: Concept
definition: specifies the date on which something is published
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: A release date is typically a date fixed in advance for the release of a film, recording, document, report, or product or publication.
has in range: Date

market basket
type: Concept
broader: dated structured collection
broader: weighted basket
definition: basket composed of market indices
example: For example, certain equities derivatives have an underlying basket which is a basket of more than one index, not a basket of securities.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

conventional gilt
type: Concept
broader: U.K. Government security
broader: fixed coupon bond
definition: fixed coupon bond issued by HM Treasury that guarantees to pay the holder of the gilt a fixed cash payment (coupon) every six months until the maturity date, at which point the holder receives the final coupon payment and the return of the principal
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Conventional gilts are the simplest form of government bond and constitute around 75 percent of the gilt portfolio.

U.K. Government security
type: Concept
explanatory note: The term 'gilt' or 'gilt-edged security' is a reference to the primary characteristic of gilts as an investment: their security. This is a reflection of the fact that the British Government has never failed to make interest or principal payments on gilts as they fall due.
synonym: gilt
broader: sovereign debt instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: debt instrument issued by HM Treasury and listed on the London Stock Exchange
explanatory note: If a private investor wishes to purchase gilts the secondary market can be accessed through a stockbroker, bank or the DMO's Purchase and Sale Service.
synonym: gilt-edged security

fixed coupon bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
broader: fixed income security
definition: bond whose coupon rate and principal amount are fixed at the time of origination or sale and remain constant while the security is outstanding
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

equity variance swap
type: Concept
broader: dispersion swap
broader: equity swap
definition: dispersion swap in which the parties agree to exchange payments based on the difference between (i) the realized variance of the price changes of a specified equity underlier over a stated observation period and (ii) a fixed amount of variance that is agreed when the contract is executed
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15
explanatory note: An equity variance swap is a forward swap that uses the variance (being the volatility squared) of an underlying's price movement over a period as the basis for the payoff calculation.

dispersion swap
type: Concept
broader: statistical swap
definition: statistical derivative used to hedge on the magnitude of a price movement of an underlying asset
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A variance swap is an instrument that allows investors to trade future realized (or historical) volatility against current implied volatility.
explanatory note: Some strategies involve selling a variance swap on an index and buying the variance swaps on the individual constituents; this particular kind of spread trade is called a variance dispersion trade.
synonym: variance swap

civilian labor force participation rate
type: Concept
broader: economic indicator
definition: economic indicator representing the rate of participation the labor force of a given economy for some specified period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.bls.gov/cps/definitions.htm#lfpr
explanatory note: The labor force participation rate is the percentage of the population that is either employed or unemployed (that is, either working or actively seeking work).

derivative master agreement
type: Concept
example: Related to conditions precedent that may apply: "Each obligation of each party under Section 2(a)(i) is subject to (1) the condition precedent that no Event of Default or Potential Event of Default with respect to the other party has occurred and is continuing, (2) the condition precedent that no Early Termination Date in respect of the relevant Transaction has occurred or been effectively designated and (3) each other applicable condition precedent specified in this Agreement. " In the above, the Obligations defined under Section 2(a)(i) of the Master Agrement is the obligation to make each payment or delivery defined in a Confirmation for a transaction carried out under this Master Agreement.
definition: master agreement covering derivatives transactions to be carried out between the parties to this contract
broader: credit agreement
explanatory note: The ISDA Master Agreement (Multicurrency-Cross Border version published in 1992) enables trading counterparties to include foreign exchange transactions under a global cross-product close-out netting master agreement. Because there are significant differences in market practices between the derivatives markets and the international foreign exchange spot and forward markets, parties to the ISDA frequently incorporate the ISDA FX and Currency Options Definitions and further tailor the ISDA Schedule to reflect standard market practice for the foreign exchange products.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
example: Sample preamble to one of these: "EXAMPLE BANK, a Michigan banking corporation and SAMPLECOMPANY US, INC. a Delaware corporation have entered and/or anticipate entering into one or more transactions (each a "Transaction") that are or will be governed by this Master Agreement, which includes the schedule (the "Schedule"), and the documents and other confirming evidence (each a "Confirmation") exchanged between the parties confirming those Transactions. "
broader: master agreement

master agreement
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A master agreement can be used to set out standard terms and conditions so that any new agreements don't need to cover the same information again.
broader: written contract
synonym: master contract
example: A master services agreement governs the terms between a service provider and client. Typically, clients will use Statements of Work that point back to the master agreement so they don't have to recreate a new contract with new terms each time there is a new project, or to cover common terms across services, warranties, and deliveries.
definition: contract between named parties that outlines the terms and conditions designed to apply to a number of accounts, transactions, or other activities between the parties, and that consolidates and provides overarching terms for separate but related agreements
example: Some credit facilities and many brokerage arrangements are master agreements.

preferred, voting, redeemable exchangeable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: single voting share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: registered security

knock-out option
type: Concept
broader: barrier option
definition: barrier option with a built-in mechanism to expire as worthless if a specified price level in the underlying asset is reached
example: Assume an investor purchases a Knock-Out call option with a down Direction, also called a 'Down and Out Option', on a stock that is trading at $60 with a strike price of $55 and a barrier of $50. Assume the stock trades below $50, at any time, before the call option expires. Therefore, the down-and-out call option promptly ceases to exist.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A knock-out option sets a cap on the level an option can reach in the holder's favor. As knock-out options limit the profit potential for the option buyer, they can be purchased for a smaller premium than an equivalent option without a knock-out stipulation.

liability capacity
type: Concept
broader: legal capacity
definition: the ability to be sued at law
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
editorial note: Note that for the purposes of this model, this is distinct from culpability (the ability to commit criminal acts). That would be a separate and analogous term but with grounding in criminal rather than civil law.

legal capacity
type: Concept
broader: legal construct
definition: the capability to carry out certain actions or to have certain rights together with the resources to do so
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has contract duration
type: Concept
has in domain: contract
broader: has term
definition: indicates the period of time during which a contract is intended to be in force once it has been executed
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Note that the duration may be relative or explicit, depending on the nature of the contract, and may be extended if the provisions of the contract permit extension.
has in range: Duration

has term
type: Concept
definition: indicates a fixed or limited period for which something, e.g., a contract, an investment, or an offer, lasts or is intended to last
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Duration

change action
type: Concept
broader: mandatory corporate action
definition: corporate action to disseminate information regarding a change further described in the corporate action details
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Generic changes may include a change in the terms of an issue, change in the identification of a security, change of board lot, change from global to definitive, etc.

Federal Reserve district bank
type: Concept
broader: Federal Reserve System member
broader: central bank
definition: Federal Reserve district and member bank, with jurisdiction over a specific region of the US, named for the city in which the reserve bank is located
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://federalreserve.gov/

Federal Reserve System member
type: Concept
broader: financial institution
definition: financial institution that is a member of the Federal Reserve System (FRS)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://federalreserve.gov/

central bank
type: Concept
broader: bank
broader: monetary authority
definition: financial institution that is the monetary authority and major regulatory bank for a country (or group of countries)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Its functions include issuing and managing the country's currency, controlling monetary policy and supervising money market operations, managing exchange and gold reserves, acting as lender of last resort to commercial banks, and providing banking services to the government. Central banks are state-controlled but are increasingly being given an independent status to insulate them from partisan politics.

bank
type: Concept
broader: depository institution
definition: depository institution, usually a corporation, that accepts deposits, makes loans, pays checks, and performs related services, for individual members of the public, businesses or other organizations
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Banking Terms, Sixth Edition, 2012

monetary authority
type: Concept
definition: regulatory agency that controls the monetary policy, regulation and supply of money in some country or group of countries
example: a central bank, the executive branch of a government, a central bank for several nations, a currency board
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.investordictionary.com/definition/monetary-authority

security underwriter
type: Concept
broader: contract third party
broader: third-party agent
broader: underwriter
definition: party that has purchased from an issuer with a view to, or sells for an issuer in connection with, the distribution of any security, or participates or has a direct or indirect participation in any such undertaking, or participates or has a participation in the direct or indirect underwriting of any such undertaking
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Section 3a of the Investment Company Act of 1940 as amended in January, 2012, https://www.sec.gov/about/laws/ica40.pdf

designated contract market
type: Concept
broader: exchange
definition: exchange, trading system, or platform that enables listing for trading futures or option contracts based on any underlying commodity, index or instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: DCM
adapted from: http://www.cftc.gov/IndustryOversight/TradingOrganizations/DCMs/index.htm
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf

common, non-voting, restricted, nil paid, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-voting share
definition: common share that confers exactly 0 votes per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is nil paid and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: restricted share
broader: common share
broader: registered security
broader: nil paid share

has secondary unit
type: Concept
has in domain: street address
definition: specifies an individual unit within a larger structure, such as an apartment, office, hangar, slip, mailbox, and so forth, at a given street address
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: secondary unit

secondary unit
type: Concept
broader: address component
definition: address component that identifies an individual unit within a larger structure, such as an apartment, office, hangar, slip, mailbox, and so forth, at a given street address
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is stage of
type: Concept
definition: relates a stage in a product or trade lifecycle or process to the lifecycle or process that it is a stage of
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

state government entity or agency
type: Concept
broader: government body
definition: formal organization that is an independent agency, instrumentality or other permanent or semi-permanent organization in the machinery of government of any one of the states or territories of the United States
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

mandates
type: Concept
broader: confers
definition: relates something to a commitment, contract, law, obligation, requirement, regulation, or similar concept that requires it
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

confers
type: Concept
definition: grants or bestows by virtue of some authority
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: This property should be read as describing the conferral of some legal power or duty, some commitment or some social construct, and is a property of some social construct such as an agreement or some legal authority. These concepts, which would describe the kind of thing of which this is a property, and the kinds of thing in terms of which this property is framed, are outside the scope of this mode land so are not shown.
synonym: invests with

meat commodity
type: Concept
broader: agricultural resource
definition: agricultural resource derived from the flesh of an animal (especially a mammal), such as pork bellies
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

agricultural resource
type: Concept
broader: negotiable commodity
definition: negotiable commodity that is obtained via some agricultural process, including forestry, fishing, livestock, grain, dairy, corn, cocoa, soybeans, sugar, coffee
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10

has baseline population
type: Concept
definition: specifies the starting point statistical universe or population used for comparison or analysis
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: statistical universe

has actual closing date
type: Concept
definition: indicates the date on which an offering or transaction officially closes, in contrast with an intended closing date
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

has debt amount
type: Concept
has in domain: credit agreement
broader: has monetary amount
definition: indicates the monetary amount of the debt
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Represents the total debt amount including principal and interest
has in range: monetary amount

has redemption amount
type: Concept
has in domain: redemption payment
broader: has monetary amount
definition: indicates the amount of the principal paid with a redemption payment
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

redemption payment
type: Concept
broader: redemption event
broader: payment event
definition: repayment event involving payment of a bond's principal amount at maturity or when it is called
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

payment event
type: Concept
broader: transaction event
definition: an event that involves delivery of money in fulfillment of an obligation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

novation netting provision
type: Concept
broader: netting provision
definition: contractual element that specifies what should be done with respect to netting when a given contract is replaced with another
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Novation netting contemplates that for each value date and for each currency, the parties agree that all existing contracts will be canceled (discharged and extinguished) and simultaneously replaced by a new contract that aggregates and nets all of the payment obligations of the original contracts. Novation netting occurs immediately when a nettable transaction is entered into.

is premium on
type: Concept
has in domain: currency forward rate
definition: an exchange rate expressed as a premium on the spot rate for the currency pair
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: quoted exchange rate

currency forward rate
type: Concept
broader: quoted exchange rate
definition: rate of exchange between two currencies for settlement at some future point in time, expressed as a premium on the spot rate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has date of assessment
type: Concept
definition: date on which an assessment process was completed
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

precious metal identifier
type: Concept
definition: sequence of characters uniquely identifying the precious metal in some context
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

price structure
type: Concept
broader: dated structured collection
definition: structured collection of prices, such as market prices for some index or security, such that volatility or other analyses may be performed over the structure
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Historical prices are needed not only for various statistical analyses but for determining best prices for certain kinds of options, for example. Note that prices may be quoted or calculated.
synonym: price history

base metal
type: Concept
broader: metal
definition: common metal that tarnishes, oxidizes, or corrodes relatively quickly when exposed to air or moisture, that is widely used in commercial and industrial applications, such as construction and manufacturing
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Base metals or alloys include metals other than precious metals, such as copper, lead, zinc, tin, iron, steel, or brass. Note that iron and steel are included under metal and metal products in some classification schemes - see https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/WPU101 for example.

metal
type: Concept
broader: extraction resource
definition: material that, when freshly prepared, polished, or fractured, shows a lustrous appearance, and conducts electricity and heat relatively well
example: Examples include precious or industrial metal, such as aluminium, copper, gold, lead, nickel, platinum, silver, tin, zinc.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10

employer identification numbering scheme
type: Concept
broader: taxpayer identification numbering scheme
definition: taxpayer identification numbering scheme used in the United States to identify business entities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/employer-id-numbers

taxpayer identification numbering scheme
type: Concept
broader: tax identification scheme
definition: tax identification scheme used in the United States
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/taxpayer-identification-numbers-tin

tax identification scheme
type: Concept
definition: identification scheme used to identify taxpayers in some jurisdiction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/taxation/standard-for-automatic-exchange-of-financial-account-information-in-tax-matters-second-edition_9789264267992-en

failure to pay principal
type: Concept
broader: failure to pay
definition: default event that where either an expected principal payment is missed altogether or the amount paid is less than the required amount
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

failure to pay
type: Concept
broader: default event
definition: default event that is triggered following any applicable grace period in which a payment obligation is missed
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has penultimate coupon payment date
type: Concept
has in domain: coupon payment terms
definition: specifies the last coupon payment prior to maturity
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: This is important since the securities processing area needs to start its procedures in anticipation of maturity. For zero coupon bonds, it is the last compounding date prior to maturity.
has in range: ExplicitDate

prepayment speed
type: Concept
broader: debt pool statistical measure
definition: estimated rate at which a debt or part of a debt is paid off ahead of schedule
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A prepayment model is used to estimate the level of prepayments (speed) on a loan portfolio that will occur in a set period of time, given possible changes in interest rates. Understanding prepayment speed is critical in assessing the value of mortgage pass-through securities. Prepayment models are based on mathematical equations and usually involve the analysis of historical prepayment trends to predict what will happen in the future. Prepayment models are often used to value mortgage pools such as GNMA securities or other securitized debt products, including mortgage-backed securities (MBS).

bond subscription right
type: Concept
broader: subscription right
definition: subscription right entitling existing bond holders to subscribe to new securities at a price normally lower than the prevailing market price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

foreign exchange settlement netting provision
type: Concept
broader: settlement netting provision
definition: settlement netting provision that is specific to foreign exchange contracts
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Foreign exchange settlement netting, if between two counterparties, which is also referred to as bilateral settlement netting in this case, can take one of two forms, payment netting or novation netting. Often, one of these two methods will be found in combination with close-out netting in master agreements between trading counterparties. Close-out netting, as distinct from payment or novation netting, provides for contract liquidation procedures in the event that one of the parties defaults under a contract or become bankrupt. Payment and novation netting describe the day-to-day processes of calculating and paying net amounts.
synonym: FX settlement netting provision

settlement netting provision
type: Concept
broader: netting provision
definition: netting provision that specifies the way in which on a given payment date, each party will aggregate the amounts of a currency to be delivered by it, and only the difference in the aggregate amounts will be delivered by the party with the larger aggregate obligation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is reported to
type: Concept
definition: indicates the party to which something is reported
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: PartyRole

commodity basket constituent
type: Concept
broader: weighted basket constituent
definition: component of a custom commodity basket whose relative importance with respect to other basket constituents is known
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has last notional step date
type: Concept
definition: indicates the final date in a notional step schedule
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

payment institution
type: Concept
broader: credit institution / investment firm
definition: a legal person that has been granted authorisation in accordance with Article 10 to provide and execute payment services throughout the European community
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/

foreign banking organization as a bank holding company
type: Concept
explanatory note: A foreign banking organization that also acts as a bank holding company is thus supervised by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/nicpubweb/Content/HELP/Institution%20Type%20Description.htm
broader: bank holding company
broader: foreign banking organization
definition: foreign banking organization that is a bank holding company in the United States
synonym: Financial Holding Company / FBO

bank holding company
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider
broader: holding company
definition: any company that owns and/or has direct or indirect control of one or more banks; BHCs may also own nonbanking subsidiaries such as broker-dealers and asset managers
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Office of Financial Research (OFR) Annual Report, 2012, Glossary
explanatory note: A bank holding company may also own another bank holding company, which in turn owns or controls a bank; the company at the top of the ownership chain is called the top holder.

cooperative bank
type: Concept
broader: thrift institution
definition: state-chartered savings association that is organized and operates according to the laws of the state in which it is chartered or organized, including Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island or Vermont
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

card validation code 2
type: Concept
broader: three-digit verification code or value
definition: card verification value specifically for Mastercard payment cards
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: PAN CVC2
adapted from: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/pci_security/glossary

has forward exchange rate
type: Concept
has in domain: currency forward
definition: rate of exchange between two currencies as specified in a forward contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: exchange rate

currency forward
type: Concept
broader: currency derivative
broader: forward
definition: agreement to deliver and settle a given amount of money in one currency, in exchange for a given amount in another currency, at an agreed date in the future and at an agreed rate of exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: foreign exchange forward
synonym: FX forward

forward
type: Concept
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
definition: derivative instrument that is privately negotiated between parties to buy the underlier at a specified future date at the price specified in the contract
explanatory note: Certain contracts labeled 'forwards', such as London Metal Exchange (LME) Forwards, are actually futures and are exchange-traded. Some power and gas markets, such as Nord Pool, trade electricity forwards with clearinghouse support. Per the ontology, both would be classified as futures by definition, but naming blurs the lines.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: over-the-counter derivative instrument
explanatory note: The primary distinctions between futures and forwards are (1) forwards are bilateral and privately negotiated, (2) forwards are over-the-counter instruments rather than exchange traded, (3) forwards are fully customizable whereas futures are typically standardized, (4) the risk associated with a forward is assumed by the counterparties whereas it is mitigated via central clearing for futures, and (5) there is typically no margin requirement for a forward whereas futures require margin posting.
explanatory note: Since forward contracts are not exchange traded, there is no mark-to-market requirement, which allows a buyer to avoid almost all capital outflow initially (though some counterparties might set collateral requirements). The forward price makes the forward contract have no value when the contract is written. However, if the value of the underlying commodity changes, the value of the forward contract becomes positive or negative, depending on the position held. Forwards are priced in a manner similar to futures. Like in the case of a futures contract, the first step in pricing a forward is to add the spot price to the cost of carry (interest forgone, convenience yield, storage costs and interest/dividend received on the underlying). Unlike a futures contract though, the price may also include a premium for counterparty credit risk, and the fact that there is not daily marking to market process to minimize default risk. If there is no allowance for these credit risks, then the forward price will equal the futures price.
broader: derivative instrument
synonym: forward contract

is owed to
type: Concept
has in domain: debt
definition: links a debt to the party to which it is payable
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: creditor

creditor
type: Concept
broader: obligee
definition: a party to whom an obligation, such as an amount of money, or good, or performance of some service exists
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

religious corporation
type: Concept
broader: not-for-profit corporation
definition: not-for-profit corporation whose objective is specific to some fundamental set of beliefs and practices generally agreed upon by a number of people, and that is incorporated under the law
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Often religious corporations are recognized under the law on a sub-national level, for instance by a state or provincial government. The government agency responsible for regulating such corporations is usually the official holder of records, for instance a state department of corporations.

is legally recorded in
type: Concept
has in domain: financial instrument
broader: has governing jurisdiction
definition: jurisdiction (country, county, state, province, city) in which the financial instrument is legally recorded for regulatory and/or tax purposes
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Jurisdiction

has governing jurisdiction
type: Concept
has in domain: contract
definition: indicates the jurisdiction governing the contract, as agreed by all parties
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: In a written contract this is generally identified, for example, as Governing Law, namely the jurisdiction in which any disputes arising from the contract are to be resolved.
editorial note: As modeled, this relationship combines two slightly different senses in which a Jurisdiction may be named in some Contract: the jurisdiction under whose laws the contract is deemed to be in force, and the jurisdiction under which the parties agree to submit in the event of any dispute resolution. ScopeNote: One thing to tease out is whether 'Dispute Resolution' and other forms of 'Governing Law' are one and the same thing or not. Dispute Resolution is uncontroversial, the question is whether there are other implications to Governing Law or if it's the same thing. For instance I may undertake to behave as though I were responsible to a particular authority i.e., a particular set of statutes.
has in range: Jurisdiction

common convertible share purchase right
type: Concept
broader: purchase right
definition: purchase right that gives a prospective acquiree's common, convertible shareholders the right to buy common, convertible shares of the firm or common, convertible shares of anyone who acquires the firm at a deep discount to their fair market value
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

is leg of
type: Concept
has in domain: swap leg
definition: relates a swap leg to the to the swap that includes it
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: swap

has obligation
type: Concept
has in domain: obligor
definition: identifies a duty or obligation that a given party has taken on
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

privately held share
type: Concept
broader: share
definition: share in a security that signifies ownership in an entity that is not publicly traded
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Privately owned companies include family-owned businesses, sole proprietorships and the vast majority of small and medium-sized businesses. These companies are often too small for an initial public offering (IPO) due, for example to a small market capitalization and/or low trading volume, and fulfill their financing requirements in other ways, including through smaller offerings.

swap leg event
type: Concept
broader: swap lifecycle event
definition: swap lifecycle event, such as a payment or rate reset event, that applies to one leg of a swap
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

swap lifecycle event
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle event
definition: event that occurs during the lifecycle of a swap, where the overall set of events includes those specific to the issuer, front office, middle office, and/or back office processes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has direct owning entity
type: Concept
definition: relates a formal organization to a direct legal person / owner
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

term sheet
type: Concept
broader: agreement
definition: nonbinding agreement setting forth the basic terms and conditions under which a proposed business deal may be made
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Term sheets state the intentions of the parties and are used to guide legal counsel in the preparation of proposed agreements or contracts.

central counterparty clearing house
type: Concept
broader: clearing house
definition: clearing house that helps facilitate trading in derivatives and equities markets
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CCP
explanatory note: These clearing houses are often operated by the major banks in the country. The house's prime responsibility is to provide efficiency and stability to the financial markets that they operate in. There are two main processes that are carried out by CCPs: clearing and settlement of market transactions. Clearing relates to identifying the obligations of both parties on either side of a transaction. Settlement occurs when the final transfer of securities and funds occur. CCPs benefit both parties in a transaction because they bear most of the credit risk. If two individuals deal with one another, the buyer bears the credit risk of the seller, and vice versa. When a CCP is used the credit risk that is held against both buyer and seller is coming from the CCP, which in all likelihood is much less than in the previous situation.

express certificate
type: Concept
note: Express certificates offer the possibility of an early redemption combined with an attractive yield opportunity. They have reduced risk compared to a direct investment into the underlying asset(s). With higher risk levels, multiple underlying assets (worst-of) allow for higher coupons or lower barriers; limited profit opportunity (Cap).
broader: participation certificate
broader: structured finance without principal protection
definition: participation certificate whose payout is conditional: should the underlying trade above the strike on the observation date, an early redemption consisting of nominal price plus an additional coupon amount is paid
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.4.8

accounting framework
type: Concept
broader: relationship qualifier
definition: framework, including policies, methods, rules, and processes, used to measure, recognize, present, and disclose the information appearing in an entity's financial statements, and, from a legal ownership perspective, that is applied for accounting consolidation determination
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: GLEIF Level 2 Relationship Record (RR) Common Data Format (CDF), see https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/relationship-record-cdf-format#

relationship qualifier
type: Concept
definition: a classifier that qualifies something about the relationship between consolidated entities during the reporting period, such as the accounting framework used
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: GLEIF Level 2 Relationship Record (RR) Common Data Format (CDF), see https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/relationship-record-cdf-format#

business identifier code data record
type: Concept
broader: business registry entry
definition: entry in a registry that conforms to ISO 9362 for the management of BIC codes and related registration information
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: BIC data record
adapted from: https://www.swift.com/standards/data-standards/bic

business registry entry
type: Concept
definition: entry in a business registry
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is guaranteed by
type: Concept
has in domain: guaranty
definition: relates guaranty to the contract guarantor, i.e., to the legal person providing the guaranty
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: guarantor

Telekurs Id
type: Concept
broader: proprietary security identifier
definition: identifier used to identify financial instruments owned, managed, and distributed by SIX Financial Information (formerly Telekurs AG and subsequently SIX Telekurs Ltd.)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The Telekurs Id was phased out in favor of the Valoren (Valor Nummer in Swiss German) in 2013.

proprietary security identifier
type: Concept
broader: security identifier
definition: identifier supplied by a commercial entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

security identifier
type: Concept
broader: financial instrument identifier
definition: any publicly available identifier that is used to identify a security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable extendable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

precedence right
type: Concept
broader: contractual right
definition: right that give the shareholder higher priority with respect to certain pre-defined dividend payments over other shareholders and that pay out first in the case of liquidation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has preferred settlement currency
type: Concept
has in domain: settlement terms
broader: has currency
definition: indicates the preferred currency for settlement purposes
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: This property should only be used in cases where the settlement currency is distinct from the currency in which the instrument is denominated.
has in range: currency

Refinitiv instrument code
type: Concept
note: A Refinitiv Instrument Code (RIC), previously known as the Reuters Instrument Code, is a proprietary identifier used by Refinitiv (now LSEG Financial Solutions) to represent financial instrument related data. The composition of a RIC is dependent on the type of instrument. - Instrument code : Can be based on the exchange ticker code, ISIN or local code, currency code, and so on - Period or time interval : Can be an expiry month code for example - Delimiter : Usually a full stop used to separate the instrument code from the exchange code or a = sign for money securities. - Source code : Usually a single or double alpha-character capital unique to an exchange An equity RIC has several components: the Equity RIC root is in upper case, brokerage characters in lower case (if applicable), and finally an exchange identifier. These codes facilitate information lookup across various financial networks. The concept of RICs traces back to the Quotron service, which Thomson Reuters acquired in the 1980s. The division was spun out as Refinitiv in 2018. Refinitiv was acquired by the London Stock Exchange Group in 2021, and the organization was rebranded as LSEG Financial Solutions in 2023, though the name of the code and certain other branded concepts were retained.
broader: proprietary security identifier
definition: proprietary code for financial instruments and indices owned, managed, and distributed by the London Stock Exchange Group's LSEG Financial Solutions (branded as Refinitiv)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: RIC
adapted from: https://community.developers.refinitiv.com/questions/28938/ric-code-understandingidentificaiton.html

state savings bank
type: Concept
broader: savings bank
definition: savings bank that has a state affiliation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

exemplifies
type: Concept
definition: is a concrete realization or example of
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/exemplify

card security code
type: Concept
broader: magnetic stripe verification code or value
definition: card verification value specifically for American Express payment cards
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CSC
adapted from: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/pci_security/glossary

magnetic stripe verification code or value
type: Concept
broader: card verification code or value
definition: card verification code on a card's magnetic stripe that uses secure cryptographic processes to protect data integrity on the stripe, and reveals any alteration or counterfeiting
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/pci_security/glossary

sales strategy
type: Concept
broader: business strategy
definition: strategy for selling something, including allocating resources to the sales process, reducing costs, and optimizing revenues
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

business strategy
type: Concept
broader: strategy
definition: strategy for achieving a specific business goal, objective, solution or outcome
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has constant notional amount
type: Concept
broader: has notional amount
definition: indicates that the notional amount is constant through the life of the contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10, clause 6.8.2
has in range: monetary amount

closed-end reverse mortgage
type: Concept
broader: closed-end mortgage loan
broader: reverse mortgage loan
definition: reverse mortgage that provides a lump sum payment to the borrower at closing, with no ability for the borrower to receive additional funds under the mortgage at a later date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Normally, closed-end reverse mortgages are first liens.
source: Instructions for the Preparation of Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income, FFIEC 031 and FFIEC 041, Updated March 2023, clause A-91

closed-end mortgage loan
type: Concept
broader: closed-end credit
broader: loan secured by real estate
definition: loan secured by real estate with no ability for the borrower to receive additional funds under the loan at a later date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: MISMO Business Glossary, available at https://www.mismo.org/standards-resources/business-glossary/

closed-end credit
type: Concept
broader: credit agreement
definition: credit agreement in which the loan principal cannot be increased after funds are dispersed in full when the loan closes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The loan may require regular payments that pay down principal periodically, or it may require the full payment of principal at maturity.

index future
type: Concept
broader: financial future
definition: futures contract whose underlying asset is at least one reference index or economic indicator
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
explanatory note: For each index there may be a different multiple for determining the price of the futures contract.

international bank account identifier
type: Concept
explanatory note: The IBAN structure is defined in ISO 13616-1 and consists of a two-letter ISO 3166-1 country code, followed by two check digits and up to thirty alphanumeric characters for a BBAN (Basic Bank Account Number) which has a fixed length per country and, included within it, a bank identifier with a fixed position and a fixed length per country. The check digits are calculated based on the scheme defined in ISO/IEC 7064 (MOD97-10).
explanatory note: Note that international bank account numbers are formatted uniquely by country. A description of the country-specific formats is available from SWIFT (https://www.swift.com/), which is the ISO registrar for ISO 13616.
adapted from: ISO 13616-1:2007 Financial services - International bank account number (IBAN)
synonym: international bank account number
definition: identifier for a bank account that is an expanded version of the basic bank account number (BBAN), intended for use internationally
example: For an account in Switzerland, suppose that an example domestic account number is 762 1162-3852.957. Suppose further that the bank identifier portion of that domestic account number is 762, or normalized for the BBAN is '00762'. For that example, the corresponding BBAN is '00762011623852957' and IBAN is 'CH9300762011623852957'.
broader: bank account identifier
abbreviation: IBAN
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

bank account identifier
type: Concept
broader: account identifier
definition: identifier that identifies a demand deposit account provided by a bank
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 13616-1:2007 Financial services - International bank account number (IBAN)
synonym: bank account number

account identifier
type: Concept
definition: identifier that denotes an account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 13616-1:2007 Financial services - International bank account number (IBAN)
synonym: account number

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable exchangeable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: participating preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: exchangeable preferred share

Valoren
type: Concept
synonym: Valoren Number
explanatory note: A VALOR code is between six and nine characters in length and like other securities identification codes (like ISIN, CUSIPs etc). A VALOR is utilized for identification purposes as well as clearing and settlement, similar to an ISIN code, and identifies debt and equity securities.
synonym: Valor Nummer @de
synonym: Valor Code
definition: identification number assigned to financial instruments in Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Belgium, issued by SIX Financial Information, that is the National Securities Identifying Number (NSIN) for securities issued in those countries and is also part of the ISIN for the security it identifies
broader: proprietary security identifier
broader: National Securities Identifying Number
adapted from: https://www.isin.net/valoren/
synonym: Valor
broader: listed security identifier
synonym: Valoren Code
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

National Securities Identifying Number
type: Concept
broader: security identifier
definition: generic, nine-digit alpha numeric code which identifies a fungible security, assigned by a national numbering agency under the ISO 6166 standard
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: NSIN

listed security identifier
type: Concept
broader: security identifier
definition: security identifier issued in the public domain and referred to in listings and other relevant publications
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has payment schedule
type: Concept
broader: has schedule
definition: specifies the schedule for fulfillment of an obligation
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: payment schedule

has schedule
type: Concept
definition: indicates a schedule for something
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: schedule

currency spot buy rate
type: Concept
broader: currency spot rate
definition: indicative spot buying market rate as observed by the reporting source
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, exchangeable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: non-voting share
broader: registered security
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: exchangeable preferred share

has holding period
type: Concept
definition: identifies a holding period applicable to some financial asset
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: DatePeriod

supplemental address unit
type: Concept
broader: address component
definition: address component that includes a specific route, box, apartment, condominium or other indicator or unit associated with a specific address
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

excess return swap
type: Concept
broader: index return swap
definition: return swap in which the change in the level of the index will be equal to the returns generated primarily by the changes in price of each of the contracts that comprise the index
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISDA Disclosure Annex for Commodity Derivative Transactions. See https://globalmarkets.bnpparibas.com/gm/features/docs/dfdisclosures/ISDA_Commodity_Derivatives_Disclosure_Annex_04_2013.pdf

index return swap
type: Concept
broader: return swap
definition: return swap in which payments are based on a fee paid to the seller of the swap and on a floating reference price based on changes in the level of an index from an initial level to a level observed on some valuation date(s)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISDA Disclosure Annex for Commodity Derivative Transactions. See https://globalmarkets.bnpparibas.com/gm/features/docs/dfdisclosures/ISDA_Commodity_Derivatives_Disclosure_Annex_04_2013.pdf
explanatory note: Payments to the parties may be made either on a periodic basis or on termination of the transaction. One party will receive a payment based upon the change in the level of the index between two valuation dates (multiplied by the notional amount of the swap), as modified by the fee paid to the seller of the swap. If the level of the index increases, the buyer of the swap will be entitled to a payment based on this performance, as such payment may be reduced (or negated) by the fee paid to the seller of the swap. If the level of the index decreases, the seller of the swap will be entitled to a payment based on this performance, as such payment may be increased by the fee paid to the seller of the swap.

is registered
type: Concept
has in domain: security
definition: indicates the registration authority for a given security, i.e., in the name of the owner on the books of the issuer, with the issuer's registrar, with a third-party transfer agent, with a broker-dealer, or other competent party
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: RegistrationAuthority

product lifecycle occurrence
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle occurrence
definition: realization of the lifecycle of a specific product
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

lifecycle occurrence
type: Concept
broader: occurrence
definition: realization of a lifecycle
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

tracker certificate
type: Concept
definition: certificate that reflects underlying price moves 1:1 (adjusted by conversion ratio and any related fees), in which the associated risk is comparable to direct investment in the underlying asset(s)
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.2.8
example: Tracker certificates can be purchased on stock exchanges which they are listed on. Many of these certificates track underlying assets at a ratio of 1:100. That means that an investor can invest just a fraction of the amount which would be required to buy the actual underlying asset. For example: You invest in a tracker certificate which is based on a stock basket with a value of 10,000 Euros. Because the tracker certificate uses a ratio of 1:100, you only need to pay 100 Euros for the certificate. If the price of the underlying stocks goes up by 10 percent (to 11,000 Euros), the value of the certificate will also go up by 10 percent (to 110 Euros).
explanatory note: Some tracker certificates have an expiry date. That means they only track an underlying asset for a predetermined length of time (one year, for example). The certificate matures at the end of that period, at which point you as the investor are paid out its going value at the time of expiry.
explanatory note: Unlike investment funds – which are divided into shares and owned by investors – tracker certificates are simply debt claims against the issuer (the bank which offers them, for example). That means the underlying asset which you are investing in does not belong to you, but to the issuer. Shares of investment funds, on the other hand, are classified as segregated assets in some jurisdictions, such as Switzerland, and are owned by you as the shareholder rather than by the fund managers. In practice, investors are not likely to notice the difference. But whether you hold tracker certificates or fund shares makes a big difference when an investment company becomes insolvent. Tracker certificates are not protected against issuer bankruptcy, and fall into the pool of general debt claims against the bankrupt party. If the issuer of a tracker certificate goes bankrupt, you may very likely lose all or part of the money which you invested in the tracker certificate. This danger is known as counterparty risk. By investing in tracker certificates, you agree to carry the counterparty risk.
example: Trackers can be used to invest in the performance of multiple stocks, for example. A tracker certificate is a structured instrument that allows the investor to invest in an underlying asset without actually owning the asset. From an investor perspective, tracker certificates work much like investment funds. The tracker follows the price of an underlying asset (one or more stocks, for example). The investor buys a certificate based on the tracker. If the value of the underlying asset goes up, the value of the certificate goes up with it. If the underlying asset loses value, the certificate loses value.
broader: participation certificate
explanatory note: Tracker certificates can also be used to profit off negative price developments. This is the case with so-called bear tracker certificates which take a short position on the underlying asset. Note that tracker certificates do not normally pay out dividends. If one holds a certificate which tracks the stock of a company which pay dividends, they will not receive them. However, they may receive some form of compensation from the certificate’s issuer in some cases.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has credit limit
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
definition: specifies the maximum amount of credit that may be borrowed with respect to a specific agreement (e.g. for line of credit)
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

employment-population ratio
type: Concept
broader: economic indicator
definition: economic indicator representing the ratio of the employed population with respect to the overall civilian non-institutional population of a given economy for some specified period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has dividend grace period
type: Concept
has in domain: preferred dividend
definition: indicates a period of time after a dividend payment becomes due, before the issuer is subject to penalties
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Duration

preferred dividend
type: Concept
broader: dividend
definition: commitment to distribute a portion of earnings to shareholders, similar to a dividend but often with a fixed payment amount and schedule
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

dividend
type: Concept
broader: commitment
definition: announced commitment to make a specific distribution of a portion of earnings to shareholders, prorated by class of security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The amount and timing of payment is set by the board of directors, typically quarterly. Dividends may be paid in the form of money, shares, scrip, or on rare occasion, property.

legal form change
type: Concept
broader: mandatory corporate action
definition: corporate action indicating a modification of the legal form of the organization
example: In the United States it is common for companies established as Subchapter S Corporations (S-Corp), typically early stage companies, to modify their structure to become full-fledged Subchapter C Corporations (C-Corp) to facilitate outside fundraising, mergers, acquisitions, and public offerings. Other common form changes include migration from sole proprietorships to more formally registered organizations (e.g., LLC, S-Corp, C-Corp, etc.)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has financial instrument short name
type: Concept
has in domain: financial instrument
definition: relates a security to its ISO 18774-compliant short name, which includes an issuer short name, abbreviated instrument characteristics, and abbreviated instrument description per the ISO standard
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: ISO 18774:2015(E), Securities and related financial instruments - Financial Instrument Short Name (FISN)
has in range: financial instrument short name

financial instrument short name
type: Concept
definition: abbreviated name for a financial instrument within a defined structure as specified in ISO 18774
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: FISN
adapted from: ISO 18774:2015(E), Securities and related financial instruments - Financial Instrument Short Name (FISN)

appraiser
type: Concept
definition: party that evaluates or estimates the nature, quality, ability, or value of someone or something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

non-transferable contract
type: Concept
broader: written contract
definition: contract between whose individual rights and obligations are not transferable to another party without prior written permission
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is portfolio company of
type: Concept
has in domain: controlled party
broader: has controlling party
definition: indicates a venture capital firm, a buyout firm, or a holding company that is a financial sponsor (i.e. investor in) of the party
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlling party

has strike rate
type: Concept
definition: rate at which the contract may be exercised
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Ratio

preferred, non-voting, perpetual, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: non-voting share
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

currency spot volatility
type: Concept
broader: historical volatility
broader: exchange rate volatility
definition: measure of exchange rate fluctuation based on a range of past actual values for exchange rates
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

historical volatility
type: Concept
broader: volatility
definition: measure of volatility that uses actual values for pricing, rates, and other measurements calculated over some prior period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: realized volatility

account ownership
type: Concept
broader: holding
definition: holding of an account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has point of contact
type: Concept
broader: has designation
definition: identifies a party designated as the point of contact for
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: contact

has designation
type: Concept
definition: relates an individual or organization to a position, role, or other designation
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

contact
type: Concept
definition: role or associated with a party serving as a designated point of communication, typically within a system or process
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has initial funding date
type: Concept
broader: has effective date
definition: relates a mortgage to the date on which the contract is consummated, officially creating the obligations therein
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
synonym: has closing date

has effective date
type: Concept
definition: indicates the date a contract, relationship, or policy comes into force
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Date

has extraordinary redemption provision
type: Concept
has in domain: redemption provision
broader: has contractual element
definition: relates the redemption provision of a debt instrument to one-time provision that may be exercised by the issuer under certain circumstances
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: extraordinary redemption provision

extraordinary redemption provision
type: Concept
broader: call feature
definition: provision that gives a bond issuer the right to call its bonds due to an unusual one-time occurrence, as specified in the offering statement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Such redemptions may occur when bond proceeds are not spent according to schedule; when bond proceeds are used in a way that makes nontaxable bond interest taxable; or when a catastrophe destroys the project being financed, among other reasons.

observed indicator value structure
type: Concept
broader: dated structured collection
definition: collection of observations for some key performance indicator measured over a specified window of time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

variable interest expression
type: Concept
definition: an expression used to determine a variable interest payment amount
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

tribal area
type: Concept
definition: designation for geographic region administered by a group of indigenous people rather than by a sovereign state or regional governmental entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

ownership interest
type: Concept
usage note: Note that there are a number of variations for ownership interest that represent 'corner cases', including jurisdiction-specific variants, which can be added as needed for specific applications.
definition: classifier indicating the nature of the applicant's or borrower's ownership or leasehold interest in an asset used as collateral for the loan
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is employed by
type: Concept
has in domain: person
definition: indicates the party (legal person or formal organization) that employs someone
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: LegalPerson

submits
type: Concept
has in domain: submitter
definition: presents something (a proposal, application, report, or other document) for consideration or review
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

submitter
type: Concept
definition: party presenting something, such as a regulatory report
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is an international branch of
type: Concept
broader: is consolidated by
definition: indicates that the entity considered the 'start node' or consolidated entity (child) is an international subsidiary of the 'end node' (parent) in the jurisdiction of the child
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: GLEIF Level 2 Relationship Record (RR) Common Data Format (CDF), see https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/relationship-record-cdf-format#
has in range: LegalEntity

is consolidated by
type: Concept
definition: indicates the entity considered the 'end node' or consolidating entity (parent) from an ISO 17442 perspective
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: GLEIF Level 2 Relationship Record (RR) Common Data Format (CDF), see https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/relationship-record-cdf-format#
has in range: LegalEntity

index certificate
type: Concept
broader: participation certificate
definition: certificate whose underlying asset is an index
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Investors should think about currency risks when investing in index certificates that track a share index outside of the euro zone. And they should pay attention to whether the underlying index is a performance or price index. With a performance index, all dividends and profits from subscription rights flow into the index value. In contrast to that, price indices show the pure development of the shares and thus the price declines that usually accompany dividend payouts. Index certificates are particularly interesting to investors that want to profit from positive capital-market developments, but who don’t want to deal with the daily price developments of several individual shares.
explanatory note: With Index certificates investors can participate one-to-one in the development of an exchange index – without actually buying the underlying shares in that comprise that index. Every index certificate has a subscription rate (e.g., 1:10 or 1:100) that defines the value of the certificate in relation to the index listing. The investor invests broadly diversified and transparently with minimal effort and smaller amounts.
explanatory note: If the underlying share increases in value, the value of the certificate increases in analog to the gain; with every setback, the certificate value declines accordingly.

yield spread
type: Concept
broader: difference
definition: the spread between the yields of two items
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, exchangeable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable extendable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

short mini-future certificate
type: Concept
broader: mini-future certificate
definition: mini-future certificate that entitles the holder to acquire cash in exchange for specific underlying assets
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

has funding leg
type: Concept
has in domain: return swap
broader: has leg
definition: indicates the leg of a return swap that specifies a set payment rate, typically benchmark based but possibly a fixed rate
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has leg
type: Concept
has in domain: swap
broader: has contractual element
definition: relates a swap contract to a leg that is part of that swap
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: swap leg

regulation identifier
type: Concept
definition: an identifier associated with a regulation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, restricted voting, perpetual, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has quote currency
type: Concept
broader: has dealt currency
definition: indicates the quote currency in an exchange rate; R units of this currency represent one unit of the base currency
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: currency

has dealt currency
type: Concept
broader: has currency
definition: specifies a unit of currency representing the exchanged (target) currency in an exchange rate; R units of this currency represent one unit of the base currency
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: currency

last regular coupon date
type: Concept
definition: scheduled date of the last regular coupon payment, that is the last of the payments that are made according to a regular repeating series of coupon periods, before any non-standard (long or short) final coupon period in the schedule
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has additional costs
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
definition: indicates costs, such as up front costs, brokerage fees and the like, that must be paid on delivery
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

delivery point code
type: Concept
definition: specific set of digits between 00 and 99 assigned to a delivery point
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: When combined with the ZIP + 4 code, the delivery point code provides a unique identifier for every deliverable address served by the USPS. The delivery point digits are almost never printed on mail in human-readable form; instead they are encoded in the POSTNET delivery point barcode (DPBC) or as part of the newer Intelligent Mail Barcode (IMB).

has secondary account holder
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
synonym: has secondary account owner
broader: is held by
synonym: has account co-owner
has in domain: customer account
definition: relates an account to a client or customer that is considered a secondary, co-owner of the account
has in range: customer account holder

is held by
type: Concept
definition: indicates the party that possesses and has at least partial control of something, regardless of ownership
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

customer account
type: Concept
broader: account
definition: account that represents an identified, named collection of balances and cumulative totals used to summarize customer transaction-related activity over a designated period of time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: financial service account

account
type: Concept
definition: container for records associated with a business arrangement for regular transactions and services
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In general, an account is associated with a contractual relationship between a buyer and seller under which payment may be made at a later time. General ledger accounts are an exception to this, however, and typically do not have account holders, including internal account holders. They may, on the other hand, have responsible parties.

religious objective
type: Concept
broader: not for profit objective
definition: not-for-profit objective that reflects the religious goals of an organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

not for profit objective
type: Concept
broader: objective
definition: objective that reflects the charitable, educational, religious, humanitarian, public services, or other not for profit goals of an organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The objective of all business activities is not to earn profits for its owners. All of the money earned by or donated to a not for profit organization is used in pursuing the organization's objectives.
synonym: nonprofit objective

transition project
type: Concept
broader: environmental project
definition: project that supports broad, sector-specific efforts to reduce environmental impact
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Green loans focus on funding projects with direct and measurable environmental benefits (e.g., solar farms, green buildings). Transition loans are for broader initiatives aimed at improving sustainability in traditionally carbon-intensive sectors.
explanatory note: Sustainability-Linked Loans (SLLs): Transition loans share similarities with SLLs, as both tie terms (such as interest rates) to achieving predefined sustainability goals. However, transition loans are specifically framed within the context of long-term decarbonization or sustainability transitions.
explanatory note: Borrowers must demonstrate a credible transition plan, which include: (a) clear sustainability performance targets (SPTs), (b) alignment with recognized climate goals and frameworks (e.g., the Science Based Targets initiative, SBTi), and (c) transparency in reporting progress and outcomes. Third-party verification or certification of the transition plan and its alignment with best practices is often required.

environmental project
type: Concept
broader: project
definition: specific initiative, activity, or investment aimed at improving environmental sustainability, reducing ecological harm, or addressing environmental challenges
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Such projects are designed to align with environmental goals, such as mitigating climate change, conserving natural resources, protecting biodiversity, and promoting a circular economy.
explanatory note: Key characteristics of an environmental or sustainability project include achieving measurable positive environmental outcomes, and aligning with broader sustainability goals, such as those outlined in international frameworks (e.g., the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Paris Agreement).

project
type: Concept
definition: state of affairs and unique and temporary organization, designed to deliver a tangible output
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.prince2.com/usa/blog/project-vs-programme
explanatory note: A project has a fixed - generally fairly short - timeframe, and a project manager is responsible for delivering the output on time and on budget.

best offer
type: Concept
broader: offer price
definition: lowest price acceptable to a prospective seller for a given security at a particular point in time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

offer price
type: Concept
broader: security price
definition: price suggested by a prospective seller at a particular time for a given security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: ask price
synonym: offering price
synonym: asking price

industry classification benchmark classifier
type: Concept
broader: industry sector classifier
definition: standardized classification or delineation for an organization based on their main source of revenue
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ICB code
abbreviation: ICB classifier

entity legal form registry entry
type: Concept
definition: entry in an entity legal form registry that conforms to ISO 20275
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ELF registry entry
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/code-lists/iso-20275-entity-legal-forms-code-list

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: cumulative preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: participating preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
broader: restricted voting share

is officer of
type: Concept
has in domain: corporate officer
broader: is party controlling
definition: indicates the organization that the person has some authority over and managerial responsibility for
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlled party

standard industrial classification code
type: Concept
broader: industry sector classifier
definition: the SIC code representing an industry
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: SIC code

non-tradable fund unit
type: Concept
broader: non-negotiable security
broader: fund unit
definition: security representing an interest in a fund that cannot be traded ontside of the fund itself
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Non-tradable fund units are commonly found in pension funds, insurance pools, or internal benefit plans, where units serve as accounting or entitlement mechanisms without market transferability.

non-negotiable security
type: Concept
broader: security
definition: security that is not transferable to another party
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Certain securities that can be redeemed by the issuer may not be 'negotiable', such as savings bonds and certificates of deposit.

single currency interest rate swap
type: Concept
broader: interest rate swap
definition: interest rate swap in which the two streams of interest payments are in the same currency
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has underlier
type: Concept
usage note: The domain of this property can be either a derivative instrument or, in the case of a swap contract, one leg of the swap.
definition: relates a derivative to something on which the contract is based
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: underlier

has transaction date
type: Concept
definition: indicates the date on which the transaction actually occurred
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: transaction date

transaction date
type: Concept
definition: date on which a specific transaction was initiated
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

market spread
type: Concept
broader: scoped measure
definition: statistical measure providing the difference (or spread) between two market rates
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

aligned community investment fund
type: Concept
broader: community investment fund
definition: community investment fund that raises capital publicly from community members and deploys some of that capital via investments into its client businesses or other businesses in the community
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ACIF
explanatory note: For example, an entrepreneurial support organization (ESO) that derives most of its income from providing consulting services to early stage businesses, can raise capital publicly from its community and deploy some of that capital via investments into its client businesses. These investments would comprise its ACIF.
source: Aligned Community Investment Fund, available at https://www.nc3now.org/uploads/1/4/0/1/140134350/acif_overview.pdf.

has declaration date
type: Concept
has in domain: share
definition: indicates a date on which an organization states that a dividend payment may be anticipated, including the the dividend amount and the ex-dividend and payment dates
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
synonym: has announcement date
has in range: ExplicitDate

has subscription period
type: Concept
definition: indicates a period of time in which investors can commit to purchase shares (or units) to be issued
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: DatePeriod

has date insured
type: Concept
definition: date on which insurance became effective
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/nicpubweb/Content/DataDownload/NPW%20Data%20Dictionary.pdf
has in range: ExplicitDate

scheduled calculation period start event
type: Concept
broader: occurrence kind
definition: the start of a specific calculation period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: FpML for CalculationPeriod 'A type defining the parameters used in the calculation of a fixed or floating rate calculation period amount. This type forms part of cashflows representation of a swap stream.'

preferred, enhanced voting, perpetual, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: perpetual preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

sinking fund amortization terms
type: Concept
broader: bond amortization payment terms
definition: terms for the paydown of principal in a sinking fund type of amortizing security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
editorial note: At present there is only a schedule, there should be other terms for what happens on the scheduled dates. Sinking fund may be bullet e.g. x percent over year for y years. SF may be mandatory or contingent on some other economic event.

bond amortization payment terms
type: Concept
broader: bond principal repayment terms
definition: terms that include a schedule for repayment of the principal over the lifetime of the bond, typically in equal payments at regular intervals
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

bond principal repayment terms
type: Concept
broader: principal repayment terms
definition: terms for the repayment of the principal on a bond
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

principal repayment terms
type: Concept
broader: debt terms
definition: contract terms that specify requirements for repayment of the principal
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

sells
type: Concept
has in domain: seller
definition: links a party in the role of broker, dealer, vendor, or merchandiser to something that they make available for sale
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: product

US Treasury bill date
type: Concept
broader: calculated date
definition: auction date for US 13 week and 26 week Treasury bills
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Per FpML notes/definition, this is every Monday except on New York holidays when it will be on a Tuesday.

preferred, enhanced voting, extendable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered

preferred, non-voting, redeemable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

interest calculation schedule
type: Concept
broader: projected contract event schedule
definition: regular, contract-specific schedule including the dates on which interest is calculated
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The dates may be fixed, or relative to the corresponding interest payment date. It may be the same as the payment date, in arrears, or forward looking to the next interest payment.

basket credit default swap
type: Concept
broader: multi-name credit default swap
definition: credit default swap that references a bespoke, synthetic portfolio of underlying assets whose components have been agreed to for a specific OTC derivative by the parties to the transaction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Draft paper on Credit Default Swaps from the Federal Reserve Board, available at https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/files/2022023pap.pdf
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code

has grade
type: Concept
has in domain: oil commodity
definition: The grade of oil e.g. Brent Crude.
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: oil grade

oil commodity
type: Concept
broader: generated resource
definition: generated resource that is a viscous liquid derived from petroleum, including for use as fuel, or as a lubricant, and the manufacture of many types of paints, plastics, and other materials
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

generated resource
type: Concept
broader: negotiable commodity
definition: negotiable commodity obtained via some generation process, including electricity, renewable energy, or any power/energy delivered through a utility network or provider
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10

oil grade
type: Concept
definition: measure of the viscosity of oil during operation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

assignable contract
type: Concept
broader: transferable contract
definition: contract in which contract holder (assignor) may transfer some or all of their rights and obligations to another party (assignee)
example: Many, though not all, futures contracts are assignable. This means that the original contract holder can sell the contract to another party in return for cash, and that party then assumes the rights, responsibilities, and benefits of that contract from that point onwards.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that while the assignor may divest themselves of some rights, that assignment does not necessarily eliminate performance obligations of the assignor to the third party. Characteristics that are important to understand with respect to an assignment include the circumstances in which the assignor remains obligated and any remedies available if the assignor does not perform.

mountain range option
type: Concept
broader: exotic option
definition: exotic option based on multiple underlying securities
example: Mountain range options are named after a series of mountains, each representing a different type of contract. Some of the most common include: (a) Altiplano options: Altiplano options provide investors with the features of both a traditional vanilla option along with a coupon payment, (b) Annapurna options: coupon rates are determined by the performance of the basket's worst-performing security when it drops under a specified range, (c) Everest options: Everest options place a long-term limit on an investor's option while offering a payout based on the lagging performers in the basket, (d) Atlas options: this type of option eliminates both the best - and worst - performing stocks in a basket of securities, and (e) Himalayan options: traders receive a payout based on the basket's best performing stock; payouts are provided on multiple dates.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The price of a mountain range option is based on multiple variables, the most important of which are the correlations between the individual securities in the basket. Some options have discrete payout levels, such as double the investment or triple the investment, if certain performance metrics are hit by the underlying securities while the option is in effect. Mountain range options cannot be priced with standard closed-form approaches. These exotic instruments instead require Monte Carlo simulation methods. Effects such as volatility skew, which is found in most options, can be even more pronounced within mountain range options.
explanatory note: These options blend some of the key characteristics of basket-style or rainbow options—both of which have more than one underlying security or asset—and range options with multiyear time ranges. Prices are based on multiple variables - notably the correlations between the individual securities in the basket.

has credit card network
type: Concept
definition: indicates the underlying network for credit card product
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: credit card network

credit card network
type: Concept
definition: classifier for the network that authorizes, processes, and sets the terms of credit card transactions, as well as transfers payments between shoppers, merchants, and their banks
example: Mastercard, Visa, American Express, Discover
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

interest rate future
type: Concept
broader: financial future
definition: futures contract with an interest-bearing instrument as the underlying asset
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
explanatory note: Most interest rate futures that trade on American exchanges use U.S. Treasury securities, such as Treasury bills, Treasury bonds, certificates of deposit, Treasury notes, and Ginnie Mae securities, as the underlying asset.

has funding source
type: Concept
has in domain: municipal security
definition: indicates the source of funds for a new issue of municipal securities
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: municipal debt source of funds

municipal debt source of funds
type: Concept
definition: official statement identifying the source of funds for a new issue of municipal securities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

sovereign wealth fund
type: Concept
broader: collective investment vehicle
definition: state-owned investment fund that consists of pools of money derived from a country's reserves
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Sovereign wealth funds include the International Monetary Fund, whose corresponding legal entity is a polity.
synonym: social wealth fund
synonym: sovereign investment fund

has vested in it
type: Concept
has in domain: LegallyDelegatedAuthority
broader: has capacity
definition: indicates the delegated legal authority that is vested in the controlling party
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: delegated legal authority

has capacity
type: Concept
has in domain: Party
definition: identifies an individual or organization that has some ability and availability to carry out certain actions, or has certain rights or obligations
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: legal capacity

delegated legal authority
type: Concept
broader: legal capacity
definition: institutionalized and legal power inherent in a particular job, function, or position that is meant to enable its holder to successfully carry out his or her responsibilities, where such power has been delegated through some formal means
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: This specifically means the authority to make legally binding commitments.
explanatory note: This is always accompanied by an equal responsibility for one's actions or a failure to act.

strike leg
type: Concept
broader: fixed leg
definition: swap leg that specifies a fixed amount, 'the strike', quoted at the time of execution
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The fixed amount may be with respect to some variable or a monetary amount. The realization of a strike leg is not a cashflow per se, but a netting out against the terms defined in the other leg of a statistical swap.

fixed leg
type: Concept
broader: swap leg
definition: swap leg whose paying party is obligated to make payments from time to time over the term of a swap calculated by reference to a fixed annual rate or consisting of at least one payment of a fixed amount
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: 2006 ISDA Definitions
adapted from: ISDA Disclosure Annex for Commodity Derivative Transactions. See https://globalmarkets.bnpparibas.com/gm/features/docs/dfdisclosures/ISDA_Commodity_Derivatives_Disclosure_Annex_04_2013.pdf

driver's license identification scheme
type: Concept
definition: system for allocating identifiers to driver's, operating, or non-driver identification documents
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Schemes for driver's license identification are typically regionally defined, and there may be jurisdiction-specific scope required as an additional restriction on a specific scheme.

is controlling party in
type: Concept
has in domain: controlling party
definition: indicates the context of control in which the party plays the role of controlling something
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: control

agent for service of process
type: Concept
broader: registered agent
definition: registered agent (person or organization) designated by a business entity, such as a corporation, to receive legal correspondence on behalf of the business entity in the jurisdiction in which the agent's address is located
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The person may be an officer of the corporation or a third party, such as the corporation's attorney, or a company providing such agency services.

general delivery address
type: Concept
broader: physical address
definition: delivery address that uses the words 'GENERAL DELIVERY', uppercase preferred, spelled out (no abbreviation), in place of a street address
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The value of the +4 component of a ZIP+4 code should be '9999'.

international securities identification numbering scheme
type: Concept
broader: security identification scheme
definition: formal definition of the structure and application of a ISINs as defined in ISO 6166
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ISIN scheme

has relative price at maturity
type: Concept
broader: has price
definition: indicates a relative price with respect to the face value at the time an instrument matures, namely par, discount or premium
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: relative price

relative price
type: Concept
broader: security price
definition: security price specified in comparison with either a stated or market value for a debt instrument at some point in time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

shareholding
type: Concept
broader: financial asset
definition: ownership interest in the equity of a company, represented by shares that confer financial rights and governance privileges
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Shareholding refers to the total ownership a party has in some organization, and determines voting power, dividend entitlement, and exposure to risk.

has overall period
type: Concept
has in domain: schedule
definition: identifies a date period that includes all the dates of a schedule, including any schedule stubs
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has registered agent
type: Concept
definition: identifies a party as one that has the legal, medical or financial capacity to act on behalf of someone else under specific circumstances
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: legal agent

special assessment bond
type: Concept
broader: secured bond
broader: municipal bond
definition: municipal bond used to fund a development project that is payable from the revenues of an assessment (tax) on the community that is intended to benefit from the project
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A special assessment is a charge imposed against a property in a particular locality because that property receives a special benefit by virtue of some public improvement, separate and apart from the general benefit accruing to the public at large. Special assessments may be apportioned according to the value of the benefit received, rather than merely the cost of the improvement.

secured bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
definition: bond that is backed by collateral, such as a tangible asset or income stream, in addition to a general promise to pay
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A secured bond may be collateralized by a claim on real assets, such as a factory or auto fleet; or by a claim on a revenue stream. A secured bond differs from a mortgage in that proceeds of the bond sale aren't used to acquire the asset.

demand deposit account
type: Concept
broader: transaction deposit account
definition: non-interest-bearing deposit account in which deposits are payable immediately on demand, or that are issued with an original maturity or required notice period of less than seven days, or that represent funds for which the depository institution does not reserve the right to require at least seven days' written notice of an intended withdrawal
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: DDA
explanatory note: Demand deposits include any matured time deposits without automatic renewal provisions, unless the deposit agreement provides for the funds to be transferred at maturity to another type of account. Demand deposits do not include: (i) money market deposit accounts (MMDAs) or (ii) NOW accounts.

transaction deposit account
type: Concept
broader: deposit account
definition: deposit account from which the depositor / account holder is permitted to make transfers or withdrawals by negotiable / transferable instruments, payment orders of withdrawal, telephone transfers, and so forth, and that may be accessible via an electronic device such as an automated teller machine (ATM), remote service unit (RSU), mobile device, and by debit card
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Excluded from transaction accounts are savings deposits (both money market deposit accounts (MMDAs) and other savings deposits), even though such deposits permit some third-party transfers. However, an account that otherwise meets the definition of a savings deposit but that authorizes or permits the depositor to exceed the transfer limitations specified for that account shall be reported as a transaction account.

deposit account
type: Concept
broader: investment or deposit account
broader: banking product
definition: account that provides a record of money placed with a depository institution for safekeeping and management
example: Deposit accounts include savings accounts, money market accounts, and transactional accounts, such as demand deposit accounts, among others.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The account holder has the right to withdraw deposited funds, as set forth in the terms and conditions governing the account agreement. Deposit accounts may be insured up to a certain amount, depending on the jurisdiction.

investment or deposit account
type: Concept
broader: account
definition: account associated with a product or service that requires the account holder to provide funds for management by the account provider
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The account holder may or may not be entitled to consideration in exchange for providing such funds, for example, interest, depending on the type of account and the terms and conditions associated with it. Also, there may be fees associated with management services provided by the account provider. Note too that this may be an internal account held on behalf of an institution or a customer account.

banking product
type: Concept
broader: financial product
definition: product provided to consumers and businesses by a depository institution
example: Examples include checking account, savings account, certificate of deposit, debit or pre-paid card, or credit card.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

financial product
type: Concept
broader: product
definition: product provided to consumers and businesses by financial institutions such as banks, insurance companies, brokerage firms, consumer finance companies, and investment companies
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has rate of return
type: Concept
has in domain: financial instrument
definition: indicates the retrospective rate of return for a given financial instrument over some period of time
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: rate of return

bond option
type: Concept
broader: fixed income option
definition: option giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell (depending on whether it is a call or a put) a bond at a certain price on or before a specified date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

fixed income option
type: Concept
broader: vanilla option
broader: debt instrument derivative
definition: option giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to buy (via a call option) or sell (via a put option) the underlying fixed income assets specified at a pre-determined price (i.e., the strike price, fixed or calculated), on or before a specified date (the expiration date)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019.
explanatory note: Fixed income options, or debt options, are derivatives contracts that use bonds or other fixed-income securities as their underlying asset.

card authentication value
type: Concept
broader: magnetic stripe verification code or value
definition: card verification value specifically for JCB payment cards
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CAV
adapted from: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/pci_security/glossary

has observed value
type: Concept
definition: specifies a collection of values over which some analysis is performed
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: For certain calculations, such as certain measures of dispersion, date value pairs are expected as input, in other words, a dated structured collection.
has in range: StructuredCollection

has first par call date
type: Concept
has in domain: call feature
definition: indicates the first date on which the bond may be called at par for redemption
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

preferred, non-voting, redeemable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: participating preferred share
broader: cumulative preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: registered security
broader: non-voting share

property inspection report
type: Concept
broader: assessment report
definition: report covering the findings of a property inspection
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

assessment report
type: Concept
broader: report
definition: report that includes an opinion, judgement, appraisal, or view about something and typically the methodology and raw inputs used to arrive at that opinion
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, redeemable exchangeable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: non-voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

income
type: Concept
broader: monetary amount
definition: revenue received during a period of time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Income includes cash or cash equivalent(s) received during some period of time in exchange for labor or services, from the sale of goods or property, or as receipts from financial investments.

provisions
type: Concept
has in domain: ServiceProvider
definition: customizes, provides, or outfits something required for use in delivering a service
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

mutual savings bank
type: Concept
broader: savings bank
definition: financial institution that accepts deposits primarily from individuals and places a large portion of its funds into mortgage loans
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

negative amortization
type: Concept
broader: amortization
definition: amortization in which the payments made do not cover the interest due
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

governs payment of
type: Concept
has in domain: debt terms
definition: links contractual terms embedded in a contract, such as interest or repayment terms to the element those terms apply to
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

is denominated in
type: Concept
has in domain: financial instrument
broader: has currency
definition: indicates the currency in which the financial instrument was issued
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: currency

edge corporation - banking
type: Concept
broader: depository institution
broader: edge corporation
definition: edge corporation whose charter allows the corporation to engage in international banking
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

preferred, restricted voting, perpetual, participating, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: participating preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: registered security

preferred, restricted voting, exchangeable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

board capacity
type: Concept
broader: delegated legal authority
definition: authority to act in a fiduciary capacity with respect to the organization, including but not limited to determining and executing corporate policy
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

forward rate agreement
type: Concept
broader: interest rate derivative
definition: agreement to exchange an interest rate commitment on a notional amount at a future date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: FRA
explanatory note: The FRA determines the rates to be used along with the termination date and notional value. FRAs are cash-settled with the payment based on the net difference between the interest rate of the contract and the floating rate in the market called the reference rate. The notional amount is not exchanged, but rather a cash amount based on the rate differentials and the notional value of the contract.

weighted average loan age
type: Concept
definition: dollar-weighted average measuring the age of the individual loans in a mortgage pass-through or pooled security
broader: debt pool statistical measure
explanatory note: A weighted average loan age (WALA) may apply to pool-backed securities such as Ginnie Mae or Freddie Mac securities. The WALA is measured as the time in months since the origination of the loans, with the weighting based on each loan's size in proportion to the aggregate total of the pool.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: arithmetic mean
explanatory note: This is defined by the issuer. WALA is more official, not an analysis from a vendor. This changes but the values are relayed by the issuer on an ongoing basis. Investopedia explains Weighted Average Loan Age - WALA The weighted average age will change over time as some mortgages get paid off faster than others. Based on the issuer of the mortgage-backed securities (MBS), the WALA may be weighted on the remaining principal balance dollar figure, or the beginning notional value of the loan. The flip side of the WALA is the weighted average maturity (WAM), which is a dollar-weighted measure of the months remaining until the principal amounts are completely repaid on each loan in the pool.
abbreviation: WALA

real property identifier
type: Concept
definition: unique identifier given to identify a specific real property in some jurisidiction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

privately placed depositary receipt
type: Concept
broader: sponsored depositary receipt
definition: depositary receipt that represents shares in a private placement under the SEC Rule 144-A
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Some foreign companies will set up an ADR program under SEC Rule 144-A. This provision makes the issuance of shares a private placement. Shares of companies registered under Rule 144-A are restricted stock and may only be issued to or traded by qualified institutional buyers (QIBs). U.S. public shareholders are generally not permitted to invest in these ADR programs, and most are held exclusively through the Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation, so there is often very little information on these companies.

regional government
type: Concept
broader: government
definition: administrative body for a geographic area, such as a county, smaller town, or other similar community
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A local government will typically only have control over their specific geographical region, and cannot pass or enforce laws that will affect a wider area. Local governments can elect officials, enact taxes, and do many other things that a national government would do, just on a smaller scale.
synonym: local government

participatory note
type: Concept
broader: tradable debt instrument
broader: depositary receipt
explanatory note: Typically P-Notes are SPVs that are created to allow participation from outside that market. The SPV purchases a security on shore and issues a note that represents that security to offshore investors. They are similar to an ADR but always a debt security.
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
synonym: participation note
definition: tradable debt instrument that facilitates the ownership of securities traded in other jurisdictions
explanatory note: Depository receipts are widely used in order to allow the trading of debt instruments in jurisdictions other than the one where the original debt instruments were issued
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
example: Participation notes are required by investors or hedge funds to invest in Indian securities without having to register with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). P-Notes are among the group of investments considered to be Offshore Derivative Investments (ODIs) in Indian markets.
abbreviation: PN
abbreviation: P-Note

has scheduled unpaid balance
type: Concept
broader: has balance
definition: indicates what the balance should be after a scheduled payment is made according to contract terms
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: balance

has balance
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
definition: relates an account to the net amount of money available in that account
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: balance

balance
type: Concept
broader: monetary amount
definition: amount of money available or owed
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The balance is the net amount after factoring in all debits and credits, including service charges and fees.

preferred, enhanced voting, exchangeable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

statutory body
type: Concept
definition: legal entity established by a government to consider evidence and make judgements in some field of activity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, perpetual, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-participating preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: non-voting share
broader: registered security
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: perpetual preferred share

is provisioned by
type: Concept
definition: identifies the service provider that provisions the service or facility
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ServiceProvider

co-maker
type: Concept
explanatory note: The co-maker's liability is similar to that of an endorser or guarantor, but with additional risk/exposure, as they can be compelled to honor the debt much sooner and regardless of whether certain conditions are met.
definition: party that signs a borrower's promissory note, providing additional security and potentially improving the quality of the debt
synonym: cosigner
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Differences between a co-maker and co-borrower include: (1) a co-maker is not listed on the title of the asset to which the loan applies, (2) a co-maker does not have any legal ownership rights to the asset, and (3) the co-maker does not make regular payments on the loan unless the primary borrower(s) fails to do so.
broader: contract third party
synonym: comaker

has milestone provision
type: Concept
has in domain: agreement
broader: has contractual element
definition: refers to a requirement included in an agreement related to fulfillment as of some point in time in the lifetime of the contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: contract milestone

contract milestone
type: Concept
broader: condition precedent
broader: occurrence kind
definition: classifier for an event (milestone), or set of events related to the status or level of completion of a designated activity, task, or segment of work required for contract fulfillment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Milestones are checkpoints that are predefined in the contract, used to measure progress. They specify tasks, deliverables, or objectives that must be achieved to meet each milestone and may trigger partial payment.

condition precedent
type: Concept
broader: contractual element
definition: stipulation that specifies conditions that must be met before some aspect of a contract takes effect
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: There may also be condition precedents in the ongoing life of a contract, which state that if condition X occurs, event Y will then occur. Condition X is the condition precedent.
explanatory note: Condition precedents are common in wills and trusts. They include events or states of affairs that act as triggers for the contract to come into effect, such as a beneficiary reaching the age of maturity, or death of a trustor, as well as define obligations on a party to the contract, such as those required of a trustee on the death of a trustor.

yield-enhancement product
type: Concept
broader: structured product
definition: structured product that provides a predefined yield in return for a downside risk
example: Well-known yield-enhancement products include reverse convertibles. They provide a predetermined yield per annum in return for the willingness of the investor to absorb downside risk of for example a stock, index, currency-pair or fund. Reverse convertibles come in a broad range of variations (with or without barrier, multiple underlyings and/or callability).
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

value-added producer price index
type: Concept
broader: producer price index
definition: economic indicator representing a weighted average of the input and output producer price indices
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: value-added PPI
adapted from: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/ppi/2010/manual/ppi.pdf

producer price index
type: Concept
broader: economic indicator
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Statistical agencies implement the Laspeyres index by putting it into price-relative (price change from the base period) and revenue-share (from the base period) format. In this form, the Laspeyres index can be written as the sum of base-period revenue shares of the items in the index times their corresponding price relatives. Statistical agency practice has introduced some approximations to the theoretical Laspeyres target due to a number of practical problems with producing the Laspeyres index exactly. For these and other pragmatic reasons, some agencies use alternatives depending on circumstances. See the IMF publication cited for a full explanation of the most commonly used approaches and trade-offs made for determining PPI.
definition: economic indicator representing measure of the rate of change over time in the prices of goods and services bought and sold by producers
adapted from: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/ppi/2010/manual/ppi.pdf
abbreviation: PPI
explanatory note: The standard methodology for a typical PPI is based on a Laspeyres price index with fixed quantities from an earlier base period. The construction of this index can be thought of in terms of selecting a basket of goods and services representative of base-period revenues, valuing this at base-period prices, and then repricing the same basket at current-period prices. The target PPI in this case is defined to be the ratio of these two revenues. Practicing statisticians use this methodology because it has at least three practical advantages. It is easily explained to the public, it can use often expensive and untimely weighting information from the date of the last (or an even earlier) survey or administrative source (rather than requiring sources of data for the current month), and it need not be revised if users accept the Laspeyres premise.

has date added
type: Concept
definition: indicates the date something was included in something else
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

has fixed dividend rate
type: Concept
has in domain: preferred dividend
definition: indicates a pre-arranged fixed dividend rate, typically specified in the prospectus, for a preferred share
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: percentage monetary amount

has exchange rate quotation source
type: Concept
definition: indicates the origin of a quoted exchange rate
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

is lifecycle of
type: Concept
has in domain: lifecycle
definition: relates a lifecycle to something it characterizes
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

legally capable adult
type: Concept
broader: adult
definition: person who has attained the age of majority as defined in some jurisdiction and who is allowed to conduct a business or any other occupation on his or her own behalf or for their own account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

adult
type: Concept
broader: person
definition: person who has attained the age of majority as defined in some jurisdiction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adult

preferred, voting, exchangeable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: cumulative preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: single voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
broader: participating preferred share

chartered legal person
type: Concept
definition: a legal person created by a royal charter or decree
example: Anything with 'Royal Institute' in the name. Also universities are generally set up by royal charter in a monarchy or principality, (often pre-dating any Privy Council i.e. directly be the monarch in the case of older universities). The Bank of England and the British Broadcasting Council (BBC) are also incorporated through Royal Charter.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In a monarchy or principality, the monarch typically vests the power to create such bodies, in an entity called (for example) the Privy Council.

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend

make whole feature
type: Concept
broader: call feature
definition: a call provision allowing the issuer to pay off remaining debt early
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The issuer typically has to make a lump sum payment to the investor derived from a formula based on the net present value (NPV) of future interest or coupon payments that will not be paid incrementally because of the call combined with the principal payment the investor would have received at maturity.
synonym: make whole provision

fixed lookback strike expression
type: Concept
broader: cashflow expression
definition: cashflow expression specifying the arguments required to calculate the fixed price at which the lookback option is to be exercised
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

cashflow expression
type: Concept
definition: expression that specifies a calculation of a cash flow as a component of a cashflow formula
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

non-governmental organization
type: Concept
broader: not for profit organization
definition: not-for-profit organization that functions independently of government
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: NGO
explanatory note: Some NGOs avoid formal funding altogether and are run primarily by volunteers. NGOs are highly diverse groups of organizations engaged in a wide range of activities, and take different forms in different parts of the world. Some may have charitable status, while others may be registered for tax exemption based on recognition of social purposes. Others may be fronts for political, religious, or other interests.
explanatory note: NGOs, sometimes called civil societies, are organized on community, national and international levels to serve specific social or political purposes, and are cooperative, rather than commercial, in nature.

fund holding
type: Concept
broader: financial asset
definition: ownership interest in a fund, which may represented by fund units that confer financial rights and governance privileges
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

protective collar
type: Concept
broader: collar
definition: collar that consists of a covered call and protective put
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A protective collar consists of a long position in the underlying security, a put option purchased to hedge the downside risk on a stock, a call option written on the stock to finance the put purchase.

collar
type: Concept
broader: option trading strategy
definition: option trading strategy that involves buying a downside put and selling an upside call that is implemented to protect against large losses, but which also limits large upside gains
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

swap receiving party
type: Concept
broader: receiving counterparty
broader: swap party
definition: swap party that receives payments for a given leg of the transaction as defined in the contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

receiving counterparty
type: Concept
broader: seller
broader: payee
broader: contract party
definition: party that receives payments in a transaction specified in a contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

payee
type: Concept
broader: obligee
definition: a party to whom a debt should be paid, or to whose order a bill of exchange, note, or check is made payable, or who receives or will receive a payment from a payer in partial or complete fulfillment of an obligation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

swap party
type: Concept
broader: contract party
definition: party to a swap and therefore a legal party to the contract that embodies that transaction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

partnership agreement
type: Concept
broader: organization covering agreement
definition: contract between partners in a partnership that establishes the terms and conditions of the relationship between the partners
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: articles of partnership

product lifecycle
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle
definition: lifecycle specific to a product or product family
example: The product life cycle describes the period of time over which an item is developed, brought to market and eventually removed from the market. The cycle is broken into four stages: introduction, growth, maturity and decline. The idea of the product life cycle is used in marketing to decide when it is appropriate to advertise, reduce prices, explore new markets or create new packaging.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has redemption terms
type: Concept
broader: has contractual element
definition: indicates the specific terms related to redemption as specified in the instrument or a related contract document
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: redemption provision

exempt transaction
type: Concept
broader: securities transaction
definition: securities transaction for which there is no requirement to register the transaction with a regulatory agency
example: Examples include non-issuer transactions in outstanding securities, other isolated non-issuer transactions, certain unsolicited / de minimis transactions, fiduciary transactions, transactions with financial institutions, private placement transactions that meet certain conditions, and so forth.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/exempttransaction.asp

securities transaction
type: Concept
broader: trade
definition: transaction between two or more parties involving the exchange of commonly defined financial products
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 23897:2020, Financial services - Unique transaction identifier (UTI), clause 3.3
synonym: financial transaction

trade
type: Concept
definition: situation that realizes an agreement between parties participating in a voluntary action of buying and selling goods and services
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Deutsche Bank Presentation on the Lifecycle of a Trade, available at http://www.slideshare.net/ahaline/23512555-tradelifecycle
explanatory note: Trading activities typically include (a) regularly underwriting or dealing in securities; interest rate, foreign exchange rate, commodity, equity, and credit derivative contracts; other financial instruments; and other assets for resale, (b) acquiring or taking positions in such items principally for the purpose of selling in the near term or otherwise with the intent to resell in order to profit from short-term price movements, and (c) acquiring or taking positions in such items as an accommodation to customers or for other trading purposes. (Source: Instructions for Preparation of Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income (FFIEC 031 and 041), Schedule RC-D - Trading Assets and Liabilities, 2013.
explanatory note: The advent of money as a medium of exchange has allowed trade to be conducted in a manner that is much simpler and effective compared to earlier forms of trade, such as bartering. In financial markets, trading also can mean performing a transaction that involves the selling and purchasing of a security.
explanatory note: The seller must deliver the commodity sold to the buyer; the buyer must pay the agreed purchase price, which could be in the form of other goods or services, on the agreed date.

preferred, voting, exchangeable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: single voting share
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

debt warrant
type: Concept
broader: warrant
broader: debt instrument derivative
definition: warrant that permits the holder to acquire a specified amount of a debt instrument or related debt observable a specified period at a specified price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

warrant
type: Concept
broader: entitlement
definition: entitlement that permits the holder to purchase a specified amount of a financial instrument, commodity, currency or other asset during a specified period at a specified price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
explanatory note: Warrants are for any kind of instrument. Warrants may be privately issued and may not necessarily be traded on an exchange.

International Money Market (IMM) Canadian Dollar (CAD) trading date rule
type: Concept
broader: trading date rule
definition: trading date rule defined as the last trading day / expiration day of the Canadian Derivatives Exchange (Bourse do Montreal Inc.), three month Bankers' Acceptance Futures (Ticker symbol BAX), the second London banking day prior to the third Wednesday of the contract month
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: IMM CAD trading date rule
explanatory note: If the determined day is a bourse or bank holiday in Toronto or Montreal, the last trading day shall be the previous bank business day, per the Canadian Derivatives Exchange BAX contract specification. The above description implies a Date Roll Rule which is presumably referenced by referring to this rule, so that when this rule is referenced, there would be no Date Roll Rule defined in the FpML message. Semantically, this is still a Date Roll Rule, specifically a "Roll forward" rule with no modification (the third Wednesday of a month will never roll forward to a day in the following month so no Modified rule is required).

exchange-traded fund
type: Concept
broader: open-end investment
definition: investment fund whose fund units are traded on an exchange, much like stocks
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ETF
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019 Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth edition, October 2019
explanatory note: An ETF holds assets such as stocks, commodities, or bonds, and trades close to its net asset value over the course of the trading day. Most ETFs track an index, such as a stock, bond, or commodity index.

open-end investment
type: Concept
broader: managed investment
definition: investment fund that offered through a fund company that sells shares directly to investors
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: open-end fund

distressed ratings downgrade
type: Concept
broader: downgrade
definition: credit event triggered when the credit rating of an obligation is downgraded to a distressed debt level
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

downgrade
type: Concept
broader: credit event
definition: credit event triggered when the credit rating of a party or obligation is lowered
example: On October 17, 2013, Dagong Global Credit Rating downgraded the United States from A to A- and maintained a negative outlook on the country's credit.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: extendable preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered

has ex-dividend date
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
definition: indicates a date on which a stock 'goes ex-dividend', typically about three weeks before the dividend is paid to shareholders of record
synonym: has ex-date
adapted from: https://www.investor.gov/introduction-investing/investing-basics/glossary/ex-dividend-dates-when-are-you-entitled-stock-and
explanatory note: Once the company sets the record date, the ex-dividend date is set based on stock exchange rules. If you purchase a stock on its ex-dividend date or after, you will not receive the next dividend payment.
explanatory note: Shares listed on the New York Stock Exchange go ex-dividend four business days prior to the record date.
has in range: ExplicitDate
synonym: has expected dividend date
has in domain: share

expected value
type: Concept
broader: value
definition: theoretical value that is anticipated based on a model or hypothesis
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Expected values are often calculated using probability distributions. Note that they can be qualitative, however, such as certain ratings.

registration authority code
type: Concept
definition: identifier that uniquely identifies a business registry, and is associated with a registration authority and jurisdiction, issued by the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (GLEIF)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/gleif-registration-authorities-list

collection of security prices
type: Concept
broader: dated structured collection
definition: collection consisting of a series of prices, each of which has a specific date and time associated with it, for some security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that such a collection is of prices that may be quoted or may be established through analysis, such as an average over a number of markets (composite market) or developed via some pricing model (e.g., matrix pricing).

organization name change
type: Concept
note: Name changes may include legal name changes as well as 'doing business as', and other operational names for an organization.
broader: notification
definition: information action that provides details of name changes for a legal entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

input producer price index
type: Concept
broader: producer price index
definition: economic indicator representing measure of the rate of change over time in the prices of inputs of goods and services purchased by the producer
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: input PPI
adapted from: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/ppi/2010/manual/ppi.pdf

has first premium call price
type: Concept
has in domain: call feature
broader: has first call price
definition: specifies the amount of the call on the first call date on which the bond may be called at a price above par as specified in the call schedule
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary price

introducing broker
type: Concept
adapted from: http://www.cftc.gov/IndustryOversight/Intermediaries/index.htm
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Introducing brokers do not accept money, securities, or property (or extend credit in lieu thereof) to margin, guarantee, or secure any trades or contracts that result or may result.
definition: broker that solicits or accepts orders for derivatives that are traded on or subject to the rules of an exchange
abbreviation: IB
broader: non-depository institution
broader: broker

broker
type: Concept
broader: contract third party
definition: any party that acts as an intermediary between a buyer and a seller, usually charging a commission
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: 17 CFR 45.1, Definitions - see the definition of agent
explanatory note: A broker that specializes in stocks, bonds, commodities, or certain derivatives must be registered with the exchange in which the securities are traded.

zero coupon terms
type: Concept
broader: fixed coupon terms
broader: bond amortization payment terms
definition: terms for payment of interest on a zero coupon bond
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

fixed coupon terms
type: Concept
broader: coupon payment terms
definition: terms for payment of interest on a bond with a fixed interest rate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

put premium
type: Concept
broader: monetary price
definition: an amount over par that a debt instrument holder must pay to sell the security early
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

regional sovereignty
type: Concept
broader: polity
definition: legal person that corresponds to an administrative division, administrative unit, administrative entity or country subdivision (or, sometimes, geopolitical division or subnational entity), that has the capacity to incur debt, issue contracts, and enter into relations with other similar entities
example: A country may be divided into provinces, which, in turn, are divided into counties, which, in turn, may be divided in whole or in part into municipalities; and so on.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

future on option
type: Concept
broader: financial future
definition: futures contract whose underlying asset is at least one option contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

contract for difference
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
example: For example, suppose the initial price of share XYZ is $100 and a CFD for 1000 shares is exchanged. Both the buyer and seller must post some margin. If the price goes to $105, then the buyer gets $5,000 from the seller. If the price goes to $95, the buyer pays the seller $5,000. This contract avoids ownership of the stock and all the associated transactions issues (like stamp taxes). The contract also allows for leverage (typically 10:1) because the margin that must be posted is only a fraction of the value of the underlying asset.
definition: cash-settled derivative where the parties agree to exchange on the maturity of the contract the difference between the current value of the underlying asset and the initial value of that asset when the contract is initiated
abbreviation: CFD
synonym: spread trading
adapted from: https://www.nasdaq.com/glossary/c/contract-for-difference
explanatory note: These contracts can also be on the difference of two assets' prices. They can also be on the difference of a single asset of different maturities (like a bond or futures contracts).
broader: derivative instrument
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code

has report date
type: Concept
definition: date on which a report was issued
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

controlling equity
type: Concept
broader: shareholders' equity
definition: shareholders's equity that formally confers control in the entity, either by law or as explicitly stated in a corresponding equity instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

shareholders' equity
type: Concept
broader: owners' equity
definition: equity that is manifested in the form of shares in an entity, fund or structured product
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

account change notification obligation
type: Concept
broader: notification obligation
definition: obligation to notify a counterparty of any changes in account details
example: Example text: "Either party may change its account for receiving a payment or delivery by giving notice to the other party at least five Local Business Days prior to the scheduled date for the payment or delivery to which such change applies unless such other party gives timely notice of a reasonable objection to such change." Note that the notice period is given as a fact about the general kind of obligation which is Master Agreement Change notification Obligation.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

notification obligation
type: Concept
broader: legal obligation
broader: contingent obligation
definition: requirement for one party to formally inform another party (or parties) about specific events, actions, or changes as outlined in the agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Common triggering events include breaches, changes in circumstances, delays, or other kinds of events that may have a material impact on the agreement.

brokerage account
type: Concept
broader: investment account
definition: account offered by a broker that allows the investor to deposit funds and place investment orders
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The investor owns the assets contained in the brokerage account and must usually claim as income any capital gains incurred.

investment account
type: Concept
broader: investment or deposit account
definition: account that provides a record of deposits of funds and/or securities held at a financial institution
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The typical objectives of an investment account are to achieve long term growth, income or capital preservation from the deposited asset portfolio. Investment accounts are typically not insured.

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable extendable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: restricted voting share
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: extendable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
broader: cumulative preferred share

general debt basket
type: Concept
broader: basket of debt instruments
definition: basket of debt instruments that provides additional capacity for potential funding and does not require the proceeds to be used for any particular purpose
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The general debt basket has increasingly become a basket for additional secured debt. Lenders providing funding to companies need to carefully consider whether any previous debt incurred by the company using this basket has reduced the available capacity.

is in force in
type: Concept
has in domain: law
definition: identifies a jurisdiction in which some law has effect
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

interbank offered rate
type: Concept
broader: interbank rate
definition: interbank rate that is the interest rate at which participating banks lend money
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

interbank rate
type: Concept
broader: reference interest rate
definition: reference rate that is the rate of interest charged on short-term loans between banks
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Banks borrow and lend money in the interbank market in order to manage liquidity and meet the requirements placed on them. The interest rate charged depends on the availability of money in the market, on prevailing rates and on the specific terms of the contract, such as term length.

reference interest rate
type: Concept
broader: interest rate
broader: market rate
definition: market rate that is a rate of interest paid by or agreed among some bank or set of banks
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The reference rate is a moving index such as EURIBOR, the prime rate or the rate on benchmark U.S. Treasuries.

approved publication arrangement
type: Concept
adapted from: https://www.esma.europa.eu/press-news/esma-news/esma-identifies-data-reporting-services-providers-be-supervised-directly
synonym: authorized publication arrangement
broader: data reporting services provider
adapted from: https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/approved-publication-arrangement-apa
definition: data reporting services provider that is authorized to provide the service of publishing certain trade reports on behalf of banks, investment firms, or asset management companies
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: authorised publication arrangement
abbreviation: APA
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf

data reporting services provider
type: Concept
adapted from: https://www.esma.europa.eu/press-news/esma-news/esma-identifies-data-reporting-services-providers-be-supervised-directly
broader: market data provider
definition: market data provider and reporting party that reports and/or publishes data on securities transactions, including required regulatory reporting for such transactions, and as such is subject to regulatory supervision
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: reporting party
abbreviation: DRSP
adapted from: https://www.esma.europa.eu/supervision/supervision/data-reporting-services-providers

market data provider
type: Concept
broader: publisher
definition: publisher of data relevant to financial markets
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Market data providers include exchanges and independent data vendors, among others. Market valuation and related control and risk processes typically require explicit documentation of the source for a given market rate, such as an interest rate benchmark, exchange rate, stock prices, and so forth.

publisher
type: Concept
definition: role of person(s) or organization(s) responsible for the printing or distribution of an item, whether in digital or print (physical) form
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10161-1:2014(en), Information and documentation - Open Systems Interconnection - Interlibrary Loan Application Protocol Specification - Part 1: Protocol specification
explanatory note: Publishers may also include banks, government agencies and the like.

reporting party
type: Concept
definition: party providing a report, typically in response to some contractual, legal, regulatory or other business requirement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has share payment status
type: Concept
has in domain: share
definition: indicates the payment status for shares issued
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: share payment status

share payment status
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle status
definition: classifier that specifies the overall payment status for shares issued
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: When a company issues shares upon incorporation or through an initial or secondary issuance, shareholders are required to pay a set amount for those shares. Once the company has received the full amount from shareholders, the shares become fully paid shares.

lifecycle status
type: Concept
definition: classifier indicating the position or state of something at a particular point in its life-cycle
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is interest on
type: Concept
has in domain: interest
definition: links a monetary amount that is the cost of using credit to the debt that it applies to
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

interest
type: Concept
broader: monetary amount
definition: the cost of using credit, or another's money, expressed as a rate per period of time, payable by a debtor to a creditor in consideration of the credit extended to the debtor
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

end-of-day market rate
type: Concept
broader: market rate
definition: value of a given market rate of the end of the business day for a specific date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, restricted voting, extendable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-participating preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security

has guarantor
type: Concept
has in domain: contract
broader: has third party
definition: relates the guarantor to the contract for which they are providing a guaranty
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: guarantor

has third party
type: Concept
has in domain: contract
definition: identifies a party which is not signatory to the party but has some role in the overall context defined by the contract.
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: contract third party

capitalized lease obligation debt basket
type: Concept
broader: basket of debt instruments
definition: basket of debt instruments whose constituents are contracts entitling a renter the temporary use of an asset and, in accounting terms, has asset ownership characteristics
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A capitalized lease obligation basket is increasingly broadly drafted to include indebtedness incurred to finance the purchase, improvement, repair, renewal etc. of property (including the purchase of stock of a person owning such property).

notional step period length
type: Concept
broader: recurrence interval
definition: recurrence interval indicating the frequency with which step changes occur, which is a multiple of the calculation period in the calculation schedule
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

auction rate dividend
type: Concept
broader: preferred dividend
definition: preferred share dividend whose rate is periodically reset through an auction, typically every 7, 14, 28, or 35 days
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

public purpose
type: Concept
broader: objective
definition: objective that reflects values generally thought to be shared by and that is intended to benefit the populace as a whole
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: public interest

has global ultimate parent
type: Concept
broader: has majority controlling party
definition: relates an organization to another recognized as its ultimate parent, if it has one
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: consensus definition of ultimate parent, with the split between domestic and global parent
editorial note: In the case of companies that are subsidiaries of another company that itself has a parent, this identifies the organization at the top of the hierarchy, world-wide. Adapted from consensus definition of Ultimate Parent, now that this is split into national and global parent.
has in range: global ultimate parent

global ultimate parent
type: Concept
broader: total controlling interest party
definition: party that is recognized as the ultimate parent of a given organization world-wide
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

study
type: Concept
definition: analytical activity that investigates a specified area of interest, to determine its characteristics, relationships, constraints, or implications
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Studies involve exploration, analysis, sometimes modeling, and sometimes evaluation, but are not necessarily focused on evaluation and may or may not be criteria-based, which distinguishes it from the concept of an assessment. In a business context, a study might map capabilities, analyze value streams, or model information flows. Only some studies produce an assessment (e.g., capability maturity assessment). A clinical research study may observe, test, or model phenomena, and may or may not result in a clinical or risk assessment. A study conducted as part of a project or larger programme may explore feasibility, options, impacts, or requirements.

agreement corporation - investment
type: Concept
broader: investment bank
broader: agreement corporation
definition: agreement corporation whose charter allows the corporation to engage in international investment banking
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

agreement corporation
type: Concept
broader: financial institution
definition: corporation chartered by a state to engage in international banking, so named because the corporation enters into an 'agreement' with the Fed's Board of Governors that it will limit its activities to those permitted
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

straddle
type: Concept
broader: option trading strategy
definition: neutral option trading strategy that involves simultaneously buying both a put option and a call option for the underlying security with the same strike price and the same expiration date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The strategy is profitable only when the value of the underlier varies (rises or falls) from the strike price by more than the total premium paid.

sells to
type: Concept
has in domain: seller
definition: links a party in the role of broker, dealer, vendor, or merchandiser to a purchaser or potential purchasing party
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: buyer

European Economic Area branch
type: Concept
broader: credit institution
definition: a branch of a credit institution authorised in another European Economic Area (EEA) country that has the right to passport its activities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition origin: http://www.eba.europa.eu/risk-analysis-and-data/credit-institutions-register
synonym: EEA branch

contractual template product
type: Concept
broader: off-the-shelf product
broader: contractual product
definition: contractual product that is finalized through specification of values for parameters defined in a template
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

off-the-shelf product
type: Concept
broader: product
definition: product that is readily available from merchandise in stock, or can be quickly and easily configured to order, not specially designed or custom-made
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: COTS product
synonym: commercially available off-the-shelf product
synonym: commercial off-the-shelf product

contractual product
type: Concept
broader: product
definition: product that takes the form of an agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This represents the case where the product itself is a contract, such as a life insurance policy or financial instrument, rather than a product or service whose terms of use, license to use, or terms of service are specified in a product.

has relative price at redemption
type: Concept
broader: has price
definition: indicates a relative price with respect to the face value at the time an instrument is redeemed, namely par, discount or premium
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: relative price

commercial paper
type: Concept
broader: money market instrument
definition: an unsecured short-term debt instrument typically issued by a bank, corporation, or foreign government to obtain funds to meet short-term debt obligations, such as accounts receivable, inventories, or payroll, backed only by an issuing bank or company promise to pay the face amount on the maturity date specified on the note
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Commercial paper has a very-short to short maturity period (usually, 2 to 30 days, and rarely more than 270 days).

has principal amount
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
broader: has principal
definition: indicates the nominal amount of the loan that must be paid at or before maturity
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

has principal
type: Concept
definition: indicates the face value of an obligation, such as a bond or loan, that must be repaid at maturity, i.e., the base amount raised by a mortgage or other debt instrument
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: principal

principal
type: Concept
definition: with respect to a debt: the value of an obligation, such as a bond or loan, raised and that must be repaid at maturity; for investments: the original amount of money invested, separate from any associated interest, dividends or capital gains
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

principal-only strip
type: Concept
broader: strip
definition: a strip that represents the principal portion of the monthly payments on the underlying debt instrument, such as a bond
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

business day adjustment code
type: Concept
definition: code used to denote a convention for specifying what happens when a date falls on a day that is weekend or holiday in some municipality or business center
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.fpml.org/coding-scheme/business-center

plain vanilla interest rate swap
type: Concept
broader: fixed float single currency interest rate swap
definition: fixed-float single currency interest rate swap in which interest payments are netted, the notional principal does not change, and there are no embedded options
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

fixed float single currency interest rate swap
type: Concept
broader: fixed float interest rate swap
definition: interest rate swap in which fixed interest payments on the notional are exchanged for floating interest payments and where both payment streams are expressed in terms of the same currency
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: fixed-float single-currency interest rate swap

fixed float interest rate swap
type: Concept
broader: interest rate swap
definition: interest rate swap in which fixed interest payments on the notional are exchanged for floating interest payments
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: fixed-float interest rate swap

real estate investment trust
type: Concept
broader: managed investment
definition: investment fund that offers shares/units to the public and invests in real estate directly
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: REIT
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019 Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth edition, October 2019
explanatory note: Real estate investment trusts own, and in most cases operate, income-producing real estate. REITs own many types of commercial real estate, ranging from office and apartment buildings to warehouses, hospitals, shopping centers, hotels and commercial forests. Some REITs engage in financing real estate.

preferred share subscription right
type: Concept
broader: subscription right
definition: subscription right entitling existing preferred shareholders to subscribe to new securities at a price normally lower than the prevailing market price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

motor vehicle lease
type: Concept
broader: lease
definition: lease of a motor vehicle for a fixed period of time at an agreed amount of money
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Motor vehicle leasing is commonly offered by dealers as an alternative to a vehicle purchase but is widely used by businesses as a method of acquiring (or having the use of) vehicles for business use, without the usually needed cash outlay. The key difference in a lease is that after the primary term (usually 2, 3 or 4 years) the vehicle has to either be returned to the leasing company or purchased for the residual value.

end of the month
type: Concept
broader: business recurrence interval
definition: the last day of a calendar month, irrespective of the length of the calendar month
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

business recurrence interval
type: Concept
broader: recurrence interval
definition: recurrence interval that is defined per a specific convention that determines how recurring days should be handled
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

requests
type: Concept
definition: asks for something
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

observed best value
type: Concept
broader: market price
definition: observed value of the underlying asset as of some date during the lookback period that is considered the best value from the perspective of the option holder during the lookback period (depending on whether the option is a call or put)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is linked to account
type: Concept
has in domain: customer account
broader: relates to
definition: connects a given customer account to another customer account
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: customer account

relates to
type: Concept
definition: has a logical or causal connection with
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

joint venture
type: Concept
definition: legal entity that is formed between parties that pool their resources for the purpose of accomplishing a specific task but otherwise retain their distinct identities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In a joint venture, each of the participants is responsible for profits, losses, and costs associated with it. However, the venture is its own entity, separate from the participants' other business interests.

has signing authority for
type: Concept
has in domain: signatory
definition: indicates the party for which a signatory has the ability to sign agreements, access accounts and perform related tasks
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

cashflow formula
type: Concept
broader: formula
definition: formula for determining cashflows for a derivative instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, redeemable extendable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: participating preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: non-voting share

credit index constituent
type: Concept
broader: weighted basket constituent
broader: dated collection constituent
definition: constituent of a basket of credit risks
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, voting, redeemable extendable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

allotment right
type: Concept
broader: entitlement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
broader: equity derivative
explanatory note: Allotment generally means the distribution of equity, particularly shares granted to a participating underwriting firm during an initial public offering (IPO).
synonym: bonus right
definition: privileges allotted to existing security holders, entitling them to receive new securities free of charge

index credit default swap
type: Concept
broader: multi-name credit default swap
definition: credit default swap that references a family of standardized credit derivative indices, where the underlying reference entities are a defined basket of credit from a particular geographic region (e.g. Asia, North America, Europe), and/or credit rating level (e.g. emerging markets, high yield, investment grade)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Draft paper on Credit Default Swaps from the Federal Reserve Board, available at https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/files/2022023pap.pdf
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code
explanatory note: Credit default indices trade in standard maturities, and the reference entities are typically the most liquid; the reference portfolio is reassessed periodically to maintain this.

listed bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
broader: listed security
definition: bond that may be traded on an exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Most exchange traded bonds are corporate bonds (but most corporate bonds are not exchange traded bonds).

listed security
type: Concept
usage note: One can, as appropriate, multiply classify a share as being a common share and listed share, and, in the case whereby multiple securities are issued in different currencies (i.e., there are multiple listed shares corresponding to a given common share that have different identifiers, including more than one ISIN, CUSIP, share class FIGI), multiply classify the listed share individuals as individuals of the same common share.
broader: registered security
definition: registered security listed on at least one exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: exchange-traded security

request activity
type: Concept
broader: occurrence kind
definition: activity in which some party asks another party for something or to do something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

credit card account pool
type: Concept
broader: debt pool
definition: pool of credit card receivables associated with designated accounts
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Credit Card Securitization Manual, available at https://www.fdic.gov/regulations/examinations/credit_card_securitization/ch2.html
explanatory note: In a credit card securitization transaction only the receivables are sold, not the accounts that generate the receivables. The financial institution retains legal ownership of the credit card accounts and can continue to change the terms on the accounts. Accounts corresponding to securitized loans are typically referred to as the designated accounts (or sometimes trust accounts). The initial outstanding balances on the designated accounts are sold to the trust as are the rights to any new charges on the designated accounts. Subsequently, as cardholder purchase activity generates more receivables on the designated accounts, these new receivables are purchased by the trust from the originating institution/seller/transferor. The trust uses the monthly principal payments received from the cardholders to acquire these new charges or receivables. When the securitization is initially set up, the originating institution/seller adds sufficient receivables to support the principal balance of the certificates plus an additional amount (seller's interest) that serves to absorb fluctuations in the outstanding balance of the receivables. The originating institution/seller will make subsequent additions to the trust in order to keep the seller's interest at the required level.

has affiliate
type: Concept
has in domain: LegalEntity
broader: is controlled party of
definition: has a party which directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with the company
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: affiliate

board membership
type: Concept
broader: control
definition: situation relating an individual member of the board of directors to the organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

controlling alliance
type: Concept
broader: group
definition: group that has formed some alliance to jointly exercise control over some entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
editorial note: The types of entity which may enter into such an alliance are the same types of entity as may exercise control in their own right, i.e. independent parties (that is a logical union of natural persons, legal persons and formal organizations).

group
type: Concept
definition: collection of agents (people, organizations, software agents, etc.) that are considered as a unit
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

tribal entity
type: Concept
broader: polity
definition: legal entity that represents fundamental unit of sovereign tribal (indigenous) government
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Any indigenous group or community which is recognized as having rights and obligations independent of the central government.

company law
type: Concept
broader: statute law
definition: legislation under which the formation, registration or incorporation, governance, and dissolution of a firm is administered and controlled
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: corporate law

statute law
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: law
definition: law enacted by a legislature
explanatory note: Statutes may originate with national, state legislatures or local municipalities. Statutory laws are subordinate to the higher constitutional laws of the land.
explanatory note: In the United States, statutes may also be called acts, such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Federal laws must be passed by both houses of Congress, the House of Representative and the Senate, and then usually require approval from the president before they can take effect.
alternative label: statutory law
adapted from: https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/statute

tax allocation bond
type: Concept
broader: secured bond
broader: municipal bond
definition: bond payable from the incremental increase in tax revenues realized from any increase in property value and other economic activity, often designed to capture the economic benefit resulting from a bond financing
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Tax increment bonds, also known as tax allocation bonds, often are used to finance the redevelopment of blighted areas.

preferred, enhanced voting, extendable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

variable interest entity share
type: Concept
broader: share
definition: share that certifies ownership of a contractual right to a percentage of a company's profits
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Unlike a traditional stock certificate, the VIE share provides a legal proprietary interest in a completely separate company's assets, sometimes referred to as a shell company. The contractual right certified by the VIE share is derived from a contract between (1) the company named on the VIE share and (2) the shell company. In other words, VIE shareholders only have a traditional stock certificate in the completely separate shell company, which is entitled to a percentage of the named company's profits via a private contract.
synonym: VIE share

North American Industry Classification System scheme
type: Concept
broader: industry sector classification scheme
definition: the scheme defining the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Codes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is the standard used by Federal statistical agencies in classifying business establishments for the purpose of collecting, analyzing, and publishing statistical data related to the U.S. business economy. NAICS was developed under the auspices of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), and adopted in 1997 to replace the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. It was developed jointly by the U.S. Economic Classification Policy Committee (ECPC), Statistics Canada and Mexico's Instituto Nacional Estadistica y Geografia, to allow for a high level of comparability in business statistics among the North American countries.

inflation rate
type: Concept
broader: economic indicator
definition: economic indicator representing a change in prices of goods and services for a specified period, for a given statistical area
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Inflation rate can be used to define changes, from period-to-period, in wage (wage inflation), house prices or producer inputs/outputs. It can be calculated month-over-month and quarter-over-quarter, as well as year-over-year, or on any periodic basis required by the publisher and its community of interest.
editorial note: Always either includes or excludes: Energy prices; Food prices. ALL inflation rates cite whether or not they exclude energy and food prices. If nothing stated it is assumed they include them.

fixed basket population
type: Concept
broader: statistical universe
definition: statistical universe consisting of specific goods and/or services designed for the purposes of supporting surveys such as those used as the basis for price indices
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/ppi/2010/manual/ppi.pdf
synonym: goods and services population
synonym: goods and/or services population

trade lifecycle occurrence
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle occurrence
definition: realization of the lifecycle for a specific trade
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

issues
type: Concept
definition: officially makes something available
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

American statistics publisher
type: Concept
broader: statistical information publisher
definition: statistical information publisher comprised of the government agencies and departments that publish statistical information on behalf of the U.S. Federal Government
example: Examples of American statistical information publishers include the Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis (Commerce), Census Bureau (Commerce), Bureau of Labor Statistics (Labor), Department of the Treasury, and the Federal Reserve Board, among others.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

statistical information publisher
type: Concept
broader: publisher
definition: publisher that packages and makes analytical and statistical data available
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

weighted average life
type: Concept
explanatory note: Average life is calculated using the weighted average time to the receipt of all future cash flows of an amortizing loan or amortizing bond. it's the average time until a dollar of principal is repaid.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: average life
abbreviation: WAL
broader: arithmetic mean
explanatory note: The time weightings used in weighted average life calculations are based on payments to the principal. In many loans, such as mortgages, each payment consists of payments to principal and payments to interest. In WAL, only the principal payments are considered and these payments tend to get larger over time, with early payments of a mortgage going mostly to interest, while payments made towards the end of the loan are applied mostly to the principal balance of the loan.
definition: weighted average of the times of the principal repayments Average life is calculated using the weighted average time to the receipt of all future cash flows.
explanatory note: Where it refers to pre-payment above, if the bond does not include prepayment then this is not included. However, analytics that refer to this e.g. Yield to Average Life, then this figure is relevant. It is not relevant for other types of bond where e.g. you would use yield to next call, yield to worst etc. Average Life used in place of Maturity for Yield Calculation. This is not only used for Yield calculations though. It is referred to as an analytic figure in its own right. Average Life uses one of a number of standard pre-payment models (for structured finance at least). For MBS, the average life includes some calculations to take account of pre-payments on the underlying mortgages. This takes account of the possibillity of borrowers paying early. This has to be modeled or forecast (not given) as it's a function of market conditions and interest rate. You would not see this in a market data feed. When you model MBS you calculate Average Life as part of the model i.e. you estimate the percentage of prepayment in the next x length of time and factor this into the Average Life. Refers to Weighted Average Time to receipt of future cash flows. For MBS, early payments will shorten the Average Life. For Student Loans, Credit Card, Loan etc, i.e. all Pool Backed (any bond that has securitized debt). Other bonds: Sinking Funds etc., also Early Payment - partial Call for a corporate / regular bond. Early Payment for pass through has the same effect. Sinking Fund: Each payment is part principal and part interest, this is implicit in the overall definition of "Early payment".
broader: debt pool statistical measure

has last delivery date
type: Concept
has in domain: settlement terms
definition: specifies the final date in a range of dates by which the underlying asset (or some portion thereof) must be delivered in order for the terms of the contract to be fulfilled
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

loan credit default swap
type: Concept
broader: credit default swap
definition: credit default swap whose underlying reference obligation is limited strictly to syndicated secured loans, rather than any type of corporate debt
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: LCDS

adjusted closing price
type: Concept
broader: closing price
definition: amended closing price to reflect a security's value after accounting for any corporate actions, such as stock splits, dividends, and rights offerings
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A particularly dramatic change in price occurs when a company announces a stock split. When the change is made, the price displayed will immediately reflect the split. For example, if a company splits its stock 2-for-1, the last closing price will be cut in half. That's the adjusted closing price.

closing price
type: Concept
broader: market price
definition: cash value of the last transacted price before the market closes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

entity legal form registry
type: Concept
definition: registry for registering and maintaining information about the legal forms that are valid for business entities for a particular jurisdiction following the ISO 20275 standard
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ELF registry
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/code-lists/iso-20275-entity-legal-forms-code-list

agency agreement
type: Concept
broader: written contract
definition: agreement that designates a party as a registered agent to represent and act on behalf of another party in some, typically legal, financial, or medical capacity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

qualified dividend
type: Concept
broader: dividend
definition: dividend that falls under capital gains tax rates that are lower than the income tax rates on unqualified (ordinary) dividends
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

barrier discount certificate
type: Concept
note: Due to the barrier, the probability of maximum redemption is higher; the discount, however, is smaller than for a discount certificate. If the barrier is breached the product changes into a discount certificate. Barrier discount certificates have reduced risk compared to direct investment in the underlying assets, with limited profit potential (Cap). With higher risk levels multiple underlying assets (worst-of) allow for higher discounts or a lower barrier.
broader: participation certificate
broader: structured finance without principal protection
definition: participation certificate that enables the investor to acquire the underlying asset at a lower price in return for a limited payout, and for which the maximum redemption amount (Cap) is paid out if the barrier is never breached
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.4.8

Research, Statistics, Supervision and Regulation, and Discount and Credit identifier
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider identifier
definition: unique identifier assigned by the Federal Reserve to financial institutions for regulatory and oversight purposes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: RSSD ID
adapted from: https://cdr.ffiec.gov/CDR/Public/CDRHelp/FAQs1205.htm#FAQ16
synonym: ID_RSSD

has card verification code
type: Concept
has in domain: payment card
definition: links a credit card to either: (1) magnetic-stripe data, or (2) printed security features that are used to protect data integrity and limit alteration, counterfeiting and fraud generally
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: card verification code or value

pool constituent
type: Concept
definition: component of a pool
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A pool may consist of almost anything brought together for some purpose. It differs from a less formal collection in that there are typically facts defined about the members of the pool and potentially regarding the proportions of those members in the pool. Pool membership may change over time, and certain facts about the pool may also vary over time. However, the basic nature of something as a member of the pool is static while that membership holds.

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: participating preferred share
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: extendable preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: cumulative preferred share

internal auditor
type: Concept
broader: auditor
broader: employee
definition: employee who is qualified and authorized to review and verify the accuracy of financial records and evaluate internal controls and compliance
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

auditor
type: Concept
definition: party qualified and authorized to review and verify the accuracy of financial records and ensure that companies comply with tax laws
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: An auditor is authorized to audit one or more specific organizations, i.e., by the authorizing party indicated by the situation.
explanatory note: An auditor may be an internal auditor - an individual whose primary job function is to audit his or her own company, or an external auditor - an individual from outside the company, who typically is employed by an auditing firm who handles many different clients.

has exercise style
type: Concept
has in domain: option
definition: indicates the exercise convention specified for the option
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: exercise convention

exercise convention
type: Concept
broader: convention
definition: convention that determines when the holder or future holder of an option can implement the rights defined in the option
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

credit event notice
type: Concept
definition: irrevocable written or verbal notice that states that a triggering event has occurred
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Notices of certain kinds of credit events are required as a condition of a credit default swap. Such notices are sent from a notifying party (either the buyer or the seller) to the counterparty. They provide information that assists the contract parties in determining whether a triggering credit event has occurred.

escrow agent
type: Concept
broader: contract third party
broader: registered agent
definition: third party that holds an asset or funds before they are formally transferred from one party to another party, per the terms of a contract, within some specified time period and/or when a triggering event occurs
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Use of an escrow agent is one possible mechanism that may be used in some cases, as specified in a credit default swap contract, for delivery purposes.

preferred, voting, extendable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

private warrant
type: Concept
broader: warrant
broader: non-negotiable security
definition: warrant that is not tradable
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has reference currency
type: Concept
broader: has currency
definition: relates something to the currency it is based on
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: currency

output producer price index
type: Concept
broader: producer price index
definition: economic indicator representing measure of the rate of change over time in the prices of products sold as they leave the producer
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: output PPI
adapted from: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/ppi/2010/manual/ppi.pdf

preferred, voting, perpetual, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

systematic internaliser
type: Concept
definition: investment firm that, on an organised, frequent, systematic and substantial basis, deals on its own account by executing client orders outside a regulated exchange, MTF or OTF without operating a multilateral system
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: SI
adapted from: https://www.emissions-euets.com/systematic-internaliser
broader: exchange
preferred label: systematic internalizer
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf

ad hoc schedule entry
type: Concept
usage note: The cmns-dt;hasDate property may be used to reify a date, if it is important to do so for a given application, or if not and typically, the inherited cmns-dt;hasObservedDateTime property may be used together with a cmns-dt;CombinedDateTime value, as long as the resulting schedule is consistent in using one or the other.
usage note: The Date of an AdHocScheduleEntry can be an ExplicitDate or any kind of CalculatedDate, such as: * An OccurrenceBasedDate -- a Date that itself is defined by an Occurrence (see the Occurrences ontology) * A RelativeDate - a Date relative to another Date, such as T+3 * A SpecifiedDate - a Date that is defined by an arbitrary rule
usage note: Other ontologies can extend AdHocScheduleEntry as needed. In particular, the Occurrences ontology extends AdHocScheduleEntry to consist of occurrences (events) of a given OccurrenceKind. The meaning is that an ad hoc schedule entry comprises a date and an event which is scheduled to occur on that date.
broader: dated collection constituent
definition: entry, including a date or date and time, among multiple non-regularly-recurring entries in a schedule
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

registered multilateral trading facility
type: Concept
broader: multilateral trading facility
definition: multilateral system operated by an investment firm or market operator, which brings together multiple third-party buying and selling interests in financial instruments in the system, in accordance with non-discretionary rules, in a way that results in a contract in accordance with the provisions of Title II of the MiFID II
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

multilateral trading facility
type: Concept
broader: alternative trading system
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: trading system that facilitates the exchange of financial instruments between multiple parties
explanatory note: Multilateral trading facilities allow eligible contract participants to gather and transfer a variety of securities, especially instruments that may not have an official market. These facilities are often electronic systems controlled by approved market operators or larger investment banks. Traders will usually submit orders electronically, where a matching software engine is used to pair buyers with sellers.
abbreviation: MTF
adapted from: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/multilateral_trading_facility.asp

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable extendable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

combined instruments subscription right
type: Concept
broader: subscription right
definition: subscription right entitling existing holders of multiple securities to subscribe to new securities at a price normally lower than the prevailing market price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

private equity fund
type: Concept
broader: private fund
definition: investment fund used for making investments in various equity (and to a lesser extent debt) securities according to an investment strategy associated with private equity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: PE fund
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019 Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth edition, October 2019
explanatory note: Private equity funds are typically structured as limited partnerships or limited liability companies, wherein investors are limited partners, and the fund is managed by one or more general partners. It is composed of investors and funds that invest directly in private companies, or that engage in buyouts of public companies, resulting in the delisting of the public equity.

preferred, enhanced voting, exchangeable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: cumulative preferred share

has age of majority
type: Concept
broader: has age
definition: relates someone to the age required to attain the capacity to engage in certain transactions or be treated legally as an adult in some jurisdiction
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: age of majority

has age
type: Concept
definition: relates something to the length of time it has existed
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Duration

age of majority
type: Concept
broader: legal age
definition: age at which someone acquires the rights and responsibilities of an adult in some jurisdiction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

legal age
type: Concept
broader: age
definition: age at which someone acquires the capacity to do something that they were prohibited from doing before under the law in some jurisdiction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

age
type: Concept
definition: length of time that something or someone has been alive or existed
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

private student loan
type: Concept
broader: regulated student loan
broader: student loan
definition: student loan that is not considered a government-backed / regulated loan
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

regulated student loan
type: Concept
broader: student loan
definition: student loan (1) whose lender is a government agency or instrumentality, and/or (2) that is treated uniquely due to tax regulations
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In the United States, certain student loans survive bankruptcy and are subject to additional tax regulations that do not apply to other kinds of loans.

student loan
type: Concept
broader: loan
definition: loan provided for the purposes of education, allowing students and parents/guardians to borrow money for college
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Student loans may include loans for graduate and professional education. Student loans may be obtained from government institutions, from private sources such as a bank or financial institution, or from other organizations.

has initial exchange date
type: Concept
definition: indicates the specific date when the initial exchange of assets or funds takes place
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
abbreviation: IED
explanatory note: For a credit agreement, this is the initial funding date, such as the funding of the principal amount, or a portion thereof, but for other kinds of instruments, it may be something else. In the context of contracts related to swaps, options, or other derivative instruments, the initial exchange date marks the point where the parties legally commit to the terms of the agreement and exchange the initial required amounts.
has in range: ExplicitDate

commercial credit card agreement
type: Concept
broader: credit card agreement
definition: credit card agreement for a card issued to, or in conjunction with, a formal organization, such as a small business, middle market business, local, state, or national government, or large corporation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.fdic.gov/regulations/examinations/credit_card/pdf_version/ch2.pdf
explanatory note: Corporate card programs come in more than one form to serve different business needs. In general, they are contractual agreements between a sponsoring entity and a financial institution, in which the financial institution issues corporate cards to select employees of the sponsoring company.
synonym: corporate credit card agreement

has posting date
type: Concept
definition: indicates the date that the transaction was posted to the account
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: posting date

posting date
type: Concept
definition: date that determines in which posting period a document or journal entry is added to an account record
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

contractually capable entity
type: Concept
definition: a unique entity that is legally or financially responsible for the performance of financial transactions, or has the legal right in its jurisdiction to enter independently into legal contracts, regardless of whether it is incorporated or constituted in some other way (e.g. trust, partnership, contractual). This excludes natural persons, but includes governmental organizations and supranationals.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 17442

highway contract address
type: Concept
broader: physical address
definition: delivery address whose delivery address line uses the abbreviation 'HC', followed by the route identifier, followed by 'BOX' followed by box number, in place of a street address
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

green project
type: Concept
broader: environmental project
definition: project that contributes to environmental sustainability by addressing climate change, conserving natural resources, reducing pollution, or promoting ecological balance
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Loan Market Association (LMA) Green Loan Principles, available at https://www.icmagroup.org/assets/documents/Regulatory/Green-Bonds/LMA_Green_Loan_Principles_Booklet-220318.pdf.
explanatory note: The borrower must demonstrate that the project meets predefined eligibility criteria for green financing. These criteria are usually aligned with the taxonomy or standards set forth by the Green Loan Principles, the EU Taxonomy for Sustainable Activities, or other regional or international guidelines.
example: Examples include: renewable energy projects (e.g., solar, wind, hydroelectric power), green buildings certified by recognized standards (e.g., LEED, BREEAM), sustainable water and wastewater management systems, pollution reduction technologies and systems, sustainable forestry and agriculture initiatives, circular economy projects, such as recycling or waste-to-energy facilities, low-carbon transportation infrastructure (e.g., electric vehicle charging stations, public transit projects), and the like.
explanatory note: To qualify as a green project within a green loan: (a) the project must meet use-of-proceeds requirements, meaning that funds must be exclusively allocated to activities that qualify as green, (b) the borrower must establish clear processes for evaluating and selecting eligible projects, (c) there must be transparency in how funds are managed and allocated, often verified through audits or certifications, and (d) the borrower must report regularly on the environmental impact of the project, typically through measurable metrics (e.g., tons of CO₂ avoided, energy saved).
adapted from: https://www.lma.eu.com/application/files/8916/9755/2443/Green_Loan_Principles_23_February_2023.pdf
explanatory note: Green projects must align with established green finance principles, such as the Green Loan Principles (GLP) issued by the Loan Market Association (LMA), or other recognized sustainability frameworks.
adapted from: https://www.prince2.com/usa/blog/project-vs-programme

preferred, non-voting, redeemable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, restricted voting, extendable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: restricted voting share
broader: non-participating preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: registered security
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend

revenue bond
type: Concept
broader: secured bond
broader: municipal bond
definition: municipal bond supported by the revenue from a specific project
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Revenue bonds are municipal bonds that finance income-producing projects, such as toll bridges, highways, or local stadiums, and are secured by a specified revenue source. Typically, revenue bonds can be issued by any government agency or fund that is managed in the manner of a business, such as entities having both operating revenues and expenses.

has value expressed in
type: Concept
broader: has currency
definition: relates something, such as an instrument or index, to the currency its value is typically expressed in
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: This should be the same currency that was declared at the time of issuance.
has in range: currency

preferred, restricted voting, extendable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend

interest rate authority
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider
broader: publisher
definition: financial service provider/publisher responsible for specifying some benchmark interest rate
example: This is typically a bank, central bank in the case of the publication of bank interest rates, or the committee responsible for publishing interbank rates, such as EURIBOR.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

exempt offering
type: Concept
broader: public offering
definition: public offering involving securities that are excused from certain regulatory reporting requirements
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.investopedia.com/exam-guide/series-66/regulation-of-securities/exempt-securities.asp
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014.
explanatory note: Such an offering may be considered exempt either because the issuer is exempt or the transaction specific to the offering is exempt.

public offering
type: Concept
broader: securities offering
definition: offering of securities for sale to the investment public, after compliance with registration requirements of the relevant regulatory authorities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014.
explanatory note: In the US, public offerings generally require approval of the Securities Exchange Commission and/or relevant state regulators, unless the issuer is an exempt issuer, and are usually conducted by an investment banker or a syndicate made up of several investment bankers, at a price agreed upon between the issuer and the investment bankers.

common, voting, unrestricted, nil paid, registered share
type: Concept
definition: common share that confers exactly one vote per share, is unrestricted from a sales perspective, is nil paid and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: single voting share
broader: common share
broader: registered security
broader: nil paid share
broader: unrestricted share

home equity line of credit pool
type: Concept
broader: debt pool
definition: debt pool consisting of home equity loans
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

edge corporation - domestic branch
type: Concept
broader: branch
definition: branch of an edge corporation that is located in the United States
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

is implemented by
type: Concept
definition: indicates something that is carried out, incorporated or put into effect by
example: A regulation may be implemented by or more corporate policies. Such policies, in turn, may be implemented via various systems, executed by humans and/or automation, that can be audited for compliance purposes.
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has citizenship
type: Concept
has in domain: person
definition: links a person to their country of citizenship
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Country

realized variable leg
type: Concept
broader: performance-based variable leg
definition: performance-based leg wherein the payment is netted at maturity rather than periodically
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In this case there is a single payment at maturity/settlement and so there is no stream of cashflows either way. The other leg of these swaps is implied, and is simply the strike price.

customer identifier
type: Concept
broader: party role identifier
definition: sequence of characters uniquely identifying a customer within the context of some organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

highway contract route address
type: Concept
broader: supplemental address component
definition: mail route outside the city or township limits in a rural area associated with an address
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

involves controlled thing
type: Concept
has in domain: control
definition: indicates something controlled in the context of a control situation
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlled thing

has initial interest accrual date
type: Concept
definition: the date from which interest begins to accrue
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
synonym: has dated date
has in range: Date

has time direction
type: Concept
definition: indicates whether a calendar-specified date is figured from the beginning or end of a calendar period
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: time direction

time direction
type: Concept
definition: enumeration that indicates whether a calendar-specified date is figured from the start or the end of a calendar period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

local operating unit
type: Concept
definition: registrar that is authorized by the Global LEI Foundation to issue legal entity identifiers
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: LOU
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1
explanatory note: LOUs supply registration, renewal and other services, and act as the primary interface for legal entities wishing to obtain an LEI.

debit card product
type: Concept
broader: card product
definition: card product card typically provided by a depository institution allowing the holder to transfer money electronically to another account when making a purchase
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

card product
type: Concept
broader: financial product
definition: financial product involving the issuance of credit, debit, or other payment cards
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

mixed basket
type: Concept
broader: dated structured collection
broader: weighted basket
definition: basket that has a mix of constituents, including securities and indices
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable exchangeable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend

has calculated market value
type: Concept
has in domain: option
broader: has price
definition: indicates a calculated price as of some relative date considered the market value of the option at that point in time
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
synonym: has premium
has in range: option premium

option premium
type: Concept
broader: market price
definition: current market price of an option contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The option premium is the income received by the seller (writer) of an option contract to another party. In-the-money option premiums are composed of two factors: intrinsic and extrinsic value. Out-of-the-money options' premiums consist solely of extrinsic value. For stock options, the premium is quoted as a dollar amount per share, and most contracts represent the commitment of 100 shares.

preferred, non-voting, extendable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has strike percentage amount
type: Concept
broader: has price
definition: indicates a strike price or level expressed as a percentage of the value of the underlying asset
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: percentage monetary amount

trader
type: Concept
definition: party that engages in the transfer of financial assets in any financial market on behalf of a client or the financial services provider
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

power of attorney
type: Concept
broader: legal capacity
definition: legal authorization given by one party (the principal) to another (the agent or attorney-in-fact) to perform certain acts on the principal's behalf
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The appointment can be effective immediately or if the principal is unable to make decisions or perform certain actions on their own. It may be a (1) general power of attorney that authorizes the agent to act generally on behalf of the principal, such as to transfer funds from one account to another, pay debts, make investments, and so forth, or (2) limited to a specific act or situation, such as for management of an individual's finances in a single account, such as a brokerage account, or for management of healthcare. Decisions made and actions taken by an attorney in fact (within the scope of his or her authority) are legally binding on the principal.

preferred, non-voting, perpetual, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

contribution debt basket
type: Concept
broader: basket of debt instruments
definition: basket of debt instruments that allows a company to incur an amount of indebtedness that is equal to (or in top tier sponsor transactions in the U.S., up to two times) the amount of equity contributed to the group
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In U.S. law, a non-guarantor debt basket is a shared basket in an amount not to exceed the greater of $150,000,000 and 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period at any time outstanding that may be used for (A) the incurrence of certain Indebtedness by Restricted Subsidiaries that are not Loan Parties under Sections 6.01(a)(xii), 6.01(a)(xix) and 6.01(a)(xx) and (B) Secured Cash Management Obligations of any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party.
explanatory note: A non-guarantor debt basket is often also permitted to be secured by assets of a subsidiary other than the issuer/borrower or guarantors.

has loan balance
type: Concept
broader: has outstanding amount
broader: has balance
definition: indicates the balance with respect to the principal on the loan as of some date
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has outstanding amount
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
definition: indicates an amount of money representing the principal, interest, or other amount owed at a specific point in time
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

is evaluated by
type: Concept
definition: is ascertained or determined by
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

interest rate floor option
type: Concept
broader: interest rate option
definition: interest rate derivative in which the buyer receives payments at the end of each period in which the interest rate is below the agreed strike price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

new housing sector
type: Concept
broader: industry sector classifier
definition: a classifier for a sector of the economy used for price indices focused on contractors' selling prices of new residential houses, where detailed specifications pertaining to each house remain the same between two consecutive periods
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2SV.pl

local firm
type: Concept
broader: brokerage firm
broader: credit institution / investment firm
definition: a firm dealing for its own account on markets in financial futures or options or other derivatives and on cash markets for the sole purpose of hedging positions on derivatives markets, or dealing for the accounts of other members of those markets and being guaranteed by clearing members of the same markets, where responsibility for ensuring the performance of contracts entered into by such a firm is assumed by clearing members of the same markets
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/

brokerage firm
type: Concept
definition: firm in the business of buying and selling securities, operating as both a broker and a dealer, depending on the transaction
adapted from: https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/gfdr/gfdr-2016/background/nonbank-financial-institution
synonym: market maker
broader: non-depository institution
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The term broker-dealer is used in U.S. securities regulation parlance to describe stock brokerages, because most of them act as both agents and principals. A brokerage acts as a broker (or agent) when it executes orders on behalf of clients, whereas it acts as a dealer (or principal) when it trades for its own account.
definition origin: Office of Financial Research (OFR) Annual Report, 2012, Glossary
broader: broker-dealer

broker-dealer
type: Concept
broader: functional entity
definition: any party in the business of buying and selling securities, operating as both a broker and a dealer, depending on the transaction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Office of Financial Research (OFR) Annual Report, 2012, Glossary

long mini-future certificate
type: Concept
broader: mini-future certificate
definition: mini-future certificate that typically entitles the holder to acquire specific underlying assets during a specified period at a specified price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

is owed by
type: Concept
has in domain: debt
definition: links a debt to the party that owes it
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: debtor

foreign exchange master agreement
type: Concept
broader: master agreement
definition: product-specific master agreement intended to reflect best market practice and to provide a standard agreement for participants in the foreign exchange markets
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The International Foreign Exchange Master Agreement (IFEMA) was published jointly by the British Bankers' Association and The Foreign Exchange Committee of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York in 1993 (an amended version was published in 1995). Foreign exchange settlement netting provisions are specified in such master agreements.
explanatory note: The Foreign Exchange Committee of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York has approved and authorized publication of the Foreign Exchange and Options Master Agreement to cover foreign exchange spot and forward transactions as well as currency options.
synonym: FX master agreement

module
type: Concept
definition: classifier used to indicate a category used to modularize something based on principles of the model driven architecture methodology (MDA), including but not limited to separation of concerns, coherence, and establishing clear logical boundaries in order to increase reusability and maintainability
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A module should be designed to reflect these principles, including a small number of models that have well-defined relationships with one another, that form a coherent and cohesive whole for some purpose, and that have clear boundaries or interfaces to other modules.

international non-bank subsidiary of a domestic entity
type: Concept
broader: non-bank subsidiary of a domestic entity
definition: non-bank financial service provider based outside of the United States of which 25 percent or more of whose voting shares are owned or controlled by an entity that is based in the United States, or of which a majority of its directors are controlled by such domestic entity, or of which 25 percent or more of whose voting shares are held by trustees for the benefit of the shareholders or members of such domestic entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

non-bank subsidiary of a domestic entity
type: Concept
broader: subsidiary of a domestic entity
definition: non-bank entity of which 25 percent or more of whose voting shares are owned or controlled by an entity that is based in the United States, or of which a majority of its directors are controlled by such domestic entity, or of which 25 percent or more of whose voting shares are held by trustees for the benefit of the shareholders or members of such domestic entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

subsidiary of a domestic entity
type: Concept
broader: subsidiary
definition: entity of which 25 percent or more of whose voting shares are owned or controlled by an entity that is based in the United States, or of which a majority of its directors are controlled by such domestic entity, or of which 25 percent or more of whose voting shares are held by trustees for the benefit of the shareholders or members of such domestic entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 defines a 'Subsidiary', with respect to a specified bank holding company, means (1) any company 25 per centum or more of whose voting shares (excluding shares owned by the United States or by any company wholly owned by the United States) is owned or controlled by such bank holding company; or (2) any company the election of a majority of whose directors is controlled in any manner by such bank holding company; or (3) any company 25 per centum or more of whose voting shares are held by trustees for the benefit of the shareholders or members of such bank holding company.
explanatory note: From the perspective of the International Banking Act of 1978, the definition of subsidiary is the definition from the Bank Holding Act of 1956. Thus, the meaining of the term 'subsidiary' with respect to the NIC repository and, specifically, with respect to the definition of an 'international non-bank subsidiary of a domestic entity', is the definition from the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956.

has market capitalization value
type: Concept
has in domain: market capitalization
broader: has monetary amount
definition: indicates the monetary amount representing the market capitalization of some issuer as of some date
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

market capitalization
type: Concept
definition: expression representing the perceived value of a company as determined by the stock market at a specific point in time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: market cap

call notification provision
type: Concept
broader: notification provision
definition: provision of a call feature defining notification requirements
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

notification provision
type: Concept
broader: redemption provision
definition: provision of a redemption feature defining notification requirements
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

settlement convention
type: Concept
broader: convention
definition: convention employed to determine the closing date (from the stated settlement date) in the process of settling a transaction on which securities or interests in securities are delivered, usually against (in simultaneous exchange for) payment of some consideration
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This is often stated in the form 'T+n' where n is the number of business days from the specified settlement date (T).

lookback option
type: Concept
broader: exotic option
definition: exotic option that minimizes the uncertainties related to the timing of market entry, providing the holder the advantage of knowing history when determining when to exercise their option
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019.
explanatory note: Lookback options are cash settled options, which means the holder receives a cash settlement at execution based on the most advantageous differential between high and low prices during the purchase period. Sellers of lookback options would price the option at or near the widest expected distance of price differential based on past volatility and demand for the options. The cost to purchase this option would be taken up front. The settlement will equate to the profits they could have made from buying or selling the underlying asset. If the settlement was greater than the initial cost of the option, then the option buyer would have profit at settlement, otherwise loss.
explanatory note: As a type of exotic option, the lookback allows the user to 'look back,' or review, the prices of an underlying asset over the lifespan of the option after it has been purchased. The holder may then exercise the option based on the most beneficial price of the underlying asset. The holder can take advantage of the widest differential between the strike price and the price of the underlying asset. Lookback options do not trade on major exchanges. Instead, they are unlisted and trade over-the-counter (OTC). This type of option reduces uncertainties associated with the timing of market entry and reduces the chances the option will expire worthlessly. Lookback options are expensive to execute, so these advantages come at a cost.

North American Industry Classification System code
type: Concept
broader: industry sector classifier
definition: the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code representing an industry
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: NAICS code

currency basket
type: Concept
note: A currency basket functions as a benchmark for regional currency movements; its composition and weighting depends on its purpose.
definition: selected group of currencies, in which the weighted average is used as a measure of the value or the amount of an obligation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition origin: Codes for the representation of currencies and funds, ISO 4217, Eighth edition, 2015-08-01, section 3.2

repurchase agreement
type: Concept
broader: money market instrument
definition: agreement between two parties whereby one party lends the other a security at a specified price with a commitment to take the security back at a later date for another specified price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: REPO
explanatory note: Most repos are overnight transactions, with the sale taking place one day and being reversed the next day. Long-term repos - called term repos - can extend for a month or more. Usually, repos are for a fixed period of time, but open-ended deals are also possible. Reverse repo is a term used to describe the opposite side of a repo transaction. The party who sells and later repurchases a security is said to perform a repo. The other party - who purchases and later resells the security - is said to perform a reverse repo. While a repo functions like the sale and subsequent repurchase of a security, but the legal reality and the economic effect is that of a secured loan. This is a loan as the original owner retains the rights to the cashflows of the underlying security. Economically, the party purchasing the security makes funds available to the seller and holds the security as collateral. If the repurchased security pays a dividend, coupon or partial redemptions during the repo, the funds are returned to the original owner. The difference between the sale and repurchase prices paid for the security represent interest on the loan. Indeed, repos are quoted as interest rates. A repo always pays interest at maturity, i.e. there are no periodic interest payments.

individual investor
type: Concept
broader: investor
definition: investor that is a person, rather than an organization, who may or may not be considered a qualified investor from a legal perspective
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has remarketing agent
type: Concept
has in domain: municipal security
broader: has third party
definition: identifies the dealer responsible for reselling to investors securities (such as variable rate demand obligations and other tender option bonds) that have been tendered for purchase by their owner.
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: municipal debt remarketing agent

municipal debt remarketing agent
type: Concept
broader: dealer
broader: contract third party
definition: municipal securities dealer responsible for reselling to investors securities (such as variable rate demand obligations and other tender option bonds) that have been tendered for purchase by their owner
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The remarketing agent also typically is responsible for resetting the interest rate for a variable rate issue and may act as tender agent.

daily average market rate
type: Concept
broader: market rate
definition: overall level of a given rate, calculated as the sum of some selected observed values of the rates for a particular reference rate, foreign exchange rate, lending rate, or other market rate divided by the number of samples collected over the course of a twenty-four (24) hour period for a specific date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/marketaverage.asp

has original place of listing
type: Concept
definition: indicates the original exchange that listed the security
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: exchange

preferred, voting, perpetual, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: perpetual preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: registered security
broader: participating preferred share
broader: single voting share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization
type: Concept
definition: measure of potential cash flow that excludes the effects of capital structure, taxes and non-cash expenses
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: EBITDA
explanatory note: EBITDA is often used as a proxy for cash flow, as it shows how much cash a company can generate from its core operations. However, EBITDA has some limitations, such as ignoring the cost of maintaining and replacing capital assets, and being susceptible to manipulation by excluding certain expenses.
explanatory note: By stripping out the non-cash depreciation and amortization expense as well as taxes and debt costs dependent on the capital structure, EBITDA attempts to represent cash profit generated by the company's operations. EBITDA is not a metric recognized under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). Some public companies report EBITDA in their quarterly results along with adjusted EBITDA figures typically excluding additional costs, such as stock-based compensation.

has principal managing party
type: Concept
has in domain: controlled party
broader: has controlling organization member
definition: indicates a controlling party that is responsible for the management of daily business operations
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: principal party

has controlling organization member
type: Concept
has in domain: controlled party
broader: has controlling party
definition: relates a controlled party to a controlling member of the organization
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: OrganizationMember

principal party
type: Concept
broader: signatory
definition: controlling party that is responsible for the management of daily business operations of an organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, voting, redeemable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: single voting share

operating-level market
type: Concept
broader: exchange
definition: exchange/market/trade reporting facility in a specific market/country
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10383, Securities and related financial instruments - Codes for exchanges and market identification (MIC), Third edition, 2012-10-01, confirmed 2018-03-29, clause 2.1
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf

preferred, restricted voting, exchangeable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: restricted voting share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: cumulative preferred share

has rating
type: Concept
definition: indicates the rating assigned to a thing based on a grade or score according to a particular rating scale
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: rating

rating
type: Concept
broader: opinion
definition: standing of something at a particular time, indicated by at least one scores with respect to some scale, based on an assessment by some party
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

opinion
type: Concept
definition: judgement, appraisal, or view about something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

fixed rate dividend
type: Concept
broader: preferred dividend
definition: dividend that provides a specified annual return on the nominal value (and any premium) paid on shares
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In other words, the return is not variable depending on whether or not the company makes a profit. Annual dividends are calculated as a percentage of the par value, which is the price of the preferred stock at the time it was issued. Most preferred shares have fixed rate dividends.

fertilizer resource
type: Concept
broader: negotiable commodity
definition: negotiable commodity that includes ammonia, diammonium phosphate (DAP), potash, sulphur, urea, urea and ammonium nitrate (UAN)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10

clearing bank
type: Concept
broader: clearing house
broader: commercial bank
definition: commercial bank that facilitates payment and settlement of financial transactions, such as check clearing or facilitating trades between the sellers and buyers of securities or other financial instruments or contracts
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition origin: Office of Financial Research (OFR) Annual Report, 2012, Glossary

commercial bank
type: Concept
broader: bank
definition: depository institution that engages in various financial services, such as accepting deposits and making loans
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A commercial bank is a financial institution that is owned by stockholders, operates for a profit, and engages in various lending activities. Commercial banks provide services, such as accepting deposits, giving business loans and auto loans, mortgage lending, and basic investment products like savings accounts and certificates of deposit.
explanatory note: The traditional commercial bank is a brick and mortar institution with tellers, safe deposit boxes, vaults and ATMs. However, some commercial banks do not have any physical branches and require consumers to complete all transactions by phone or Internet. In exchange, they generally pay higher interest rates on investments and deposits, and charge lower fees.

has managing member
type: Concept
broader: has controlling organization member
definition: indicates a managing member in a controlling role of a limited liability company that has responsibility for the day-to-day business operations
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: managing member

managing member
type: Concept
broader: limited liability company member
broader: principal party
definition: owner of an interest in a limited liability company who also runs the day-to-day business operations
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

limited liability company member
type: Concept
broader: de jure controlling interest party
broader: entity controlling party
broader: entity owner
definition: owner of an interest in a limited liability company
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, exchangeable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: non-voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: cumulative preferred share

has maturity date
type: Concept
definition: indicates the date on which the principal amount of an instrument is due to be repaid to the investor and interest or coupon payments stop, and/or the date on which the instrument may be redeemed
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Maturity dates typically apply to debt instruments, such as notes, drafts, bonds, and other loans, but may also apply to preferred shares and other financial instruments.
has in range: ExplicitDate

equity volatility swap
type: Concept
broader: dispersion swap
broader: equity swap
definition: dispersion swap that is a forward contract on the variability of movements in the price of its underlying equities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15
explanatory note: An equity volatility swap is a measure of the amount by which an asset's price is expected to fluctuate over a given period of time; it is normally measured by the annual standard deviation of daily price changes.

energy transmission rights
type: Concept
broader: energy resource
definition: rights to the transmission of power across an electricity distribution network
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

common, restricted voting, restricted, partly paid, registered share
type: Concept
broader: partially paid share
broader: common share
definition: common share that confers less than one vote per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is partially paid and is registered
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: restricted share
broader: restricted voting share

is listed via
type: Concept
has in domain: listed security
definition: identifies the service responsible for listing the security
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: listing

listing
type: Concept
broader: security registry entry
definition: catalog entry for a securities offering managed by an exchange that provides the terms under which that security is made available on that exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: market listing

float float single currency interest rate swap
type: Concept
broader: float float interest rate swap
definition: interest rate swap that exchanges cashflows based on two different floating interest rates in the same currency
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: float-float single-currency interest rate swap

float float interest rate swap
type: Concept
definition: interest rate swap that exchanges cashflows based on two different floating interest rates
synonym: basis rate swap
adapted from: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/basisrateswap.asp
synonym: float-float interest rate swap
broader: basis swap
broader: interest rate swap
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This is a swap in which two parties swap variable interest rates based on different money markets, and this is usually done to limit interest-rate risk that a company faces as a result of having differing lending and borrowing rates.

basis swap
type: Concept
broader: rates swap
definition: swap in which payment streams are referenced to different bases
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A basis swap can have two legs of the same tenor but different indices, e.g., 3 month LIBOR vs. 3 month TIBOR. The difference in this case is not driven by different interest rate periods but from different markets, i.e., the difference in efficiency between the two markets. The objective is to hedge against basis risk which is the difference in price between two markets. See also forward swap, as a means for controlling interest rate.

option premium formula
type: Concept
definition: expression used to calculate the premium based either on the price per option or percentage of the notional amount
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

European depositary receipt
type: Concept
broader: global depositary receipt
definition: global depositary receipt that represents ownership in the securities of a non-European company that trades in European financial markets
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: EDR
explanatory note: A European depositary receipt is a European equivalent of the original American depositary receipt (ADR). The EDR is issued by a bank in Europe representing securities traded on an exchange outside of the bank's home country.

global depositary receipt
type: Concept
broader: depositary receipt
definition: depositary receipt where a certificate issued by a depositary bank, which purchases securities of foreign companies, creates a security on a local exchange backed by those securities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: GDR
explanatory note: Global depositary receipts are the global equivalent of the original American depositary receipts (ADR) on which they are based. GDRs represent ownership of an underlying number of securities of a foreign company and are commonly used to invest in companies from developing or emerging markets by investors in developed markets.
synonym: international depositary receipt

basket future
type: Concept
broader: financial future
definition: futures contract whose underlying asset is a basket of securities and/or indices
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

has effective date time stamp
type: Concept
definition: indicates the date and time, including time zone, something comes into force
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: DateTimeStamp

off-market facility
type: Concept
broader: exchange
definition: facility used for reporting over-the-counter (OTC) and other direct trades that are not executed by the exchange but are reported through the exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: off-facility
synonym: off-book

deliverable asset
type: Concept
broader: asset
definition: asset that must be delivered as a part of the process of settling a credit default swap
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: If the reference obligation is a bond, the deliverable asset (obligation) may be a different bond. If it is a loan, the deliverable asset may involve assigment of a loan.

has mailing address
type: Concept
has in domain: Party
broader: has address
definition: identifies a physical address where an independent party can receive communications, including letters and packages
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: physical address

convertible preferred share
type: Concept
broader: convertible security
broader: preferred share
definition: preferred share that includes an option for the holder to convert the shares into a fixed number of common shares after a predetermined date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Most convertible preferred stock is exchanged at the request of the shareholder, but sometimes there is a provision that allows the company, or issuer, to force conversion. The value of a convertible preferred stock is ultimately based on the performance of the common stock.

preferred, restricted voting, perpetual, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: restricted voting share
broader: perpetual preferred share

bid ask spread
type: Concept
broader: price spread
definition: difference between an offer (ask) price and a bid price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

price spread
type: Concept
broader: difference
definition: difference between two prices
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has extension provision
type: Concept
has in domain: contract
broader: has contractual element
definition: specifies the details of a contract provision allowing extension of some aspect of the contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Typically a contract extension refers to the termination date, coverage period, or, in the case of a security, may refer to extension of repayment or maturity dates.
has in range: extension provision

extension provision
type: Concept
broader: contractual commitment
definition: contract terms that specify the conditions under which a contract can be extended
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In the case of a debt instrument, an extension may include extending the time allowed for repayment of the principal, the maturity date, and so forth.

uninsured state agency of foreign banking organization
type: Concept
broader: state agency of foreign banking organization
definition: agency of a foreign bank established and operating under the laws of any state that is not insured or regulated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-275/pdf/COMPS-275.pdf
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

state agency of foreign banking organization
type: Concept
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: agency of a foreign bank established and operating under the laws of any state, where state means any State of the United States or the District of Columbia
adapted from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2021-title12/pdf/USCODE-2021-title12-chap32-sec3101.pdf
adapted from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-275/pdf/COMPS-275.pdf
broader: agency of a foreign banking organization
adapted from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21

agency of a foreign banking organization
type: Concept
adapted from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-275/pdf/COMPS-275.pdf
adapted from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes
definition: place of business of a foreign bank, located in any state, at which credit balances are maintained, checks are paid, money is lent, or, to the extent not prohibited by state or federal law, deposits are accepted from a person or entity that is not a citizen or resident of the United States
explanatory note: Obligations shall not be considered credit balances unless they are: (1) Incidental to, or arise out of the exercise of, other lawful banking powers; (2) To serve a specific purpose; (3) Not solicited from the general public; (4) Not used to pay routine operating expenses in the United States such as salaries, rent, or taxes; (5) Withdrawn within a reasonable period of time after the specific purpose for which they were placed has been accomplished; and (6) Drawn upon in a manner reasonable in relation to the size and nature of the account.
broader: financial institution
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

maturity level
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle stage
definition: classifier used to indicate the state of an artifact with respect to its development lifecycle
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: FIBO currently has three maturity levels: Informative, Provisional, and Release.

has exercise date
type: Concept
definition: indicates a date on which an option may be exercised as specified in the terms of the contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

has electronic mail address
type: Concept
broader: has address
definition: specifies an electronic messaging endpoint at which some entity may be located or contacted or may receive correspondence
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
abbreviation: has e-mail address
abbreviation: has email address
has in range: electronic mail address

electronic mail address
type: Concept
broader: virtual address
definition: virtual address that defines an electronic messaging endpoint to which email messages can be delivered, typically via an Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) based communications system
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: email address
abbreviation: e-mail address
explanatory note: Electronic mail, abbreviated e-mail or email, is a method of composing, sending, and receiving messages over electronic communication systems. The term e-mail applies both to the Internet e-mail system based on the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) and to intranet systems allowing users within one company or organization to send messages to each other. Often these workgroup collaboration systems natively use non-standard protocols but have some form of gateway to allow them to send and receive Internet e-mail. Some organizations may use the Internet protocols for internal e-mail service.

virtual address
type: Concept
broader: address
definition: address identifying a virtual, i.e. non-physical, location
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has last coupon payment date
type: Concept
has in domain: coupon payment terms
definition: specifies the final date on which the issuer expects to make a final coupon payment
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: The last coupon date sometimes occurs at an irregular time; that is, if the bond pays coupons every six months, the last coupon period may be longer or shorter than six months.
has in range: ExplicitDate

common, enhanced voting, restricted, fully-paid, registered share
type: Concept
broader: fully paid share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: common share that confers multiple votes per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is fully paid and is registered
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: restricted share
broader: registered security
broader: common share

fully paid share
type: Concept
broader: share
definition: share whose payment status indicates that no additional money is owed to the company by shareholders on the value of the shares
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

deliverable obligation seller
type: Concept
broader: seller
broader: contract party
definition: contract party that is obliged to sell a deliverable obligation (asset) if a triggering event occurs, depending on the event and the contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

retractable preferred share with extendable maturity date
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with fixed maturity date
broader: retractable preferred share
definition: retractable preferred share with a fixed maturity date whose issuer and/or holders have the option to extend the maturity date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred share with fixed maturity date
type: Concept
broader: preferred share
definition: preferred share whose maturity date is set, typically according to the terms of the prospectus
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

programme name
type: Concept
definition: contextual designation for a program within the context in which that program is administered
preferred label: program name
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

financial record
type: Concept
definition: record of financial information
example: Financial records include accounts, agreements, trading books, etc.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

transition use of proceeds provision
type: Concept
broader: use of proceeds provision
definition: use of proceeds provision specifying that funds obtained through financing, such as through a credit agreement, offering, warrant, or other instrument are intended to be used to fund specific projects, investments, or operational changes that support a company's transition toward sustainability
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

use of proceeds provision
type: Concept
broader: contractual commitment
definition: contract provision specifying how funds obtained through financing, such as through a credit agreement, offering, warrant, or other instrument are intended to be used
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Examples include for working capital and corporate expenses, for the purchase or upgrades to facilities and/or equipment, and so forth.

has generating entity
type: Concept
broader: generates
definition: specifies a legal entity that generates something
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: LegalEntity

generates
type: Concept
definition: produces through the application of one or more mathematical or logical steps or rules
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

preferred, non-voting, redeemable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: non-participating preferred share

enterprise
type: Concept
broader: functional business entity
broader: institutional unit
definition: functional business entity that produces and/or sells goods or services
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/glossary.htm#E
explanatory note: An enterprise (a private firm, government, or nonprofit organization) can consist of a single establishment or multiple establishments. All establishments in an enterprise may be classified in one industry (e.g., a chain), or they may be classified in different industries (e.g., a conglomerate).

future on future
type: Concept
broader: financial future
definition: futures contract whose underlying asset is at least one (other) futures contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

has partial redemption allocation convention
type: Concept
has in domain: partial call feature
definition: indicates the convention used to determine how the redemption is allocated over the set of bond holders
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: partial redemption allocation convention

partial call feature
type: Concept
broader: call feature
definition: call feature whereby the issuer can recall part of the issue on scheduled dates, where bonds are selected to be called according to some rule, or by selecting various bonds at random
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

partial redemption allocation convention
type: Concept
broader: convention
definition: convention used to determine how the partial call will be actioned with respect to bond selection
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

market segment-level market
type: Concept
definition: section of an exchange/market/trade reporting facility that specialises in one or more specific instruments or that is regulated differently
broader: exchange
note: It is not required to have a MIC registered for all segments of a market, only for those segments that need to be identified.
example: Dark pool
adapted from: ISO 10383, Securities and related financial instruments - Codes for exchanges and market identification (MIC), Third edition, 2012-10-01, confirmed 2018-03-29, clause 2.2
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf
note: A market segment MIC can only be registered if an operating/exchange MIC already exists.

best efforts offering
type: Concept
broader: securities offering
definition: securities offering whereby investment bankers commit to doing their best to sell the securities offered, but do not assume the full risk of an underwriter
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014.
explanatory note: In a best efforts offering, the agreement is strictly an agency arrangement, with no obligation on the part of the agent to purchase the securities. They act as a broker, in other words.

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable exchangeable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

management company
type: Concept
broader: investment company
definition: investment company that sells and manages a portfolio of securities other than a face-amount certificate company or unit investment fund
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition origin: Section 4, definition of investment companies, Investment Company Act of 1940 as amended and approved as of 3 January 2012, see https://www.sec.gov/about/laws/ica40.pdf
explanatory note: Management companies allow investors to pool their capital with that of other investors in order to purchase professionally-managed groups of diversified securities.

investment company
type: Concept
broader: non-depository institution
definition: any issuer which: (a) is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting, or trading in securities; (b) is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of issuing face-amount certificates of the installment type, or has been engaged in such business and has any such certificate outstanding; or (c) is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding, or trading in securities, and owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40 per centum of the value of such issuer's total assets (exclusive of Government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition origin: Section 3a of the Investment Company Act of 1940 as amended in January, 2012, https://www.sec.gov/about/laws/ica40.pdf
explanatory note: In the US, all investment company offerings are subject to the Securities Act of 1933, which requires the investment company to register with the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) and to give all purchasers a prospectus. Investment companies are also subject to the Investment Company Act of 1940, which sets forth guidelines on how investment companies must operate.
explanatory note: An investment company is organized as either a corporation or as a trust. Individual investors' money is then pooled together in a single account and used to purchase securities that will have the greatest chance of helping the investment company reach its objectives. All investors jointly own the portfolio that is created through these pooled funds, and each investor has an undivided interest in the securities.

administrative agent
type: Concept
broader: syndicate member
definition: role of a financial institution (often one of the primary lenders in the syndicate) designated to act as an intermediary between the borrowers and the syndicate lenders
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: An administrative agent is designated by the syndicate and granted the authority to disburse funds, collect payments, monitor compliance and act as the communications intermediary with the borrower on behalf of the syndicate. This coordination role is crucial to ensuring that lenders' rights and oblications are properly coordinated and to streamline operations. Their authority and the scope of what they can do is explicitly stated in the loan agreement, and does not allow unilateral decision making with respect to the terms of the loan.

rural route address
type: Concept
broader: physical address
definition: delivery address whose delivery address line uses the abbreviation 'RR', followed by the route identifier, followed by 'BOX' followed by box number, in place of a street address
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

payroll service
type: Concept
broader: financial service
definition: financial service, typically provided to small businesses that are not large enough to have an internal finance organization, that involves managing payment of wages to employees
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Payroll services typically include printing of employee pay checks, direct deposit of wages to employee bank accounts, calculation and withholding of employee taxes, calculation and payment of corporate payroll taxes and fees with appropriate government authorities (such as Social Security in the US), filing government quarterly and annual reports, and so forth. They may also include management of retirement and savings plans, health benefits, timekeeping, automated integration with the business' accounting system, etc.

credit card asset-backed security
type: Concept
broader: asset-backed security
definition: asset-backed security based on credit card receivables
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Credit Card Securitization Manual, available at https://www.fdic.gov/regulations/examinations/credit_card_securitization/ch2.html
explanatory note: Credit card securitizations currently represent the primary funding vehicle for unsecured revolving consumer credit. Similar to mortgage and other asset securitizations, the financial institution that originates the credit card receivables sells a group of these receivables to a trust. The trust then creates and sells certificates backed by the credit card receivables to investors, which are predominately institutional investors. Very few credit card ABS are marketed to retail customers, primarily due to the complex nature of the transactions and the need to continually monitor various performance indices on the underlying receivables. The underlying credit card receivables generate income to support the interest payments on the certificates.

market identifier code registry entry
type: Concept
definition: entry in a market identifier code registry that conforms to ISO 10383
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: MIC registry entry
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/10383/iso-10383-market-identifier-codes

swap confirmation
type: Concept
broader: transaction confirmation
broader: swap lifecycle event
definition: formal confirmation that codifies the terms and conditions specific to a lifecycle event with respect to the overall transaction between the parties
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

transaction confirmation
type: Concept
definition: written communication from a seller or service provider reciting the relevant details of a transaction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

credit enhancement beneficiary
type: Concept
broader: counterparty
broader: beneficiary
definition: party that benefits from the collateral or guarantee established under the agreement, i.e., that is protected against counterparty credit risk because the collateral or guarantee serves as security for the obligation(s) owed to them
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is amortization of
type: Concept
has in domain: amortization
definition: links the process of reduction of debt or other costs through periodic charges to the relevant asset or liability
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has director
type: Concept
has in domain: controlled party
broader: has controlling party
definition: indicates a member of the board of directors of the organization
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: board member

finance syndicate
type: Concept
broader: syndicate
definition: group of financial institutions or lenders that collectively agree to provide funding for a large loan to a single borrower
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Syndicates are formed to enable the provision of substantial financing amounts that would be challenging or risky for any one lender to offer alone. The syndicate structure allows lenders to share the loan amount, spreading both the funding and associated risks among multiple participants.

syndicate
type: Concept
definition: temporary, self-organizing group of people, companies, corporations or entities organized as an alliance whose purpose is to transact some specific business, or to pursue or promote a shared interest
example: For example, when a group of investment banks work together to bring a new issue of securities to the market, they form a distributing syndicate. Other types of syndicates are created for underwriting, banking, and insurance.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A syndicate is a temporary alliance formed by people or businesses to handle a large transaction that would be hard to execute individually. Syndication makes it easy for businesses to pool their resources and share risks.

installment default
type: Concept
broader: default event
definition: default event involving non-payment of several installment payments as scheduled in the terms of the agreement, or non-payment of a call by the beneficial owner
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The latter may result in a court action by the issuer or the sale of the securities to recover costs and/or a forfeit of partially paid securities.

preferred, voting, redeemable exchangeable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

embodies
type: Concept
definition: is an expression of, gives a tangible or visible form to (an idea, quality, or feeling), makes concrete and perceptible
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

investment-based de facto controlling interest party
type: Concept
broader: investor
broader: de facto controlling interest party
definition: party that holds investment-based control over some other party
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

addresses
type: Concept
broader: involves
definition: deals with, handles, or gives attention to
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has primary account number
type: Concept
has in domain: payment card
definition: specifies the account number displayed on the face of the card
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
editorial note: modeled independently of 'identifies' in order to circumvent circular reasoning challenges
has in range: primary card account number

primary card account number
type: Concept
broader: account identifier
definition: composite identifier of 14 or 16 digits embossed on a bank or payment card and encoded in the card's magnetic strip
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: PAN
explanatory note: The PAN identifies the issuer of the card and the account including part of the account number, and contains a check digit that verifies the authenticity of the embossed account number.
synonym: primary account number

has minimum legal working age
type: Concept
broader: has age
definition: relates someone to the minimum legal working age for the jurisdiction in which they reside
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: legal working age

legal working age
type: Concept
broader: legal age
definition: age at which someone acquires the capacity to work legally in some jurisdiction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is managing member of
type: Concept
has in domain: managing member
broader: is controlling member of
definition: indicates the controlled limited liability company that the managing member runs
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

is controlling member of
type: Concept
has in domain: OrganizationMember
broader: is party controlling
definition: identifies a controlled organization over which the member has some measure of control
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlled party

fund holder
type: Concept
broader: beneficial owner
broader: counterparty
definition: party that owns units in or a percentage of and has rights and responsibilities with respect to some fund, provided in exchange for investment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that in some cases the concept of 'fund holder' may be synonymous with shareholder, but not all.

beneficial owner
type: Concept
broader: owner
explanatory note: The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) defines a 'beneficial owner' as (1) a single individual with significant responsibility to control, manage or direct a legal entity customer, or (2) each individual, if any, who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, owns 25 percent or more of the equity interests of a legal entity customer; if a trust owns directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, 25 percent or more of the equity interests of a legal entity customer, the beneficial owner is the trustee.
adapted from: https://www.fincen.gov/resources/statutes-regulations/guidance/guidance-obtaining-and-retaining-beneficial-ownership
explanatory note: Use of a nominee (who may be an agent, custodian, or a trustee) does not change the position regarding tax reporting and tax liability, and the beneficial owner remains responsible.
definition: party that enjoys the benefits of ownership (such as receipt of income) of something even though its ownership (title) may be in the name of another party (called a nominee or registered owner)
explanatory note: The Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering (FATF) refers to a 'beneficial owner' as the natural person(s) who ultimately owns or controls a legal entity and/or the natural person on whose behalf a transaction is being conducted. It also includes those persons who exercise ultimate effective control over a legal person or arrangement.
adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beneficial_ownership#Financial_Action_Task_Force_on_Money_Laundering_(FATF)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ncua.gov/regulation-supervision/letters-credit-unions-other-guidance/beneficial-ownership-requirements-legal-entity-customers-overview
explanatory note: From World Bank Report: In identifying the beneficial owner, the focus should be on two factors: the control exercised and the benefit derived. Control of a corporate vehicle will always depend on context, as control can be exercised in many different ways, including through ownership, contractually or informally.

common, restricted voting, unrestricted, partly paid, registered share
type: Concept
broader: partially paid share
broader: registered security
broader: common share
definition: common share that confers less than one vote per share, is unrestricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is partially paid and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: restricted voting share
broader: unrestricted share

bond bullet principal repayment terms
type: Concept
broader: bond principal repayment terms
definition: terms for repayment of the principal for a bond as a single payment covering the whole principal amount
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

holds shares in
type: Concept
has in domain: shareholder
definition: specifies the issuer in which a shareholder holds an equity position
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: issuer

issuer
type: Concept
broader: contract principal
definition: role of a party that issues (or proposes to issue in a formal filing) one or more financial instruments
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended 12 August 2012
explanatory note: With respect to certificates of deposit for securities, voting-trust certificates, or collateral- trust certificates, or with respect to certificates of interest or shares in an unincorporated investment trust not having a board of directors or of the fixed, restricted management, or unit type, the term issuer means the person or persons performing the acts and assuming the duties of depositor or manager pursuant to the provisions of the trust or other agreement or instrument under which such securities are issued; and except that with respect to equipment-trust certificates or like securities, the term issuer means the person by whom the equipment or property is, or is to be, used.
explanatory note: An issuer can be any legal person, including a legally competent natural person, company, government, or political subdivision, agency, or instrumentality of a government, depending on the nature of the instrument. A person might provide a loan directly to another party, but most instruments are issued by legal entities.

contract principal
type: Concept
broader: contract party
definition: party that originates a contract and is identified as the first party to that contract, in the event that the contract distinguishes any party as such
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The principal to a contract is typically the originator and, in the case of a security, the issuer. In law, the principal is the party that has the primary responsibility in a liability or obligation, as opposed to an endorser, guarantor, or surety.

has employed party
type: Concept
has in domain: employment
definition: identifies the employee in an employment situation
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: employee

employment
type: Concept
definition: situation representing the state of being employed, i.e., the relationship that holds between an employer and employee for some period of time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: This definition does not include workers in contingent arrangements, such as independent contractors, leased employees, temporary employees, on-call workers, and others that do not have a direct contractual relationship with the employer. The distinction is important for legal reasons, particularly for regulatory reporting with respect to responsible parties such as corporate officers, lending officers, others authorized or licensed to perform certain tasks, and traders, for example.
explanatory note: In the broadest sense, employment is the situation in which someone is fully engaged in doing something that they want to do. From a FIBO perspective, however, employment is understood to be more specific. It is the relationship between two parties, evidenced by an implicit or explicit contract, in which work is compensated and in which one party, a legal person, typically a formal organization, acts as the employer and the other, typically a legally capable natural person, as the employee.

early termination provision
type: Concept
broader: termination provision
definition: termination of an agreement for any reason prior to its expiration date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Early termination date refers to the date set within an agreement for the parties to exercise the option to terminate the contract prior to its original expiration, typically subject to predefined terms such as notice periods or specific conditions. Early termination may be automatically triggered by an event of default with respect to any contract obligation, due to corporate action, or for other reasons. An early termination date may be calculated per the terms of the agreement or specified explicitly at the time the termination event occurs.

termination provision
type: Concept
broader: contractual commitment
definition: contractual element that specifies the circumstances under which the parties can dissolve their legal relationship and discontinue the fulfillment of their obligations under the contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Common reasons for termination include mutual consent, certain notices, breach or failure of a precedent or condition, insolvency, change in control, the occurrence of certain events, and court orders that prohibit continuation of the contract. Termination provisions may include whether they are mutual or unilateral, and may include rights with respect to any cure.

limited liability limited partnership
type: Concept
broader: limited partnership
definition: limited partnership that consists of one or more general partners who are liable for the obligations of the entity as well as one or more protected limited liability partners
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: LLLP
explanatory note: The primary difference between an LLLP and more traditional limited partnership is that an LLLP allows liability transfer from the general partner's (to external insurer) for debts and obligations of the limited partnership. Typically, general partners manage the LLLP, while the limited partners' interest is primarily for investment purposes.

limited partnership
type: Concept
broader: partnership
definition: partnership that has at least one general partner and at least one limited partner
example: In the United States, film production companies, real estate investment firms, and private equity firms are typically formed as limited partnerships. In the United Kingdom, limited partnerships are governed by the Limited Partnerships Act 1907 and, on matters on which that Act is silent, also by the Partnership Act 1890.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: LP
explanatory note: Limited partnerships are distinct from limited liability partnerships, in which all partners have limited liability. Similar to a general partnership, the general partners have management control, share the right to use partnership property, share the profits of the firm in predefined proportions, and have joint and several liability for the debts of the partnership.

preferred, enhanced voting, extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: participating preferred share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

regulated commodity
type: Concept
broader: commodity
definition: commodity under the jurisdiction of the regulatory agency, such as the Commodities Futures Trading Commission (CFTF) in the United States, which includes any commodity traded in an organized contracts market
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The CFTC polices matters of information and disclosure, fair trading practices, registration of firms and individuals, protection of customer funds, record keeping, and maintenance of orderly options and futures markets in the United States.

has intended liquidation date
type: Concept
broader: has termination date
definition: links an agreement, contract, or legal entity to a date on which it is scheduled to be sold
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Date

bond insurance
type: Concept
broader: insurance policy
definition: insurance policy that a bond issuer purchases that guarantees the repayment of the principal and all associated interest payments to the bondholders in the event of default
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

insurance policy
type: Concept
broader: written contract
definition: contract that (1) puts an indemnity cover into effect, (2) serves as a legal evidence of the insurance agreement, (3) sets out the exact terms on which the indemnity cover has been provided, and (4) states associated information such as the (a) specific risks and perils covered, (b) duration of coverage, (c) amount of premium, (d) mode of premium payment, and (e) deductibles, if any
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend

master agreement early termination right
type: Concept
broader: contractual right
definition: contractual right of a party to the master agreement to terminate the agreement early
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This generally arises from some default event on the part of the other party.

federal government
type: Concept
broader: national government
definition: union of states under a central government distinct from the individual governments of the separate states
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A federation is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing states or regions under a central (federal) government. In a federation, the self-governing status of the component states, as well as the division of power between them and the central government, are typically constitutionally entrenched and may not be altered by a unilateral decision of either party, the states or the federal political body.

national government
type: Concept
broader: government
definition: government and the politicians that that run a country as a whole (as opposed to local government)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

inflation swap
type: Concept
broader: rate-based derivative
broader: rates swap
definition: rate swap in which one party pays an amount calculated using an inflation rate index, and the other party pays an amount calculated using another inflation rate index, or a fixed or floating interest rate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15

privately held company
type: Concept
broader: stock corporation
definition: corporation whose issued shares are all held by a family or a small group of investors and, therefore, cannot be bought by the public
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: For British or Commonwealth companies, a privately held company limited by shares is a type of company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales, Scotland, certain Commonwealth countries and the Republic of Ireland. It has shareholders with limited liability and its shares may not be offered to the general public, unlike those of public limited companies. Limited by shares means that the company has shareholders, and that the liability of the shareholders to creditors of the company is limited to the capital originally invested, i.e. the nominal value of the shares and any premium paid in return for the issue of the shares by the company. A shareholders personal assets are thereby protected in the event of the company's insolvency, but money invested in the company will be lost. A limited company may be private or public. A private limited companys disclosure requirements are lighter, but for this reason its shares may not be offered to the general public (and therefore cannot be traded on a public stock exchange). This is the major distinguishing feature between a private limited company and a public limited company. Most companies, particularly small companies, are private. Private companies limited by shares are required to have the suffix Limited (often written Ltd or Ltd.) or Incorporated (Inc.) as part of their name, though the latter cannot be used in the UK or the Republic of Ireland. In the Republic of Ireland, Teoranta (Teo.) may be used instead, largely by Gaeltacht companies. Cyfyngedig (Cyf.) may be used by Welsh companies in a similar fashion.
synonym: privately held corporation
synonym: closed corporation

combined loan-to-value ratio
type: Concept
broader: percentage monetary amount
definition: ratio of the total amount of debt that is secured by the asset(s) and the appraised value of the asset(s) securing the financing
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This is particularly important for secondary loans, or for refinancing that combines outstanding loans against a given asset. Lenders use this ratio to evaluate the risk of extending a loan to a borrower(s) in cases where multiple loans are involved.

is volatility of
type: Concept
has in domain: volatility
definition: indicates something to which the volatility measure applies and of which it is a measure
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

principal underwriter
type: Concept
broader: underwriter
definition: underwriter who, as principal, purchases from an investment company, or pursuant to some contract has the right to purchase from such company, any security for distribution, or who as agent for such company sells or has the right to sell any security to a dealer or to the public, excluding any dealer who purchases from such company through sn underwriter acting as an agent for such company
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Section 3a of the Investment Company Act of 1940 as amended in January, 2012, https://www.sec.gov/about/laws/ica40.pdf
explanatory note: Principal underwriter of or for a closed-end company or any issuer which is not an investment company, or of any security issued by such a company or issuer, means any underwriter who, in connection with a primary distribution of securities, (a) is in privity of contract with the issuer or an affiliated person of the issuer; (b) acting alone or in concert with one or more other persons, initiates or directs the formation of an underwriting syndicate; or (c) is allowed a rate of gross commission, spread, or other profit greater than the rate allowed another underwriter participating in the distribution.

futures commission merchant
type: Concept
broader: non-depository institution
definition: party that does both of the following: (1) solicits or accepts orders to buy or sell futures contracts, options on futures, retail off-exchange forex contracts, or swaps and (2) accepts money or other assets from customers to support such orders
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: FCM
adapted from: National Futures Association

investor contract
type: Concept
broader: written contract
definition: Contract setting out the terms under which some investor invests in the entity and setting out the rights which are conferred on that investor.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

industrial resource
type: Concept
broader: negotiable commodity
definition: negotiable commodity that is obtained via some industrial process, including construction and manufacturing
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10

legal right
type: Concept
broader: right
definition: personal right, privilege, or benefit that a government, contract, or law provides or protects, making an individual or entity eligible to receive something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This entitlement creates a corresponding obligation for the provider to deliver that benefit.
explanatory note: A legal right, if challenged, may be supported in court as recognizable and enforceable in law, statutes, regulations, or other legislative actions.

is supplied by
type: Concept
has in domain: product
definition: identifies the party (supplier, vendor, distributor, etc.) that makes a product available
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: supplier

supplier
type: Concept
definition: party that provides goods or services that some party wants or needs, especially over a long period of time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A supplier may be distinguished from a contractor or subcontractor, who commonly adds specialized input to deliverables.

accrued interest
type: Concept
broader: interest
definition: amount of interest that has been incurred, as of a specific date, on a loan or other financial obligation but has not yet been paid out
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Accrued interest refers to the interest that has accumulated on a bond or other financial obligation since the last interest payment up to, but not including, the settlement date. This interest is earned over time but not yet paid out to the bondholder, for example. If this is a dirty price, this is the amount of accrued interest that is included in the price. This is therefore passed on to the purchaser of the bond or debt instrument.

uninsured federal branch of foreign banking organization
type: Concept
broader: federal branch of foreign banking organization
definition: any office or any place of business of a foreign bank located in any State of the United States at which deposits are received established and operating under section 4 of the International Banking Act of 1978 that is not insured or regulated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-275/pdf/COMPS-275.pdf
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes
explanatory note: An uninsured branch does not accept retail deposits and need not apply for federal deposit insurance.

common, non-voting, restricted, partly paid, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: partially paid share
broader: restricted share
broader: common share
broader: non-voting share
definition: common share that confers exactly 0 votes per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is partially paid and is registered
broader: registered security

is collateralization of
type: Concept
has in domain: collateral
definition: relates some collateral to an agreement pledging the asset as security
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

collateral
type: Concept
definition: something pledged as security to ensure fulfillment of an obligation to another party, to lend money, extend credit, or provision securities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has general partner
type: Concept
has in domain: partnership
definition: indicates an actor that has some measure of control over the partnership
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: general partner

general partner
type: Concept
broader: de jure controlling interest party
broader: partner
definition: partner and part-owner that is responsible for managing the day to day operations of the partnership and that may be jointly and severally liable for the obligations of the partnership
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that although typically a general partner is a person, in the context of certain funds, such as private equity, a general partner may be a firm that manages the fund.

offeree
type: Concept
definition: party that receives an offer from something from someone (i.e., an offerer) based on the terms of the offering
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

passport
type: Concept
broader: identity document
definition: formal identity document, issued by a national government, which certifies the identity and nationality of its holder for the purpose of international travel
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition origin: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passport
explanatory note: The elements of identity contained in all standardized passports include information about the holder, including name, date of birth, gender and place of birth.

identity document
type: Concept
definition: any legal document which may be used to verify aspects of a person's identity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identification_card
explanatory note: If issued in the form of a small, mostly standard-sized card, it is usually called an identity card (IC). Countries which do not have formal identity documents may require informal documents. In the absence of a formal identity document, driving licenses can be used in many countries as a method of proof of identity, although some countries do not accept driving licenses for identification, often because in those countries they don't expire as documents and can be old and easily forged. Most countries accept passports as a form of identification. Most countries have the rule that foreign citizens need to have their passport or occasionally a national identity card from their country available at any time if they do not have residence permit in the country.
synonym: identity card

common, enhanced voting, restricted, nil paid, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: restricted share
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: registered security
broader: nil paid share
broader: common share
definition: common share that confers multiple votes per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is nil paid and is registered

is subordinated to
type: Concept
has in domain: tradable debt instrument
definition: indicates the target security (i.e., the one in the range) has a higher priority than the security in question
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: tradable debt instrument

historical price volatility
type: Concept
broader: historical volatility
broader: price volatility
definition: historical volatility measure of past trading ranges of prices of underlying securities and indexes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Calculations for historical volatility are generally based on the change from one closing price to the next.

price volatility
type: Concept
broader: volatility
definition: statistical measure of the rate of change in pricing for a given security or market index
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Volatility can be determined using the standard deviation or variance among prices for the security or market index over some period of time. For a specific security, volatility may measure the amount and frequency in rapid price fluctuation. It is computed as the annualized standard deviation of the percentage change in a security's daily price.
editorial note: Volatility is modeled here using a structured collection, comprised of a series of individual prices of something (a security, index, etc., typically quoted prices), dates, and the source for those prices for some overall period of time

has principal party
type: Concept
has in domain: contract
broader: has contract party
definition: identifies the main or principal party to a contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: contract principal

has contract party
type: Concept
has in domain: contract
definition: indicates a party that has entered into a binding agreement, accepting and conceding obligations, responsibilities, and benefits as specified
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: contract party

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable exchangeable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: participating preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
broader: cumulative preferred share

mutual fund
type: Concept
broader: open-end investment
definition: open-end professionally managed investment fund established for the purpose of investing in securities such as stocks, bonds, money market instruments and similar assets
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019 Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth edition, October 2019
synonym: standard (vanilla) investment fund

tax lot
type: Concept
broader: financial asset
definition: financial asset that is a block of securities or other financial assets with a distinct cost basis for tax reporting purposes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Tax lots reflect how shares or other assets are tracked for capital gains and may be adjusted by events including: - reinvested dividends (creates very small, new tax lots); - stock splits or mergers (adjusts basis, may create fractional lots); - Wash sale rules (can change which lots are recognized). When an investor sells, they select which tax lot to sell (specific ID, FIFO, etc.), which determines realized gain or loss.

negative pledge
type: Concept
broader: guaranty
definition: guaranty whereby the issuer will not pledge any assets if doing so would result in less security for lender(s) or investor(s)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: exchangeable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: participating preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: restricted voting share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share

has entity expiration reason
type: Concept
definition: indicates the reason that an entity ceased to exist (i.e., disolved, merged with another entity, etc.)
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1
has in range: entity expiration reason

entity expiration reason
type: Concept
definition: code for the reason that a legal entity ceased to exist and/or operate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1

inflation leg
type: Concept
broader: floating leg
definition: floating rate leg of an inflation swap linked to an inflation index, such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has close date
type: Concept
definition: relates something to the date that it was closed
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: close date

close date
type: Concept
definition: date on which something was closed
example: account close date, transaction record close date, and so forth
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

lead arranger
type: Concept
synonym: arranger
definition: financial institution that spearheads the loan structuring and syndication process on behalf of the borrower
synonym: lead bank
broader: financial institution
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: lead manager
explanatory note: The lead arranger acts as the primary point of contact for the borrower. They perform credit analysis and due diligence, ensure that the structure meets borrowers goals, and coordinates with potential lenders regarding the initial structure and commitments.

capital protection certificate with coupons
type: Concept
note: Note that capital protection in this case refers to the nominal amount only, and not to the purchase price. The value of the product may fall below its capital protection value during its lifetime; the coupon amount is dependent on the development of the underlying asset; periodic coupon payment is expected.
broader: capital-protected product
broader: participation certificate
definition: capital-protected product whose protection is defined as a percentage of the nominal price (e.g. 100 percent), with minimum redemption at expiry equivalent to the capital protection
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.4.7

company secretary
type: Concept
broader: corporate officer
definition: corporate officer appointed by the directors of an organization, responsible for ensuring compliance with legal obligations related to corporate governance
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: His or her formal duties include (1) calling meetings, (2) recording minutes of the meetings, (3) keeping statutory record books, (4) proper payment of dividend and interest payments, and (5) proper drafting and execution of agreements, contracts, and resolutions.
synonym: corporate secretary

physical settlement terms
type: Concept
broader: settlement terms
definition: commitment to deliver the actual underlying asset on the specified delivery date, rather than cash
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
explanatory note: If you sell a gold futures contract of say 100 troy ounces then you have to deliver real gold to the buyer on the mutually agreed date. Most derivatives are not actually exercised, but are traded out before their delivery date. However, physical delivery still occurs with some trades: it is most common with commodities, but can also occur with other financial instruments.

has offering price
type: Concept
broader: has price
definition: indicates the price associated with an offering, which may be an explicit or calculated price
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary price

delivery address code set
type: Concept
definition: system of numeric codes that substitute for specified delivery point details according to the U.S. Postal Service Publication 28
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

extrinsic value
type: Concept
broader: monetary amount
definition: measure of the difference between the market price of an option, called the premium, and its intrinsic value
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Extrinsic value is also the portion of the worth that has been assigned to an option by factors other than the underlying asset's price. The opposite of extrinsic value is intrinsic value, which is the inherent worth of an option.
synonym: option time value

has subsidiary
type: Concept
has in domain: LegalEntity
definition: relates a legal entity to another organization that it owns at least 50 percent of
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: subsidiary

has owning entity
type: Concept
has in domain: entity ownership
definition: indicates a party that owns a formal organization
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: LegalPerson

payment service
type: Concept
broader: merchant service
definition: financial service that involves acceptance of electronic payments by a variety of payment methods including credit card, bank-based payments such as direct debit, bank transfer, and real-time bank transfer based on online banking
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

merchant service
type: Concept
broader: financial service
definition: financial service provided by a financial institution to a merchant or other business, including but not limited to managing financial transactions via a secure channel
example: Example merchant services include credit and debit card processing, check guarantee and conversion services, point of sale (PoS) systems, gift card and loyalty programs, online transaction processing, etc.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014

business center code
type: Concept
definition: code used to denote a metropolitan area where business is conducted
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.fpml.org/coding-scheme/business-center
explanatory note: The codes for business centers and municipalities defined herein are largely those identified either as FpML business centers or are locations where there is an exchange, as noted in the ISO 10962 MIC code standard.

issuing financial institution
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider
broader: issuer
definition: issuer and financial services provider that issues payment cards or performs, facilitates, or supports issuing services including but not limited to issuing banks and issuing processors
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/pci_security/glossary
synonym: issuing bank

equity redemption provision with extendable redemption date
type: Concept
broader: equity redemption provision
definition: equity redemption provision that allows modification of the redemption date beyond the original specified date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

currency forward outright
type: Concept
broader: currency forward
definition: forward contract in a foreign exchange market that locks in the price at which an entity must buy or sell a currency on a future date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The holders of a currency forward are obligated to buy or sell the currency at a specified price, at a specified quantity and on a specified future date. These contracts cannot be transferred. Jan 10 Review Notes Outright Forward is the term for the professional markets. Spot + Swap where Swap is 2 simultaneous transactions.
synonym: forward outright
synonym: outright forward currency transaction

commodity return leg
type: Concept
broader: return leg
definition: leg of a commodity return swap in which the return is based on a physical commodity, or the price, or behavior of the price, or any other aspect related to a physical commodity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The cash flows from a commodity may be negative as you have a cost from holding the commodity but there are no interim cash flows, so it equates to a negative interest rate. So a commodity swap is like a TRS in that it is based on the return on the increase in value.

holds
type: Concept
definition: is the relationship between a party and something it possesses, or over which it exercises some ownership or control or has at its discretion the ability to dispose of it as it sees fit
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

total outstanding principal
type: Concept
broader: principal
definition: the principal balance of all loans secured by the property
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

card authentication value 2
type: Concept
broader: three-digit verification code or value
definition: card verification value specifically for JCB payment cards
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/pci_security/glossary
synonym: CAV2

employed population part-time for economic reasons
type: Concept
definition: subset of the employed population that includes persons that are working fewer than 30 to 35 hours per week due to slack work, unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, and seasonal declines in demand
broader: employed population part-time
synonym: involuntary part-time population
synonym: population employed part-time for economic reasons
adapted from: https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx
adapted from: https://www.bls.gov/cps/definitions.htm
broader: underemployed population
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

underemployed population
type: Concept
broader: employed population
definition: subset of the employed population that includes persons employed part-time for economic reasons, who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.bls.gov/news.release/empsit.t15.htm

agreement corporation - banking
type: Concept
broader: depository institution
broader: agreement corporation
definition: agreement corporation whose charter allows the corporation to engage in international banking
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

MiFID regulated security
type: Concept
broader: security
definition: security for which MiFID reporting is required
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A MiFID requlated security is one that is traded on a MiFID regulated market and for which certain additional reporting requirements apply. Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID), which is a European regulation, issued by the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA), that aims to increase transparency across the European Union's financial markets and standardize regulatory disclosures required for firms operating within the EU.

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable extendable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

interest payment schedule
type: Concept
broader: payment schedule
broader: projected contract event schedule
definition: regular, contract-specific schedule including the dates on which interest is due to be paid
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The dates may be fixed, or expressed as an offset of the calculation dates. Typically the payment dates are fixed and calculation dates are expressed as an offset, however.

is point of contact for
type: Concept
has in domain: contact
definition: is the entity or purpose for which the party is the point of contact
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

business party prefix
type: Concept
explanatory note: For new BIC registration from an organization not yet identified by a BIC, the party prefix will be allocated at the discretion of the RA. The code will not have a mnemonic or acronym value anymore.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: bank code
adapted from: ISO 9362:2014 Banking -- Banking telecommunication messages -- Business identifier code (BIC)
explanatory note: For new BIC registration by an organization already identified with a BIC or an affiliated organization [after the transition period ending November 2018], SWIFT will still reserve the usage of an existing party prefix to these organizations. This legacy rule will be reserved to existing BIC owners. If they wish to preserve this value, no other organization will be allowed to use the same code
synonym: institution code
definition: four-character (4 alphanumeric) code associated with an organization for the purposes of banking telecommunications

death certificate
type: Concept
broader: identity document
definition: original document certifying the circumstances of the death (such as how and when it occurred), or a certified copy of or representation of the ensuing registration of that death
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A death certificate is a vital record documenting information (including age, occupation, place of birth, place of residence, and often identifying the parents and possibly spouse of the deceased) relating to a dead person and including a doctor's certification of the cause of death.

US Treasury bill auction date rule
type: Concept
broader: auction date rule
definition: rule for setting auction dates for US Treasury bills
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.treasurydirect.gov/instit/auctfund/work/work.htm
explanatory note: To finance the public debt, the U.S. Treasury sells bills, notes, bonds, Floating Rate Notes (FRNs), and Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS) to institutional and individual investors through public auctions. Treasury auctions occur regularly and have a set schedule. Rules and other information are available via announcements of pending auctions.

auction date rule
type: Concept
broader: business recurrence interval convention
definition: business recurrence interval convention that is a published rule for defining the date of some auction event
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

request
type: Concept
broader: occurrence
definition: event in which some party asks another party for something at some point in time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, voting, exchangeable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

supranational entity
type: Concept
broader: polity
definition: governmental or non-governmental entity that is established by international law or treaty or incorporated at an international level
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Kiljunen, Kimmo (2004). The European Constitution in the Making. Centre for European Policy Studies. pp. 21-26. ISBN 978-92-9079-493-6
adapted from: ISO 20275:2017, Financial services - Entity legal forms (ELF), First Edition, July 2017.
explanatory note: A supranational union is a supranational polity which lies somewhere between a confederation that is an association of states and a federation that is a state. Unlike states in a federal super-state, member states retain ultimate sovereignty, although some sovereignty is shared with, or ceded to, the supranational body.

has first trade date
type: Concept
definition: indicates the date on which a newly issued security starts trading
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

trade reporting facility
type: Concept
definition: facility that provides a mechanism for the reporting of transactions effected otherwise than on an exchange
example: In the United States, for example, trades by FINRA members in Nasdaq-listed and other exchange-listed securities, as approved by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), executed otherwise than on an exchange may be reported to a FINRA TRF. While each FINRA TRF is affiliated with a registered national securities exchange, each FINRA TRF is a FINRA facility and is subject to FINRA's registration as a national securities association.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: TRF
adapted from: https://www.finra.org/filing-reporting/trade-reporting-facility-trf
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf

preferred, voting, redeemable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: participating preferred share
broader: single voting share

supplies
type: Concept
has in domain: supplier
definition: links a party in the role of outfitter, provisioner, distributor, etc. to something that they provide
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: product

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: exchangeable preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is owning party
type: Concept
has in domain: owner
definition: indicates the context of ownership in which the party plays the role of owner
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ownership

is constituted by
type: Concept
has in domain: corporation
definition: the instrument by which an entity is incorporated
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: constitution

has first barrier price
type: Concept
broader: has price
definition: has price (or level) that activates or deactivates the option
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: For a double barrier option, this is the level of the first barrier. Otherwise it is the only barrier price.
has in range: monetary price

has second barrier price
type: Concept
broader: has price
definition: has price (or level) that the second barrier activates or deactivates in the case of a double barrier option
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary price

currency conversion service
type: Concept
broader: foreign exchange service
definition: foreign exchange service involving the conversion of currency of one country or group of countries for another, typically, but not always, as a counter transaction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A currency exchange service may be provided by a stand-alone business or may be part of the services offered by a bank or other financial institution. The currency exchange profits from its services either through adjusting the exchange rate or taking a commission.

foreign exchange service
type: Concept
broader: financial service
definition: financial service involving the exchange of one currency for another, conversion of one currency for another, and transfer of money from one country to another whereby currency conversion is required
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

money services business
type: Concept
broader: non-depository institution
definition: any person doing business, whether or not on a regular basis or as an organized business concern, in one of the following capacities: (1) currency dealer or exchanger, (2) check casher, (3) issuer of traveler's checks, money orders, or stored value, (4) seller or redeemer of traveler's checks, money orders, or stored value, (5) money transmitter, or (6) postal service
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: MSB
explanatory note: This definition excludes banks and persons registered with or examined by the Securities and Exchange Commission or the Commodities Futures Trading Commission.

personal consumption expenditures
type: Concept
broader: economic indicator
definition: economic indicator representing measure of the value of the goods and services purchased by, or on the behalf of, 'persons'
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: PCE
adapted from: https://www.bea.gov/data/consumer-spending/main
explanatory note: Personal consumption expenditures consist of purchases of goods and services by households and by nonprofit institutions serving households (NPISHs). These goods and services include imputed expenditures on items such as the services of housing by a homeowner (the equivalent of rent), financial and insurance services for which there is no explicit charge, and medical care provided to individuals and financed by government or by private insurance.

syndication agent
type: Concept
broader: financial institution
definition: financial institution (typically a commercial or investment bank) designated to help structure, arrange, and manage the loan syndication process
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Syndication agents are important at the beginning of the process, including setting up the syndicate, supporting distribution of the loan across lenders, marketing, and the like. They are far less involved in loan administration, which is managed by the administrative agent.

has exercise schedule
type: Concept
has in domain: option
broader: has schedule
definition: links an option to the schedule specified in the contract that constrains when it may be exercised
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: An exercise schedule may be as simple as a single date or date period. However, in more complex cases, it may be an ad hoc schedule of individual dates, or a regular schedule of periodic exercise dates.
has in range: schedule

milestone schedule
type: Concept
broader: schedule
definition: schedule of milestone events, observations, or other occurrences and the associated dates and/or times when they will be done
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

federal government entity
type: Concept
broader: government body
definition: formal organization that is an independent agency, instrumentality or other permanent or semi-permanent organization in the machinery of government in the United States, authorized by the executive branch or by Congress, that operates at the national (federal) level
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

base rate
type: Concept
broader: reference interest rate
definition: basic rate of interest on which the actual rate a bank charges on loans to its customers is calculated
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: BBR
explanatory note: Typically, the bank base rate is a reference rate set by a central bank. Banks that are regulated by a given central bank cannot lend below the base rate to their customers. The bank base rate is determined on an ongoing basis and represents the central bank's judgement of the price of short-term funds on their interbank market.
synonym: bank base rate

driver's license identifier
type: Concept
definition: identifier associated with a drivers' or operating license for operating a motor vehicle or non-driver identification card
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: driver's license number

industrial bank
type: Concept
broader: bank
definition: limited service financial institution that raises funds by selling certificates called 'investment shares' and by accepting deposits
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Often called Morris Plan banks or industrial loan companies, industrial banks are distinguished from commercial loan companies because industrial banks accept deposits in addition to making consumer loans. Industrial banks differ from commercial banks because they do not offer demand deposit (checking) accounts. Industrial banks are not regulated by the Federal Reserve.

has final stub
type: Concept
broader: has stub
definition: identifies any special period at the end of a regular schedule
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has stub
type: Concept
has in domain: regular schedule
definition: links an abbreviated period at the start or end of some schedule to the overall schedule
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: schedule stub

schedule stub
type: Concept
definition: date period before the start of the recurring part of a schedule or after the end of the recurring part, which may be associated with a specific occurrence kind
example: A 30 year mortgage calls for monthly payments on the first day of each month, according to a RegularSchedule. If the mortgage does not start on the first day of a calendar month, then an initial ScheduleStub specifies the payment due for the DatePeriod up to the first day of the next calendar month. Similarly, a final ScheduleStub specifies the last payment due for the DatePeriod after the end of the last full calendar month.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
editorial note: The Occurrences ontology extends ScheduleStub to 'comprise' an OccurrenceKind. The meaning is that a schedule stub comprises a date period and an event which is scheduled to occur during that date period; in other words that an Occurrence of the OccurrenceKind should happen during the DatePeriod of the ScheduleStub.

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

Basel III Designation
type: Concept
definition: European Union wide securities designation, defined by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS), that classifies securities based on the quality of capital underlying the instrument
broader: financial instrument classifier
explanatory note: Basel III is an international regulatory accord designed to improve the regulation, supervision, and risk management of the banking sector. It was developed in response to the global financial crisis of 2007-2008. A consortium of central banks from 28 countries devised Basel III in 2009, mainly to ensure major banks could survive another upheaval. The regulations include minimum capital, leverage, and liquidity requirements.
explanatory note: Per Basel III, Tier 1 capital, or core capital, equity shares and retained earnings, is preferred. Tier 2 capital, or supplementary capital, is also usable. Possible values include Tier 1, Additional Tier 1, Tier 2, Not Subject to Regulations, and Not Provided.
adapted from: https://www.bis.org/bcbs/index.htm
adapted from: https://www.bis.org/bcbs/basel3.htm
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

financial instrument classifier
type: Concept
definition: classifier for a financial instrument based on its type and features
example: Examples include equity instrument, debt instrument, option, future, etc. per the the ISO 10962 CFI (Classification of Financial Instruments) standard, as cash instruments or derivative instruments per the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) accounting standards, and so forth.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

post office box
type: Concept
broader: supplemental address component
definition: post office box associated with an address
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Post office box identifiers are only unique to a given jurisdiction, which may be a post office, town, or other region.

adjustable rate dividend
type: Concept
broader: preferred dividend
definition: dividend that varies with a benchmark
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The value of the dividend from the preferred share is set by a predetermined formula to move with rates, and because of this flexibility preferred prices are often more stable then fixed-rate preferred stocks.

has street suffix
type: Concept
has in domain: street address
definition: specifies an additional qualifier for a street or other delivery location, such as a dwelling located along a waterway
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: street suffix

street suffix
type: Concept
broader: address component
definition: classifier for a street or other delivery location, such as a dwelling located along a waterway
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The suffix may provide some insight into the size or length of the street, though not necessarily consistently. In some cities, the suffix differentiates the street from another in the same context, such as 19th Street vs. 19th Avenue in San Francisco.

non-tradable debt instrument
type: Concept
broader: written contract
broader: debt instrument
definition: a debt instrument that may not be bought or sold
example: Low-risk instruments such as savings bonds are examples of nonnegotiable debt instruments.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Generally, a nonnegotiable instrument may be redeemed by the issuer, but this is often subject to some limitations.

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable extendable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: restricted voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: participating preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: extendable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security

economic rate-based derivative
type: Concept
broader: rate-based derivative
definition: rate-based derivative whose underlier is some economic indicator
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has employing party
type: Concept
has in domain: employment
definition: identifies employer in an employment situation
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: employer

is owned and controlled by
type: Concept
broader: is controlled by
broader: is owned by
definition: relates something to the party that owns, influences, manages and directs it
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Party

is controlled by
type: Concept
definition: is influenced, managed, or directed by
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Party

is owned by
type: Concept
definition: indicates something that someone owns
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Party

client identifier
type: Concept
broader: party role identifier
definition: sequence of characters uniquely identifying a client within the context of some organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

face amount certificate company
type: Concept
broader: investment company
definition: investment company which is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of issuing face-amount certificates of the installment type, or which has been engaged in such business and has any such certificate outstanding
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition origin: Section 4, definition of investment companies, Investment Company Act of 1940 as amended and approved as of 3 January 2012, see https://www.sec.gov/about/laws/ica40.pdf
explanatory note: An investor may enter into a contract with an issuer of a face amount certificate to contract to receive a stated or fixed amount of money (the face amount) at a stated date in the future. In exchange for this future sum, the investor must deposit an agreed lump sum or make scheduled installment payments over time. Face amount certificates are rarely issued these days, as most of the tax advantages that the investment once offered have been lost through changes in the tax laws.

entity legal form identifier
type: Concept
definition: code that denotes an entity legal form as defined in ISO 20275
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:20275:ed-1:v1:en
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/code-lists/iso-20275-entity-legal-forms-code-list

step up bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
broader: fixed income security
definition: bond with a coupon that increases (steps up) while the bond is outstanding
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The step change may be one time, or occur according to a schedule or at regular intervals.
synonym: step down bond

preferred, non-voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: non-voting share
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: extendable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: registered security

liquidation
type: Concept
broader: divestiture
definition: corporate action related to winding up a business, including but not limited to distribution of cash, assets, or both
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Debt may be paid in order of priority based on preferred claims to assets specified by a security, for example.

divestiture
type: Concept
note: Divestiture is an action or process involving the sale, spinoff, or liquidation of business assets, including product lines, services, subsidiaries, business property, or even an entire business. Companies may pursue a divestment strategy to refocus on their core business, in response to the operating environment in their industry, to raise capital, or to release underperforming assets.
broader: mandatory corporate action
definition: corporate action involving the sales of subsidiary business interests or investments
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

fully amortizing asset-backed security
type: Concept
broader: asset-backed security
definition: asset-backed security based on a pool of debt instruments that returns principal to investors over the life of the security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.investinginbonds.com/learnmore.asp
explanatory note: Fully amortizing asset-backed securities are designed to closely reflect the full repayment of the underlying loans through scheduled interest and principal payments.
explanatory note: These are typically backed by HELs, auto loans, manufactured-housing contracts and other fully amortizing assets. Prepayment risk is a key consideration with such ABS, although the rate of prepayment may vary considerably by the type of underlying asset.

is addressed by
type: Concept
definition: indicates something, such a goal or objective, that is dealt with by
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has anchor date
type: Concept
definition: specifies a fixed reference point within a series or timeline
example: With respect to a scoped measure, such as an economic indicator, the anchor date specifies the reference date against which the value of a numeric index for a more recent date is compared (i.e., the starting point from which it stems).
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: anchor date

anchor date
type: Concept
definition: fixed reference point within a series or timeline
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: It is an explicit date chosen to provide context or structure for analyzing data or events.

stepped coupon terms
type: Concept
broader: coupon payment terms
definition: coupon payment terms for securities with a coupon that increases (steps up) while the bond is outstanding
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has notification provision
type: Concept
has in domain: redemption provision
broader: has contractual element
definition: relates the redemption provision of a debt instrument to a notification provision (e.g., call or put notification)
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: notification provision

is published by
type: Concept
has in domain: publication
definition: identifies the independent party (i.e., the individual or organization) that disseminates the material
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Party

death certificate identification scheme
type: Concept
definition: system for allocating identifiers to death certificates
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Schemes for death certificate identification are typically regionally defined, and there may be jurisdiction-specific scope required as an additional restriction on a specific scheme.

hard credit event
type: Concept
broader: default event
definition: default event that is not repairable
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

qualitative value
type: Concept
broader: value
definition: value that has less precision or accuracy than a value determined via quantitative methods and which is usually expressed in codes rather than actual numbers
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO/IEC 5207:2024(en), Information technology - Data usage - Terminology and use cases
explanatory note: Qualitative values may follow nominal or ordinal scales, and may be expressed as enumerations.

limited branch of a foreign bank
type: Concept
broader: domestic branch of a foreign bank
definition: branch of a foreign bank that receives only such deposits as would be permitted for a corporation organized under section 25A of the Federal Reserve Act (12 U.S.C. 611-631)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21

has payment history
type: Concept
broader: has record
definition: relates a credit agreement, loan, or commitment to any history of payments that have been made by the borrower up to the point that payment history is requested
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: payment history

has record
type: Concept
definition: links something to a record that pertains to it
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Record

payment history
type: Concept
broader: transaction record
definition: record of actual payments of principal, interest, and other related amounts made by a borrower to a lender or servicer in order to fulfill their re-payment obligation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

transaction record
type: Concept
usage note: The date a particular transaction record is closed typically corresponds to (and may precede) the date the account is closed, though in the case of certain accounts, such as a credit card account, if a customer is issued a new account or card number due to loss, fraud, or for some other reason, it is possible that multiple transaction records would be associated with the account. In that case, the close date might correspond to the date that a hold was placed on the original account.
broader: dated structured collection
definition: record of transactions associated with an account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has legal address
type: Concept
has in domain: LegalEntity
broader: has registered address
definition: indicates the legal address for the entity, in the jurisdiction in which the entity is established, used for registration purposes with respect to obtaining an LEI
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1
has in range: conventional street address

has registered address
type: Concept
has in domain: Party
broader: has address
definition: identifies an address that is officially recorded with some government authority and at which legal papers may be served
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: conventional street address

amortization schedule
type: Concept
broader: payment schedule
broader: projected contract event schedule
definition: schedule of periodic payments (repayment installments) that specify changes in the balance of the debt over time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Payments are divided into equal amounts for the duration of the loan or debt instrument, making it the simplest repayment model. A greater amount of the payment is applied to interest at the beginning of the amortization schedule, while more money is applied to principal at the end.

green bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
definition: bond issued specifically to fund climate or environmental projects
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: These bonds are typically asset-linked and backed by the issuer's balance sheet. Green bonds finance projects aimed at energy efficiency, pollution prevention, sustainable agriculture, fishery and forestry, the protection of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, clean transportation, sustainable water management and the cultivation of environmentally friendly technologies, and often include incentives such as tax exemption.

floating-rate note date
type: Concept
broader: calculated date
definition: calculated date associated with a floating-rate note, also known as a floater or FRN, which is a debt instrument with a variable interest rate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: FRN date

breach of covenant
type: Concept
broader: occurrence kind
broader: contract lifecycle event
definition: classifier of events representing breaking a promise specified in a contract to do or not to do something, without a legitimate excuse
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In the case of a breach of a covenant or warranty, the contract remains binding and damages only are recoverable for the breach, whereas a breach of contract typically invalidates the entire contract.

has second rebate amount
type: Concept
broader: has price
definition: indicates the percentage of the premium paid by the holder in the case of a double barrier option
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: percentage monetary amount

is triggered by
type: Concept
has in domain: occurrence-based date
definition: is activated or initiated by
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: An OccurrenceBasedDate is triggered by an Occurrence that exemplifies the OccurrenceKind.
has in range: occurrence kind

occurrence-based date
type: Concept
broader: calculated date
definition: calculated date that is defined with respect to the occurrence of some occurrence kind
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The 'hasDateValue' property of an OccurrenceBasedDate is not set until the Occurrence happens. The 'triggeredBy' property relates an OccurrenceBasedDate to the OccurrenceKind that gives the meaning of the OccurrenceBasedDate.

sales finance company
type: Concept
broader: finance company
definition: finance company that purchases retail and wholesale paper from automobile and other consumer and commercial goods dealers
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014
synonym: acceptance company

finance company
type: Concept
broader: non-depository institution
definition: financial intermediary in the business of making loans that obtains its financing from banks, institutions, and other money market sources rather than from deposits
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014

bond pool
type: Concept
broader: debt pool
definition: debt pool of consisting of bonds
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

fund administrator
type: Concept
definition: role of the party responsible for managing the operational, accounting, and compliance functions of an investment fund
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A fund administrator performs administrative tasks on behalf of an investment fund, including net asset value (NAV) calculation, financial reporting, investor servicing, and regulatory compliance. The role supports operational efficiency and transparency, enabling fund managers to focus on investment strategy.

private credit fund
type: Concept
broader: private fund
definition: investment vehicle that provides loans or other forms of credit to companies, typically outside of the traditional banking system
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: These funds are managed by asset managers, private equity firms or specialized lenders (both nonprofit and for-profit) and cater to institutional investors, high-net-worth individuals, family offices, and, in some cases, retail investors. The kinds of loans they provide include senior secured loans, mezzanine debt, unitranche loans, and special situations financing through direct lending to companies. These funds are typically illiquid, with long investment horizons (5–10 years). They generally provide higher returns than traditional fixed-income instruments, but with greater risk due to borrower default potential. Nonprofit funds may provide lower returns because of the mission to provide affordable funding to disadvantaged borrowers. Key features of private credit funds include: - Loans are held on the fund's balance sheet - Returns come primarily from interest income and potential capital appreciation - Often involve direct negotiations and customized loan terms.

bond future
type: Concept
broader: debt instrument future
definition: futures contract whose underlying asset is at least one bond
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has put feature
type: Concept
broader: has repayment terms
definition: indicates the specific terms related to any inherent put feature as specified in the offering/instrument
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: put feature

has repayment terms
type: Concept
broader: has contractual element
definition: indicates the specific terms related to repayment of principal as specified in the instrument or a related contract document
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: principal repayment terms

put feature
type: Concept
broader: redemption provision
broader: debt terms
definition: redemption provision giving the holder the right, but not the obligation, to sell a specified amount of the debt instrument (i.e., redeem it), prior to maturity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
editorial note: FIBIM has term "Putable Date" which (by implication, and comparing with definition for "Next Call Date") is presumably a single calendar date in the future, at a given point in time. That does not cover the definition of formal terms defining when and how the issue may be put, which is what is modeled here.
synonym: put provision

preferred, enhanced voting, perpetual, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: enhanced voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: participating preferred share

standard industrial classification scheme
type: Concept
broader: industry sector classification scheme
definition: the scheme defining the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Code List
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Standard Industrial Classifications are four-digit codes that categorize companies by the type of business activities they engage in. These codes were created by the U.S. government in 1937 to facilitate analysis of economic activity across government agencies and within industries. They were mostly replaced in 1997 by a new system of six-digit codes called the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). The new codes were adopted in part to standardize industry data collection and analysis in between Canada, the United States and Mexico which had entered into the North American Free Trade Agreement. Note that certain organizations, such as the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) still use SIC codes for some purposes.

best bid
type: Concept
broader: bid price
definition: highest bid price a prospective buyer is willing to pay at a particular time for a given security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

bid price
type: Concept
broader: security price
definition: price a prospective buyer is willing to pay
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The term 'bid price' is used by traders / market makers with respect to a given security, and that are prepared to buy or sell round lots at publicly quoted prices, and by specialists in certain instruments that perform similar functions on an exchange.

has goal
type: Concept
definition: has long-term, desired outcome
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: goal

goal
type: Concept
broader: aim
definition: aim distinguished by broad scope and aspirational character, often qualitative and long-term, in order to achieve a desired state
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Many people endeavor to reach goals within a finite time by setting deadlines.

has valuation terms
type: Concept
has in domain: derivative instrument
broader: has contractual element
definition: relates a derivative to contractual terms specific to valuation of the underlying asset(s)
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: valuation terms

valuation terms
type: Concept
broader: derivative terms
definition: contract terms specific to valuation of the underlying asset(s)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

joint guaranty
type: Concept
broader: guaranty
definition: guaranty provided by at least two parties, jointly and severally
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

U.S. producer price index
type: Concept
broader: producer price index
definition: an economic indicator representing a measure of the change over time in the selling prices received by domestic producers for their output
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.bls.gov/ppi/

government agency
type: Concept
broader: government body
definition: permanent or semi-permanent organization, often an appointed commission, in the machinery of government that is responsible for the oversight and administration of specific functions
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: There is a notable variety of agency types. Although usage differs, a government agency is normally distinct both from a department or ministry, and other types of public body established by government. The functions of an agency are normally executive in character, since different types of organizations (such as commissions) are most often constituted in an advisory role; this distinction is often blurred in practice however.

composite market
type: Concept
definition: group of exchanges and trading venues referenced for pricing purposes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

passport number identification scheme
type: Concept
definition: system for allocating identifiers to passports
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Schemes for passport identification are jurisdiction-specific by country.

international securities identification number
type: Concept
broader: security identifier
definition: security identifier that is defined as specified in ISO 6166, Securities and related financial instruments -- International securities identification numbering system (ISIN)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ISIN
explanatory note: ISINs consist of two alphabetic characters, which are the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code for the issuing country, nine alpha-numeric characters (the National Securities Identifying Number, or NSIN, which identifies the security, padded as necessary with leading zeros), and one numerical check digit. The ISIN is specified as a class of identifiers because although there is a scheme associated with the structure of an ISIN, there are many country-specific variations issued by national numbering agencies.

European exercise terms
type: Concept
broader: exercise terms
definition: exercise terms that stipulate that an option may only be exercised at the date of expiration
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is based on investment equity
type: Concept
has in domain: investment-based de facto control
broader: is conferred by
definition: indicates investment-based de facto control, which is is based on the holding of some investment equity by some party
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: investment equity

investment-based de facto control
type: Concept
broader: de facto control
definition: control that arises through some investment in some entity, other than via the holding of constitutional equity (shares etc.) in that entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

de facto control
type: Concept
broader: control
definition: control that exists informally and is accepted, although not formally recognized
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: For example, de facto acquisition or change of control means the acquisition, directly or indirectly, by any person or group of persons acting jointly or in concert, of beneficial ownership of, or control or direction over, sufficient voting shares of some legal entity to permit such person or persons to exercise, or to control or direct the voting of, 50 percent or more of the total number of votes in that entity.

is conferred by
type: Concept
definition: a relationship between a right or obligation and the vehicle, such as an agreement or contract, that vests (or confers) said right or obligation
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: This property should be read as describing some legal power or duty, some commitment or some social construct being conferred as a result of some social construct such as an agreement or some legal authority. These concepts, which would describe the kind of thing of which this is a property, and the kinds of thing in terms of which this property is framed, are outside the scope of this model and so are not shown.

investment equity
type: Concept
broader: owners' equity
definition: equity that represents an ownership interest in some entity, but may or may not take the form of shareholders's equity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
editorial note: Typically an investment in some entity may take the form of shares (issued or privately held), i.e., shareholders' equity, or it may take the form of some capital amount which is not reflected in shareholders' equity. In each case, there would typically be a contractual basis for the investment setting out what controls or other benefits accrue to the investor.

mandatory convertible bond
type: Concept
broader: convertible bond
definition: convertible bond that converts into shares at maturity regardless of the equity price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The conversion ratio at maturity reflects the equity price and par value of the bond when issued. There is also typically a second higher conversion ratio if the equity price rises above the strike during the term of the bond.

convertible bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
broader: convertible security
definition: bond that gives the holder the right to convert the bond into a fixed number of shares (conversion ratio) if the equity price rises above a specified level (strike price)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: If the equity price remains below the strike price throughout the term of the bond it matures and is redeemed like a regular bond. The conversion ratio and strike price are usually set when the convertible bond is issued.

has last trading date and time
type: Concept
has in domain: listing
definition: specifies the last date and time that the security was traded on the exchange
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: DateTime

import export program number
type: Concept
broader: business number
definition: concatenation of an entity's business number, the 'RM' abbreviation and a 4-digit subaccount number used for customs and import/export reporting purposes
example: 000000000RM0001
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/tax/businesses/topics/registering-your-business/import-export-program-account.html
explanatory note: An organization may have more than one import-exports account through its subunits, this is handled through additional 4-digit subaccount numbers. This is used as both an account and an identifier for the registration.

preferred, non-voting, redeemable extendable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

Department of State address
type: Concept
broader: physical address
definition: delivery address whose delivery address line uses 'UNIT' followed by the unit identifier, followed by 'BOX' followed by box number, in place of a street address, 'DPO' as the literal value for the city, and the appropriate armed forces subdivision code in place of a subdivision (state) code
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

blue sky law
type: Concept
usage note: Blue sky law is modeled as a class, rather than as a named individual, because there are numerous state-specific laws that qualify as blue sky laws that could be added to support state-specific definitions and other analyses.
broader: securities regulation
definition: state-level securities regulation, designed to protect investors against securities fraud that require issuers to be registered and to disclose details of their offerings
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This allows investors to base their judgments on trustworthy data.

securities regulation
type: Concept
broader: regulation
definition: regulation codified in law specific to securities and investments
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

regulation
type: Concept
broader: legal construct
definition: a rule used to carry out a law
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Many government agencies issue regulations to administer laws.

urban consumer price index
type: Concept
broader: consumer price index
definition: an economic indicator representing a measure of the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CPI-U
adapted from: http://www.bls.gov/cpi/

partial amortization
type: Concept
broader: amortization
definition: amortization in which the very last payment the last payment due may be a large balloon payment of all remaining principal and interest
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has appraiser
type: Concept
definition: relates an assessment or report to an agent that conducts the assessment
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

is general partner of
type: Concept
has in domain: general partner
definition: indicates the organization that the general partner manages
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: partnership

National Securities Identifying Number registry
type: Concept
broader: security registry
definition: registry used by a national numbering agency to manage the financial instrument identifiers and related information that it registers
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: NSIN registry

security registry
type: Concept
definition: registry used to manage security identifiers and related information
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Securities registries may be managed by an exchange, clearing house, custodian, bank, or other financial services provider.

Committee on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures (CUSIP) number
type: Concept
broader: proprietary security identifier
broader: National Securities Identifying Number
definition: nine-character alphanumeric number that identifies all North American stocks and registered bonds for the purposes of facilitating clearing and settlement of trades, issued by CUSIP Global Services on behalf of the American Bankers' Association, which is a part of Standard and Poor's Capital IQ, that is the National Numbering Agency Identifier for securities issued in North America, which is also part of the ISIN for the security it identifies
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CUSIP
synonym: CUSIP number

preferred, enhanced voting, exchangeable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: participating preferred share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered

is ultimately consolidated by
type: Concept
broader: is consolidated by
definition: indicates that the entity considered the 'end node' or consolidating entity (parent) fully consolidates the accounting of the 'start node' (child) per the accounting rules specified, and is the most distant consolidating entity to that child in any applicable ownership hierarchy
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: GLEIF Level 2 Relationship Record (RR) Common Data Format (CDF), see https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/relationship-record-cdf-format#
has in range: LegalEntity

credit card product
type: Concept
broader: card product
definition: card product allowing the holder to purchase goods or services on credit
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

standardized futures listing terms
type: Concept
broader: derivative terms
broader: standardized terms
definition: contract terms established by a derivatives exchange that apply to any listing of a futures contract on that exchange.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Individual listings will take on these standard terms but they are not contractual terms of the futures contract, they are facts about that listing on that exchange.

standardized terms
type: Concept
broader: contractual commitment
definition: contract terms that, grouped together, that are generally and consistently reused across many contracts, published by some organization, and capable of being incorporated into a contract by reference
example: Each exchange has a set of terms they apply to membership agreements and with respect to the instruments that may be traded on that exchange. For example, there is a set expiration date that exchanges will publish for exchange-traded options - in the US it is the Saturday following the third Friday of every month. Similarly, there are set incremental dates for strike for exchange traded options. Contract sizes are also stipulated, for example in the US these are standardized by the OPRA Convention (Options Pricing Reporting Authority).
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

specified date
type: Concept
broader: calculated date
definition: calculated date that is defined by a rule that is captured as a string by the 'hasDateSpecification' property
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: participating preferred share

is predicated on
type: Concept
has in domain: condition precedent
definition: depends on an assumption or requirement stated in
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

ledger account
type: Concept
broader: account
definition: account recorded in a general ledger
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has total closing costs
type: Concept
broader: has cost
definition: indicates the total the amount paid at the closing of a real estate transaction, i.e., at the time when the title to the property is conveyed (transferred) to the buyer
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Closing costs may be incurred by either the buyer or the seller, and may include fees paid by either or both parties for the preparation and recording of documents, title service costs, such as for title search and insurance (typically paid by the seller, depending on the jurisdiction), other recording costs, other document or transaction stamps or taxes, brokerage commissions, survey, appraisal, inspection and other such fees, home warranties, private mortgage insurance (PMI), and so forth.

average monthly earnings
type: Concept
broader: average earnings
definition: measure of the average monthly wage an employee makes over the reporting period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp

general obligation municipal bond
type: Concept
broader: full faith credit bond
broader: municipal bond
definition: municipal bond that is backed by the full faith and credit and general resources of the issuing municipality, including its general taxing authority
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: GO bond

full faith credit bond
type: Concept
broader: unsecured bond
definition: bond secured by an unconditional promise to pay by another entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Full faith and credit bonds are typically backed by a government entity and are considered low risk.
synonym: full faith and credit bond

write-down
type: Concept
broader: obligation-specific credit event
definition: obligation-specific credit event whereby the book value of the obligation, such as the outstanding principal amount, is reduced
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

Japanese depositary receipt
type: Concept
broader: global depositary receipt
definition: global depositary receipt that represents the purchase, or ownership, of foreign assets which are deposited in a trust bank in Japan
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: JDR
explanatory note: A Japanese Depositary Receipt (JDR) is an instrument issued by a trust bank in Japan that evidences ownership of securities in a corporation organized outside Japan. JDRs trade on the Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE) in yen, and in accordance with Japanese market conventions, enabling foreign issuers to tap the Japanese capital market and local investors to efficiently invest in quality international companies.

metropolitan statistical area
type: Concept
adapted from: 2020-standards-for-delineating-core-based-statistical-areas
broader: government-specified statistical area
adapted from: List of Metropolitan Statistical Areas
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: 06282010 metro standards-Complete.pdf
definition: one or more adjacent counties or county equivalents that have at least one urban core area of at least 50,000 population, plus adjacent territory that has a high degree of social and economic integration with the core as measured by commuting ties
abbreviation: MSA

has primary address number
type: Concept
has in domain: street address
definition: specifies a a location with respect to a given street
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: primary address number

primary address number
type: Concept
broader: address component
definition: address component that identifies a location with respect to a given street
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Although traditionally called a 'number', the street number may consist of alphanumeric characters, for example, '221B'.
synonym: street number

local investment objective
type: Concept
broader: investment objective
definition: financial objective that aims to support geographically centralized, community development needs
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

investment objective
type: Concept
broader: financial objective
definition: financial objective used by an investor to determine whether or not a given potential investment is appropriate for themselves or on behalf of another party
example: An investor whose objective is capital growth might choose to invest in more aggressive, growth-oriented mutual funds and/or stocks, over income-generating mutual funds and/or bonds.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The combination of investment objectives and risk tolerance are typically used to identify appropriate investment options.

financial objective
type: Concept
broader: objective
definition: objective that reflects the strategic financial goals and direction of a party within a time frame and available resources
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, redeemable extendable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

post code area
type: Concept
definition: physical area uniquely identified by some postal code
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

Stock Exchange Daily Official List (SEDOL) code
type: Concept
broader: proprietary security identifier
broader: listed security identifier
broader: National Securities Identifying Number
definition: seven-character security identifier, issued by the London Stock Exchange, that is the National Securities Identifying Number (NSIN) for securities issued in the United Kingdom, which is also part of the ISIN for the security it identifies
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: SEDOL code

parametric cashflow terms
type: Concept
broader: cashflow terms
definition: terms for a set of cashflows defined according to a mathematical formula
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

card validation code
type: Concept
broader: magnetic stripe verification code or value
definition: card verification code specifically for Mastercard payment cards
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: PAN CVC
adapted from: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/pci_security/glossary

high price
type: Concept
broader: security price
definition: highest price for a given security over the period specified
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

foreign bank
type: Concept
explanatory note: Foreign bank means an organization that is organized under the laws of a foreign country and that engages directly in the business of banking outside the United States. The term foreign bank does not include a central bank of a foreign country that does not engage or seek to engage in a commercial banking business in the United States through an office.
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/nicpubweb/Content/HELP/Institution%20Type%20Description.htm
adapted from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21
definition: financial institution organized under the laws of a foreign country, a territory of the United States, Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, or the Virgin Islands, which engages in the business of banking, or any subsidiary or affiliate, organized under such laws, of any such institution
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: For the purposes of the International Banking Act of 1978, the term 'foreign bank' includes, without limitation, foreign commercial banks, foreign merchant banks and other foreign institutions that engage in banking activities usual in connection with the business of banking in the countries where such foreign institutions are organized or operating.
adapted from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-275/pdf/COMPS-275.pdf
broader: bank

action classification scheme
type: Concept
usage note: The set of corporate actions and income events included herein are a subset of those specified in a combination of ISO 15022 Securities - Scheme for Messages (Data Field Dictionary) and the GLEIF LEI-related corporate actions. Other schemes that are specific to a custodian, depository, or regulatory agency may also be important, and should take a similar approach with respect to classification.
definition: scheme for classifying the kinds of actions and events that may be announced, initiated or carried out by an organization that affects a legal entity or the securities it issues
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

Build America Bond
type: Concept
broader: municipal bond
definition: taxable municipal bond issued through December 31, 2010 under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: BABs may be direct pay subsidy bonds or tax credit bonds.

commodity warrant
type: Concept
broader: warrant
broader: commodity derivative
definition: warrant that permits the holder to acquire a specified amount of a commodity during a specified period at a specified price
example: Commodity Warrants Australia (CWA) sells warrants based on 12 commodities and financial markets - crude oil, gold, silver, live cattle, corn, orange juice, soy, coffee, cocoa, the Dow Jones Industrial Average, the NASDAQ Composite Index and the S&P 500 Index.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

card verification value
type: Concept
broader: magnetic stripe verification code or value
definition: card verification value specifically for Visa and Discover payment cards
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CVV
adapted from: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/pci_security/glossary

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable extendable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable exchangeable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: participating preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers less than one per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share

establishment employment
type: Concept
broader: economic indicator
definition: economic indicator representing the total number of persons who work in or for the establishment including working proprietors, active business partners and unpaid family workers, as well as persons working outside the establishment when paid by and under the control of the establishment, for example, sales representatives, outside service engineers and repair and maintenance personnel
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp
explanatory note: Also included are salaried managers and salaried directors of incorporated enterprises. The total should include part-time workers and seasonal workers on the payroll, persons on short-term leave (sick leave, maternity leave, annual leave or vacation) and on strike, but not persons on indefinite leave, military leave or pension. Excluded are directors of incorporated enterprises and members of shareholders committees who are paid solely for their attendance at meetings, labour made available to the establishment by other units and charged for, such as contract workers paid through contractors, persons carrying out repair and maintenance work in the establishment on behalf of other units and all homeworkers.
synonym: payroll employment

foreign branch of foreign bank managed by US office
type: Concept
broader: foreign branch of foreign bank
definition: branch that resides outside of the United States whose parent is located outside of the United States that is managed by a US branch or agency of the foreign bank
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

foreign branch of foreign bank
type: Concept
broader: branch of a depository institution
definition: branch that resides outside of the United States whose parent is located outside of the United States
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: exchangeable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-voting share
broader: extendable preferred share

common, non-voting, unrestricted, fully-paid, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: fully paid share
broader: unrestricted share
broader: registered security
broader: common share
definition: common share that confers exactly 0 votes per share, is unrestricted from a sales perspective, is fully paid and is registered
broader: non-voting share

auction market
type: Concept
broader: exchange
definition: exchange in which buyers and sellers submit competitive bids that do not involve direct negotiations between parties, as part of an auction scheduled either on demand or on a periodic basis
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has occurrence
type: Concept
definition: identifies events of a given occurrence kind, typically as they occur in a schedule
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: occurrence

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

applies methodology
type: Concept
broader: has strategy
definition: indicates the strategy used for the purposes of determining the fair market or present value of something
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: valuation method

has strategy
type: Concept
definition: applies strategy
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: strategy

valuation method
type: Concept
broader: strategy
definition: method used to determine the present or expected worth of an asset
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Asset valuation is the process of determining the fair market or present value of assets, using book values, absolute valuation models like discounted cash flow analysis, option pricing models or comparables. Such assets include investments in marketable securities such as stocks, bonds and options; tangible assets like buildings and equipment; or intangible assets such as brands, patents and trademarks.

unique product identifier service provider
type: Concept
definition: organization designated by an external body of financial regulators to assign UPIs and operate a UPI reference data library
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: At the time of publication of the ISO 4914 standard, there was only one such provider, the Regulatory Oversight Committee, confirmed by the Financial Stability Board as the International Governance Body for globally harmonised identifiers used to track OTC derivatives transactions.
abbreviation: UPI service provider
source: ISO 4914:2021(en), Financial services - Unique product identifier (UPI)

living trust
type: Concept
broader: trust
definition: trust created during an individual's lifetime where a designated person, the trustee, is given responsibility for managing that individual's assets for the benefit of the eventual beneficiary
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A living trust is designed to allow for the easy transfer of the trust creator or settlor's assets while bypassing the often complex and expensive legal process of probate. Living trust agreements designate a trustee who holds legal possession of assets and property that flow into the trust.

is mandated by
type: Concept
broader: is conferred by
definition: relates a responsibility, capacity, or action to that which requires it
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has shareholder
type: Concept
has in domain: issuer
definition: indicates a party that holds shares in the issuer
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: shareholder

bankruptcy
type: Concept
broader: entity-specific credit event
definition: credit event involving a change in state or condition in which a party becomes insolvent
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://thelawdictionary.org/bankruptcy/
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Banking Terms, Sixth Edition, 2012

first regular coupon date
type: Concept
definition: scheduled date for the first regular coupon payment, in a regular repeating series of coupon periods, after any non standard (long or short) first coupon period in the schedule
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is performed by
type: Concept
definition: relates a loan to the financial service provider that services it
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: servicer

servicer
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider
broader: contract third party
definition: party that collects principal and interest payments on behalf of the lender
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In cases where a loan has been securitized, the servicer is also responsible for forwarding payments to investors, filing reports with credit-rating agencies and investors, and so forth.

has final interest payment date
type: Concept
definition: the date on which the last interest payment is due
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Date

New York Article XII investment company
type: Concept
broader: non-depository institution
definition: specialized non-depository lending institution that has broad borrowing and lending powers and may invest in stocks and bonds
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.dfs.ny.gov/institution_definition
explanatory note: An Article XII Investment Company is not an 'investment company' subject to registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940. An Article XII Investment Company may accept credit balances in New York that are incidental to the exercise of its other powers and may accept deposits outside New York with the approval of the Superintendent. Article XII Investment Companies may specialize in commercial or retail sales finance; others are involved in domestic and international commercial and merchant banking.

has first rebate amount
type: Concept
broader: has price
definition: indicates the percentage of the premium paid by the holder for the option
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Both knock-out and knock-in barrier options can contain a provision to provide rebates to holders, if the option does not reach the barrier price and becomes worthless.
has in range: percentage monetary amount

has lifecycle
type: Concept
definition: relates something, such as a product, trade, or related process, to a lifecycle that characterizes it
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: lifecycle

government appointee
type: Concept
broader: government official
broader: executive
definition: individual designated by government decree to lead, or participate in some capacity in a government body
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

equity warrant
type: Concept
broader: equity derivative
definition: warrant that permits the holder to acquire a specified amount of an equity instrument during a specified period at a specified price
broader: traditional warrant
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: company warrant
explanatory note: An equity warrant typically enables a buyer to purchase shares of capital stock issued by the corporation whose equity is the underlying asset.
broader: call warrant

traditional warrant
type: Concept
broader: warrant
definition: warrant that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy (call warrant) or to sell (put warrant) an underlying asset at a specified price (the strike or exercise price) by a predetermined date, issued by the issuer of the underlying instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
synonym: vanilla warrant

call warrant
type: Concept
broader: warrant
definition: warrant giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to acquire specific underlying assets during a specified period at a specified price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019.
explanatory note: Exercising a call warrant whose underlying instrument is an equity involves buying new shares directly from the company, causing dilution.

has scheduled termination date
type: Concept
has in domain: credit protection terms
broader: has termination date
definition: date on which credit protection is due to expire as agreed by both parties
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

credit protection terms
type: Concept
broader: derivative terms
definition: legal terms that define triggering events and associated conditions related to settlement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that there may be additional payment schedules or a more complex calculation formula required depending on the terms of the contract.
synonym: contingent leg

pension fund
type: Concept
broader: managed investment
definition: investment fund run by a financial intermediary on behalf of an organization and its employees/members
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ETF
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019 Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth edition, October 2019
explanatory note: A pension fund is a common asset pool meant to generate stable growth over a long-term investment horizon.

currency volatility option
type: Concept
broader: currency option
definition: currency option whose underlying asset is based on the volatility of a foreign exchange rate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

currency option
type: Concept
broader: vanilla option
definition: option giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell currency at a specified exchange rate during a specified period of time
synonym: foreign exchange option
broader: currency derivative
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: forex option
explanatory note: For this right, a premium is paid to the broker, which will vary depending on the number of contracts purchased. Currency options are one of the best ways for corporations or individuals to hedge against adverse movements in exchange rates. Investors can hedge against foreign currency risk by purchasing a currency option put or call. For example, assume that an investor believes that the USD/EUR rate is going to increase from 0.80 to 0.90 (meaning that it will become more expensive for a European investor to buy U.S dollars). In this case, the investor would want to buy a call option on USD/EUR so that he or she could stand to gain from an increase in the exchange rate (or the USD rise).
abbreviation: FX option

Luxembourg depositary receipt
type: Concept
broader: global depositary receipt
definition: global depositary receipt that represents the purchase, or ownership, of foreign assets which are deposited in a Luxembourg-based account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: LDR
explanatory note: A Luxembourg Depositary Receipt (LDR) is a certificate which represents the purchase, or ownership, of foreign assets which are deposited in a Luxembourg-based account. An LDR functions in much the same way as a global depositary receipt (GDR). LDRs may represent ownership of either an underlying number of shares or a notional amount of bonds.

market category classifier
type: Concept
definition: classifier representing the controlled vocabulary that delineates the nature of the exchange or data reporting services provider where possible
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: As of October 2022, the controlled vocabulary includes two codes that are not semantically useful, namely 'not specified', or NSPD, and 'other', or OTHR. These are included for the sake of completeness but ignored with respect to how the exchange or market is classified. If something has one of these two codes as a market category, they will be classified either as an operating-level or segment-level marketas appropriate with no other distinction in terms of how they are instantiated.
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf

pricing model
type: Concept
definition: expression used to determine a value for an instrument at a given point in time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, enhanced voting, extendable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: enhanced voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: participating preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend

specifies conversion date
type: Concept
has in domain: equity conversion terms
definition: indicates the date on which, or after which, conversion may occur
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Date

equity conversion terms
type: Concept
broader: conversion terms
definition: conversion terms specifying the details regarding conversion of shares into other securities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

conversion terms
type: Concept
broader: redemption provision
definition: contract terms specifying when and how a security may be converted to another security (usually of the same issuer)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has accreting notional amount
type: Concept
broader: has notional amount
definition: indicates that the notional amount increases through the life of the contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10, clause 6.8.2
has in range: monetary amount

syndicated loan
type: Concept
broader: commercial loan
broader: credit facility
definition: credit agreement in which a group of lenders, known as a syndicate, collectively provides a large loan to a single borrower
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A syndicated loan enables pooling of funds from multiple financial institutions, typically under the leadership of one or more arranging banks. These kinds of credit agreements are often used by large corporations, private equity investors and government entities for significant capital needs such as acquisitions, project financing, or to meet operational requirements.

numeric index value
type: Concept
definition: numeric value of some aggregate relative to the value of that aggregate as of some date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/edu/power-pouvoir/glossary-glossaire/5214842-eng.htm#i
explanatory note: A mathematical device or number which is used to express the observation (e.g., price level, volume of trade, relative amount etc.) of a given period, in comparison with that of a prior period.

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable extendable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: non-participating preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: non-cumulative preferred share

legal entity identifier registry
type: Concept
broader: business registry
definition: registry for registering and maintaining information about business entities for a particular jurisdiction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: LEI registry
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1

business registry
type: Concept
definition: registry for registering and maintaining information about business entities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/gleif-registration-authorities-list

has distribution method
type: Concept
has in domain: dividend
broader: has strategy
definition: indicates the method by which dividend payments are to be distributed
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: dividend distribution method

dividend distribution method
type: Concept
broader: strategy
broader: convention
definition: convention by which dividends are provided to shareholders
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Distribution may be by payment of a monetary amount or by reinvestment, as specified by the board of directors at the time a decision to issue a dividend is made.

exchanges
type: Concept
definition: gives something in return something else
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

variable interest calculation formula
type: Concept
broader: fully-indexed interest rate
definition: formula for the calculation of variable interest
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

fully-indexed interest rate
type: Concept
broader: floating interest rate
definition: a variable interest rate that is calculated by adding a margin to a specified index rate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Fully indexed interest rates are used for variable rate credit products. The interest rate on a variable (adjustable) rate mortgage corresponds to a specific benchmark (often the prime rate, but sometimes LIBOR, the one-year constant-maturity Treasury, or other benchmarks) plus a spread (also called the margin. The margin on a fully indexed interest rate product is determined by the underwriter and based on the borrower's credit quality.

fee
type: Concept
broader: monetary amount
definition: charge for services performed
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, voting, perpetual, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has call feature
type: Concept
broader: has repayment terms
definition: indicates the specific terms related to any inherent call feature as specified in the offering/instrument
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: call feature

municipal government
type: Concept
broader: government
definition: regional government of a city, township, or other administrative subdivision
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

specific-provider interest rate benchmark
type: Concept
broader: interest rate benchmark
definition: interest rate benchmark that is made available by a specific market data provider for reference purposes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Benchmarks, such as those published by Bloomberg, Thomson-Reuters, and others, are usually quoted as of a specific date and time of day.

interest rate benchmark
type: Concept
definition: classifier for regularly updated interest rates that are publicly accessible, typically set by a central bank or group of financial institutions
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Benchmark rates, such as EURIBOR, the Fed Funds rate, and many others including those identified as FpML rates, are used as benchmarks for a variety of debt instruments.

passport number
type: Concept
broader: national identification number
definition: national identification number associated with a passport
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

national identification number
type: Concept
definition: number or text which appears on an identity document issued by a country or jurisdiction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_identification_number
explanatory note: A national identification number, national identity number, or national insurance number is used by the governments of many countries as a means of tracking their citizens, permanent residents, and temporary residents for the purposes of work, taxation, government benefits, health care, and other governmentally-related functions. The number will appear on an identity document issued by a country. The ways in which such a system is implemented are dependent on the country, but in most cases, a citizen is issued an identification number at birth or when they reach a legal age (typically the age of 18). Non-citizens may be issued such numbers when they enter the country, or when granted a temporary or permanent residence permit. Many countries issued such numbers ostensibly for a singular purpose, but over time, they become a de facto national identification number. For example, the United States originally developed its Social Security number system as a means of disbursing Social Security benefits. However, due to function creep, the number has become utilized for other purposes to the point where it is almost essential to have one to, among other things, open a bank account, obtain a credit card, or drive a car.
synonym: national identity number

has relative price at issue
type: Concept
broader: has price
definition: indicates a relative price with respect to the face value at which an instrument is issued, namely par, premium or discount
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: relative price

underutilized population
type: Concept
broader: civilian non-institutional population
definition: subset of the civilian non-institutional population that includes persons employed part-time for economic reasons, persons that are marginally attached to the labor force, and persons that are identified as unemployed
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.bls.gov/news.release/empsit.t15.htm

has report date time
type: Concept
definition: date and time at which a report was issued
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: DateTime

has entity status
type: Concept
broader: has stage
definition: indicates the status of the entity (i.e., active, inactive)
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1
has in range: entity status

entity status
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle stage
definition: lifecycle stage indicating the operational and/or legal status of an entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1
explanatory note: In some jurisdictions, there may be other possible values for entity status, such as suspended in the State of California, thus the individuals provided herein are not intended to be exhaustive.

has output
type: Concept
definition: relates something (e.g. an occurrence) to something that is the result of some activity or process
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

is employed in
type: Concept
has in domain: employee
definition: indicates the context of employment in which someone is employed
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: employment

is relative to
type: Concept
definition: identifies a specific date that a relative date or relative date period references
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Date

constant leverage certificate
type: Concept
broader: security-based derivative
broader: option
broader: entitlement
definition: entitlement that combines the structure of an open-end certificate with a leverage option with no fixed term, making leverage available without a term restriction, without a knock-out barrier dependency
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

weighted average remaining term
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: arithmetic mean
definition: weighted average time to maturity of a portfolio of asset-backed securities (ABS) or mortgage-backed (MBS) securities
explanatory note: The longer the WART, the longer the portfolio's assets will take to mature, on average. WART is often used in relation to mortgage-backed securities (MBS) but can also be applied to any portfolio of fixed-income securities. WART is closely related to weighted average loan age (WALA), which is its inverse.
broader: debt pool statistical measure
synonym: weighted average remaining maturity
abbreviation: WART

capital protection certificate with participation
type: Concept
note: Note that capital protection in this case refers to the nominal amount only, and not to the purchase price. The value of the product may fall below its capital protection value during its lifetime, and participation is in the underlying price increase above the strike.
broader: capital-protected product
broader: participation certificate
definition: capital-protected product whose protection is defined as a percentage of the nominal amount (e.g. 100 percent), with minimum redemption at expiry equivalent to the capital protection
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.4.7

is directly consolidated by
type: Concept
broader: is consolidated by
definition: indicates that the entity considered the 'end node' or consolidating entity (parent) fully consolidates the accounting of the 'start node' (child) per the accounting rules specified, and is the closest consolidating entity to that child in any applicable ownership hierarchy
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: GLEIF Level 2 Relationship Record (RR) Common Data Format (CDF), see https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/relationship-record-cdf-format#
has in range: LegalEntity

has reporting period
type: Concept
definition: specifies the reporting period for which a report or something else, such as a market rate or economic indicator, applies
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDatePeriod

real property appraisal
type: Concept
broader: appraisal
definition: value assessment that estimates the amount of money some real property is worth
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The valuation uses one or more methodologies and is conducted by an appraiser or technology with a logical model that performs the same function.

appraisal
type: Concept
broader: assessment report
definition: written estimate of the market value of something as of some point in time, typically provided by a qualified appraiser
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

project identifier
type: Concept
definition: sequence of characters uniquely identifying a specific project within the context in which that project or an overarching program is administered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has final maturity date
type: Concept
has in domain: redemption provision
definition: indicates the final payment date of a financial instrument, at which point the principal (and all remaining interest) is due to be paid
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

projected value at maturity
type: Concept
broader: calculated price
definition: expected value of the underlying asset at maturity calculated as of some date during the lookback period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

calculated price
type: Concept
broader: monetary price
definition: monetary price determined by a formula
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has return leg
type: Concept
has in domain: return swap
broader: has leg
definition: indicates the leg of a return swap whose payments are based on the return of an underlying asset
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: return leg

major swap participant
type: Concept
broader: non-depository institution
definition: financial service provider that maintains a substantial position in swaps for any of the major swap categories
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: MSP
adapted from: http://www.cftc.gov/IndustryOversight/Intermediaries/index.htm
explanatory note: This excludes positions held for hedging or mitigating commercial risk and positions maintained by an employee benefit plan for the primary purpose of hedging or mitigating any risk directly associated with the operation of the plan.

has dated date
type: Concept
has in domain: interest payment terms
definition: specifies the date on which interest begins to accrue on a fixed-income security
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Investors who purchase a fixed-income security between interest payment dates must also pay the seller or issuer any interest that has accrued from the dated date to the purchase date, or settlement date, in addition to the face value.
has in range: ExplicitDate

digital option
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: There is an upfront fee called the premium for digital options, which is the maximum loss for the option. Unlike traditional options, digital options don't convert or exercise to the underlying asset's shares. Instead, they pay out a fixed reward if the asset's price is above or below the option's strike price.
broader: barrier option
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019.
example: For example, let's say the ABC Index is trading at a level of 2,795 on June 2. An investor believes the ABC Index will trade above 2,800 before the end of the trading day, June 4th. The trader purchases 10 ABC Index options at a strike price of 2,800 options for $40 per contract. If the ABC Index closes above 2,800 at the end of the trading day on June 4, the investor is paid $100 per contract, which is a profit of $60 per contract or $600 (($100 - $40) x 10 contracts). However, if the ABC Index closes below 2,800 on June 4. The investor loses all of the premium amount or $400 ($40 x 10 contracts).
synonym: binary option
definition: exotic option that has a pre-determined payout if the option is in-the-money and the payoff condition is satisfied

instrument pool as asset
type: Concept
broader: financial asset
definition: financial asset in the form of an instrument pool
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has ending balance
type: Concept
has in domain: account statement
broader: has balance
definition: relates an account statement to the amount of money available in that account at the end of the statement period
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: balance

account statement
type: Concept
definition: periodic summary of account activity for a given period of time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Common kinds of account statements include checking account statements, usually provided monthly, and brokerage account statements, which are provided monthly or quarterly, depending on the terms of the account agreement. Monthly credit card bills are also considered account statements.

has settlement terms
type: Concept
has in domain: derivative instrument
broader: has contractual element
definition: relates a derivative to contractual terms specific to the settlement process
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: settlement terms

has corresponding account
type: Concept
has in domain: credit agreement
broader: relates to
definition: relates a credit agreement to an account used as the basis for managing transactions
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: loan or credit account

loan or credit account
type: Concept
broader: account
definition: account associated with a service in which the account holder receives funds from the account provider under certain terms and conditions for repayment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that this may be an internal account held on behalf of an institution or a customer account, such as a line of credit account associated with an internal line of business.

has selling currency
type: Concept
broader: has base currency
definition: indicates the currency sold with respect to a currency or related instrument
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Note that the buying and selling currencies could be the same under certain circumstances.
has in range: currency

has base currency
type: Concept
broader: has currency
definition: specifies a unit of currency representing R units of the dealt currency, where R is the exchange rate value, in an exchange rate
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: currency

smart card
type: Concept
broader: payment card
definition: payment card that has integrated circuits embedded within it
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/pci_security/glossary
explanatory note: The circuits, also referred to as the 'chip,' contain payment card data including but not limited to data equivalent to the magnetic-stripe data.

committed sub-facility
type: Concept
broader: sub-facility
definition: contractually committed portion of a credit facility that is available to the borrower and may be associated with some specific collateral
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has validation level
type: Concept
definition: indicates the level of validation performed by the registrar with respect to the legal entity
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: entity validation level

entity validation level
type: Concept
definition: code for the level of validation performed by the GLEIF or LOU with respect to the reference data provided by the registrant
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1

dirty price
type: Concept
broader: security price
definition: debt instrument price that includes accrued interest
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has first premium call date
type: Concept
has in domain: call feature
definition: indicates the first date on which the bond may be called for redemption at a price above par
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

is subsidiary of
type: Concept
has in domain: subsidiary
broader: has controlling affiliate
definition: is controlled directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries and owned at least 50 percent by
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlling affiliate

has controlling affiliate
type: Concept
has in domain: controlled affiliate
broader: is affiliate of
definition: is directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controlled by
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlling affiliate

bookrunner
type: Concept
broader: financial institution
definition: financial institution (typically a commercial or investment bank) responsible for coordinating the arrangement, structuring, and marketing of the loan to potential lenders
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A 'bookrunner' is primarily responsible for managing the distribution and sale of a security during a new issuance, while a 'lead arranger' is the primary bank that structures and leads a syndicated loan, often assigning portions of the loan to other banks to participate in the deal; essentially, the bookrunner focuses on selling the security to investors, while the lead arranger focuses on structuring the loan itself and coordinating the syndicate of lenders involved.

unique product identifier
type: Concept
source: ISO 4914:2021(en), Financial services - Unique product identifier (UPI)
broader: financial instrument identifier
definition: sequence of characters uniquely identifying an OTC derivative product that is reportable to a trade repository
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: UPI
scope note: At a minimum, the UPI code is applicable to OTC derivative instruments falling under the following categories of the Classification of Financial Instruments (ISO 10962): - Swaps (S) - Forwards (J) - Non-listed and complex listed options (H) - Others (miscellaneous) (M)
explanatory note: The UPI code consists of 12 alphanumeric characters decomposed as follows: - the two-character prefix 'QZ' - nine alphanumeric characters (upper case A-Z and 0-9 only, excluding the vowel characters (A, E, I, O, U) and the character Y) without separators or special characters - one alphanumeric check character (A-Z and 0-9 only, excluding the vowel characters (A, E, I, O, U) and the character Y), calculated using the method specified in Annex C of the specification document.

common, restricted voting, restricted, fully-paid, registered share
type: Concept
definition: common share that confers less than one vote per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is fully paid and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
broader: fully paid share
broader: restricted voting share
broader: common share
broader: restricted share

preferred, voting, redeemable extendable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: participating preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share

registration identifier scheme
type: Concept
definition: scheme that defines the registration identifier per the issuing registration authority
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

insurance service
type: Concept
broader: financial service
definition: financial service in which the insurer promises to provide compensation for specific potential future losses in exchange for a periodic payment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014
explanatory note: Insurance providers invest the compensation they receive in order to make a profit. In general, insurance transfers risk from individuals or organizations to a larger pool of individuals or organizations that are better able to mitigate that risk.

has postdirectional symbol
type: Concept
has in domain: street address
definition: specifies a geographic directional symbol that follows the street name and street suffix in a street address
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: postdirectional symbol

postdirectional symbol
type: Concept
broader: geographic directional symbol
definition: geographic directional symbol that follows the street name and street suffix in a street address
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

total return leg
type: Concept
broader: return leg
definition: return leg based on the income generated by the underlying asset as well as any appreciation, decrease in value, capital gains, and fees on any increase in value
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This is distinguished from the more general Return Leg by the addition of increase or decrease in the value of the underlying asset.

International Money Market (IMM) New Zealand Dollar (NZD) trading date rule
type: Concept
broader: trading date rule
definition: trading date rule defined as the last trading day of an Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) New Zealand (NZ) 90-Day Bank Accepted Futures and Options product, the first Wednesday after the ninth day of the relevant settlement month
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: IMM NZD trading date rule

trade lifecycle event
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle event
definition: kind of event that occurs during one or more stages of the lifecycle of a trade
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable exchangeable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: restricted voting share
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: cumulative preferred share

is beneficial owner of
type: Concept
has in domain: beneficial owner
broader: is asset owner
definition: indicates an asset in which the beneficial owner holds rights (typically voting rights, management rights, etc.) in a beneficial ownership situation
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: asset

is asset owner
type: Concept
has in domain: owner
definition: identifies an asset that an owner owns
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: asset

has available amount
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
definition: indicates an amount of money available for an individual or organization to borrow
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

is employing party
type: Concept
has in domain: employer
definition: relates a party in the role of employer to the context of employment
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: employment

direct consolidation
type: Concept
broader: entity ownership
definition: direct ownership of an entity recorded as accounting consolidation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is represented by
type: Concept
definition: relates a system of governance to its chosen representatives
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

signatory capacity
type: Concept
broader: legal capacity
definition: the capacity of some natural person to sign agreements on the part of some organization or legal person
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

point of purchase survey
type: Concept
broader: statistical program
definition: a program conducted on a regular basis that provides information on purchases of various items and services by consumers
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: tpops

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend

has principal repayment date
type: Concept
has in domain: principal repayment terms
definition: relates an instrument to the date by which the principal must be repaid in full
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Depending on the terms of the instrument (debt security, such as a bond, loan, etc.), this may be the date of a single payment of the debt principal or of the completion of scheduled partial redemption payments.
has in range: Date

housing unit
type: Concept
definition: house, an apartment, a mobile home or trailer, a group of rooms, or a single room occupied as separate living quarters, or if vacant, intended for occupancy as separate living quarters
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Separate living quarters are those in which the occupants live separately from any other individuals in the building and which have direct access from outside the building or through a common hall. For vacant units, the criteria of separateness and direct access are applied to the intended occupants whenever possible.

has maximum advance amount
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
definition: specifies the ceiling on the amount of credit that can be drawn by the borrower in a single request with respect to a specific agreement (e.g. for line of credit) within the specified credit limit
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

municipal note
type: Concept
broader: municipal security
definition: short-term obligation to repay a specified principal amount on a certain date, together with interest at a stated rate, usually payable from a defined source of anticipated revenues
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Notes usually mature in one year or less, although notes of longer maturities are also issued.

dispersion swap index constituents leg
type: Concept
broader: dispersion leg
definition: dispersion leg whose underlier is a defined set of constituents of a given equity index
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

financial service provider identifier scheme
type: Concept
definition: scheme that defines the financial service provider identifier per the issuing registration authority or regulatory agency
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

facilitates
type: Concept
definition: acts as an enabler in a situation in which an event, a task, a conversation or something else occurs
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

insured state branch of foreign banking organization
type: Concept
broader: state branch of foreign banking organization
definition: any office or any place of business of a foreign bank located in any State of the United States at which deposits are received, established and operating under the laws of that State that is insured and regulated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-275/pdf/COMPS-275.pdf
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

state branch of foreign banking organization
type: Concept
broader: domestic branch of a foreign bank
definition: branch of a foreign bank located in any State of the United States at which deposits are received, established and operating under the laws of that State, where state means any State of the United States or the District of Columbia
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-275/pdf/COMPS-275.pdf
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

offering statement
type: Concept
broader: offering document
definition: offering memorandum that conforms to Regulation A, Offering Statement, of the Securities Act of 1933
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: See https://www.sec.gov/about/forms/form1-a.pdf for the actual form detail

rating assessment event
type: Concept
broader: assessment event
definition: individual assessment resulting in a grade or score and potentially a report describing the score
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable exchangeable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

Asian option classifier
type: Concept
broader: financial instrument classifier
definition: financial instrument classifier that classifies Asian options based on whether they are rate-based or price based
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is issued by
type: Concept
definition: indicates a functional entity or party responsible for circulating, distributing, or publishing something
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

implies
type: Concept
broader: involves
definition: strongly suggests or involves as a logical consequence based on some set of observations, facts, or events
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has beneficiary
type: Concept
broader: has counterparty
definition: party that receives some benefit or advantage or profits from something as specified in the agreement
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: beneficiary

has counterparty
type: Concept
has in domain: contract
broader: has contract party
definition: identifies a party to a contract, typically not the contract principal
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: counterparty

has comparison population
type: Concept
broader: has input
definition: specifies the subset of the baseline statistical universe or population used for comparison or analysis
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: statistical universe

has input
type: Concept
definition: relates something (e.g. an occurrence) to something that is used as an input to some activity or process
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

is trustee of
type: Concept
has in domain: trustee
definition: identifies the trust over which a trustee has some measure of control
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: trust

has individual payment
type: Concept
has in domain: payment history
definition: links an actual payment of principal, interest, and other related amounts to the overall payment history for an account
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: individual payment transaction

individual payment transaction
type: Concept
broader: individual transaction
broader: payment
definition: actual payment of principal, interest, fees, or other related amounts towards fulfillment of a debt obligation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

individual transaction
type: Concept
broader: occurrence
broader: dated collection constituent
definition: event that has a monetary impact and is documented in the records associated with an account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

payment
type: Concept
broader: occurrence
definition: delivery of money in fulfillment of an obligation, such as to satisfy a claim or debt
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has employee
type: Concept
has in domain: employer
definition: indicates an employee that is employed by the employer
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: employee

elects
type: Concept
has in domain: PartyRole
definition: chooses someone, or a group of individuals, to hold office or some other position by voting
example: the election of officers of an association, the election of directors by the shareholders
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
editorial note: In the case of an election of the members of a board of directors, the bylaws state the manner in which that process is effected. The candidate members may be recommended by the board or other proxy and are then elected by the shareholders. A similar process may be conducted to elect outside auditors.
has in range: PartyRole

preferred, restricted voting, perpetual, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

domestic non-bank subsidiary of a domestic entity
type: Concept
broader: domestic entity
broader: non-bank subsidiary of a domestic entity
definition: non-bank financial service provider based in the United States of which 25 percent or more of whose voting shares are owned or controlled by an entity that is also based in the United States, or of which a majority of its directors are controlled by such domestic entity, or of which 25 percent or more of whose voting shares are held by trustees for the benefit of the shareholders or members of such domestic entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

cross default provision
type: Concept
broader: condition precedent
definition: contract provision that triggers a default under one contract if the borrower defaults on another related obligation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Cross default provisions are commonly found in loans, bond indentures, syndicated loans, and other instruments such as certain master agreements (e.g., derivatives transactions master agreements).

testamentary trust
type: Concept
broader: irrevocable trust
definition: trust established in accordance with the instructions contained in a last will and testament
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A will could have more than one testamentary trust. The trustee named is responsible for managing and distributing the trustor's assets to the beneficiaries as directed in the will. Sometimes called a will trust, the testamentary trust is irrevocable.

irrevocable trust
type: Concept
broader: trust
definition: trust that cannot be modified, amended or terminated except under certain legal circumstances and typically not without the permission of the grantor's named beneficiary or beneficiaries
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Irrevocable trusts also offer asset protection from future creditors and lawsuits.

has priority level
type: Concept
has in domain: guaranty
definition: relates a guaranty to some relative ranking that the guaranty has in the context of the contract, for example for a credit enhancement priority
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: priority level

priority level
type: Concept
definition: relative ranking that a guaranty has in the context of a contract, for example for a credit enhancement priority
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, extendable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

contingent right
type: Concept
broader: right
definition: right that depends on a future event or the performance of an action
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Contingent means that the interest, claim, or right is conditional, realized only when and if something occurs.

has settlement date
type: Concept
definition: indicates the date by which an executed order or transaction must be settled
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Settlement might involve either a buyer paying in cash or a seller delivering the relevant instrument(s) and receiving the proceeds as specified by the terms of a given transaction.
has in range: calculated date

has acquisition price
type: Concept
broader: has price
definition: has a value as of the date of acquisition, expressed as an amount of money or goods
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: price

consumer finance company
type: Concept
broader: finance company
definition: finance company that lends to individuals under the small loans laws of the jurisdiction in which they operate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014
synonym: small loan company
synonym: direct loan company

uses rating performer
type: Concept
has in domain: rating issuer
broader: is produced by
definition: rating performer an issuer uses to assess ratings
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: rating party

is produced by
type: Concept
definition: identifies the producer that fabricates, manufactures or otherwise creates something through some production process
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has dividend adjustment period
type: Concept
has in domain: equity forward
definition: indicates at least one date period used to calculate the deviation between an anticipated/expected dividend and the actual dividend issued during that period
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: dividend adjustment period

equity forward
type: Concept
broader: forward
definition: forward contract to buy or sell the underlying equity stock, equity index, basket of equity stock, equity futures contract, or equity option at a specified future date at the price specified at the outset of the contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

dividend adjustment period
type: Concept
definition: date period used to calculate the difference, if any between an anticipated dividend and the actual dividend distributed in that period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

commercial lending company
type: Concept
broader: non-depository institution
definition: any institution, other than a bank or an organization operating under section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act [12 U.S.C. 601 et seq.], organized under the laws of any State of the United States, or the District of Columbia which maintains credit balances incidental to or arising out of the exercise of banking powers and engages in the business of making commercial loans
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2021-title12/pdf/USCODE-2021-title12-chap32-sec3101.pdf

policyholder
type: Concept
broader: counterparty
definition: counterparty to and typically owner of an insurance policy
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: insured party

contract lifecycle occurrence
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle occurrence
definition: realization of the lifecycle of a specific contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is implied by
type: Concept
definition: indicates something that is strongly suggested by something else, such as a logical consequence based on some set of observations, facts, or events
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

risk reversal
type: Concept
broader: option trading strategy
definition: option trading strategy that consists of being short (selling) an out of the money put and being long (i.e., buying) an out of the money call, both with the same maturity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A risk reversal is a position which simulates profit and loss behavior of owning an underlying security; therefore, it is sometimes called a synthetic long. This is an investment strategy that amounts to both buying and selling out-of-money options simultaneously. In this strategy, the investor will first make a market hunch; if that hunch is bullish, he will want to go long. However, instead of going long on the stock, he will buy an out of the money call option, and simultaneously sell an out of the money put option. Presumably he will use the money from the sale of the put option to purchase the call option. Then as the stock goes up in price, the call option will be worth more, and the put option will be worth less.

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: exchangeable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: participating preferred share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: restricted voting share
broader: registered security

principal protected note
type: Concept
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI code), Fourth edition, 2019-10-01.
synonym: capital protected note
broader: structured finance instrument
broader: capital-protected product
explanatory note: There are one or more reference entities underlying the product. Redemption is made at least in the amount of the conditional capital protection at maturity, provided that no credit event by the reference entity has occurred. Conditional capital protection only applies to the nominal amount and not to the purchase price. The general functioning of a capital guaranteed structured instrument is as follows: the notional amount is split into a zero bond, that will deliver the capital guarantee at maturity, and the difference between the zero bond's value (= present value of the guarantee level at maturity) and the notional amount is used for structuring the performance component with options which deliver the agreed pay-off profile of the structured instrument.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: structured finance that offers investors exposure to chosen underlying assets using various approaches and asymmetric pay-off profiles

national identification number scheme
type: Concept
definition: system for allocating identifiers to national identification numbers
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Schemes for national identification numbers are jurisdiction-specific by country.

trust fund manager
type: Concept
definition: party empowered to act on behalf of the trustee to manage the assets of the trust
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

basket warrant
type: Concept
broader: warrant
definition: warrant that permits the holder to acquire a package or group of assets at a specified price during a specified period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

common, voting, unrestricted, fully-paid, registered share
type: Concept
broader: fully paid share
broader: single voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: common share
definition: common share that confers exactly one vote per share, is unrestricted from a sales perspective, is fully paid and is registered
broader: unrestricted share
broader: registered security

nonprofit fund
type: Concept
broader: private fund
definition: investment vehicle designed to support a nonprofit mission, whose objectives include environmental stewardship and/or social responsibility in addition to financial performance
example: Common examples include endowment funds (permanently invested, only earnings are spent), operating funds (used for day-to-day expenses), and special project funds (earmarked for particular initiatives).
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A nonprofit fund is a pool of financial resources that is established and managed by a nonprofit organization to support its mission and activities, organized for charitable, educational, religious, cultural, or other purposes recognized as serving the public good. Some nonprofit funds are restricted by donors for a specific use (such as an endowment for scholarships), while others are unrestricted and can be used at the nonprofit's discretion.

implied price volatility
type: Concept
broader: price volatility
broader: implied volatility
definition: measure of volatility that represents the expected fluctuations of an underlying stock or index over a specific time frame
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

non-depository trust company - member institution
type: Concept
broader: non-depository trust company
broader: Federal Reserve System member
definition: non-depository trust company that is a member of the Federal Reserve system
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

swap lifecycle event identifier
type: Concept
definition: identifier that uniquely identifies a specific event in the lifecycle of a swap
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

sustainability business objective
type: Concept
broader: business objective
definition: objective related to improving the sustainability profile of the business
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.lsta.org/content/sustainability-linked-loan-principles-sllp/
explanatory note: The borrower of an SLL should clearly communicate to its lenders its sustainability objective(s) and how such objectives align with its proposed sustainability performance targets (SPTs).

business objective
type: Concept
broader: objective
definition: objective that reflects the strategic goals and direction of a business within a time frame and available resources
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Business objectives allow an organization to define its goals and direction. A company uses strategy and tactics at every level of its operation to achieve its objectives. These define the way a company allocates its resources and the strengths, weaknesses and opportunities it may have. Companies usually do not alter their objectives once they are implemented, unless changes in circumstances arise. Setting a clear course for the organization is key to its success.
explanatory note: In general, objectives are more specific and easier to measure than goals. Objectives are basic tools that underlie all planning and strategic activities. They serve as the basis for creating policy and evaluating performance. Some examples of business objectives include minimizing expenses, expanding internationally, or making a profit.

has amortizing notional amount
type: Concept
broader: has notional amount
definition: indicates that the notional amount decreases through the life of the contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10, clause 6.8.2
has in range: monetary amount

combined statistical area
type: Concept
abbreviation: CSA
broader: government-specified statistical area
adapted from: 06282010 metro standards-Complete.pdf
explanatory note: These areas that combine retain their own designations as metropolitan or micropolitan statistical areas within the larger combined statistical area.
adapted from: 2020-standards-for-delineating-core-based-statistical-areas
definition: combination of adjacent metropolitan and micropolitan areas with economic ties measured by commuting patterns
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Combined statistical area

has last notice date
type: Concept
has in domain: settlement terms
definition: specifies the final date on which a delivery notice can be issued
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

average weekly earnings
type: Concept
broader: average earnings
definition: measure of the average weekly wage an employee makes over the reporting period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp

warranty
type: Concept
broader: contractual commitment
definition: contractual element that is a statement of fact
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: If a warranty is determined to be false, the receiving party has a claim for breach of contract. If it is a fundamental breach the receiving party may have the right to terminate the contact in addition to a claim for damages. However, unlike a claim for misrepresentation, the contract may not necessarily be voided in its entirety as a consequence.

sustainability performance target
type: Concept
explanatory note: An SLL borrower should clearly communicate to its lenders its rationale for the selection of its KPI(s) (i.e. relevance, materiality, whether it is core to the borrower’s overall business) and the motivation for the SPT(s) (i.e. ambition level, benchmarking approach and how the borrower intends to reach such SPTs). Borrowers are encouraged to position this information within the context of their overarching objectives, sustainability strategy, policy, sustainability commitments and/or processes relating to sustainability.
abbreviation: SPT
adapted from: https://www.lsta.org/content/sustainability-linked-loan-principles-sllp/
definition: collection of quantitative target values used to calibrate the level of achievement a borrower makes with respect to a key performance indicator, by date, including, but not limited to, the methodology used to calculate its value at any point over the lifetime of a loan
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The process for calibration of the SPT(s) per KPI is key to the structuring of SLLs, since it will be the expression of the level of ambition the borrower is ready to commit to. The SPTs must be set in good faith and remain relevant (so long as they apply) and ambitious throughout the life of the loan.
broader: dated structured collection

birth certificate
type: Concept
broader: identity document
definition: an original document certifying the circumstances of the birth, or a certified copy of or representation of the ensuing registration of that birth
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birth_certificate
explanatory note: A birth certificate is a vital record that documents the birth of a child. Depending on the jurisdiction, a record of birth might or might not contain verification of the event by such as a midwife or doctor.
synonym: certificate of live birth

environmental program
type: Concept
broader: program
definition: broad scale initiative, activity, or investment aimed at improving environmental sustainability, reducing ecological harm, or addressing environmental challenges
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Key characteristics of an environmental or sustainability program include achieving measurable positive environmental outcomes, and aligning with broader sustainability goals, such as those outlined in international frameworks (e.g., the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Paris Agreement). Large scale environmental programs may consist of a number of projects aimed at addressing specific requirements that support the broader challenges outlined under the program.

profit objective
type: Concept
broader: business objective
definition: objective that reflects pursuit of a financial benefit that may be realized when the amount of revenue gained from a business activity exceeds the expenses, costs and taxes needed to sustain that activity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Any profit that is gained goes to the business's owners, who may or may not decide to spend it on the business.
synonym: for profit objective
synonym: profit motive

preferred, voting, extendable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has initial principal payment date
type: Concept
definition: the date on which the first payment against the principal is due
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Date

preferred, non-voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: participating preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: non-voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: cumulative preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered

preferred, enhanced voting, exchangeable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-participating preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: registered security
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: exchangeable preferred share

has adjustable dividend rate
type: Concept
has in domain: preferred dividend
definition: indicates a variable dividend rate, typically specified in the prospectus as a formula based on a benchmark or set at auction
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: percentage monetary amount

government-issued license
type: Concept
broader: license
definition: grant of permission needed to legally perform some task, provide some service, exercise a certain privilege, or pursue some business or occupation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Business and Economics Terms, Fifth Edition, 2012

license
type: Concept
definition: grant of permission needed to do something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Business and Economics Terms, Fifth Edition, 2012
explanatory note: Note that in some cases, a license may also be considered an agreement or contract, depending on the specifics of the license and jurisdiction.

is traded on
type: Concept
has in domain: listed security
definition: identifies the trading facility on which the security is traded
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: exchange

registration identifier
type: Concept
definition: identifier that is officially allocated to an organization at the time of registration, typically in a jurisdiction in which said organization is organized or registered and used in that jurisdiction to identify the organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: In some jurisdictions, such as the State of California, registration identifiers are issued to corporations, including non-profit corporations, limited liability companies, certain partnerships, and foreign corporations doing business in California. The same or a very similar process is used for registration of corporations across the US.
explanatory note: A registration identifier may be required for official communications and is publicly available. The relationship to the jurisdiction in which the organization is organized or registered is typically required, but is optional here to cover cases where jurisdictions may overlap or are not as clearly defined.

claim
type: Concept
broader: legal construct
definition: demand or assertion made by one party on another, based on facts that, taken together, give rise to a legally enforceable right or judicial action
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Claims arise from the existence of a formal commitment between the parties or as implicitly agreed upon through the operation of law or constitution.

preferred, non-voting, redeemable extendable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-participating preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: non-voting share

covered call
type: Concept
broader: call option
definition: call option in which the seller (investor) owns an equivalent amount of the underlying security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

call option
type: Concept
broader: option
definition: option giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to buy the assets specified at a fixed price or formula, on or before a specified date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019.
explanatory note: The seller (issuer) of the call option assumes the obligation of delivering the assets specified should the buyer exercise the option.

preferred, non-voting, redeemable exchangeable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: participating preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered

preferred, non-voting, redeemable extendable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: cumulative preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: non-voting share
broader: extendable preferred share

derivative settlement terms
type: Concept
broader: derivative terms
broader: settlement terms
definition: settlement terms specifying additional details with respect to what is to be delivered when, to whom, under what conditions at the time of settlement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

equity index
type: Concept
broader: reference index
definition: benchmark whose constituents are exclusively equity instruments
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

raw materials sector
type: Concept
broader: industry sector classifier
definition: a classifier used for price indices related to raw materials purchased by industries in Canada for further processing
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2SV.pl

is controlling party of
type: Concept
has in domain: controlling party
definition: indicates something that a controlling party has some amount of authority or influence over
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has first put date
type: Concept
has in domain: put feature
broader: has put date
definition: indicates the initial date on which the holder may sell the bond to the issuer prior to maturity
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

has put date
type: Concept
has in domain: put feature
definition: indicates the date on which a security is subject to redemption by the bond holder
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

preferred, non-voting, redeemable exchangeable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-voting share
broader: participating preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered

has denomination
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
definition: the face value of currency units, coins, or securities
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

card verification value 2
type: Concept
broader: three-digit verification code or value
definition: card verification value specifically for Visa payment cards
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/pci_security/glossary
synonym: CVV2

product identifier
type: Concept
definition: sequence of characters uniquely identifying a product in some context
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

hedge fund
type: Concept
broader: open-end investment
definition: investment fund that pursues a total return and is usually open to qualified investors only
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019 Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth edition, October 2019

preferred, restricted voting, exchangeable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

floating lookback strike expression
type: Concept
broader: cashflow expression
definition: cashflow expression specifying the arguments required to calculate the best projected price at which the lookback option may be exercised
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

Federal Reserve System non-member institution
type: Concept
broader: depository institution
definition: depository institution that is not member of the Federal Reserve System (FRS)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes
explanatory note: A non-member bank is a commercial bank that is state-chartered and NOT a member of the Federal Reserve System. It includes all insured commercial banks and industrial banks.
synonym: non-member bank

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

basket of equities
type: Concept
broader: basket of securities
definition: basket of securities whose constituents are listed shares
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has target value
type: Concept
definition: specifies a collection of values that represent planned or projected goals or objectives for some something over time
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: dated structured collection

observed value
type: Concept
broader: value
definition: value that is an actual data point collected from an experiment, survey, or observation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has lender
type: Concept
broader: has contract party
definition: relates a contract, such as a debt instrument or credit agreement, to one or more parties that are financing the debt
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: lender

lender
type: Concept
broader: contract party
broader: creditor
definition: a party that extends credit or money to a borrower with the expectation of being repaid, usually with interest
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has extendable period
type: Concept
has in domain: extension provision
definition: indicates the window of time during which an extension is allowed under the terms of the contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDatePeriod

manager-managed limited liability company
type: Concept
broader: limited liability company
definition: limited liability company in which the members appoint one or more managers to handle the daily operations and administrative responsibilities of the organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: If no members are interested in managing the LLC, an external manager (someone who doesn't own any portion of the LLC) can be hired to run the business operations, including, in some jurisdictions, a third-party entity, such as another company.

has primary account holder
type: Concept
has in range: customer account holder
synonym: has primary account owner
broader: is held by
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
definition: relates an account to a client or customer that is considered the primary owner of the account
explanatory note: Note that for many financial institutions, there must be a client or customer designated as the primary owner. In cases where there is a tax identifier associated with the account, it is that of the primary owner.
has in domain: customer account

Euroclear Clearstream common code
type: Concept
broader: proprietary security identifier
definition: nine-character alphanumeric securities identifier, issued in Luxembourg, jointly by Euroclear and Clearstream
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.isin.net/common-code-isin/
synonym: common code

commodity option
type: Concept
broader: commodity derivative
broader: vanilla option
definition: option where the option buyer has the right to buy or sell specified commodities or commodity related index at a fixed price or formula, on or before a specified date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10

has closing price determination method
type: Concept
broader: has price determination method
definition: indicates a strategy by which the official closing price is determined
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: This method itself changes quite frequently i.e. the exchange may change the way it computes closing prices.
has in range: closing price determination method

has price determination method
type: Concept
broader: has strategy
definition: indicates a strategy by which a given price is determined
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: price determination method

price determination method
type: Concept
broader: strategy
definition: strategy for calculating or otherwise establishing a price for something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

closing price determination method
type: Concept
broader: price determination method
definition: strategy for calculating or otherwise determining an official closing price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The official closing price is typically the final price at which something trades during regular market hours on an exchange or trading venue. Because of the evolving nature of online trading in a 24 hour world, every exchange has a method of calculating its official closing price, although that methodology changes from time to time. They may also publish an adjusted closing price, which reflects changes to the price that reflect corporate actions and after hours trading that occur before the opening of the exchange on the following day. Understanding how the closing price is determined is important to ensure price comparability for a given security across exchanges.

contact record
type: Concept
definition: record about a party in a specific communicative or liaison role
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Contact records may include attributes such as name, role, communication channel, and affiliation, They may be found in registries, schemas, systems such as those designed for customer relationship management (CRM), enterprise resource planning (ERP), health information, legal and regulatory compliance and others, as well as personal address books, to support communications, coordination, support, or compliance.

preferred, voting, perpetual, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: extendable preferred share

has method of adjustment
type: Concept
has in domain: equity forward
broader: has strategy
definition: indicates the method used to address any changes to the contract based on events that occur over the contract lifecycle
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: forward contract adjustment method

forward contract adjustment method
type: Concept
broader: strategy
definition: method by which adjustments will be made to the contract should one or more of a number of extraordinary events occur
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

index warrant
type: Concept
broader: warrant
definition: warrant that permits the holder to acquire a specified amount based on the performance of an index during a specified period at a specified price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

calendar-specified interval
type: Concept
broader: recurrence interval
definition: recurrence interval that is defined as the nth day of some calendar period (such as a calendar month), and a time direction (forward from the beginning of the month, or backwards from the end)
example: The 15th day of each calendar month.
example: The last day of each quarter, specified as RelativeDay 1, and TimeDirection set to FromEnd.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The nth day is an ordinal number, not a cardinal number. '1' means the first day of the calendar period.

average absolute deviation
type: Concept
broader: dispersion
definition: average of the absolute deviations from a central point
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The central point can be the mean, median, mode, or the result of another measure of central tendency. Absolute deviation is the distance between each value in the data set and that data set's mean or median.
synonym: mean absolute deviation

has first put price
type: Concept
has in domain: put feature
broader: has price
definition: specifies the initial price at which the holder may sell the bond to the issuer prior to maturity
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary price

make whole call
type: Concept
broader: call event
definition: call allowing the issuer to pay off remaining debt early
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The issuer typically has to make a lump sum payment to the investor(s) derived from a formula based on the net present value (NPV) of future coupon payments that will not be paid incrementally because of the call combined with the principal payment the investor would have received at maturity.

time deposit open account
type: Concept
broader: time deposit account
definition: time deposit account that allows deposits (other than time certificates of deposit) for which there is in force a written contract with the depositor that neither the whole nor any part of such deposit may be withdrawn prior to (1) the date of maturity, which shall be not less than seven days after the date of the deposit, or (2) the expiration of a specified period of written notice of not less than seven days
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

time deposit account
type: Concept
broader: non-transaction deposit account
broader: contractual product
definition: deposit account that the depositor does not have a right, and is not permitted, to make withdrawals from within six days after the date of deposit unless the deposit is subject to an early withdrawal penalty of at least seven days' simple interest on amounts withdrawn within the first six days after deposit
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A time deposit from which partial early withdrawals are permitted must impose additional early withdrawal penalties of at least seven days' simple interest on amounts withdrawn within six days after each partial withdrawal. If such additional early withdrawal penalties are not imposed, the account ceases to be a time deposit. The account may become a savings deposit if it meets the requirements for a savings deposit; otherwise it becomes a demand deposit.

non-transaction deposit account
type: Concept
broader: deposit account
definition: any deposit account that is not explicitly considered a transaction account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Non-transaction accounts include: (a) savings deposits ((i) money market deposit accounts (MMDAs) and (ii) other savings deposits) and (b) time deposits ((i) time certificates of deposit and (ii) time deposits, open account).

principal payment
type: Concept
broader: payment
definition: event reflecting the actual payment of some amount of the principal of a debt
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has tick value
type: Concept
has in domain: derivative instrument
broader: has monetary amount
definition: indicates the cash value of one tick, i.e., the minimum price change of the contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

preferred, voting, extendable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: single voting share

is collateralized by
type: Concept
definition: relates an agreement to an asset pledged as security
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: collateral

contractual restriction
type: Concept
broader: contractual commitment
broader: securities restriction
definition: contract terms setting out restrictions on either the holder or the issuer of the security, as specified in the terms of the instrument itself
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

records transaction
type: Concept
definition: links an account statement to the individual transactions it documents
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

project name
type: Concept
definition: contextual designation for a project
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has buyer
type: Concept
definition: indicates the purchasing party in the context of a sales transaction
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: buyer

has put frequency
type: Concept
has in domain: put feature
broader: has recurrence interval
definition: indicates the recurring window of time in which the put feature can be exercised
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: recurrence interval

redeemable preferred share with extendable redemption date
type: Concept
broader: redeemable preferred share
definition: redeemable preferred share whose redemption date can be modified
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: extendible preferred share

redeemable preferred share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share
definition: preferred share that gives the issuer the right to redeem the stock under specified conditions
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

Zip Code
type: Concept
broader: postcode
definition: five-digit code code assigned to a delivery address indicating the state and post office or postal zone
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

failure to pay interest
type: Concept
broader: failure to pay
definition: default event that where either an expected interest payment is missed altogether or the amount paid is less than the required amount
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

specifies value of
type: Concept
definition: relates a derivative to contractual terms specific to valuation of the underlying asset(s)
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

litigation capacity
type: Concept
broader: legal capacity
definition: the legal capacity to pursue a litigation action in law
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

iron butterfly
type: Concept
broader: butterfly
definition: butterfly strategy that consists of two call options and two put options, three strike prices and the same expiration date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The key to using this trade as part of a successful trading strategy is to forecast a time when option prices are likely to decline in value generally. This usually occurs during periods of sideways movement or a mild upward trend.
synonym: iron fly

butterfly
type: Concept
broader: option trading strategy
definition: strategy that combines bull and bear spreads with a fixed risk and capped profit
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: These spreads are intended as a market-neutral strategy and pay off the most if the underlying asset does not move prior to option expiration. They involve either four calls, four puts, or a combination of puts and calls with three strike prices. Butterfly spreads pay off the most if the underlying asset price doesn't change before the option expires. The upper and lower strike prices are equal distance from the middle, or at-the-money, strike price.

qualitative rating score
type: Concept
broader: rating score
definition: rating score that is represented as a qualitative code with respect to some rating scale
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Ratings for the creditworthiness of securities are often qualitative, rather than quantitative, such as a triple-A (i.e., AAA). Many ratings for products and businesses on the Internet are also qualitative, such as 5-star ratings for something.

has redemption premium
type: Concept
has in domain: equity redemption provision
broader: has price
definition: indicates the premium price per share over the market price, if any, that must be paid in order to redeem the stock
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary price

soft credit event
type: Concept
broader: default event
definition: default event that is repairable
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: If the default is not repaired within a grace period, then a failure to repair (failure to pay) credit event is triggered, potentially as a hard default.

foreign branch of US bank
type: Concept
broader: branch of a depository institution
definition: branch that resides outside of the United States, but has a parent that is located in the United States
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

publishes
type: Concept
has in domain: publisher
definition: prepares and issues material for public consumption
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: publication

common, enhanced voting, restricted, partly paid, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: partially paid share
broader: restricted share
broader: common share
definition: common share that confers multiple votes per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is partially paid and is registered
broader: enhanced voting share

preferred, non-voting, exchangeable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: non-voting share
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: participating preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: exchangeable preferred share

has settlement method
type: Concept
has in domain: settlement terms
broader: has strategy
definition: specifies the strategy for settlement from a delivery perspective
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: delivery method

delivery method
type: Concept
broader: distribution strategy
definition: method and commitment to transfer a commodity, currency, security, cash or another instrument as defined in the settlement terms of the contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

distribution strategy
type: Concept
broader: strategy
definition: strategy for making a product or service available, or for distributing funds, such as in the form of a dividend or coupon
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

international electronic funds transfer service
type: Concept
broader: electronic funds transfer service
broader: foreign exchange service
definition: electronic funds transfer (EFT) service involving the transfer of funds across national borders, that may also involve currency conversion
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: international wire transfer

electronic funds transfer service
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014
example: EFT services include transfers through automated teller machines, point-of-sale terminals, automated clearinghouse systems, telephone bill-payment plans in which periodic or recurring transfers are contemplated, and remote banking programs.
synonym: wire transfer service
definition: service involving any transfer of funds other than a transaction involving a paper instrument, that is initiated through an electronic terminal, telephone, or computer and that orders or authorizes a financial institution to debit or credit an account
broader: financial service
abbreviation: EFT

chief executive officer
type: Concept
explanatory note: He or she is the leader of the firm, serves as the main link between the board of directors (the board) and the firm's various parts or levels, and is held solely responsible for the firm's success or failure. One of the major duties of a CEO is to maintain and implement corporate policy, as established by the board. Also called President or managing director, he or she may also be the chairman (or chairperson) of the board.
abbreviation: CEO
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: executive board member
broader: corporate officer
broader: principal party
definition: top corporate officer responsible for an organization's overall operations and performance

executive board member
type: Concept
broader: board member
broader: employee
definition: member of a board of directors that is also an employee of the organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: inside director

has publisher
type: Concept
has in domain: publication
definition: indicates the party in the role of issuing the information
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: publisher

reference value
type: Concept
broader: quantitative value
definition: value for something discernible for which evidence can be obtained
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Derivatives, such as certain exotics, can be based on values ascribed to virtually anything, including weather. Typically, however, a reference value refers to something that can be readily observed in the marketplace, such as a quoted rate (e.g., interest rate, exchange rate), index value, commodity price, stock price, economic indicator, or something similar as of some point in time.

has issued capital
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount
definition: indicates the aggregate value of all shares held by shareholders
synonym: has subscribed capital
explanatory note: A corporation can, at any time, issue new shares up to the full amount of authorized share capital.
broader: has monetary amount
synonym: has subscribed share capital

labor productivity, based on value added
type: Concept
broader: productivity
definition: ratio of a quantity index of value added to a quantity index of labor input
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.oecd.org/std/productivity-stats/2352458.pdf
explanatory note: Shows the time profile of how productively labour is used to generate value added. Labour productivity changes reflect the joint influence of changes in capital, as well as technical, organisational and efficiency change within and between firms, the influence of economies of scale, varying degrees of capacity utilisation and measurement errors.
explanatory note: At the aggregate level, value-added based labour productivity forms a direct link to a widely used measure of living standards, income per capita. Productivity translates directly into living standards, by adjusting for changing working hours, unemployment, labour force participation rates and demographic changes.

geometric mean
type: Concept
broader: mean
definition: mean that indicates the central tendency or typical value of a set of numbers by using the product of their values (as opposed to the arithmetic mean which uses their sum)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The geometric mean is defined as the nth root of the product of n numbers. A geometric mean is often used when comparing different items - finding a single 'figure of merit' for these items - when each item has multiple properties that have different numeric ranges. For example, the geometric mean can give a meaningful 'average' to compare two companies which are each rated at 0 to 5 for their environmental sustainability, and are rated at 0 to 100 for their financial viability. If an arithmetic mean were used instead of a geometric mean, the financial viability is given more weight because its numeric range is larger - so a small percentage change in the financial rating (e.g. going from 80 to 90) makes a much larger difference in the arithmetic mean than a large percentage change in environmental sustainability (e.g. going from 2 to 5).

international bank of US depositary, edge, trust company
type: Concept
broader: bank
definition: bank that is owned or controlled by a US depository institution, Edge Act corporation or trust company
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

rainbow option
type: Concept
definition: exotic option linked to the performances of two or more underlying assets
example: An asset maximum or minimum payout rainbow is similar to the best of n assets plus cash, with the exception that no cash payoff is possible and there is a strike price for this type of option. The payoff of a call and put are given as: Rainbow-Call = max[0, max(S1, S2) - X] Rainbow-Put = max[0, X - max(S1, S2)] Minimum of n Assets. The counterpart to a maximum of n assets, this rainbow pays out the value of the underperformer of the n assets. The payoff for minimum of 2 asset rainbow calls and puts are given as: Rainbow-Call = max[0, mainS1, S2) - X] Rainbow-Put = max[0, X - min(S1, S2)]
example: Better of n Assets This type of rainbow is similar to the best of n assets plus cash but with the exception that there is no possible cash payoff, and X is set to 0. With this in mind, a better of 2 assets rainbow is essentially a two-asset call option, with a payoff being: Rainbow = max[0, max(S1, S2)] Worse of n Assets Essentially the opposite to the better of n assets, with the payoff being on the asset with the lower value. We can give the payoff for this option on 2 assets as: Rainbow = max[0, min(S1, S2)]
example: A best of assets plus cash rainbow effectively has n + 1 payoff possibilities. If we consider a 2 asset "best of plus cash", the payoff at expiry is a choice between Asset 1, Asset 2, or the predetermined cash amount. There is no strike price and the payoff is given as: Rainbow = max(S1, S2, Cash;T)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Rainbow options are usually calls or puts on the best or worst of n underlying assets. Like a basket option, which is written on a group of assets and pays out on a weighted-average gain on the basket as a whole, a rainbow option also considers a group of assets, but usually pays out on the level of one of them. A simple example is a call rainbow option written on FTSE 100, Nikkei and S&P 500 which will pay out the difference between the strike price and the level of the index that has risen by the largest amount of the three.
explanatory note: Rainbbow options can speculate on the best performer in the group or minimum performances of all the underlying assets at one time. Each underlying may be called a color so the sum of all of these factors makes up a rainbow. These structures can be rather exotic and made for institutional clients when referring to financial assets. Rainbow options can be structured in many ways depending on how the performances of each underlying asset are considered. Some pay off based on the best or worst performance among the underlying assets. In other words, it looks at the top or bottom performance and pays off based on that single asset. These are sometimes called 'best of' or 'worst of' rainbow options.
broader: exotic option

dark pool
type: Concept
broader: alternative trading system
definition: privately organized alternative trading system, that allows institutional investors the ability to trade without exposure until after the trade has been executed and reported
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

specifies conversion into
type: Concept
has in domain: conversion terms
definition: specifies a security that will replace a convertible security under the terms of the agreement
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: security

fund of funds
type: Concept
broader: managed investment
definition: investment fund that invests directly in other investment funds rather than investing in stocks, bonds, and other securities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019 Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth edition, October 2019
synonym: umbrella fund

private limited company
type: Concept
broader: private company with limited liability
definition: private limited company whose shareholders' liability is limited to the capital they originally invested
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: Ltd.
explanatory note: Private limited companies are common in countries including the U.K., Ireland, and Canada. They have one or more members, also called shareholders or owners, who buy in through private sales. Directors are company employees who keep up with all administrative tasks and tax filings but do not need to be shareholders.

buys
type: Concept
has in domain: buyer
definition: links a party in the role of purchaser to something that they have purchased or plan to purchase
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: product

consumer asset-backed security
type: Concept
broader: asset-backed security
broader: structured finance instrument
definition: structured finance securities collateralized by pools of auto loans and leases (auto ABS), credit card receivables (credit card ABS) or student loans (student loan ABS)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://content.naic.org/sites/default/files/capital-markets-primer-consumer-abs.pdf

unsponsored depositary receipt
type: Concept
broader: American depositary receipt
definition: depositary receipt that is established without the company's cooperation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: For an unsponsored ADR, a depositary entity can issue certificates when there's heavy demand from investors for ownership in a specific company from abroad. The issuing entity is normally a broker-dealer that owns common stock in the company. Because they're issued without the consent or cooperation of the foreign company, unsponsored ADRs generally trade over-the-counter (OTC)—rather than on a stock exchange. Also, shareholder benefits and voting rights may not be extended to the holders of these particular securities. Many large global corporations use unsponsored ADRs to attract American capital. For example, American investors can invest in Royal Mail PLC, a postal and delivery service company from the United Kingdom that was founded by Henry VIII. The company's unsponsored ADR trades OTC under the ticker symbol ROYMY.

preferred, restricted voting, extendable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

commodity index
type: Concept
broader: reference index
definition: investment vehicle that tracks a basket of commodities to measure their price and investment return performance
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10

physical collateral
type: Concept
broader: collateral
definition: asset pledged as collateral that has a material form, i.e., is a physical asset of the obligor
example: Examples of physical collateral include, but are not limited to, real estate, equipment, vehicles, spare parts, inventory, goods, supplies, fixtures, and leasehold improvements.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

official closing price
type: Concept
broader: closing price
definition: price of the final trade of a security at the end of a trading day on a given exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A stock's closing price is the standard benchmark used by investors to track its performance over time.
synonym: end-of-day price

real property
type: Concept
definition: physical asset defined as land together with any structures that are permanently attached to that land, such as houses, trees, fences and improvements
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/10/600.101
broader: physical asset
explanatory note: Real property typically encompasses both the physical land and everything that lies above, below, or on its surface, including any fixed structures, natural resources, and rights or interests (e.g., mineral rights). There are cases, such as condominiums, in which the interior of the structure is owned by a party that may not own the land. There are also cases in which certain long-term leases have similar characteristics to ownership, but are time-bound.
broader: real estate
synonym: parcel
explanatory note: Real property may be classified according to its general use as residential, commercial, agricultural, industrial, or special purpose. This term is sometimes used synonymously with 'real estate', though not in all circumstances under US law.

physical asset
type: Concept
broader: tangible asset
definition: tangible asset that has a material form, such as property, equipment, and inventory
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Physical (tangible) assets are real items of value that are used to generate revenue for a company.

real estate
type: Concept
broader: asset
definition: real property, interests in mortgages on real property (including interests in mortgages on leaseholds of land or improvements thereon), and shares in qualified real estate investment trusts
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/26/1.856-3
explanatory note: The term 'mortgages on real property' includes deeds of trust on real property. Note that interpretation of the term 'real estate' is context-dependent - this broader interpretation is used in tax law in the US and elsewhere.
synonym: real estate asset

has event date
type: Concept
definition: identifies a date associated with an event (occurrence)
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Date

call premium
type: Concept
broader: monetary price
definition: the price over par paid by an issuer to redeem securities when exercising a call provision
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has rating score
type: Concept
has in domain: rating
definition: indicates the grade or score associated with a rating with respect to a particular rating scale
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: rating score

currency warrant
type: Concept
broader: warrant
broader: currency derivative
definition: warrant that permits the holder to acquire a specified amount in a certain currency at a specified exchange rate during a specified period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

trading day
type: Concept
explanatory note: In the United States, and with respect to common stock in particular, trading day means any day on which the stock is traded on the principal market, or, if the principal market is not the principal trading market for the common stock, then on the principal securities exchange or securities market on which the common stock is then traded, provided that 'Trading Day' shall not include any day on which the common stock is scheduled to trade on such exchange or market for less than 4.5 hours or any day that the common stock is suspended from trading during the final hour of trading on such exchange or market (or if such exchange or market does not designate in advance the closing time of trading on such exchange or market, then during the hour ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time) unless such day is otherwise designated as a trading day in writing by the holder.
adapted from: https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/trading-day
usage note: By convention it is sufficient to provide a value for hasOpeningDateTime, with hasClosingDateTime being optional.
definition: time span that a particular trading venue is open
synonym: regular trading hours
abbreviation: RTH
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

swap execution facility
type: Concept
broader: exchange
definition: exchange that enables participants to execute and trade swaps
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: SEF
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf
explanatory note: Swap execution facilities, including trading systems and other platforms, allow for greater transparency and represent a significant shift in the way derivative trading has been done. The Dodd-Frank Act lays the foundation for this change of derivative execution.

investment firm
type: Concept
broader: credit institution / investment firm
definition: any legal person whose regular occupation or business is the provision of one or more investment services to third parties and/or the performance of one or more investment activities on a professional basis
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/

bankers' bank that is not subject to reserve requirements
type: Concept
broader: bankers' bank
definition: bankers' bank whose activities are not limited by specific requirements of the Federal Reserve
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/nicpubweb/Content/DataDownload/NPW%20Data%20Dictionary.pdf

bankers' bank
type: Concept
broader: U.S. bank
broader: commercial bank
definition: commercial bank owned exclusively (except to the extent directors' qualifying shares are required by law) by other depository institutions or depository institution holding companies, the activities of which are limited by its articles of association exclusively to providing services to or for other depository institutions, their holding companies, and the officers, directors, and employees of such institutions and companies, and to providing correspondent banking services at the request of other depository institutions or their holding companies
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980, available at https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-94/pdf/STATUTE-94-Pg132.pdf, section 711
explanatory note: Bankers' banks are typically (1) organized solely to do business with other financial institutions (with the exceptions defined herein), (2) owned primarily by the financial institutions with which they conduct business, and (3) do not do business with the general public.

U.S. bank
type: Concept
explanatory note: The Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 defines a bank as any depository financial intermediary that accepts checking accounts (checks) or makes commercial loans, and its deposits are insured by a federal deposit insurance agency. A bank acts as a middleman between suppliers of funds and users of funds, substituting its own credit judgement for that of the ultimate suppliers of funds, collecting those funds from three sources: checking accounts, savings and time deposits; short-term borrowings from other banks; and equity capital. A bank earns money by reinvesting these funds in longer-term assets.
definition: bank that is licensed to conduct business in the United States
broader: bank
broader: domestic entity
adapted from: As defined in the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, https://www.fdic.gov/regulations/laws/rules/1000-400.html#fdic1000sec.3a
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A bank, as specified in the Investment Company Act of 1940, is a financial intermediary that is (a) a depository institution (as defined in section 3 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act) or a branch or agency of a foreign bank (as such terms are defined in section 1(b) of the International Banking Act of 1978), (b) a member bank of the Federal Reserve System, (c) any other banking institution or trust company, whether incorporated or not, doing business under the laws of any State or of the United States, a substantial portion of the business of which consists of receiving deposits or exercising fiduciary powers similar to those permitted to national banks under the authority of the Comptroller of the Currency, and which is supervised and examined by State or Federal authority having supervision over banks, and which is not operated for the purpose of evading the provisions of this title, and (d) a receiver, conservator, or other liquidating agent of any institution or firm included in clause (a), (b), or (c) of this paragraph.

is incorporated in
type: Concept
has in domain: corporation
definition: the legal jurisdiction under which the legal entity is incorporated
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: It is the laws of this jurisdiction that cause and allow the legal entity to exist and to incur debt and be sued at law as a legal entity.
has in range: Jurisdiction

has fixed comparative date
type: Concept
definition: specifies the a specific date, such as the end of the last recession (e.g., March 2009) against which the scoped measure is compared
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

has initial interest payment date
type: Concept
definition: the date on which the first interest payment is due
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Date

observed indicator value
type: Concept
broader: dated collection constituent
definition: observation (measurement) of a key performance indicator measured at specific date and time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

common, enhanced voting, unrestricted, fully-paid, registered share
type: Concept
broader: common share
broader: registered security
definition: common share that confers multiple votes per share, is not restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is fully paid and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: unrestricted share
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: fully paid share

green project use of proceeds provision
type: Concept
broader: use of proceeds provision
definition: use of proceeds provision specifying that funds obtained through financing, such as through a credit agreement, offering, warrant, or other instrument are intended to be used for Green Projects (including other related and supporting expenditures, including research and development)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: All designated Green Projects should provide clear environmental benefits, which will be assessed, and where feasible, quantified, measured and reported by the borrower, per requirements outlined in the LMA Green Loan Principles (GLP). Where funds are to be used, in whole or part, for refinancing, it is recommended that borrowers provide an estimate of the share of financing versus refinancing. Where appropriate, they should also clarify which investments or project portfolios may be refinanced, and, to the extent relevant, the expected look-back period for refinanced Green Projects. A green loan may take the form of one or more tranches of a loan facility. In such cases, the green tranche(s) must be clearly designated, with proceeds of the green tranche(s) credited to a separate account or tracked by the borrower in an appropriate manner. The GLP explicitly recognise several broad categories of eligibility for Green Projects with the objective of addressing key areas of environmental concern such as climate change, natural resources depletion, loss of biodiversity, and air, water and soil pollution. This non-exhaustive list, set out in Appendix 1, is intended to capture the most usual types of projects supported, and expected to be supported, by the green loan market. However, it is recognised that definitions of green and green projects may vary depending on sector and geography
source: Loan Market Association (LMA) Green Loan Principles, available at https://www.icmagroup.org/assets/documents/Regulatory/Green-Bonds/LMA_Green_Loan_Principles_Booklet-220318.pdf.

has home country
type: Concept
has in domain: financial service provider
definition: indicates, with respect to a foreign bank, the country in which the foreign bank is chartered or incorporated
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21
has in range: Country

Puerto Rico address
type: Concept
broader: conventional street address
definition: delivery address for a delivery point in Puerto Rico that may include a supplementary address line containing the abbreviation 'URB' followed by the name of the urbanization area that is appropriate for that address
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

uses currency
type: Concept
definition: indicates the currency defined for the credit card product
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: currency

foreign branch ownership
type: Concept
broader: entity ownership
definition: ownership by some party of some formal organization or organizational sub-unit that is a foreign affiliate and legally part of the owning entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, restricted voting, exchangeable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

state credit union
type: Concept
broader: U.S. credit union
definition: credit union that has a state affiliation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

U.S. credit union
type: Concept
broader: credit union
broader: thrift institution
definition: cooperative association organized for the purpose of promoting thrift among its members and creating a source of credit for provident or productive purposes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: As soon as you deposit funds into a credit union account, you become a partial owner and participate in the union's profitability. Credit unions may be formed by large corporations and organizations for their employees and members.

has first notional step date
type: Concept
definition: indicates the initial date in a notional step schedule
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

has interest payment day
type: Concept
broader: has recurrence interval
definition: the day of the month on which interest payments must be made on the debt
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: recurrence interval

financial holding company
type: Concept
synonym: Financial Holding Company / BHC
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes
note: Can be a domestic or foreign domiciled holding company
explanatory note: These activities include: insurance underwriting, securities dealing and underwriting, financial and investment advisory services, merchant banking, issuing or selling securitized interests in bank-eligible assets, and generally engaging in any non-banking activity authorized by the Bank Holding Company Act. The Federal Reserve Board is responsible for supervising the financial condition and activities of financial holding companies. Similarly, any non-bank commercial company that is predominantly engaged in financial activities, earning 85 percent or more of its gross revenues from financial services, may choose to become a financial holding company. These companies are required to sell any non-financial (commercial) businesses within ten years.
broader: bank holding company
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: financial entity engaged in a broad range of banking-related activities as permitted under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999

uses method
type: Concept
definition: employs method
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: method

method
type: Concept
broader: approach
definition: approach distinguished by systematic, repeatable procedures and operational specificity for doing or calculating something, consisting of defined steps or rules to achieve a result
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

registered investment advisor
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider
broader: registered agent
definition: registered agent and financial service provider that advises high net worth individuals on investments and manages their portfolios
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: RIA

emancipated minor
type: Concept
broader: minor
definition: a minor who is allowed to conduct a business or any other occupation on his or her own behalf or for their own account outside the control of a parent or guardian
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emancipated_minor
explanatory note: The minor will then have full contractual capacity to conclude contracts with regard to the business. Whether parental consent is needed to achieve emancipated status varies from case to case. In some cases, court permission is necessary. Protocols vary by jurisdiction.

minor
type: Concept
broader: person
definition: a person under a certain age, usually the age of majority in a given jurisdiction, which legally demarcates childhood from adulthood
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minor_(law)
explanatory note: The age depends upon jurisdiction and application, but is generally 18.

has first delivery date
type: Concept
has in domain: settlement terms
definition: specifies the initial date in a range of dates by which the underlying asset (or some portion thereof) must be delivered in order for the terms of the contract to be fulfilled
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

barrier reverse convertible certificate
type: Concept
note: Due to the barrier, the probability of maximum redemption is higher; the coupon, however, is smaller than for a reverse convertible. It has reduced risk compared to a direct investment into the underlying asset(s). With higher risk levels, multiple underlying assets (worst-of) allow for higher coupons or lower barriers; limited profit potential (Cap).
broader: participation certificate
broader: structured finance without principal protection
definition: participation certificate whose payout is conditional: should the barrier never be breached, the nominal price plus coupon is paid at redemption; if the barrier is breached the product changes into a reverse convertible
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.4.8

contract lifecycle stage occurrence
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle stage occurrence
definition: realization, from start to finish of a phase in an occurrence of a specific contract lifecycle
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

designates signatory
type: Concept
definition: authorizes to sign agreements, access accounts and/or perform other similar tasks
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: signatory

preferred, voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: cumulative preferred share

financial instrument classification code
type: Concept
broader: financial instrument classifier
definition: classifier and code for a financial instrument defined in the ISO 10962 Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI) Code Scheme
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CFI code
adapted from: https://www.iso.org/standard/73564.html

licensor
type: Concept
definition: a party who grants a license
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Business and Economics Terms, Fifth Edition, 2012

involves merchant
type: Concept
broader: involves
definition: indicates the merchant (seller) involved in the transaction
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: merchant

merchant
type: Concept
broader: functional business entity
definition: party engaged in the purchase and sales of goods produced by others for profit
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

common, non-voting, restricted, fully-paid, registered share
type: Concept
broader: restricted share
broader: registered security
broader: non-voting share
broader: fully paid share
definition: common share that confers exactly 0 votes per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is fully paid and is registered
broader: common share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has default interest compounding basis
type: Concept
has in domain: interest obligation in light of default
definition: indicates the basis on which default interest is to be calculated, as a period of time
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: DatePeriod

interest obligation in light of default
type: Concept
broader: contractual obligation
broader: contingent obligation
definition: obligation in respect of default(s) in the performance of any payment obligation
example: Prior to the occurrence or effective designation of an early termination date in respect of the relevant transaction, a party that defaults in the performance of any payment obligation will, to the extent permitted by law (and in the case of an ISDA Master Agreement is subject to Section 6(c)), be required to pay interest (before as well as after judgment) on the overdue amount to the other party on demand in the same currency as such overdue amount, for the period from (and including) the original due date for payment to (but excluding) the date of actual payment, at the default rate. Such interest will be calculated on the basis of daily compounding and the actual number of days elapsed.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

contractual obligation
type: Concept
broader: legal obligation
definition: legally binding obligation that arises from the terms of a contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Contractual obligations require a party to perform or refrain from performing specific actions, and failure to meet an obligation can result in legal consequences.

has beneficial owner
type: Concept
has in domain: asset
broader: is asset of
definition: indicates the party that retains rights in the asset they own in a beneficial ownership situation
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: beneficial owner

is asset of
type: Concept
has in domain: asset
definition: identifies the owner of an asset
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: owner

verbal contract
type: Concept
broader: contract
definition: contract that exists as a result of some verbal exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

uninsured state branch of foreign banking organization
type: Concept
broader: state branch of foreign banking organization
definition: any office or any place of business of a foreign bank located in any State of the United States at which deposits are received, established and operating under the laws of that State that is not insured or regulated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-275/pdf/COMPS-275.pdf
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes
explanatory note: An uninsured branch does not accept retail deposits and need not apply for federal deposit insurance.

has underlying asset price
type: Concept
broader: has price
definition: specifies a price for something on which the contract is based
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary price

rates
type: Concept
has in domain: rating
definition: indicates the instrument, party or something else to which a rating applies
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

environmental resource
type: Concept
broader: negotiable commodity
definition: negotiable commodity including offset credits
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10

account as an asset
type: Concept
broader: financial asset
definition: financial asset in the form of an account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

licensed agent
type: Concept
broader: licensee
broader: legal agent
definition: any individual who is licensed to perform a legally binding function, and who has been legally empowered to act on behalf of another party
example: Insurance agents, realtors, financial advisors, certain attorneys, and brokers are examples of legal agents.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: 17 CFR 45.1, Definitions - see the definition of agent

Indian depositary receipt
type: Concept
broader: global depositary receipt
definition: global depositary receipt that represents the purchase, or ownership, of foreign assets which are deposited in a Indian account managed by the Domestic Depository in India
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: IDR
explanatory note: An Indian Depository Receipt (IDR) is an instrument denominated in Indian Rupees in the form of a depositary receipt created by a Domestic Depository (custodian of securities registered with the Securities and Exchange Board of India) against the underlying securities of issuing company to enable foreign companies to raise funds from the Indian securities Markets.

reverse convertible certificate
type: Concept
note: Note that in the case of a reverse convertible certificate, the coupon is paid regardless of the underlying development. It has reduced risk compared to a direct investment into the underlying asset. With higher risk levels, multiple underlying assets (worst-of) allow for higher coupons; limited profit potential (Cap).
broader: participation certificate
broader: structured finance without principal protection
definition: participation certificate whose payout is conditional: should the underlying asset close below the strike on expiry, the underlying asset(s) and/ or a cash amount is redeemed; should the underlying asset close above the strike at expiry, the nominal amount plus the coupon is paid at redemption
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.4.8

has borrower
type: Concept
broader: has contract party
definition: relates a contract, such as a debt instrument or credit agreement, to one or more parties that are incurring the debt
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: borrower

borrower
type: Concept
broader: customer
broader: contract party
broader: debtor
definition: party to a credit agreement that is obligated to repay the amount borrowed (principal) with interest and other fees according to the terms of the instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

customer
type: Concept
broader: buyer
definition: party that receives or consumes products (goods or services) and has the ability to choose between different products and suppliers
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

packaged financial product
type: Concept
explanatory note: Certain properties of the instruments, such as their term, interest rate, eligibility of the client, etc., may be set as a part of the product specification. Some of these are intrinsic but variable properties of the instrument, for example the exact interest rate, whereas others are extrinsic, such as client eligibility. Product offerings have prices, which may build in various fees, that are components of the cost of carry on a trader's books.
broader: contractual product
explanatory note: SEC Rule 434 defines structured securities as 'securities whose cash flow characteristics depend upon one or more indices or that have embedded forwards or options or securities where an investor's investment return and the issuer's payment obligations are contingent on, or highly sensitive to, changes in the value of underlying assets, indices, interest rates or cash flows'.
synonym: structured product
explanatory note: Reference assets and market measures may include single equity or debt securities, indexes, commodities, interest rates and/or foreign currencies, as well as baskets of these reference assets or market measures. Like other well-known market instruments such as convertible bonds, many structured products are hybrid securities. Structured products typically have two components - a debt instrument and a derivative, which is often an option. The debt instrument, in some instances, may pay interest at a specified rate and interval. The derivative component establishes payment at maturity, which may give the issuer the right to buy from you, or sell you, the referenced security or securities at a predetermined price. For example, structured products may combine characteristics of debt and equity or of debt and commodities.
synonym: market-linked investment
broader: financial product
definition: financial product that acts as a container for at least one financial instrument, including other financial products, and whose value is derived from, or based on a reference asset, market measure, or investment strategy
scope note: Packaged products are typically included in an institution's approved product catalog, i.e., pre-approved by compliance organizations for sale to clients. Not all institutions maintain such a catalog, with internal identifiers for such products, but many do. Such core products may have as attributes: Type (product and possibly asset class), product identifier, status and approval date, product family approval (as appropriate), and so forth.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

securities basket constituent
type: Concept
broader: weighted basket constituent
broader: dated collection constituent
definition: security identified as a component of a basket of securities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

regulatory capacity
type: Concept
broader: legal capacity
definition: the capacity of some natural person to regulate some industry, organization, or product by virtue of some certification program on behalf of some regulatory agency
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

partial call
type: Concept
broader: call event
definition: call of part of an issue
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

barrier capital protection certificate
type: Concept
note: Note that capital protection in this case refers to the nominal amount only, and not to the purchase price. The value of the product may fall below its capital protection value during its lifetime; participation is in the underlying price increase above the strike up to the barrier; possibility of rebate payment once barrier is breached; limited profit potential.
broader: capital-protected product
broader: participation certificate
definition: capital-protected product whose protection is defined as a percentage of the nominal price (e.g. 100 percent), with minimum redemption at expiry equivalent to the capital protection
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.4.7

tax authority
type: Concept
definition: regulatory agency that has jurisdiction over the assessment, determination, collection, imposition and other aspects of any tax
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/tax-authority
adapted from: https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/tax-authority

unit of account identifier
type: Concept
definition: sequence of characters that can be used to uniquely identify a nominal monetary unit
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

asset class
type: Concept
adapted from: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/17/45.1
explanatory note: Asset class means the broad category of goods, services or commodities, including any 'excluded commodity' as defined in CEA section 1a(19), with common characteristics underlying a swap. The asset classes include credit, equity, foreign exchange (excluding cross-currency), interest rate (including cross-currency), other commodity, and such other asset classes as may be determined by the Commission.
broader: financial instrument classifier
explanatory note: The three main asset classes are equities, or stocks; fixed income, or bonds; and cash equivalents, or money market instruments. Some investment professionals add real estate and commodities, and possibly other types of investments, to the asset class mix.
definition: financial instrument classifier for a group of securities that exhibit similar characteristics, behave similarly in the marketplace and are subject to the same laws and regulations
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/assetclasses.asp

Federal Reserve district
type: Concept
definition: a region of the US identifying the jurisdiction of a Federal Reserve Bank, numbered and named for the city in which that reserve bank is located
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://federalreserve.gov/otherfrb.htm
explanatory note: The Federal Reserve officially identifies Districts by number and Reserve Bank city. In the 12th District, the Seattle Branch serves Alaska, and the San Francisco Bank serves Hawaii. The System serves commonwealths and territories as follows: the New York Bank serves the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands; the San Francisco Bank serves American Samoa, Guam, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. The Board of Governors revised the branch boundaries of the System in February 1996.

preferred, voting, redeemable extendable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: extendable preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, and is registered

reporting policy
type: Concept
broader: policy
definition: policy specifying principles, rules and/or guidelines regarding some aspect of reporting
example: For example a policy for how frequently a given kind of report is produced.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

policy
type: Concept
definition: system of principles, rules and guidelines, adopted by an organization to guide decision making with respect to particular situations and implemented via procedures or protocols to achieve stated goals
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has payment amount
type: Concept
has in domain: payment
broader: has monetary amount
definition: specifies the amount of money involved in a payment
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

delivery point code set
type: Concept
definition: system of numeric codes that substitute for specified delivery point details according to the U.S. Postal Service Publication 28
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has owning party
type: Concept
has in domain: ownership
definition: identifies the actor that holds title to the asset in an ownership situation
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: owner

preferred, restricted voting, extendable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: restricted voting share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: participating preferred share
broader: registered security

retractable preferred share with extendable redemption date
type: Concept
broader: retractable preferred share
definition: retractable preferred share whose redemption date can be modified
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: extendible preferred share

volume-weighted average price
type: Concept
broader: price analytic
definition: average price at which a given security has traded throughout a trading day, determined by multiplying each trade by its volume, adding the results, then dividing by the volume traded for the day
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: VWAP

preferred, voting, redeemable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

state member bank
type: Concept
broader: state-chartered bank
broader: Federal Reserve System member
definition: state-chartered bank that is a member of the Federal Reserve System (FRS)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.ffiec.gov/nicpubweb/Content/HELP/Institution%20Type%20Description.htm

state-chartered bank
type: Concept
broader: U.S. bank
broader: commercial bank
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes
explanatory note: State-chartered banks may or may not be members of the Federal Reserve System, but typically belong to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, who may be their primary federal regulator for those that are not FRS members.
explanatory note: A state bank is defined as any bank, banking association, trust company, savings bank, industrial bank (or similar depository institution operating substantially in the same manner as an industrial bank), or other banking institution which is engaged in the business of receiving deposits other than trust funds, and in the US, is incorporated under the laws of any State or which is operating under the Code of Law for the District of Columbia, including any cooperative bank or other unincorporated bank the deposits of which were insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation on the day before the date of the enactment of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989.
definition: commercial bank whose charter is approved by a state banking regulator

has legal structure
type: Concept
has in domain: pooled fund
definition: indicates the legal form that the fund takes
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: legal fund structure

legal fund structure
type: Concept
broader: legal construct
definition: structure of a fund with respect to its legal formation in some jurisdiction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has party in control
type: Concept
has in domain: control
definition: indicates the actor in the context of a control situation
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlling party

interest payment
type: Concept
broader: payment
definition: event reflecting the actual payment of interest
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has execution date time stamp
type: Concept
definition: indicates the date and time, including time zone, a contract has been signed by all the necessary parties
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: DateTimeStamp

has advisor
type: Concept
has in domain: controlled party
broader: has controlling party
definition: indicates the party that acts in an advisory capacity to the controlled party
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlling party

swaption
type: Concept
broader: exotic option
definition: over-the-counter option that confers the right but not the obligation, to enter into a swap transaction at some time in the future
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A swaption, also known as a swap option, refers to an option to enter into an interest rate swap or some other type of swap. In exchange for an options premium, the buyer gains the right but not the obligation to enter into a specified swap agreement with the issuer on a specified future date.
synonym: swap option

fixed payment leg
type: Concept
usage note: Payments may be fixed or variable, which is independent from the function of the leg (payments, return etc.). The schedule may be expressed in one of two ways: as an explicit schedule of dates or as a formula for determining payment dates in advance (taking into account for example roll rules for non working days).
broader: swap leg
definition: swap leg that specifies contractual terms associated with a schedule of payments for any swap calculated by reference to a fixed annual rate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: funding leg
synonym: fixed payment stream terms

preferred, non-voting, exchangeable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

CUSIP International Numbering System (CINS) number
type: Concept
broader: proprietary security identifier
definition: 9-character alphanumeric identifier that employs the same 9 characters as CUSIP, but also contains a letter of the alphabet in the first position signifying the issuer's country or geographic region, issued by CUSIP Global Services
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CINS
adapted from: https://www.cusip.com/cusip/about-cgs-identifiers.htm
synonym: CINS number

sale
type: Concept
broader: transaction event
definition: exchange of goods or services for money
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

business strategy classifier
type: Concept
broader: action classifier
definition: classifier of corporate actions that involve improving liquidity or changing the overall structure of the organization through diversification, combining and closing parts of the business, etc, to increase long-term profitability
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

action classifier
type: Concept
broader: occurrence kind
definition: classifier that distinguishes the kinds of actions and events that may be announced, initiated or carried out by an organization that affects a legal entity or the securities it issues, such as income-oriented events
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: ISO 15022 classifies events as impacting income vs. others. Other classification schemes distinguish between actions that return profits to shareholders, actions that are designed to influence the share price, and actions involving a change in structure to the issuer organization.

correlation leg
type: Concept
broader: performance-based variable leg
definition: floating leg of a correlation swap that pays an amount based on the observed average correlation of the prices of a collection of underlying products
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has calendar period
type: Concept
definition: identifies a period of time used in computing a calendar-specified date, such as a calendar week, calendar month, calendar quarter, or calendar year
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: calendar period

calendar period
type: Concept
definition: time interval that occurs within a system that fixes the beginning and length of a segment of the year with respect to that system
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A calendar-specified date may be figured with respect to a calendar week, a calendar month, a calendar quarter, or a calendar year.
editorial note: The terms 'calendar xxx' are intended to reinforce that these are periods on a calendar, not durations. For example, a calendar year always starts on a January 1 and ends on a December 31. The term 'calendar year' does not mean the same thing as a duration (an amount of time) of 1 year, nor can a calendar year start on any arbitrary day of a year. For example, a calendar year never starts on September 1. Similar points apply to other kinds of calendar periods, such as calendar week, calendar month, and calendar quarter.

has telephone number
type: Concept
broader: has address
definition: indicates a virtual address composed of a sequence of digits and symbols that may be assigned to a fixed-line telephone subscriber station, a wireless electronic telephony device, such as a radio telephone or a mobile telephone, or other similar device or service
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: telephone number

telephone number
type: Concept
broader: virtual address
definition: virtual address that may be assigned to a fixed-line telephone subscriber station connected to a telephone line or to a wireless electronic telephony device, such as a radio telephone or a mobile telephone, or to other devices or services for data transmission via the public switched telephone network (PSTN) or other public and private networks
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: phone number
explanatory note: Telephone numbers are assigned within the framework of a national or regional telephone numbering plan to subscribers by telephone service operators, which may be commercial entities, state-controlled administrations, or other telecommunication industry associations.

investment service
type: Concept
broader: financial service
definition: financial service designed to assist investors in using capital to create more money, either through income-producing vehicles or through more risk-oriented ventures to result in capital gains, including but not limited to providing investment advice, asset and portfolio management, and brokerage services
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014

is primary contract for
type: Concept
has in domain: written contract
definition: indicates any subordinate agreement, such as a collateral agreement
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: written contract

court appointed control
type: Concept
broader: de jure control
definition: control conferred by the actions of some court, for example in the context of receivership
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, enhanced voting, perpetual, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: perpetual preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

interest rate benchmark classification scheme
type: Concept
definition: scheme for classifying interest rate benchmarks, such as the FpML classification scheme
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

commodity swap
type: Concept
explanatory note: Commodity swaps typically involve the exchange of a floating commodity price for a set price over an agreed-upon period.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10
explanatory note: Commodities that can be swapped include: energy. metal, agriculture, environmental, freight, polypropylene products, fertilizer, paper, single and multiple commodity indexes and baskets, and multi-commodity assets where each leg references a different commodity.
adapted from: CFTC glossary
broader: commodity derivative
broader: return swap
definition: commodity derivative that includes, without limitation, any swap for which the primary underlying notional item is a physical commodity, or the price, or behavior of the price, or the level of a commodity index, or other aspect related to a physical commodity

regulatory action
type: Concept
broader: action
definition: action initiated by a regulatory agency that affects a legal entity or the securities it issues and may have a material impact on that entity's stakeholders, such as shareholders and creditors
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

closed-end investment
type: Concept
broader: managed investment
definition: investment fund that has a fixed number of shares offered by an investment company through an initial public offering
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: closed-end fund

quote-driven market
type: Concept
broader: exchange
definition: exchange in which prices are determined from bid and ask quotations made by market makers, dealers, or specialists
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In a quote-driven market, dealers fill orders from their own inventory or by matching them with other orders. Note that this differs from a typical market, which is order-driven rather than quote-driven.
synonym: price-driven market

milestone event
type: Concept
broader: occurrence
definition: event related to the status or level of completion of a designated activity, task, or segment of work required for contract fulfillment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has price and yield day count convention
type: Concept
broader: has business recurrence interval convention
definition: indicates the convention used to determine the number of days in a month and days in a year that are counted when performing calculations for yield and price figures
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: day-count convention

has business recurrence interval convention
type: Concept
definition: identifies a convention regarding how certain recurring dates should be handled with respect to a given schedule, such as the end of the month
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: business recurrence interval convention

day-count convention
type: Concept
broader: business recurrence interval convention
definition: a business recurrence interval convention that is used to calculate the number of days in an interest payment, which applies to the amount of accrued interest or the present value for debt instruments
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Day-count conventions apply to swaps, mortgages and forward rate agreements as well as bonds, each of which has its own day-count convention, which varies depending on the type of instrument, whether the interest rate is fixed or floating, and the country of issuance. Among the most common conventions are 30/360 or 365, actual/360 or 365, and actual/actual. A 30/360 convention assumes 30 days in a month and 360 days in a year. An actual/360 convention assumes the actual number of days in the given month and 360 days in the year. An actual/ actual convention uses the actual number of days in the given interest period and year.

settlement
type: Concept
broader: contract lifecycle event
definition: act of finalizing a transaction, including but not limited to finalizing accounting, exchanging consideration, and/or legally recording documents, as applicable
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is senior to
type: Concept
has in domain: share
definition: indicates that a given share (share class) has higher seniority than the related share, meaning that it gives the holder a higher claim on the assets of the issuer
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: share

put schedule
type: Concept
broader: schedule
definition: a schedule that defines the events associated with the put feature of a debt instrument, i.e, the dates on which the debt instrument may be sold at what price by the holder
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

exempt issuer
type: Concept
broader: issuer
definition: issuer that issues securities that are excused from certain regulatory reporting requirements
example: In general, these include governments and issuers of tax exempt securities such as municipalities, banks and depository institutions, and authorized insurance companies, railroads and public utilities, and certain non-profit organizations.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.investopedia.com/exam-guide/series-66/regulation-of-securities/exempt-securities.asp

fair value
type: Concept
broader: monetary amount
broader: quantitative value
definition: price that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO/TS 55010:2024(en), Asset management - Guidance on the alignment of financial and non-financial functions in asset management

banking service
type: Concept
broader: financial service
definition: financial service offered by a depository institution
example: Examples include cash management service, foreign exchange service, lending or credit service, investment service, insurance service, merchant service, payroll service, and the like.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

limited liability partnership
type: Concept
explanatory note: LLPs are a flexible legal and tax entity that allows partners to benefit from economies of scale by working together while also reducing their liability for the actions of other partners.
example: One example of a limited liability partnership is that of an incorporated limited partnership (ILP) in Australia.
abbreviation: LLP
definition: partnership that has general partners but provides its individual partners some level of protection against personal liability for certain partnership liabilities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
example: Law firms, accountancies, wealth managers, professional medical groups, and other professional consultancies often take the form of a limited liability partnership.
broader: partnership

consolidated tape provider
type: Concept
definition: data reporting services provider that is authorized to provide the service of collecting trade reports for financial instruments from regulated markets, MTFs, OTFs and APAs and consolidating them into a continuous electronic live data stream providing price and volume data per financial instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/consolidated-tape-providers-hereinafter-referred-to-as-ctp
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf
explanatory note: Consolidated tape is an electronic system that collates real-time exchange-listed data, such as price and volume, and disseminates it to investors. Through the consolidated tape, various major exchanges, including the New York Stock Exchange, the NASDAQ, and the Chicago Board Options Exchange, report trades and quotes.
abbreviation: CTP
adapted from: https://www.esma.europa.eu/press-news/esma-news/esma-identifies-data-reporting-services-providers-be-supervised-directly
broader: data reporting services provider

notional step change event
type: Concept
broader: contract lifecycle event occurrence
broader: step event
definition: event in which a step change in the notional amount for a given swap leg occurs
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The frequency / period length of the steps in the step schedule is a multiple of the calculation period or frequency. For example, if the notional is recalculated on every calculation date, applying a new interest rate to the new notional amount, then the two frequencies are the same. If notional is updated every second calculation period, then the step schedule specifies periods that are twice as long, and so on.

step event
type: Concept
broader: prescriptive event
broader: calculation event
definition: event that prescribes a change in a contractual term, such as a rate or notional amount, for a given contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

calculation event
type: Concept
note: A calculation event may be prescriptive, that occurs within a specified period, or ad hoc.
note: A calculation event related to a debt instrument might be a rate reset event, calculation of interest subsequent to a rate change, an amortization calculation, calculation of interest and/or recalculation of principal due to a late payment, etc. A calculation event related to an investment might involve the adjustment of the number of shares owned, such as a redemption or dividend related event.
broader: occurrence kind
definition: kind of event that is either scheduled or triggered by something, such as a related financial event, that causes a calculation to be performed
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

redeemable preferred share with extendable maturity date
type: Concept
broader: redeemable preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed maturity date
definition: redeemable preferred share with a fixed maturity date whose issuer has the option to extend the maturity date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

common, restricted voting, unrestricted, nil paid, registered share
type: Concept
definition: common share that confers less than one vote per share, is unrestricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is nil paid and is registered
broader: registered security
broader: common share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: restricted voting share
broader: unrestricted share
broader: nil paid share

sustainability key performance indicator
type: Concept
broader: key performance indicator
definition: measurable performance indicator that is sustainability specific
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.lsta.org/content/sustainability-linked-loan-principles-sllp/
explanatory note: A sustainability KPI must be: (a) relevant, core and material to the borrower's overall business, and of high strategic significance to the borrower's current and/or future operations; (b) measurable or quantifiable on a consistent methodological basis; and (c) able to be benchmarked (i.e. as much as possible using an external reference or definitions to facilitate the assessment of the SPT's level of ambition). A clear definition of the KPI(s) should be provided by the borrower and should include the applicable scope or parameters, as well as the calculation methodology, a definition of a baseline and be benchmarked against an industry standard and/or industry peers where feasible.

key performance indicator
type: Concept
definition: measurable target that indicates how an individual or business is performing in terms of meeting its goals
adapted from: https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/what-is-a-kpi-definition-examples/
explanatory note: Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are the critical (key) quantifiable indicators of progress toward an intended result. KPIs provide a focus for strategic and operational improvement, create an analytical basis for decision making and help focus attention on what matters most. Managing with the use of KPIs includes setting targets (the desired level of performance) and tracking progress against those targets.
abbreviation: KPI
broader: qualified measure
explanatory note: Although they are both designed to measure performance, KPIs and metrics have different characteristics and are used by businesses in different ways. Metrics are measures used to track progress and evaluate success, while KPIs are metrics tied to specific goals during a certain period of time. KPIs are designed to align with business goals and targets, while metrics evaluate the performance of particular processes.
example: Examples include profits, sales numbers, employee turnover and average annual expenses.
adapted from: https://www.kpi.org/KPI-Basics/
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

class action
type: Concept
broader: voluntary corporate action
definition: corporate action involving a situation where interested parties seek restitution for financial loss
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The security holder may be offered the opportunity to join a class action proceeding and would need to respond with an instruction.
synonym: proposed settlement

is owed
type: Concept
has in domain: creditor
definition: links a creditor to a debt that is outstanding and payable to them
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: debt

data processing service
type: Concept
broader: financial service
definition: financial service offered by an entity primarily engaged in providing infrastructure for hosting or data processing services
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

auto asset-backed security
type: Concept
broader: asset-backed security
definition: asset-backed security that is backed by an underlying pool of auto-related loans and/or leases
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://content.naic.org/sites/default/files/capital-markets-primer-auto-abs.pdf
explanatory note: If the credit risk of the pool has been decoupled from the institution via an SPV, then an auto asset-backed security is also a structured finance instrument.
explanatory note: Auto asset-backed securities (auto ABS) are typically structured finance securities that are collateralized by auto loans or leases, such as those to prime (good credit standing) and subprime (poor credit standing) borrowers. Loans or leases are bundled into pools and transferred to a special-purpose entity (SPE), which, in turn, transfers the pool to a (bankruptcy remote) trust. Payments on the underlying auto loans and leases are pooled in the trust, and the funds are used to pay note investors their respective principal which, in turn, transfers the pool to a (bankruptcy remote) trust, i.e., one that protects the security from bankruptcy. Payments on the underlying auto loans and leases are pooled in the trust, and the funds are used to pay note investors their respective principal and interest when due. Any leftover funds - known as excess spread, or the net interest margin - are paid to the equity holder (usually the issuer, such as an auto finance company).

preferred, enhanced voting, extendable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

capital surplus
type: Concept
broader: paid-in capital
definition: capital contributed in excess of the par value (stated value) of the ownership interest issued
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

paid-in capital
type: Concept
broader: owners' equity
definition: assets received from investors in exchange for an ownership interest
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

contractual capability
type: Concept
broader: legal capacity
definition: the capacity to enter into legally binding contracts
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
editorial note: This is the capacity which defines Contractually Capable Entity (sometimes labeled as 'Legal Entity') as distinct from 'Legal Person'. In the latter case the liabilities incurred in the contract accrue also to the Legal Person. In the case of contractual capability, the entity has the authority to enter into contracts, whether or not the liabilities accrue to that same entity (which they do if it is also a Legal Person). For Legal Entities which are not Legal Persons, the liability unwinds to some legal person within the structure of the entity, for example a General Partner or a Trustee.

common, restricted voting, unrestricted, fully-paid, registered share
type: Concept
definition: common share that confers less than one vote per share, is unrestricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is fully paid and is registered
broader: common share
broader: restricted voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: fully paid share
broader: registered security
broader: unrestricted share

preferred, non-voting, redeemable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
broader: non-voting share
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: non-participating preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered

preferred, restricted voting, exchangeable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: cumulative preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
broader: participating preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security

business center code set
type: Concept
definition: coding scheme used to define a set of codes for municipalities or business centers
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.fpml.org/coding-scheme/business-center

has premium
type: Concept
has in domain: credit index
broader: has monetary amount
definition: indicates a premium payable for a contract based on the index
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

has structure name
type: Concept
has in domain: physical address
definition: specifies an identifier for a building, house, office complex, shopping center, or other structure or group of structures
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: structure name

structure name
type: Concept
broader: address component
definition: name for a building, house, office complex, shopping center, or other structure or group of structures
example: Examples include 'McCoy Center', which is the name of the office complex where JPMorgan Chase's Polaris facility is located, 'Apple Park', which is the name of the corporate headquarters of Apple, Inc., and 'Howells Bridge Cottage', which is the name of a very old cottage in Cornwall.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

financial intermediation service
type: Concept
broader: financial service
definition: any financial service in which a third party (the intermediary) matches lenders and investors with entrepreneurs and other borrowers in need of capital
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition origin: Office of Financial Research (OFR) Annual Report, 2012, Glossary
explanatory note: Often investors and borrowers do not have precisely matching needs, and the intermediary's capital is put at risk to transform the credit risk and maturity of the liabilities to meet the needs of investors.

relationship record
type: Concept
definition: a record describing relationships between legal entities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: GLEIF Level 2 Relationship Record (RR) Common Data Format (CDF), see https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/relationship-record-cdf-format#

polypropylene resource
type: Concept
broader: negotiable commodity
definition: negotiable commodity including plastics
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10

is obligation of
type: Concept
definition: identifies a party that has a given obligation
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: obligor

basket of credit risks
type: Concept
broader: dated structured collection
broader: weighted basket
definition: basket of instruments, legal entities, or a combination thereof collected for the purpose of analyzing risk
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that the risk related to a given constituent may be calculated based on either (1) the overall credit risk associated with the entity or, (2) the combined risk associated with an entity and the specific instrument identified, or (3) risk associated with the instrument on its own. Criteria for constituents is based on sectors (emerging market, financial, sovereign, etc), spread range (investment grade, non-investment grade), or asset type (loan, bond, mortgage-backed, asset-backed), second criteria is based on maturity of protection (2,3,5,7,10 yrs). Markit manages over 2000 CDS indexes, for example.

intrinsic value
type: Concept
broader: monetary amount
definition: measure of what an asset is worth, i.e. with respect to its current price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This measure is arrived at by means of an objective calculation or complex financial model. In financial analysis this term is used in conjunction with the work of identifying, as nearly as possible, the underlying value of a company and its cash flow. In options pricing it refers to the difference between the strike price of the option and the current price of the underlying asset.

has investment entity
type: Concept
definition: relates a legal person to a directly owned formal organization or subsidiary, depending on the percent ownership interest
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

funds identifier
type: Concept
definition: sequence of characters that can be used to uniquely identify funds
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Codes for the representation of currencies and funds, ISO 4217, Eighth edition, 2015-08-01, section 3.2

loan-specific customer account
type: Concept
broader: loan or credit account
broader: customer account
definition: account held by the borrower associated with a specific loan
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has guaranteed amount
type: Concept
has in domain: guaranty
broader: has monetary amount
definition: relates the guaranty to the monetary amount guaranteed
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

entity legal form scheme
type: Concept
definition: scheme that specifies the elements of the codes for entity legal forms, such as those that are sanctioned in a given jurisdiction as defined in ISO 20725
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:20275:ed-1:v1:en
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/code-lists/iso-20275-entity-legal-forms-code-list

operating-level market identifier
type: Concept
broader: market identifier
definition: market identifier that identifies an exchange/market/trade reporting facility in a specific market/country
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10383, Securities and related financial instruments - Codes for exchanges and market identification (MIC), Third edition, 2012-10-01, confirmed 2018-03-29, clause 2.1
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf

market identifier
type: Concept
adapted from: ISO 10383, Securities and related financial instruments - Codes for exchanges and market identification (MIC), Third edition, 2012-10-01
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf
abbreviation: MIC
explanatory note: It is intended for use in any application and communication for identification of places - where a financial instrument is listed (place of official listing), - where a related trade is executed (place of trade), and - where trade details are reported (trade reporting facility).
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: identifier that specifies a universal method of identifying exchanges, trading platforms, regulated or non-regulated markets, and data reporting services providers as sources of prices and related information in order to facilitate automated processing
synonym: Market Identifier Code
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/market-identifier-codes

knock-in option
type: Concept
broader: barrier option
definition: barrier option that is not triggered until a certain price threshold is met
example: Assume an investor purchases a knock-in put option with a down Direction, with a barrier price of $90 and a strike price of $100. The underlying security is trading at $110, and the option expires in three months. If the price of the underlying security reaches $90, the option comes into existence and becomes a vanilla option with a strike price of $100. Thereafter, the holder of the option has the right to sell the underlying asset at the strike price of $100, even though it is trading below $90. It is this right that gives the option value. The put option remains active until the expiration date, even if the underlying security rebounds back above $90. However, if the underlying asset does not fall below the barrier price during the life of the contract, the down-and-in option expires worthless. Just because the barrier is reached does not assure a profit on the trade since the underlying would need to stay below $100 (after triggering the barrier) in order for the option to have value.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: If the price is never reached, it is as if the contract never existed. However, if the underlying asset reaches a specified barrier, the knock-in option comes into existence. The difference between a knock-in and knock-out option is that a knock-in option comes into existence only when the underlying security reaches a barrier, while a knock-out option ceases to exist when the underlying security reaches a barrier.

turbo certificate
type: Concept
synonym: turbo
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: As risk management each turbo trade has a built-in knock-out level and will terminate if this is hit.
explanatory note: Turbos are traded on venue rather than over the counter (OTC), and have fully visible order books that you can view to gauge sentiment and plan your strategy. Turbo trading works by buying a transferrable security whose value is based on an underlying asset's. So, you effectively take a position on that asset's price either rising or falling. For each trade, you choose a knock-out level – the point where you'd like to exit if the market turns against you. This then helps to determine the purchase price for the turbo, which will be your maximum possible loss. You'll pay this outlay in full upfront.
broader: participation certificate
synonym: turbo warrant
definition: certificate that acts as a leveraged security, whose price tracks an underlying financial asset's price one for one, and that can be used to go long or short
explanatory note: There are two types of turbos: long turbos, sometimes known as bull turbos, and short turbos, also known as bear turbos. You'd buy a long turbo if you thought the price of the underlying asset was set to rise. With a long turbo, the knock-out level will be below the underlying asset's current market price to protect you against downward movements. Alternatively, you'd buy a short turbo if you thought the price of the underlying asset might fall. A short turbo will have a knock-out level which is above the underlying asset's current market price to protect you against upward movements.

interest-only strip
type: Concept
broader: strip
definition: a strip that represents the non-principal portion of the monthly payments on the underlying debt instrument, such as a bond
example: An interest-only strip can be reintegrated into other synthetic or engineered products. For example, interest-only strips can be pooled to create or make up a portion of a larger collateralized mortgage obligation (CMO), asset-backed security (ABS) or collateralized debt obligation (CDO) structure.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: An interest-only strip holder is interested in rising rates and no prepayment, as prepayment would cause them forfeit future interest payments and receive nothing from the return of the principal.
synonym: IO strip

documentation agent
type: Concept
broader: syndicate member
definition: financial institution designated to oversee the drafting, negotiation, and finalization of the loan documentation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has owned entity
type: Concept
has in domain: entity ownership
definition: indicates a formal organization, including potentially a sole proprietorship, that is owned by a legal person
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

is qualified by
type: Concept
definition: indicates a constraint, limitation or refinement on something
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

has quotation date
type: Concept
usage note: Note that this property requires a reified date value, if used.
definition: indicates the quotation date for a given market rate or indicator
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Typically this property reflects a daily average or end of day quote.
has in range: Date

has in force
type: Concept
definition: relates a jurisdiction or situation to a rule, regulation or law (collectively "law") that is currently in force in that situation or jurisdiction
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: law

obligation acceleration
type: Concept
broader: obligation-specific credit event
definition: credit event triggered when one or more reference obligations become immediately due and payable as a result of a default or covenant breach on the reference entity's other debt instruments, subject to a materiality threshold
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

explicit recurrence interval
type: Concept
broader: recurrence interval
definition: recurrence interval defined via an explicit duration
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable exchangeable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: participating preferred share

preferred, voting, exchangeable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

equity price return swap
type: Concept
broader: return swap
broader: equity swap
definition: return swap whose return leg underlier is based on equities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15
explanatory note: A price return equity swap is similar to a total return swap, except that dividends are not passed through to the buyer).

has first trade settlement date
type: Concept
definition: indicates the date on which the first trade of a newly issued security is settled
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Date

basic bank account identifier
type: Concept
broader: bank account identifier
definition: identifier that uniquely identifies an individual account at a specific financial institution in a particular country and which includes a bank identifier of the financial institution servicing that account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: BBAN
adapted from: ISO 13616-1:2007 Financial services - International bank account number (IBAN)
synonym: basic bank account number

transition strategy
type: Concept
broader: business strategy
definition: strategy for achieving specific business objectives related to sustainability in the context of long-term decarbonization or sustainability transitions
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that although there are similarities with sustainability business strategies, they are not the same. KPIs and SPTs may, however, be defined similarly for a given project.

has pre-payment penalty term
type: Concept
usage note: A value of zero means no prepayment penalty; this avoids need for a separate boolean property about whether there is a prepayment penalty
definition: relates a loan to a period of time in months after which there is no prepayment penalty
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

complete address
type: Concept
broader: standardized address
definition: delivery address that has all the address elements necessary to allow an exact match with the current Postal Service ZIP+4 and City State files to obtain the finest level of ZIP+4 and delivery point codes for the delivery address
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A complete address may be required on mail at some automation rates.

standardized address
type: Concept
broader: physical address
definition: delivery address that is fully spelled out, abbreviated by using the Postal Service standard abbreviations or as given in the current Postal Service ZIP+4 file
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

equity position
type: Concept
broader: position
definition: position in an equity instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

examiner
type: Concept
definition: party empowered as an official representative by a regulatory agency to investigate and review specified documents for accuracy and truthfulness
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: EDM Council
adapted from: Black's Law Dictionary, see http://thelawdictionary.org/examiner/

has market capitalization
type: Concept
has in domain: share issuer
definition: indicates the market capitalization of some issuer as of some date
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: market capitalization

share issuer
type: Concept
broader: issuer
definition: issuer of securities that represent an ownership interest in something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This includes shares that represent equity ownership in a corporation, or ownership in a mutual fund, or an interest in a general or limited partnership, or ownership in a structured product, such as a real estate investment trust.

has settlement date offset
type: Concept
has in domain: strip strategy
definition: indicats the period in days between each reset date and the corresponding settlement date
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Duration

has up front fee
type: Concept
has in domain: credit index
definition: specifies a fee payable by any party that wishes to participate in a contract based on the index after the start of its life
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

bullion
type: Concept
broader: precious metal
definition: physical precious metal that is officially recognized as being at least 99.5 percent pure
example: In the United States, bullion that is eligible for reference in a commodities contract may include U.S. gold Buffalo coins minted by the U.S. Mint that are 1 troy ounce, 0.5 ounce, 0.25 ounce, or 0.10 ounce; 1 ounce silver coins; certain platinum coins; and gold, silver, palladium, and platinum bullion that meet or exceed the fineness requirements of a regulated futures contract. Bullion must also be certified by an approved certifier, typically identified by an exchange, including but not limited to the U.S. Mint.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Physical metals fall into two categories: (1) bullion, which are coins, ingots or bars of a specific weight and purity; and (2) "numismatic" or collectible coins, which can be rare or old coins, or special proofs that are newly minted as collectibles. If a particular asset is identified as "numismatic" or "collectible", it is, by definition, not considered bullion aside from its melt value.

precious metal
type: Concept
broader: metal
broader: negotiable commodity
definition: metal that is considered to be rare and/or have a high economic value
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

non-physical collateral
type: Concept
broader: collateral
definition: asset pledged as collateral that is a financial asset, rather than physical asset
example: Examples of non-physical collateral include, but are not limited to, bank deposits, accounts receivable, stocks, bonds, other securities, and the like.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

National Information Center (NIC) registry entry
type: Concept
definition: an entry in the the National Information Center (NIC) repository, a repository of financial data and institution characteristics collected by the Federal Reserve System
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.ffiec.gov/nicpubweb/nicweb/NicHome.aspx

contractual savings institution
type: Concept
synonym: institutional investor
explanatory note: Typically more than 70 percent of the daily trading on the New York Stock Exchange is conducted on behalf of institutional investors.
definition: financial institution that provides the opportunity for individuals to invest in collective investment vehicles in a fiduciary rather than a principle role
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-depository institution
synonym: investisseur institutionnel @fr-fr
synonym: institutional investment firm
example: Example institutional investors include banks, insurance companies, mutual funds, pension funds, and other similar large funds.
explanatory note: Collective investment vehicles invest the pooled resources of the individuals and firms into numerous equity, debt, and derivatives promises. The individual, however, holds equity in the CIV itself rather what the CIV invests in specifically. The two most popular examples of contractual savings institutions are mutual funds and private pension plans.
adapted from: https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/gfdr/gfdr-2016/background/nonbank-financial-institution
broader: investor

common share subscription right
type: Concept
broader: subscription right
definition: subscription right entitling existing common shareholders to subscribe to new securities at a price normally lower than the prevailing market price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

has date of registration
type: Concept
definition: indicates the date on which the corporation has registered in some jurisdiction for regulatory and / or for tax purposes
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

confers ownership of
type: Concept
has in domain: contract
broader: confers
definition: grants ownership via contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

common share purchase right
type: Concept
broader: purchase right
definition: purchase right that gives a prospective acquiree's common shareholders the right to buy common shares of the firm or common shares of anyone who acquires the firm at a deep discount to their fair market value
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

custodian
type: Concept
broader: third-party agent
broader: financial institution
definition: financial institution that holds customers' securities for safekeeping
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/custodian.asp
explanatory note: The custodian may hold stocks or other assets in electronic or physical form for mutual funds, individuals, and organizational clients.

has validation authority
type: Concept
definition: identifies the business registration authority for the legal entity, used by the Local Operating Unit (LOU) as the basis for validation, as defined in the GLEIF Registration Authorities List
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1
has in range: business registration authority

business registration authority
type: Concept
definition: registration authority that is responsible for maintaining a registry of business entities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/gleif-registration-authorities-list
explanatory note: A business registry may include any government-managed registry for registering a business, such as a state department of corporations in the US, as well as other registries such as a local operating unit (LOU) for registration of legal entity identifiers (LEIs). Any sanctioned registration authority as defined by the Registration Authorities List, published by GLEIF, is a business registration authority in this sense.

International Money Market (IMM) settlement date rule
type: Concept
broader: settlement date rule
definition: settlement date rule as defined in the International Money Market (IMM) settlement dates calendar
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: IMM settlement date rule
explanatory note: The International Money Market (IMM) is a division of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) that deals with the trading of currency and interest rate futures and options.

settlement date rule
type: Concept
broader: business recurrence interval convention
definition: convention for determining settlement dates by reference to some jurisdiction or as set by a given exchange or similar venue
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

listed share
type: Concept
broader: share
broader: listed security
definition: share that is listed on at least one platform
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Listing requirements vary by exchange and include minimum stockholder's equity, a minimum share price and a minimum number of shareholders. Exchanges have listing requirements to ensure that only high quality securities are traded on them and to uphold the exchange's reputation among investors.

has exercise window
type: Concept
definition: indicates a period of time during which the option may be exercised as specified in the terms of the contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: DatePeriod

preferred, non-voting, redeemable exchangeable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

common, enhanced voting, unrestricted, nil paid, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
definition: common share that confers multiple votes per share, is not restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is nil paid and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: nil paid share
broader: unrestricted share
broader: common share
broader: registered security

opening price
type: Concept
broader: market price
definition: price at which something first trades at the start of a trading day
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Investors that want to buy or sell as soon as the market opens will put in an order at the opening price. Depending on how the closing price for the prior day is determined, and if there is no after hours trading (AFT), the opening price will be the same as the prior trading day's closing price. Otherwise, the opening price may differ from the prior trading day's official closing price.

bond with published sinking fund
type: Concept
broader: amortizing bond
definition: bond whereby amortization is via a known and published schedule
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

amortizing bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
definition: bond that regularly pays down the principal (face value) on the debt along with its interest expense over the life of the bond
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

Hong Kong depositary receipt
type: Concept
broader: global depositary receipt
definition: global depositary receipt that represents the purchase, or ownership, of foreign assets which are deposited in a depositary bank in Hong Kong
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: HKDR
explanatory note: A Hong Kong Depositary Receipt (HDR) is a negotiable instrument issued by a depositary bank that evidences ownership of securities in a corporation organized outside Hong Kong. HDRs trade on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKEx), thus enabling foreign issuers to tap the Hong Kong market and local investors to efficiently invest in quality international companies.

dividend future
type: Concept
broader: financial future
broader: equity derivative
definition: futures contract whose underlying asset is at least one stock dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

preferred, voting, extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: extendable preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: single voting share
broader: registered security
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: participating preferred share

has default threshold amount
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
definition: specifies an amount of money that triggers a failure to pay, repudiation/moratorium or restructuring event
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

has series origin
type: Concept
definition: specifies the original starting date for the time series for a given economic indicator
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Date

ticker symbol
type: Concept
usage note: Ticker symbols are reusable, assigned to a given instrument by an exchange for some period of time.
broader: reassignable identifier
definition: reassignable identifier of relatively short character string length that is unique within an exchange for a particular financial instrument or listing for that instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Every listed security has at least one unique ticker symbol, facilitating the vast array of trade orders that flow through the financial markets every day. However, in some countries this relationship may be indirect, through the listing, rather than direct, as is the case in the United States. In the US, the relationship between a ticker symbol and the listed security is one-to-one. This is not, however, the case in Singapore, where there may be unique ticker symbols for the same security based on the lot size. Some well-known ticker symbols are commonly used by multiple exchanges for the same instrument, such as 'IBM', though exchanges attempt to coordinate to limit duplication.

reassignable identifier
type: Concept
definition: identifier that uniquely identifies something for a given time period, and that may be reused to identify something else at a different point in time
example: ticker symbol, vehicle license number, such as a vanity plate that can be reassigned and moved from one car to another
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: If no assignment termination date is provided, the identifier is considered to be assigned and valid. If there is no initial assignment date, then the identifier is assumed to be assigned up until the termination date, if any.

has attachment point
type: Concept
definition: indicates the minimum (lower boundary) of the total value of the underlying collateral, either at issuance or as of some point in time, at which point a given tranche becomes liable for losses
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: When it is said that a tranche becomes 'liable for losses,' it means that the tranche starts to absorb or incur financial losses due to defaults or impairments in the underlying assets. This is based on the contractual agreements and the structuring of the CDO, which dictate the order in which losses are allocated to different tranches. Note that the notion of 'liability for loss' is in a financial or econonmic sense rather than a legal sense.
has in range: attachment point

attachment point
type: Concept
broader: percentage monetary amount
adapted from: https://fincyclopedia.net/finance/
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Alexander Veremyev, Peter Tsyurmasto, and Stan Uryasev. "Optimal Structuring of CDO contracts: Optimization Approach". https://www.ise.ufl.edu/uryasev/files/2012/10/structuring_CDO_JCR_oct12.pdf
explanatory note: A CDO tranche becomes liable for losses when the total amount of defaults or losses in the underlying debt pool exceeds a certain threshold, called the attachment point. The attachment point is expressed as a percentage of the total value of the debt pool. In other words, the attachment point is the level of subordination above which a given tranche stands. Note that the notion of 'liability for loss' is in a financial or econonmic sense rather than a legal sense.
explanatory note: The higher the attachment point, the lower the risk and the return for the tranche. The lower the attachment point, the higher the risk and the return for the tranche. The most senior tranches have the highest attachment points and are paid first from the cash flows of the debt pool. The most junior tranches have the lowest attachment points and are paid last from the cash flows of the debt pool. The junior tranches also bear the first losses when defaults occur in the debt pool.
definition: lower tranche boundary of a tranche defined as a percentage of the value of the total pool of collateral, either at issuance or as of some point in time

product lifecycle event
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle event
definition: kind of event that occurs during one or more stages of a product lifecycle
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

low exercise price option
type: Concept
broader: call option
broader: exotic option
definition: exotic option that is a European-style call option with an exercise price of one cent that mimics a futures contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: LEPO
explanatory note: LEPOs function as deep-in-the-money options similar to the stock itself. Both buyer and seller of a LEPO operate on margin. LEPO options are not available on any U.S. exchanges. Since the strike price is so close to zero, the investor purchasing the LEPO gains most of the features of owning the share directly with the major exceptions of dividends and voting rights. They are only available with European style expirations.

external auditor
type: Concept
broader: auditor
definition: independent party qualified and authorized to examine and report on the accuracy of financial records and ensure that companies comply with tax laws
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: An external auditor is an individual or organization from outside the company, who typically is employed by an auditing firm that handles many different clients.

is caused by
type: Concept
definition: is the relationship between an event (the effect) and a second event (the cause), where the first event is understood as a consequence of the second; also, the relationship between a set of factors (causes) and a phenomenon (the effect)
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable exchangeable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is submitted to
type: Concept
definition: indicates the party to which something is submitted
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: PartyRole

calculation period length
type: Concept
definition: explicit number of days from the adjusted effective or start date to the adjusted termination or end date calculated in accordance with the applicable day count fraction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

commitment at large
type: Concept
broader: unilateral commitment
definition: commitment made by some party without direct involvement from the potential beneficiaries of that commitment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
scope note: A commitment at large forms the basis for negotiable securities including transferable contracts and potentially other kinds of agreements such as software licenses.

unilateral commitment
type: Concept
broader: commitment
definition: commitment (promise or obligation) made by one party without requiring a reciprocal promise from another party
example: Unilateral commitments include some promotional offers, contests, and rewards, where the offering party sets conditions without requiring upfront agreement from others.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

secondary unit indicator
type: Concept
broader: address component
definition: index to the specific unit within a secondary unit, such as a building or apartment, at a particular street address
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has settlement amount
type: Concept
has in domain: settlement terms
broader: has monetary amount
definition: indicates the monetary amount required for cash settlement
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

employed population temporarily not at work
type: Concept
broader: employed population
definition: subset of the employed population that includes persons that are temporarily absent from work for various reasons
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.bls.gov/news.release/empsit.t15.htm
explanatory note: This includes persons temporarily not at work because of illness or injury, holiday or vacation, strike or lockout, educational or training leave, maternity or parental leave, reduction in economic activity, temporary disorganisation or suspension of work due to such reasons as bad weather, mechanical or electrical breakdown, or shortage of raw materials or fuels, or other temporary absence with or without leave should be considered as in paid employment provided they had a formal job attachment.

standardized futures terms
type: Concept
broader: derivative terms
broader: standardized terms
definition: contract terms established by a derivatives exchange that apply to any futures contract traded on that exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Standard symbology for the commodities are standardized by the exchanges as part of their standard contracts, for example trading in standard bushels, commonly defined kinds of oil and so on. These give the units in which lot sizes are described and defined.

loan-to-value ratio
type: Concept
broader: percentage monetary amount
definition: ratio, expressed as a percentage, between the principal amount of the loan and the appraised value of the asset securing the financing
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: LTV

preferred, voting, redeemable exchangeable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

outperformance bonus certificate
type: Concept
definition: certificate that allows disproportionate participation (outperformance) in positive performance above the strike, in which the minimum redemption is equal to the nominal value provided the barrier has not been breached, with greater risk multiple underlying asset(s) (worst-of) allow for a higher bonus level or lower barrier, and reduced risk compared to a direct investment into the underlying asset(s)
broader: outperformance certificate
explanatory note: The outperformance bonus certificate combines the strengths of both outperformance and normal bonus certificates. This means that you’re protected on the downside by a bonus level (i.e., a feature of bonus certificates) but nevertheless have the opportunity to participate disproportionately in upside gains in the underlying instrument (the 'outperformance certificate' dimension). If you compare all three structured product types with each other, you’ll see that outperformance bonus certificates come up a bit short in terms of the characteristics of the other two forms. In other words, the disproportionate participation rate (outperformance) is usually somewhat lower than with a 'plain vanilla' outperformance certificate. This is because additional bonus protection has to be bought in order to structure the product properly. The same applies to the bonus dimension: because such a certificate still affords disproportionate participation, its downside protection level is more modest.
broader: bonus certificate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
note: If the barrier is breached the product changes into an outperformance certificate.
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.2.8

outperformance certificate
type: Concept
broader: participation certificate
definition: certificate that allows disproportionate participation (outperformance) in positive performance above the strike, reflecting underlying price moves 1:1 (adjusted by the conversion ratio and any related fees), and whose risk is comparable to direct investment in the underlying asset(s)
example: For example: You buy an outperformance certificate based on a stock. The certificate’s strike price is 100 Euros and its participation factor is 150 percent. If the price of the underlying stock surpasses the strike price of 100 Euros, you are rewarded with a 150 percent return, instead of just 100 percent. If the price of the stock climbs to 110 Euros, for example, the value of the certificate would be 115 Euros.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.2.8

bonus certificate
type: Concept
note: If the barrier is breached the product becomes a tracker certificate.
example: For example: You buy a bonus certificate based on a stock. The price of the stock at the time that you get the certificate is 100 Euros. The bonus level is 120 Euros, and the protection threshold is 80 Euros. Over the two-year term, the price of the stock fluctuates between 90 and 110 Euros. When the certificate matures at the end of the term, you receive the bonus price of 120 Euros.
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.2.8
explanatory note: Bonus certificates have a risk buffer for price losses in the underlying; the bonus guarantees a minimum return above the risk level. A bonus certificate represents an alternative to a direct investment in a share or an index. Investors primarily use them if they believe that despite rising prices setbacks are still likely to occur. A bonus certificate is furnished with a bonus amount and an upper and lower price level. If the certificate expires with the price of the underlying ranging between these two levels, owners are paid out their bonuses. If the underlying was at or below the risk level during the certificate's lifetime, its price is that of the current value of the certificate at expiry. If the underlying is above the upper level at expiry, the investor fully participates in the price gains. Some bonus certificates have a profit cap. This is where the certificate stops participating in the price gains of the underlying. A bonus certificate is issued at the current price of the underlying. The upper level is derived from adding the bonus to the issue price. The lower level is determined at issuance and usually expressed in percent.
definition: certificate whose minimum redemption is equal to the nominal value provided the barrier has not been breached, with a greater risk in relation to multiple underlying asset(s) (worst-of), allowing for a higher bonus level or lower barrier, and with a reduced risk compared to a direct investment into the underlying asset(s)
broader: participation certificate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

operates in municipality
type: Concept
definition: indicates the municipality or business center in which in which an exchange, data reporting services provider, or crypto asset services provider operates
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf
has in range: Municipality

preferred, voting, redeemable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: participating preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: single voting share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: non-cumulative preferred share

action status
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle status
definition: state of some action at some point in time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has portfolio company
type: Concept
has in domain: controlling party
broader: is party controlling
definition: indicates a party in which a venture capital firm, a buyout firm, or a holding company has invested
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlled party

has primary federal regulator
type: Concept
has in domain: financial service provider
definition: identifies the primary federal regulator for an institution
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: primary federal regulator

primary federal regulator
type: Concept
definition: federal regulatory agency that is designated as the main agency responsible for oversight of a given institution for an institution
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.ffiec.gov/nicpubweb/nicweb/NicHome.aspx

has monitoring period
type: Concept
has in domain: barrier option
definition: window of time during which pricing is monitored
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: DatePeriod

devolved government
type: Concept
broader: government
definition: government and the politicians that that run a subnational territory with powers that may be temporary and reversible, ultimately residing with the central government
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

bankers' bank subject to reserve requirements
type: Concept
broader: bankers' bank
definition: bankers' bank whose activities are limited by specific requirements of the Federal Reserve
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/nicpubweb/Content/DataDownload/NPW%20Data%20Dictionary.pdf

ultimate consumer
type: Concept
broader: consumer
definition: person that is the ultimate user of a good, product or service
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: For the purposes of the CPI and related statistics, the definition of consumer is limited to humans. In general, a consumer could include a pet, as the consumer of pet food, for example, although the pet owner would likely be the purchaser and target of advertising.
explanatory note: The consumer is not always the purchaser of the product. Consumers are considered to be the users of the final product. For example, purchasers of building products are interim users of these products while constructing the finished product, which then may be purchased by the consumer.
synonym: consumer as defined by the Consumer Price Index (CPI)

consumer
type: Concept
definition: party that utilizes economic goods or services, typically for personal, family, or household purposes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The general notion of a consumer includes an end user, and is not limited to a purchaser, in the distribution chain of a good or service

is controlled thing in
type: Concept
has in domain: controlled thing
definition: indicates the context of control in which something is being controlled
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: control

preferred, enhanced voting, perpetual, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: registered security
broader: perpetual preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-participating preferred share

day of month
type: Concept
broader: business recurrence interval
definition: specific, recurring day of the month
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has offering
type: Concept
definition: relates something to a voluntary but conditional promise submitted by a buyer or seller (offeror) to another (offeree) for acceptance, and which becomes legally enforceable if accepted by the offeree
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: offering

has reset date offset
type: Concept
has in domain: variable coupon terms
definition: indicates the offset from the coupon payment date on which the rate is reset
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: relative date

variable coupon terms
type: Concept
broader: coupon payment terms
definition: contractual terms specifying the calculation of the interest rate for a variable coupon bond
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

call schedule
type: Concept
broader: schedule
definition: a schedule of call prices and when they are in effect
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, exchangeable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

electronic communication network
type: Concept
broader: alternative trading system
definition: alternative trading system that automatically matches buy and sell orders for securities in the market
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ECN
explanatory note: ECNs allow brokerages and investors in different geographic areas to trade without a third party involved, offering privacy for investors. They also allow after-hours trading, but trading may be subject to commissions and other fees.

unique product identifier registry entry
type: Concept
definition: entry in a unique product identifier registry
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The Reference Data Library (RDL) is a set of reference data elements, together with their values, which is properly organized and maintained by the UPI service provider. The library associates UPI codes with the values of the reference data elements characterizing the product. Each entry in the library (the registry entry) contains a minimum number of elements as defined in the ISO standard, and may be extended by the service provider.

financial instrument global identifier
type: Concept
definition: financial instrument identifier that is defined as specified in the Object Management Group (OMG) Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) Specification
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: FIGI
adapted from: https://www.omg.org/spec/FIGI
explanatory note: The development of the Financial Instrument Global Identifier (FIGI) originated from a need for a standard methodology to bridge across multiple identification systems for financial instruments. Without prejudice against any existing symbol-based solutions, or any question of the validity of one system over the other, the FIGI standard utilizes a metadata driven approach to enable the unique and persistent identification of financial instruments. While in most cases, a FIGI uniquely identifies a security, there are situations outside of the U.S. where it instead identifies a listing for a security, similar to a ticker symbol.

currency spot mid rate
type: Concept
broader: currency spot rate
definition: indicative middle market (mean of spot buying and selling) rate as observed by the reporting source
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

insurance company
type: Concept
broader: risk pooling institution
definition: non-depository institution whose primary and predominant business activity is the writing of insurance or the reinsuring of risks underwritten by insurance companies, and that provides compensation based on the happening of at least one contingency
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.ffiec.gov/nicpubweb/Content/HELP/Institution%20Type%20Description.htm
adapted from: https://www.sec.gov/about/laws/ica40.pdf
explanatory note: In the US, insurance companies are subject to supervision by the insurance commissioner or a similar official or agency of a State; or any receiver or similar official or any liquidating agent for such a company, in his capacity as such. Common forms of insurance include life, property and casualty, and health insurance. In addition to insuring against hazards, many insurance companies also sell investments or investment-like products. The most prevalent investment products offered by insurers are annuities and life insurance policies that also feature investment elements. A number of insurance companies operate brokerage arms that trade securities on behalf of clients.

risk pooling institution
type: Concept
broader: non-depository institution
definition: financial institution that provides some financial service while spreading the financial risk inherent in that service to lower the probability of a catastrophic financial event by aggregating customers across diverse dimensions as a risk management practice
example: Insurance companies are the most common form of risk pooling institution.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/gfdr/gfdr-2016/background/nonbank-financial-institution

insurer
type: Concept
broader: contract principal
broader: financial service provider
definition: financial service provider that issues an insurance policy
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is price for
type: Concept
has in domain: price
definition: links a price to something it provides a value for
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

perpetual warrant
type: Concept
broader: warrant
definition: warrant without an expiration date, giving the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy (call warrant) or to sell (put warrant) an underlying asset at a certain strike price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
explanatory note: The strike price, in the case of a perpetual warrant, is usually higher than the market value of the underlying asset at the time of issue.

Federal Reserve district identifier
type: Concept
definition: identifier associated with a Federal Reserve district
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

Canadian producer price index
type: Concept
broader: producer price index
definition: an economic indicator representing a measure of the change over time in the prices of a fixed-basket of domestic producer goods and services
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb-bmdi/pub/indexth-eng.htm
explanatory note: Note that Canada does not produce a high level, cross industry PPI per se. Canadian PPIs are published by industry sector. Three of the most important are captured in the union defined herein, which may be expanded over time to integrate others, as needed.

post office box address
type: Concept
broader: physical address
definition: physical address used to deliver communications to a designated container at a local post office or the local equivalent for the jurisdiction, where mail is held until the recipient collects it, rather than to a given house, building, or other location
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

leveraged product
type: Concept
broader: structured product
definition: structured product that provides a further enhanced yield (over and above that of a yield-enhancement product), often without any limit to the upside participation, and frequently with a stop-loss in order to limit potential capital losses
example: Leveraged certificates are examples of leveraged products; they provide enhanced participation to an underlying with inbuilt leverage. Leveraged exposure is also provided on the downside performance of the underlying. Another example is a call warrant, which is simply a call option that is traded in a securitized format. This format is interesting in order to be able to trade a call option on underlyings for which no exchange traded option market exists.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has starting balance
type: Concept
has in domain: account statement
broader: has balance
definition: relates an account statement to the amount of money available in that account at the beginning of the statement period
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: balance

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: registered security
broader: participating preferred share
broader: enhanced voting share

standardized options terms
type: Concept
broader: standardized terms
definition: standardized contract terms established by a securities or options exchange or by an options clearing entity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019.
explanatory note: Such terms may relate to the underlying instruments, exercise price, expiration date, and contract size, for example.

credit card account
type: Concept
broader: loan or credit account
broader: card account
definition: card account whose terms and conditions are defined in a credit card agreement that is represented by a credit card
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

card account
type: Concept
broader: customer account
definition: account whose terms and conditions are defined in a card agreement that is represented by a payment card
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

day of the week
type: Concept
broader: business recurrence interval
definition: specific, recurring day of the week
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has street name
type: Concept
has in domain: street address
definition: specifies an identifier for a street in some context (e.g., 'Baker', 'First', 'Main')
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: street name

street name
type: Concept
broader: address component
definition: identifier for a street in some context (e.g., city, municipality, geographic region)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

unit of account
type: Concept
broader: currency
definition: nominal monetary unit of measure used to represent the real value (or cost) of any economic item; i.e. goods, services, assets, liabilities, income, expenses
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

data processing servicer
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider
definition: finance services provider primarily engaged in providing infrastructure for hosting or data processing services
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes
explanatory note: These establishments may provide specialized hosting activities, such as web hosting, streaming services or application hosting, provide application service provisioning, or may provide general time-share mainframe facilities to clients. Data processing establishments provide complete processing and specialized reports from data supplied by clients or provide automated data processing and data entry services.

routing transit number
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider identifier
definition: unique nine digit identifier, used primarily in the United States, to identify a banking or other financial institution for clearing funds, and, as it appears on a check, denotes the banking institution that holds the account from which funds are to be drawn
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: RTN
explanatory note: The ABA RTN was originally designed to facilitate the sorting, bundling, and shipment of paper checks back to the drawer's (check writer's) account. As new payment methods were developed (ACH and Wire), the system was expanded to accommodate these payment methods. The ABA RTN is necessary for the Federal Reserve Banks to process Fedwire funds transfers, and by the Automated Clearing House to process direct deposits, bill payments, and other such automated transfers.
explanatory note: Routing transit numbers are issued by Accuity on behalf of the American Bankers Association (ABA).

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: cumulative preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: participating preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: registered security

voting right
type: Concept
broader: contractual right
definition: contractual right that specifies shareholder voting entitlements, such as to elect directors, elect outside auditors, and vote on matters of corporate policy
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Voting may involve decisions on issuing securities, initiating stock splits, and making substantial changes in the corporation's operations. Note that a given share may not have voting rights, in which case the number of votes per share would be zero.

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: enhanced voting share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share

special dividend
type: Concept
usage note: Special dividends may be included in a dividend schedule as an ad-hoc entry, since they still need to be tracked based on the date of issuance.
broader: dividend
definition: dividend that is paid to shareholders on a one-time basis
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

zip code scheme
type: Concept
definition: system used in the U.S. to facilitate the delivery of mail, consisting of a five- or nine-digit code Zone Improvement Plan (ZIP) printed directly after the address, the first five digits (initial code) indicating the state and post office or postal zone, the last four (expanded code) the box section or number, portion of a rural route, building, or other specific delivery location
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

operates in country
type: Concept
definition: indicates the ISO 3166-1 country in which an exchange, data reporting services provider, or crypto asset services provider operates
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf
has in range: Country

swap data repository
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider
definition: financial service provider that provides a central facility for swap data reporting and recordkeeping
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: SDR
adapted from: http://www.cftc.gov/IndustryOversight/DataRepositories/index.htm
explanatory note: Swap data repositories ('SDRs') are new entities created by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ('Dodd-Frank Act') in order to provide a central facility for swap data reporting and recordkeeping. Under the Dodd- Frank Act, all swaps, whether cleared or uncleared, are required to be reported to registered SDRs. The Dodd-Frank Act added new Section 21 to the Commodity Exchange Act ('CEA'), governing registration and regulation of SDRs and establishing registration requirements and core duties and responsibilities for SDRs.

statistical area identifier
type: Concept
definition: identifier for a physical location that is defined per a nationally consistent program for designating geographic regions for the purposes of tabulating and presenting statistical data
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/display/IND/Statistics+Canada+Census+Information
adapted from: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=6358041

preferred, voting, redeemable extendable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: single voting share
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: cumulative preferred share

triple bottom line objective
type: Concept
broader: investment objective
definition: financial objective that integrates economic performance, environmental stewardship, and social responsibility as co-equal criteria for success
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

bilateral netting provision
type: Concept
broader: netting provision
definition: netting provision that occurs between two parties, in which mutual obligations are offset to determine a single net payment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable extendable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

spin off
type: Concept
broader: divestiture
definition: corporate action involving the distribution of subsidiary stock to the shareholders of the parent company without a surrender of shares
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Spin-off represents a form of divestiture usually resulting in an independent company or in an existing company. Examples include demerger, distribution, and unbundling.

personal property
type: Concept
broader: asset
definition: asset that is a movable item or possession not fixed to land
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Personal property may include tangible assets, such as machinery, furniture, vehicles, artwork, and jewelry, regardless of whether such assets are owned by a person or organization, and intangible assets, including but not limited to intellectual property and financial instruments.

card expiration date
type: Concept
definition: date on which a given payment card expires
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

interbank bid rate
type: Concept
broader: interbank rate
definition: interbank rate that is the interest rate at which participating banks are willing to borrow deposits from other banks
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Unlike an interbank offered rate, which is the rate at which banks lend money, an interbank bid rate is the rate at which banks ask to borrow.

preferred, voting, redeemable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has dividend
type: Concept
has in domain: share
definition: relates a share to a dividend that applies to that share, or that the share may pay
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: dividend

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable extendable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: enhanced voting share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security

has date of death
type: Concept
has in domain: person
definition: identifies the date on which an individual died
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: date of death

date of death
type: Concept
definition: explicit date, i.e., the day, month and year, on which an individual died
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: death date

has exercise date offset
type: Concept
has in domain: strip strategy
definition: indicates the period in days between the reset date and the exercise date
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Duration

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

contractual option
type: Concept
broader: contractual right
definition: contractual right that may be exercised at some point in the future, such as an option to extend a contract, or other available but not obligatory rights as defined in the contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

interbank mid rate
type: Concept
broader: interbank rate
definition: interbank rate that represents the mid-point between bid and offer rates
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

put window
type: Concept
definition: an explicit period of time prior to a put date during which holder or agent must give notice to an issuer
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

combined instruments purchase right
type: Concept
broader: purchase right
definition: purchase right that gives a prospective acquiree's holders of multiple securities the right to buy securities of the firm or securities of anyone who acquires the firm at a deep discount to their fair market value
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

has tick size
type: Concept
has in domain: listing
broader: has monetary amount
definition: specifies a minimum price movement for the security with respect to an exchange
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

multilateral contract
type: Concept
broader: written contract
broader: multilateral agreement
definition: contract where multiple parties (i.e., more than two) commit to perform specific actions or obligations towards each other
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

multilateral agreement
type: Concept
broader: agreement
definition: agreements that involve or include multiple parties
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Multilateral agreements are characterized by the participation and commitment of multiple countries or parties to achieve a common objective or address a shared issue.

portfolio
type: Concept
broader: financial asset
definition: collection of investments (financial assets) such as stocks, bonds and cash equivalents, as well as mutual funds, real estate, and so forth
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/h/holdings.asp
adapted from: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/portfolio.asp
explanatory note: Portfolio holdings may cover a variety of investment products, including stocks, bonds and mutual funds to options, futures and exchange-traded funds, and relatively esoteric instruments such as private equity and hedge funds. The number and nature of holdings contribute to the degree of diversification of a portfolio. A mix of stocks across different sectors, bonds of different maturities, and other investments would suggest a well-diversified portfolio, while concentrated holdings in a handful of stocks within a single sector indicates a portfolio with limited diversification.

federal credit union
type: Concept
broader: U.S. credit union
definition: credit union that has a federal affiliation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

payment netting provision
type: Concept
broader: netting provision
definition: netting provision that specifies the way in which all payments in a single currency owed between parties will be aggregated for each traded currency per value date and within the larger aggregate obligation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: For each value date and for each traded currency, the parties will aggregate and net all payments owed between them to arrive at a single currency obligation for each currency payable between the parties. The parties calculate net payments at some pre-agreed time, typically the day before value date (although it is possible to agree net payments on the value date, depending on the currency and time zone).

preferred, voting, redeemable exchangeable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: cumulative preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: single voting share

low price
type: Concept
broader: security price
definition: lowest value for a given security over the period specified
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable exchangeable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: exchangeable preferred share

has secondary federal regulator
type: Concept
has in domain: financial service provider
definition: identifies an additional federal regulator, over and above the primary federal regulator, for an institution
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: RegulatoryAgency

income-oriented classifier
type: Concept
broader: action classifier
definition: classifier of corporate actions that impacts income to shareholders
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Cash dividends are a classic example where a public company declares a dividend to be paid on each outstanding share. Bonus is another case where the shareholder is rewarded. In a stricter sense, the bonus issue should not impact the share price but in reality, in rare cases, it does and results in an overall increase in value.

legislature
type: Concept
broader: branch of government
definition: the law-making body of a political unit, usually a national government, that has power to enact, amend, and repeal public policy
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Laws enacted by legislatures are known as legislation. Legislatures observe and steer governing actions and usually have exclusive authority to amend the budget or budgets involved in the process.

interest rate reset
type: Concept
broader: interest calculation
definition: event reflecting a potential adjustment to an interest rate, typically corresponding to a change in the underlying benchmark interest rate or index specified in the contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that depending on the contract, a rate reset can occur daily or on some other timetable, and depending on the underlying benchmark, the actual rate may or may not change. Rate resets may be associated with variable interest rate loans, scheduled reset dates for loans and other debt instruments, for example, interest rate swaps, certain kinds of bonds, and the like. The date on which interest is (re)calculated may be an explicit or date relative.

has business day convention
type: Concept
definition: identifies a convention regarding how a date should be handled when it falls on a day that is not a business day, such as a weekend or holiday
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: business day convention

business day convention
type: Concept
explanatory note: Business day conventions commonly include: - Following business day: Moves the date to the next business day - Modified following business day: Moves the date to the next business day, unless it would fall in the next calendar month - Preceding business day: Moves the date to the previous business day - Modified preceding business day: Moves the date to the previous business day, unless it would fall in the previous calendar month
definition: convention that enumerates the possible ways to handle a date that falls on a weekend or holiday
explanatory note: Business day conventions are linked to a calendar. Calendars have working and non-working days. In the ACTUS dictionary, the rules related to business day conventions (BDCs) state that a BDC value other than N means that cash flows cannot fall on non-working days, they must be shifted to the next business day (following) or the previous on (preceding). These two simple rules get refined twofold: (1) Following modified (preceding): Same like following (preceding), however if a cash flow gets shifted into a new month, then it is shifted to preceding (following) business day; (2) Shift/calculate (SC) and calculate/shift (CS). Accrual, principal, and possibly other calculations are affected by this choice. In the case of SC first the dates are shifted and after the shift cash flows are calculated. In the case of CS it is the other way round.
synonym: business day adjustment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.actusfrf.org/dictionary
explanatory note: The 2006 IDSA Definitions Section 4.11, provide the following examples: FRN Convention; Eurodollar Convention. - If a payment date or period end date falls on a non-business day, it is moved to the next business day. - If there is no numerically corresponding day in a calendar month, the payment date or period end date is moved to the last business day in that month.
broader: business recurrence interval convention

weather derivative
type: Concept
broader: derivative instrument
definition: derivative instrument whose primary underlying notional item is based on something related to the weather, for example, the average temperature in Chicago in January
broader: commodity derivative
explanatory note: In the CFI standard, weather is classified as an environmental resource.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Such a derivative can be used to hedge risks related to the demand for heating fuel or electricity. The underlying 'asset' is not a negotiable commodity per se, but because the weather can impact the prices and other things related to other commodities, weather derivatives are treated as commodity derivatives for regulatory purposes.
adapted from: CFTC glossary, https://www.cftc.gov/LearnAndProtect/EducationCenter/CFTCGlossary/glossary_wxyz.html

intermediate holding company
type: Concept
broader: bank holding company
definition: bank holding company established or designated by a foreign banking organization under subpart O of the Federal Reserve Board's Regulation YY (12 CFR part 252)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

employment situation household survey
type: Concept
broader: employment situation survey
definition: a survey conducted on a regular basis that presents analytical information related to the labor force of a given statistical area, surveyed with respect to households, and is, for the most part, seasonally adjusted
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Statistics Canada reference definitions - https://wiki.edmcouncil.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=6358041

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable extendable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: participating preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: enhanced voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-cumulative preferred share

retail credit facility
type: Concept
broader: committed credit facility
definition: credit facility that is a loan or line of credit used by retailers and real estate companies
example: Most consumer credit cards are retail credit facilities, for example.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

notional step amount
type: Concept
definition: the amount of money that is subtracted from the notional on each step date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that this is an actual concrete sum of money, which may be specified either as a monetary amount (e.g. dollars and cents) or as a percentage of either the original notional amount or the previous notional amount.

preferred, enhanced voting, exchangeable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: registered security
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: participating preferred share

preferred, voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: participating preferred share
broader: single voting share
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend

has first rate change term
type: Concept
usage note: This normally applies to a variable rate loan. It may also apply to step up/step down loans that are fixed rate but whose rate changes after a pre-determined number of months.
definition: specifies a period of time in months after origination during which the interest rate cannot change
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

asset-backed credit default swap
type: Concept
broader: credit default swap
definition: credit default swap whose underlying reference obligation is an asset-backed security rather than corporate credit
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ABCDS
explanatory note: In the case of an ABCDS, the buyer receives protection for defaults on asset-backed securities or tranches of securities, rather than protecting against the default of a particular issuer. Asset-backed securities are securities backed by a pool of loans or receivables, such as auto loans, home equity loans or credit cards loans.

is embodied in
type: Concept
definition: identifies the representation or tangible form of something in some context
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

classification of financial instruments code scheme
type: Concept
broader: financial instrument classification scheme
definition: classification scheme for set of codes for financial instruments that can be used globally for straight-through processing by all involved participants in an electronic data processing environment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CFI code scheme
adapted from: https://www.iso.org/standard/73564.html
explanatory note: The ISO 10962 Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code was developed as a solution to a number of challenges. One is to establish a series of codes which clearly classify financial instruments having similar features. The other is to develop a glossary of terms and provide common definitions which allow market participants to easily understand terminology being used.

letter of credit guaranty
type: Concept
broader: collateralized guaranty
definition: guaranty that takes the form of a letter of credit, i.e., a document issued by a bank guaranteeing the payment up to a stated amount for a specified period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

collateralized guaranty
type: Concept
broader: guaranty
definition: guaranty that takes the form of some asset that is pledged by a borrower to a lender (usually in return for a loan)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In some cases, the lender may require the borrower to place pledged assets such as cash or securities in a separate account that the lender controls.

sustainability business strategy
type: Concept
broader: business strategy
definition: strategy for achieving specific business objectives related to sustainability (from an environmental and/or social and/or governance (ESG) perspective)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.lsta.org/content/sustainability-linked-loan-principles-sllp/
explanatory note: An SLL borrower should clearly communicate to its lender(s) its rationale for the selection of its KPI(s) (i.e. relevance, materiality, whether it is core to the borrower's overall business) and the motivation for the SPT(s) (i.e. ambition level, benchmarking approach and how the borrower intends to reach such SPTs). Borrowers are encouraged to position this information within the context of their overarching objectives, sustainability strategy, policy, sustainability commitments and/or processes relating to sustainability.
explanatory note: SLLs aim to support a borrower's efforts in improving its sustainability profile over the term of the loan. They do so by aligning loan terms to the borrower's performance, which is measured using one or more sustainability KPIs that can be internal and/or external. The KPIs must be material to the borrower's core sustainability and business strategy, and address relevant ESG challenges of its industry sector.

unit investment trust
type: Concept
broader: investment company
definition: investment company which (a) is organized under a trust indenture, contract of custodianship or agency, or similar instrument, (b) does not have a board of directors, and (c) issues only redeemable securities, each of which represents an undivided interest in a unit of specified securities; but does not include a voting trust
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition origin: Section 4, definition of investment companies, Investment Company Act of 1940 as amended and approved as of 3 January 2012, see https://www.sec.gov/about/laws/ica40.pdf
abbreviation: UIT
synonym: unit investment company

interest rate reset schedule
type: Concept
broader: projected contract event schedule
definition: regular, contract-specific schedule including the dates on which a rate reset, and corresponding actual rate, is recalculated
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

fixed fixed interest rate swap
type: Concept
synonym: fixed-fixed interest rate swap
definition: interest rate swap in which both parties pay a fixed interest rate that they could not otherwise obtain outside of a swap arrangement
note: Fixed-fixed swaps generally take the form of either a zero coupon swap or a cross-currency swap.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
example: For example, each counterparty uses a different native currency, but wants to borrow money in the other counterparty's native currency.
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of Financial Instruments (CFI code), Fourth edition, 2019-10.
broader: interest rate swap

put notification provision
type: Concept
broader: notification provision
definition: a provision of a put feature defining notification requirements
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

option on future
type: Concept
broader: vanilla option
definition: option that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a specific futures contract at a specified price on or before the option's expiration date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019.

relationship status
type: Concept
definition: a classifier that specifies the status of the relationship between consolidated entities during the reporting period (active or inactive)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: GLEIF Level 2 Relationship Record (RR) Common Data Format (CDF), see https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/relationship-record-cdf-format#

fence
type: Concept
broader: option trading strategy
definition: option trading strategy that uses options to limit the range of possible returns on a financial instrument
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The expiration dates of all the options are usually the same. The call strike is normally chosen in such a way that the sum total of the three option premiums is equal to zero. This investment strategy will ensure that the value of the investment at expiry will be between the strike price on the short call and the strike price on the long put. Thus, possible gains and losses (the value of the financial instrument minus the cost of acquiring it) are confined to a specified range. However, if the price of the financial instrument falls below the strike level of the sold put the investor will start participating in any further price declines of the financial instrument.
explanatory note: A fence consists of the following elements: - long position in a financial instrument (e.g., a share, index or currency) - long put (normally with a strike price close to or at the current spot price of the financial instrument) - short put (with a strike price lower than the bought put - e.g., 80% of the current spot price) - short call (with a strike price higher than the current spot price).

network location
type: Concept
definition: a virtual location that may be identified by a network address (an identifier for a node or interface)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

consumer expenditure survey
type: Concept
broader: statistical program
definition: statistical program conducted on a regular basis that provides information on the buying habits of consumers, including data on their expenditures, income, and consumer unit (families and single consumers) characteristics
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: cex

preferred, voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: exchangeable preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
broader: extendable preferred share

has announcement date
type: Concept
definition: indicates the first day the public will receive information regarding a new security issue
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: An announcement date may also refer to the release of a corporate event or new financial news, such as interest rate changes or earnings reports.
has in range: Date

programme identifier
type: Concept
definition: sequence of characters uniquely identifying a specific program within the context in which that program is administered
preferred label: program identifier
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

legal entity identifier registry entry
type: Concept
broader: business registry entry
definition: entry in a legal entity identifier registry that conforms to ISO 17442 and the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (GLEIF) Common Data Format (CDF)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: LEI registry entry
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1

commodity trading advisor
type: Concept
broader: non-depository institution
definition: party that directly or indirectly advises others as to the value or advisability of buying or selling futures contracts or options
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CTA
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014
explanatory note: Indirect advice includes exercising trading authority over a customer's account. In the U.S., registered CTAs are registered with the Commodities Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) and are generally required to be members of the National Futures Association (NFA).

has commodity value as of date
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
definition: indicates the per unit value of a given commodity as of some specified date
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

client
type: Concept
definition: party that purchases professional services from, or has a formal relationship to purchase services from another party
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

common code registry entry
type: Concept
definition: entry in a common code registry
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has time to maturity
type: Concept
definition: indicates the lifespan of credit agreement or offering, from the date of issuance to the scheduled maturity date
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
synonym: has term to maturity
has in range: ExplicitDuration

national bank
type: Concept
explanatory note: National Banks are required to be members of the Federal Reserve System and belong to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
broader: Federal Reserve System member
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: commercial bank
definition: commercial bank whose charter is approved by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) rather than by a state banking agency
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes#non-mem-banks
broader: U.S. bank

preferred convertible share subscription right
type: Concept
broader: subscription right
definition: subscription right entitling existing preferred, convertible shareholders to subscribe to new securities at a price normally lower than the prevailing market price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

is requested of
type: Concept
definition: indicates the party that is asked for something
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: PartyRole

fixed float cross-currency interest rate swap
type: Concept
broader: fixed float interest rate swap
broader: cross-currency interest rate swap
definition: interest rate swap in which fixed interest payments on the notional are exchanged for floating interest payments and the two streams of interest payments are in different currencies
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: fixed-float cross-currency interest rate swap
synonym: fixed float cross currency interest rate swap

cross-currency interest rate swap
type: Concept
broader: interest rate swap
definition: interest rate swap in which the two streams of interest payments are in different currencies
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

commodity spot contract
type: Concept
broader: spot contract
broader: commodity instrument
definition: contract that involves physical delivery of the commodity asset at settlement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10

spot contract
type: Concept
broader: financial instrument
definition: financial instrument that settles for immediate delivery on a specified date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A spot transaction is a transaction in which some goods or instrument(s) are exchanged for some other goods or instruments, including currency, with no future delivery provision, i.e., within the minimum number of days possible. Examples include currency spots and commodity spot transactions, whose settlement convention is determined by the relevant market.

pre-payment terms
type: Concept
broader: principal repayment terms
definition: principal repayment terms related to payment of the loan prior to maturity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Prepayment may or may not involve refinancing with the same lender. Prepayment terms include any prepayment penalty period, penalty amount and whether or not there is provision for waiver of the penalty, and any conditions related to making additional payments or payments over and above the expected installment payment over the lifetime of the loan.

has principal payment frequency
type: Concept
broader: has recurrence interval
definition: the frequency at which payments on the principal must be made
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: recurrence interval

birth certificate identifier
type: Concept
definition: identifier associated with a vital record documenting the birth of a child
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: birth certificate number

exchange rate structure
type: Concept
broader: dated structured collection
definition: structured collection of quoted or projected exchange rates, such that volatility may be constructed for the structure
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

guaranteed loan
type: Concept
broader: secured loan
definition: loan that is secured with respect to repayment of principal and interest by guaranty
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In the U.S., the term 'guaranteed loan' typically refers to a loan that is backed by a federal agency, such as the Department of Veterans Affairs or the Small Business Administration. Student loans may be guaranteed by the Student Loan Marketing Association.
explanatory note: A loan guarantee is a promise by one party to assume the debt obligation of a borrower if that borrower defaults. A guarantee can be limited or unlimited, making the guarantor liable for only a portion or all of the debt.

loan participation note
type: Concept
explanatory note: The main difference between a loan participation and a loan syndication is that in a loan participation, one lender sells ownership interests in a loan to other lenders, while in a loan syndication, the lenders work together to originate and lend on the loan.
explanatory note: With an LPN, a lead bank underwrites and issues the loan. This lending institution then recruits other banks to participate and share the risks and profits on a pro rata basis. The lead lender keeps a partial interest in the loan and is responsible for servicing it.
definition: credit facility and fixed-income security that may be distributed across a group of lenders
broader: fixed income security
abbreviation: LPN
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: commercial loan
broader: credit facility

credit card
type: Concept
explanatory note: Issuance of credit cards has the condition that the cardholder will pay back the original, borrowed amount plus any additional agreed-upon charges. The credit company provider may also grant a line of credit (LOC) to the cardholder which allows the holder to borrow money in the form of a cash advance. The issuer pre-sets borrowing limits which have a basis on the individual's credit rating.
adapted from: https://www.fdic.gov/regulations/examinations/credit_card/pdf_version/ch2.pdf
definition: card issued by a financial service provider that enables the cardholder to borrow funds
broader: payment card
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In physical form, a credit card traditionally is a thin, rectangular plastic card. The front of the card contains a series of numbers that are representative of various items such as the applicable network, bank, and account.
explanatory note: In its non-physical form, a credit card represents a payment mechanism which facilitates both consumer and commercial business transactions, including purchases and cash advances. A credit card generally operates as a substitute for cash or a check and most often provides an unsecured revolving line of credit. The borrower is required to pay at least part of the card's outstanding balance each billing cycle, depending on the terms as set forth in the cardholder agreement. As the debt reduces, the available credit increases for accounts in good standing. These complex financial arrangements have ever-shifting terms and prices. A charge card differs from a credit card in that the charge card must be paid in full each month.

government guaranty
type: Concept
broader: guaranty
definition: guaranty provided by a government entity, such as for a government-backed security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has urbanization
type: Concept
definition: indicates area, sector, or development within a geographic area relevant to a delivery address
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: urbanization

urbanization
type: Concept
definition: an area, sector, or development within a larger geographic area
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This URB descriptor, commonly used in urban areas of Puerto Rico, is an important part of the addressing format, as it describes the location of a given street.

preferred, voting, redeemable extendable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

executive branch
type: Concept
broader: branch of government
definition: the branch of government that is authorized and responsible for the daily administration of the government
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.usa.gov/branches-of-government
explanatory note: The executive branch executes and enforces the law.

American exercise terms
type: Concept
broader: exercise terms
definition: exercise terms that stipulate that an option may be exercised on or before the date of expiration
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Under certain circumstances, early exercise may be advantageous to the option holder.

covered warrant
type: Concept
broader: warrant
definition: warrant that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy (call warrant) or to sell (put warrant) an underlying asset at a specified price (the strike or exercise price) by a predetermined date, issued without an accompanying security by a third party that holds as many securities as would be required if all the warrants are exercised
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019
explanatory note: Covered warrants are very similar to options in that they can be created to allow holders to benefit from either rising prices or falling prices, by having both put and call warrants. They can also be created on a wide variety of underlying instruments, not just equities and they are fairly standardised and are mostly traded on exchanges. The main difference is that warrants tend to have longer maturity dates, typically measured in years instead of months (as with options), and are easier to access for individuals as they can be bought and sold in the same way as shares in the stock exchange.
explanatory note: In contrast to traditional equity warrants, with covered warrants, no new issuance of common stock occurs if the warrant is exercised. The underlying shares of common stock are usually either owned by the issuer of the covered warrants or the issuer has a mechanism, such as owning equity warrants for the underlying shares, through which they can obtain the shares.

has option holder
type: Concept
has in domain: option
broader: has contract party
definition: indicates the owner of the option
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: option holder

option holder
type: Concept
broader: owner
definition: party that owns an option
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In a call, the option holder has the right, but not the obligation, to buy the underlying asset, while, in a put, the option holder has the right to sell the underlying asset. An option holder may sell the option contract itself, at which point the buyer becomes the option holder. Once the instrument is exercised there are typically additional, relevant obligations with regard to settlement.

currency spot forward swap
type: Concept
broader: currency swap
definition: foreign exchange agreement between two parties involving an exchange of two currencies at agreed fixed rates: a) on the spot settlement date and b) a reverse exchange on a later specified date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15

currency swap
type: Concept
note: In the case of a 'forward-forward' swap, both legs will be of type CurrencyFoward.
broader: currency derivative
broader: swap
definition: foreign exchange agreement between two parties to exchange a given amount of one currency for another currency for spot delivery or for forward delivery at an agreed rate after a specified period of time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15

single monthly mortality
type: Concept
broader: debt pool statistical measure
definition: estimated per-month percentage of mortgages in an MBS pool that will be paid off early
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: SMM
explanatory note: Single monthly mortality (SMM) is a way to gauge the prepayment risk of a mortgage-backed security.

lists
type: Concept
has in domain: listing
definition: relates a given exchange-specific security listing to its issue
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: listed security

has direct ownership
type: Concept
definition: relates a formal organization to the situation in which it is owned directly by another entity
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: entity ownership

observable value
type: Concept
definition: specification for the value for something discernible and for which evidence can be obtained
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Derivatives, such as certain exotics, can be based on values ascribed to virtually anything, including weather. Typically, however, an observable value refers to something that can be readily observed in the marketplace, such as a quoted rate (e.g., interest rate, exchange rate), index value, commodity price, stock price, economic indicator, or something similar as of some point in time.

trading session
type: Concept
definition: window of time within a trading day in which orders may be placed and filled
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Trading+Sessions
explanatory note: An exchange may have several trading sessions during a day. For example, the exchange may be open from 9 a.m. until 10:30 a.m., from 11:30 a.m. until 1 p.m., and from 2 p.m. to 3:30 p.m. Holding several trading sessions gives the market more time to digest information rationally without having to respond immediately.

is subordinate to
type: Concept
has in domain: written contract
definition: indicates the primary contract referenced by a subordinate agreement, such as a collateral agreement
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: This property may also be used as the basis for linking agreements based on priority, such as linking a second or junior lien to the primary lien on some collateral
has in range: written contract

has traded share
type: Concept
has in domain: depositary receipt
broader: has traded security
definition: links a depositary receipt to the instrument (equity or exchange-traded fund) that it represents
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: share

has traded security
type: Concept
has in domain: depositary receipt
definition: links a depositary receipt to the instrument that it represents
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: security

retained earnings
type: Concept
broader: owners' equity
definition: net profits kept to accumulate in a business after dividends are paid
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: If the corporation takes a loss, then that loss is retained and called variously retained losses, accumulated losses or accumulated deficit. Retained earnings and losses are cumulative from year to year with losses offsetting earnings.

has buying currency
type: Concept
broader: has dealt currency
definition: indicates the currency purchased with respect to a currency or related instrument
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Note that the buying and selling currencies could be the same under certain circumstances.
has in range: currency

person name
type: Concept
definition: designation by which someone is known in some context
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

sole proprietor
type: Concept
broader: entity owner
definition: party that owns a business, has the rights to all profits from that business and is considered a single entity (unincorporated) together with that business for tax and liability purposes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A sole proprietor has unlimited liability with respect to any business debts.
synonym: sole trader
synonym: sole owner

preferred, non-voting, extendable, cumulative, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income and dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and is registered
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: registered security

single name credit default swap
type: Concept
broader: credit default swap
definition: credit default swap whose underlying risk is a single reference obligation, or a single reference entity, such as a corporation or a sovereign borrower
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Draft paper on Credit Default Swaps from the Federal Reserve Board, available at https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/files/2022023pap.pdf
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code

rating scale
type: Concept
definition: system for assigning a value to something according to some scale with respect to quality, a standard, or ranking
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is underwritten by
type: Concept
has in domain: securities offering
definition: relates an offering to an underwriter involved in raising capital for or distributing the instruments that are the subject of the offering
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: underwriter

property inspection
type: Concept
broader: assessment event
definition: event that involves analyzing one or more aspects of a real property
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The concept of a property inspection is separate from conducting an overarching appraisal. Examples are termite inspections, construction inspections, evaluation for completion of some milestone, improvement, correction, etc.

callable convertible bond
type: Concept
broader: callable bond
broader: convertible bond
definition: convertible bond that is also callable
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

contractual definition
type: Concept
broader: contractual element
definition: contractual element that specifies the meaning of a term in a legal document, whose definition is substitutable for the term whenever it occurs in the body of that document
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

fixed interest rate leg
type: Concept
broader: fixed leg
broader: interest rate swap leg
definition: fixed leg that specifies fixed interest amounts and terms for the payment of that interest
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This may be the funding leg of some swaps (i.e. one party agrees to pay fixed interest amounts in exchange for whatever is the other leg) or it may be one or both sides of an interest rate swap, where the two parties exchange different interest payment streams.
synonym: fixed interest rate payment stream

preferred, restricted voting, extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: cumulative preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: extendable preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: participating preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: restricted voting share

borrowing capacity
type: Concept
broader: monetary amount
definition: upper bound on the total amount of money that a lender believes a party has the ability to repay an obligation when due, as of some point in time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The notion of borrowing capacity is related to management decisions pertaining to credit, i.e., the creditworthiness of the borrower, loan amount, risk tolerance, and so forth, and may be reassessed from time to time depending on the type of credit agreement and regulatory requirements. Determining borrowing capacity is typically done as a part of loan origination, especially for residential mortgages.

twin-win certificate
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Twin-win certificates are suited to investors who are convinced that the underlying instrument has a good chance of going up. If it in fact does, the built-in leverage of the product enables you to participate not just 1:1 in that upside move (as would be the case with a normal tracker certificate), but instead at a disproportionate rate and with no price limitation.
broader: participation certificate
note: If the barrier is breached the product changes into a tracker certificate. With higher risk levels, multiple underlying asset(s) (worst-of) allow for a higher bonus level or lower barrier. Twin-win certificates have reduced risk compared to a direct investment into the underlying asset(s).
definition: certificate that makes profits possible with rising and falling underlying asset values, in which a falling underlying asset price converts into profit up to the barrier, and whose minimum redemption is equal to the nominal value provided the barrier has not been breached
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15, clause 6.2.8
explanatory note: With a twin-win certificate, you can actually have it both ways. In other words, this type of structured product generates a profit for you not only when the price of the underlying instrument goes up, but also if it declines to a certain extent. And this with a specially built-in safety mechanism. The unique structure of these products makes it possible to turn a modest loss in the underlying instrument into a modest gain.

preferred, voting, perpetual, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: single voting share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: registered security

capitalization-based weighting function
type: Concept
broader: weighting function
definition: weighting function derived from the relative market capitalization (share price times the number of shares outstanding) of the companies tracked by an index
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

weighting function
type: Concept
broader: statistical measure
definition: expression or function that determines the relative importance or influence of a given element of a set with respect to the whole
example: Given a sample size of 1000, and a population of 300M, then the chance that any individual is selected is 1 in 300K. In that case, 300K is the weight assigned to each of the elements in the sample.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: For certain indices, one of the most common weighting factor is by market capitalization. In that case, each of the elements in the basket is multiplied by its market cap to determine its relative importance to the basket overall.
explanatory note: With respect to discrete calculations, weighting functions are positive functions defined on discrete sets, such as weighted sums and weighted averages.

has headquarters address
type: Concept
broader: has operating address
definition: indicates the main address at which communications may be delivered for the organization
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1
has in range: physical address

has operating address
type: Concept
has in domain: Organization
broader: has address
definition: indicates an address at which an organization carries out operations
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: physical address

is limited partner of
type: Concept
has in domain: limited partner
definition: indicates the organization that the limited partner participates in
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: partnership

swap paying party
type: Concept
broader: paying party
broader: swap party
definition: swap party responsible for making payments for a given leg of the transaction as defined in the contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

paying party
type: Concept
broader: payer
broader: contract party
broader: buyer
definition: party responsible for making payments in a transaction specified in a contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable exchangeable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

protective put
type: Concept
broader: put option
definition: put option giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to sell the assets specified at with a strike price equal or close to the current price of the underlying asset, on or before a specified date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A protective put is a risk management and options strategy that involves holding a long position in the underlying asset (e.g., stock). A protective put strategy is analogous to the nature of insurance. The main goal of a protective put is to limit potential losses that may result from an unexpected price drop of the underlying asset
synonym: synthetic call

put option
type: Concept
broader: option
definition: option giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to sell the assets specified at a fixed price or formula, on or before a specified date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019.
explanatory note: The seller of the put option assumes the obligation of buying the assets specified should the buyer exercise the option.

sampling variance
type: Concept
broader: variance
definition: measure of the extent to which the estimate of a characteristic from different possible samples of the same size and the same design differ from one another
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp
adapted from: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/12-587-x/12-587-x2003001-eng.pdf
explanatory note: The word 'sampling' can usually be omitted, as being defined by the context or otherwise understood. The sampling variance of a statistic is the square of its standard error.

variance
type: Concept
definition: measure of spread, calculated as the average squared deviation of each number from the mean of a data set
broader: dispersion
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
symbol: σ2
adapted from: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/edu/power-pouvoir/glossary-glossaire/5214842-eng.htm#v
symbol: μ2
synonym: second moment

has floating rate floor
type: Concept
broader: has interest rate
definition: indicates an optional lower bound on interest rates on floating rate debts
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: floating interest rate

trade lifecycle stage
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle stage
definition: phase in the lifecycle of a trade
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

allotment right formula
type: Concept
definition: rule applied to calculate the number of securities for an allotment right, typically based on the number of these instruments that the holder holds
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that there may be a combination of a rule expressed in text as well as an expression or more complex formula embedded in a contract for making this determination.

currency spot contract
type: Concept
broader: currency instrument
broader: spot contract
definition: foreign-exchange contract for immediate delivery
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Spot rates represent the price that a buyer expects to pay for a foreign currency in another currency at the time of the quote. Though the spot exchange rate is said to be settled immediately, the globally accepted settlement cycle for foreign-exchange contracts is two days. Foreign-exchange contracts are therefore settled on the second day after the day the deal is made.
synonym: foreign exchange spot contract

has contract price
type: Concept
broader: has price
definition: specifies a predetermined price at which the buyer purchases the credit default swap contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary price

preferred, voting, exchangeable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: participating preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: exchangeable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered

driver's license
type: Concept
broader: identity document
definition: an official document which states that a person may operate a motorized vehicle, such as a motorcycle, car, truck or a bus, on a public roadway or provides official identifying information for a non-driver
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-driver_identification_card#Non-driver_identification_cards
synonym: driving licence

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: cumulative preferred share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: enhanced voting share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: registered security
broader: participating preferred share
broader: extendable preferred share

has lockout period
type: Concept
has in domain: call feature
definition: indicates the period of time for which a callable security cannot be called and only interest coupon payments are received by the security holder
example: With a 10-year noncall 3-year ("10nc3") debt security, the security cannot be called for the first three years.
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: DatePeriod

has quotation method
type: Concept
has in domain: cash settlement terms
broader: has price determination method
definition: indicates the nature of the pricing quotations to be requested from banks and/or dealers when determining the market value of the reference obligation for purposes of cash settlement
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: cash settlement method

cash settlement terms
type: Concept
broader: settlement terms
definition: contractual commitment to settle in cash
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that the valuation determined via the appraisal of the underlying asset may include a quotation that is either an upper limit to the outstanding principal balance of the reference obligation for which the quote should be obtained, or a floating rate payer calculation amount.
explanatory note: Note that the security price represents a price per share or per lot, whereas the settlement amount represents a total.

cash settlement method
type: Concept
broader: price determination method
definition: strategy for calculating or otherwise establishing a reference final price for the contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962:2019, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code
explanatory note: The method may include an independently administered synthetic auction process that sets the reference final price.

has spatial boundary
type: Concept
definition: specifies a geographic region included in an environmental or sustainability assessment, which may cover a specific site, facility, region, or the global operations of a company or project
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: GeographicRegion

derivative credit support agreement
type: Concept
broader: credit enhancement agreement
definition: addendum to the master agreement that governs the exchange of collateral between parties in derivatives transactions
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that in the case of a derivative credit support agreement, the beneficiary actually holds the collateral and has the right to ask for additional collateral if its value falls below the threshold agreed upon per the agreement.

credit enhancement agreement
type: Concept
explanatory note: A credit enhancement agreement ensures that collateral or a guarantee is established to secure obligations under the agreement. Features may include specification of the kinds of collateral or guarantee that may be used together with the relevant valuation methods, thresholds for the value of the collateral and haircuts applied based on mitigating market risk, margin requirements, dispute resolution with respect to collateral valuation and margin calls, and other operational details related to the transfer, substitution, and return of the collateral if established or posted.
synonym: financial collateral arrangement
definition: collateral agreement that governs the exchange of collateral between parties to mitigate counterparty credit risk
broader: collateral agreement
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: collateralization
synonym: margin arrangement
synonym: credit support agreement

has execution date
type: Concept
definition: indicates the date a contract has been signed by all the necessary parties
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: This may or may not be the 'effective date' of the contract, which may be specified in the body of the document.
has in range: Date

absolute prepayment rate
type: Concept
broader: debt pool statistical measure
definition: measure of the monthly rate of loan prepayments as a percentage of the original pool balance
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ABS
explanatory note: The ABS measurement differs from conditional prepayment rate (CPR) used in the mortgage industry, which measures prepayment as an annualized percentage of the current pool balance.
explanatory note: ABS is defined by the following formula where SMM refers to Single Monthly Mortality, which measures the percentage of dollars prepaid in a given month expressed as a percentage of the scheduled loan balance. ABS = (100 * SMM)/100 + (SMM X (Age - 1).

multilateral netting provision
type: Concept
broader: netting provision
definition: netting provision that, when triggered, is facilitated by a central clearinghouse or financial institution
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Rather than settling individual obligations between each party, as in bilateral netting, all transactions are aggregated, and a single net amount is determined for each participant.

has option writer
type: Concept
has in domain: option
broader: has contract party
definition: indicates the issuer of the option
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Typically, the option writer collects the premium when the option is initially sold.
has in range: option issuer

option issuer
type: Concept
broader: issuer
definition: issuer granting the rights defined in the option in exchange for some consideration
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has municipal trustee
type: Concept
has in domain: municipal bond
broader: has third party
definition: specifies the financial institution with trust powers, designated by the issuer, that acts, pursuant to a bond contract, in a fiduciary capacity for the benefit of the bondholders in enforcing the terms of the bond contract
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: municipal trustee

municipal trustee
type: Concept
broader: trustee
broader: financial institution
definition: financial institution with trust powers, designated by the issuer, that acts, pursuant to a bond contract, in a fiduciary capacity for the benefit of the bondholders in enforcing the terms of the bond contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In many cases, the trustee also acts as custodian, paying agent, registrar and/or transfer agent for the bonds.

float float cross-currency interest rate swap
type: Concept
broader: float float interest rate swap
definition: interest rate swap that exchanges cashflows based on two different interest rates in different currencies
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: float-float cross-currency interest rate swap

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: registered security
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: participating preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend

development bank
type: Concept
broader: financial institution
definition: national or regional financial institution designed to provide medium- and long-term capital for productive investment, often accompanied by technical assistance, in poor countries
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: development finance company (DFC)
synonym: development financial institution (DFI)

has exercise price
type: Concept
broader: has price
definition: specifies a predetermined price at which the holder commits to buy or sell an underlying asset
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
synonym: has strike price
has in range: strike price

strike price
type: Concept
broader: monetary price
definition: price at which a lot of the underlying asset may be bought or sold when the contract is exercised
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: For call options, the strike price is the price at which the security may be purchased by the option holder; for put options, the strike price is the price at which the security may be sold.

merchant category code
type: Concept
adapted from: ISO 18245:2003 Retail financial services - Merchant category codes
broader: industry sector classifier
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: code used internationally to classify a merchant
abbreviation: MCC
explanatory note: Values are specified only for those merchant categories that are generally expected to originate retail financial transactions. Criteria for establishing a new category code includes (a) the merchant category is reasonable and substantially different from all other merchant categories currently represented in the list of code values; (b) the merchant category is separate and distinct from all other industries currently represented in the list of code values; (c) the proposal describes a merchant category or industry, and not a process; (d) the minimum annual sales volume of merchants included in the merchant category, taken as a whole, is USD 10 million; and (e) sufficient justification for the addition of a new code value is found.
explanatory note: Merchant categories are organized by the type of business, trade or services supplied. Certain category codes including those for very large businesses, such as airlines and some hotel chains, may be delineated to the point of identifying the business. Merchant category codes and/or the descriptions of the service categories are frequently used in credit card and other banking transactions for analysis, transaction classification, such as for use in promotional rewards, and sometimes tax-related purposes.

is offering of
type: Concept
has in domain: offering
definition: relates an offering to one or things that are the subject of the offer
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

applies to account
type: Concept
definition: indicates the account to which the transaction record or individual transaction applies
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: account

preferred, voting, redeemable exchangeable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: participating preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share

contingent credit default swap
type: Concept
broader: credit default swap
definition: credit default swap in which an additional triggering event is required
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CCDS
explanatory note: In a contingent credit default swap, the trigger requires both a credit event (as in a traditional credit default swap) and another specified event. The additional specified event is usually a significant movement in an index covering equities, commodities, interest rates, or some other overall measure of the economy or relevant industry.

special dividend leg terms
type: Concept
broader: cashflow terms
definition: terms that are invoked if special dividend and memorial dividends are applicable
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

rating report
type: Concept
broader: assessment report
definition: report describing a set of ratings
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

managed interest rate
type: Concept
broader: variable interest rate
definition: variable interest rate charged by a financial institution for borrowing that is not prescribed as a margin over base rate but is set from time to time by the institution
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

call put warrant
type: Concept
synonym: straddle warrant
broader: call warrant
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019.
definition: warrant that either does not specify call or put features, or that explicitly includes both a call and put feature
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: put warrant
explanatory note: The call and put code, 'B', in the CFI stands for 'Both', meaning such a warrant embodies characteristics of both a call and a put. This can appear in structured warrants or exotic warrants where payout may depend on movements in either direction (or give the holder a choice at certain triggers).

put warrant
type: Concept
broader: warrant
definition: warrant giving the buyer (holder) the right, but not the obligation, to sell the assets specified (i.e., acquire cash in exchange for the underlying assets, such as stock) back to the issuer at a fixed price or formula, on or before a specified date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019.
explanatory note: A put warrant is essentially a company-issued option to sell shares back to the issuer.

common, voting, unrestricted, partly paid, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: unrestricted share
broader: common share
broader: single voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: common share that confers exactly one vote per share, is unrestricted from a sales perspective, is partially paid and is registered
broader: partially paid share

qualified investor restriction
type: Concept
broader: legal holding restriction
definition: legal holding restriction that defines the concept of a qualified investor for a given purpose and specifies that only such qualified investors may hold the security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: If a holding period is not defined, then the period for which the restriction applies is indefinite.

preferred, non-voting, extendable, cumulative participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: non-voting share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder with an extendable redemption date, provides a periodic stated income, dividends not paid in any year accumulate, and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: participating preferred share
broader: cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has date of incorporation
type: Concept
definition: indicates the formal date of incorporation as stated in filing documents
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

regulates supply of
type: Concept
has in domain: RegulatoryAgency
definition: relates a regulatory agency to something it controls or supervises the availability of in some market by means of rules and regulations
example: The Federal Reserve System, whose banks together comprise the central bank of the United States, supervises banking system and regulates the money supply in the US.
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

is principal of
type: Concept
has in domain: principal
definition: links the value of a debt, excluding any interest or other costs of using credit, to the debt that it applies to
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

preferred convertible share purchase right
type: Concept
broader: purchase right
definition: purchase right that gives a prospective acquiree's preferred, convertible shareholders the right to buy preferred, convertible shares of the firm or preferred, convertible shares of anyone who acquires the firm at a deep discount to their fair market value
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

loan payment schedule
type: Concept
broader: payment schedule
definition: regular or explicit (ad hoc) payment schedule associated with a given loan-specific account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Loan payment schedules may or may not be amortization schedules, i.e., they may or may not include principal.

certificate of obligation
type: Concept
broader: municipal security
definition: municipal security available to governing councils in case of emergency, such as a natural disaster, that needs immediate action without time for voter referendum
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CO
explanatory note: For example, when a hurricane destroys the police and emergency services building, there is no time to go through the process of voter referendum. The local council must be able to borrow the money to set up provisional buildings and necessary equipment for police and emergency services so that the community is served in continuity.
explanatory note: CO's are similar to GO bonds, except that they do not require voter approval before they are issued. The CO's are also guaranteed by the City's taxation power and are counted in the calculation of the tax rate that is needed to support debt payments.

preferred, voting, redeemable exchangeable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: participating preferred share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: registered security
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: non-voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

approved reporting mechanism
type: Concept
broader: data reporting services provider
definition: data reporting services provider that is authorized to provide the service of reporting details of transactions to competent authorities or ESMA (the European Securities and Markets Authority) on behalf of investment firms
adapted from: https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/approved-reporting-mechanism
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.esma.europa.eu/press-news/esma-news/esma-identifies-data-reporting-services-providers-be-supervised-directly
abbreviation: ARM
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf

merchant identifier
type: Concept
definition: unique identifier for a merchant that is used, for example, for transaction interchange purposes
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

referent
type: Concept
definition: something that another concept stands for, exemplifies, symbolizes, or otherwise mentions
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, perpetual, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

common, voting, restricted, fully-paid, registered share
type: Concept
broader: restricted share
definition: common share that confers exactly one vote per share, is restricted from a sales / transfer perspective, is fully paid and is registered
broader: registered security
broader: single voting share
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: fully paid share
broader: common share

has lookback period
type: Concept
has in domain: lookback strike terms
definition: window of time during which the lookback is effective
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: DatePeriod

lookback strike terms
type: Concept
broader: derivative terms
definition: terms specifying the value of the underlying asset based on analysis during a specific period, typically ending in the maturity of the option, whereby the payoff is determined by comparing the strike price with the value of the selected price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In the case of a fixed strike, the terms depend on whether the option is a call or put. If it is a call, the calculated payout reflects the difference between a running maximum value of the observable during the lookback period, and the pre-agreed strike.
explanatory note: The payoff may either be the difference between a fixed, pre-agreed Strike Price and the observable, or the difference between the best or worst valuable of the observable and the value of that same observable at maturity of the contract (these are the Fixed and Floating lookback terms respectively). This (per review at Nordea) is not mutually exclusive with the terms for Fixed Strike and Resettable Strike, that is, either of those kinds of strike terms may apply, and Lookback strike terms may also apply.

preferred, non-voting, redeemable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

zero coupon interest rate swap
type: Concept
broader: interest rate swap
definition: interest rate swap in which the fixed rate cash flows are compounded and paid once on the expiration date, rather than periodically; the payments on the other side (which can be based on a floating interest rate or a fixed rate) follow typical swap payment schedules
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-06-15

government department
type: Concept
broader: government body
definition: specialized organization responsible for a sector of government public administration
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

overnight rate
type: Concept
broader: reference interest rate
definition: reference rate that is an interest rate at which a depository institution lends funds to another depository institution (short-term), or the interest rate the central bank charges a financial institution to borrow money overnight
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The overnight rate is the lowest available interest rate, and as such, it is only available to the most creditworthy institutions. It is the underlying rate for Overnight Interest Rate Swaps (IOS).

qualifies
type: Concept
definition: limits, constrains or refines
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

business license
type: Concept
broader: license
definition: license that allows the holder to conduct business or carry out a specific profession within some jurisdiction for some period of time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

letter of credit
type: Concept
broader: committed credit facility
definition: letter from a bank or other creditworthy institution guaranteeing that a buyer's payment to a seller will be received on time and for the correct amount
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: L/C
explanatory note: In some states in the U.S., the issuer is not limited to financial institutions -- it is simply a written instrument, addressed by one person to another, requesting the latter to give credit to the person in whose favor it is drawn.
explanatory note: In the event that the buyer is unable to make payment, the bank or other issuer is required to cover the full or remaining amount.

debit card account
type: Concept
broader: card account
definition: card account that is represented by a one or more debit cards
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has restriction
type: Concept
definition: identifies a restriction applicable to a given financial instrument or listing
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: securities restriction

has premium amount
type: Concept
has in domain: call feature
broader: has monetary amount
definition: indicates the premium paid to a bond holder when the bond is called
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

uninsured federal agency of foreign banking organization
type: Concept
broader: federal agency of foreign banking organization
definition: agency of a foreign bank established and operating under section 3102 of CFR Title 12, Chapter 32 and section 4 of the International Banking Act of 1978 that is not insured or regulated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-275/pdf/COMPS-275.pdf
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes

federal agency of foreign banking organization
type: Concept
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes
definition: agency of a foreign bank established and operating under section 3102 of CFR Title 12, Chapter 32 and section 4 of the International Banking Act of 1978
adapted from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21
adapted from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-275/pdf/COMPS-275.pdf
adapted from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2021-title12/pdf/USCODE-2021-title12-chap32-sec3101.pdf
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: agency of a foreign banking organization

commercial finance company
type: Concept
broader: finance company
definition: finance company that makes loans to manufacturers and wholesalers, secured by accounts receivable, inventories, and equipment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014
synonym: commercial credit company

Chinese depositary receipt
type: Concept
broader: global depositary receipt
definition: global depositary receipt that represents ownership in the securities of a non-Chinese company that trades on a public exchange in China
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CDR
explanatory note: It refers to shares in non-Chinese companies that trade in China the same way that American depositary receipts (ADRs) allow non-U.S. company shares to trade on American exchanges.

has owned asset
type: Concept
has in domain: ownership
definition: indicates the asset in an ownership situation
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: asset

trading restriction
type: Concept
broader: securities restriction
definition: restriction that limits trading in some manner, typically summarized on term sheets or in other documentation, including but not limited to restrictions on day trading
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

capital-labor-energy-materials multifactor productivity
type: Concept
synonym: KLEMS multifactor productivity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.oecd.org/std/productivity-stats/2352458.pdf
abbreviation: KLEMS-MFP
definition: ratio of a quantity index of gross output to a quantity index of combined inputs
explanatory note: Shows the time profile of how productively combined inputs are used to generate gross output. Conceptually, the KLEMS productivity measure captures disembodied technical change. In practice, it reflects also efficiency change, economies of scale, variations in capacity utilisation and measurement errors.
broader: productivity

Canadian households consumers universe
type: Concept
broader: civilian non-institutional population
definition: a statistical universe consisting of all private households in Canada, with the exception of soldiers on military bases, people living on First Nations reserves, institutionalized persons, and households living in the rural areas of the three northern territories
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/62-553-x/62-553-x2015001-eng.pdf

local lines of credit debt basket
type: Concept
broader: basket of debt instruments
definition: basket of debt instruments that may be relevant for companies with international operations, often permitting debt to be incurred by a non-guarantor restricted subsidiary
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has amount of credit extended
type: Concept
broader: has monetary amount
definition: specifies the gross amount of credit that has been provided to the borrower as of a given point in time with respect to a specific agreement (e.g. for line of credit)
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

automated system
type: Concept
definition: system that reduces or eliminates the need for human involvement in order to complete a task
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.reference.com/technology/automated-system-c85583d0f17a632

lending officer
type: Concept
broader: corporate officer
broader: relationship manager
definition: corporate officer that has overarching responsibility for the relationship with a specific borrower or account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

relationship manager
type: Concept
definition: responsible party who manages a client's account and oversees their relationship with the service provider
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: account manager

business party suffix
type: Concept
definition: two-character (2 alphanumeric) code associated with the organization for the purposes of banking telecommunications
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 9362:2014 Banking -- Banking telecommunication messages -- Business identifier code (BIC)
explanatory note: In the prior version of the standard, position 7 of the BIC determined the location of the BIC in a particular country. In a country spanning over multiple time zones, each character may have been used to define a different time zone. If an organization moved location to a different time zone within the same country, the existing BIC would normally have been deleted and replaced by a new BIC with the appropriate location code.
explanatory note: With the revision of the standard [and transition period ending November 2018], the location code has been re-defined as a 'party suffix' without any specific meaning. A new reference data attribute has been introduced in the SWIFTRef directories to indicate where the institution is located and to which time zone it refers.

American depositary receipt level
type: Concept
broader: financial instrument classifier
definition: classifier for American depositary receipts that categorizes ADRs into levels based on the extent to which the foreign company has access to the U.S. market
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: ADR level

green loan
type: Concept
broader: credit agreement repaid periodically
definition: credit agreement and/or contingent facility (such as a bonding line, guarantee line or letter of credit) made available exclusively to finance, re-finance or guarantee, in whole or in part, new and/or existing eligible green projects that are aligned to the four core components of the Green Loan Principles (GLP)
example: Example categories of eligibility contained in the LMA's Green Loan Principles (GLP) include loans designed to facilitate renewable energy, energy efficiency, climate change adaptation and green buildings that meet regional, national or internationally recognised standards or certifications.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.lsta.org/content/sustainable-lending-glossary-of-terms/
adapted from: https://www.addleshawgoddard.com/en/insights/insights-briefings/2020/financial-services/green-loans-and-sustainability-linked-loans-what-is-the-difference/

market segment-level market identifier
type: Concept
broader: market identifier
definition: market identifier that identifies a section of an exchange/market/trade reporting facility that specialises in one or more specific instruments or that is regulated differently
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10383, Securities and related financial instruments - Codes for exchanges and market identification (MIC), Third edition, 2012-10-01, confirmed 2018-03-29, clause 2.2
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf

U.S. bank holding company
type: Concept
broader: domestic entity
broader: bank holding company
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: bank holding company that is licensed to conduct business in the United States and is regulated and supervised by the Federal Reserve in accordance with the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956
adapted from: https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Help/InstitutionTypes
explanatory note: According to the FFIEC, a bank holding company is a company that owns and/or controls one or more U.S. banks or one that owns, or has controlling interest in, one or more banks. A bank holding company may also own another bank holding company, which in turn owns or controls a bank; the company at the top of the ownership chain is called the top holder. The Board of Governors is responsible for regulating and supervising bank holding companies, even if the bank owned by the holding company is under the primary supervision of a different federal agency (OCC or FDIC).
explanatory note: From the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, a 'bank holding company' means any company (1) which directly or indirectly owns, controls, or holds with power to vote, 25 per centum or more of the voting shares of each of two or more banks or of a company which is or becomes a bank holding company by virtue of this Act, or (2) which controls in any manner the election of a majority of the directors of each of two or more banks, or (3) for the benefit of whose shareholders or members 25 per centum or more of the voting shares of each of two or more banks or a bank holding company is held by trustees; and for the purposes of this Act, any successor to any such company shall be deemed to be a bank holding company from the date as of which such predecessor company became a bank holding company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (A) no bank shall be a bank holding company by virtue of its ownership or control of shares in a fiduciary capacity, except where such shares are held for the benefit of the shareholders of such bank, (B) no company shall be a bank holding company which is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, and was so registered prior to May 15, 1955 (or which is affiliated with any such company in such manner as to constitute an affiliated company within the meaning of such Act), unless such company (or such affiliated company), as the case may be, directly owns 25 per centum or more of the voting shares of each of two or more banks, (C) no company shall be a bank holding company by virtue of its ownership or control of shares acquired by it in connection with its underwriting of securities and which are held only for such period of time as will permit the sale thereof upon a reasonable basis, (D) no company formed for the sole purpose of participating in a proxy solicitation shall be a bank holding company by virtue of its control of voting rights of shares acquired in the course of such solicitation, and (E) no company shall be a bank holding compan…

exotic warrant
type: Concept
broader: warrant
definition: warrant that gives the holder the right (but not the obligation) to buy (or sometimes sell) an underlying asset under non-standard or complex conditions, often involving additional features not found in a plain vanilla (standard) warrant
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Features of an exotic warrant may include (1) non-standard payoffs, such as path-dependent or condition-based payouts, (2) variations in the underlying asset(s), which may include equities, indices, currencies, interest rates, baskets of assets, etc., and (3) embedded optionality in terms of features such as barriers, lookbacks, digitals, or dual-currency terms.
explanatory note: Exotic warrants may be created by investment banks as part of structured products to meet specific investor needs. They are often identified with an 'X' in their English stock short name.

time certificate of deposit account
type: Concept
broader: time deposit account
definition: time deposit account that allows deposits evidenced by a negotiable or nonnegotiable instrument, or a deposit in book entry form evidenced by a receipt or similar acknowledgement issued by the bank, that provides, on its face, that the amount of such deposit is payable to the bearer, to any specified person, or to the order of a specified person, as follows: (1) on a certain date not less than seven days after the date of deposit, (2) at the expiration of a specified period not less than seven days after the date of the deposit, or (3) upon written notice to the bank which is to be given not less than seven days before the date of withdrawal.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: CDA

bond with warrant
type: Concept
broader: bond
definition: bond that is issued together with one or more warrant(s) attached as part of the offer, the warrant(s) granting the holder the right to purchase a designated security, often the common stock of the issuer of the debt, at a specified price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This concept is needed primarily to support cases where the bond issuer is the issuer of the warrant.
source: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fifth edition, 2021-05

is wholly owned by
type: Concept
has in domain: LegalEntity
definition: relates a legal entity to a party that has 100 percent ownership and control over it
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: total controlling interest party

strangle
type: Concept
broader: option trading strategy
definition: option trading strategy in which the investor holds a position in both a call and a put option with different strike prices, but with the same expiration date and underlying asset
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A strangle is a good strategy if you think the underlying security will experience a large price movement in the near future but are unsure of the direction. However, it is profitable mainly if the asset swings sharply in price.

mandatory with choice corporate action
type: Concept
broader: mandatory corporate action
definition: mandatory corporate action where shareholders are given an opportunity to choose among several options
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: In case a shareholder does not submit the election, the default option will be applied.

has assessment boundary
type: Concept
definition: indicates the scope, limits, and context for an environmental or sustainability project
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: assessment boundary

assessment boundary
type: Concept
definition: defined scope, limits, and criteria used to determine what is included or excluded in an evaluation, analysis, or measurement of environmental impacts, sustainability performance, or related objectives
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The assessment boundary ensures consistency, transparency, and focus by specifying the parameters for the evaluation. It includes: (1) the scope of assessment, (2) the relevant spacial boundaries, (3) the time period(s) over which the assessment is to be conducted, (4) organizational boundaries - which parts of an organization or project are included in the evaluation, (5) impact categories - which environmental or sustainability impacts are included, (6) lifecycle boundaries - which stages of the lifecycle are included, (7) exclusions - specific elements, processes, or impacts that are excluded from the assessment and justification for these exclusions, and (8) stakeholder boundaries - the extent to which external stakeholders or externalities (e.g., indirect social impacts) are considered. - The scope statement specifies which aspects, activities, processes, or entities are included in the evaluation. For example, in a greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions assessment, the boundary might cover Scope 1 (direct emissions), Scope 2 (indirect emissions from energy use), and Scope 3 (upstream and downstream emissions in the value chain). - The spatial boundaries cover the geographic region(s) relevant for the assessment, including but not limited to a specific site, facility, region, or global operations of a company or project. - The relevant timeframe may be a single year, the entire lifecycle of a product, or a specific project phase. - Organizational boundaries may include a parent company, subsidiaries, joint ventures, or specific divisions based on control, ownership, or influence. - Impact may include carbon emissions, energy use, water consumption, biodiversity impact, and waste generation. - Lifecycle boundaries may cover product or process evaluations (e.g., Life Cycle Assessment or LCA). If so, the boundary defines which stages of the lifecycle are included: Cradle-to-Grave: Includes all stages, from raw material extraction to disposal, Cradle-to-Gate: Covers stages…

term structure
type: Concept
broader: dated structured collection
definition: structured collection of rates, such as interest rates, or bond yields with different terms to maturity, such that a yield curve may be constructed for the structure
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Term structure refers to a set of discrete points; elements are ordered by time. Restrictions on the rate (see above) and a point in time, paired together, and then ordered in a structured collection is how this should ultimately be modeled. Then the concept of yield curve would be a child of term structure, for calculation of net present value, for example. Term structures consist of two or more observed or projected values, typically related to debt instruments or interest rates. assessment of monetary policy conditions, and so forth.

is submitted by
type: Concept
definition: indicates the party that submits something
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: submitter

clearing corporation
type: Concept
broader: clearing house
definition: clearing house that is organized as a corporation
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014

capped option
type: Concept
broader: vanilla option
definition: option with an established profit cap or cap price
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The cap price is equal to the option's strike price plus a cap interval for a call option or the strike price minus a cap interval for a put option. A capped option is automatically exercised when the underlying security closes at or above (for a call) or at or below (for a put) the option's cap price.

ordinary dividend
type: Concept
broader: dividend
definition: dividend that is paid to shareholders periodically
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that the terms related to ordinary dividend payment are typically specified in the context of a board resolution rather than contractually.
explanatory note: Most dividends are considered ordinary, unless they are specifically designated as qualified dividends.

relationship period qualifier
type: Concept
definition: a classifier that qualifies something about the reporting period specified, such as that the date period reflects an accounting or document filing period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: GLEIF Level 2 Relationship Record (RR) Common Data Format (CDF), see https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/relationship-record-cdf-format#

transaction subcategory
type: Concept
definition: second-level classifier for a transaction, e.g., direct deposit, check, cash advance, withdrawal, payment, purchase, and so forth
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

commodore option
type: Concept
broader: exotic option
definition: exotic option consisting of a number of digital barrier options that pay a coupon if a pre-determined level of the underlying or basket of underlyings is reached
example: A three-year commodore option with annual barriers would have three potential payoffs. The first would pay at the end of the first year and would be dependent on the pre-determined barrier being reached or exceeded. For example, if the underlying or basket of underlyings reached or exceeded 102% of its initial level at the end of year one, a coupon of 6% would be paid. At the end of year two, if the underlying reached or exceeded 104% of its initial level, another 6% coupon would be paid. The coupon in the final year would be 6% if the underlying reached or exceeded 106%. The coupon should exceed the performance level of the underlying, otherwise the investor would achieve the same result by investing directly in the underlying.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Sometimes the digital barrier increases with the number of years since the trade began. All of the options are active from the start of the trade.

issuer identification number
type: Concept
broader: financial service provider identifier
definition: a numbering system that allows a credit, debit, or other card to be identified as having been issued by a particular financial institution
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: IIN
explanatory note: The issuer identification number (IIN) is a six digit number that is unique to a single card issuer. The number is only used to identify the card issuer, and is not used to identify a particular product, service, or region associated with the card issuer.
explanatory note: IINs are issued directly by the American Banker's Association (ABA) in the US. The ABA is the Registration Authority (RA) for ISO/IEC 7812, which defines the IIN, in other words.

articles of incorporation
type: Concept
broader: instrument of incorporation
definition: contract that establishes a new corporation or, when amended, adjusts the legal basis for the corporation, and outlines basic information about the corporation, including the type of business, and a description of the business' operational characteristics
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: articles of association

instrument of incorporation
type: Concept
broader: constitution
definition: memorandum and articles of association by which some legal entity is established
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This may be the issuance of shares, the existence of some agreement, guaranties and so on.

legal entity identifier scheme
type: Concept
definition: a scheme that specifies the elements of an unambiguous legal entity identifier (LEI) scheme to identify the legal entities relevant to any financial transaction
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.iso.org/standard/59771.html
adapted from: https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/common-data-file-format/lei-cdf-format/lei-cdf-format-version-2-1

interdealer quotation system
type: Concept
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
example: The National Association of Securities Dealers Automatic Quotation (Nasdaq), Nasdaq SmallCap Market, and the Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board (OTCBB) exchange platforms are integrated into one IQS. By using this integrated system, investors have access to a wide range of securities, ranging from large blue-chip companies to smaller micro-caps.
adapted from: https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/inter-dealer-quotation-system
adapted from: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/interdealerquotationsystem.asp
abbreviation: IQS
broader: exchange
explanatory note: In the United States, an IQS is an automated interdealer quotation system of a national securities association registered pursuant to section 15A(a) of the Exchange Act (15 U.S.C. 78o-3(a)).
synonym: inter-dealer quotation system
definition: automated system for organizing and disseminating price quotes by brokers and dealer firms that facilitates electronic trading in securities
explanatory note: An IQS ties the price quotations of a number of exchanges together into one platform. This allows investors to more easily access security price quotations that would otherwise need to be monitored on several separate exchanges.

grain commodity
type: Concept
broader: agricultural resource
definition: agricultural resource that is a small, hard seed, of a food plant, especially of a cereal plant, such as wheat, corn, rye, oats, rice, and millet
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is principal party of
type: Concept
has in domain: principal party
broader: is controlling member of
definition: identifies a legal entity (controlled party) over which a principal has some measure of control
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlled party

establishment population
type: Concept
broader: enterprise population
definition: a subset of the enterprise population focused on establishments
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

enterprise population
type: Concept
broader: statistical universe
definition: statistical universe consisting of enterprises designed for the purposes of supporting surveys such as those used as the basis for employment and producer price indices
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has responsibility
type: Concept
has in domain: Party
broader: has capacity
definition: specifies a commitment or obligation that an independent party has
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: duty

is capacity of
type: Concept
has in domain: legal capacity
broader: is conferred on
definition: identifies an individual or organization on which a given legal capacity has been conferred
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
scope note: This includes capacities specific to duties at law (such as those for corporate officers) as well as the ability or capacity to incur liability.
has in range: Party

is conferred on
type: Concept
definition: indicates a party to which some benefit or right has been granted
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Party

has grace period
type: Concept
definition: window following any payment due date during which a party must fulfill its obligations before a failure to pay credit event occurs
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Note that this may be a period denominated in business days or calendar days.
has in range: DatePeriod

has award date
type: Concept
has in domain: municipal bond
definition: specifies the date on which bonds are awarded to the lead manager or syndicate on negotiated deals, or the date of bidding on competitive deals
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
synonym: has sale date
has in range: ExplicitDate

has quotation settlement basis
type: Concept
has in domain: quoted exchange rate
definition: indicates the settlement period for a trade for which the stated spot rate applies
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: Duration

has call rate basis
type: Concept
has in domain: call event
definition: for each call event on the schedule, indicates whether the rate is expressed as a percentage of par or percentage of percentage of cumulative average value (CAV)
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Zero coupon bonds and OID bonds are callable at an accreted value.
has in range: rate basis convention

rate basis convention
type: Concept
broader: convention
definition: basis for a percentage quoted rate as used in specifying bond call percentage amounts
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

commodity forward
type: Concept
broader: commodity derivative
adapted from: CFTC glossary
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: forward contract in which a buyer and seller agree upon delivery of a specified quality and quantity of goods at a specified future date
broader: forward
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, 2019-10
explanatory note: Commodity forwards are often settled via cash transactions in many industries, including for the purposes of commodity merchandising. Terms may be more "personalized" than is the case with standardized futures contracts (i.e., delivery time and amount are as determined between seller and buyer). A price may be agreed upon in advance, or there may be agreement that the price will be determined at the time of delivery. A forward contract is a private and customizable agreement that settles at the end of the agreement and is traded over-the-counter.

has home exchange
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
synonym: has primary market
has in range: exchange
explanatory note: A primary market is one that issues new securities on an exchange for companies, governments, and other groups to obtain financing through debt-based or equity-based securities.
synonym: has primary trading market
example: A security may have been originally listed on the Frankfurt exchange, but its current home is the London Stock Exchange, for example.
definition: indicates the exchange that is considered the primary market for a security; typically, but not always, in the country in which the security was originally issued

information return program number
type: Concept
broader: business number
definition: concatenation of an entity's business number, the 'RZ' abbreviation and a 4-digit subaccount number used for information returns
example: 000000000RZ0001
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/tax/businesses/topics/completing-slips-summaries/financial-slips-summaries/information-returns-program-account.html
explanatory note: An organization may have more than one information returns program number through its subunits, this is handled through additional 4-digit subaccount numbers. This is used as both an account and an identifier for the registration. As opposed to other program numbers, this number is used for filing information returns and not as an account.

employer identification number
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
synonym: Federal Tax Identification Number
adapted from: https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/employer-id-numbers
definition: unique nine-digit number assigned by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to business entities operating in the United States for the purposes of identification
synonym: Federal Employer Identification Number
explanatory note: Note that despite the name, the business may not necessarily employ anyone.
abbreviation: EIN
abbreviation: FEIN
broader: taxpayer identification number

taxpayer identification number
type: Concept
broader: tax identifier
definition: identification number used by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) in the administration of tax laws in the United States
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: TIN
adapted from: https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/taxpayer-identification-numbers-tin
explanatory note: A TIN must be furnished on returns, statements, and other tax related documents. For example a number must be furnished: - When filing tax returns. - When claiming treaty benefits. A TIN must be on a withholding certificate if the beneficial owner is claiming any of the following: - Tax treaty benefits (other than for income from marketable securities) - Exemption for effectively connected income - Exemption for certain annuities.

average daily earnings
type: Concept
broader: average earnings
definition: measure of the average daily wage an employee makes over the reporting period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp

division
type: Concept
definition: part of an organization, such as a line of business, that may have separate accounting and reporting requirements
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has minimum quotation amount
type: Concept
has in domain: cash settlement terms
broader: has monetary amount
definition: indicates a minimum intended threshold amount of outstanding principal balance of the reference obligation for which the quote should be obtained
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: monetary amount

incapacitated adult
type: Concept
broader: adult
definition: an adult who is legally identified as not having legal capacity, typically as a result of some inherent physical or mental incapacity or as a result of having contracted some illness which temporarily deprives them of such capacity
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacity_(law)
explanatory note: Individuals may have an inherent physical condition which prevents them from achieving the normal levels of performance expected from persons of comparable age, or their inability to match current levels of performance may be caused by contracting an illness. Whatever the cause, if the resulting condition is such that individuals cannot care for themselves, or may act in ways that are against their interests, those persons are vulnerable through dependency and require the protection of the state against the risks of abuse or exploitation. Hence, any agreements that were made are voidable, and a court may declare that person a ward of the state and grant power of attorney to an appointed legal guardian.

preferred, enhanced voting, exchangeable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

firm commitment offering
type: Concept
broader: securities offering
definition: securities offering whereby the underwriter purchases the securities outright for their own account
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Barron's Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, Ninth Edition, 2014.

has accrual basis
type: Concept
broader: has business recurrence interval convention
definition: identifies the convention that defines how interest accrues on something, that is the number of days in a month and days in a year that are counted when performing interest accrual calculations
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: day-count convention

underemployed population with respect to occupation
type: Concept
broader: underemployed population
definition: subset of the underemployed population that includes persons employed in a role that does not reflect their training and experience, excluding those that change careers
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is based on
type: Concept
definition: relates something to something else on which it rests, or that supports it in some way
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

special tax bond
type: Concept
broader: secured bond
broader: municipal bond
definition: bond secured by revenues derived from designated taxes other than ad valorem taxes
example: For example, bonds for a particular purpose might be supported by sales, cigarette, fuel or business license taxes.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

benefit corporation
type: Concept
broader: not-for-profit corporation
definition: not-for-profit corporation set up under specific state legislation, typically to provide some social benefit, without an obligation to maximize shareholder return
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: This is a US-specific type of non-profit corporation defined in recent legislation in a number of states. In California, for example, benefit corporations may be defined as public benefit or mutual benefit corporations, depending on their purpose.

averaging strategy
type: Concept
broader: strategy
definition: method used for calculating the average rate or price of an Asian option
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

fulfills obligation
type: Concept
has in domain: payment
definition: satisfies a requirement for payment of some claim, debt, or other obligation
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: payment obligation

payment obligation
type: Concept
broader: duty
broader: commitment
definition: legally enforceable duty to pay a sum of money according to the terms stated in a contract
example: the duty of a borrower to repay a loan, related to the legal right of a lender to enforce payment
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

wealth management service
type: Concept
broader: financial service
definition: financial service that combines financial and investment advice, accounting and tax services, retirement planning and legal or estate planning for one set fee
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

joint controlling party
type: Concept
broader: entity controlling party
definition: party that collectively has the authority to control the affairs of some business organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

Global Industry Classification Standards classifier
type: Concept
broader: industry sector classifier
definition: four-tiered standardized classification or delineation for an organization based on the principal business activity of the organization
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: GICS classifier
abbreviation: GICS code

fixed basket
type: Concept
broader: dated structured collection
broader: basket
definition: basket of goods and services whose quantity and quality are held fixed for some period of time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/ppi/2010/manual/ppi.pdf
synonym: basket of goods

trustor
type: Concept
definition: party that establishes a trust and places property under the protection and management of one or more trustees for the benefit of at least one beneficiary
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: It is not always necessary to identify the trustor who may be also be a trustee and/or one of the beneficiaries. In legal parlance, a trustor is called a settlor in the UK and a grantor in the US, whereas in common usage he or she may also be called a creator, donor, initiator, owner, or trust maker.
synonym: grantor
synonym: settlor

currency identifier
type: Concept
definition: sequence of characters representing some currency
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Codes for the representation of currencies and funds, ISO 4217, Eighth edition, 2015-08-01, section 3.2
explanatory note: The first (left-most) two characters of the ISO 4217 3-letter currency identifier relate to the currency authority that issues the currency, and is, in most cases the ISO 3166-1 alpha 2 code for the geopolitical entity whose central bank is the issuer. The third (right-most) character of the identifier (alphabetic code) is an indicator derived from the name of the major currency unit or fund. If the currency is not associated with a single geographical entity as described in ISO 3166-1, typically a specially allocated identifier (alpha-2 code) is used to describe the currency authority. This code has been allocated by the Maintenance Agency from within the user-assigned range of codes XA to XZ specified in 8.1.3 of ISO 3166-1:2013. The character following X will be a mnemonic, where possible, derived from the name of the geographical area concerned.

sole proprietorship
type: Concept
broader: business entity
definition: unincorporated business owned by a single person
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

exchange-traded warrant
type: Concept
broader: listed security
broader: public warrant
definition: warrant that is listed on a securities exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

public warrant
type: Concept
broader: warrant
broader: negotiable security
definition: warrant that may be traded over the counter (OTC) or through an exchange
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

variable interest entity
type: Concept
definition: legal entity whose shareholders are entitled to a percentage of a named company's profits via a private contract
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
abbreviation: VIE
explanatory note: Variable interest entity (VIE) is a term used by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to refer to a legal entity with certain characteristics such that a public company with a financial interest in the entity is subject to certain financial reporting requirements. Examples include certain Chinese companies, such as Alibaba, that leverage VIEs to gain access to foreign capital that would otherwise not be available due to Chinese government regulations.
synonym: shell company

preferred, enhanced voting, redeemable exchangeable, fixed income, registered share
type: Concept
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-participating preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
broader: enhanced voting share
broader: exchangeable preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers multiple votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, may be redeemed at the option of the issuer and/or of the shareholder, provides a periodic stated income, and is registered
broader: registered security

transaction record identifier
type: Concept
definition: unique identifier for record of transactions
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

capital productivity, based on value added
type: Concept
broader: productivity
definition: ratio of a quantity index of value added to a quantity index of capital input
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.oecd.org/std/productivity-stats/2352458.pdf
explanatory note: The capital productivity index shows the time profile of how productively capital is used to generate value added. Capital productivity reflects the joint influence of labour, intermediate inputs, technical change, efficiency change, economies of scale, capacity utilisation and measurement errors.
explanatory note: Changes in capital productivity indicate the extent to which output growth can be achieved with lower welfare costs in the form of foregone consumption.

has home country supervisor
type: Concept
has in domain: financial service provider
definition: indicates, with respect to a foreign bank, the governmental entity or entities in the foreign bank's home country with responsibility for the supervision and regulation of the foreign bank
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
adapted from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21
has in range: RegulatoryAgency

is estimated value of
type: Concept
broader: is estimated value of
definition: indicates the estimated value of the combined underlying collateral for a given tranche at the time the instrument was issued
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: collateral value as of date

is estimated value of
type: Concept
has in domain: appraised value
definition: relates an appraised value to the asset of interest as of the date of the assessment
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

collateral value as of date
type: Concept
broader: appraised value
definition: appraised value of the collateral for an obligation as of a given date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has request date time
type: Concept
definition: date and time at which a request was made
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: DateTime

preferred, voting, exchangeable, auction rate income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with auction rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: single voting share
definition: preferred share that confers exactly one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is adjusted through an auction, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is requested by
type: Concept
definition: indicates the party that asks for something
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: requester

requester
type: Concept
definition: party that asks for something
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

market level classifier
type: Concept
definition: classifier that indicates whether the exchange or data reporting services provider is an operating level or market segment level facility
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.iso20022.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ISO10383_MIC_Release_2_0_Factsheet.pdf

trade lifecycle event occurrence
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle event occurrence
definition: realization of an event that happens during a specific stage of a specific trade lifecycle
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

receiver
type: Concept
broader: de jure controlling interest party
definition: party appointed by some court for the purposes of winding up the affairs of some entity which is no longer solvent
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

is facilitated by
type: Concept
definition: identifies someone or something that expedites some event, transaction, conversation or something else in some context
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

auto debt pool
type: Concept
broader: debt pool
definition: debt pool of loans and/or leases that are motor vehicle-related
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

default rate
type: Concept
broader: debt pool statistical measure
definition: qualified measure of the rate at which holders of the debt instruments in the pool default on those instruments
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

has reference period
type: Concept
broader: has recurrence interval
definition: specifies a reference (baseline) recurrence interval for which a given measure applies
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: recurrence interval

iron condor
type: Concept
broader: condor spread
definition: condor strategy consisting of two puts (one long and one short) and two calls (one long and one short), and four strike prices, all with the same expiration date
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The iron condor earns the maximum profit when the underlying asset closes between the middle strike prices at expiration. In other words, the goal is to profit from low volatility in the underlying asset.

condor spread
type: Concept
broader: option trading strategy
definition: non-directional options strategy that limits both gains and losses while seeking to profit from either low or high volatility
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: There are two types of condor spreads. A long condor seeks to profit from low volatility and little to no movement in the underlying asset. A short condor seeks to profit from high volatility and a sizable move in the underlying asset in either direction. A Condor Spread uses either all calls or all puts.

structured warrant
type: Concept
broader: warrant
definition: warrant that is listed on an exchange, offering investors a way to participate in the price performance of an underlying asset without buying it directly
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: When structured warrants are exercised, they are typically cash-settled and do not lead to the creation of new shares, thus avoiding dilution of existing shareholders. This is in contrast with company-issued stock options, which can potentially lead to the issuance of new shares, which might dilute the value for existing shareholders.
explanatory note: Unlike company-issued warrants, which are tied to corporate fundraising, structured warrants are issued by third-party financial institutions such as investment banks or brokers. They can be based on a variety of underlying assets, including individual company shares, a basket of shares, or an index.

remarketable bond
type: Concept
broader: corporate bond
broader: floating rate note
definition: corporate bond program where the coupon rate on outstanding bonds is periodically reset through an auction process
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: A remarketing agent (dealer or underwriter) periodically surveys bond holders to identify those who want to sell bonds. The agent surveys market (or holds an auction) to determine interest rate at which the bonds can be resold. The rate on all outstanding bonds resets at the new rate. These programs are perpetual in the sense they often don't have a fixed maturity date, but the company can redeem them. If an auction fails, i.e., the agent can't place all the bonds then.

corporate bond
type: Concept
broader: bond
definition: bond issued by a company in order to raise financing
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Note that some classification schemes consider any bond except those issued by a government in its own currency to be a corporate bond, for example, a bond issued by Canada in US dollars might be classified as a corporate bond. Bonds issued by multinational / supranational organizations such as the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) may also be considered corporate bonds rather than government bonds.
explanatory note: Corporate bonds are issued for purposes such as mergers and acquisitions, business expansion, or to cover ongoing operational needs, and are typically longer-term debt instruments that have a maturity of at least one year. Corporate debt instruments with maturity shorter than one year are referred to as commercial paper.

floating rate note
type: Concept
broader: variable coupon bond
definition: bond with a variable interest rate based on a published reference interest rate
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The adjustments to the interest rate (coupon) are made periodically, usually on a quarterly or monthly basis, and are tied to a certain money-market index. Also known as a "floater". For example six months USD LIBOR + 0.20%.

derived price
type: Concept
explanatory note: There are evaluated prices in which an independent source evaluates a price they have derived, and there are prices which are derived within a firm, from supplied, published end of day price spreads or other market data.
broader: calculated price
synonym: interpolated price
example: For example, a product's price can be derived from another pricing source, such as an asset or product, using various contributing factors. Derived prices can also be calculated within a firm using published price spreads or other market data. An interpolated price is determined by interpolation between available price figures, using some algorithm or curve, such as between bid and offer (among others). It also includes yield curves and implied forward curves. That is, interpolation may either be linear (straight line interpolation between two values) or may be expressed as a non linear curve such as a yield curve or an implied forward curve.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: price that stems from another source or calculation rather than being quoted or based on actual trading data
broader: security price
synonym: matrix price

is evidence for
type: Concept
definition: corroborates
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

weighted average maturity
type: Concept
explanatory note: The measure is calculated by totaling each mortgage value represented by the MBS. The weights of each mortgage is found by dividing the value of each into the total of all. To arrive at the WAM number the weight of each security is multiplied by the time until maturity of each mortgage, and then all the values are added together. For example say an MBS has three mortgages valued at $1,000, $2,000 and $3,000 (a total of $6,000) and mature in one, two and three years respectively. The weights of these are 1/6 (1,000/6,000), 1/3 (2,000/6,000) and 1/2 (3,000/6,000). The WAM is 2 1/3 years (1/6 x 1 year + 1/3 x 2 years + 1/2 x 3 years). Note that this calculation would need to be adjusted if there are multiple pools behind the MBS.
broader: debt pool statistical measure
definition: weighted average amount of time until the maturities on mortgages in a mortgage-backed security (MBS)
explanatory note: This term is used more broadly to describe maturities in a portfolio of debt securities, including corporate debt and municipal bonds. The higher the WAM, the longer it takes for all of the mortgages or bonds in the portfolio to mature. WAM is used to manage debt portfolios and to assess the performance of debt portfolio managers.
abbreviation: WAM
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: arithmetic mean

canary exercise terms
type: Concept
broader: Bermudan exercise terms
definition: exercise terms that stipulate that an option may only be exercised on predetermined dates until the first step is reached, but not after that point
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

Bermudan exercise terms
type: Concept
broader: exercise terms
definition: exercise terms that stipulate that an option may only be exercised on predetermined dates within some exercise window, often on one day each month or at the date of expiration
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: The Bermuda option is named as such because its exercise dates are more flexible than European options and less flexible than American options. Thus, it is in the middle, just like Bermuda is between Europe and America. Bermuda options are also referred to as Mid-Atlantic, Quasi American, or Semi-American options.

securities pool
type: Concept
broader: instrument pool
definition: pool of securities organized for the purpose of issuing notes against those securities
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

naked warrant
type: Concept
broader: warrant
definition: warrant that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy (call warrant) or to sell (put warrant) an underlying asset at a specified price (the strike or exercise price) by a predetermined date, issued without an accompanying security by a third party that does not hold as many securities as would be required if all the warrants are exercised
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

preferred, restricted voting, exchangeable, participating, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: preferred share with fixed rate dividend
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, provides a periodic stated income and participates with common shareholders in further dividend and capital distributions, and is registered
broader: restricted voting share
broader: participating preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share

qualifying dividend period
type: Concept
definition: date period over which the sum of all qualifying dividends paid by the relevant issuers as identified in the swap terms is calculated
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

influence-based de facto control
type: Concept
broader: de facto control
definition: informal control that involves influence over some party
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

exempt security
type: Concept
broader: security
definition: security that is exempt from certain regulatory rules
example: Some exemptions from the registration requirement include: private offerings to a limited number of persons or institutions; offerings of limited size; intrastate offerings; and securities of municipal, state, and federal governments.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: Securities Act of 1933
explanatory note: Generally, securities must be filed with the appropriate regulatory agencies in the jurisdiction in which they are sold. The registration forms companies file provide essential facts while minimizing the burden and expense of complying with the law. Not all securities must be registered, however. By exempting many small offerings from the registration process, regulators seek to foster capital formation by lowering the cost of offering securities to the public.

date returned by settlement date rule
type: Concept
broader: calculated date
definition: calculated date that is determined via a settlement rule
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

registered charity program number
type: Concept
broader: business number
definition: concatenation of an entity's business number, the 'RR' abbreviation and a 4-digit subaccount number used for registered charity contribution
example: 000000000RR0001
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/charities-giving/charities/operating-a-registered-charity/registration-number.html
explanatory note: An organization may have more than one registered charity account through its subunits, this is handled through additional 4-digit subaccount numbers. This is used as both an account and an identifier for the registration.

has principal executive office address
type: Concept
has in domain: LegalPerson
broader: has registered address
definition: relates an organization, specifically the issuer of a financial instrument, to its principal executive address, as required for issuance of that instrument
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
explanatory note: Note that in most cases, the principal executive office address is also the headquarters address for a company.
has in range: conventional street address

preferred, restricted voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: restricted voting share
definition: preferred share that confers less than one vote per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered

has early termination date
type: Concept
broader: has termination date
definition: indicates a termination date that occurs prior to an explicit expiration date
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

has initial stub
type: Concept
broader: has stub
definition: identifies any special period at the start of a regular schedule
in scheme: FIBO property scheme

board composition control
type: Concept
broader: control
definition: situation in which a voting shareholder, entity owner, or some other party in the case of a not-for-profit organization, appoints and/or nominates someone to the board of directors of an organization for some period of time
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

accrual
type: Concept
definition: the process of accumulating interest or other income that has been earned but not paid
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: There are legal contractual terms for the accrual of interest, as distinct from the payment of interest.

present value
type: Concept
broader: quantitative value
definition: value of an asset today, which may be calculated from reference data and may based on its expected future value
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

joint stock company
type: Concept
broader: business entity
definition: for-profit, unincorporated business that has some characteristics of a corporation and some features of a partnership, with ownership interests represented by shares of stock
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: 1. In the UK, the original (17th century) name for a corporation in which the liability of the owners is limited to the nominal value of the stock (shares) held by them. 2. In the US, a joint stock company is similar to a corporation, but with unlimited liability for the shareholders. Investors in a US joint stock company receive stock (shares) which can be transferred, and can elect a board of directors, but are jointly-and-severally liable for the company's debts and obligations. A US joint stock company cannot hold title to a real property.

has convertible date
type: Concept
has in domain: bond conversion terms
definition: date on which a bond can be converted into the specified equity security
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: ExplicitDate

bond conversion terms
type: Concept
broader: conversion terms
definition: terms indicating when a convertible bond can be converted to another security (usually a publicly traded share issued by of the same issuer)
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

regional administrative office of a foreign bank
type: Concept
broader: representative office of a foreign bank
definition: representative office that (1) Is established by a foreign bank that operates two or more branches, agencies, commercial lending companies, or banks in the United States; (2) Is located in the same city as one or more of the foreign bank's branches, agencies, commercial lending companies, or banks in the United States; (3) Manages, supervises, or coordinates the operations of the foreign bank or its affiliates, if any, in a particular geographic area that includes the United States or a region thereof, including by exercising credit approval authority in that area pursuant to written standards, credit policies, and procedures established by the foreign bank; and (4) Does not solicit business from actual or potential customers of the foreign bank or its affiliates.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21
synonym: regional administrative office

representative office of a foreign bank
type: Concept
broader: office of a foreign bank
definition: office of a foreign bank which is located in any state and is not a federal branch, federal agency, state branch, state agency, or commercial lending company subsidiary
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-12/chapter-II/subchapter-A/part-211/subpart-B/section-211.21
synonym: representative office

double barrier option
type: Concept
broader: barrier option
definition: barrier option applied to currencies or over the counter stocks that works as a binary, or digital option in that it pays out only under defined circumstances, or it is worthless, at expiration
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
explanatory note: Considered an exotic option, a double barrier option is a combination of two single barrier options, with one barrier above and one barrier below the current price of the underlying. It is a bet by the holder that the underlying asset will move significantly, in the case of a knock-in barrier option, or will move by a very small amount, in the case of a knock-out barrier option, over the life of the contract. Traders use these options when they have an opinion on volatility but not on the direction of the underlying asset's next price move. A barrier option is a type of option where the payoff, and the very existence of the option, depends on whether or not the underlying asset reaches a predetermined price.

preferred share purchase right
type: Concept
broader: purchase right
definition: purchase right that gives a prospective acquiree's preferred shareholders the right to buy preferred shares of the firm or preferred shares of anyone who acquires the firm at a deep discount to their fair market value
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: ISO 10962, Securities and related financial instruments - Classification of financial instruments (CFI) code, Fourth Edition, October 2019

product lifecycle stage occurrence
type: Concept
broader: lifecycle stage occurrence
definition: realization of a specific stage in the lifecycle of a given product
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme

preferred, non-voting, redeemable/exchangeable/extendable, normal income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: registered security
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: non-cumulative preferred share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, may be exchanged for securities of another issuer, whose issuer and/or shareholders have the option to extend the maturity date, that provides the same dividends as common/ordinary shareholders, and is registered
broader: exchangeable preferred share
broader: extendable preferred share
broader: non-voting share

unemployment rate
type: Concept
broader: economic indicator
definition: economic indicator representing the ratio of the unemployed population with respect to the civilian labor force of a given economy for some specified period
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
adapted from: http://www.bls.gov/cps/faq.htm#Ques3
explanatory note: Persons are classified as unemployed if they do not have a job, have actively looked for work in the prior 4 weeks, and are currently available for work. Workers expecting to be recalled from layoff are counted as unemployed, whether or not they have engaged in a specific jobseeking activity. In all other cases, the individual must have been engaged in at least one active job search activity in the 4 weeks preceding the interview and be available for work (except for temporary illness).

advises
type: Concept
has in domain: controlling party
broader: is party controlling
definition: provides counsel or guidance to
in scheme: FIBO property scheme
has in range: controlled party

forward start option
type: Concept
explanatory note: Forward start options typically attempt to keep future strike prices at the money or near the money. In this way, the holder will have the right, but not the obligation, to buy (call) or sell (put) the underlying asset in the future at or near the then-current market price. Knowing where the strike price will be in relation to the underlying's price makes it easier to come up with the premium (cost) of the option, which is also typically determined and paid at the initiation of the contract prior to the activation date. If, at the expiration date, the underlying trades below the strike price of the option (for a call), then it expires worthless. If the underlying is above the strike (for a call), then the holder exercises it and owns the underlying at the strike price. For a put option, if the underlying is below the strike price, the option has value and will be sold or exercised to realize a gain. If the underlying is above the strike price, the option will expire worthless. Typically, as with most options, the holder may sell the option if it is in the money and take the cash instead of exercising the option. Since it is an exotic option, the seller and buyer of the option may also agree to settle the option with cash instead of delivering the underlying. Once a forward start option becomes active (strike price is set), then the option is valued like a vanilla option.
example: For example, assume that two parties agree to enter into a call forward start option on XYZ stock. It is September and they agree that the forward start option will activate on January 1 at the money. That means on January 1 the strike price for the option will be the price that stock is trading at on that day. The option will expire in June. The exact strike price is unknown, but the parties do know the strike and underlying's price will be the same at activation. They can look at current six-month options (January to June) and assess volatility to determine a premium for the option. They agree to trade one contract, equivalent to 100 shares of the underlying stock. They decide on a premium of $40, or $4,000 for the contract ($40 x 100 shares). The call buyer agrees to pay the $4,000 now (September), even though the option doesn't activate till January. On January 1, assume the stock price is $400. The strike is set at $400, and an option is now a vanilla option with a June expiry. At the June expiry, assume XYZ is trading at $420. In this case, the option is worth $20 ($420 - $400 strike). If they settle in cash, the buyer receives $2,000, or if they exercise, they receive 100 shares at $400 and can keep them, or sell them at $420 to make $2,000. Notice that this still results in a loss for the buyer, since they paid $4,000 but are only receiving back $2,000. To make money on the call, the price of the underlying needs to move above the strike price plus the premium. Therefore, if the price moves up to $450 by expiration, the option is worth $50 ($450 - $400 strike), and the buyer receives $5,000. That's a net profit of $1,000 over their $4,000 cost. If the underlying is trading below the $400 strike at expiry, the call option expires worthless and the buyer's premium is lost ($4,000 profit to the seller).
example: For example, the people buying/selling the option could specify that the strike will be at the money (ATM) at activation, or 3% or 5% in the money or out of the money (OTM). Since it is a customized contract, they can negotiate any terms they want.
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme
broader: exotic option
explanatory note: The only unknown for the contract is the strike price. In terms of pricing the contract, the future price of the underlying asset is also unknown. The contract typically stipulates some parameters for where the strike price will be in relation to the underlying asset's price.
definition: exotic option that is fully specified with respect to a set expiry date, underlying asset and other parameters, purchased and paid for on initiation, but that becomes active at a set activation date with a strike price determined at the time of activation

preferred, non-voting, perpetual, adjustable income, registered share
type: Concept
broader: preferred share with adjustable rate dividend
broader: registered security
broader: perpetual preferred share
broader: non-voting share
definition: preferred share that confers zero votes per share, has no fixed maturity date, provides a periodic income whose dividend rate is set periodically, and is registered
in scheme: FIBO classes scheme